Name: Leslie M.

Torralba Course: SCIED 326

Year & section: BS SCIED 3B

I. Objectives:

A. Content Standard
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the identity of a substance according to its
atomic structure.

B. Performance Standard
The learner should be able to make a creative representation of the historical development
of the atom or the chemical element in a timeline.

C. Learning competencies
determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a particular atom;

D. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, 80% of students should be able to:

(a) describe atom, its subatomic particles and its properties;

(b) locate the subatomic particles;
(c) create an atomic model of a certain atom/ element.

II. Content and Materials

A. Topic: Matter
Subtopic: Atomic Structure
Code: S8MT-IIIef-10

B. LEARNING RESOURCES
1. Science Quarter 3 - Module 3: Atoms - Inside out (1st ed.). (2020). Department of
Education.
https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/SCI8-Q3-MODULE3.pdf
2. Science Learner’s Module (1st ed.). (2013). Department of Education.
https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/47557436/science-g8-learners-module
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WhRJV_bAiE
 Teacher Activity Students’ Responses/ Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
Good morning class! Good morning ma’am.

Before we start the discussion, everybody please

Prayer.
stand up for the prayer to be led by ___.

Okay everybody, please be seated.

But before that you pick up, first the pieces of
papers under your chairs. Arrange your chairs and
sit properly.

Yes ma’am.
Are we all set?

Okay let us check your attendance first. Please say Attendance.

present and raise your hand when your name is
called.

Engage

To start our lesson today, I have here a 2-minute video The students watched the video
entitled “ Voyage into the world of atoms” by CERN. attentively.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WhRJV_bAiE

What can you say about the video? I never actually thought that atoms were
this small, ma’am.

Atoms are very small.

Yes, indeed. Atoms are very small. Now that you know the You can’t see atoms using our naked eye
fact that atoms are small relative to the ordinary objects because it is very small.
that we see in our daily lives. Let us now learn more about
atoms.
Explore

The teacher will group the students into 5 groups. The students will count 1 to 5 and after
that they will form a circle with their
groupmates.
If you are already with your groups please get a one-whole
sheet of paper. One paper per group and write your names The students will get a one-whole sheet
on the upper left with your section and group number. of paper and write their names.

The teacher will now distribute the materials for their

activity.

Please follow the instructions that are being said. After The student will start the activity.
performing the activity please answer the guide questions
below on a one-whole sheet paper.

Activity 1. Everything is a Pile of Atoms

Objective: Explain that atoms are the smallest particles of

matter and are made up of protons, neutrons and
electrons
Directions: Look at the picture of an apple below. Slice an
apple in two parts, and then slice the resulting halves into
many slices. Answer the questions that follow. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Questions:
1. Are the smaller pieces of apple still similar to the original
apple? Why?
2. Can you still slice these pieces into smaller ones?
3. Is it possible to keep on slicing and dividing these
pieces? Why?
4. After slicing the apple many times, how can you be sure
that this is still the
same apple?
 Excuse me ma’am, all group members
And after that, prepare to present your answers with your will present ma’am?
classmates.

Okay ma’am, thank you.

No, just select your group’s representative. Two people will
present your work.

Start now.
The students will present their answers
Okay, times up. So the group that will present first is Group in front of their classmates.
1 and the following Group 2,3,4 and 5.

Thank you so much for presenting your answer class.

So now let us dive into our topic for today’s class. Please
get your notebook and pen to take down notes.
Yes, ma’am.
Are you ready to explore and learn today?

So let us start.

Explain
The teacher will use a powerpoint presentation.

Subatomic Particles

Have you ever wondered what everything around you is

made of?

Anyone? Everything around us ma’am is made of

small particles based on what we have
watched lately ma’am and also on the
activity that we have performed.

Yes, very good. Exactly!

Everything around us is made up of tiny particles called

atoms.

What is an atom?

The word "atom" is derived from the Greek word,

“atomos” or indivisible. Atoms are the smallest unit of
matter that retains the identity of the substance. Atom is
thought to be the smallest particle of a given element.

What are the subatomic particles and their properties?

Atoms are composed of three types of particles and these

are the protons, electrons, and neutrons. These
components of the atom are referred to as subatomic
particles.

Table 1 shows the properties of these subatomic particles.

The nucleus, which is found at the center of the atom
contains protons (positively charged) and
neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom
contain the electrons
(negatively charged).

Atoms in their stable state are neutral; their number of

protons and electrons are equal. The mass of an atom is
solely due to the mass of the proton and neutron.
The protons and neutrons are referred to as nucleons. The
nucleons which are tightly
packed together, form the nucleus within the center of the
atom. Thus, much of the mass of an atom is concentrated
at the nucleus.

The teacher will show some pictures.

So this picture is the Niels Bohr Atomic Model. Later, we'll
be discussing this different atomic model including the J.J
Thomson’s and Ernest Rutherford’s atomic model.
Elaborate

Let us now proceed to

Plum Pudding and Nuclear Models of the Atom
The development of the atomic theory began with intuitive
thought, when early Greek philosophers pondered on the
nature of matter. It took centuries to develop a complete
picture of the atom. There had been various models
suggested at different periods of time. These models
represent concrete expressions of theoretical assumptions.
In this lesson, you will learn the most significant
discoveries of the structure of the atom which led to
creation of the two models of the atom.

Are you still with me class? Yes ma’am.

Okay let us continue.

What did Joseph John Thomson discover? What is his

atomic model called?

When the idea of the atom was first proposed by the

ancient Greeks, they thought it was a particle with no
parts. However, towards the 19th century, Joseph John
Thomson discovered that atoms have negatively-charged
particles, which he called electrons. This led him to
propose a new model for the atom, which he called the
plum pudding model. Thomson proposed that the
negatively-charged electrons were embedded in a cloud of
positive charge, as shown in Figure 1. Since plums and
puddings are not commonly known in the Philippines, it
may work better for you to use the other name for the
model, the raisin bread model or a watermelon fruit
model.

What is Rutherford’s Nuclear Model?

A group of scientists composed of Ernest Rutherford,
Johannes "Hans" Wilhelm Geiger and Ernest Marsden
tested Thomson’s model by bombarding a very thin sheet
of gold foil with positively-charged alpha particles. Their
experiment is referred to as the alpha particle scattering
experiment.

The particles in the atoms of the gold foil led Rutherford’s

team to propose another model called the nuclear atom.

In the raisin bread model, the electrons having a very small

mass, are scattered in a cloud of positive charge. In this
region where the electrons are found, there was no area
with a similar charge to the alpha particles that can be
found that can cause its deflection.
To account for the few deflections and the rare occasions
of very large deflections, Rutherford, in 1911, suggested a
different structure of the atoms where all the positive
charge and nearly all the mass of the atom were
concentrated in a very tiny region called the nucleus,
which is found at the center of the atom.

The rest of the atom, where the tiny electrons with very
small mass moved, was largely empty space through which
the alpha particles could travel undeflected. This model
replaced the one proposed by Thomson and is the model
that we hold to this time, with respect to the placement of
the nucleus in the atom.

The teacher will summarize all the lessons.

That’s all for today's lesson. Do you have any questions? None so far ma’am.

Evaluate

Okay since you don’t have any questions please get one- The student will get their papers.
whole sheet of paper and close your books and notebooks.
Answer this.

Answer directly ma’am?

No, you copy and answer. Okay ma’am.

What I Have Learned What I Have Learned

A. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct Directions: Fill in the blanks with the
answer. Write your answers on a one-whole sheet correct answer. Write your answers on
of paper. a one-whole sheet of paper.

1. Towards the 19th century, Joseph John Thomson 1. Towards the 19th century,
was able to discover that atoms have negatively Joseph John Thomson was able
charged particles, which he called __________. to discover that atoms
It led him to propose a new model for the atom, have negatively charged
which he called the __________ model of the particles, which he called
atom. electrons. It led him to
2. In the plum pudding model of the atom, propose a new model for the
negatively charged electrons were embedded in a atom, which he called the plum
cloud of __________ charge. pudding model of the atom.
3. Ernest Rutherford and his team performed the 2. In the plum pudding model of
__________experiment to test the model of the atom, negatively charged
Joseph John Thomson. They fired alpha particles electrons were
 on a thin sheet of gold foil. embedded in a cloud of positive
4. Observations in the gold foil experiment are the charge.
following: 3. Ernest Rutherford and his team
o Most of the alpha rays just __________ through performed the alpha particle
the gold foil. scattering experiment to test the
o A small portion of the alpha particles was model of Joseph John Thomson.
deflected. They fired alpha particles on a
o An even smaller portion of the alpha particles thin sheet of gold foil.
bounced right back. 4. Observations in the gold foil
experiment are the following:
5. These observations suggested a different structure o Most of the alpha rays just
of the atom where all the positive charge and undeflected through the gold
nearly all the mass of the atom were concentrated foil.
in a very tiny region called the __________ at the o A small portion of the alpha
center of the atom. particles was deflected.
6. The new model of the structure of the atom is o An even smaller portion of the
called the __________. This model describes the alpha particles bounced right
atom as having a nucleus at its center. back.
5. These observations suggested a
different structure of the atom
where all the
B. Draw an atomic structure and label it with the positive charge and nearly all
subatomic particles and describe its properties. the mass of the atom were
concentrated in a very tiny
region called the nucleus at the
center of the atom.
6. The new model of the structure
of the atom is called the nuclear
model . This model
describes the atom as having a
nucleus at its center.