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    Morphologyofoceanfloor2 170405123635

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    The document discusses the morphology and features of the ocean floor, including continental margins, ocean basins, oceanic ridges and rises, ocean trenches, island arcs, and plateaus. It describes key features like continental shelves, slopes, rises, abyssal plains, hills, seamounts, trenches, and marginal ocean basins. The morphology varies based on the age and evolution of each ocean basin due to ongoing crustal deformation from plate tectonics.

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    Morphologyofoceanfloor2 170405123635

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    mdranamiamymensingh
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    The document discusses the morphology and features of the ocean floor, including continental margins, ocean basins, oceanic ridges and rises, ocean trenches, island arcs, and plateaus. It describes key features like continental shelves, slopes, rises, abyssal plains, hills, seamounts, trenches, and marginal ocean basins. The morphology varies based on the age and evolution of each ocean basin due to ongoing crustal deformation from plate tectonics.

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    The document discusses the morphology and features of the ocean floor, including continental margins, ocean basins, oceanic ridges and rises, ocean trenches, island arcs, and plateaus. It describes key features like continental shelves, slopes, rises, abyssal plains, hills, seamounts, trenches, and marginal ocean basins. The morphology varies based on the age and evolution of each ocean basin due to ongoing crustal deformation from plate tectonics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views24 pages

    Morphologyofoceanfloor2 170405123635

    Uploaded by

    mdranamiamymensingh
    The document discusses the morphology and features of the ocean floor, including continental margins, ocean basins, oceanic ridges and rises, ocean trenches, island arcs, and plateaus. It describes key features like continental shelves, slopes, rises, abyssal plains, hills, seamounts, trenches, and marginal ocean basins. The morphology varies based on the age and evolution of each ocean basin due to ongoing crustal deformation from plate tectonics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    Morphology Of Ocean Floor

    Submitted to : Presented by
    PRAMODA G
    Geology, 4th semester
    Dr. Balasubramanian A. DoS In Earth Science,
    University of Mysore
    Presentation outline
    _ Introduction
    _ Profile of Global elevations
    _ Morphology of the Ocean Floor
    A - Continental Margins
    B - Ocean Basin morphology
    C - Oceanic Ridges and Rises
    D - Ocean Trenches
    E – Island Arcs
    F – Marginal Ocean Basin
    G – Plateau

    _Conclusion

    _ References
    Introduction
    ** Oceans make up 70% of the earth s surface .
    •There are hundreds of seas and oceans in the world. Among them, the
    five major oceans are:

    _ Atlantic

    _ Pacific

    _ Indian

    _ Arctic

    _ Southern
    Lithospheric Crust
    • Earth’s crust is divided into continental and
    oceanic crusts.
    • The oceanic crust is thin and the continental
    crust is thick.
    The Oceanic Crust :

    Structure
    and
    Composition

    Of Ocean Floor
    Profile Of Global Elevation

    The Hypsometric Curve of Surface of the solid Earth


    Morphology of Ocean Floor :

    • The major features of the ocean floor are :


    Continental Margins :

    1. Continental Shelf
    2. Continental Slope
    3. Continental Rise
    *Continental shelf :
    The zone around the continents, extending from the low-waterline to the
    depth at which there is a marked increase in slope to greater depth.

    * Continental slope :
    The declivity from the outer edge of the continental shelf into greater
    depths.

    * Continental rise :
    At the base of continental slopes , the steep gradients of the slope
    decreases to 1 degree or less continuing into the abyssal hills or plains.
    Submarine Canyons
    • The continental shelf and slope regions are
    characterised by the presence of
    • A) Submarine canyons
    • B) Alluvial fans
    • C) Deep cut valleys.
    The Ocean Basin Floor
    1. Abyssal floor
    2. Seamounts and Guyots
    1. Abyssal floor :
    Abyssal floor are broad ,relatively smooth surfaces and consist of two
    sections :

    (i) Abyssal plains : The abyssal plain is the flattest of all Earth ‘s surface areas.
    They are composed of sediments , most of which came from continents and can be
    more than one km thick.

    (ii) Abyssal hills : The abyssal hills are small, rolling hills often occurring in
    groups near to ocean ridge systems.
    2. Seamounts and Guyots
    Ocean Trenches
    • Ocean trenches are steep depressions in the
    deepest parts of the ocean [where old ocean crust
    from one tectonic plate is pushed beneath another
    plate, raising mountains, causing earthquakes, and
    forming volcanoes on the seafloor and on land.
    Marianas Trench
    Distribution of Ridge of the world
    Marginal Ocean Basins
    The Marginal ocean Basins are depression in the ocean
    bottom lying between either island arcs and continents
    (Sea of Japan , Sea of Okhotsk ) or between two separate
    parallel island arcs (Philippines Sea).
    Plateaus
    Plateau also called micro-continental are submarine elevation
    of considerable extent with relatively flat tops.
    They rise upto 1 or 2 km but do not reach the ocean surface.

    Oceanic plateaus
    Conclusion
    The ocean basins vary in size , shape and topographic
    features.
    These differences fell much about the age and
    evolution of each individual ocean basin.

    The purpose of understanding these issues is, that there


    is a continuing crustal deformations due to plate
    tectonics. A detailed study of ocean morphology is
    needed.
    References

    Oceanography By ( K.Siddhartha)

    The changing Earth By ( James S. Monroe . Reed Wicander )

    The Global Sea By( Harris B . Stewart,Jr)

    The Deep –Ocean Floor By (H.W.Menard)

    www.google .com

    www.wikipedia.com
    Thank You

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