Chapter 8.1 Kinetics and Equilibrium
Chapter 8.1 Kinetics and Equilibrium
Chapter 8.1 Kinetics and Equilibrium
1:
Kinetics
Contents:
• Section A: What is rate?
• Section B: Measuring the rate of a reaction
• Section C: The collision theory
• Section D: Factors affecting the rate
• Section E: Catalysts
Section A: What is rate?
This plane has just flown 800 This petrol pump can pump
kilometres in 1 hour. It flew at a out petrol at a rate of 50
rate of 800 km per hour. liters per minute.
Rate of a chemical reaction
Typical results
Typical results
Typical results
The rate changes all through the
reaction. It is greatest at the
start, but decreases as the
reaction proceeds.
Frequency of collisions
Fraction of particles have E >Ea
Describe collision theory in terms of:
The rate of a reaction increases when the surface area of a solid reactant is increased.
By changing surface area
③ Explanations
By changing concentration
① Experiment
By changing concentration
③ Explanations
the frequency of
collisions increases.
By changing pressure
③ Explanations
the frequency of
collisions increases.
Explosion!
increase the rate of a reaction by increasing:
the concentration of a reactant
the temperature
the surface area of a solid reactant
⇦ A fire at a grain
silo in Ghent,
Belgium, after
wheat dust
exploded. Several
people were
injured.
By changing temperature
① Experiment
the speed of the reaction is inversely proportional to the time taken for the reaction to
finish:
By changing temperature
② Results and conclusions
By changing temperature
③ Explanations
Definition:
Principles:
③ Explanations
③ Explanations
③ Explanations