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    Ugb 2024

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    sayan Manna
    This document contains 8 multi-part questions covering a range of mathematical topics including properties of sequences, trigonometric functions, polynomials, derivatives, and factorization of integers. The questions involve proving identities, determining limits, relating geometric quantities, and establishing functional properties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ugb 2024

    Uploaded by

    sayan Manna
    11 views3 pages
    This document contains 8 multi-part questions covering a range of mathematical topics including properties of sequences, trigonometric functions, polynomials, derivatives, and factorization of integers. The questions involve proving identities, determining limits, relating geometric quantities, and establishing functional properties.

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    UGB-2024

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    This document contains 8 multi-part questions covering a range of mathematical topics including properties of sequences, trigonometric functions, polynomials, derivatives, and factorization of integers. The questions involve proving identities, determining limits, relating geometric quantities, and establishing functional properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views3 pages

    Ugb 2024

    Uploaded by

    sayan Manna
    This document contains 8 multi-part questions covering a range of mathematical topics including properties of sequences, trigonometric functions, polynomials, derivatives, and factorization of integers. The questions involve proving identities, determining limits, relating geometric quantities, and establishing functional properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Q 1.

    Determine all integers n > 1 such that every power of n has an odd
    number of digits.
    Q 2.
    1
    Let a0 = 2
    and an be defined inductively by
    r
    1 + an−1
    an = ,n ≥ 1.
    2
    (a) Show that for n = 0, 1, 2, . . .,
    π
    an = cos θn for some 0 < θn < ,
    2
    and determine θn .
    (b) Using (a) or otherwise, calculate

    lim 4n (1 − an ) .
    n→∞

    Q 3.
    In a triangle ABC, consider points D and E on AC and AB,
    respectively, and assume that they do not coincide with any of the
    vertices A, B, C. If the segments BD and CE intersect at F ,
    consider the areas w, x, y, z of the quadrilateral AEF D and the
    triangles BEF, BF C, CDF , respectively.
    (a) Prove that y 2 > xz.
    (b) Determine w in terms of x, y, z.

    1
    Q 4.
    Let n1 , n2 , · · · , n51 be distinct natural numbers each of which has
    exactly 2023 positive integer factors. For instance, 22022 has exactly
    2023 positive integer factors 1, 2, 22 , · · · , 22021 , 22022 . Assume that no
    prime larger than 11 divides any of the ni ’s. Show that there must
    be some perfect cube among the ni ’s. You may use the fact that
    2023 = 7 × 17 × 17.
    Q 5.
    There is a rectangular plot of size 1 × n. This has to be covered by
    three types of tiles - red, blue and black. The red tiles are of size 1 × 1,
    the blue tiles are of size 1 × 1 and the black tiles are of size 1 × 2. Let
    tn denote the number of ways this can be done. For example, clearly
    t1 = 2 because we can have either a red or a blue tile. Also, t2 = 5
    since we could have tiled the plot as: two red tiles, two blue tiles, a
    red tile on the left and a blue tile on the right, a blue tile on the left
    and a red tile on the right, or a single black tile.
    (a) Prove that t2n+1 = tn (tn−1 + tn+1 ) for all n > 1.
    P  n−2d
    (b) Prove that tn = d≥0 n−d d
    2 for all n > 0.
    Here, 
       m!
    m , if 0 ≤ r ≤ m ,
    = r!(m−r)!
    r 0 , otherwise ,
    for integers m, r.
    Q 6.
    Let {un }n≥1 be a sequence of real numbers defined as u1 = 1 and
    1
    un+1 = un + for all n ≥ 1 .
    un
    √
    3 n
    Prove that un ≤ 2
    for all n.

    2
    Q 7.
    (a) Let n ≥ 1 be an integer. Prove that X n +Y n +Z n can be written as
    a polynomial with integer coefficients in the variables α = X + Y + Z,
    β = XY + Y Z + ZX and γ = XY Z.
    (b) Let Gn = xn sin(nA) + y n sin(nB) + z n sin(nC), where
    x, y, z, A, B, C are real numbers such that A + B + C is an integral
    multiple of π. Using (a) or otherwise, show that if G1 = G2 = 0, then
    Gn = 0 for all positive integers n.
    Q 8.
    Let f : [0, 1] → R be a continuous function which is differentiable on
    (0, 1). Prove that either f is a linear function f (x) = ax + b or there
    exists t ∈ (0, 1) such that |f (1) − f (0)| < |f ′ (t)|.

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