USE OF ENGLISH 1978 COMPREHENSION

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follows it.
PASSAGE A
All over the world till lately and in most of the world till today, mankind has been following the course of
nature: that is to say, it has been breeding up to the maximum. To let nature, take her course in the
reproduction of the human race may have made sense in an age in which we were also letting her take her
course in decimating mankind by the casualties of war, pestilence, and famine. Being human, we have at least
revolted against that senseless waste. We have started to impose on nature’s heartless play a humane new
order of our own. But when once man has begun to interfere with nature, he cannot afford to stop half way.
We cannot, with impunity, cut down the death-rate and at the same time, allow the birthrate to go on taking
nature’s course. We must consciously try to establish an equilibrium, or sooner or later, famine will stalk
abroad again.
1. The author observes that
A. war, pestilence and famine were caused by taiko the extravagance of nature
B. Nature was heartless and senseless
C. there was a time when uncontrolled birth made sense
D. It was wise at a time when mankind did not interfere with normal reproduction
E. nature was heartless in its reproductive process

2. Which of these statements does not express the option of the author?
A. Mankind has started to interfere with the work of nature
B. Many people had died in the past through want and disease
C. Mankind should not have the maximum number of children possible
D. Mankind should take care of its children
E. ' Man's present relationship with nature in matters of birth and death is a happy one.

3. Humane, as used in the passage means

A. sensible
B. wise
C. human
D. benevolent
E. thorough

4. 'We must consciously try to establish an equilibrium, implies that mankind must
A. realistically find an equation
B. strive not to be wasteful
C. deliberately try to fight nature
D. try to fight nature
E. purposely find a balance

5. The main idea of this passage is that

A. nature is heartless
B. man should control the birth rate
C. mankind will soon perish of starvation
D. pestilence causes more death than war
E. man should change-nature's course gradually

PASSAGE B
The endeavor to maintain proper standards of fairness in journalism must be pursued. It is fatally easy for the
journalist to deviate from the straight path. There is his natural desire to make a story' and insidious
temptation to twist facts to square with his paper's policy. Both are as indefensible as the framing of
misleading headlines for the sake of effect. The conscientious journalist must check any tendency to bias, and
guard against the dangers inherent in personal antipathies or friendships, and in traditional opposition
between rival schools of thought. When a political opponent, whose stupidity habitually provokes attack,
makes an effective speech, honesty requires that he be given credit for it. Where personal relationships might
make it easier and more congenial to keep silent than to criticize, the journalist must never forget his duty to
the public and the supreme importance of recording the truth.
6. When may a journalist have to act against his own
inclination?
A. "When his friends act stupidly
B. When he becomes weak and decrepit
C. When his enemies make a mistake
D. When his political opponents frame misleading headlines
E. After he has been given a bribe

7. A journalist would be able to uphold the tenets of his profession if

A. he seeks publicity
B. he tries to achieve popularity
C. he resists temptation to bias
D. he can manipulate his story to please his employers
E. He tries to protect his friends

8. 'Insidious' (line 2) means

A. subtle
B. wicked
D. unusual
E. wild
C. natural

9. A dutiful journalist must

A. read widely
B. have political acumen
C. make no enemies but friends
D. be able to make an effective speech
E. be able to recognize merit wherever found

10. The duty of the journalist to the public entails

A giving credit to his political enemies
B. keeping quiet when necessary
C. trying to 'make a story'
D. telling the truth
E. defending the weak
PASSAGE C
So far, I have been speaking of science in its universality viewed from the perspective of the world at large. For
in the context of our own country and our sister developing countries many of the factors. mentioned earlier
are not very important. For example, pollution, deterioration of the environment and population explosion
are not yet serious problems for us in this country. Let me now turn to a more specific area, namely, the
question of scientific choice for developing countries. There is no doubt that the role which science and
technology have played in the upliftment of the material and economic well-being of the developed nations
will, and does, influence the criteria that the Third World nations must choose in order to establish their
science policies and priorities. But the criteria to be used by these nations do not have to be the same as
those which have brought the developed countries to their present stage of evolution. For while human
beings have the same problems, their solutions, to be meaningful, will have to be sought within some relevant
frame of reference such as the available resources and expertise, social values, place and time in the historical
scale.
11. frame of reference in this passage means
A. point of information
B. range of authority
C. economic pattern
D. context of situation
E. wholesome choice

12. The writer apparently believes that through science and technology our country can achieve
A. peace and order
B. progress and material success
C. social values and universality
D. wealth and economic progress
E. military development and power

13. According to the passage, the basic consideration

for developing science and technology should be
three of the following: 1. technical know-how 2. availability of raw materials 3. Atmospheric pollution 4. the
people's tradition and beliefs 5. population 6. capital
A. 2, 1 and 6 only
B. 3, 2 and 4 only
C. 5, 3 and 6 only
D. 6, 5 and 4 only
E. 5, 2 and 6 only

14. The main idea of this passage is that

A. there is a yawning gap between the have and the have-nots
B. there is need to rid his countrymen from scourges of hunger, disease, ignorance and want
C. there could be atmospheric pollution and population explosion
D. the concerns of science and technology are the same in all countries
E. each nation must plan its development according to its needs and resources

15. the term 'our sister developing countries' implies

A. Britain, Gambia and Canada
B. Ghana, Germany and Togo
C. Russia, Switzerland and America
D. Liberia, Sierra-Leone and Gabon
E. China, India and Holland

PASSAGE D
These two factors, the altitude and the weather, tend separately and together to defeat the climber. The
height weakness, slows him down, it forces him to spend days and night in the course of his assault on the
summit: the weather, besides adding to the demands of his energy and moral fortitude, conspires to deny him
the time he needs to complete his mission Whereas in lower mountains and on easy ground the weather may
be no more than a handicap, in the high Himalayas it is decisive, regardless of terrain. The deduction to be
drawn from these two factors was clear enough. We must either so fortify ourselves that we could continue,
without detriment, to live and have our being above the limit of natural acclimatization, or better still, we
must solve the problem of speed. It was desirable, in fact, that we should meet both these requirements and
thus give to those chosen to attempt the summit and to their supporting teams some measure of insurance
against the vagaries of the weather, for safety in mountain climbing is as much a matter of swiftness as of
sureness of foot. Either or both could be achieved only by the administration of oxygen in sufficient quantities
to make up for the deficiency in the air, and for the duration of the upward journey above the limit of
successful acclimatization.
16. The author believes that to overcome the problem of altitude and weather, the climber needs mainly
A. courage and speed
B. energy and moral fortitude
C. sufficient quantities of oxygen
D. swiftness and sureness of foot
E. quick acclimatization

17. 'conspires' (line 3) means

А. ruins
B. makes secret plans
C. takes a wicked action
D. combines
E. aggravates

18. regardless of terrain' (line 5) means

А. even on easy ground
B. despite the nature of the ground
C. because of steeper gradients
D. swiftness and sureness of foot
E. without considering the handicap.

19. to live and have our being above the limit of natural acclimatization' (line 7) means
A. to be protected from the effects of the weather
B. to expect no protection from the bad weather
C. to survive under unnatural weather conditions
D. limit our natural desires to get acclimatized to the weather
E. none of the above

20. Which ONE of the following was NOT a reason for using oxygen?
А. it gave them psychological encouragement
B. it fortified them to live above the limit of natural acclimatization
C. it protected them against the unexpected how changes of the weather
D. It quickened their journey to the summit
E. It helped them to survive the worst

PASSAGE E
You dare not lift the veil that protects our tribal marriage customs and ceremonies from the eyes of outsiders.
There is already too little in this world that is sacred; and what Fatmata and I were required to go through
during the next week must remain so. I was deeply in debt by the time everything was over, but I was
absolutely satisfied with my parent's choice. Fatmata was as black as a satin, and as soft. She had the teeth
and smile of a goddess. The Dopo tutors had done their job well; she was a complete efficient lover and
mother. I brought her home with swelling pride, and began at once to save all I could spare towards the cost
of acquiring my second wife.
21. The evidence would seem to indicate that
A. the author adores his wife
B. he disapproves of her ways
C. he thinks she is extravagant
D. the author regrets the cause of his debt
E. she had not been properly brought up

22. When the author said My anti-Western revolt was gaining momentum' (line 7), he was referring to the fact
that
А. he did not like polygamy
B. he hated Europeans
C. he did not want to marry another wife
D. he admired everything about his wife
E. he revolted against European values

23. It would appear that the marriage had turned him into
A. a good worker B. a faithful husband
C. an incurable debtor
D. a tragic figure
E. a proud husband

24. Which one of the following is NOT true of the passage?

A. The lady was beautiful
B. The marriage cost a lot of money
C. The marriage was according to native law and custom
D. Fatmata never had an issue
E. The author wanted another wife

25. 'swelling' (line 6) means

A. jovial
B. great
C. remarkable
D. happy
E. growing

Choose the option that best conveys the meaning of the underlined portion in the following sentence;

26. In the match against the uplanders team, the sub mariners turned out to be the dark horse
A. played most brilliantly
B. played below their usual form
C. won unexpectedly
D. lost as expected
E. won as expected

27. Only the small fry get punished for such social misdemeanors
A. small boys
B. unimportant people
C. frightened people
D. frivolous people
E. inexperienced people

28. He spoke with his heart in his mouth

A. courageously
B. with such unusual cowardice
C. with a lot of confusion in his speech
D. without being able to make up his mind
E. with fright and agitation

29. The leader in today's issue of our popular newspaper focuses on inflation
A. president
B. headline
C. editorial
D. columnist
E. proprietor

30. From the ways my friend talks, you can see he is such a bore
A. rude
B. brilliant
C. uninteresting
D. overbearing
E. humorous

31. His jail terms were to run concurrently

A. simultaneously
B. uniformly
C. laboriously
D. consecutively
E. judiciously

32. There is some obvious symmetry in the whole presentation

A. confusion
B. hesitation
C. excitement
D. orderliness
E. dissatisfaction

33. The bill has to wait as we are now insolvent

A. overworked
B. bankrupt
C. unsettled
D. insoluble
E. affluent

34. All his plans fell through

A. failed
B. were accomplished
C. had to be reviewed
D. were rejected
E. fell

35. The balance sheet at the end of the business year shows that we broke even
A. lost heavily
B. made profit
C. neither lost nor gained
D. had no money to continue business
E. were heavily indebted to our bankers
36. He was appointed specifically to put the recruits through
A. assign them to work
B. train them
C. discipline them
D. assist them at work
E. supervise them at work

37. The result of his experiment represents a breakthrough in medical science

A. an outstanding success
B. catastrophe
C. an end to such experiments
D. breaking point
E. a colossal failure

38. Being an optimist, our professor always sees the bright side of most things
A. charming
B. illumined
C. brilliant
D. pleasing
E. cheerful

39. The state government appointed a commission of inquiry to go into the community's complaints carefully
and without prejudice
A. investigate
B. search
C. look for
D. account for
E. ascertain

40. The traffic situation in Lagos can lead to disastrous consequences; a man lost a very lucrative job because
he was held up by it
A. confused
B. delayed
C. annoyed
D. intrigued
E. obstructed

41. Mrs. Dada has been deserted by her husband because he feels she has a heart of stone
A. she has a heavy heart
B. she has little warmth of feeling
C. she has a hard heart
D. she is hard hearted
E. she has a strong heart
42. Mr. Jack could be a successful businessman if he paid more attention to the more intricate aspects of his
account
A. Mr. Jack will undoubtedly succeed
B. Mr. Jack cannot succeed
C. Jack will have a very good chance of succeeding
D. Mr. Jack will find it difficult to succeed
E. Mr. Jack will succeed in spite of all odds

43. If my father had not arrived, I would have starved. This sentence means
A. My father did arrive and I didn't starve
B. I had to starve because my father didn't come
C. my father didn't arrive and I didn't starve
D. I should have starved but I didn't
E. I had starved before my father arrived

44. The two sprinters were running neck and neck

A. exact level
B. very slowly
C. very fast
D. with their necks together
E. together

45. He stared at her

A. glanced
B. peeped
C. looked
D. gazed
E. fixed

46. When the man was caught by police, he presented a bold front
A. he attacked the policemen boldly
B. he walked up to the policemen
C. he faced the situation with apparent boldness
D. he bravely attempted to give them a present
E. he frowned at them in a defiant manner

47. I have been able to observe him at close quarters

A. in government house nearby
B. within a short space of time
C. in a small family house
D. at close range
E. at regular intervals
48. At the site of the ghastly accident the poor woman's hair stood on end
A. the woman's hair became straight
B. the wind blew her hair upwards
C. the woman was unmoved
D. the woman disarranged her hair
E. the woman was frightened

Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the option that most suitably fills the space;

49. When the beggar was tired, he .... down by the roadside
A. lied
B. laid
C. layed
D. lay
E. lain

50. He did not like .... leaving the class early

A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ourselves
E. our selves

51. Before the operation, the dentist found that his patient's teeth....
A. have long decayed
B. have long been decayed
C. have long being decayed
D. had long decayed
E. had been decayed

52. The employer, not the salesman and his representative .... responsible for the loss
A. are
B. are being
C. are never
D. have been
E. is

53. The boy was born before his parents actually got married and so the court has declared him ....
A. illegal
B. illegitimate
C. illicit
D. unlawful
E. untenable
54. As he was still owing me two naira, I was careful not to .... him any more money
A. lend
B. loan
C. borrow
D. extend
E. credit

55. Last week the .... at the theater was the longest I had ever seen
A. assembly
B. congregation
C. convention
D. audience
E. crowd

56. If you travel by air you will be given an allowance to cover ....
A. a luggage
B. luggage
C. luggages
D. a baggage
E. baggages

57. Tennyson and Browning lived about the same time and therefore .... poets
A. contrary
B. contractual
C. contemporaneous
D. contemporary
E. contemptible

58. The green snake which lives in the green grass is using a perfect ....
A. ambush
B. under cover
C. camouflage
D. shelter
E. subterfuge

59. In order to carry out necessary examination the dead body was ....
A. extracted
B. extradited
C. exiled
D. expelled
E. exhumed

60. Remember this matter is strictly ....

A. between you and I
B. among you and me
C. among you and me
D. between you and me
E. between you and myself

61. He went abroad with a view .... a business partner

A. to find
B. to be finding
C. to have found
D. to finding
E. he will find

62. He had just entered the office .... the telephone rang
A. as
B. before
C. since
D. when
E. until

63. They .... receive visitors on short notice.

A. use to
B. are used to
C. used to
D. are always
E. are use to

64. His suggestion are completely .... the point and cannot be accepted
A. to
B. about
C. beside
D. on
E. under

65. For .... he is a secretary we shall not have correct minutes

A. because
B. as long as
C. so long
D. in as much
E. although

66. He went up quickly and returned ....

A. fastest
B. fastly
C. as fastly
D. as fast
E. in fastness

67. Invariably, he ends his letters .... amicably

A. you
B. your's
C. yours'
D. yours
E. your own

68. If I went to the cinema I .... early

A. shall return
B. am returning
C. would return
D. had return
E. may return

69. The traditional folktales form an .... to the book

A. index
B. insertion
C. information
D. overview
E. appendix

70. the frightening explosion in the factory .... whole wing

A. washed out
B. wiped out
C. rooted out
D. flushed out
E. cleared out

71. Our plane was scheduled to .... at 10.00 hrs. but it was delayed because of the bad weather
A. fly out
B. take off
C. start out
D. shoot off
E. lift off

72. As luck would have it, the weather brightened almost immediately and after six hours flight we .... at
Heathrow Airport
A. touched down
B. dropped
C. came down
D. flew down
E. stopped

73. Before we left the airport, each passenger was made to .... certain form
A. fill in
B. write in
C. enter in
D. go through
E. read out

74. My father cannot bear the .... of the concoction that emanates from my mother’s soup pot
A. sweet
B. savoring
C. aroma
D. smell
E. scent

75. I would not have condescended to appease the traffic policeman but I happened .... traffic regulation
A. to have broken
B. to be breaking
C. to break
D. to break in
E. to have evaded

76. The managing director did not pay his staff last month ...?
A. didn't he
B. had he not
C. is not it
D. did he
E. has he

77. Although he is in all respects a poor student, he has managed to buy a tape recorder to improve his .... of
French
A. mastery
B. mastering
C. speaking
D. ideas
E. thinking

78. Granted you are my senior by one year, you cannot .... me around as if I were your servant
A. control
B. dribble
C. order
D. ask
E. compel
79. .... mark an important step in the history of industrial revolution
A. The invention of the locomotive engine
B. The discovery of locomotion
C. The discovery of the engine
D. The process of locomotion

80. Because the referee was partial and his opponent rough, the loser of the wrestling match received ....
cheers than the winner
A. thunderous
B. many more
C. overwhelming
D. a little more
E. several

81. The boxer was highly rated .... his doggedness and ability to absorb heavy punches
A. by
B. through
C. for
D. about
E. in

82. Many lives are lost on Nigerian roads .... lack of consideration for other road users by many crazy drivers
A. in view of
B. resulting in
C. owing totally to
D. through
E. by

83. The man no longer feared his opponent after their spokesman had assured him that they were well
disposed .... him
A. to
B. toward
C. around
D. about
E. for

84. My little boy is hyper-active and he is therefore prone .... accidents

A. with respect to
B. for
C. to
D. about
E. as regards
85. His horrible high-pitched laugh .... on my nerves
A. jags
B. jabs
C. jams
D. jars
E. jeers

86. The train rattled along .... full speed

A. in
B. at
C. with
D. by
E. on

87. You would have thought that somebody would have informed me ….
A. shouldn’t they
B. wouldn’t you
C. I should think
D. You agree
E. isn’t it

88. If this had happened to you, what ......?

A. would you do
B. have you done
C. would you have done
D. will you do
E. would you be doing

89. What a relief that the strike .... when it did!

A. would end
B. was ending
C. ended
D. has ended
E. is ending

90. We should take care .... the robbers come back

A. may be
B. should in case
C. perhaps
D. probably
E. in case

91. By the time the rainy season ended, all the young cocoa trees .... in size
A. have double
B. had doubled
C. were doubling
D. doubled
E. will double

92. There were so many children ....

A. that she couldn't feed them all
B. than she could feed
C. that she couldn't feed
D. that she could feed them all
E. more than she could feed them all

93. Isn't it high time you .... your office?

A. are leaving
B. do leave
C. leave
D. left
E. did leave

94. In West Africa the .... of sickle cell is about 25 percent

A. incident
B. incidence
C. accident
D. accidence
E. incense

95. We got to the hall after the play ....

A. is started
B. was starting
C. had started
D. has started
E. would start

Substitute for the underlined word in the following sentence the word that most closely expresses
the opposite meaning:

96. The plaintiff made very cogent submissions to the trail judge
A. bailiff
B. prosecutor
C. lawyer
D. defendant
E. accused
Choose the option which is nearest in meaning to the sentences in each of the following questions:

97. We visited the home of one boy. That’s the boy I mean
A. That’s the boy whom we visited his home
B. That’s the boy whose home we visited
C. That’s the boy to whose home we visited
D. That’s the boy whom we visited the home
E. That’s the boy the home of whom we visited

98. The dog was limping. It appeared that one of its legs might have been injured
A. The dog was limping as if it had an injured leg
B. The dog was limping as it had an injured leg
C. The dog was limping so it had an injured leg
D. The dog was limping so as it had an injured leg
E. The dog was limping for it had an injured leg

99. I can walk that distance and have done so many times
A. I am used to walk that distance
B. I used to walk that distance
C. I used to walking that distance
D. I am used to walking that distance
E. I will walk that distance

100. For all he cared, his parent might have been dead for years
A. although concern about his parent, he had been unable to find out if they were alive
B. He cared for no one except his parents, and it was possible that they had died long before
C. he did not care whether his parents were alive or had died long before
D. He was concerned about everyone not just his parents, who might have died long before
E. He cared very much for his parents even though they were dead
USE OF ENGLISH 1979 COMPREHENSION

Read each passage and answer the questions that follow;

Foreign Language Learning

PASSAGE A
The learning of a foreign language should be an integral part of every university student's education. As a
discipline, it affords the mind excellent training. It utilizes skills needed in so many other subjects: the
concentration required for memorizing music (not to mention developing the ear for tone and pitch). The
logical thinking for resolving mathematical problems, even the deductive reasoning capabilities needed to
comprehend philosophical concepts. The mind is stretched through the simple act of learning the grammatical
patterns, vocabulary and phonological system of a language. At the same time, the student of a foreign
language is acquiring a useful tool. This tool has a double advantage, for while most people (especially
teachers) expound on the rewards of being able to communicate in a second, third or fourth language,
perhaps the more promising of the two, is being able to understand and hopefully appreciate another cultural
group through their literature, their music and customs all of which are best assimilated through the medium
of their language.

1. An appropriate title for the article from which this passage is taken could be:
A. The need for foreign language learning in Universities
B. An apology for the study of foreign languages in Nigerian Universities
C. The need for studying French and Kiswahili in our colleges and Universities
D. Why a foreign language should be studied by all who study music, mathematics or philosophy
E. the pros and cons of foreign language learning in Nigerian Universities

2. According to the passage, the main reward for a foreign language learner is
A. the ability to speak another language
B. being able to teach the language
C. being able to learn mathematics or music in a foreign language
D. expanding the mind to acquire new knowledge and skills
E. none of the above

3. Which of the following statements is not made in the passage?

А. All students should study a language in the University
B. Foreign language learning enables one to appreciate other people's culture
C. Teachers emphasize ability to communicate as a reward to foreign language learning
D. Foreign language learning helps the study of other subjects
E. Foreign language learners are usually better students than others

4. 'Discipline' as used in the above passage means

А. punishment
B. lecture
C. Skill
E. subject

PASSAGE B
They hung around together, the boys from the school up on the hill. School was over. They were expecting the
result. One or two got teaching jobs in St. Alban's College. It is one of the post-war secondary schools that
sprang up in the city because serious people felt the educational need of the country, and possessed a sharp
nose for smelling quick money. Boys from up country who were eager to learn, whose parents had a little
money, but who could not get into the big schools like Achimota and Mfantsipim in Cape Coast, rushed to the
new schools, secured lodgings with distant relatives, and bought for a relatively cheap amount some sort of
education. His friend Sammy was the history master from Form One to Five and was also put in charge of
sports in the distant hope that the school would one day get its own playing field near the mental hospital.
There were six hundred students who were all day boys; classes were held in Dr. Dodu's house. The house was
originally built by a man of wealth and a large family. The bedrooms, of which there were eight, were turned
into classrooms; toilets were knocked into pantries to provide additional classrooms for the ever-growing
population of the school. Mr. Anokye, a retired pharmacist, owned the school. He laid great emphasis on
science, being a science man himself. He wore a small-rimmed pair of glasses which made him look like one of
those little black cats on Christmas cards. He had a small voice which squeaked with akpeteshie, and a breath
like the smell of gunpowder. He had spent many years at Korle Bu Hospital where he drank the methylated
spirit meant to be supplied to laboratory assistants. He was dedicated to learning, a scholar in many ways. He
knew Archimedes' principle. Whenever he shouted, during terminal examinations, his battle cry of Eureka!
Eureka! then he had caught someone cheating, someone looking over his mate's answer sheet. Mr. Anokye
came from a long line of scholars. He claimed his grandfather went to England with Reverend T. A. Barnes,
D.D.. who was the Anglican Bishop of Cape Coast Diocese from 1896 to 1909. He was dedicated to his work.
He interviewed Sammy himself, questioned him about his parentage and religious background, listened to him
carefully, and decided to appoint him on a salary of six pounds per month pending the outcome of his
Cambridge School Certificate examination. He questioned him closely on history, especially the Glorious
Revolution, and Oliver Cromwell.

5. St. Alban's College was founded because

A. the war was over
B. there were no other colleges in the country
C. founding a college required quick money
D. the need for education was seriously felt
E. boys from the interior were eager to learn

6. Boys who went to St. Alban's College were those who:

А. could easily have gone into either Achimota door Mfansipim if they wanted
B. for some reasons were not admitted into schools like Achimota and Mfansimpi
C. rushed into the new school, did not want to live in the boarding houses at Achimota or Mfansipim
D. wanted only cheap education

7. We know that the St. Alban's College was in the pioneering state because
A. only pupils of poor homes were admitted into
B. all the students were day boys
C. the emphasis was on science
D. Mr. Anokye owned it
E. it did not even have a playing field

8. Which of the following statements about Mr. Anokye is false?

A. He supported the teaching of science
B. He abstained from drinking alcohol
C. he never condoned cheating during examinations
D. His parents were educated Christians
E. He had studied science in school

9. Mr. Anokye would shout 'Eureka!'

A. after he had drunk methylated spirit
B. to show that he knew Archimedes'
C. whenever he caught a boy cheating during an examination
D. whenever he wanted to go into battle
E. in order to frighten the boys.

PASSAGE C
The earthly paradises of Bali and of the South Sea Islands, and the gentle, non-acquisitive civilization of Burma
have been aptly described and romanticized. One can add to them the Nicobar Islands, where a small
population lives happily on a very low cultural level but perhaps the most remarkable and the least known of
these earthly paradises is the small kingdom of Hunza in the Himalayas, which was recently visited and
enthusiastically described by the journalist, Noel Barber (Daily Mail, 5, 6, 8 June 1962). A fair-skinned
population of 18,000, they live in a fertile and almost inaccessible valley not far from the Sinkiang border,
8,000 feet up. A legend has it that they are the descendants of three deserters from the army of Alexander
the Great, who settled here with Persian wives - which make one inclined to believe the pacifism may be
hereditary, because these people had no war in 2,000 years. They have no money, no crime, and no diseases,
they rarely die before ninety. Their Psychosomatic control is almost unbelievable, childbirth is painless and
toothache, a joke, they keep their numbers stationary without contraceptives, and without abortion, but by
sheer abstinence though Noel Barber saw the new born son of a chuckling father aged eighty-nine. Their diet,
which consists mostly of apricots and raw vegetables, may have something to do with their unshakeable
serenity. It makes one gasp with surprise that human nature can be like this. One is reminded of Huxley's
Island, but unlike the Palanese, the Hunza people have no art, only serenity!

10. It is said in the passage that Noel Barber has

A. visited all the earthly paradises
B. visited only the Nicobar Islands
C. Visited Hunza in the Himalayas
D. visited Hunza in the Himalayas on 5, 6 and 8 June 1962
E. not done on any of the above

11. The civilizations of Burma and Nicobar Islands are

A. alike because both are romanticized
B. alike because both operate at low cultural level
C. alike because one is gentle and non-acquisitive and the other operates at a low cultural level
D. not alike because Burma has been described but the Nicobar Islands have not
E. not alike because the Nicobar Islands have a small population, and Burma has a large population.

12. The Kingdom of Hunza had no war in 2,000 year.

This
A. proves that pacifism is hereditary
B. suggest that pacifism may be hereditary
C. shows that Alexander the Great was their ancestor, and he hated wars
D. is because they deserted the army of Alexander the Great
E. is because they could not fight

13. Why is toothache a joke in Hunza?

A. it provides so much fun for the people
B. They joke to relieve its pain
C. Because they have no cure for it, it is better to joke about it
D. Civilized people must joke when they have toothache
E. Toothache is unknown
14. To say that the Hunza people have, serenity means they are
A. Cultured
B. Contented
C. artistic
D. friendly
E. romantic

15. Which of the following statements is not true of

the Hunza people?
Ą. They have no money
B. There are no crimes
C. They have had no wars
D. They live till a ripe old age
E. They have no diseases

PASSAGE D
There is one fascinating question that arises out of the contemplation of mud sculpture. Why should anybody
use unbaked mud, the most perishable of materials. Is it because no other materials are readily available? The
question is not easy to answer definitely. Mud is? of course, the cheapest and most readily available material.
Yet there is ample proof that mud is not used merely because it is easy to get hold of and cheap. Many Igbo
Mbari houses are the only buildings in the village that have an imported corrugated iron roof - which proves
that the people who built them shun no cost to make them look important. In all the areas where I have seen
mud, sculpture, wood carving and brass casting are also known and practiced. In Yoruba country, stone is also
used as a medium of sculpture. One important thing to realize is that different materials are not necessarily
used because they have lasting, durable qualities. In Yoruba country today, brass can only be used by Oshun
or Ogboni worshippers. Ivory can only be used by Obatala worshippers, copper by Sonponna, iron by Ogun
and so on. Materials are used for their mystic properties of absorbing or repelling human radiation. The
Obatala worshipper uses ivory as a protection, in the sense that it is protecting him from the destructive
psychic influences of a man whose mentality is basically different or opposed to his. Similarly, Oshun
worshippers use brass figures in their shrines – not because brass lasts longer than wood, but because brass
possesses certain magical qualities that are sacred to Oshun. It is not difficult to understand why mud is
considered the appropriate medium for Ala (the Igbo earth goddess). Olokun (the Bini god of the ocean), or
Legba (originally an earth god of the Fon). The fact that the material is perishable and sometimes does not
even last five years does not enter into the consideration. One does not interfere with the natural life of a
carving. When it perishes, a new one simply has to be made.

16. The Igbos often use corrugated iron for the roofs of their Mbari houses
А. in order to make them look important
B. in order to protect the mud walls
C. because it lasts longer than thatch
D. because it is less imposing than thatch
E. because it is expensive
17. Different materials are chosen because
A. they are considered suitable
B. some are difficult to obtain
C. they are used by different worshippers of the same god
D. they are thought to have particular physical powers
E. they are associated with different deities

18. Basically' as used in the above passage means

A. entirely
B. completely
C. necessarily
D. simply
E. essentially

19. The durability of a carving

A. is not considered important
B. is less than five years
C. should not be interfered with
D. is natural
E. is related to its mystic properties

20. It seems probable that mud is used for sculpture primarily because
А. It is cheap
B. it is thought to have a particular significance
C. it is easy to obtain
D. it has the quality of durability
E. other materials are thought to have supernatural powers

PASSAGE E

No journey can be quite so soothing as a voyage on the Nile from Cairo to Philae. Day after day as you sail
upstream nothing in the general pattern changes. Tonight's incredibly bright stars are the same as last nights
and tomorrows. Each new bend in the river discloses the same buffalo circling his waterwheel, the same
pigeon lofts on the houses, the same dark Egyptian faces swathed in white. The banks are surprisingly green, a
patch-work of rice fields and sugar cane, of palms and eucalyptus, and then beyond them, like a frame set
around a picture, one sees the desert and the hills. There is always a movement somewhere, but it is of a
gentle, ambulatory kind, and one feels oneself going along in a rhythm with the processions of camels and
donkeys on the bank, and the feluccas gliding by, and the buffalo, released at last from his wheel, sliding to
the blessed coolness of the water in the evening. Occasionally, a whiff of humanity comes out from the mud-
hut villages on the shore, and it contains traces of the smoke of cooking fires, of dried cow-dung and of
Turkish coffee, of some sweet and heavy scent, famine perhaps, and of water sprinkled on the dust. It is not
unpleasant. Lying on deck, one idly observes the flight of birds, one dreams, one lets the hours go by, and
nothing can be more satisfying than the sight of the brown pillars of a ruined temple that has been standing
alone on the edge of the desert from the last two thousand years. This is the past joining the present in a
comfortably deceptive glow and the traveler, like a spectator in a theatre, remains detached from both. He
would not for the world live in the dust and squalor of these villages he finds so picturesque, and the ancient
ruins he has come to see do not really evoke the early civilization of the Egyptians.
21. The journey up the Nile is very soothing because
A. it is very slow
B. the scenery doesn't change much
C. the general pattern changes from day to day
D. There is not much activity on the bank
E. there are few people to be seen

22. Which of the following statements is true of the buffaloes?

A. they are all exactly the same
B. They are to be seen on the bends of the river
C. They sometimes get drowned in the river
D. They are allowed to rest during the heat of the day
E. They drive the waterwheels in the day time

23. The presence of people on the shore

A. is often apparent
B. becomes apparent when they come out of their huts
C. reminds the traveler of their humanity
D. is indicated by the smells from the villages
E. prevents the traveler from feeling lovely

24. Which of the following suggests that the country

is a land of ancient civilization?
A. Egyptian faces swathed in white
B. The palms and eucalyptus
C. The mud-hut villages
D. The patchwork of rice fields
E. the brown pillars

25. Which of the following statements is true of the traveler in this passage
A. He likes being idle
B. He would not like to live in the villages
С. He would like to see temples in ruins
D. He finds the smell of the villages unbearable
E. he felt a deceptive glow

Choose the expression or word which best complete each sentence:

26. .... for the team for six years, he decided to join another
A. When he played
B. Playing
C. Having played
D. In playing
E. when he was playing

27. The bridge connecting the two cities was .... by the enemy
A. blown up
B. blown down
C. blown off
D. blown over
E. blown away

28. My little boy is suffering .... jaundice

A. from
B. of
C. for
D. with
E. by

29. They went to the market and bought a suitcase and .... bag
A. a big leather brown
B. a leather brown big
C. a big brown leather
D. a brown big leather
E. a leather big brown

30. By the end of this year, .... in this town for eleven years
A. I’m living
B. I’d be living
C. I’ll live
D. I’ll have lived
E. I have lived

31. If he had left home earlier, he .... late

A. would not be
B. would have not be
C. would not been
D. would have been not
E. would not have been

32. I saw you walking in that direction but I did not know exactly ....
A. where are you going
B. where you were going
C. where were you going to
D. to where were you going
E. where you are going

33. The hill behind the town was so steep ....

A. that no man could find a foot-hold on
B. that any man could find a foot-hold on it
C. for no man to find a foot-hold on
D. that no man could find a foot-hold on it
E. for any man to find a foot-hold on

34. Walking down the street ....

A. the boy was knocked down by a car
B. a car knocked the boy down
C. the boy was knocked down by car
D. a car collided with the boy
E. a serious accident happened

35. The project which seemed very near realization .... because of lack of funds
A. fell over
B. fell through
C. fell off
D. fell in
E. fell down

36. The chairman of the company was very sympathetic .... his staff
A. to
B. at
C. for
D. from
E. on

37. Jane asked James ....

A. whether could she meet him later
B. could she meet him later
C. if she could meet him later
D. she could meet him later
E. that she could meet him later

38. She doesn’t have to attend the lecture …...?

A. doesn’t she
B. is she
C. has she
D. does she
E. isn’t it
39. After our series of quarrels, it would be ....to pretend that I have any more regard for him
A. hypothetical
B. essential
C. hypocritical
D. necessary
E. inevitable

40. If the company had any delay at the customs office, it was .... their own making
A. at
B. of
C. from
D. with
E. through

41. There is an obvious need to ward .... enemy attacks

A. away
B. against
C. out
D. apart
E. off

42. David can only become more mature through .... to life outside his home
A. posting
B. exposure
C. exposition
D. exposing
E. positioning

43. Many of those who .... the country's educational policy have taught for many years
A. developed
B. fabricate
C. organize
D. scheme
E. formulate

44. Mr. Thomas talked .... about the successes of his institute in the past year
A. at a great length
B. for great length
C. at great length
D. for a great length
E. at great lengths

45. The governor commended the society's .... services to the nation
A. humanitarian
B. humanist
C. humanity
D. humanistic
E. human

46. The member of the panel were ....

A. discussing about it
B. discussing on it
C. discussing upon it
D. discussing it
E. discussing around it

47. This writer analyses the evil society ....

A. so masterly
B. very masterly
C. in such a masterly way
D. in a masterly way
E. in so masterly a way

48. The Nigerian society of Engineers has set up .... to study the nation's problems
A. a brain trust
B. a tribunal
C. an inquiring
D. an inquest
E. a task force

49. It was a long poem but he learnt it ....

A. off head
B. in memory
C. by heart
D. at heart
E. from memory

Choose the correct option that completes the following sentence:

50. The young teacher was surprised that his promotion was approved by the old inspector who is generally
known to ....
A. be generous
B. be friendly to young people
C. like young people
D. be hard to please
E. be very careful

Complete the following with the appropriate answer to the question:

51. John would you mind lifting this box?
A. yes, I mind
B. no, I don't
C. no, I do
D. yes, I don't mind
E. no I mind

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined statement or words:

52. Had she asked me earlier, I might have been able to employ him
A. I employed her
B. I did not employ him
C. I did not employ her
D. I employed him
E. I employ neither of the two

53. If he were to apologize, I would probably forgive him

A. I shall not forgive him even if he apologize
B. he is likely to apologize and be forgiven
C. I shall definitely forgive him if he apologizes
D. if he apologize, I shall decide whether or not to forgive him
E. he will not apologize and I will not forgive him

54. As he was a gullible leader his followers took advantage of him

A. He was weak and unable to enforce his authority
B. He was partial and unfair in dispensing justice
C. He was simple minded to a fault
D. He was slow to act
E. He was lacking in education and experience in everyday affair

55. His summary of the meeting was brief and to the point
A. careful
B. precise
C. accurate
D. exact
E. crucial

56. Do you have the same aversion as I do for way film?

A. bitterness
B. dislike
C. criticism
D. indignation
E. preference
57. I didn't think she could be so easily taken in by his pretenses
A. flattered
B. deceived
C. enamored
D. overcome
E. blackmailed

58. The crux of the matter is that the president has just become aware of the mismanagement
A. The part of the problem that has just surfaced
B. The result of the matter
C. The most important aspect of the problem
D. The ways to solved the problem
E. The moment of crisis

59. The witness was guilty of swearing to a statement he knew to be false

A. forgery
B. perjury
C. libel
D. slander
E. affidavit

60. The story told by the suspect was difficult to believe

A. incredulous
B. credible
C. incredible
D. credulous
E. ridiculous

61. Publishers say that newsprint has become more expensive

A. newspaper
B. paper for printing
C. printers' salaries and wages
D. fines for publishing libels
E. publishing news

62. After completing half of the journey, all the travelers could do was trudge along
A. walk lazily
B. run briskly
C. walk and stop intermittently
D. walk wearily
E. walk with determination

63. He got a standing ovation for his speech

A. He stood up to receive the applause
B. The audience stood up and applauded as he finished his speech
C. Both he and the audience stood up at the end of his speech
D. He stood up to make the speech
E. He was applauded for the speech

64. Most of his observations were wide of the mark

A. comprehensive
B. irrelevant
C. pertinent
D. came rather late
E. unacceptable

65. The clerk refused to answer for the mistake made by the manager and his assistants
A. to reply to
B. to give an answer
C. to explain
D. to accept responsibility
E. to account for

66. Good citizens should take the part of a good government when it is being attacked by the foreign press
A. speak in support
B. explained the part played
C. act like a representative of
D. emphasize the progress made by
E. outline the virtues of

67. The politicians have a number of peculiarities. The most conspicuous is the way he gesticulates when
making a serious point
A. shows anxiety when making a serious point
B. breaks down when talking seriously
C. uses is hands and arms as a sign
D. bows his head in humility to the crowd
E. shakes his head from one side to the other

68. In spite of the loud music, John soon managed to fall asleep
A. the loud music soon helped John to fall asleep
B. John soon fell asleep as a result of the loud music
C. the loud music made John despise sleep
D. the loud music made John unable to fall asleep
E. John soon fell asleep even though the music was loud

69. My headmaster is getting old. His mates have been retired. But because of his zeal for work, he has been
retained
A. My headmaster is strong
B. My headmaster is cheerful
C. My headmaster is friendly
D. My headmaster is enthusiastic about his job
E. My headmaster’s activity at work is unparalleled

70. He heard the loud noise of the huge air-raid siren

A. buzz
B. crack
C. rumble
D. whistle
E. wail

71. He has a big heart but he inept at following a witty conversion

A. Large
B. huge
C. warm
D. placid
E. fragile

72. He took a quick look at the poor man, shook his head and took to his heels
A. glanced at
B. viewed
C. observed
D. gazed at
E. spied

73. One of the stages of the creative process is the incubation period. This refer to the period when
A. the idea is firmly fixed through repetition
B. the person suddenly comes upon the idea
C. the person thinks over the idea
D. the idea yields concrete result
E. the idea is given up

Choose the word/expression which best completes each sentence:

74. The giant hydro-electric project is among the .... colonial rule in Southern Africa.
A. inheritance
B. remnants
C. legacies
D. evidence
E. trappings

75. During the inaugural address, the president .... the activities of his government for the past four years
A. reiterated
B. reviewed
C. restated
D. recited
E. resumed

76. the world bank team which visited the land-lock country .... a bleak economic future for it
A. forecast
B. thought of
C. discovered
D. prophesied
E. projected

77. We travelled all night and arrived .... the Oyo motor park at six o'clock in the morning
A. by
B. inside
C. on
D. in
E. at

78. We ought to stay away .... the robbers come back

A. provided
B. should in case
C. although
D. in case
E. since

79. The principal will be going away on leave. In his absence, the Vice-Principal will …... the school
A. take over
B. carry one
C. look after
E. overlook

80. The new leader has a good intention, but he is unable to ....
A. carry them with him
B. carry them out
C. carry them on
D. carry them all
E. carry them well

81. Ikorodu is not far from here, it is only an ....

A. hour of driving
B. hour's drive
C. hour by driving
D. hour in driving
E. hours’ drive

82. Do you know if the new teacher .... yet?

A. is arrived
B. will be arriving
C. has arrived
D. had arrived
E. has been arriving

83. Had he known he .... away

A. will go
B. will be going
C. would have gone
D. may be going
E. is going

84. It is time we ....

A. should be going
B. ought to go
C. are going
D. went
E. go

85. He sent the children out to play .... he might be alone

A. because
B. so that
C. yet
D. since
E. while

86. He played the piano .... an hour or two

A. around
B. in about
C. during
D. while
E. for

87. The solution to the problem has so far .... the scientist
A. defied
B. allured
C. eluded
D. denied
E. avoided
88. The teacher asked if she .... seen her boyfriend recently
A. has
B. have
C. was
D. had
E. will have

89. You .... to know better than an illiterate farmer

A. are suppose
B. are supposed
C. suppose
D. have supposed
E. are supposing

90. How will the committee's decision .... you?

A. influence
B. treat
C. bore
D. harass
E. afflict

91. The benefit one gets from watching plays .... comparable to that found in taking a university course in
drama
A. is
B. was
C. were
D. are
E. being

92. The candidate looked .... after finishing the examination

A. unhappily
B. lazily
C. wonderfully
D. angrily
E. unhappy

93. The boycott of classes last year by under-graduates resulted .... the temporary closure of Nigerian
Universities
A. to
B. in
C. from
D. at
E. into
94. The head of state in his new year broadcast to the nation emphasized the need for Nigerians to regard ....
as member of the same family
A. themselves
B. one another
C. each other
D. yourselves
E. their selves

95. The executive President honored the messenger with the Grand Commander of the Niger award .... his
industries and meritorious services to the nation
A. on recognition of
B. in gratitude for
C. in recognition to
D. by recognition of
E. in recognition of

96. The neighbor’s children always make ... when she is not at home
A. noises
B. lots of noise
C. plenty of noise
D. lots of noise
E. a lot of noise

97. In 1966, the Military .... because of the tragic failure of the civilian politicians
A. took to power
B. undertook power
C. marched into power
D. came to power
E. arrived to power

98. A society .... individuals each of whom has his attributes and distinct characteristics
A. is constituted of
B. comprises of
C. consists of
D. contains of
E. is made from

99. Biliaminu sent the expensive present to one Miss Sanda of the United African Organization and not to ....
of the Central Bank of Nigeria
A. the Miss Sanda
B. Miss Sanda
C. a Miss Sanda
D. one Miss Sanda
E. some Miss Sanda

100. The Land Decree does not concern itself with achieving .... in landed property ownership, since those
who already own large estates can keep them for good
A. equality
B. balance
C. fifty-fifty
D. sanity
E. efficiency

ANSWERS 1979

USE OF ENGLISH 1980 COMPREHENSION

Read each passage carefully and answer the question that follow
PASSAGE A
The great herald of things to come was Ezekiel, not only in the sense that he predicted the future, but also
became in the manner and content of his prophetic ministry, he foreshadowed many of the important
religious developments, which were characteristics of the age after the Exile.

He, rather than Ezra, was the founder of Judaism. He not only pointed forward; but as well shall see, he
represented some of the great elements in Israel’s religious past.
The book which bears his name is outwardly impressive in its orderliness and symmetry and in the careful
chronologic al arrangement of its contents. It purports to present the record of prophecies uttered in the
Babylonian Exile between 593 and 571 B.C and for long this was not seriously questioned. Even when other
prophetic books have been dissected and assigned to sundry authors and editors, this book continued to be
regarded by most scholars as having come into its entirety from Ezekiel. Then came a period in which many
extreme theories were advanced, assigning much of it to other hands or presupposing complicated processes
of editorial revision, or dating the book to a period much later than the Babylonian Exile, or maintaining that
Ezekiel’s ministry was not exercised in Babylonia but in Palestine, or at least was begun there. Such theories
have been subjected to damaging criticism and are now somewhat discredited. The account of Ezekiel’s
ministry and teaching is based on the view that he lived and worked among the exile in Babylonia, at the
period indicated, and the bulk of the material in the book comes from him, though, like other prophetic
collections, it owes much in its complication, arrangement and transmission to prophetic disciple
1. Ezekiel was a great herald of things to come because
A. he was a prophet
B. he preached about events which were to characterized the period after the exile
C. God showed him what was going to happen after exile
D. he ran a prophetic ministry
E. God was with him

2. in his work, Ezekiel

A. was friendly with Ezra
B. founded Judaism in conjunction with Ezra
C. had a large religious following
D. forged a link between the past and the future
E. demonstrated that he was a man of God

3. By and large critics of Ezekiel and his work were

A. successful
B. ungodly
C. unsuccessful
D. jealous
E. angered by his acceptance

4. when other prophetic book where discredited, Ezekiel's book was accepted because
A. the people loved him
B. the other prophetic writers were not an original
C. the critics were biased in their judgement
D. he was a great prophet
E. his work was convincingly documented

5. The account of Ezekiel’s ministry was

A. complied with the collaboration of others
B. his and his alone
C. shared by many writers
D. partly composed by him and partly by Ezra
E. produced as a result of God’s inspiration

PASSAGE B
Although our aim is to nurture healthy children, Nigerian children are still subjected to severe physical and
mental stress as they develop.
So far, our interest and activities have been to ensure their physical well-being through the reduction of high
mortality and morbidity rates, still inadequate as this may be. But we need to examine from time to time the
other needs of the Nigerian child which will ensure a totally healthy development.
We are split between two cultures – our traditional and the Western, a relic of our colonial past. This also
affects our child-rearing practices. Therefore, these practices must have a very important bearing on how the
child is prepared for our world of today so that he fits into our disturbed cultural milieu.
Different styles of child-rearing and education can produce different personalities in terms of motivation,
aggressiveness, achievement and integration of the individual into the community socially and culturally. It is
important that, while we struggle with the visible organic disease, we fix our gaze on the other important
measures to attain this end – a healthy child.
The process of social adjustment begins from the moment of birth. Many of our traditional birth practices
ensure that the mother either carries or suckles her child immediately after birth. The baby therefore comes
into close contact with the mother at this critical time.
Moreover she is forced to stay indoors with the baby for varying periods of time. By this means, the
attachment of the baby to the mother, so essential for the child’s ability to relate to her in future is secured.
This crucial moment in the baby’s life is now being recognized in the Western countries, whilst birth practices
in some hospital and maternity homes separate mother and child immediately after birth to the extent that
their ability to develop a close relationship may be jeopardized.
Our Nigerian child of today may, therefore, be worse off than that of yesterday. As we move towards the
training of our traditional birth attendants with a view to incorporating them into our health services, healthy
practices such as the one described above must be maintained and encouraged

6. in the passage, there is an attempt to explain that to ensure a totally healthy child
A. it is necessary to concentrate on the child's physical well-being alone
B. it is essential to reduce the high child mortality and morbidity rate
C. it is necessary to take care of other things in addition to the child's physical well-being
D. it is important to keep to the rules of hygiene
E. it is necessary to copy foreign ways of bringing up children

7. it is said that differences in ways of bringing up children and educating them

A. achieve the same results
B. are reflected in the personalities, attitudes and achievements of the individual
C. make people aggressive
D. have nothing to do with educational attainments
E. are a matter of the cultural background of the people
8. since the training for social adjustment begins from the moment of birth, our traditional practices
A. are too uncivilized to be helpful to the child
B. need to be modernized
C. are very helpful to the proper growth of the child
D. make the child a stranger to modern civilization
E. are the cause of underdevelopment

9. in spite of the fact that the Western country now recognize the importance of the early period of childhood
in forming a relationship, Nigerian hospital and maternity home.
A. copy the wrong Western practice not being criticized in Western countries
B. improve on local practices and make the future of the child secure
C. ensure that the child is brought up in the right way
D. ensure that the child develops the right skills for establishing relationships
E. do not know which practice to choose

10. unless the training of our traditional birth attendants is based on healthy practices
A. our children will be under-developed
B. our children will be worse off than those brough up in the traditional way
C. our medical services will be unable to provide the right services
D. our economic progress will be adversely affected
E. the role of the mother will be rendered useless

PASSAGE C
Over the years there has been this hue and cry by government and the public policy advisers against the
phenomenon of the rural-urban drift. Researches have been conducted on various aspects of this
phenomenon which have resulted in the identification of the various causes and consequences of drift. In
addition, prescriptions have been given for controlling the rural-urban drift.
Among the causes most often mentioned are population pressures in some rural areas resulting in dwindling
farm lands; increase in school enrollment and the resultant rise in education levels which qualify many people
for urban employment, higher wages in the urban centers relative to rural centers and the rather naïve one of
the ‘bright lights’ in the cities so much touted by early foreign sociologists.
The most often mention consequences of this rural-urban migration includes depopulation of the rural area
leading to overcrowding of the cities and the resultant housing and sanitation problems; decline in the
agricultural population resulting in less food crops being grown and high food prices in the cities, and
increasing urban unemployment. The results of the phenomenon are seen largely as negative
Measures to control the rural-urban drift includes the establishment of essential amenities like water,
electricity, hospitals, colleges, and cinema houses; the location of employment generating establishment and
the building of good interconnecting roads.
The sum total of these prescriptions in essence, unwittingly or paradoxically, is for the rural areas to be
transformed into urban centers. This is so because to industrialize the rural areas would draw many more
people out of agriculture than if industries were restricted to urban centers
When industries are located in the rural areas, it involves much less cost for the prospective rural-urban
migrant to change to a non-agricultural job, than is involved in his leaving a rural abode for a distance urban
center.
Therefore, rural industrialization holds a higher potential for the de-agriculturalization of the rural population
than when industries are concentrated in urban areas.
The phenomenon of rural-urban migration has been intensively and extensively researched and studied, but it
would seem that it has largely been misinterpreted and misunderstood. Consequently, public policies on the
subject have been misdirected.

11. the author explains that researches conducted on various aspect of rural urban drift have
A. failed to provide effective solutions
B. revealed the causes and effects of this drift
C. increase the hue and cry against it
D. provide effective solutions to the problem
E. not only provide the solutions but also brought out the causes and effect on this drift
12. one of the reasons why people drift for the rural areas to the urban areas is
A. hunger resulting from drought
B. laziness and ignorant
C. better rural education and possession of qualifications which make better jobs available in urban areas
D. the easy life and comfort in the city
E. the freedom from traditional control and pagan practices

13. migration in large number is said to result in

A. juvenile delinquency
B. a fall in the production of food, accommodation and health in the cities
C. highway robbery
D. difficulty of life in rural areas
E. mental stress by parents and relations

14. one suggested solution to the problem is to

A. provide social amenities and create employment opportunities in rural areas
B. encourage mechanized agriculture in order to raise income
C. force the young rural people to stay by warning them about the problems in the cities
D. mount road blocks
E. lower the level of education in rural areas and increase qualification for employment in the cities

15. the consequences of the rural-urban drift are shown in the above passages as being
A. useful to the cities and not to the rural areas
B. a national disaster
C. a natural occurrence and sign of progress
D. negative
E. a healthy economic phenomenon

PASSAGE D
I began work at the smithy on the Monday morning. My wages were half a crown a week. My hours were
from six in the morning till six in the night, with an hour break for launch. My boss, Boeta Dick, was a tall,
bent, reedy consumptive. He has a parched yellow skin, brawn tight over his jutting bones. His cheeks were so
sunken it was as though he were permanently sucking them in. his eyes were far back in his head. He coughed
violently, and beside his seat was a bucket of sand into which he spat. Changing the sand daily was the only
part of my job I hated.
The smithy was divided into two parts. At one end were the machines that cut, shaped, and put the tins
together. The man who worked on the machines were on a regular weekly wage. At the other end, was a row
of small furnaces, each with its own bellows and piles of fuel. Here, at each furnace a man sat soldering the
seams of the tins as they came from machines. The soldiers were on piece work. To average two or three
pounds a week they had to do a mountainous amount of soldering. Each soldier had a boy to cart the tins
from the machines to him, then to smear the seams of each tin with Sulphur powder so that the lead took
easily and, after checking, to cart the tins of the yard where the Lorries collected them.
16. the boss Boeta Dick, can be described as being
A. skinny
B. hard working
C. ambitious
D. A Chinese
E. slender

17. Boeta Dick spat in the bucket because

A. he was sick
B. he had a dirty habit
C. he coughed
D. the smithy smelled badly
E. it is good to spit regularly

18. without the soldiers in the smithy

A. no work can be done
B. the boss will go into debt
C. the products cannot be completed
D. the boss will be unhappy
E. the other workers will not like their job

19. the soldiers received

A. occasional money for their work
B. too much for their work
C. just enough for their work
D. a fair wage
E. not so much as their work demanded

20. Sulphur powder was added to

A. beautify the tin
B. complete the manufacture
C. strengthen the tin
D. satisfy the boss
E. ensure that the tins were not damaged during transportation

PASSAGE E
Rufus Okeke – Roof, for short – was a very popular man in his village. Although the villagers did not explain it
in so many words, Roof’s popularity was a measure of their gratitude to an energetic young man who unlike
most of his fellows nowadays, had not abandoned the village in order to seek work, any work, in the towns.
Roof was not villages tout either. Everyone knew how he had spent two years as a bicycle repairer’s
apprentice in Port-Harcourt and had given up of his own free will a bright future to return to his people and
guide them in these political times. Not that Umuofia needed a lot of guidance. The village already belong en
masse to the People’s Alliance Party, and its most illustrious son, Chief the Honorable Marcus Ibe, was
Minister of Culture in the outgoing government (which was pretty certain to be the incoming one as well).
Nobody doubted that the Honorable Minister would be elected in his constituency. Opposition to him was like
the proverbial fly trying to move a dung-hill. It would have been ridiculous enough without coming, as it did
now, from a complete nonentity.
As was to be expected, Roof was in the service of the Honorable Minister for the coming elections. He had
become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels – villages, local government or national. He could
tell the mood and temper of the electorate at any given time. For instance, he had warned the Minister
months ago about the radical change that had come into the thinking of Umuofia since the last national
election

21. Rufus Okeke was very popular with people because he

A. was energetic
B. has decided to pitch his tent with the villagers
C. did not like town life
D. could not live without his parents
E. made more money for the villagers

22. a village tout can be described as being

A. unemployed
B. crazy
C. energetic
D. lazy
E. servile

23. the reference to Okeke's 'bright future' in Port-Harcourt can be described as being
A. sarcastic
B. true
C. untrue
D. irrelevant
E. impossible

24. The writer is saying indirectly that political parties in power could be
A. unpredictable
B. honest
C. corrupt
D. servile
E. autocratic

25. which of the following statement would you consider correct with reference to Okeke as an election
expert?
A. it is true that he was an expert
B. it is doubtful that he was an expert
C. it is most likely to be true that he was an expert
D. there are no election experts
E. he was not an election expert at all
Fill in the blank spaces in the following sentences making use of the best of the five option:

26. The telephone .... in the nineteenth century and is now used in most countries in the world
A. had been invented
B. was invented
C. would have been invented
D. has been invented
E. was being invented

27. By the end of the next semester he .... his University education
A. would have completed
B. will be completing
C. shall have completed
D. was completing
E. must complete

28. In the past his father used to walk but nowadays he .... to work by bicycles
A. was going
B. is going
C. seldomly goes
D. goes
E. has gone

29. The students .... so much noise while the lecturer had to walk out of the class
A. made
B. had been making
C. were making
D. had made
E. would have been making

30. Olukayode .... as a mechanic when he was young, but now he is a driver
A. had been working
B. used to work
C. would work
D. would have worked
E. had worked

31. ...., it might not look such a rosy proposition.

A. From his viewing proposal
B. when he views the proposal
C. Having viewed the proposal
D. From his point of view
E. From his seeing it
32. If we went to any European country .... Britain, we should need a substantial amount of money to pay our
way
A. like
B. let us say
C. as an example
D. like say
E. if we say

33. The horse is a winner, ....

A. you can take that from me
B. you can say I say so
C. you can take my word for it
D. it is my word against theirs
E. you may or may not believe it

34. If he had entered the room, I .... him

A. saw
B. had seen
C. would have seen
D. may see
E. will see

35. You should show some consideration .... the feelings of others
A. with
B. about
C. by
D. to
E. for

36. The old car .... several times this year

A. was repaired
B. has been repaired
C. had been repaired
D. has repaired
E. was being repaired

Choose the word or phrase closest in meaning to the underlined word:

37. His penury gave him a lifetime of hunger

A. avariciousness
B. affluence
C. poverty
D. penny pinching
E. greed

38. The bible's prodigal son became quite wealth eventually

A. prestigious
B. phlegmatic
C. errant
D. pecuniary
E. extravagant

39. Don't eat just any innocuous looking mushroom you see around
A. harmful
B. harmless
C. innocent
D. immunized
E. conspicuous

40. Colossal means

A. a Greek column
B. gigantic
C. something which has lost too much fluid
D. a calamity
E. the sale of colos

Choose the best option to fill the gaps in the following sentences:

41. The prices .... are too high for us

A. you lent me
B. you quoted
C. you attended
D. you gave me
E. you want to buy

42. The method .... does not give the expected results.
A. you recommended
B. you visited
C. you told
D. you sent me
E. you wanted

43. Oxygen is necessary to life. Nothing can live without it. It was .... a century ago
A. invented
B. found out
C. discovered
D. learnt
E. extracted

44. Why does a flamingo stand on one leg? Because if it lifted the other one, it would ....
A. go down
B. let down
C. fall down
D. come down
E. get down

45. I am travelling by the 6:30 train tomorrow morning. Will you .... me ...?
A. see/off
B. look/up
C. take/down
D. see/to
E. put/up

46. I am a student and .... Musa. I left for the university, and .... Musa
A. was, does
B. so is, so did
C. so was, so does
D. he is, he did
E. so he is, so he went

47. You have been absent from classes for four months. How can you .... for the lost time
A. make in
B. make up
C. make off
D. make out
E. make over

48. I am afraid you cannot use this telephone; it is ....

A. out of order
B. in order
C. for order
D. at order
E. with order

49. You should make an ...... to improve the situation

A. effect
B. efficiency
C. effectiveness
D. effort
E. effectualness
50. Must you always .... lies? Why don't you .... the truth for once
A. speak
B. say
C. talk
D. tell
E. utter

Complete the sentences with the correct options from the list below:

51. .... listening to the news when I came in

A. There were
B. There was
C. It was
D. There are going to be
E. They were

52. They said that .... about 20 candidates for the job of a shorthand typist
A. they were
B. it will be
C. there were
D. it was
E. there are

53. He told me to go on .... till seven

A. to work
B. worked
C. works
D. working
E. work

54. Many goods .... tape recorders and cameras find a ready market in every country
A. like
B. such a
C. such as
D. such
E. as

55. He acts .... he were a general manager

A. as
B. if
C. as if
D. so as
E. that
56. Must you say ‘Good morning’ to everybody in the street? No, …...
A. I needn’t
B. I mustn’t
C. I can’t
D. I do not need
E. I’ll have to

57. Could I ring him up? I'd rather you ....

A. visit him
B. visited him
C. would visit him
D. visiting him
E. will visit him

58. Don't study on the examination day? What did he tell you? He told me .... on the examination day
A. no studying
B. don't study
C. not study
D. not to study
E. to not study

59. I .... to gain admission to the college for the past three years
A. have been trying
B. tried
C. am trying
D. was trying
E. try

60. .... a lot of arguments for and against car loans in the press recently
A. There are
B. There has been
C. There have been
D. There is
E. There was

61. He reported to his manager that he .... overseas

A. had never been
B. never was
C. has never been
D. is never
E. will never be

62. Shall we go to the union meeting? No thank you, I do not feel like .... anywhere
A. go
B. going
C. to go
D. to have gone
E. went

63. Will they sign any contracts at the Fair? They will not only sign the contracts but a lot of goods .... as well
A. will buy
B. to buy
C. they buy
D. they bought
E. will be bought

64. I started writing this test at 8: 00 a.m. It is 10: 00 a.m. now. By 11: 00 a.m. I .... it for three hours
A. shall be writing
B. have been writing
C. shall have been writing
D. am writing
E. was writing

Choosing the word or phrase from A to E which has the same meaning as the underlined word or words in
each sentence:
65. Writing for newspaper is exciting and lucrative especially when one is a freelance journalist
A. a forthright
B. an eloquent
C. an unattached
D. a political
E. a convincing

66. He has never been a good mediator, even in minor family disputes, because in most cases his views are
always jaundiced
A. colored
B. sick
C. suspicious
D. unscrupulous
E. prejudiced

67. After the wife had covered her misdeeds by prevaricating on several occasions, the poor husband accused
her point blank of adultery
A. bluntly
B. pointedly
C. emphatically
D. unreservedly
E. mistakenly
68. The vote of thanks which was elaborately moved by the social secretary did not ring true particularly as
the fund raising had been a big failure
A. was all lies
B. was not honest
C. was inaudible
D. was not genuine
E. was distorted

69. I listened with rapt attention as he never suspected that I knew he was telling me a cock and bull story
A. a story about a cock
B. a story about bull
C. an incredible story
D. an interesting
E. an eye witness story

70. When a man is immune to an illness, he is

A. opposed to it
B. attached to it
C. hated by it
D. protected against it
E. addicted to it

71. The two boxers were neck and neck up till the sixth round but in the seventh and final round, the bigger
one lost ground
A. could no longer stand on his feet
B. failed to maintain his position
C. was beaten
D. became dizzy
E. became a punching bag

72. While the mother and father were arguing furiously their small-boy sat patiently taking in everything they
said
A. absorbing
B. accommodating
C. embracing
D. accepting
E. noting

73. For a priest to be successful, he should, from time to time review his actions
A. inspect
B. examine
C. stare at
D. visualize
E. conceptualized
74. In some parts of our society, people are ostracized purely on the basis of their parentage
A. hated
B. disrespected
C. shut off form others
D. locked up
E. abandoned

75. Sitting majestically on his throne is the Oba of Benin flanked by some of his wives
A. surrounded
B. supported
C. guarded
D. protected
E. neglected

76. In civilized society, it is unseemly to emit a loud belch at the end of a meal
A. noisy
B. annoying
C. stupid
D. outrageous
E. impolite

Choosing the appropriate option to fill the gap in the following sentences:

77. As a result of the injury sustained on the football field, Segun was .... with a broken leg for months
A. laid down
B. laid out
C. laid on
D. laid up
E. laid off

78. the principal was able to establish a functional language laboratory for school because he acted .... the
advice of experts on the subject
A. through
B. at
C. from
D. on
E. by

79. Dume .... in Abraka for three years when i met her
A. lived
B. had lived
C. would have lived
D. was living
E. was lived

80. If I were the Head of the English Department in my school, I .... make oral English a compulsory subject
A. would
B. could
C. should
D. might
E. had

81. If Remi perform poorly in her forthcoming examination, then either her mother or I .... to blame
A. must
B. has
C. will be
D. are
E. am

82. I was able to .... Olu my book because he promised to return it the following day
A. borrow
B. give
C. lend
D. lease
E. secure

83. You cannot have a vague idea of the content of this comprehension text unless you first .... the whole
passage for few minutes, said the teacher to his pupils
A. digest
B. decipher
C. skim through
D. chew through
E. master

84. The prefect came to the class five minutes after the lesson ....
A. has started
B. had started
C. have started
D. is started
E. has been started

85. Bimbo sings beautifully ...?

A. isn't it
B. doesn't she
C. isn't she
D. does she
E. is she
86. we couldn't find the official who was to act as our guide ...., he has left before we arrived
A. Moreover
B. Actually
C. Nevertheless
D. However
E. Even

87. No sooner had the examination ended .... the students started vacating the halls of residence
A. when
B. that
C. than
D. before
E. and

88. Ogedengbe kept goal for his club team because there wasn't .... to do it
A. nobody else
B. any other body
C. any other body
D. no other body
E. anybody else

89. race must be allergic .... smoke because any time she sits by someone who is smoking, she sneezes
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. with
E. by

90. Now that I realize the full extent of your ... I am afraid it will be impossible for me to ever trust you again
A. dubiousness
B. corruption
C. deceptiveness
D. duplicity
E. inconsistency

91. Legislators must be trained to .... the truth

A. disguise
B. discern
C. digest
D. disturb
E. distort

92. He must be a good student because he is a .... reader

A. Romanesque
B. veracious
C. voracious
D. mendacious
E. sarcastic

93. It is very difficult to capture the subtle ...... of words when translated from one language to another
A. essence
B. denotations
C. connotations
D. inflexions
E. insults

94. As it holds true that, unless you train your body you cannot be an athlete, so also unless you train your ....
you cannot be a ....
A. kicking - footballer
B. voice - choirmaster
C. mind - scholar
D. courage - hero
E. arms - swimmer

95. The meeting starts .... two o'clock. Please be punctual

A. about
B. in
C. on
D. at
E. around

96. Every time you pay a bill you must insist .... being given a receipt
A. in
B. from
C. on
D. by
E. onto

97. The elections .... the Senate were held in July

A. into
B. of
C. from
D. onto
E. on

98. There is a filling station .... the corner, to your right

A. about
B. by
C. from
D. around
E. to

99. It is difficult these days to get a seat .... the plane in spite of a confirmed booking
A. inside
B. in
C. on
D. upon
E. into

100. He travelled to Jos .... train when he came last

A. by
B. in
C. on
D. inside
E. through

ANSWERS 1980

USE OF ENGLISH 1981

Read the passage and answer the question that follows

PASSAGE A
It was a Sunday afternoon that I saw the lorry standing in front of the post office. I had seen it long before my
brother saw it, but it was he who said to me “Don’t you think it odd that the post office should be open this
afternoon? What do you think is happening? ‘Come round the corner, out of sight, and let’s watch’, I
answered. My brother Michael was younger than me, so I kept him behind me, and peering round the corner
told him what I saw. ‘There are four men coming out, carrying a very heavy box’ ‘Oh! I exclaimed. ‘It’s a safe, ‘I
think they’re burglars, said my brother who was full of suspicion. ‘One of them has fallen over ‘I said; ‘the safe
is too heavy for them’. You go and fetch the police said my brother, ‘and I’ll stay here and watch,’ ‘No you go
and get them’, I replied, because I wanted to see what was going to happen. My brother ran off and then,
suddenly, a man came running out of the post office, shouting, ‘Hurry! Hurry! Get it on the lorry!’ He joined
the first four and they managed to get the safe up on to the back of the lorry. When they had done this, the
man who had shouted got into the driver’s seat, but the lorry would not start. Just then my brother came back
with three policemen. To cut a long story short, the men were all arrested and my brother and I had to go and
give evidence before a magistrate. The men went to prison, of course, in the end, but you should have seen
the face of the leader - it was contorted with rage – when he learned that the safe, they had managed to steal
was empty, and all the money was in the bank.

1. the brothers thought it was odd for the post office to be open because
A. nobody works on Sundays
B. people should be in church
C. post offices should open only five days in the week
D. they were ignorant
E. that was probably the second time they had seen it open on a Sunday

2. The narrator kept his younger brother behind him because

A. big brothers must protect their younger ones
B. he wanted to relay all that was happening to him
C. his brother was too short for his liking
D. younger brothers are not easily frightened
E. he was very brave

3. The brothers decided to call the police because

A. they thought they were burglars
B. policemen are required on such occasions
C. calling the policemen was the only thing they could have done
D. they were cowardly
E. they would have wished to give evidence in court

4. The robbers could not escape because

A. the safe was too heavy
B. they were sinners who deserve punishment
C. the engine of their lorry failed
D. they were not smart enough
E. Nemesis wanted to catch up with them
5. the leader of the robbers was angry because
A. his gang was arrested
B. the safe was empty
C. they were all going to prison
D. spending their loot would be impossible
E. he was an irascible man

PASSAGE B
The appearance of comparative peace which Max’s house presented to me that morning proved quite
deceptive. Oh, perhaps some of Chief Nanga’s ‘queen bee’ characteristics had rubbed off on me and
transformed me into an independent little nucleus of activity which I brought with me into this new place.
That first night I not only heard of the new political party about to be born but got myself enrolled as a
foundation member. Max and some of his friends having watched with deepening disillusion the use to which
our hard-won freedom was being put by corrupt, mediocre politicians had decided to come together and
launch the Common People’s Convention.
There were eight young people in his room that evening. All but one were citizens of our country, mostly
professional types. The only lady was a very beautiful lawyer who, I learnt afterwards, was engaged to Max
whom she had first met at the London School of Economics. There was a trade-unionist, a doctor, another
lawyer, a teacher and a newspaper columnist
Max introduced me without any previous consultation as a ‘trustworthy comrade who had only the other day
had his girlfriend snatched from him by minister who shall remain nameless’. Naturally I did not care for that
kind of image reputation. So, I promptly intervened to point out that the woman in question was not strictly
speaking my girlfriend but a casual acquaintance who both Chief Nanga and I knew.
‘So it was Chief Nanga, yes?’ said the European and everyone burst out laughing.
‘Who else could it be?’ said one of the others.
The Whiteman was apparently from one of the Eastern Bioc countries. He did not neglect to stress to me in an
aside that he was there only as a friend of Max’s. He told me a lot of things quietly while the others were
discussing some obscure details about the launching. I was as much interested in what he said as the way in
which he said it. His English had an exotic quality occasionally – as when he said that it was good to see
intellectuals like Max, myself and the rest coming out of their ‘tower or elephant tusk’ into active politics. And
he often punctuated whatever he was saying with ‘yes’ spoken with the accent of a question.
6. Max and his friends met to launch a new political party because
A. they were intellectuals
B. they wanted their courts to adopt communism
C. they thought they could solve their country’s problems
D. they were expelled from an existing political party
E. it was the only way they could combat the corrupt politicians

7. The only lady in the gathering

A. a total stranger
B. a former student of the London School of Economics
C. Max's bride to be
D. an interloper
E. not welcome in the gathering
8. The speaker.... to Max's introduction of him
A. took exception
B. happily adhered
C. became attuned
D. was agreeable
E. was hostile

9. would you say that Chief Nanga, according to the people in that gathering was
A. a popular politician
B. a wealthy man
C. an influential man
D. a notorious person
E. a man of the people

10. The speaker was attentive to the European because

A. he spoke funny English
B. he was from an Eastern Bioc country
C. what he said and how he said it interested him
D. he is normally attentive to Europeans
E. courtesy demands that he should be attentive

PASSAGE C
From time to time, I hear someone say, ‘But Yoga comes from India, therefore is something “foreign” and I
don’t see how we can make use of it’. Of course, this is foolishness. It is like saying, ‘I don’t want to listen to
the music of Bach because he was a German’, or it is like someone in India declaring, ‘We don’t want to use
electricity, because Thomas Edison was an American’ Yoga is universal, it is a priceless gift from the East and
its benefits are available to all of us who would accept them.
It is very tragic that many of us, not knowing the facts, have for many years confused Yogis (a person who
practices ‘Yoga’ is a Yogi) with a certain class of people in India who are known a s Fakirs. Fakirs have gain
extra ordinary control of their senses, but use this control to subject their bodies to abnormal conditions. For
example, they sit on the famous ‘bed of nails’ stick pins and feats. They are generally persons of low
mentality, and they perform these supernatural things for money, food, favors and so forth. These Fakirs
should never be confused with Yogis nor do snake charmers or Indian rope trick practitioners have anything to
do with Yoga. Yoga is a natural development for body and mind and a true Yogi will never permit anything
harmful or unnatural to be done to his body or mind.
Finally, there is the question of ‘religion’. I am often asked, ‘Is Yoga a religion?’ My answer is, ‘Definitely not!
For us, Yoga is a dynamic system of physical exercise and a practical and valuable philosophy to apply to
everyday life. In short, Yoga is way of life and everyone, regardless of his religion, can benefit greatly from
any6 one or all aspect of Yoga.
11. which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A. Yoga is foreign and therefore foolish
B. to think that Yoga is foreign is foolish
C. Yoga is foolish because it is foreign
D. not to take advantage of Yoga on the ground that it is foreign is foolish
E. it is foolish to take advantage of foreign practices

12. which one of the following in the authors opinion best complete this statement. The Indians would
A. not use electricity because Thomas Edison was an American
B. not use electricity because American electricity is inferior to some other kind of electricity
C. not use electricity since they can substitute their own Yoga for it
D. not use because Indians and Americans are friendly people
E. use electricity irrespective of who discovered it

13. The writer dislikes Fakirs because

A. Fakirs have gained extraordinary control of their senses
B. Fakirs are confused with Yogis
C. Fakirs subject their bodies to abnormal conditions, and perform supernatural feats for money
D. Fakirs do not practice Yoga
E. being a Yogi himself, he is jealous f Fakirs

14. With which of the following do Yoga have something in common?

A. Fakirs
B. snakes’ charmers
C. Indian rope trick practitioners
D. all of the above
E. none of the above

15. On what ground does the writer describe Yoga as universal?

A. it is a generally accepted method of developing body and mind
B. it is a religion
C. it is different from the practice of fakirs
D. it can be easily defined
E. A yoga can perform supernatural feats

PASSAGE D
This book consist of lectures given by me at Cambridge. Though they have been largely rewritten, I have kept
a good deal of their original lecture-form, as being (I hope) rather less formal and less dogmatic. For to
dogmatism, those who write on language seem, for some reason, particularly prone; and I should like to make
clear at once that, if at times I have put my view strongly, I do not forget that such matters of taste must
remain mere matters of opinion.
In addition I have included a good many specimen passages from various authors. Perhaps I have quoted too
much. But a book on style without abundant examples seems to me as ineffectual as a book on art, or biology
without abundant illustrations. Many of these passages are in French. That may be Gallomania on my part and
I must apologize if they trouble some readers. But some ability to read French prose does seem to me most
desirable for anyone who would write well in English. I have tried to choose pieces not too difficult in syntax
or vocabulary. And in these days less than ever can we afford to be better insular.
16. According to the author, (in his preference) the book is
A. the original version of his Cambridge lectures
B. A revised version of his Cambridge lectures
C. an imitation of his Cambridge lectures
D. a negation of his Cambridge lectures
E. an authentic version of his Cambridge lecture

17. the author says that writers on language are

A. inclined to be dogmatic
B. opposed to dogmatism
C. unlikely to be dogmatic
D. resolved to be dogmatic
E. ready to be dogmatic

18. in the author's opinion, a book on style

A. can do with few examples
B. need not have any examples
C. is a book on art
D. will be intellectual with many examples
E. will be ineffectual with insufficient examples

19. to write English well, the author says it is helpful to

A. to be able to write French fairly well
B. to be able to read French fairly well
C. know French thoroughly
D. must never be insular
E. do all of the above

20. our understanding of the last sentence in the passage is that we

A. can now afford to be insular
B. can be insular in future
C. cannot afford to be insular
D. must never be insular
E. must now be more insular

PASSAGE E
Dear John,
Many thanks for your letter. I was glad to hear that you had done so well in your examinations. Let me send
you my hearty congratulations. You certainly deserved this result as I know you worked very hard. You ask
how I have been spending the time since I took my examinations. I have been waiting so eagerly for the result
that, I must admit, I have not done half of the things I planned to do during this extended holiday. However, I
have been doing a lot of reading. There were so many different things I was interested in when I was at school
and did not have the time to read about because they were not on the syllabus. I have read two books about
geology, which is a fascinating subject. I hope to make a hobby of geology when I get to the University. It will
make a change from the study of law. I have also read several novels mostly modern ones by authors like
Graham Greene, C.S Foster and Somerset Maugham. How enjoyable it is to read a book for pleasure and not
for examination! I have not given a thought to law, and not read one book about the subject. I shall have e
four long years at the University to devote to it.
I have also been going once or twice a week to the National Boy’s Club. I took part in the table-tennis
tournament, but I did not do very well, I’m afraid. I have been playing football for the Club every Sunday
afternoon. I will certainly let you know my examination results as soon as I have them. I must say that I
become less confident about the result each day. It was encouraging to hear that this was the case with you,
and since you did so well perhaps there is still hope for me!
Yours sincerely
Osman.
90
21. John deserves to pass his examinations because
A. the examinations were easy
B. he was a brilliant student
C. he prepared very well for it
D. he was a lucky student
E. the examiner was very liberal

22. You will regard Osman during term time as a student who reads
A. all types of books
B. always
C. all the subjects on the curriculum
D. much more than other students
E. only the books that are prescribed

23. Osman couldn't do most of what he had planned for the holiday because
A. he thought he would fail
B. he was afraid of failure
C. waiting for the result made him sick
D. his anxiety for the results of the examination made other activities unattractive to him
E. he could not find anything else to do

24. From the passage, we can see that Osman intends to become
A. a very learned man
B. the cleverest man in the family
C. a lawyer
D. the chief magistrate of his district
E. a writer of books

25. Osman became less confident of his result each day but that does not mean that
A. he will pass
B. he will fail
C. he is a coward
D. he is hopeless
E. he is lazy

Fill in the blank spaces in the following sentences making use of the best of the five options:

26. For their part in the unsuccessful .... the mutineers were court - martialed
A. coops
B. coupes
C. coupe
D. coup
E. coupes

27. The Chairman ruled the impertinent speaker ......

A. according to order
B. out of order
C. contrary to order
D. disorderly
E. correctly

28. Your approach to the problem is different .... ours

A. as
B. like
C. from
D. because of
E. to

29. The way to stop some frivolous publications is to .... the press
A. gag
B. shackle
C. fetter
D. handcuff
E. bind

29. They .... our donation with thanks

A. recieved
B. recived
C. received
D. receved
E. receipt

30. You surely want .... in your tea, don't you?

A. all milk
B. a milk
C. some milk
D. every milk
E. any milk

32. The exercise must be done .... possible

A. as quick as
B. as quicker as
C. as quickly as
D. as most quick as
E. as most quickly as

33. He bought a typewriter with a view .... to type

A. to learning
B. to learnt
C. to be learning
D. to be learnt
E. as most quickly as

34. It is time we .... this irresponsible member

A. expel
B. are to expel
C. will expel
D. are expelling
E. expelled

35. Had he known in advanced, he ....

A. should prepare for the interview
B. was going to prepare for the interview
C. would have prepared for the interview
D. will have been preparing for the interview
E. may be preparing for the interview

36. He was reported .... the policeman

A. to be assaulting
B. to assault
C. assaulting
D. to have assaulted
E. to have been assaulted

37. Peter's .... a cold upset our plans

A. catches
B. will catch
C. to catch
D. to have caught
E. catching
38. Although he was invited .... he was not welcome.
A. but
B. yet
C. so
D. since
E. because

39. When John reported the incident, the teacher remarked that he .... a responsible boy.
A. was
B. is
C. will be
D. should have been
E. is going to be

40. They tried to cash in .... the people's ignorance

A. under
B. against
C. about
D. with
E. on

41. A pioneer, he .... the institution from his own resources

A. found and funded
B. founded and funded
C. was finding and funding
D. had found and funded
E. was founded and funding

42. He passed so well .... he was awarded a scholarship

A. since
B. because
C. that
D. while
E. thus

43. Government should prevent smugglers .... their contraband

A. to sell
B. to be selling
C. from selling
D. having sold
E. to selling

44. I told him .... he had no chance

A. quite by frankness
B. quite frankly
C. quite in frankness
D. quite being frank
E. quite to be frank

45. He looked .... everyone in authority as an enemy

A. on
B. at
C. in
D. about
E. against

46. Fill in the blank spaces in the following sentences making use of the best of the five options:
As .... of you as can come are welcome
A. each
B. any
C. many
D. more
E. most

47. He bade them .... to his house

A. welcomed
B. are welcome
C. to be welcome
D. to have been welcome
E. welcome

48. If .... one day we would talk about it for weeks

A. a lion was coming into this room
B. a lion was coming into this room
C. a lion came into this room
D. a lion is coming into this room
E. a lion is going to come into this room

49. Excuse me, do you mind .... I smoke?

A. because
B. if
C. since
D. while
E. against

50. The house will look all the better .... this new coat of paint
A. for
B. under
C. against
D. upon
E. over

51. Without .... words he accused him directly of treachery

A. amending
B. modifying
C. mixing
D. mincing
E. meaning

52. He is easily the …... of the lot

A. brightest
B. brighter
C. more bright
D. brightest
E. most bright

53. I am not attending …… is my wife

A. whereas
B. neither
C. either
D. but
E. since

54. Some people think that …… are potentially a nuisance

A. parent-in-law
B. parents-in-law
C. parents-in-laws
D. parent-in-laws
E. parents-ins-laws

55. Shakespearian …… are generally the victims of circumstances

A. heros
B. heres
C. heroses
D. hero
E. jeroes

56. Asmau, did you see the snap shot of ....

A. Yourself
B. You
C. Yours
D. Yourselves
E. Herself

57. I can’t mind the light. I don't know .... about electricity.
A. Something
B. Nothing
C. Anything
D. Nobody
E. Anybody

58. .... a good film. Wasn’t it?

A. It is
B. Was it
C. There is
D. It was
E. There was

59. .... Several bad air-crashes recently.

A. There is
B. They are
C. There were
D. There have been
E. There are

60. We left .... U.S.A, and crossed .... Atlantic Ocean to .... Europe
A. the/the/…
B. …/…/…
C. …/…/the
D. the/…/a
E. …/an/…

61. There was .... much noise at night that we couldn’t sleep
A. Such a
B. Such
C. That
D. Very
E. So

62. Visitors…. Pass beyond this point. It is forbidden

A. needn’t
B. don’t have to
C. could not
D. cannot
E. must not
63. A policeman stopped me and I ….to the police station.
A. Was taken
B. Took
C. Am taken
D. Will be taken
E. Walk

64. Have you paid your taxes up to date? The tax collector inquired if ….
A. You have paid your taxes up to date
B. I had paid my taxes up to date
C. I paid my taxes up to date
D. Have I paid my taxes up to date
E. I have paid my taxes up to date

65. Do you want me to buy her anything? She asked Asman. She asked Asman if …...
A. She wants her to buy her anything
B. You want to buy anything
C. She wanted to buy anything
D. I wanted her to buy anything
E. She wanted her to buy her anything.

66. He devoted himself …. homeless children.

A. To helping
B. To help
C. By helping
D. With helping
E. Helping.

67. Although the problem was simple …. Students were able to solve it.
A. Little
B. Small
C. Few
D. A few
E. A lot of.

68. We talked quietly …. waked the baby.

A. So that not
B. In order to
C. So as to
D. So as not to
E. So not.

69. These six employees ........ absent from work since New Year’s Day.
A. Are
B. Have been
C. Were
D. Had been
E. Are being

70. I wish I …. to swim when I was younger.

A. Had learnt
B. Learn
C. Learnt
D. Was learning
E. Have learnt.

71. By the end of June, I …. six examinations this year.

A. Shall take
B. Have taken
C. Shall have taken
D. Am taken
E. Took

72. We used to go to that club on Saturday night ….?

A. Isn’t it
B. Didn’t we
C. Don’t we
D. Aren’t we
E. Use we not.

73. It was a blind alley. I could not walk any ....

A. Far
B. Farthest
C. Furthest
D. Farther
E. Further

74. Maimuna wrote to ask if I could put her …. for the night
A. Up
B. In
C. Out
D. Off
E. Away

75. After weeks of bargaining they …. a deal worth million.

A. Made up
B. Turned about
C. Brought off
D. Went in
E. Fell through

76. The policemen stood …. the man at the corner.

A. Looking
B. Seeing
C. Shearing
D. Glaring
E. Watching

77. .... reached 18.7% of the U.S population.

A. Employed
B. Unemployment
C. Employers
D. Employees
E. Underemployment

78. Joe had found a flat, so …. he will not be sleeping here, even if he still comes for meals.
A. Lastly
B. Least
C. Last
D. At last
E. At least

79. I was in such a hurry; I didn’t have time to …. Hello.

A. Tell
B. Speak
C. Talk
D. Say
E. Utter

80. My younger brother looked ill last night, and was evidently …. this morning
A. Worse
B. Worst
C. More ill
D. Learner
E. Brighter

81. The schoolboy screamed loudly when he saw a snake …. looked terrifying.
A. It
B. Who
C. And
D. He
E. Which
82. The guests ...... breakfast by the time the bus arrives.
A. Are finishing
B. Have finished
C. Shall have finished
D. Had finished
E. Will have finished

83. …. Lawyers enrolled at the Nigerian bar last year …. the year.
A. As much/as
B. Very many/than
C. More/than
D. Some/as
E. As many/than

84. They promised to cause …. fuss …. possible.

A. As little/as
B. A little/if
C. A few/as
D. The least/that
E. All the/that

85. From one’s daily experience, one can see that many people have ...... money ...... they really need.
A. Fewer/that
B. More/than
C. As much/than
D. Much/than
E. As little/as

86. Eko bridge, linking Lagos Island to Surulere, has ….

A. Many traffic
B. Numerous vehicles
C. Uncontrollable traffic
D. Plenty traffic
E. A lot of traffic

87. The passenger waited patiently whilst they transferred his …. from the taxi to the bus.
A. Properties
B. Baggages
C. Luggage
D. Luggages
E. Property
Choose the word or phrase from A to E which has the nearest meaning to the underlined word or words in
each sentence:
88. He used his savings to bring up his nephew.
A. Lead
B. Accompany
C. Feed
D. Support
E. Conduct

89. Mary is jealous of her sister’s success.

A. Suspicious
B. Bitter
C. Careful
D. Mindful
E. Envious

90. Our school prefect is too officious and we all hate him because of his behavior.
A. Efficient
B. Efficacious
C. Over-zealous
D. Active
E. Showy

91. The president of our club has sent his regrets. He may be unable to attend the next meeting.
A. Confusion
B. Explanations
C. Anxieties
D. Unhappiness
E. Apologies

92. Whenever I travel abroad, I always bring, on my return, photographs, postcards, and other small items
as souvenirs
A. Mementoes
B. Remembrance
C. Memorials
D. Memorable
E. Property

93. Because our representative in the house of assembly is an immature and biased politician, he takes
a jaundiced view of our social and economic problems.
A. Hazy
B. Unclear
C. Prejudiced
D. Bleak
E. Bright

94. His wife for ten years refused point-blank to leave her matrimonial home even when he brought another
woman into the house.
A. Directly
B. Boldly
C. Pointedly
D. Sharply
E. Bluntly

95. In some parts of India, people are ostracized simply because of their ancestry.
A. Abandoned
B. Shut off from society
C. Refused education
D. Rendered unhappy
E. Hated

96. We all have both good and bad characteristics. Either is, however, easily manifested in time of crises.
A. Demanded
B. Highlighted
C. Submerged
D. Demonstrated
E. Ridiculed

97. One of the surest ways to ensure good health is to have a wholesome and adequate diet.
A. Palatable
B. Mixed
C. Hygienic
D. Delicious
E. Health - giving

Choose the word which is opposite in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence:
98. The doctor was very gentle with his patients in the examining room.
A. Harsh
B. Rude
C. Rough
D. Unkind
E. Callous

99. James is a disco-addict. He takes his studies rather lightly.

A. Humorously
B. Gloomily
C. Tediously
D. Carefully
E. Seriously

100. My cousin is very lazy. He will not take his studies serious. His future looks quiet bleak
A. Cloudy
B. Cheerless
C. Bright
D. Huge
E. Sturdy

USE OF ENGLISH 1982

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it
PASSAGE A
Olumba removed a small black amulet from his neck and substituted a bigger one. The former was for general
protection at home, the latter for protection and luck whilst travelling. Ready at last he picked up his matchet
and headed for the chief’s with Ikechi behind him.
Olumba worked ahead looking up as usual. Just what he was searching for in the sky Ikechi couldn’t tell.
Perhaps his shortness accounted for his habit since, he often had to look up in the faces of his taller
companions. What he lacked in height he made up in solid muscles and he looked strong. His wrestling
pseudonym was Agadaga, a name which meant nothing but which somehow conveyed an impression of
strength.
Eze Diali, the chief, sat at one end f his reception hall ringed by the village elders who he had called to a
meeting. The rest of the hall was filled with much younger men.
‘People of Chiolu, the chief began’, I have learnt that poachers from Aliakoro will be at the Great Pond tonight.
There is no doubt that they will try to steal from the Pond of Wagaba which as you know is rich in fish. Our
plan tonight is to bring one or more of these thieves home alive and ask for very large ransoms. This line of
action will have two effects. Firstly, it will prove our charges of poaching against the people of Aliakoro, and
secondly, the payment of very large ransom will be a deterrent. We need seven men for this venture. I call for
volunteers’
Who will head this party?’ the chief asked, looking round. Chituru, one of the elders, said’ ‘Eze Diali, let us not
waste time. Olumba is the man for the job. We all know that he had led many exploits like this one’. We still
need six men’, Eze Diali said. Eager youths came surging forward. Their well-formed muscle rippled as they
elbowed one another. It was difficult to choose.
‘I suggest Olumba should choose his men He knows the boys very well and his judgment should be reliable’. It
was Wezume, another village elder, who spoke.

1. Olumba wore amulet because he

A. he was superstitious
B. was a strong and fearless fighter
C. wanted to please his wife
D. wanted to instill fear in Eze Diali, the chief
E. believe in their power of protection

2. Olumba looked upwards because

A. he was searching for something in the sky
B. this was his usual practice
C. he was short and often had to look up
D. he lacked height
E. his wrestling pseudonym was agadaga

3. 'Poaching ‘means
A. stealing
B. cracking eggs
C. fishing
D. demanding ransom from Aliakoro
E. deterring thieves

4. The chief called meeting because

A. he wanted volunteers to go to Aliakoro
B. he wanted to announce the fact that there would definitely be poachers from Chiolu at the Great Pond that
night
C. he wanted to ask for very large ransom because the people of Chiolu needed money for fishing
D. the elders had devised a plan to prevent the poaching
E. seven men were needed to bring seven thieves’ home

5. Why was Olumba chosen?

A. in order not to waste time
B. because his nickname conveyed an impression of strength
C. his amulet for luck were stronger than anyone else’s in the village
D. he had caught thieves alive before
E. the passage doesn’t say

PASSAGE B
In 1968 Nigeria was the world biggest producer of groundnuts (averaging 712,600 tonnes a year), the second
producer of cocoa (203, 600 tonnes) after Ghana, the fourth producer of tin (13,264 tonnes) and the biggest
producer of columbite. Oil palm, growing wild and in plantation in the south, supplied half the world’s export
of palm kernels (407, 200 tons) and seventy per cent of the world’s export of palm oil (152, 700tonnes).
Nigeria forests covered some 310, 800 square kilometers and produced about 1.132 million cubic meters of
timber a year, for export as logs, sawn timber or plywood sheets. Rubber was grown by peasant farmers and,
increasingly in plantation; and was partially processed in local factories. The ancient livestock industry of the
north still supplies the whole country. About a million cattle are slaughtered annually, and the trade is now
being modernized and expanded. As a by-product of the type of skin inaccurately called ‘Moroccan leather’
comes from Nigeria.

6. According to the passage Nigeria used to be the be the world's biggest producer of
A. groundnuts
B. palm oil
C. rubber
D. groundnuts and columbites
E. palm kernels, groundnuts and cocoa

7. select the statement supported by the passage

A. Ghana produced more cocoa than Nigeria
B. oil palm and timber were Nigeria's most important export
C. the most important industry in Nigeria was the livestock industry
D. Nigerian forests covered 310, 800 square kilometers and produced about 1.132 million cubic meters of
timber a year
E. oil palm and rubber trees are always grown in plantations

8. indicate which statement is not supported by the passage

A. Columbite and groundnuts were Nigeria’s most important exports
B. in 1968 814,400 tons of palm kernels were exported
C. Nigeria supplied more than half the world’s palm oil
D. Timber constituted a major export in Nigeria
E. Moroccan leather is incorrectly named

9. Timber can be made into

A. columbite
B. plywood sheets
C. hides
D. leather
E. concrete floors
10. The last sentence implies that
A. there are several types of leather, one of which is Moroccan leather
B. ‘Moroccan leather’ is insufficiently named
C. a new type of skin
D. the type of skin known a ‘Moroccan leather’ comes from Nigeria
E. the type of skin called ‘Moroccan leather’ is incorrectly named

PASSAGE C
I was on top of one of my palm trees yesterday, tapping the tree and collecting the wine for the morning
when I saw two soldiers at the foot of the tree. They made signs at me, so I concluded that they wanted my
palm wine. On descending from the tree, I gave them the wine to sample, as is customary. Not only did they
drain all the wine in the calabash, they said they had come to conscript me into the army. I ask them weather
they wanted me or somebody else, and they said they had come for me. I asked them weather an enemy sent
them or they came on their own. To cut it short, they said I was wasting their time s they had to catch twenty
men that day. Only a foolish man willingly disobeys armed soldiers. I told them I had something very
important to say.
‘Say it, then’ one of them cut in impatiently, looking at his watch. It was approaching midday, by which time it
was considered unsafe to drive around in a car for fear of enemy planes which had learnt to strafe individual
vehicles on the highway.
‘Yes, what I want to say is simple’ I said, ‘My first son, the boy who should have succeeded me when I died,
joined the army voluntarily with my full backing. He was a brilliant boy, always first in his class. He was in his
last year at school when the war began. He was killed. The two children who came after him are girls. The next
boy is still in primary school. If he were old enough, I would have asked him to join the army not, minding that
the fact that my first son’s head had already been sacrificed to the same war. For no person who breathes,
will say that he has no part in this war.
‘But let me add this: - If this war has reached the stage when a man of my age is given a rifle by force and sent
to the war fri9ont, then the time has come for you to blow the whistle and end the war. That is all I want to
say!’.
11. The narrator is a farmer
A. farmer
B. tapper
C. wanderer
D. copper
E. friend of the soldiers

12. the soldiers had come to

A. visit the man
B. drink his palm wine
C. tell him about the war
D. force him into the army
E. warn him about the enemies

13. The army was short of personnel because the soldiers

A. were looking for new recruits
B. had lost the war
C. has suffered heavy losses
D. could not find people willing to sign on
E. had to recruit twenty men that day

14. The man would have sent his boy in the primary school to the army to show that
A. he supported the war effort
B. he wasn’t afraid to fight
C. the war concerned everyone alive
D. the war could still be won
E. his first son’s death meant nothing to him

15. from the man's concluding statement, you can infer that
A. the war had to be brought to an end
B. old men should not fight
C. whistles should be blown
D. only young men should fight
E. war is immoral
PASSAGE D
After many weary weeks of matching. Nzinga and her attendants arrived at the white wall of Luanda. The
guards at the city gates led them through the winding streets and up to the governor’s palace. A pompous
courtier, sweating and dirty in his thick clothes ordered them to wait amongst a crowd of people who had
come to beg favors of the governor.
Nzinga waited patiently, ignoring this insult to her royal dignity. She knew that her chance would come. The
hot sun beat down on the white walls of the palace, yet Nzinga stood straight and proud as the crowd of
Portuguese merchants mopped their sweating faces with damp lace handkerchiefs.
Much later the courtier came back. He knocked on the floor with his staff, and then announced in a loud
voice, ‘His Excellency Joao Correia de Souza, the Governor in Angola of His Most Royal and Catholic Majesty,
the king of Portugal’. The tired soldiers stood to attention and the courtiers and merchants bowed.
Nzinga became very impatient. Was she to stand here like a servant all day, waiting for this man to make up
his mind to hear her? She stepped forward, walked into the middle of the room and faced the governor. The
guards and the courtiers were so amazed that they could do nothing but gasp in amazement at this boldness.
‘Well, ‘murmured one of the merchants to his neighbor. ‘Now she will learn what trouble is! Don Joao will be
very angry. It is an insult to his dignity’. ‘What do you mean by this, asked the governor when he had
recovered from his surprise. ‘Who are you? Come, woman, state your business!’
But Nzinga was not afraid. In a clear, calm voice she answered him. ‘My first business is a chair,’ she said. The
governor laughed. ‘What do you mean?’ he asked. ‘You are seated, ‘she replied, ‘And you are only a governor,
a slave of your king. I am a princess and men do not sit where I stand. I will state my business seated!’
But Nzinga had learnt the strength of her enemy. She knew that she was already winning this contest of wills.
E
Whatever happens now, this man would not think that she has been sent by a beaten people to beg favors.
Without another word, she turned and made a sign to her maid. When the girl came to her, Nzinga ordered
her to kneel down. Then, with a flash or triumph in her eyes, Nzinga sat down on the girl’s back, Nzinga got
her treaty. Pride in herself and in her people had saved the day for the Mbundu.

16. what was the first insult to the princess' dignity?

A. being greeted by a pompous courtier, sweating and dirty
B. being ordered to wait amongst a crowd of people
C. not being given a lace handkerchief to mop for face
D. staying surrounded by tired soldiers and merchants
E. the courtiers mistakenly thinking she had come to beg favors of the Governor

17. who did Nzinga want to see?

A. the Governor of Africa
B. the King of Portugal
C. Luanda
D. Joao de Souza
E. The Royal Majesty

18. why did Nzinga became very impatient? because

A. she was made to wait to see the governor
B. she had to wait to the rear, instead of the middle of the room
C. she was told she was an insult to Don Joao's dignity
D. she was not offered a chair
E. men were sitting in her presence

19. why were the courtiers amazed?

A. none of them would have dared to speak to the Governor like the she did
B. Nzinga made the governor too surprised to speak
C. Nzinga showed she feared nobody
D. because Nzinga wanted to sit down
E. because Nzinga dared to sit down in the presence of the Governor

20. This story shows that

A. the legend of Queen Nzinga is true
B. Nzinga was brazen
C. Nzinga was a proud and fearless woman
D. Nzinga knew how to act and speak in front of the colonialists
E. the Mbundu people were proud to make Nzinga a queen after this incident
PASSAGE E
Professor Ikin emerged from the charm incident a changed man. During the preceding months when his wife
had talked persistently about Dr. Okoro and his American friends he had paid little heed to her. He assumed
that nagging was her way of life. Dr. Okoro did not constitute a threat to him; they were not in the same
department so they could not be competing for the headship of the department. Even if they thought the
same subject, Okoro could surely not deem to be a rival to him. He was an Associate Professor while Okoro
had only just become a Lecturer Grade II. If he had yielded to his father’s pressure to marry early, he might
have produced a child as old as Dr. Okoro. Two members of the Provisional Council had had intentionally
dropped broad hints that he was lined up to take over from Dr. Wilson as Vice Chancellor. He did not
therefore need to any more notice of Dr. Okoro’s attitude towards him than a cow take notice of a fly
perching on its back.
It was true Dr. Okoro got on well with the Americans who happened to be at the helm of the affair of Songhai.
But what could they do for him? At best, in the teeth of strong opposition from all quarters, they could make
him a Senior Lecturer. Even that will require the approval of the Provisional Council, and Okoro should not
take for granted that half the members would not accept him as a child born today who would attain full
maturity tomorrow. Professor Ikin knew what displeased the Americans about him – it was his lack of a Ph.D.,
but he hoped that over the years they would learn to judge a man by what he produces rather than by the
degrees he has accumulated. If they did not, it was just too bad because only an earthquake could move him
away from Songhai at such a crucial stage of its development.

21. from this passage it is clear that professor Ikin

A. loves his wife very dearly
B. doesn't value what his wife says
C. hates his wife
D. does not trust his wife
E. is not a serious man

22. Dr. Okon cannot be seen as a threat to professor Ikin because

A. he is very junior to professor Ikin in the university hierarchy
B. because a cow does not take notice of a fly perching on its back
C. professor Ikin is old enough to be Dr. Okoro's father
D. a Doctor is inferior to a professor
E. they do not teach the same subject

23. Professor Ikin is hopeful of advancement because

A. he is much older than Dr. Okoro
B. Dr. Wilson is retiring
C. he is influential in the Provisional Council
D. he received prior information of his possible appointment as Vice - Chancellor
E. he is a Professor

24. despite the fact that the Americans liked Dr. Okoro, he may not be made a senior lecturer because
A. the Americans are not influential
B. Professor Ikin is opposed to him
C. there will be opposition from all quarters
D. he would be judged by his qualifications
E. he may be considered inexperienced

25. The Americans are displeased with professor Ikin because

A. he hates Dr. Okoro
B. he does not like his wife
C. they see him as not sufficiently, academically qualified
D. they only like people who worship them
E. they are at the helm of affairs at Songhai

Fill in the blank spaces with the most appropriate of options A-E:

26. Monisola is sure to pass in September. She .... hard since the beginning of this term.
A. had been working
B. was working
C. is working
D. would work
E. has been working

27. Will you know if that dog is ……? He has lost a brown and Blake one
A. Adebowale’s
B. Adebowales’
C. Adebowale’s own
D. the Adebowale
E. the Adebowale’s

28. The old shoemaker at the corner of our street is .... so, I hope you will patronize him
A. mine shoemaker
B. a tight friend
C. a good customer
D. my customer
E. a close friend

29. The students in my junior class seem to have performed .... they did last year
A. as brilliant as
B. more brilliant than
C. as brilliantly
D. brilliantly than
E. same brilliantly as

30. After the 1980 Ogunpa floods, our association received many letters from those adversely affected and we
resolved to ....
A. Assist them
B. Invite them
C. Respond them
D. Pity them
E. Query them.

31. Fill the blank spaces with the most appropriate of options A-E:
Jane and Jarawa love …. Very much.
A. Themselves
B. Each other
C. One another
D. Their selves
E. Each other’s

32. I shall travel to Lagos by …. Next week.

A. Air or with lorry
B. Aircraft or by road
C. Airways or by bus
D. Air or by road
E. Flight or by bus

33. You can never get …. With stealing the presidential jet. You will be caught.
A. By
B. Away
C. Bye
D. Free
E. Scot free

34. She got into trouble because she refused to listen to the …. given by her friends and relatives.
A. Many of the advice
B. Series of advices
C. Pieces of advices
D. Advice
E. Lots of advices

35. The armed robbers stabbed the driver …. the back

A. In
B. On
C. At
D. Inside
E. By

36. I …... him before he came into the room.

A. Have seen
B. Have not
C. Used to see
D. See
E. Had seen

37. I am disappointed …. the ways you conducted yourself at the party.

A. By
B. For
C. Due to
D. At
E. According to

38. You can go on; I …. what you are saying.

A. Am understanding
B. May be understanding
C. Was understanding
D. Will be understanding
E. Understand

39. When we were coming back from the picnic last Friday, there …. on EKO bridge.
A. Were many traffics
B. Was much traffic
C. Were plenty traffic
D. Were lots of traffic
E. Was a few traffic

40. I have refused to give him my pen because I don’t want him to …... it again.
A. Loss
B. Loose
C. Lose
D. Lost
E. Lend

41. We were all delighted when the beautiful lady in our house …... a bouncing baby boy.
A. Delivered
B. Born
C. Brought forth
D. Gave birth to
E. Gave bath to

42. Always remember to …... the lights before leaving the room.
A. Put off
B. Blow off
C. Off
D. Put out
E. Switch off

43. I’m sorry I can’t go to the theatre with you as I have …. to do.
A. Many works
B. A work
C. Plenty work
D. Much work
E. Lots and lots of work

44. The wicked boy threw a stone at the bird smashing …. two legs.
A. Its
B. It’s
C. It
D. Is
E. Its’

45. When the policemen received …. about the hideout of the armed robbers, they went there in full force to
arrest them.
A. Full informations
B. All the necessary informations
C. Some informations
D. An information
E. Full information

46. On such an important …. all the guests were expected to be at their best.
A. Occassion
B. Occasion
C. Ocassion
D. Ocasion
E. Occation

47. Chike, who plays in the first eleven, is an expert …. dribbling

A. For
B. By
C. At
D. With
E. On

48. Musa asked Asmau what she …. Since, he last saw her.
A. Has been doing
B. Had been doing
C. Has done
D. Was doing
E. Might be doing

49. The violent storm that occurred on Easter Monday destroyed many houses and caused …. in Lagos
generally.
A. Heavy damages
B. Much damage
C. Several damages
D. Plenty damages
E. Many damages

50. Would you mind …. the door, please?

A. To shut
B. To be shutting
C. Shutting
D. To have been shutting
E. To have shut

51. The angry woman shouted and cursed in language .... shocking for words
A. very
B. far
C. so
D. quite
E. too

52. The evidence of all the accused persons .... by the judge sitting at No 2 Assizes last week.
A. were disbelieved
B. was disbelieved
C. is disbelieved
D. are disbelieved
E. has been disbelieved

53. There are puddles in the road. It ....

A. rains
B. will be raining
C. had to rain
D. must rain
E. must have been raining

54. By next June he .... four novels

A. will write
B. is writing
C. will have written
D. had written
E. has written

55. Do come tonight, but don't expect me to speak to you because I .... an interesting programme on
television when you arrive
A. am watching
B. watch
C. watched
D. shall be watching
E. have watched
56. .... any good films lately?
A. You would like to see
B. Have you seen
C. Are you going to see
D. Would you see
E. You are seeing

57. His hair needs ....

A. to cut
B. to have cut
C. being cut
D. to be cutting
E. cutting

58. .... fewer strikes since the profit-sharing schemes were introduced.
A. There have been
B. There are
C. There were
D. There are going to be
E. There was

59. Everybody hates .... kept waiting

A. be
B. being
C. to be
D. for being
E. in being

60. I am not used to .... on the left

A. drive
B. having driven
C. driving
D. have driven
E. being driving

61. What made you ... that?

A. have said
B. to say
C. saying
D. said
E. say
62. F: Can I clean the old engine inn the sitting room?
T: I would rather …… it in the garage.
A. you cleaned
B. you are cleaning
C. you clean
D. you will clean
E. didn’t clean

63. Radium .... Maria Sklodowska Curie.

A. discovered
B. is discovering
C. has discovered
D. was discovered by
E. had been discovered by

64. His English was so good that he .... for an Englishman

A. took
B. is taken
C. was taken
D. has taken
E. is taking

65. If you .... me that you had run out of petrol, I would have given you some.
A. were to tell
B. tell
C. have told
D. would tell
E. had told

66. X: How do you want to be paid? In cash or by cheque?

Y: They asked him .... in cash or by cheque
A. how he wanted to be paid
B. whether he wanted to be paid
C. how he wants the money
D. how to pay
E. how did he want to be paid
67. S: I translated the story into Hausa for him
T: You …... have translated. He knows the Hausa very well
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. wouldn’t
E. couldn’t

68. Can you buy African souvenirs in any other shops? OR .... can you buy African souvenirs?
A. What place
B. Which place
C. Where
D. Where else
E. Wherever

69. Put .... your watch, it is half an hour fast.

A. away
B. up
C. on
D. forward
E. back

70. You look very tired, a cup of tea will .... you some good!
A. make
B. do
C. give
D. set
E. put

71. When he was knocked on the head, he fell to the ground ....
A. collapsed
B. fainted
C. unconscious
D. conscious
E. noisily

72. There was a loud bang .... we thought it was the television, but it wasn't
A. at last
B. at first
C. at least
D. at the moment
E. at present

73. Plans for a rise in production .... through when a strike started
A. went
B. came
C. set
D. carried
E. fell

74. She used to be very untidy but she has grown ... it now
A. out of
B. from
C. without
D. away with
E. by

75. In the past 20 years, many patients .... by the doctors in the specialist hospital.
A. are treated
B. were loved to treated
C. have been treated
D. treated
E. have treated

76. The catering manageress saw to it that the morning meal .... by 07.00 hours everyday
A. is prepared
B. used to prepare
C. has been prepared
D. was prepared
E. used to be prepared

77. It .... so hard that all the cars have stopped moving.
A. rains
B. will rain
C. is raining
D. was raining
E. might rain

78. When next I come to see you, you ... in your new home.
A. are already living
B. will already be living
C. will already live
D. will have lived
E. have already been living

79. .... to your birthday party in September?

A. May I come
B. Will I come
C. Would I come
D. Might I come
E. Shall I come

Choose the word or phrase from the option A-E which has the nearest in meaning to the underlined word or
words in each sentence:
80. The minister hit on a plan to retain his post after many months of lobbying
A. beat a plan
B. drew up a plan
C. discovered a plan
D. selected a plan
E. designed a plan

81. The students decided to go without breakfast in order to save money for the needy. They decided to
A. travel and leave their breakfast at home
B. go outside for breakfast
C. go for launch rather than breakfast
D. forgo breakfast
E. reject breakfast

82. Ekwensi's account with the Naira bank is in the red. His account
A. was written in red ink
B. is overdrawn
C. is in danger
D. is special
E. is heavy

83. He is traveling tomorrow.

A. He may travel tomorrow
B. He will travel tomorrow
C. He has to travel tomorrow
D. He should travel tomorrow
E. He can travel tomorrow

84. He should be able to do it alone.

A. He would be able to do it alone
B. He ought to be able to do it alone
C. He may be able to do it alone
D. He has to be able to do it alone
E. He will do it alone

85. He will smoke continuously when he is depressed

A. He smokes continuously whenever he is depressed
B. He intends to smoke continuously whenever he is depressed
C. He wishes to smoke continuously when he is depressed
D. He may smoke continuously when he is depressed
E. He can smoke continuously when he is depressed

86. Shade is to come home tomorrow

A. Shade is planning to come home tomorrow
B. Shade may come home tomorrow
C. Shade wants to come home tomorrow
D. Shade is expected to come home tomorrow
E. Shade wish to come home tomorrow

87. John must be happy today

A. I am sure John is happy today
B. John is happy today
C. I hope John is happy today
D. It is possible John is Happy today
E. John maybe happy today

88. You can talk to her.

A. You are permitted to talk to her
B. You must talk to her
C. You might talk to her
D. Nothing prevents you from talking to her
E. A & D

89. The general promised the soldier would go back to the barracks
A. barricade
B. army
C. military training school
D. soldiers' quarters
E. civilian quarters

90. My mother has refused to come to live in Lagos because she prefers the tranquil life in the village to the
hurly burly of the city.
A. free
B. prosperous
C. peaceful
D. decent
E. happy

91. Most of the time my Boss tells cock and bull stories
A. costly
B. unreasonable
C. clever
D. untrue
E. funny

92. My friend will hate his uncle forever because he left him in the lurch in his hour of need
A. Abandoned him
B. punished him
C. disrespect him
D. disinherited him
E. despised him
93. When you go to a foreign country to study, you will discover that life is not always a bed of roses.
A. as pleasant as one thought
B. a bed without roses
C. an unmitigated disappointment
D. as expected
E. uncomfortable

94. A lorry larger than an elephant was stuck on the bridge.

A. as large as an elephant
B. caring an elephant
C. that looked like an elephant
D. with elephantiasis
E. of enormous proportions

95. There is an end - of - session party tonight but Sola hasn't finished her term paper. She's unlikely to come
A. I doubt whether she will come
B. She will likely come
C. It isn't unlikely her to come
D. She doesn't like coming to party
E. there is a small possibility that she might come

96. Never in the history of human conflict has so much been owed by so many to so few.
A. Many people owed much money at the end of the war
B. A handful of people saved the lives of a nation
C. A few people did a lot of things gratis
D. This conflict caused the largest ransom ever demanded
E. Very little was owed by anyone to anybody

97. While most of our recently elected legislators are living a life of affluence and ostentation the vast
majority of those who elected them into office are unhappy
A. influence
B. pleasure
C. poverty
D. happiness
E. consequence

98. It is generally believed that misers are not loved by many

A. spendthrifts
B. spenders
C. hoarders
D. savers
E. thieves
99. My brother's primary school foundation was solid and this affected his secondary education
A. sound
B. sordid
C. shaky
D. weak
E. uneventful

100. Politicians and holders of political appointments are generally assumed to be cunning:
A. kind
B. straightforward
C. generous
D. even handed
E. sly

COMPREHENSION 1983

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it
PASSAGE A
The approach to the university is being restricted to ease the flow of traffic, give better security and provide
appropriate introduction to a set of higher learning. The Works and Services Complex is also under
construction and we intend to move into the complete |(major) part of it within the next few weeks. All these
projects are being executed with an eye to aesthetics, for we recognize the important influence of a beautiful
and healthy environment on its inhabitants and feel that a cluster of buildings on a small space such as we
have should be so well designed as to have a beneficial psychological and sociological effect on all members of
the community.
I have gone to this length to itemize these examples of current development for two main reasons. Firstly, to
advise you that the road diversions and other physical inconveniences, currently being experienced will be on
the increase because of intense development activity. We therefore appeal to you to bear with us in full
knowledge and consolation that such inconveniences are temporary and will soon yield final tangible results.
Secondly, to demonstrate our capacity for executing approved projects with dispatch, and to assure
Government that we are up to the task. Indeed, I can assure Government that its ability to disburse funds to
us will be more than matched by our capacity to collect and expend them on executing various worthy
projects in record time.

1. from the passage we can gather that

A. there is not much considerations for the health of the inhabitants
B. there is deliberate effort to inconvenience the people
C. buildings are put up anyhow
D. projects are carried out without approval
E. the inconveniences suffered by the inhabitants will be for a while

2. unless it can be shown that the money voted for projects can be spent on them in good time
A. the development activity will not be intense
B. it will not be easy to convince the Government of our executive ability
C. it will not be difficult to ask Government for funds
D. our final results will be unreliable
E. the road diversions and other inconveniences will continue

3. An eye to aesthetics in this passage means

A. regard for space
B. beneficial psychological effects
C. regard for health
D. consideration for beauty
E. a cluster of building

4. In the passage the author tries to explain why

A. it is necessary to establish the Works and Services Complex in the University
B. beauty should not be taken into consideration when building on such a small space as we have
C. the gateway to the University is being rebuilt
D. a major part of the project should be completed in the next few weeks
E. visitors should be debarred from using the gates in the meantime

5. which of these is NOT among the reasons given by the author for enumerating the examples of the current
development?
A. to show that we are capable of executing approved projects
B. to convince the government that we can be trusted with the task
C. the inconveniences currently being experienced will go on indefinitely
D. we are fully aware of the inconveniences being caused but we do not want you to complain
E. we have the capacity to complete worthy projects within the scheduled time
6. According to the author, some magistrate sentence prisoners to hard labor because
A. some prisoners are unwilling to work
B. work is a privilege
C. prisoners need to learn a trade
D. it is an additional punishment
E. it is a means of rehabilitation

7. which of these is NOT the purpose of work in a programme of rehabilitation?

A. training the prisoners to have satisfaction in work
B. developing in them a pride in sense if achievement
C. developing in them more satisfaction in work than in crime
D. helping them to accelerate their reform and discharge
E. Training them for work and by work

8. The author thinks that strenuous work in prison

A. is a privilege for the prisoners
B. may do more harm than good
C. is part of their punishment
D. is a right and proper thing
E. should be an additional punishment

9. What the author is trying to put across in this passage is that

A. crime does not pay
B. prisoners should be made to work hard
C. work is more desirable than crime
D. life in prison is one of misery
E. work in prism without a purpose is bad

10. Demoralizing in this passage means

A. deforming
B. reforming
C. agonizing
D. destructive
E. corrupting

11. In Malawi, the 'Save the Children Fund' was formed

A. by an English woman named Miss Jebb in 1919
B. in 1919 under the patronage of His Excellency the Life President Ngawazi Dr. H. Kamuzi Banda
C. under the patronage of His Excellency the Life President Ngawazi Dr. H. Kamuzu Banda in 1953
D. in 1953 by a group of social workers headed by Dr. Mbagunda E.
E. none of the above

12. The 'Save the Children Fund' in Malawi helps needy children by
A. finding families which are willing to adopt the children
B. finding sponsors for the children's education and by opening nutrition centers
C. giving loans and scholarships to children who cannot afford to continue their education
D. running institutions which give free food
E. clothing and lodging poor children without parents

13. Samuel Mpetechula was able to graduate from Chancellor because

A. of the financial assistance given to him by his sponsors
B. his uncle paid his education fees
C. he was able to win a scholarship to the university
D. the SCF subsidized his education expenses
E. of the assistance given to him by the Australian Government

14. Combat malnutrition means

A. struggle against the eating of the wrong type of food
B. fight ill health caused by over-feeding
C. wipe out ignorance
D. fight to wipe out ill-health caused by lack of food
E. fight against hunger

15. Deprived of means

A. spared
B. prevented from getting
C. robbed of
D. unable to take
E. snatched from

PASSAGE D
At the time of trouble in Ireland, a priest said, ‘Man is half beast’, A diplomat replied, ‘Yes. And the beast is the
half I like the best’. The priest meant that beasts behave as badly as man when man makes up his mind to
behave badly. If you look at the folly and cruelty of today’s world, it is hard to disagree with the diplomat or
the priest. But human nature can be changed. Anybody, if that is what they most want to do, can change the
most difficult person they know. The art of changing people has been lost in the modern world. That is why
the modern world has lost its way.
There are two ways of looking at human nature. One is to make the best of it and it is assume that it is the raw
material of life which cannot be altered. That is what most people in the free world to today. In these
circumstances, if you expect the worst, you are seldom disappointed. Faith today has become irrelevant to the
everyday needs, of so many people in positions of responsibility because they do not expect faith to change
men.
Another way of dealing with human nature is to exploit it. All materialistic s, whether of the right or the left,
do this. All over the world vanity, fear, ambition, lust and greed are used to control the life of men; and if the
control breaks down, man does not hesitate to use force, or to destroy life. The end, he says, justifies the
means and men are only of value in so far as they are a means towards the achievement of his ambition. If
they cannot be bribed or forced to play their part, then they must be liquidated.
16. The priest meant that
A. man is both beast and human
B. man could be worse than a beast if he wants to
C. he liked beast more than man
D. he liked both man and beast
E. really, a man cannot be a beast

17. The modern world has lost its way because

A. it no longer believes in God
B. ambition has made people greedy
C. people are no longer interested in one another
D. the technique influencing people is no more
E. people are just too selfish

18. What most people do in the free world today is to

A. leave other people alone
B. assume that human nature is bad
C. accepts human nature as it is since it is immutable
D. attempt to change the world
E. leave the world as it is

19. Faith today is by and large irrelevant because

A. nobody thinks it can alter human nature
B. most people do not believe in God
C. being in a position of responsibility nullifies the importance of faith
D. responsible people need not bother about faith
E. the faithful are very few in the world anyway

20. materials can be found

A. in capitalist countries
B. in communist countries
C. in less developed countries
D. among people who do not have neighbors
E. all over the world
PASSAGE E
Typical Zacharia! Devil-may are and irreverent as ever. No doubt he was just the same when he was cook to a
Greek trader in the town. In fact, I suspect that to him the Reverend Father is just another sort of trader.
Conceited ass, thinking himself superior to the Father! And in what is he superior? Success with women
perhaps? Zacharia knows that they all admire him and is always striving for still more admiration. He dresses
sharply and walks in a haughty manner that suits in his tallness. And then he feeds his pride on the swarms of
girls who run after him. It’s maddening to him how little you need to attract them. I remember my mother
coming home from market in the town, after selling her vegetables and cocoa. How indignant she was ‘It’s so
shameful, ‘she cried,’ our best-looking and most respectable girls go to town and throw themselves at
strangers as ugly as sin, speaking the most outlandish tongue. Men I can scarcely look at without shuddering!
And why? Just money! Money! Ah, what a world! And my father replied in a buried voice, ‘It is the times!’ ‘the
times!’ shouted mother ‘can you imagine my child Ann with creatures like those?
But perhaps the girls who chase Zacharia aren’t drawn by his tallness or his leather shoes. Perhaps they’re
only after childish things, a bit of bread or a pot of jam, knowing that he’s a cook. My father often says women
are like children in their desires. And after all, I too can boast a little. Plenty of women turn to look at me,
especially when I’m dressed all in white! But I’m not vain enough to fuse over a little thing like that. Not like
Zacharia, who doesn’t know women are simply children.

21. Zachariah
A. was the cook of a trade
B. worked for a priest
C. worked for the speaker's mother
D. was a rich man
E. was a handsome man

22. which of the following was NOT a quality of Zachariah’s character

A. vanity
B. lack of respect for others
C. Humility
D. Arrogance
E. Insubordination

23. The girls were apparently attracted to Zacharia by

A. wealth
B. the life of towns
C. the appearance of the young men
D. the fact that the young men spoke strange dialects
E. food

24. From the passage we can conclude that the young girls were
A. attractive
B. religious
C. modern
D. easily led
E. indifferent

25. The speaker's mother considered that

A. things were not as good as they use to be
B. women were foolish
C. the world was corrupt
D. the love of money was the root of all evil
E. it was necessary for attitudes to change
In the question below, choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined:
26. The story has to be taken with a grain of salt. This means that
A. you need some salt to listen to the story
B. there is not salt in the story
C. the story is questionable
D. the story is true
E. you have too much salt in story

27. It is usually hard to change the course of action when one crosses the Rubicon. The underlined expression,
as used in this sentence means to
A. pass through a place called Rubicon
B. cross a river called Rubicon
C. cross a bridge called Rubicon
D. pass a special test
E. be irrevocably committed

28. The salesman tried to pull the wool over by the eye. This implies that the salesman tried to
A. force me to buy his goods
B. offer me cotton wool
C. make me by his wool
D. dupe me
E. cover my eyes with wool

29. Ijeoma counted her chickens before they were hatched. This means that Ijeoma
A. regarded each egg as a chicken
B. hatched the egg prematurely
C. assumed that her expectation had already been realized
D. protected her eggs from breaking
E. insured the eggs

30. Solo has resigned his job with the textile mills. He doesn't seem to worry about getting another job. His
plans are still quite in the air. This means that his plans are
A. airmailed
B. airtight
C. uncertain
D. certain
E. airborne

31. Ike is head over heels in love with Ngozi. This means that
A. Ike is friendly with Ngozi
B. Ike is trying to fall in love with Ngozi
C. Ngozi fell on Ike's heel and both of them fell in love
D. Ike is madly in love with Ngozi
E. none of the above
32. The legislator has decided to play second fiddle after he had been walked out of the assembly for violating
basic procedures of the House. This means that the legislator has decided to
A. oppose every motion in the House
B. support every motion in the House
C. condemn every motion
D. support the lead given by the others
E. become active in the house

33. Old customs die hard. This implies that old customs
A. cause a lot of hardship and death
B. must be stopped
C. never die out
D. cause hardship for younger people
E. tend to last for a long time

34. The convict said. he was tired of leading a dog's life. To lead a dog's life means to live
A. carelessly
B. in disgrace
C. in solitude
D. in misery
E. in poverty

In the question below, choose the expression or word which best completes each sentence:
35. After the initial confusion, the Manager's suggestion brought .... to the depressed investors
A. a glitter of hope
B. a glimmer of hope
C. a sparkle of hope
D. a raise of hope
E. a shower of hope

36. The farmer has bought the insecticide because he was bent on .... the insects in his farm.
A. exterminating
B. estimating
C. extenuating
D. extinguishing
E. exemplifying

37. The young lady decided to ....

A. do away with the many advices given by her relatives
B. reject all the advices given by her relations
C. take to all the advice given by her relations
D. take to all the advices given by her relations
E. eject all the advice given by her relatives
38. Two ministers found it very difficult to get ....
A. through with each other in the cabinet
B. by with one another
C. through with one another
D. off from each other
E. on with each other

39. The School Board has placed an order for ....

A. all the furnitures and equipments required in the new schools
B. all the furniture and equipment required in the new schools
C. all of the furniture and equipments required in the new school
D. many of the furnitures and equipment required in the new school
E. many of the furnitures and equipments required in the new schools

40. On his way back the boy ran into a long procession of men, women and children in ....
A. white beautiful exceedingly flowing gowns
B. exceedingly flowing white beautiful gowns
C. exceedingly beautiful white flowing gowns
D. white flowing exceedingly beautiful gowns
E. flowing exceedingly white beautiful gowns

41. The proprietors should be blamed for a deplorable condition in the nursery schools …….
A. isn’t it
B. shouldn’t they
C. should they
D. is it
E. shouldn’t it

42. I could not believe that our team .... the match after being in the lead for most of the match
A. to lose
B. lost
C. will be losing
D. losing
E. loosen

43. The head of Department is away to Murtala Mohammed Airport and has asked Dr. Haruna to stand .... for
him
A. out
B. in
C. on
D. across
E. about
44. The commission was set up to enquire .... the general conditions of child abuse in such institution
A. at
B. from
C. after
D. before
E. into

45. We hold that the nation, both in its public and private sectors .... the best consultancy service and advice
in all its endeavors
A. deserve
B. deserving
C. deserves
D. are deserving
E. richly deserve

46. The situation has deteriorated sharply and relations between the two countries may soon be ....
A. removed
B. broken
C. withdrawn
D. eliminated
E. deferred

47. One of the men .... round the lawn three times every evening
A. use to run
B. are use to run
C. is used to running
D. are used to run
E. are used to running

48. The problems of Nigeria's worsening economy seem to have .... an immediate solution
A. defined
B. defied
C. rejected
D. rewarded
E. retained

49. This conference is designed to enable delegates .... their personal interest with specialist in various fields
A. to discuss about
B. discussing
C. to discuss
D. for discussing
E. by discussing

50. The car owner does not think about the .... of his vehicle and the other payments involved in owning it
A. transportation
B. depreciation
C. calculation
D. appreciation
E. association

51. The very moment she .... her folly, she will come back to apologize
A. realized
B. is realizing
C. will realize
D. has realized
E. realizes

52. The lazy candidate suggested that it ....

A. is time we do away with JAMB
B. was time we do away with JAMB
C. is time we did away with JAMB
D. was time we did away with JAMB
E. is time we are done away with JAMB

53. I do not want the light in my room .... when asleep

A. turned off
B. turn off
C. to run out
D. turned out
E. turned in

54. I have applied for .... on the campus and almost certain I shall get it
A. acommodation
B. accommondation
C. accomodation
D. acomoddation
E. accommodation

55. The dead body of the armed robber has ... in the street for three days
A. laid
B. lain
C. layed
D. lied
E. lay

56. Candidates who are not accustomed to .... fast will find it difficult to finish this paper
A. write
B. have written
C. be writing
D. writing
E. having written

57. Do you mind .... another minute or two?

A. to wait
B. wait
C. waiting
D. having awaited
E. being awaited

58. We shall offer a good job to a ... to register guests in the Central Hotel
A. waiter
B. watchman
C. cashier
D. receptionist
E. cleaner

59. I've lived .... this street .... ten years.

A. at, since
B. for, during
C. on, for
D. on, from
E. in, for

60. North Africa is .... than Northern Europe.

A. hotter
B. more hot
C. more hotter
D. the hottest
E. hot

61. I .... a lot when I was a student

A. used travelling
B. was used to travel
C. used to travel
D. used travel
E. was used to travelling

62. I wish I .... your age

A. to be
B. were
C. to have been
D. would be
E. could be

63. I am looking forward to ...... you

A. seeing
B. see
C. have seen
D. will see
E. be see

64. I can't afford another loan, I have .... money left in my account
A. a few
B. a little
C. little
D. few
E. some

65. I told you, you would miss the bus. You .... left home earlier
A. can't have
B. must have
C. will have
D. should have
E. had to have

66. I always prefer the theatre .... the cinema

A. than
B. then
C. on top of
D. before
E. to

67. He acts ...... he were a manager

A. like
B. such as
C. such
D. as
E. as if

68. Don't .... the teacher that he .... that?

A. tell, said
B. say, tells
C. talk, spoke
D. speak, talked
E. tell, told
69. He is very tired. He really is .... staying up late
A. getting used to
B. not used to
C. got used to
D. used to
E. being used to

70. He has only ordered some lettuce and tea. He …... on a diet. He is a bit too fat
A. can’t be
B. needn’t be
C. must be
D. mustn’t be
E. shouldn’t be

71. Had she known he was a highway robber she would not have married him. This means
A. she married him before she knew he was a robber
B. she knew he was a robber when she married him
C. she did not marry him because she was a robber
D. she refused to marry the man when she knew he was a robber
E. she was a robber marrying a highway robber

72. Jide is being forced to go to Lagos tomorrow. This means that Jide
A. will go to Lagos
B. must go to Lagos
C. wishes to go to Lagos
D. is going to Lagos
E. goes to Lagos

73. It is sheer fantasy to believe that there could never be a miscalculation by any nation that has atomic
weapons. Fantasy means
A. dream
B. hope
C. nonsense
D. joke
E. stupidity

74. The ingenious scheme of the robber broke down because of the efficiency of the police
officer. Ingenious here means
A. suspicious
B. ambitious
C. deceitful
D. clever
E. stupid

Select the wrongly spelt word from the options below:

75
A. disappointed
B. embarrassed
C. equipped
D. rhythm
E. restaurant

76.
A. occurrences
B. surprise
C. personnel
D. possess
E. curiosity

77.
A. quiet
B. believe
C. proceed
D. precede
E. opportunity

In the question below fill in the right word/phrase:

78. There is not .... sense in what that politician has just said
A. many
B. plenty
C. lot of
D. much
E. big

79. He .... the book to the library last week

A. has returned
B. had returned
C. was returning
D. returned
E. was to be returning

80. The candidate made .... at the village square a day before the election
A. a sermon
B. an address
C. a eulogy
D. a lecture
E. a speech

81. The policeman was sent to .... the allegation made by the man
A. investigate
B. examine
C. probe
D. enquire
E. observe

In the question below which of the following options express the same idea as the one in quotes?

82. 'To be in the red', is to be

A. in debt
B. rich
C. a socialist
D. red
E. dressed in red

83. 'To beat down the price' is to

A. flog the price
B. reduce the price
C. beat the salesman
D. attack the seller
E. control the price

84. 'To ask after a friend' is to

A. Ask questions about the friend
B. inquire about the friend's welfare
C. go after the friend
D. like the friend
E. take after the friend

85. 'An open secret' means

A. a fact that is very secret
B. an open matter
C. a secret known to everybody
D. a confidential matter
E. a secret told in the open air

86. 'To put something aside' is to

A. put it by one’s side
B. put it in a side pocket for future use
C. keep something for some special purpose
D. keep in safety
E. protect it

In the question below choose the phrase or word which best completes the meaning of each sentence:

87. One of the .... during the football match led to a fight between the teams
A. incidence
B. incidences
C. incidents
D. occasions
E. linesman

88. He used to play tennis, but he doesn't ....

A. as of now
B. any longer
C. again
D. presently
E. since

89. He was .... he had no time to eat

A. so busy that
B. very busy
C. very busy that
D. too busy that
E. busy that

90. It had been raining before the match started, ...?

A. isn't it
B. hasn't it
C. hadn't it
D. wasn't it
E. is it
91. The mechanic said that he …... mend my car before Saturday
A. can’t
B. couldn’t
C. can’t be able to
D. couldn’t be able to
E. wouldn’t be able to

92. There was a fire in the market last week which resulted ...... a terrible destruction of property
A. in
B. to
C. from
D. into
E. with

93. At the end of the month we .... each other for five years
A. would know
B. should have known
C. should be knowing
D. would have been
E. used to know

94. The body is sensitive to changes in velocity which, if too sudden ....
A. consciousness may be lost
B. it may lose consciousness
C. one may become unconscious
D. may cause loss of consciousness
E. may lose consciousness

In the question below select the option which best express the meaning of the phrase or word underlined:
95. The thought of his admission to the university keyed Olu up to state of great excitement
A. stimulated Olu
B. ushered Olu
C. opened Olu
D. frightened Olu
E. allowed Olu

96. After a careful review of Adamu's last examination result, the principal concluded that his
performance left much to be desired
A. was very unsatisfactory
B. was very satisfactory
C. was extremely desirable
D. was very brilliant
E. was extremely commendable

97. The president stood his ground because the committee member would not be persuaded to arrive at a
compromised on the issue being debated
A. yield his position
B. shifted his position
C. maintained his position
D. defended his position
E. resisted his position

98. The take home pay for many workers is such that they can hardly make both ends meet
A. live an honest live
B. finish their schedule of work
C. keep two jobs at a time
D. live within their income
E. live on both ends

99. When kerosine was poured on the fire, the effect was instantaneous
A. momentary
B. momentous
C. amazing
D. terrifying
E. immediate

100. It was interesting to observe the likeness between the pupil and his teacher
A. similarity
B. relationship
C. fondness
D. affection
E. affinity

1984 COMPREHENSION

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it.
PASSAGE A
It was summer, early afternoon. Jim ran into the station. The 4.30 train was about to leave. As he ran along
the platform, he saw a girl just ahead of him. She was young-about his age. He followed her into a carriage
and set down opposite her. She took out a magazine and was reading it. He took out a book and pretended to
do the same. After a minute he looked up and smiled at her. She didn’t smile back but gave him an
encouraging look. Both returned to their reading but this time she was pretending too.
He found her attractive and wanted to see her again. But how to arrange it? .......... He had an idea. He took an
old envelope out of his pocket and wrote the following wrote the following words: ‘Hello! My number is 123-
4567 and my name is Jim. I would very much like to see you again. Ring me at nine.
The train arrived at the terminal. Without looking at the girl, he handed her the envelope or rather threw it at
her and jumped off the train.
When he got home, he made himself a cup of coffee and wondered …perhaps she was one those naturally
friendly people who smile at everybody. He was listening to the radio when the telephone rang……...it was
only Umaru. Nine o’clock arrived, then 9.30- and no telephone call from the girl. Feeling miserable he went to
bed early.
It was a foggy morning. ‘Hello, is that Jim? This is Joan. You……it was two minutes past nine

1. On the train Jim was

A. reading a book
B. staring at the girl
C. pretending to read
D. looking through a magazine
E. reading a newspaper

2. He wanted to see the girl again because

A. it was summer
B. she was attractive
C. he wanted to read her magazine
D. she smiled at him
E. they had agreed to meet

3. He hoped to arrange a date with her by

A. writing a letter to her
B. ringing her up
C. waiting at the station
D. handing in a short note in a hurry
E. sending a telegram

4. That evening he had a telephone call from

A. his colleague, Umaru
B. the girl he met on the train
C. the railway authorities
D. nobody at all
E. Joan

5. The source of misunderstand was

A. his natural shyness
B. the station clock being out of order
C. the time given by Jim was 9o’clock a.m. or p.m.?
D. the foggy mourning
E. Jim faulty wrist watch

PASSAGE B
A British electronics manufacturer has built a factory in which quartz crystals can be grown in 3 weeks. The
natural growth of quartz takes 3 million years, and very often the crystals are not sufficiently pure to satisfy
the precise needs of science. However, the manufactured crystals are exceptionally pure, and this is important
because quartz, in transistors is used in an astonishing number of devices where constant accuracy is
required: radio and television transmitters and receivers, space satellites and computers are familiar
examples. In order to make artificial quartz, very small pieces of the natural crystal imported from Brazil are
placed in long, narrow, steel cylinders. A high pressure and a high temperature are maintained within the
cylinders for 3 weeks, and at the end of this the small fragments have grown to the required weight of one
pound. The quartz is then ready to be made into the tiny transistors that have replaced the much larger
thermionic valves.

6. The manufactured crystals have to be pure

A. because natural quartz is pure
B. to maintain hygiene in factory work
C. to satisfy the precise needs of importers
D. to satisfy the exact requirements of science
E. otherwise they would take 3 million years to grow.

7. According to the passage, quartz is used

A. only in a few devices
B. in a lot of devices
C. in wrist watches
D. for jewelry
E. for steel cylinders

8. Artificial quartz as compared with natural is

A. superior
B. inferior
C. just the same
D. varied
E. limited in use

9. Transistors have
A. helped to rode quartz
B. made radio and television inaccessible to the working populace
C. made transmitters and receivers smaller and lighter
D. retarded progress in electronics
E. made transmitters and receivers bigger and heavier

10. Artificial quartz is produced

A. in Brazil
B. from tiny transistors
C. in an astonishing number of devices
D. with the help of thermionic valves
E. from natural crystals within steel cylinders

PASSAGE C
Every artist’s work unless he be a hermit, creating solely for his own satisfaction and with on need of sales, is
to some extent ‘socially conditioned’, He depends upon the approval of his patrons. Social conditioning is of
course part of the field of study of the social anthropologist, yet I am not aware that the social conditioning of
artists has ever been seriously studied. That such study is needed for the proper appraisal of traditional
African art is evident enough when we note the ingenuous assumption, current in many writing on the
subject, that the carver’s hand is so closely controlled by the custom of centuries that the credit for any
creative imagination which is apparent in his work is due not to him but to the long succession of his
predecessors. Of course, there is an element of truth in this view of the tribal as copyist; but it is hardly more
valid for the Africa than for the European artist. In both cases the work of art is the outcome of a dialectic
between the informing tradition and the individual genius of the artist, and in both the relative strength of
these two forces may vary almost infinitely. To assess the personal ingredient in an African carving is no easy
matter, especially if one is confronted with a rare or unique piece in an unfamiliar style; but the
considerations involved are much the same as those employed in European art criticism.

11. Most artists are strongly influenced by the

A. desire for self - expression
B. need to sell their works
C. tastes and wishes of the society
D. creative imagination
E. opinions of critics

12. A social anthropologist is someone who

A. studies only social conditioning
B. is interested in art and artist
C. studies social conditions and other things
D. is interested in the community
E. studies the origins of man

13. It would be useful to study the social/conditioning of artist because

A. We know that African art is entirely influenced by tradition
B. traditional art arises from the customs of the people
C. an artist predecessor solely determine the nature of his work
D. we do not know the extent to which an artist is influence by his society
E. we do not know very much about how an artist’s creative imagination works

14. The work of art is the outcome of a dialectic between the informing tradition and the individual genius of
the artist' means that
A. the artist is influenced both by the society and by own creative imagination
B. there is an irreconcilable conflict that society makes on him
C. the artist subordinates his individual talent to the demands of the society
D. few works of art are entirely original
E. the individual artist needs to be informed about the traditions of the society

15. which of the following represents the writer’s view about African art in relation to European art?
A. The African artist is influenced by his society, but the European artist is not
B. In both African and European art there is a blend of tradition and individual creativity
C. Although traditional influences can be seen in European art, they much less strong than they are in African
art
D. African art is tribal, but European art is not
E. African artists are more imitative than European artists

PASSAGE D
One day, Alan, a friend of mine, who likes country life, was fishing in a river, when he caught a trout. He tried
to put fish in but it slipped off the hook, flew over his head and landed in a field behind him.
Alan put down his rod, went through the gate and started searching for his trout. Some people, obviously
from the city were having a picnic in the field. One of the men shouted. ‘What on earth are you doing?
Thinking that it was a silly question because they could see how hews dressed, Alan replied ‘Fishing’.
‘Don’t be silly, the fish are down in the river’, answered the man, ‘Fish don’t live fields! He turned to his
friends, laughing, thinking that he had made a good joke.
Oh, but they do, ‘said Alan, they jump out of the river to look for flies and I catch them with my hands. At that
moment he found his trout in the grass and picked it up and showed it to the picnickers. He put it in his basket
and bent down, as if he was hunting for another one. The picnickers, no longer laughing, spent the rest of the
day searching the field.

16. Why did the fish land in the field?

A. it had wings
B. it was a flying fish
C. it was looking for food
D. Alan pulled too hard
E. it fell off the hook

17. The picnickers were

A. farmers
B. from the nearby village
C. tourists
D. people from city
E. anglers like him

18. Where was Alan looking for his fish? He was looking for the fish
A. in the grass
B. down in the river
C. in front of the gate
D. in his basket
E. among the picnickers

19. Alan made the picnickers believe that fish jump out of the river to look for flies by
A. telling a story
B. finding his trout and showing it to them
C. taking them down to the river
D. watching how trout catch flies
E. picking up a fish and looking for more

20. 'He laughs best who laughs last'(proverb). it is true for this story because
A. the picnickers were enjoying themselves
B. finally he found his fish
C. Alan played a good trick on the picnickers
D. fishing is a pastime
E. Alan likes country life

PASSAGE E
In 1973 a Japanese sericulturist arrives in Malawi with a batch of 40,000 silkworm eggs. They were taken to
the Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station in Thyolo District. In this station, work is being done to determine
favorable silkworm rearing conditions and areas where mulberry trees, leaves the worms feed on, could grow
well. According to researchers, the silkworms- which eventually develop into cocoons from which raw silk is
produced – do well with warm climatic conditions.
Silk is one of the strongest of fibers. Infect, for thousands of years, silk fabrics have been regarded as the most
beautiful and durable materials woven by man. Many people call silk the cloth of kings and queens.
The weaving of silk originated in china. An old Chinese book believed to be written by Confucius, tells us that
the wife of Emperor Huang it was the first-person fabrics of silk. Around 2640 B.C Emperor Huang it asked his
wife His Ling-shih to study the worms that were destroying the mulberry trees in his garden. The Empress
took some of the cocoons into the palace to see what they were made of. She dropped one of the cocoons
into a bowl of boiling water and was amazed to see a cobweb-like tangle separate itself from the cocoon. She
picked up the gauzy mass and found that one of the threads could be unwound almost without end from the
cocoon. His Ling-shih had discovered silk. She was delighted with the discovery and even wove a ceremonial
robe for the Emperor out of the cocoon threads. After that, the officials in the Emperor’s court wore brightly
dyed silk robes on important occasions.
People in other countries regarded the new fibers as something rare and beautiful. A few traders went to
China to learn about making cloth from silk, but the Chines kept their silkworm a closely guarded secret.

21. Sericulture is
A. carried out only in China
B. the breeding of silkworms for the production of silk
C. the research done on silkworms
D. the making of cloth from the cocoons of silk worms
E. the breeding of silkworms in Malawi
22. It is implied in the passage that silk was discovered
A. after years of hard work and research by the Empress
B. by accident
C. in the search for a more durable fiber for making cloth
D. after some experiments carried out by the Japanese sericulturist
E. by design

23. According to sericulturist, silkworms

A. cannot survive in a warm climate
B. may be reared on any tree
C. do well in areas with a warm climate
D. produce the longest threads when they are fed leaves from the top of the mulberry tree
E. are destroyed by heat

24. The work carried out at the Agricultural Research Station in Malawi on the silkworm eggs was to
A. try to breed cocoons which would produce more silk
B. determine the survival rate of silkworms
C. find out the most suitable areas and conditions for rearing silkworms
D. search for better methods of rearing silkworms
E. find out how cocoons become silkworms

25. Choose the meaning which best fits the underlined phrase from the passage. Closely guarded secret
A. Carefully hidden from the knowledge of others
B. Secretly processed business with armed guards
C. Carefully hidden from the view of strangers
D. Scarcely known
E. Unknown

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined:

26. The meeting was cancelled because of the convocation

A. brought up
B. allied of
C. broke off
D. dropped out
E. phased out

27. Our town is so small that we are always meeting our schoolmates accidentally
A. coming across
B. falling into
C. knocking up
D. running up
E. running into
28. Can you give a good explanation for your behavior?
A. account for
B. call for
C. clear up
D. make up
E. give up

29. be careful! We are approaching the crossroads

A. look up
B. watch out
C. look out
D. hold up
E. look in

30. Thousands of students are candidates for the examination but only very few pass
A. come into
B. call for
C. go into
D. enter for
E. turn up for

31. He went through fire before he qualified as a doctor

A. had a fire accident
B. made a lot of fire
C. suffered a lot
D. underwent some purification
E. required a lot of fire

32. Osyaku started playing football because he thought it would develop him physically
A. took up football
B. picked up football
C. returned football
D. took up with football
E. put in for football

33. Once I have finished all my homework, I am permitted to watch television

A. I can only watch television at any time
B. I can only watch television after doing my homework
C. Television comes first, then homework second
D. I can only finish my homework after permission to watch television
E. after watching television I finished my homework

34. For all he cared, the game was a good as lost.

A. He did not care if the game was lost
B. He could not care less if the game was lost
C. He was almost certain that the game would be lost
D. He was afraid the game would be lost
E. The game was very good, and he cared very much about losing

35. A basic objective in this respect is the attainment of self-sufficiency in food in about a decade.
A. Food will soon be sufficient for everybody
B. Mass production of food
C. We should aim at producing food for sale and consumption in ten years
D. We should be able to feed ourselves in five years
E. Our aims is to provide enough food for our needs in ten years

36. In their desire to impress their friends and relatives, many young workers bite off more than they can
chew in terms of financial obligations.
A. have more money than sense
B. eat more than they can digest properly
C. spend too much money on food
D. care too much for their relatives
E. take on more responsibility than they can afford

37. All the efforts made to settle the quarrel were futile
A. successful
B. wicked
C. reasonable
D. remarkable
E. fruitless

In the question below select the word opposite in meaning to the underlined:

38. The new Inspector decide that the culprits should be brought to book
A. should have their names recorded in a book
B. should be brought before him to show whether they could read or not
C. should be booked
D. should be jailed
E. should be made to answer for their conduct

39. The long straight trunk of the tree is ideal for roundwood used like railway sleepers, rafters and fence posts
A. best
B. perfect
C. most unsuitable
D. satisfactory
E. poor
40. A book on style without abundant example seems to me as ineffectual as a book on biology without
abundant illustration
A. useless
B. difficult
C. interesting
D. satisfactory
E. attractive
In the question below choose the expression which best complete the sentence:

41. My uncle told me, 'I have a large house and you are welcome to the protection it offers'. O my uncle told
me that ......
A. he had a large house, and you are welcome to the protection it offers
B. he have a large house, and I was welcome to the protection it offered
C. had a large house and he was welcomed to the protection it offers
D. he had a large house, and I was welcome to the protection it offered
E. he has a large house, and I am welcome to the protection it offers

42. The manager said that unless the employees worked harder the factory would have to be closed. The
manager said that ....
A. the employees were not working hard, and so the factory would be closed
B. the employees should not close early so that they could produce more
C. the factory was not productive because the employees were lazy
D. the factory would be shut if the employees did not increase their output
E. the factory was closed because the employees did not work hard enough

43. The student who went home without an exit has apologized .... his misconduct
A. on
B. at
C. to
D. for
E. about

44. The man has atoned .... his sins

A. upon
B. on
C. for
D. at
E. against

45. The Headmaster was interviewed in connection .... the expansion project
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. about
E. at

46. What do you want me to do now? I'm .... withdrawing and keeping quiet
A. for
B. with
C. up
D. off
E. on

47. I am looking .... seeing your family.

A. ahead at
B. forward to
C. forward on
D. for to
E. ahead to

48. These folktales have been handed ...... from generation to generation
A. in
B. over
C. down
D. up
E. across

49. John arrived at the airport on time but he could not get .... the plane
A. into
B. on
C. in
D. to enter
E. to

50. The young lovers first met .... the university of Ibadan Havana Night dance
A. in
B. at
C. in course of
D. on
E. inside

51. I have not seen my housemaster .... the beginning of this session
A. from
B. in
C. for
D. at
E. since
52. The chairman of the state school board has advised students to desist ...... blackmailing college authorities
A. from
B. in
C. on
D. against
E. by

53. The most stupid boy in the class passed the examination contrary .... the expectation of others
A. upon
B. from
C. on
D. to
E. with

54. The principal remarked that it was the high standard of discipline that was instrumental .... the high
percentage of passes in the school
A. upon
B. to
C. with
D. on
E. in

55. She wounded the man ... the back with her knitting needle
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. by
E. upon

56. It took the father many days to get .... the untimely death if his son
A. off
B. over
C. by
D. through
E. across

57. While the worshippers closed their eyes in prayer, a thief made .... the collection
A. out
B. away
C. up
D. by
E. through

58. There is no doubt that every lady takes great pride .... her appearance.
A. with
B. in
C. at
D. on
E. about

59. If you keep playing with this door handle, it will get ....
A. loose
B. lose
C. lost
D. lossing
E. loosed

60. 'Have you given the patient his medicine?' The doctor asked the nurse ....
A. if you had given the patient his medicine?
B. had you given the patient his medicine?
C. have you given the patient his medicine?
D. if she had given the patient his medicine
E. if the patient is given his medicine

From the alternatives provided in the question below select the one which most appropriately completes the
sentence:

61. I was seriously disappointed when the .... between the two teams ended in a goalless draw.
A. march
B. marsch
C. match
D. mash
E. martch

62. Children's clothes have to be strong to stand .... rough use

A. with
B. in through
C. in for
D. up to
E. up for

63. Shall I make the cheque .... you or to your firm?

A. in for
B. up with
C. in with
D. up for
E. out to
64. The hotel .... is at Wurno Road.
A. which I am staying
B. in where I am staying
C. that I am staying
D. at which I am staying
E. I stay

65. .... the main points of the lectures given by the Director of the institute
A. Those were
B. That was
C. There were
D. This was
E. That is

66. I am sure that my mother will not find out. She is so .... that she will accept anything I tell her
A. credible
B. credulous
C. creditable
D. incredible
E. incredulous

67. The boys are very naughty. They have started fighting again ....
A., haven't they?
B. isn't it?
C. not so?
D., have they?
E. is it?

68. If only I ...... insured! But I wasn't. Now I have to pay a lot of money
A. am
B. have been
C. had been
D. would be
E. was to be

69. Do you mind if I wait for the reply? I'd rather you ...... again tomorrow
A. called
B. will call
C. can call
D. call
E. were calling

70. Olu: How do you want the money in cash or in traveler’s cheques? Ali: Beg your pardon? Olu: I was asking
you how .... the money?
A. do you want
B. you want
C. you wanted
D. you are wanting
E. did you want

71. The young man looked carefully at the long document, but he couldn't make .... what it meant.
A. up
B. out
C. off
D. through
E. do

72. The student haven’t come back from the library

A. isn’t it?
B., haven’t they?
C. is it?
D., had they?
E., haven’t they?

73. Give me a minute to think I can't remember the answer ....

A. out of hand
B. ahead
C. off hand
D. to hand
E. off head

74. The government suffered a .... when they lost two by-elections.
A. check
B. set-back
C. hindrance
D. disturbance
E. recession

75. Our Literature Master said that he would show us a film on Macbeth. The film will ....
A. worth seeing
B. worth seeing it
C. be worth to see
D. be worth seeing
E. be worthy seeing

76. The driver of that lorry .... lost his life during the collision
A. barely
B. hardly
C. nearly
D. closely
E. narrowly

77. The principal went to buy some …... for the physics laboratory
A. equipment
B. pieces of equipment
C. equipments
D. items of equipment
E. list of equipment

78. Wherever the leader went people struggled to catch a .... of him
A. look
B. view
C. glimpse
D. portrait
E. picture

79. The …... in an attempt to please the workers promised to provide …... for them as soon as possible
A. committee/accommodation
B. committee/accommodation
C. committee/accomodation
D. committee/accommodation
E. committee/accomondation

80. I meant ... a pencil but there was no one .... there.
A. buying/selling
B. to buy/to sell
C. buying/to sell
D. buy/to sell
E. to buy/selling

81. Mrs. Okoro .... in this school since 1975.

A. taught
B. is teaching
C. was teaching
D. teaches
E. has been teaching

82. The Governor has .... to the people on many occasions

A. broadcast
B. been broadcast
C. broadcasted
D. being broadcast
E. been broadcasted

83. Paulina arrived late, she ...... the right route

A. cannot have taken
B. could not have taking
C. cannot take
D. could not had taken
E. could not have taken

84. .... the medicine, he asked his daughter to take it according to the doctor's prescription.
A. Having to buy
B. Having bought
C. Having been bought
D. Having being bought
E. Having buy

85. It was a funny episode, so I …...

A. can’t help to laugh
B. couldn’t help laugh
C. couldn’t help laughing
D. couldn’t help to laugh
E. can’t help laughing

86. By the end of this year I ...... twenty books

A. read
B. would have read
C. will read
D. have read
E. am reading

87. Leonard: We went to a hotel and had a very good dinner for N1.00. Geoffrey: You .... a very good dinner if
you paid N1.00
A. must had had
B. needn't have had
C. couldn't have had
D. had to have
E. have had

88. Evelyn: I've submitted eight copies. Joseph: You .... eight. Three would have been enough
A. can't have submitted
B. couldn't have submitted
C. didn't need to submit
D. needn't have submitted
E. must have submitted

89. The present wanton display of riches .... morality of our society
A. will be affecting
B. are affecting
C. is affecting
D. was affecting
E. had been affecting

90. The market women ... profit ranges from thirty fifty percent are making .... difficult for the ordinary people
A. for who/ to live
B. for whom/ lives
C. by whose/ living
D. whose/ life
E. whose/ leaving

91. Town authorities have put up a railing in front of the exit .... people .... out of the stadium and straight
across the road
A. prevent rush/ dashing
B. preventing/ rushing to dash
C. to prevent/ rushing dashing
D. to prevent/ rush dash
E. to prevent/ to rush dash

92. Someone .... the radio cassette since 6 p.m. I wish he .... turn it off
A. has been playing/ would
B. is playing/ would
C. played/ will
D. has played/ should
E. plays/ will

93. If the armed robbers ... caught, they would have been lynched.
A. would be
B. have been
C. are
D. were
E. had been

94. Had he known that it would rain, he .... his umbrella with him.
A. would have taking
B. was going to take
C. would be taking
D. would have taken
E. would take
95. Omeime was taking his dog for a walk when the dog suddenly .... from its chain and escaped
A. broke through
B. broke lose
C. broke even
D. broke loose
E. broke away

96. After we had taken our share, we shall give to them

A. their
B. their’s
C. theirs
D. there
E. there’s

97. I was still sleeping when the national news ... this morning
A. were broadcast
B. were broadcasted
C. was broadcast
D. was broadcasted
E. were being broadcasted

98. Each of the contestants .... a chance to win

A. has
B. have
C. get
D. gets
E. take

99. I gave the book to the library attendant ... I think works in the evenings
A. whom
B. whose
C. which
D. who
E. of whom

100. The politicians are responsible for the .... events have taken in this country
A. course
B. curse
C. coarse
D. cause
E. corse
JAMB ENGLISH 1985 USE OF ENGLISH COMPREHENSION

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Obi: Let’s go to the Sport Club Cafeteria. One naira

per meal is a privilege in this country.
And God knows that I am too broke to afford
anything More

Olu: Got a membership identity card? Don’t forget

the place is for bona fide members
only.

Obi: Forget it. There are other types of

identity cards, remember. Just flash
something before the eyes of those men at the
gate, provided it looks like an identity card.

Olu: Ee…eh, I see. That is why the place is

always congested. I don’t think it
is even worth the trouble. I can’t stand a
queue.
Obi: That shouldn’t bother you. You don’t have to
join the queue. Just walk
straight to the serving point without fear
and be sure you shout your
order.
Olu: But only V.I.Ps have the right to break
queues.
Obi: Sure, but V.I Ps don’t wear badges on their
faces. Post man, pose. After
all this is Nigeria
olu: You mean there are many impostors here?
Obi: Certainly, and many people with privileges
too. If you want to get
along, you must pose, and to get along
means getting what you want
If you choose to term it ‘privileges, it
suits me. It is all a question of
semantics.

1. which of the following is NOT implied in the expression: ‘One naira per meal is a privilege in this country?
A. Nowhere in this country is food sold for one naira
B. The price per meal at the Sport Club Cafeteria is one naira
C. It is rare for anybody to feed satisfactorily with one naira in any hotel in the country
D. Obi cannot afford more than one naira for one meal
E. Ordinarily one naira cannot buy much in the country

2. The conversation about identity cards suggests that

A. without an identity card, no one can be allowed to eat in the Sports Club Cafeteria
B. without an identity card, no one can be allowed into the Sports Club
C. there is thorough checking of identity cards at the Sports Club gate
D. bona fidemembers of the Club do not have to carry identity cards
E. a club member can afford to forget his membership card

3. The conversation about queues in the passage reveals that

A. everybody at the Club Caferia queues
B. club members can always break queues in the cafeteria
C. people always break queues in the cafeteria on the pretext that are V.I. Ps
D. only people who are capable of posing can break queues
E. there is nothing wrong in breaking queues

4. The conversation about the privileges shows that

A. an impostor is one who claims privileges
B. to get along must always imply making claims to privileges
C. it is always easy to recognize VIPs in Nigeria, they are always laying claim to privileges
D. there are many impostors laying claims to privileges
E. Semantics means calling to get among privileges in Nigeria.

5. From the whole conversation, it is clear that Obi and Olu are
A. irresponsible
B. selfish
C. privileged
D. 'go-getters'
E. epitomes of the Nigerian society

PASSAGE B
Days passed fast for Ntanya and Teresa. They could hardly notice the land getting brown all over kachawanga
again, since neither of them noticed any more the sun come up and go down. Ntanya would work very hard in
the field hauling in the last harvest and Teresa would stay at home washing, cooking and waiting, waiting for
him to come home. She would cook his meal with extra care and when there was little meat, she would only
give bits to the children and not even touch it herself but use only the smell to get her food down and reserve
the whole chunk for her husband. When Ntanya would come home with sweat on his brows she would put
the wooden tray on a stool for him and sit down by him watching him eat with great satisfaction:
every bolus that went down Ntanya’s throat would also go down her own throat. When Ntanya would insist
on sharing the food with her she would always say she had eaten already no matter how hungry she might be.
Ntanya would then eat and drink to his satisfaction and rest a while in the sun after saying ‘Thank you mother’

77
6. Bolus in this passage means
A. Adam's apple
B. throat pill
C. liquid
D. piece of meat
E. large morsel

78
7. Ntanya and Teresa could hardly notice the land getting brown because
A. they were on their honeymoon
B. they had just got married
C. they hardly noticed the sun
D. the sun did not come up
E. Etanya worked very hard in the field

79
8. Teresa gave only bits of meat to the children because
A. they would get the more from Ntanya
B. she cooked it with extra care
C. they were young
D. she kept most of it for her husband
E. she could not afford meat

80
9. Ntanya said '' Thank you mother' to
A. his mother
B. his wife
C. his aunt
D. Teresa mother
E. his grand-mother

81
10. Teresa would say she had eaten already no matter how hungry she might be so that
A. Ntanya would eat to his satisfaction
B. Ntanya would say 'Thank you mother
C. 'she could cook again
D. she could watch him eat
E. every boluswould go down her own throat

PASSAGE C
Mathematics is the language in which the Book of Nature is written: Mathematics is the queen of the
Sciences. It is universally agreed that Mathematics is the backbone of Science and Technology. For without
Mathematics the engineer is but an artist or sculptor. He can build his bridge, attest to its from and beauty,
but without Mathematics he cannot guarantee its reliability to serve the purpose for which it is built.
Mathematics is indeed the science of sciences. It is also art of all arts. It is right, legitimate and defensible to
consider Mathematics as an Art. The poet, the musician, the artist and the Mathematician have a lot in
common. Fundamental to all their studies and works is their common interest in the logical study of related
concepts and objects from patterns which will produce beauty, harmony and order. Thus, the poet arranges
words to produce a pattern called poetry: the musician arranges sounds to produce a pattern called music,
the artist arranges colors to produce pattern called painting and the Mathematician arranges abstract ideas
into a pattern, using symbols, to produce equations. Each of these patterns- the poem, the music, the painting
and the equation must stand up to the test of some order, harmony and beauty. So, if Mathematics is not an
art what is art?

82
11. The view expressed in this passage belong to
A. JAMB
B. artists
C. mathematicians
D. the poet
E. the author of the passage
83
12. The expression 'Mathematics is the queen of the Sciences' contains
A. a contradiction
B. an analogy
C. an irony
D. a lie
E. nonsense

13. Mathematics is written with a capital M in this passage because

A. the writer is a mathematician
B. the writer does not know how to use punctuation correctly
C. the writer wants to distinguish between a concept and a subject
D. it is the normal way of writing about the sciences
E. the writer is confused
84
14. The last sentence of the passage. 'So, if Mathematics is not an art what is art? is a
A. question posed for the reader to answer
B. statement put in the form of a question
C. question combined with a statement
D. mathematical equation stated in words
E. pattern which illustrates beauty, harmony and ordre in language

85
15. Mathematics can be considered as a form of art because
A. its main principle is made use of by the arts
B. it involves drawing of figures
C. it is a form of Fine Arts
D. it is a type of Graphic Arts
E. it also involves a study of beauty harmony and order

PASSAGE D
My good people I come before you this evening as a man whose honesty and integrity have been questioned
now, the usual political thing to do when charges are levelled against you is either to ignore them or to deny
them without giving details, but before I answer any of your questions, let me state categorically that I have
not touched a kobo of the #50,000 we contributed. Every kobo of it has been used in defraying political
campaign expenses.

86
16. The author is
A. exonerating himself from allegations of embezzlement
B. ignoring the allegations of embezzlement
C. taking part in a political campaign
D. demonstrating that he is a Senator
E. try to implicate Abu O. Abu, a fellow political

87
17. Constituent in the passage means
A. a section of his constituency
B. his entire constituency
C. his campaigner
D. a person having voting rights where he is living
E. a supporter

88
18. Accosted in the passage means
A. grossly insulted
B. greeted
C. fought with
D. forced
E. went and spoke to

89
19. It appears that the #50,000
A. has been spent
B. has been paid into the government treasury
C. will soon be paid to the government treasury
D. has been saved by Abu O. Abu
E. will be used for future campaigns

90
20. Abu O. Abu is portrayed as
A. a corrupt politician
B. the administrator of the fund
C. an ordinary taxpayer
D. a government official
E. a citizen

PASSAGE E
The land was ready and ploughed, waiting for the crops. At night, the earth was alive with insects singing and
rustling about in search of food. But suddenly, by mid-November, the rain fled away: the rain-clouds fled away
and left the sky bare. The sun danced dizzily in the sky, with a strange cruelty. Each day the land was covered
in a haze of mist as the sun sucked up the drop of moisture out of the earth. The family set down in despair,
waiting and waiting, their hopes had run so high; the goats has started producing milk, which they had eagerly
poured on their porridge, now they ate plain porridge with no milk. It was impossible to plant the corn, maize,
pumpkin and water-melon seeds in the dry earth. They sat the whole day in the shadow of the huts and even
stopped thinking, for the rain had fled away. Only the children were quite happy in their little girl world. They
carried on with their game of making house like their mother and chattered to each other in light, soft tones.
They made children from sticks around which they tied rags, and scolded them severely in an exact imitation
of their own mother. Their voices could be heard, scolding all day long: ‘You stupid thing, when I send you to
draw water, why do you spill half of it out of the bucket? ‘You stupid thing! Can’t you mind the porridge pot
without letting the porridge he burn? ‘Then, they would beat the rag-dolls on their bottoms with severe
expressions.
The adults paid no attention to this; their nerves were stretched to breaking point waiting for the rain to fall
out of the sky. Nothing was important, beyond that. All their animals had been sold during the bad years to
purchase food and of all their herd only two goats were left. It was the women of the family who finally broke
down under the strain of waiting for rain.

21. The evidence that the family hope had run high is that the
A. land was ready for planting
B. earth was alive with insects singing
C. goats had started producing milk
D. family ate porridge
E. family had corn and maize seeds

22. 'The adults paid no attention to this' refers to

A. the children scolding the reg-dolls
B. the plain porridge
C. the burnt porridge
D. their breaking nerves
E. the land

24. The family sat down in despair because

A. the land was ready and ploughed
B. they ate plain porridge with no milk
C. the sun danced dizzily in the sky
D. the land was covered in a haze of mist
E. it was impossible to plants seeds

25. 'Game of making house' means

A. building a house with sand
B. being happy in the house
C. playing in the house
D. imitating running a home like adults
E. playing hide-and-seek in the house

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined:

26. The chief was generous in his award of university scholarships

A. Nobel
B. considerate
C. liberal
D. mean
E. honest

27. To most people last Christmas was an austere period

A. prosperous
B. harsh
C. severe
D. sour
E. stern

28. Chidi is naturally taciturn

A. friendly
B. cheerful
C. dumb
D. lively
E. garrulous

29. He is loved for his altruism.

A. benevolence
B. sincerity
C. selfishness
D. selflessness
E. kindness

30. The military Governor upheld the decision of his cabinet

A. held up
B. undercut
C. maintained
D. abolished
E. reversed

31. Many untrustworthy students gives evasive answers to questions which they fully understand.
A. direct
B. outspoken
C. simple
D. truthful
E. clever

32. The deafening noise of the two jet planes which flew across our compound yesterday made people fear
that an assault on the country might be imminent
A. impending
B. ahead
C. remote
D. eminent
E. threatening

33. Disgruntled people are indifferent to any plans to rid the society of evil
A. different from
B. different about
C. in agreement with
D. interested in
E. opposed to

34. the severity of the harmattan helped me to complete my writing assignment in record time because I had
no choice but to lock my self-indoors
A. warmth
B. mildness
C. moderation
D. leniency
E. gentility

35. The increase in transport fares deterred our club from planning an excursion this year
A. deferred
B. irritated
C. impelled
D. restricted
E. encouraged

36. This card entitles you to attend the film show

A. disqualifies
B. discourages
C. disenchants
D. proclaims
E. satisfies

37. This is an abridge edition of Oliver Twist

A. reprinted
B. enlarge
C. outdated
D. extinct
E. banned

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase:
38. Victor will not attend the dinner party tonight; he is afraid of his own shadow
A. not in the mood
B. attending another party
C. scared of imaginary things
D. unhappy with is assigned role
E. unable to forget his fears

39. Telling Ali to break his habit of coming to work late is like knocking your head against a brick wall
A. trying the impossible
B. asking him to beat you
C. making a fool of yourself
D. asking him to be your enemy
E. making him break down at work

40. The manager often quarrels with his staff because he goes around with a chip on his shoulder
A. deformed shoulder
B. readiness to be angered
C. look of contempt
D. an air of superiority
E. search of gossip

41. The new employees is so humble and friendly that he will soon make himself popular
A. welcomed and accepted
B. hated
C. estranged
D. rejected
E. a personal friend

42. he took exception to Ezenwa's remark

A. was delighted at
B. was excited by
C. got demoralized by
D. objected to
E. was perplexed by

43. Kelechi hardly ever falls sick

A. most often
B. very seldom
C. sometimes
D. frequently
E. occasionally

44. The gallant soldiers met their Waterloo at Philippi

A. victory
B. trouble
C. defeat
D. happiest period
E. enemy

45. It is futile trying to make bricks without straw

A. fertile
B. important
C. fragile
D. vain
E. bad

46. The ceiling of my bed-room fell in and knocked me out

A. made me unconscious
B. removed me
C. flattened me
D. killed me
E. frightened me

47In may 1978 the rain fell incessantly and made life drab
A. at intervals
B. recurrently
C. repeatedly
D. concurrently
E. continuously

48. Little Ugochi has a bicycle which is in marvelous condition

A. need of a tune
B. excellent
C. questionable
D. unstable
E. working

49. The lecturer maintained his usual good humor in spite of the cat-calls and rude behavior of his students
A. provoked
B. obtained
C. kept
D. lost
E. improved

50. The class as a whole will have a lecture on scarce commodities tomorrow.
A. argument
B. deliberation
C. dispute
D. conference
E. talk

51. Many states practice the ideals of democracy

A. government by election
B. government by representative
C. government by civilians
D. government by all the people
E. oligarchy

52. He lost his voice momentarily

A. in moment
B. in a split second
C. for a brief period of time
D. without delay
E. instantly

53.The corrupt official had to leave the public service willy-nilly

A. unprepared
B. reluctantly
C. willingly
D. compulsorily
E. by retirement

54. I am yet to write the penultimate paragraph of my essay

A. last but one
B. third to the last
C. second
D. concluding
E. introductory

55. One hindrance to an orderly economic development of the country is large scale fraud and corruption
A. difficult
B. disturbance
C. reason
D. obstacle
E. ritual

56. Stephen was blamed for leaving his door ajar during the heavy rainfall.
A. unlocked
B. unbolted
C. open
D. keyless
E. locked

57. If people don't want to play the game according to the rule, that is their business
A. their business will suffer
B. it is not their fault
C. they should blame others for it
D. other people will take over their business
E. they will have themselves to blame

58. Nigeria, like most other African countries is predominantly agricultural

A. mainly
B. certainly
C. entirely
D. undoubtedly
E. superficially

59. Despite increasingly punitive laws against hemp smoking, it is still rising at an alarming rate.
A. devastating
B. exemplary
C. barbaric
D. severe
E. satisfactory.

60. The senate postponed the meeting the meeting indefinitely

A. for a short time
B. for six months
C. definitely
D. without fizzing a date
E. for several months

61. You have been asked to change your laissez-faire attitude to work
A. stupid
B. care-free
C. careful
D. serious
E. responsible

62. Since his father's death, Osita has not been able to cope with the tasks of a family head
A. perform adequately
B. tolerate
C. accept
D. assess properly
E. manage

63. My spell in the university was an unmitigated disaster

A. an unavoidable
B. a painful
C. a regrettable
D. an unqualified
E. an unfortunate

64. To be above board is to be

A. afloat
B. on top of a plank
C. above suspicion
D. raised above a board
E. the chairman of a board
65. It is sheer foolhardiness for unarmed policemen to pursue armed robbers
A. nonsense
B. bravery
C. foolishness
D. stupidity
E. foolish risk taking

66. Bankole was a man given to much wine

A. pushed to
B. taken over by
C. addicted to
D. forced to
E. afflicted by

67. The officer refused to be taken in by the report given by the private
A. won over
B. drawn in
C. overtaken
D. deceived
E. involved

68. The principal advised the boy to come to grip with himself if he wanted to do well at the end of his course.
A. criticized himself
B. master his difficulties
C. learn to be obedient
D. behave himself
E. fight with himself

69. The judge came down heavily on the accused person in his judgement
A. crashed heavily
B. fell down headlong
C. descended upon heavily
D. impose a stiff penalty
E. crash-landed on

70. Employees have been urged to desist from witch-hunting and character assassination
A. commanded to stop hunting witches
B. ordered to stop assassinating witches
C. entreated not to accuse individuals unjustly and malicious
D. informed to resist witch-hunters and character assassins
E. urged to desist from barbaric acts
71. The government should stop white elephant projects
A. projects in which white men kill elephants
B. projects in which white elephants are used
C. projects for painting some elephants white
D. high-cost projects with low utility values
E. low-cost projects with high utility values

In the question below choose the word or phrase which best fills the gap in each sentence:
72. Mary goes to school .... bus
A. in
B. on
C. with
D. through
E. by

73. The loud noise in the neighborhood attracted people who stared .... the thief
A. at
B. about
C. with
D. on
E. over

74. The students unrest resulted .... the expulsion of the ringleaders
A. to
B. in
C. from
D. with
E. by

75. The lawyer insisted .... the full payment of his charge
A. with
B. in
C. for
D. at
E. on

76. Little children are usually afraid .... thunder,

A. about
B. for
C. of
D. with
E. at

77. On the orders of the steward, the cook rushed .... the market
A. to
B. at
C. for
D. in
E. against

78. The principal advised that we pursue this case cautiously, otherwise we are bound to be taken .... by Ada's
lies
A. away
B. out
C. in
D. off
E. on

79. I am very sorry .... to attend the meeting yesterday

A. for failure
B. in failing
C. to have failed
D. to fail
E. for failing

80. When you are faced with an examination of this nature, endeavor to keep your mind .... the job and not be
distracted for one moment
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. on
E. to

81. It all depended on what ....

A. does he want
B. he wants
C. he does want
D. he wanted
E. did he want

82. Samuel: would you please come here. John? John: No, I'm busy .... in my farm
A. I am working
B. I'm working
C. I am to work
D. I shall have worked
E. I go to work
83. My colleagues .... before I arrived
A. started writing
B. wrote
C. had started writing
D. have written
E. have been writing

84. After the team had conceded two goals, their enthusiasm ....
A. was beginning to wane
B. was waning
C. began to wane
D. had begun to wane
E. had ben waning

85. The Government .... the initial value of the hotel complex at ten million naira
A. costed
B. had cost
C. had valued
D. had constructed
E. has costed

86. James .... reminding that not all that glitters is gold.
A. needs
B. need
C. needing
D. need's
E. need to

87. The dull students took correspondence course as a means .... his standard in the class
A. to improve
B. for improving
C. of improving
D. by improving
E. to improving

88. The boy thought that driving a car was not .... dangerous than riding a bicycle
A. so very
B. particularly
C. very
D. any more
E. any

89. I don't want .... from such a friend as Jimoh

A. any more advice
B. no more advice
C. any advices
D. no advice
E. any advice

90. Very few students have satisfactory .... these days because the student population has increased
tremendously
A. acommondation
B. accomodation
C. accommodation
D. acommoddation
E. acommodation

91. The old politicians were discredited because they tried to .... the people's ignorance
A. cash in on
B. catch in with
C. catch in on
D. cash in with
E. cash in by

92. The plane overshot the .... in a minor accident.

A. railway
B. hanger
C. tarmac
D. run way
E. road

93. The single .... was enough to spoil a whole lifetime of good living
A. occurence
B. ocurence
C. occurrence
D. occurrense
E. ocurrence

94. The thief ran ... luck when the policeman running after him caught up with him and knocked him down
A. into
B. with
C. of
D. out of
E. off

95. Whilst the thief was .... the passengers, he kept apologizing for the inconvenience he was causing them
A. robbing
B. rubbing
C. robing
D. rubbing
E. robbed

96. Your brigade would be better for it, if you desisted .... rumor - mongering, observed the Chief of Staff
A. from
B. away
C. into
D. away from
E. on

97. the court ordered the lorry driver to pay for the .... to my car
A. damages
B. heavy damages
C. destruction
D. many damages
E. damage

98. Journalists always collect and publish ....

A. informations
B. an information
C. some information
D. information
E. much information

99. He received a pat .... the back for his brilliant success in the examination
A. by
B. at
C. in
D. on
E. for

100. He received a pat ……. the back for his brilliant success in the examination
A. by
B. at
C. in
D. on
E. for
USE OF ENGLISH 1986

PASSAGE I
It is customary nowadays among fashionable ladies and gentlemen to acquire strange and sometimes quaint
cloths which are scarcely ever used. Sometimes it may be an approaching festival; sometimes a two-hour
ceremony and sometimes to honor a dead colleague – something triggers off the modern craze to sew new
materials whose use does not outlast the moment of craze. And so, people who just occupy small apartments
in their parents’ homes, or have rented one room in a densely – peopled house find that more than two-
thirds of their rooms are filled with bongo trousers which they cannot wear, worn out jeans which stinks, or
specially made clothes for occasions that are not recurrent.

Although plagued by the problem of school fees for their children, parents have had to swallow their own
phlegm and humor their children who need special clothes for important events. Newly employed youths
soon find that their comrades getting married, and a new and special attire must be used to grace the
occasion. University students see matriculation ceremonies or induction ceremonies into club membership as
special reasons to make new attire which – you may be sure they would not wear on another occasion that
parallels the one for which these clothes were made.

Medical doctors may soon find another cause for the incidence of high blood pressure among the youth. The
desire to acquire new clothes is one strong possible cause, but a more subtle one which haunts like a ghost is
the problem of choice of what to wear. The youths have so stuffed their apartments, wardrobes, drawers and
trunks with so many clothes that the greatest problem they face is the choice of what to wear.

1. A suitable tittle for this passage is

A. Fashion craze
B. Fashion craze among the youth
C. University students and induction ceremonies
D. Parents and the money for fashion craze

2. In this passage the expression 'Parent have had to swallow their own phlegm' means parents
A. had to swallow the sputum in their mouths
B. have been phlegmatic all along
C. have had to overcome their own pride or prejudice
D. no longer had to swallow

3. The youth acquire clothes for

A. burials, great occasions or for matriculation ceremonies
B. occasions that are not recurrent
C. boosting their ego
D. the purpose of praising their parents

4. In this passage we learn that parents

A. admire their children's craze for new clothes
B. do not provide the money for the fashion craze
C. endure a lot of hand ship to provide for their children
D. gladly provide the money for the fashion craze

5. A likely cause of high blood pressure among the youths is

A. the clothes they wear to parties
B. that different clothes are meant for different occasions
C. that the youth have stuffed their wardrobes, apartments and drawers with new clothes
D. the thought of the choice of what to wear

PASSAGE II
Delinquency describes actions that would not be crimes if performed by adults. If a young person performs
one of such actions then he has committed a crime. Delinquency is one of several status offences- offences
that can be committed only by people in particular stations of life as determined by age, profession or a
person’s role in society. For young people such offences include drinking, driving and smoking under age
usually they are offences only to the extent that they help to preserve some of the good things of life for the
exclusive enjoyment of the adult world. Delinquency is therefore a weapon forged in adult pride and
intolerance. If the world changed overnight and the responsibility would than certainly refer only to many of
the adult actions now freely committed by them.

6. The writer of the passage believes that delinquency laws are

A. not relevant to human society
B. only fit for young people
C. unfair to the juveniles
D. very fair to the adult world
7. Status offences are those that can be committed by
A. all adults
B. juveniles only
C. delinquent juveniles only
D. specified classes of people

8. In the view of the writer, drinking under age is an offence because

A. adults want to have all the to themselves
B. adults do not want juveniles to get drunk
C. drunken juveniles can cause disorder in society
D. adults have a duty to protect young persons

9. If the world changed overnight

A. there would be more delinquency laws
B. delinquency would refer to all adult actions
C. delinquency would no more be a crime
D. delinquency would also change in meaning

10. When young people make and enforce laws

A. the responsibility will be too heavy on their shoulders
B. they would retaliate. against the adults
C. their laws will be very juvenile
D. the world will be turned upside down

PASSAGE III
Those who are familiar with it will tell you that Ludo, like human life itself, is a game both of chance and skill.
You need skill in deciding how to make the most advantageous use of the figures that turn up on the die when
you cast it. Since each player has at least four alternative ways of using his figures, two players with equal luck
may fare differently, depending on how cleverly each one uses his figures. The element of luck, again as in
human life, plays a dominant role however. For no matter how skillful a player may be in using the figures he
gets on the die, he has a slim chance of winning if he continually throws low figures. While a combination of
ones and twos may be useful in checking the advance of one’s opponents, it will not take one home fast
enough to win. On the other hand: consistent throws of sixes and fives with the very minimum of skill, will
help a player to home all his four counters before any of the three other players, unless, of course, he has no
idea of the game at all.

11. According to the passage Ludo is

A. more a game of skill than of chance
B. more a game of luck than of skill
C. equally a game of chance and skill
D. a game entirely of luck

12. It is implied in the passage that two players may fare equally if they
A. have equal luck
B. apply similar skill to figures
C. apply similar skill to similar figures
D. have equal skill

13. It is implied in the passage, that in Ludo threes and fours are
A. very high throws
B. medium throws
C. low throws
D. very low throws

14. According to the passage, a player with consistently high throws will
A. almost certainly win a game
B. certainly win a game
C. almost certainly not win a game
D. deliberately not win a game

15. In the passage, the possession of skill specifically enables a player to

A. win
B. throw good figures
C. use his figures efficiently
D. check his opponents effectively

PASSGE IV
Farming is the most important aspect of agriculture that has attracted attention within the last few years.
Agriculture has several other aspects like fishery, livestock and poultry. All these are also important in that
they have to do with the production of food items which human beings consume for survival.

In many parts of world today, farming has been regarded as the mainstay of the economy. Crops such as
cocoa, rubber and cotton have been produced in such commercial quantity that they are sold to other
countries. Some countries have a better comparative advantage in producing certain farm crops than other
countries. In these other countries, there is the need to spend a lot of money on agriculture, particularly
farming. Most farmers use outmoded tools. A lot of them have no place to store their crops, most of which
are always destroyed by insects and pests before harvest time. All these have adverse effects on their
productivity.

The government can do a lot to help farmers. Farmers’ co-operative societies can be encouraged and loans
can be made available to farmers through government institutions, like banks and finance corporations.
Farmers can be taught how to build good storage structures for their produce. All these and a lot more can
help to improve the condition of farming in these countries.

16. The most important aspect of agriculture mentioned in the passage is

A. poultry
B. fishery
C. livestock
D. farming

17. Farming in many countries today is

A. an alternative to poultry
B. of great assistance to the economy
C. for those who are out of jobs
D. for the illiterates

18. Some countries produce more and better crops than others because the farmers in the former
A. are more educated
B. have greater manpower
C. have more modern equipment
D. have more fertile land

19. In order to help improve the state of farming, the government should
A. give all farmers enough money to work with
B. sell enough fertilizer to all farmers
C. find ways of financing and modernizing the farming system
D. help farmers with the storage of their crops

20. A lot crop harvested are wasted because farmers

A. allow insects and pests to destroy their crops
B. do not have enough money to invest in harvesters
C. do not have good storage facilities
D. harvest too much at a time
PASSAGE V
It may be argued that museums as an institution and an agency for transmitting cultural heritage are an
artificial creature, so far as objects are removed from their natural or proper environments and put into
museums which are a different environment altogether. However, it seems that museums themselves have
come to be accepted and recognized as the best equipped institutions devised by man for the assemblage of
cultural objects and their presentation and preservation for the present and future generations.

The artificial character of museums is however being gradually transformed into a cultural reality. Thus, just
as one goes to the theatre for plays and other performing arts; the mosque, the church or the shrine for
worship; the library for the printed word; today, it is to the museums one goes to see evidence of man’s
material outfit. For, no other institution or place so readily comes to mind as museums do when evidence of
material culture is sought. Herein lies the importance of museums as cultural institutions and an agency for
transmitting culture.

21. Museums are an artificial creation because

A. they are an agency for transmitting cultural heritage
B. natural or proper environments are removed and put into museums
C. objects are removed from museums to natural or proper environments
D. objects are removed from their natural or proper environments and put into museums

22. According to the passage which of the following is NOT part of the main functions of museums?
A. Presevatic
B. Generation
C. Presentation
D. Assemblage

23. The evidence of material culture can best be sought in the

A. theatre and other performing arts
B. library and the museum
C. museum only
D. museum more than any other institution

24. Which of the following phrases in the passage does NOT express the artificial character of museums?
A. Removed from
B. For transmitting
C. put into
D. Devised by

25. ......no other institution of place so readily comes to mind as museums' means that museums are
A. always ready to enter the mind
B. a ready example
C. recalled with great difficulty
D. remembered with hesitancy

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined:
26. Mr. Jack was most flexible in his instruction
A. rigid
B. correct
C. stiff
D. upright

27. The Universities has offered temporary accommodation for staff

A. popular
B. permanent
C. recognized
D. regular

28. Mary complained that she slept on the coarse floor

A. smooth
B. rough
C. bad
D. harsh

29. Jim was one of the spectators as the concert

A. ushers
B. judges
C. guest
D. performers

30. The Governor declined to give audience to the journalist.

A. ignored
B. accepted
C. forgot
D. rejected

31. The debtor's husband is liable for his wife's debts

A. unanswerable
B. responsible
C. unquestionable
D. accountable

32. The lotion recommended by the doctor soothed Okon's aching tooth
A. calmed
B. extracted
C. excited
D. worsened

33. The sun cast its shadow on the wall

A. reflection
B. rays
C. resemblance
D. substance

34. He was locked up for a fortnight

A. released
B. punished
C. remanded
D. locked out

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined:
35. The lady acted courageously when thieves attacked her
A. shyly
B. fearlessly
C. indiscreetly
D. timidly

36. You are free to leave the hall

A. at an advantage
B. opportune
C. at liberty
D. right

37. The culprit will surrender their loot to the Customs officials
A. give away
B. give out
C. give in
D. give up

38. The discussion became animated

A. specialized
B. lively
C. intellectual
D. unruly

39. The rich citizens are often niggardly in their ways

A. beggarly
B. sordid
C. miserly
D. pompous

40. The musician's popularity is beginning to decline

A. change
B. wane
C. slide
D. disappear

41. Olu promised to look out for her next time he is in town.
A. watch for
B. visit
C. greet
D. take care of

42. Thompson was a prosecution witness at the court hearing

A. false
B. reliable
C. government
D. trial

43. he beggar's takings snow-belled every hour.

A. grew
B. turned white
C. grew into a ball
D. turned into snow

44. His attempts were nipped in the bud

A. unsuccessful
B. cut short
C. frustrated
D. disqualified

45. The preacher has made good his promise to visit some of his converts today
A. fulfilled
B. abide to
C. seen to
D. accepted

46. 'Watch it! You could be followed said the robber

A. Look around
B. Be sober
C. Be vigilant
D. Look out

47. Look at the tell-tale signs of battering on her

A. confirming looks
B. suspicious marks
C. revealing marks
D. signifying marks

48. The armed robbers who raided passengers on the Expressway came to grief when they had a shootout
with the police today
A. came to bad end
B. became grieved
C. encountered grief
D. came to dead end

49. Many of the workers hired for firing the furnace had themselves fired as a result of the unfortunate
accident
A. got themselves burned accidentally
B. jumped into the fire themselves
C. got themselves sacked from their jobs
D. were sacked from their jobs

50. The new educational system took off this school year
A. went off
B. continued
C. began
D. resumed

51. We will surely buy this idea of introducing an entirely new product
A. pay for
B. accept
C. trade in
D. barter

52. This year's harvest is surplus

A. enough for need
B. limitless
C. more than enough
D. plenty

53. Many candidates now apply to read Law because it is a lucrative profession.
A. brings plenty of profit
B. brings high prestige
C. bring quick money
D. bring plenty of knowledge

54. The pressman said that his interview with the Presidents was off the record.
A. not written on government record books
B. not intended for publication
C. not taped
D. written elsewhere other than the government records

55. She realized that she was up against stiff competition when a new large department store was opened
next to her small provision store
A. next to
B. standing next
C. opposed to
D. faced with

56. Finally, I assured him that I would not go back on my word.

A. returned to a place
B. return to certain word when reading
C. re-use my word
D. fail to keep my promise

57. Everybody respects the team leader.

A. looks up for
B. looks up on
C. looks up to
D. looks up at

58. The driver, on seeing the traffic warden, was hesitant to start the engine.
A. slow
B. unable
C. anxious
D. reluctant

59. He likes to call attention to unimportant matters

A. dubious
B. incidental
C. trivial
D. simple

60. The speaker took his audience down memory lane before he went to the topic of his lecture
A. Took his audience on a journey through a street called memory lane
B. recalled events from the past
C. told a tale about a place called memory lane
D. gave an outline of his lecture

61. The new religious leader hands out an olives branch.

A. sues for peace
B. gives out branches of the olive tree
C. challenges his opponents to a fight
D. blesses his congregation

62. Though a brilliant student, Binta lost her tongue when she was asked to give the vote of thanks at the end
of the Governor's visit to her school.
A. became dumb
B. became deaf and dumb
C. said nothing because she was shy
D. forgot her native language

63. The accounts clerk was jailed because he cooked the books
A. set fire to the account books
B. sold the books in his office to get money for food
C. falsified the accounts to his advantage
D. destroyed the accounts books by cooking them
64. The task was herculean
A. irregular
B. related to Hercules
C. stimulating
D. demanding

65. The story is rather hard to believe

A. incredulous
B. incredible
C. superstitious
D. untenable

66. It is advisable to administer the test in the morning when students are fresh
A. perform
B. set
C. undertake
D. give

67. He broke his mallet ostensibly trying to maintain order although he was actually enjoying the commotion.
A. apparently
B. carelessly
C. angrily
D. accidentally

In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap:
68. Jibril found that thieves had entered his house in his absence. He went to the police to report the ....
A. break out
B. break up
C. break in
D. break into

69. After the accused was found guilty by the court, his counsel .... before sentence was passed.
A. begged for mercy
B. made a plea for mitigation
C. made innovation
D. made a plea for litigation

70. Four persons accused of currency ...... are being held by the security agents
A. traficking
B. traviking
C. trafficking
D. traffiking
71. You had to stand in the corridor all the way? Poor you! I don't suppose you enjoyed the journey ...?
A. don't you
B. did you
C. didn't you
D. don't I

72. I’m sorry I can't give you any of the oranges; I have .... left'.
A. few
B. little
C. only a little
D. a few

73. No wonder those plants are dying. They .... any water for ages!
A. didn't have
B. hadn't
C. haven't had
D. haven't

74. 'Darling, do send the children to bed. I can't .... their noise any longer' he said to his wife
A. make do with
B. make up
C. deal with
D. put up with

75. My wife and I met .... on a ship going to Liberia.

A. ourselves
B. one another
C. each other
D. ourself

76. .... yet about the principal?

A. Are there any news
B. Are there some news
C. Is there any news
D. Is there any news

77. I am .... to another week's holiday this year after such a tedious job.
A. due
B. qualified
C. looking
D. entitled

78. I can quickly recite the National Anthem .... now.

A. off head
B. off by heart
C. at hand
D. off hand

79. The committee was frustrated because the Chief withheld his ....
A. accent
B. access
C. assent
D. ascent

80. Gone are the days when he ... enjoy patronage.

A. would
B. will
C. used to
D. could

81. He did not attend the final burial ....

A. rite
B. rights
C. rites
D. right

82. The officers was compelled to .... the suspects’ car

A. seize
B. cease
C. sieze
D. sease

83. He missed the point because he took the statement ....

A. literally
B. literarily
C. literary
D. unilaterally

84. Their high .... was an advantage

A. moral
B. morality
C. morale
D. morals

85. The brave officer .... the time bomb.

A. diffused
B. devused
C. defused
D. difused

86. A number of suspects were paraded .... the victim of the robbery
A. in front
B. before
C. for
D. to

87. If you want peace, you .... prepared for war

A. had better
B. have better
C. had better got
D. had better get

88. If only we .... we could have overcome the difficulty

A. had persevered
B. have persevered
C. had persevered
D. persevered

89. 'We are gradually .... to the end of the programme this afternoon', remarked the chairman of the wedding
reception
A. arriving
B. getting
C. approaching
D. going

90. We saw him ... over a wall as the police approached

A. leaped
B. leap
C. leapt
D. leaping

91. A number of doctors are not so all well-disposed to .... in government hospitals these days .... they?
A. working/do
B. work/are
C. working/are
D. work/aren't

92. The only set of loud speakers available .... to be connected according to the instruction
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have

93. We later on discovered that some members .... another meeting before the one advertised.
A. were holding
B. have held
C. have been holding
D. had held

94. He decided to wait for the bus because he had

A. too many luggage
B. many luggages
C. a lot of luggage
D. plenty luggages

95. Thank you for the party, we really ....

A. enjoyed ourselves
B. enjoyed
C. enjoyed very much
D. enjoyed too much

96. We are trying to study for the examinations last night when the light ......
A. were taken away
B. came off
C. quenched
D. went off

97. When he had arranged the furniture, he .... the picture on the wall
A. hanged
B. hung
C. hang
D. hunged

98. I forgot to bring a pen with me. Would you, please ... me yours
A. borrow
B. loan
C. provide
D. lend

99. If you are going to the market, may I .... please?

A. for follow you
B. come with you
C. come by you
D. come as your second
100. Wada said that two of his chickens .... eggs yesterday morning
A. layed
B. lied
C. laid
D. lain

JAMB ENGLISH 1987

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE A
There are one or two things this country can teach others, one of them is the art of writing obituaries. One
suspects that the reason why some of our newspapers still manage to break even is because of the great
amount of revenue they derive from obituaries. It is not unusual for about one quarter of the volume of an
average daily to be constituted of obituaries and in in memorial alone. One possible explanation for this, it has
been argued, is that Nigerians value their dead greatly. And there is a saying amongst us that you do not say
evil things against the dead. This is obviously the philosophy behind the large dose of encomiums with which
our dead are bestowed. From evidences of these obituaries and in memorial, every dead Nigerian must have
been something of a saint while alive. This would explain why the death of most Nigerians is attributed to the
evil Machinations of the wicked. Only very few people in our country die natural death, and even when they
do, the obituaries, etc. always give the impression that such deaths constitute the saddest loss to befall the
deceased family. And that is why writers of these obituaries and their allied advertisements are experts on
‘mortuary stylistics’. This ‘mortuary stylistics’ the study in the art of eulogizing the dead and making their loss
sound so heart breaking, is one of the commodities we can export to other countries.

1. The tone of this passage is

A. Angry
B. Satirical
C. Non-committal
D. Pleasant

2. 'Mortuary stylistics' as used in the passage refers to the

A. art of writing obituaries
B. text of obituaries
C. study of obituaries
D. art of eulogizing the dead

3. One suspects that the reason why some of our newspaper still manage to break even.......suggests that
some Nigerian newspapers
A. would be running at a loss but for obituaries
B. are patronized only because they specialize in obituaries
C. derive all their revenue from obituaries
D. invest huge revenue in obituaries

4. Obituaries are very popular in Nigeria because

A. evil things are not said against the dead
B. every dead Nigerian must have lived a sanity life
C. only very few Nigerians die natural deaths
D. Nigerians value dead greatly

5. Which of the following can be deduced from the passage?

A. the writer believes that most Nigerians do not die natural deaths
B. obituaries insinuate that most Nigerians do not die natural deaths
C. the writer is convinced that every death in Nigeria is a big blow to the bereaved
D. the writer suspects that every death in Nigeria is a big blow to the bereaved

PASSAGE B
You all know how friendly we are with Okperi. Do you think that any Umuaro man who goes to prison there
will come back alive? But that apart, do you forget that this is the moon of planting? Do you want to grow this
year’s crops in the prison house in a land where your fathers owe a cow? I speak as your elder brother. I have
travelled in Olu and I have travelled in Igbo and I can tell you that there is no escape from the white man. He
has come when suffering knocks at your door and you say there is no seat left for him, he tells you not to
worry because he has brought his own stool. The white man is like that. Before any of you here was old
enough to tie a cloth between the legs, I saw with my own eyes what the white man did to Abame. Then I
knew there was no escape. As day light chases away darkness so will the white man drive away all our
customs. I know that as I say it now it passes by your ears, but it will happen. The white man has power which
comes from the true God and it burns like fire. This is the God about whom we preach every eighth day………...
Unachukwu’s opponents were now shouting that this was a meeting of an age group that they had not
assembled to join with him in chewing the seed of foolishness which they called their new religion.
‘We are talking about the white man’s road’ said a voice above the others.
‘Yes, we are talking about the white man’s road. But when the roof and walls of a house fall in, the ceiling is
not left standing. The white man, the new religion, the soldiers, the new road-they are all part of the same
thing. The white man has a gun, a machete, a bow and carries fire in his mouth. He does not fight with one
weapon alone’.

6. The dominant subject of this passage is the

A. white man's road
B. new religion
C. white man's influence
D. white man's weapons

7. According to the passage, the people of Umuaro and Okperi

A. are friends
B. are only acquaintances
C. are no friends
D. can never be enemies

8. 'There is no escape from the white man' in the passage means that the
A. white man will send the people to prison
B. white man can kill all the people with his gun
C. people are only trying to run away from the white man
D. people must accept the white man

9. 'Passes by your ears' in the passage means

A. piercing through your ears
B. listening eagerly
C. making no impression
D. accepting the truth

10. Unachukwu’s speech in this passage shows that he

A. is a coward
B. wants his people to suffer
C. loves the white man
D. is wise with experience

PASSAGE C
Manager: Mr.Mbu, I would not describe you as an inefficient worker; I therefore find it difficult to understand
why the conference room is so untidy, in spite of the fact that I had reminded you of the meeting scheduled to
take place there this afternoon.

Secretary: Sir, I did instruct the cleaner to tidy up the place before meeting

Manager: Are you trying to hold the cleaner responsible for the untidy condition of the room?
Secretary: Partly, sir, I gave him an instruction which he failed to carry out. It is certainly my intention to make
a formal complaint against him for dereliction of duty.

Manager: And would you wash your hands off any blame after that? Do you think that just making a formal
complaint against the cleaner absolves you of all blame? When do you consider an assignment as properly
executed; when the execution is properly supervised or not? Was it sufficient for you to give instruction to the
cleaner without ensuring that he actually carried them out?

Secretary: Sir, I do not see what else I could have done, short of doing the job myself. The cleaner Is a six-
footer and I could not have intimidated him physically.

Manager: I see, I await your complaints against the cleaner, but I shall not forget that you allowed a board
meeting to take place in an untidy conference room.

11. The relationship between the manager and his secretary, as revealed in the passage could be said to be
A. strained
B. charged
C. personal
D. cordial

12 'I would not describe you as an inefficient worker.......suggests that the manager
A. is quite pleased with the level of diligence of his secretary
B. has had cause in the complaint against his secretary
C. is dissatisfied with the level of performance of his secretary
D. is non-committal over the efficiency of his secretary

13. it would appear that the manager feels that the secretary
A. should have, if possible, personally cleaned the conference room
B. should have ensured that someone else cleaned the conference room
C. should have ensured that the cleaner did his job
D. is a coward

14. The secretary's attitude seems to be

A. manager sir, you employed this huge and recalcitrant cleaner and I am not to do his job for him
B. it is not the duty of a secretary to enforce the instruction he gives to his junior workers
C. I am a secretary by profession not a cleaner
D. it is not terribly important how tidy the conference room is for the meeting

15. The last comment by the manager suggests that he

A. is going to hold the secretary responsible for what has happened
B. is likely to reprimand both the secretary and the cleaner for dereliction of duty
C. will punish the cleaner but warn the secretary
D. will warn the cleaner and punish the secretary
PASSAGE D
Primitive man was probably more concerned with fire as a source of warmth and as a means of cooking food
than as a source of light. Before the discovered less laborious ways of making fire, he had to preserve it and
whenever he went on a journey, he carried a firebrand with him. He discovered that the firebrand, from which
the torch may well have developed, could be used for illumination was probably incidental to the primary
purpose of preserving a flame.
Lamps too probably developed by accident. Early man may have his first conception of a lamp while watching
a twinge or fiber burning in the molten fat dropped from roasting carcass. All he had to do was to fashion a
vessel to contain fat and float a lighted reed in it. Such lamps which were made of hollow stones or sea-shells
have persisted in identical form up to quite recent times.

16. Primitive man carried a firebrand during his journeys mainly for
A. illumination
B. cooking of food
C. flame preservation
D. warmth

17. According to the passage, the torch probably developed from a

A. firebrand
B. twinge
C. lamp
D. fiber

101
18. Primitive man was least concerned with fire as a
A. means of cooking
B. source of warmth
C. source of light
D. means of travelling

19. One-way early man made a lamp was by putting a lighted reed in a
A. hollow stone
B. sea shell
C. vessel
D. molten fat

20. Primitive man preserved fire because

A. he used it for illumination during his travels
B. his method of making fire was laborious
C. he wanted to discover how to make a lamp
D. he wanted to develop the torch

PASSAGE E
Developments in electronic science have transformed the art of record keeping to the modern age.
Traditionally, records of events were kept only in people’s minds. It depends very much on the retentive
power of the human memory. This was extremely dangerous as people either forgot events wholly or in part
or deliberately falsified details to suit their various interests. Interminable arguments were thus order of the
day. Even writing which replaced mental recording was not entirely free from these shortcomings as untruths
could be written as true either willingly or inadvertently. With the advent of the electronic memory, however
these dangers have been largely overcome. Recording on audio and video cassettes now show not what
happened, but also who did or said what including how and when

21. The author believes that electronic recording is

A. superior only to mental recording
B. inferior to both mental recording and writing
C. superior to both mental recording and writing
D. inferior to only writing

22. The writer believes that the art of record keeping has
A. improved over the years
B. endangered the art of writing
C. changed human memory
D. overcome all the problems facing it

23. How many stages of development did the writer mention while discussing the art of record keeping?
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five

24. According to the author, human memory is unreliable because people

A. die and we forget what they said
B. forget events or tell lies
C. do not always know when events happen
D. do not always know who did what and when

25. From the passage, we gather that writings were almost

A. as unreliable as human memory
B. as reliable as electronic memory
C. more reliable than electronic recording
D. not to be compared to any recording system

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) Underlined:
26. The house-wife was hard up before the end of each month
A. upset
B. penniless
C. borrowing
D. in no need

27. The retired General became a hard- nosed officer after fighting the war
A. tough
B. weak
C. indifferent
D. bed ridden

28. The Lions lost the match because their goalkeeper was in a haze most of the time
A. indisposed
B. confused
C. alert
D. sleeping

29. Unless we see the evils clearly, contending against them is like fighting the air
A. avoiding
B. struggling with
C. combating
D. repelling

30. The explosive growth of world population has not been caused by a sudden increase in human fertility
A. fantastic
B. gradual
C. combustible
D. dangerous

31. It is generally believed that misers are not loved by many

A. spendthrifts
B. spenders
C. hoarders
D. savers

32. My brother’s primary school foundation was solid and this influenced his secondary education
A. sound
B. sordid
C. shaky
D. weak

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase Underlined:
33. is very difficult to know who is not entitled to essential commodities these days observed the mobbed
NNSC officials
A. qualified for
B. disqualified from
C. eligible
D. worthy of

34. 'This is a miniaturized version of your house' remarked the Architect.

A. compressed
B. abridged
C. decreased
D. smaller

35. It is claimed that there is an extinct volcano near Pankshin

A. extinguished
B. inactive
C. dead
D. disused

36. Bola has a sonorous voice.

A. high-pitched
B. beautiful
C. strong
D. throaty

37. Some workers went on rampage at a trade-fair.

A. turned violent
B. robbed
C. were angry
D. demonstrated

38. We have to identify the protagonists of the new movement

A. enemies
B. leading figures
C. opponents
D. believers

39. My nephew came in stealthily through the back gate

A. briskly
B. boldly
C. wearily
D. quietly

40. The distance is not more than twenty kilometers as the crow flies
A. by the longest route
B. by the shortest route
C. by air
D. by the fastest means
41. Your extreme patience sometimes infuriates me
A. impresses
B. annoys
C. frustrates
D. amuses

42. I cannot understand how he suddenly became audacious contrary to his nature
A. proud
B. bold
C. rude
D. hostile

43. He has been a life of make-belief

A. faith
B. fantasy
C. grandeur
D. religion

44. Our teacher seldom comes late to school

A. very often
B. always
C. frequently
D. hardly ever

45. At the age of 80, Musa wished he could put the clock back.
A. stop the clock
B. put down the clock
C. go back in time
D. have more time

46. The Director left his secret file to the Secretary in good faith
A. with proof
B. in anxiety
C. in anticipation
D. in trust

47. The Chief approached the issue with convincing disinterestedness.

A. lack of interest
B. lack of personal interest
C. inability to be interested
D. unwillingness

48. Nothing irritates the clerk more, than being assigned miscellaneous duties
A. classified
B. confidential
C. unscheduled
D. assorted

49It is of fundamental importance that one sleeps properly.

A. undisputed
B. basic
C. special
D. least

50. I know you've been eaves-dropping all along.

A. dropping gently
B. paying attention
C. listening secretly
D. dropping all the leaves

51. She showed an affected interest in the game.

A. real
B. pretended
C. concerned
D. slight

52. I would not like you to do the work piecemeal

A. at meal time
B. bit by bit
C. badly
D. as a masterpiece

53. I think I’ll like to reiterate the points earlier made.

A. withdraw
B. change
C. challenge
D. repeat

54. The sudden death of the king put paid to the ambition of the Minister
A. encourage
B. rewarded
C. benefitted
D. terminated

55. The man insisted on having no strings attached to the agreements

A. financial obligation
B. documents
C. conditions
D. moral obligations

In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap(s):
56. I was .... hearing distance of the speaker.
A. on
B. at
C. within
D. in

57. Peter was such a skillful boxer that he was not afraid to take ...... anybody.
A. to
B. upon
C. on
D. in

58. Owing to the constant harassment of the populace by armed robbers, all night guards have been
instructed to shoot .... every moving thing
A. at sight
B. by sight
C. in sight
D. off sight

59. My wife and I were to celebrate our silver wedding anniversary last Sunday. Unfortunately, on that .... day,
my father-in-law died mysteriously
A. fruitless
B. faithful
C. futile
D. fateful

60. The first graduation ceremony of the university was attended by men from all .... of life
A. works
B. areas
C. walks
D. parts

61. ...... guests enjoyed joy's birthday party

A. The whole
B. All the
C. Every
D. Those very

62. One would wish .... missed that opportunity to be present at the graduation ball
A. to have not
B. for having not
C. to having
D. not to have

63. The ceremony was rounded .... very late.

A. up
B. off
C. of
D. out

64. My ...... brother intends to get married in December.

A. senior
B. elder
C. older
D. oldest

65. The ...... Affairs Officers is expecting all of us in the dining room
A. Student
B. Student's
C. Students
D. Students'

66. Many candidates ...... to realize the difference between written and spoken English
A. fails
B. fail
C. have failed
D. is failing

67. Chinyere has not really described the Cabinet as irresponsible; she only ...... it in her speech.
A. allude to
B. implied
C. applied
D. suggested

68. '.... at 9:30 for more news’, said the announcer.

A. Switch on
B. Tune in
C. Hook on
D. Channel in

69. The way that big boy bullied his sister with relish make me think he could be a ....
A. bully
B. sadist
C. pugilist
D. tyrant

70. All .... well with Peter

A. are not
B. have not been
C. were not
D. is not

71. Ore .... so, if she had thought it necessary

A. would have said
B. would say
C. may have said
D. could say

72. We have done three quarters of the journey already; we .... as well see the end of it
A. can
B. might
C. could
D. may

73. My little daughter has .... sights; hence she now wears glasses
A. diminutive
B. blurred
C. painful
D. defective

74. Bassey's evidence led .... Okon being imprisoned for life
A. at
B. into
C. in
D. to

75. My boss is usually a charming man but ... he can be very irritable.
A. atimes
B. at times
C. those times
D. with times

76. We surely ought to have an .... arrangement in case somebody discovers the presents strategy
A. alternate
B. alternating
C. alternative
D. alternant
77. The nurse kept apologizing to mothers as she stuck her needle .... every baby at the clinic
A. in
B. onto
C. on to
D. into

78. One of the ladies who .... in the premises .... been asked to withdraw.
A. sells/have
B. sell/have
C. sells/has
D. sell/has

79. A tale of two cities .... the .... we are studying for examination
A. are/novels
B. was/novel
C. were/novels
D. is/novel

80. We must not take with us the feelings of inadequacy .... experienced during preparations for the debate
A. that were
B. those were
C. that was
D. that is

81. Omogbai reported that the examinations .... before he arrived in the hall
A. started
B. have started
C. had started
D. are started

82. In my opinion, neither the player nor the coach .... praise for the result of the match.
A. deserves
B. deserve
C. are deserving
D. is deserve

83. no one has said anything yet, but I think I .... be getting a salary increase next month
A. must
B. can
C. would
D. may

84. Student: Excuse me sir, must we complete the assignment before lunch? Teacher: No, you ....
A. needn't
B. mustn't
C. can't
D. shouldn't

85. During demonstration, the mobile police were instructed to break .... the students defense line
A. off
B. open
C. through
D. down

86. Roli failed because the examination was .... difficult for her
A. so
B. very
C. highly
D. too

87. My brother does not have a flair .... mathematics.

A. for
B. in
C. at
D. of

88. The poor little kid has been down .... fever these few days
A. with
B. from
C. in
D. for

89. He did not stop to ask himself why .... such thing.
A. should he do
B. he should do
C. could he have done
D. did he do

90. The quarrel has got to a stage where someone has to ....
A. interrupt
B. interfere
C. intrude
D. intervene

91. The villages looked ...... their leader for good examples.
A. up to
B. on to
C. up at
D. forward to

92. The hunter brought home ...... antelope.

A. alive
B. a life
C. a live
D. a living

93. Do not take my books out of this office unless you .... my permission to do so
A. get
B. have
C. had got
D. are having

94. The man insisted on giving unsolicited ....

A. advice
B. advices
C. advise
D. advises

95. Culture patterns are modified as they are .... from one generation to the next
A. transported
B. transposed
C. translated
D. transmitted

96. We discovered at the end of last term that we had to read .... books before we could confidently go for our
final examination
A. more of many
B. very many more
C. very much more
D. more very many

97. Chinedu took his umbrella with him in case it ....

A. rain
B. rained
C. would rain
D. is raining

98. The train was to slow so I decided to .... at the next stop
A. get by
B. get bye
C. get off
D. get of
99. Dapo has made good use of some useful .... on the chemical composition of chalk
A. information
B. piece of information
C. informations
D. pieces of informations

100. Tonye said that he was going to bed because he was .... to do any more work
A. tired out
B. very tired
C. too tired
D. extremely tired

USE OF ENGLISH 1988 COMPREHENSION

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE A
I was to remember my first day at Freedom University for a long time. On arrival on campus, I expected to be
met by some stale students (as was the practice in my secondary school) but every student around was new
like myself. I asked the way to Grant Hall but not one could tell me. I asked a number of other questions about
issues that bothered me, such as where and how to pay the fees, the way to the dining hall and so on but no
help was forthcoming. So, in the midst of so many people, I am all alone, I mused to myself. The prospect was
not in the least cheerful and all the elation I had felt at gaining entry into a renowned university at sixteen
been to disappear. Then so if propelled by an unknown benevolent force, I walked a little bit down the
corridor in the direction of notice board at which some ten young men and women were peering. For want of
something to do, I decided to stop and look at the notice board. Alas! I had opened on the key to all the
riddles that had dribbled me since I set foot on campus that morning. On the board there was a big campus
map in which I was able to locate Grant Hall and other places of interest, there were details of various
activities lined up for the three days of orientation for freshmen and a comprehensive list of those offered
admission into various courses. How blissful I felt to see the light of knowledge, having been wallowing in the
darkness of ignorance. Even then I was not able to escape the thought that I could not be sure how much of
the responsibility for the darkness was mine, the fact that something had not been done to draw attention to
5that apocalypse of the notice board had contributed clearly to my initial predicament. All that
notwithstanding, I learnt from the incident an importance of reading notice boards and handbills if one is to
be informed about places and events in the university.

1. The writer of the passage felt isolated because

A. there were too many people
B. he was a new student in freedom university
C. there were too many new students
D. none of the many people around could help him

2. The writer says that the prospect was not cheerful because
A. no one could tell him how to get to Grant Hall
B. he had felt too elated when he gained admission into the university
C. there was no hope of getting out of his predicament
D. the other students were hostile

3. In the passage, ‘the darkness of ignorance' refers to the

A. state of the writer before he found the notice board
B. ignorance of illiterates
C. ignorance of those who have not been to university
D. fact that he was a freshman

4. According to the passage, the writer's predicament was caused by

A. the writer himself
B. those who displayed the notice and perhaps the writer
C. the nature of the notice board and where it was placed
D. those who displayed the notice

5. The writer remembered his first day in the university for a long time because he
A. had felt very happy at being admitted into the university
B. could not get anybody to help him on his first day in the university
C. had learnt the hard way how to keep informed about happenings in the university
D. eventually discover the notice board by chance

PASSAGE B
To listen properly is hard job and probably one of the toughest skills in the art of communication. Good
listening has nothing to do with proper functioning of one’s auditory organs, which is assumed to be
inevitable. Good listening in the sense we are interested in is not a biological factor, but a psychological one.
Your auditory orangs may be in perfect order, when actually you cannot use them creatively. Creative
listening implies your being efficient in the art of concentration; in other words, you concentrate on what one
is saying so as to make sure that you hear all that is said. At the same time you are concentrating to hear all
that is being said, you are also thinking fast, digesting what is being said, allowing your mental faculties and
your memory to accept that which you understand and to reject that which you do not understand, sorting
out what you do not understand and storing them somewhere in your brain for future discussion and all at
the same time rationalizing what you hear, accepting that which you find rational and rejecting that which you
do not find rational.
After you must have listened creatively to what you have been told, then you can respond if the need arises. It
is quite proper that you respond because the process of response enhances the art of communication. But
your response ought to be only a necessary response; a response that will improve your understanding. This
response should involve your mentioning some things you have been told but which do not understand, or
politely questioning the rationality of some of the speaker’s argument. But your response must be
constructive; must enhance the communicative worth. It should not be an unnecessary argument, or an
opportunity for you to express dissatisfaction. The ability properly aids communication and understanding

6. The passage says that

A. there are many skills of communication of which listening is one
B. the art of listening is the toughest of all communication skills
C. good listening depends on perfect function of the auditory organs
D. good listening needs formal training

7. Creative listening involves all the following EXCEPT

A. efficient concentration
B. making sure that what the speaker is saying is audible
C. that the listener must be able to think fast
D. that there must be a co-ordination of all the objective faculties

8. Creative listening implies all EXCEPT

A. a critical enterprise
B. an uncompromising rejection of the speaker's argument
C. some argument with the speaker
D. a great deal of discipline

9. The tone of the passage is

A. sermonizing
B. pleading
C. analytical
D. argumentative

10. A most suitable title for the passage is

A. communicative skills
B. how to listen attentively
C. listening in communication
D. listening argument and understanding

PASSAGE C
In the past, learning English as a separate subject seemed relatively easy. The textbook selected and graded
items of language which were put into context and then practiced intensively. New items were carefully
controlled do that the student could cope quite easily. Now that English used as a medium of instruction,
however, all this has changed. Unknown items of grammar and vocabulary appear in texts which attempt to
explain new and often difficult information. Difficulties with the language interact with difficulties as regards
the subject matter. The student’s reading in his own subject slows down and his comprehension becomes less
secure. He expresses himself slowly and often fails to convey his ideas exactly. He is disappointed to find that
under pressure he makes a lot of unnecessary mistakes in area where he knows the correct language forms.
His social relation are difficult as he cannot find the right phrase quickly enough to keep a conversation going;
so, his language often betrays him into dullness, coldness, or worst of all rudeness. Instead of the students
being in control of the language, the language seems now to be in control of the student.
All of this can be very depressing and the student can start to feel very anxious. Working in a foreign language
is also very tiring, and the concentration and self-discipline required to correct one’s mistakes is very great
indeed.
11. Select the most appropriate title for this passage
A. problem of learning a new language
B. problems of learning English as a separate subject
C. problems of working in English as a foreign language
D. difficulties with interacting in English

12. The student begins experiencing difficulties with English when

A. learning English with other subjects
B. learning English as a separate subject
C. his comprehension becomes less secure
D. using English as a medium of instruction

13. The expression 'his language often betrays him into dullness, coldness, or worst of all, rudeness' means
that
A. his English language lets him down and he becomes dull, cold and rude
B. the way he uses the language gives one the impression that he is dull, cold or rude
C. he betrays his bad manners by using English badly
D. his dullness, coldness or rudeness

14. The statement 'instead of the student being in control of the language, the language seems now to be in
control of the student' implies that the
A. writer is not serious; he is only being humorous
B. languages can make the student behave like an Englishman
C. language can make the student behave rather badly
D. student should stop using the language so as not to be controlled by it

15. The most likely source of difficulty for the student working with English as a medium of instruction is
A. the newness of the subject matter in the texts being read
B. unknown items of grammar and vocabulary in the texts
C. the student's slow reading rate in his own subject
D. the tiring nature of working in a foreign language

PASSAGE D
In order to approach the problem of anxiety in play, let us consider the activity of building and destroying a
tower. Many a mother thinks that her son is in a ‘destructive stage’ or even has a ‘destructive personality’
because after building a big, big tower, the boy cannot follow her advice to leave the tower for Daddy to see,
but instead must kick it and make it collapse. The almost manic pleasure with which children watch the
collapse in a second of the product of long play-labor has puzzles many, especially since the child does not
appreciate it at all if his tower falls by accident or by a helpful uncle’s hand. He, the builder must destroy it
himself. This game, I should think arises from the not-so-distant experience of sudden falls at the very time
when standing upright on wobbly legs afforded a new and fascinating perspective on existence. The child who
consequently learns to make a tower ‘stand up’ enjoys causing the same tower to waver and collapse; in
addition to the active mastery over a previous passive event, it makes one feel stronger to know that there is
somebody weaker-and towers, unlike little sister, can’t cry and call ‘mummy’

16. In the passage 'manic pleasure' means

A. wicked pleasure
B. childish pleasure
C. unlimited pleasure
D. human pleasure

17. The expression 'must kick it and make it collapse' in this context means
A. is forced to kick it and demolish
B. is obliged to kick it and demolish it
C. cannot resist the urge to demolish it
D. ought to kick it and make it collapse

18. According to this passage, it gives the child great pleasure

A. for daddy to see the tower he has built
B. to destroy the tower himself
C. to see his tower accidentally destroyed
D. to be helped to destroy the tower

19. How does the author try to explain this 'destructive stage'?
A. it is the last stage in child development
B. the child wants to displease his parents
C. it grows out of the child's recent experience of sudden falls
D. the child is just going through a destructive stage
20. What other feeling does the child derive from the fall of his tower apart from pleasure?
A. strength
B. anxiety
C. pity
D. depression

PASSAGE E
The market was old, timeless Africa; loud, crowed and free. Here a man sat making sandals from old discarded
motor-car tires; there another worked at an old sewing machine, making a nightgown-like affair while the
buyer waited; a little further on, an old goldsmith worked at his dying art, but using now copper fillings
instead of gold to fashion the lovely trinkets women wear the world over; elsewhere a woman sold country
cloth fashioned with such fine art that only Africans think of it as a garment of utility. Trade was slow and loud
everywhere. This was as much a social as a shopping center. For an excuse to spend the day at the market, a
woman would walk all way from her village to town with half dozen eggs. She would spread them on a little
bit of ground for which she paid rent. Through the day she would squat on the ground and talk to others who
came for the same reason. She would refuse to sell her wares till it was time to leave. They were the excuse
for business. Whether in earnest or as an excuse, the traders were boisterously free, loud-mouthed and
happy. The laughter of the market was a laughter found nowhere else in all the world……………

21. According to the passage, the woman with half a dozen of egg in the market
A. is doing earnest business
B. comes purposely to enjoy herself
C. is like other traders in the market
D. does not like her husband at home

22. 'An old goldsmith worked on his dying art' means that the
A. goldsmith's trade was no longer popular
B. goldsmith was old and might soon die
C. goldsmith knew well the art of dying
D. goldsmith now used copper filings

23. Which of the following titles BEST reflects the content of the passage?
A. a market scene
B. trading in the market
C. an African market scene
D. an African shopping center

24. Which of the following statements BEST illustrates the impression the writer has created about the
market?
A. an old, timeless and scantily populated place
B. a place people come to for business or pleasure
C. an old, crowed and discarded place
D. a place for all types of wares and laughter
25. Which of the following groups of items may be found for sale in the market?
A. motor-car tyres, eggs and gold trinkets
B. eggs, sandals and gold trinkles
C. country cloth, gold trinkets and sandals
D. country cloth, copper trinkles and eggs

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) Underlined:
26. Our government is making determined efforts to eradicate illiteracy
A. compulsory
B. ineffective
C. innocent
D. unreliable

27. Makerere University has a large intake of students each year

A. rejection
B. product
C. output
D. turn-out

28. Florence flogged the girl reluctantly

A. eagerly
B. calmy
C. furiously
D. laboriously

29. Sola's car is badly damaged; he has to look for an expert mechanic to fix it.
A. uneducated
B. amateurish
C. awkward
D. unscientific

30. Coastal plains are often very densely populated.

A. weakly
B. badly
C. rarely
D. sparsely

31. Wilfred was a mindless criminal

A. strong
B. mindful
C. feeling
D. memorable
32. The judge blamed the plaintiff for misleading the court
A. defendant
B. complainant
C. accused
D. prosecution

33. The thieves vandalized the vault's lock

A. repaired
B. arranged
C. serviced
D. actuated

34. The demonstrators have refused to call off their action

A. consolidate
B. start
C. resume
D. end

35. The angry waves swallowed the boat

A. gentle
B. unruffled
C. cool
D. serene

36. Ngozi and Ekaette were fast friends when we were in the secondary school
A. friends who run very quickly together
B. friends who go without food for a long time together
C. friends who are not easily separated from each other
D. friends who spend too much time and energy on pleasure and excitement together

37. My son has just been rusticated from the university

A. sent home to get his fees
B. sent home for misconduct
C. sent home to rest for some time
D. sent home to become realistic

38. All we need is a concerted effort to combat the epidemic

A. persistent
B. dramatic
C. joint
D. concentrated

39. Jimoh has cupboard love for Sidikatu

A. love that never fails
B. genuine love
C. love for what he wants from her
D. love that can fail in time of trouble
40. Yahaya hardly knows on which side his bread is buttered in the matter
A. where his interest lies
B. what he must do
C. where he should go
D. whom to contact for help

41. The preacher is under a cloud among the congregation

A. out of favor
B. under observation
C. under weather
D. confused

42. The politician played to the gallery to win the election

A. obeyed the people
B. sang a good song for the people
C. went to the gallery
D. went out of his way to appeal to the taste of the people

43. The hefty warder came in and all the prisoners snuffed out their cigarettes
A. extinguished
B. put out
C. squeezed
D. put down

44. The popularity of the slogan is beginning to wane

A. wear
B. slide
C. thin out
D. decline

45. The policeman looked at the face of the robber and saw tell-tale signs of a dyed-in-the wool convict.
A. hardened
B. remorseless
C. heady
D. hardhearted

46. 'Marcus bears watching; remarked Emperor Nero.

A. deserves
B. needs
C. favors
D. enjoys
47. The senior prefect had to carry the can because he refused to identify the culprit
A. dispose the can refuse
B. accept responsibility
C. be made one of the scape goats
D. bear the brunt

48. The senior had the habit of setting the cat among the pigeon whenever matters concerning his
constituency came up for debate
A. illuminating issues that are not clear
B. monopolizing the discussion
C. making frequent interruptions in the nature of points of correction
D. introducing elements of controversy and confusion

49. Adah has not been regular at lectures because she has been off color
A. gloomy
B. trying to hide her bleached skin
C. slightly sick
D. upset

50. When the man lost his two sons in a motor accident, he cracked up
A. became broken-hearted
B. became inconsolable
C. became slightly deranged
D. became temperamental

51. The news of his performance in the sessional examination has made Okechukwu crestfallen
A. highly irritable
B. dejected
C. elated
D. pompous

52. The man rebuked his son severely, but his words seem to have cut on ice
A. been unconvincing
B. had no effect
C. not cooled the boy's temper
D. added insult to injury

53. The urban environment tends to form the nucleus of a common dialect.
A. setting
B. repository
C. cell
D. core
54. I shall be with you presently
A. now
B. in a moment
C. at present
D. for the time being

55. The builder's taste reflected superfluous grandeur

A. excellent
B. superlative
C. expensive
D. too much

In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fills the gap(s).:

56. The child's recent training has not been very effective, he is likely to .... to his old habits
A. revert
B. convert
C. reverse
D. revise

57. The students went on whispering in .... of the teacher

A. dishonor
B. disagreement
C. defiance
D. disobedience

58. You can never find Okwu; he is a very .... person

A. delusive
B. elusive
C. illusive
D. deceptive

59. You could see that Akpan did not give his evidence ....
A. honestly completely
B. complete honestly
C. honest completely
D. completely honestly

60. The suspect defrauded his ...... victims of large sums of money
A. unsuspected
B. unsuspecting
C. unexpecting
D. unexpected
61. The ... of the participating countries will hold a preconference on the eve of the conference.
A. Auditors Generals
B. Auditors General
C. Auditors generals
D. Auditors generals

62. The drummers struck their drums with great efforts and the surging crowds of dancers .... and .... the
grounds around the palace.
A. structed/thumped
B. kicked/stamped
C. thumped/licked
D. stroked/thumped

63. The chairman's daughter's laughter was with no .... to ridicule the applicant
A. intention
B. intend
C. intendment
D. intent

64. The water is not good for drinking; it's been .... by the dead rabbit
A. contaminated
B. infested
C. spoilt
D. diseased

65. The austerity of the times has made people to be more .... in their spending
A. watchful
B. circumspect
C. misely
D. hesitant

66. Are you sure he prefers a horse ride .... a walk?

A. than to take
B. to taking
C. instead to take
D. than

67. .... to your request, we have decided to provide the necessary information
A. As regards
B. With regards
C. With regard
D. Regarding
68. The price of everything seems to have ... up in the last few months
A. climbed
B. shot
C. risen
D. flared

69. Just to convince you about my commitment to the project, I shall .... at the office before I leave for Kano
tomorrow.
A. put up an appearance
B. put in an appearance
C. put up appearance
D. put an appearance

70. There was a .... of steps.

A. stair
B. height
C. flight
D. climb

71. Many young men of nowadays do not know how to properly .... their cloths.
A. press
B. iron
C. smoothen
D. stretch

72. The dancers were all in .... before their departure

A. good spirits
B. good spirit
C. high spirit
D. high spirits

73. Ebun .... the edge of the cliff after his shoes had failed to grip.
A. fell down
B. fell off
C. fell away
D. fell down

74. That old lady prefers .... bread .... clothes.

A. to bake/than making
B. to bake/ to making
C. baking/to making
D. baking/than to making
75. I wonder how much ......
A. cost these earrings
B. do these earrings cost
C. are these earrings costing
D. these earrings cost

76. The college authorities have …... the students to end the strike
A. called for
B. called on
C. called
D. called of

77. I have been trying to locate you ......

A. since five days
B. five days now
C. since five days now
D. for five days

78. The host insisted on ... what he called 'a little gift'
A. me to accept
B. me accepting
C. my accepting
D. my acceptance

79. The whole class looked forward to .... Kainji Dam at Christmas.
A. visiting
B. visit
C. be visiting
D. a visit

80. A government spokesman announced that efforts .... the release of hostages are continuing
A. to obtain
B. in obtaining
C. for obtaining
D. of obtaining

81. I know you will think am talking nonsense, Shehu, but .... you'll realize that I was right.
A. at one time
B. on time
C. in time
D. at time

82. The Inspector of Education who made several trips on bad road returned yesterday completely .... by fever
A. brought down
B. put down
C. worn down
D. worn off

83. The vice principal asked the students to always .... their answer only from the textbooks recommended for
the course
A. look out
B. search out
C. look up
D. bring up

84. I know that your friend will not accept the proposal ....
A. and you neither
B. and neither you
C. neither do you
D. neither will you

85. Mark is a very handsome fellow who informs me that he was .... for pretty girls
A. a heart
B. a lip
C. an eye
D. a check

86. Wale Agun, in creating his characters, draws freely .... his experience in life
A. by
B. in
C. on
D. of

87. When I have an appointment with someone, I hate .... waiting

A. to be keeping
B. for being kept
C. being kept
D. in being kept

88. The event reported in the newspaper did not happen years ago; they ....
A. are of recent
B. had happened recently
C. are recent
D. recently happened

89. There is no point getting upset by problems; I take them ....

A. in my stride
B. on the spur of the moment
C. by leaps and bounds
D. in a jiffy

90. There is no need to stand .... ceremony in matters of this nature

A. by
B. to
C. on
D. for

91. The driver will .... all the students interested in going to Lagos tomorrow at 7 a:m outside the Main
Building
A. lift
B. lift up
C. pick
D. pick up

92. What bothered me about the lecture was that the speaker ... too many irrelevant works
A. slighted
B. sighted
C. sited
D. cited

93. The students were suspended because they were ....

A. indisciplined
B. undisciplined
C. undiscipled
D. disciplinary

94. We heard the .... of breaks which was followed by a crashing noise
A. screaming
B. screeching
C. scraping
D. streaking

95. It's no good .... about the result until you have sat for examination
A. to worry
B. for warring
C. worrying
D. to have worried

96. If you don't want to .... your car to robbers, then don't travel in the night
A. loose
B. loss
C. lose
D. lost

97. The beautiful plan made for the expansion of the business fell .... as soon as the manager died.
A. down
B. out
C. in
D. through
98. I had not given the question a thought before my answer came ....
A. momentarily
B. in an instant
C. on the spur of the moment
D. just like that

99. The small girl is.... than her elder sister

A. more cleverer
B. very clever
C. much cleverer
D. much more clever

100. .... are good friends

A. He and I
B. I and him
C. I and he
D. He and me
JAMB ENGLISH 1989 USE OF ENGLISH

PASSAGE A
As the stranger approached, shola noticed that he was handsome and her excitement increased. It was of
such a man she had dreamt. He had fine, arrogant carriage, like a soldier or someone in authority. When he
reached the end of the pier, he addressed them in a rich, deep voice that disturbed her as the voluptuous
rising of the tide had gone.
‘You’re Tunde Onu, I’m told’, he said to her father.
‘That’s right, said her father.
‘The bus conductor told me you take people to the islands’, the man continued. I’d like to go there if you can
take me.
Her father examined the man from head to foot, shrewdly measuring his capacity to pay. Then he said:
‘When were you thinking of going?’
‘Right away’.
‘That’s different story, for my boatman is gone to Badagry and he won’t be back before nightfall.
‘Oh!’ said the stranger. That’s too bad. You couldn’t get someone else instead of him?
‘I would have to think hard’, he said gloomily, for its not everyone would do for the job of going with me
beyond the bay to the islands at this time of the year.
Shola understood her father’s maneuver and felt ashamed.

75
1. How would you describe shola's father?
A. a greedy boatman
B. an energetic but good for nothing man
C. a loving father who wants to safeguard the interest of his daughter
D. a talkative fool

2. Which of the following is NOT true of the passage?

A. shola did not approve of her father's behavior towards the stranger
B. shola's father could roe the stranger to the islands alone had he wished
C. shola's father exaggerated the difficulties in order to raise his fee
D. shola had recently been disturbed by the tide

3. Which of the following is true of the stranger in the passage?

A. he was a proud and good-looking man with a deep voice that annoyed shola
B. he was familiar with the people of the islands
C. he was a fine gentleman in need of help
D. he was too proud to reciprocate shola's love

4. 'Maneuver' in the passage means

A. shrewdness
B. cleverness
C. stupidity
D. strategy

5. Which of the following is true of the passage?

A. the stranger was in a bad mood
B. the stranger came by bus
C. shola and her father were idle when the stranger came
D. shola's father measured the stranger from head to foot

PASSAGE B
I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill among nations and that if only the
common people of the world could meet one another at football or squash, they would have no inclination to
meet on the battle field. Even if one didn’t know from concrete example (the 1936 Olympic games, for
instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general
principals.
Nearly all the sports practiced nowadays are competitive. You play to win, and the game has little meaning.
Unless you do your utmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and not feeling of local
patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simple for fun of it and exercise, but as soon as the question of
prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage
combative instincts are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the
international level, sport is frankly a mimic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behavior of the players
but the attitude of the spectators and behind the spectators are the nations who work themselves into furies
over these absurd contests and seriously believe at any rate for short period that running, jumping and kicking
a ball are tests of national virtue.
Even a leisurely game demanding grace rather than strength can cause much ill-will. Football, a game in which
everyone gets hurt and every nation has its own style or play is far worse. Worst of all is boxing. One of the
most horrible sights in the world is a fight between white and colored boxers before a mixed audience

6. The 1936 Olympic games was cited in the passage to show that sport can
A. lead to excessive hatred
B. create goodwill among nations
C. generate feelings of national prestige
D. make people meet on the battle field

7. According to the passage

A. all the sports practiced nowadays are competitive
B. games have meaning only when the participants play to win
C. it is impossible to play a game simply for fun of it
D. on the local green, you play not to win but for the fun of it

8. Boxing is regarded as the worst game in the passage because

A. of the behavior of the boxers themselves
B. of the amount of ill-will that can be generated among spectators of different races
C. of the ill-will that can be generated by a game that demands strength from the competitors
D. is a game in which both players get hurt rather badly

9. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue
B. at the national level, sports is frankly a mimic warfare
C. the most savage combative instincts are aroused by anyone who has played in a school football match
D. nations work themselves up because they tend to believe that6 sports are tests of national virtue

10. 'Mimic' as used in the passage means

A. comic
B. silent
C. imitated
D. practiced

PASSAGE C
His eyes widened as they fell upon something strange. Something was moving slowly and cautiously along the
gutter. The pale yellow and brown of the snake’s body glistened like a stream of flowing metal. By what
mistake had the creature strayed into this unlikely place? Impossible to say. Yet there it was and its slow
movements betrayed uneasiness and confusion.
As he watched it, his instinctive antipathy melted away. He could understand so well what the snake was
feeling. He entered into the cold, narrow intelligence and shared its angry perplexity. Its movement were
cramped, its advance difficulty and it was in constant danger of slipping over the edge. Now and then it lay
still in dull reflection, nursing a cold anger that could find no vent.
Meanwhile the little plant bent downward by every puff of wind was beating its thin twings against the gutter
like a birch. The snake seemed not to see the plant. It moved forward until a light touch from the twings fell
upon its head. At this, it stopped and lifted its neck; the plant was now doing no more than lightly sway and
dip. The snake, its head still reared, waited, flickering tongue. One could feel the angry heaving and straining
in the sluggish brain-the dull red anger waiting to explode. Then came a strong gust sweeping along the wall
and at once the twings thrashed down upon the furious head-thrashed down and beat it with a movement
that seemed to osun both comic and dreadful. In a flash, the head reared itself higher, the neck drew back and
there was a lunge at the twings and the empty air. O fatal act! To strike, the snake had been obliged to coil
and its coiled body could not support itself upon the narrow ledge. No recovery was possible; it overbalanced
and fell with a thud upon a small flat roof fifty feet below. There, osun saw the creature begin to writhe in
agony. It could do no more than twist and turn upon the same spot
Osun was trembling but beneath his agitation there was a deep trouble wonder. Here was the little plants
now waving with kind of jaunty cynicism and here was the snake writhing in agony. The world unquestionably
was a place of mystery and horror. This was revealed in the writhing of the crippled snake in the jaunty waving
of the innocent plant in the wind.

11. The snake was referred to as 'something strange' because the

A. movement of the snake along the gutter was slow and cautious
B. movement of the snake betrayed strange uneasiness and confusion
C. color of the snake's body was an unusual stream of flowing metal
D. environment in which the snake was found was unusual

12. As the narrator watched the snake, his feelings changed to those of
A. anger and apathy
B. antipathy and perplexity
C. perplexity
D. angry bewilderment

13. The act of the snake was described as 'fatal' because the snake's attack was going to
A. be fatal to the plant
B. make the coiled body not to support itself upon the narrow ledge
C. result in the crippling of the snake
D. result in no possible recovery

14. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. osun was not an active observer in the combat between the snake and the little plant
B. the moves of the little plant during encounter with the snake were not voluntary
C. the attack of the plant during the combat was entirely to blame for the fall of the snake
D. during the combat, the behavior of the plant could be likened to that of a human being.

15. The 'fight' between the plant and the snake was prompted
A. the plant
B. osun
C. the wind
D. the snake

PASSAGE D
In the past, famine, various types of diseases and natural disasters checked population growth in many
countries. At that time, man had not learnt to till the soil sufficiently to improve and increase her yield. Man
was unable to do much to conquer these diseases and natural disasters were regarded as a curse of the gods
for which man had no answer. Thus famine, diseases and natural disasters remained a nightmare to mankind.
With the present development in technology and modern agriculture, one would have thought that the
problem of starvation should have been solved. But starvation still stares man in the face. The increase in
population now accounts for the consequent scarcity of food experienced in many parts of the world.
However, in some countries, man’s advancement in technology and medicine has rapidly increased the
population while improved methods of agriculture and food preservation have caused steady rise in food
production. Also, man can now effectively prevent and cure most diseases in the world.
Unfortunately, the working population engaged in agriculture is so small that it cannot produce enough to
satisfy the gaping mouths to be fed. In various parts of the world, man has engaged himself in various jobs in
order to adjust the food production to match the growing population so his zone, but population growth
continues to outstrip food production measures. Incidentally, the source of food and food preservation
measures can be limited unlike population growth which may not be effectively checked. Perhaps the only
effective checks to population explosion may be the drastic birth control measures. But many religious sects
the world over are opposed to many to these birth control measures.
16. In the passage 'nightmare' means
A. a terrifying or deeply distressing dream
B. natural disasters
C. all those hazards which made life hideous
D. a curse

17. Natural disasters were regarded as a curse of the gods on mankind because man
A. had no satisfactory solution to natural disasters
B. had not learnt to till the soil sufficiently
C. was suffering from the woes pronounced on mankind by the gods
D. could not send reply to the gods

18. 'But starvation still stares man in the face' means starvation
A. looks at the face of man
B. is inevitable to man
C. flies in the face of man
D. still afflicts man

19. The working population engaged in agriculture cannot feed the teeming population sufficiently because
A. there are gaping mouths to be fed
B. they do not produce what they like to eat
C. there are not enough people engaged in tilling the soil
D. improved methods of agriculture have not brought about a significant increase in food production

20. Drastic birth control measures may not be effective checks to population explosion since many religious
sects
A. are disinclined to oppose their use
B. object to the use of many of them
C. are disinclined to accept them for use
D. want the control measures applied

PASSAGE E
The evidence given so far demonstrates that a nuclear exchange in the Northern Hemisphere would have an
unavoidable global aftermath making the continued existence of mankind impossible anywhere. It is also very
improbable that a nuclear exchange would be confined exclusively to the vicinity of the industrialized
developments indicate that a nuclear disaster would be carried into the territories of the developing countries
in Asia, Africa and Latin America. These developments include the preparations being made by aggressive
forces for the armed seizure of the Middle East oil fields, the nuclear missile deployment in the south of
Western Europe, the establishment of military bases for the rapid deployment of forces in North Africa and
the Indian Ocean and the tensions in the south Atlantic and the Caribbean.

21. A suitable tittle for this passage is

A. preparation for nuclear war on the third world countries
B. possible effects of nuclear war on third world countries
C. strategies for a nuclear confrontation
D. the merits and demerits of nuclear exchange

22. 'Aggressive' in the passage means

A. militant
B. dissident
C. reactionary
D. revolutionary

23. The central point being stressed in the passage is that

A. nuclear war is inevitable in the third world countries
B. nuclear war is imminent in the third world countries
C. a country does not have to be industrialized before being concerned with nuclear matters
D. the aggressive forces of the world are ready to carry the nuclear battle into the developing nations

24. According to the author, current world development points to

A. an exclusive destruction of the developing countries
B. a likely spread of nuclear calamity to the third world countries
C. nuclear exchange taking place in Africa, Asia and Latin America
D. a confrontation between the industrialized and the developing countries

25. From this passage, we learn that nuclear exchange in the northern hemisphere would be
A. inconceivable
B. inevitable
C. fatal to mankind
D. partially destructive

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) Underlined:
26. The government is making concerted efforts at providing essential social facilities in the rural areas.
A. dissipated
B. unconcerned
C. unsuccessful
D. uncontrolled

27. The western allies frowned at their enemies indiscriminate bombing of their territory
A. impartial
B. selective
C. unprovoked
D. divided

28. The girl is very intelligent, but her jokes are rather outrageous
A. offensive
B. courageous
C. pleasant
D. unwholesome

29. We cannot but talk about his invaluable contributions to the affairs of the society
A. worthless
B. costly
C. unrecognized
D. incalculable

30. This fertility figure, of course, conceals wide individual variations among the people
A. attracts
B. covers
C. exposes
D. concludes

31. Men living in an extended family know that they have to be responsible for the welfare of some other
person's children
A. extensive
B. nuclear
C. neutral
D. contracted

32. The appearance of the pall-bearers was extremely fascinating

A. magnetic
B. unorganized
C. interesting
D. repulsive

33. Many mines protested against the order to march into the coal pits
A. strut
B. amble
C. trudge
D. ramble

34. The hasty action will bring nothing but discredit to them
A. honor
B. shame
C. reward
D. disgrace

35. The man's health has deteriorated in the hospital

A. collapsed
B. improved
C. worsened
D. revived

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase(s) Underlined:
36. The boss made a clean sweep of all old hands in the office
A. completely got rid
B. cleanly swept the office
C. made a quick change
D. made an adjustment

37. Her anxiety was apparent to everyone present at the ceremony

A. real
B. visible
C. transparent
D. unknown

38. Our experience on board the aircraft is nothing to write home about
A. not remarkable
B. not unpleasant
C. nobody's business
D. not a home affair

39. The rampage was organized and directed by the militant ones among the students
A. soldiers
B. rebellious ones
C. belligerent ones
D. commandoes

40. The governor advised his people to get off the beaten tracks in their approach to community matters
A. use the old roads
B. make the track better
C. find new ways
D. avoid beaten about the bush

41. It was their custom to keep an open house on Sundays

A. welcome all visitors
B. keep the shutters open
C. leave the house open
D. expose the whole house

42. The president made a passionate appeal for calm

A. inflamed
B. disturbing
C. intense
D. lively

43. Mali stole the day's takings from the bakery.

A. receipts
B. collection
C. contributions
D. offerings

44. You do not need to stutter in order to show your excitement

A. jump about
B. shout
C. sob
D. stammer

45. what embarrasses is the stealthy way in which the new servant goes about his duties in the house
A. indolent
B. furtive
C. boisterous
D. agile

46. I have never been accustomed to seeing my brother in such a pensive mood
A. merry
B. infuriated
C. thoughtful
D. hostile

47. The administrator's apathy was soon noticed by all his subordinates.
A. indifference
B. kindness
C. concern
D. inefficiency

48. The way he handled the whole issue was rather despicable
A. disturbing
B. likeable
C. contemptible
D. frustrating

49. The authenticity of the reporter's claims should be established before taking further actions on the matter
A. facts
B. source
C. evidence
D. genuineness

50. After careful investigation, the police found no iota of truth in Ibrahim's allegations
A. quota
B. grain
C. evidence
D. statement

51. The case was thrown out because the court lacked jurisdiction
A. jurors to help the judge
B. authority
C. prosecutors
D. appellate powers

52. The chief will launch the fund-raising appeal

A. make a speech at
B. eat his afternoon meal during
C. travel by boat
D. start off

53. Sade has been employed. But she is unhappy because it is a run off the mill job
A. a boring
B. an exciting
C. a tiring
D. an ordinary

54. I would like to like to believe that this brilliant performance of yours is not just a flash in the pan
A. repeated occurrence
B. normal happening
C. flashy happening
D. chance occurrence

55. As the wedding day approached, the bride began to develop cold feet
A. fall sick
B. feel cold
C. be reluctant
D. become aggressive

56. I told my brother to get the matter off his chest as soon as possible
A. give serious thought to the matter
B. say what he has been anxious to say
C. make a brief comment
D. state his point clearly
57. He has a big heart, but he is inept at following a witty conversation
A. large
B. huge
C. warm
D. fragile

58. The clerk refused to answer for the mistake made by the manager and his assistants
A. reply to
B. give an answer
C. accept responsibility
D. account for

59. Most of his observations were wide of the mark

A. comprehensible
B. irrelevant
C. pertinent
D. unacceptable

60. I didn't think she could be so easily taken in by his pretenses

A. flattered
B. deceived
C. overcome
D. blackmailed

61. Do you have the same aversion as I do for war films

A. bitterness
B. dislike
C. criticism
D. preference

62. His summary of the meeting was brief and to the point
A. precise
B. accurate
C. exact
D. crucial

63. The minister hit on a plan to retain his post after many months of lobbying
A. drew up a plan
B. discovered a plan
C. selected a plan
D. designed a plan

64. My friend will hate his uncle forever because he left him in the lurch in his hour of need
A. abandoned him
B. punished him
C. disinherited him
D. despised him

65. Our school prefect is too officious and we all hate him because of his behavior.
A. efficient
B. efficacious
C. over-zealous
D. active

In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap(s):
66. When I met Amadi yesterday it was the first time I .... him for six months.
A. had seen
B. saw
C. have seen
D. have been seeing

67. A student's natural ability should be a .... factor in his choosing a course of study at the university.
A. determined
B. determining
C. determinant
D. determinate

68. Many unrelated issues were touched upon in the .... of the discussion
A. cause
B. course
C. coarse
D. curse

69. The traveler had to run .... in order to .... the train.
A. first/catch
B. fast/cash
C. fast/catch
D. first/cash

70. When the driver lost control of his vehicle, the pedestrian began to run for ....
A. their dear lives
B. their dear life
C. dears lives
D. dear life

71. My uncle is one of the ...... of the society

A. elitists
B. elites
C. elite
D. elitist

72. The new singlet factory is built on the .... of Aba township
A. outstretch
B. outskates
C. outskirts
D. outskirt

73. If Kaka hadn't tried to stand up in the boat, he .... into the lake
A. wouldn't have fallen
B. will not have fell
C. will not have fallen
D. wouldn't have fell

74. The soldiers were sufficiently equipped with ....

A. arms and ammunition
B. arms and ammunitions
C. arm and ammunitions
D. arm and ammunition
75. My younger brother is going to the stream with .... boys
A. two other little
B. other little two
C. two little other
D. other two little

76. Okoro intends to wear his .... dress to zoo this afternoon
A. white cotton new
B. white new cotton
C. new white cotton
D. cotton white new

77. Sociologists are concerned with the problem of man in ....

A. a society
B. the society
C. society
D. some society

78. The contractors were short .... cash even before the project was completed
A. in
B. for
C. with
D. of

79. The judge acquitted the accused .... all the eight counts
A. of
B. on
C. from
D. upon

80. If we go hunting this weekend, we'll have to .... with scratch meals and sleep in hut in the forest
A. make up
B. make do
C. make out
D. make good

81. ‘Leave me alone’ blurted the angry customer. I can’t …... with your price hike
A. make do
B. put up
C. make out
D. make good

82. The committee was disgusted .... the way the office was being run
A. at
B. by
C. with
D. over

83. Many a man .... done without milk in .... tea these days
A. had/their
B. has/his
C. have/their
D. had/his

84. The .... car is the center of attraction.

A. small racing light green
B. racing small light-green
C. small light-green racing
D. light-green small racing

85. If i had not finished my assignment, i would not .... the opportunity to go with the group
A. have been given
B. be given
C. be giving
D. have been giving
86. You had better .... what the doctor recommended this morning
A. done
B. do
C. did
D. be doing

87. .... with him for two years, i cannot guarantee his good behavior.
A. To work
B. Having worked
C. too have worked
D. By working

88. This is the kind of stew ....

A. which its taste I do not like
B. which I do not like the taste of it
C. of which taste I do not like
D. the taste of which I do not like

89. .... is always superior to any other in town

A. There's
B. Theirs
C. Theirs’s
D. There

90. I looked for you all over the campus but I could not .... you
A. find
B. see
C. meet
D. catch

91. The manager was angry with Dauda for ... seeds of discord among the workers
A. planting
B. sewing
C. cultivating
D. sowing

92. The government has provided new .... for the local government polls
A. guard lines
B. guide lines
C. guardlines
D. guidelines

93. Tsado and his wife are always fighting. The .... to be drawn from this is that they are not happy together,
A. reference
B. inference
C. difference
D. deference

94. The teacher invited Akpan and .... to his office

A. myself
B. me
C. I
D. himself

95. One of the rioters who .... arrested yesterday .... released
A. was/had been
B. were/have been
C. was/have been
D. were/has been

96. Although I am watching television. I .... what you are saying.

A. am hearing
B. can hear
C. have heard
D. was hearing

97. Because of the .... he did to my car; I am going to sue him for ....
A. damage/damages
B. damages/damage
C. damages/damages
D. damage/damage

98. He was not a very .... student when I first met him but the years .... his character ultimately
A. mature/mature
B. matured/mature
C. mature/matured
D. matured/matured

99. Our manager has instructed that .... of customers must be barred from our bank
A. those type
B. that type
C. that types
D. this types

100. He regarded the betrayal of his friend as a stab .... the back
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. from

USE OF ENGLISH 1990

Read each passage carefully and answers the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
As a rule, the Emopa are very brave indeed and are among the few Africans who still hunt lion with the spear.
They also kill elephants, not for food but for spear blooding or to prove their manhood. When elephants are
located, there is great excitement and fierce competition among the young men. Each tries to be first to blood
his spear, the one who does so claim the trophy. No young man is looked upon with favor by the girls until he
has won his spurs by killing a dangerous animal.
But as brave as the Emopa are, two fierce man-eaters completely overawed them. This was partly due to the
cunning and boldness of the lions, partly to the fact that when hunted, they would always retreat into dense
riverine and undergrowth, where it was impossible for man to poise and throw a spear. Superstition had also
added its quota to the fear with which they were regarded. It was said that before starting off on a raid the
lions would retire to an open sandy place and there make two rows of depressions in the sand with their
paws. Then, using twings as counters, they would play the ancient game of ‘baw’ (a game of unknown
antiquity, which resembles draughts and is played all over Africa). If the omens were good, they would raid a
village and claim a victim, if not, they would wait. Another story had it that the lions were the spirits of two
‘holy men’ who had now come back in this shape to seek their revenge. So strongly was this view held that the
local Emopa had petitioned a practicing ‘holy man’ to come from a great distance to exorcise the spirits. He
came with book, bell and candle and charged a fee of a hundred goats but the lions continued their
depredations. To add to the legend of the lion’s invulnerability many hunters had tried on previous occasions
to kill them and had failed owing to lack of time. This confirmed the Emopa’s opinion that lions were
supernatural beings and that it was useless to hunt them.

1. The young men of Emopa would hunt for elephants because

A. they are among the few Africans that hunt lions with a spear
B. elephants are dangerous animals
C. no young Emopa attracts a girl's admiration until he has killed a dangerous animal
D. when elephants are sighted, there is great excitement and fierce competition among the young men

2. The legend that the lions were invulnerable was confirmed by the fact that
A. the local Emopa petitioned a holy man to come and exorcise the spirits
B. many famous hunters had tried without success in the past to kill the lions
C. the holy man failed in his bid to exorcise the sprits
D. brave as the Emopa are, the lions completely overawed them

3. The lions played the game of 'bawl' because

A. they wanted to raid a village
B. it was a popular game of unknown antiquity all over Africa
C. they want to decide whether to go on a raid or not
D. if the omens were good, they would raid a village and claim a victim

4. The famous hunters failed to kill the loins because the

A. lions were regarded as supernatural beings
B. lions were cunning and bold
C. Emopa used the spear to hunt for lions
D. hunters did not have enough time

5. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a superstitious reason for fearing the lions?
A. many famous hunters had tried and failed to kill the lions
B. the lions were bold when hunted, they would retreat to where a spear could not be thrown at them
C. the lions were the spirits of two holy men who came back to seek their revenge
D. the lions played the ancient t game of 'bawl' before starting on a raid to determine whether to proceed or
wait

PASSAGE II
By the time a child reached the age of two years, the psychologist says he is ‘self-conscious. This is not the
same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is
aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioral acts as
disobedience and the use of the word ‘no’ with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to
obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperative) are given throughout these two years first
for the child’s own safety e.g. ‘Don’t touch the fire and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of
right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequence of his actions, partly because he has developed a
concept of idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must
be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e., making the choice
which is ‘good’ for himself and others. In other situations, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it.
Immature adults can also behave in this self-centered way.

6. The immature adult is like the child because

A. he has just become self-conscious
B. he has learnt to use the word 'no'
C. he has no concept of time
D. some of his actions are deliberately irrational

7. What main difference is mentioned between the child and the adult?
A. age difference
B. weight difference
C. time difference
D. developmental difference

8. What right has the mother to give orders to the child?

A. she is the 'owner' of the child
B. she is stronger than the child
C. she understands the environment better than the child
D. she is more self-conscious than the child

9. The two-year old child begins to refuse orders

A. in order to annoy his parents
B. because he does not understand them
C. he assert his independence
D. because he has just learnt the new word 'no'

10. What kind of awareness does the child demonstrate at two?

A. that he does not love his mother
B. consciousness of all things around him
C. that he should think of himself alone
D. that he is different and separate from others

PASSGE III
If we examine the opportunities for education of girls or women in less developed countries, we usually find a
dismal picture. In some countries, the ratio of boys to girls in secondary schools is more than seven to one.
What happens to the girls? Often, they are kept at home to look after younger siblings and to perform a
variety of domestic chores. Their education is not perceived as in any way equal in importance to that of boys.
When a non-literate or barely literate girl reaches adolescence, she has little or no qualification for
employment, even if her community provides any opportunity for the employment of women. The solution is
to get her married as soon as possible, with the inevitable result that she produces children too soon, too
often and too late. With no formal education, she is hardly aware that there is any alternative. In a study
made in Thailand, it was noted that the literate woman marries later and ceases childbearing earlier than her
non-literate counterpart. But the latter is so chained to her household by the necessities of gathering fuel,
preparing food and tending children that she is very difficult to reach, even if health services, nutrition,
education, maternal and child health centers are available in her community. She does not understand what
they are intended to do.

11. The phrase 'a dismal picture' means

A. a dull show
B. an interesting show
C. a sad situation
D. a dreadful appearance

12. According to the writer, most girls in less developed countries are not in school because
A. they refuse to be educated
B. they prefer getting married and having children
C. the education of boys is rated higher
D. the girls have no employment

13. The non-literate woman is very difficult to reach because she

A. does not understand the value of education and health services
B. is too far from the city and from school
C. is not permitted to go out to attended clinics for health services
D. can only gather fuel and prepare food

14. The phrase 'too late' in the passage implies that the woman
A. ought to have started producing children earlier
B. goes on producing children when she ought to have stopped
C. fails to marry early enough for her to produce children
D. had all her children at an advanced age

15. The writer emphasizes that in less developed countries,

A. the education of girls is not important
B. the non-literate woman has some advantage because she has more children
C. the literate female is a threat to the male in employment
D. there is a need to give boys and girls equal opportunity in education

PASSAGE IV
The importance of the code theory in education lies in the fact that the school system requires the use of an
elaborated code but not all students have access to it. The importance of this theory to sociology lies in the
fact that the differential access to the elaborated code does not occur randomly but rather is controlled by
the class system. Lower working-class urban children tend to have a restricted code. Middle-class children
possess both a restricted and an elaborated code. The two groups enter into different types of relationship
and learn to express themselves in different ways through language. They do not use language for the same
functions, some of which it seems are necessary for the school situation. When the lower working-class child
is expected implicitly to exploit language for functions, he normally does not express verbally a discontinuity is
created between his home and his school environment. He has learned to verbalize certain range of meanings
in his home and when he enters school, another range of meaning is required. There is then a very subtle but
nonetheless very real, sense in which what is taught is personally irrelevant for this child. The school system
does not talk to him. Middle class children possessing both codes experience no such discontinuity. They can
use languages for these functions required by the school.

16. An appropriate tittle for this passage is

A. language and education
B. education and sociology
C. codes and sociology
D. codes and education

17. The groups of children mentioned as examples in the passage are

A. rural and urban working-class and middle-class
B. urban working-class and rural middle-class
C. urban working-class and rural and urban middle-class
D. urban middle-class and rural and urban working-class

18. 'Restricted code' and 'elaborate code' are

A. synonyms
B. homonyms
C. contradictions
D. antonyms

19. It can be assumed reasonably that language has

A. only one code
B. two codes
C. three codes
D. three codes, two used for education
E. more than three codes but only two used for education

20. 'The school system does not talk to him' means that the
A. teachers do not talk to him
B. teachers talk to him differently from the way other pupils do
C. headmaster and teachers do not talk to him
D. teachers talk to him differently from the way hie is talked to at home

PASSAGE V
This passage sums up the problems peculiar to the book trade make it different from any other trade-the
problem of selection and the problem of sticking. How is the bookseller to tell what, in an enormous output,
will prove sale-able before the full weight of unsold items affects the balance of his business and how is he at
the same time to hold a stock large enough to enable the public to choose freely? He may seek to escape from
this dilemma by becoming the passive sales representative of large publishing houses or distribution networks
but he is then no longer a book seller. He may take refuge in the sale of items to a restricted circle of
customers but he thereby cuts himself of from all that is vital in his trade and dooms himself to mediocrity
and stagnation. On the other hand, he may protect his business from the danger of idle stock by speculating
on the latest publication but this is a dangerous game in that it implies a constantly changing clientele: readers
remain faithful to their own discoveries and failure to follow up a book an author or a type of literature means
dismissing the public responsible for their success.
This brings us back to the fact that books are indefinable. The story is told of a certain country with a great
many generals where it was decided to present a rare and valuable edition of an old book to a general about
to retire. The old soldier looked at the volume and remarked, ‘A book? What’s the point? I’ve already got
one!’

21. Books are different from other goods because

A. customers for the book trade are much restricted
B. books are not manufactured but printed
C. one cannot tell so easily which books will prove saleable
D. books can be kept in stock much longer than other goods

22. The problem of selection in the book trade involves

A. holding a stock large enough for the public to choose from
B. determine which books will sell fast
C. being a sales representative of large publishing houses
D. being able to review the latest publications

23. How many solutions to the bookseller's problems are offered in this passage?
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five

24. Of the solutions proposed for the bookseller's problems, how many are actually positive?
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. none

25. The story of the old soldier and a book in the passage is an illustration of the point that
A. the general had already got a book
B. a book is of interest only to those to whom that book means something
C. soldiers do not like the book trade because a book is enough for a general
D. booksellers face a real dilemma because of a constantly changing clientele

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word Underlined:
26. The policeman was asked to investigate the matter
A. ask about
B. forget about
C. examine
D. inquire about

27. Lola was agitated when the sad news of her mother's accidents was broken to her
A. excited
B. calm
C. uncontrollable
D. unreasonable

28. Though his parents' poverty placed many obstacles in his path as a young man, Olu succeeded at last.
A. hurdles
B. advantages
C. temptations
D. diversions

29. Binta sobbed by the door because she had lost her mother's precious necklace
A. cried
B. smiled
C. wept
D. laughed

30. The president took exception to the ignoble role the young man played in the matter
A. honorable
B. embarrassing
C. dishonorable
D. extraordinary

31. The man who had been seriously ill was convalescing at a sea-side resort
A. regaining health
B. deteriorating in health
C. recuperating
D. relaxing

32. For millions of years, the world’s resources have remained boundless
A. unlimited
B. scarce
C. indomitable
D. limited

33. It seems fashionable, in some quarters today to decry examinations and the ability to pass them
A. extol
B. abuse
C. entreat
D. discourage

34. Ogedebge was an Intrepid fighter for human freedom and dignity
A. timid
B. half-hearted
C. fearless
D. undaunted

35. The difference between the experimental procedure was imperceptible to me

A. negligible
B. significant
C. obvious
D. obscure

In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined:
36. His antipathy to religious ideas makes him unpopular
A. remedy
B. consciousness
C. hostility
D. receptiveness

37. The boss told the man to let sleeping dogs lie
A. not to look for trouble
B. not to disturb other people
C. let the dogs sleep well
D. let the trouble begin

38. The fact that Ruth has inherited her late husband's house is cold comfort to her
A. appropriate comfort
B. inadequate comfort
C. no comfort at all
D. wet comfort

39. The headmaster decided to make good his promise to the students
A. fulfil
B. improve
C. complete
D. realize

40. The advertisement served as a smoke screen for the activities of the company
A. a camouflage
B. a protection
C. an enhancement
D. an exchange
41. My plans are still up in the air
A. being publicized
B. uncertain
C. uncovered
D. unprotected

42. The judge always takes a hardline on such issues

A. complex stand
B. simple stand
C. uncompromising stand
D. difficult stand

43. The case was dismissed for want of evidence

A. for want of facts
B. for lack of opinions
C. for insufficient discussions
D. for lack of proof

44. The term has become indomitable quite recently

A. incorrigible
B. disobedient
C. unconquerable
D. unruly

45. The flock suddenly became restive after midday

A. quiet
B. submissive
C. disorderly
D. fidgety

46. reaction underscores the point I was making

A. reveals
B. proves wrong
C. emphasizes
D. justifies

47. What he received from the visitors was invaluable

A. priceless
B. worthless
C. valueless
D. costly
48. The potential resources of the university should be fully exploited
A. important
B. latent
C. effective
D. abundant

49. Tom's aberrant behavior attracted attention.

A. rascally
B. selfish
C. heady
D. abnormal
50. A number or people impersonating tax-official were arraigned before the Chief Magistrate this morning
A. arranged
B. paraded
C. moved
D. brought

51Ngozi spoke to her father quite candidly on her proposed marriage

A. rudely
B. faithfully
C. frankly
D. respectfully

52. The secretary was advised to put on a cheerful disposition whenever the manager arrives
A. a good dress
B. a smiling face
C. a happy look
D. good make-up

53. The cereal is fortified with multivitamins

A. enriched
B. prepared
C. endowed
D. mixed

54. lawyer told the court some unsavory details about the case
A. unworthy
B. unintelligible
C. unpleasant
D. uninteresting

55. The professor's thesis was the precursor of nuclear studies

A. preliminary
B. climax
C. developer
D. forerunner
In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fill(s) the gap:
56. Why do you worry about such ...? matters?
A. insignificant
B. significant
C. non-significant
D. unsignificant

57. It was difficult to .... a man walking on the moon two centuries
A. contrive
B. perceive
C. conceive
D. imagine

58. This section of the test will .... questions on set passages
A. consist
B. comprise of
C. contain
D. carry

59. Animals in .... behave differently from animals living in the natural habitat
A. prison
B. bondage
C. captivity
D. slavery

60. After months of tedious climbing, the team reached the .... of the mountain
A. end
B. summit
C. height
D. terminal

61. After Jerry had made the bed, he .... on it

A. layed
B. laid
C. lied
D. lay

62. Knowledge of figures of speech as well as idioms and lexical items .... in this section
A. is tested
B. have been tested
C. are tested
D. were tested
63. The buildings damaged by the rainstorm ......schools, hospitals and private houses
A. included
B. include
C. were included
D. was including

64. I would have been off to see Biola at Festac Town by the time you ... tomorrow
A. returned
B. return
C. are returning
D. would return

65. The lecturer said that we .... be able to finish the next chapter this evening
A. must
B. can
C. shall
D. should

66. If you want a successful marriage, you .... pray for it

A. have better
B. better
C. had better
D. would better

67. I could have agreed with your action if I .... not .... you promised to increase the worker's salaries
A. have/heard
B. had/heard
C. were/hearing
D. was/hearing

68The chemistry teacher seized the girl's comic .... during the laboratory work
A. which she had been reading
B. which she has been reading
C. which she had read
D. which she is reading

69. He .... during the whole of last month

A. was sick
B. has been sick
C. had been sick
D. had sicken
70. Ladies and gentlemen, our guest speaker, Dr. Oni .... also, a resident doctor at the teaching hospital.
A. who is
B. which is
C. who was
D. is

71. We are not surprised he was not elected; every one of his constituents .... that he is unreliable
A. know
B. knows
C. will know
D. do know

72. I have the .... of meeting him

A. previlege
B. privilege
C. previledge
D. priviledge

73. The pastor said 'lay .... your hearts to God'

A. bier
B. bear
C. bare
D. bar

74. Now, i am used .... bread without butter.

A. to eat
B. in eating
C. of eating
D. to eating

75. Dan and Tina met on the ship and greeted ....
A. one another
B. themselves
C. each other
D. their selves

76. One can no longer take for granted today what .... enjoyed in the university some years ago, can ...?
A. you/you
B. one/one
C. he/he
D. one/you

77. Attention has shifted to the teaching of science nowadays .... the usefulness of the Arts
A. in spite of
B. not minding
C. oblivious to
D. forgetting

78. .... to help him, being the only person in the vicinity.
A. it was not possible
B. There was no one
C. He had no nobody
D. No person was around

79. I heard that Kayode's car was stolen last night. It .... be true because I saw him .... it, this morning.
A. should not/driving
B. should not/drive
C. cannot/drive
D. cannot/driving

80. The competitor who .... earlier on has started .... again
A. fainted/to run
B. had fainted/to run
C. fainted/running
D. fainted/on running

81. A number of teachers in secondary schools are not so well disposed to .... these days, .... they?
A. teach/aren't
B. teaching/are
C. teach/do
D. teach/are

82. If it had rained, we would have had to postpone the concert. It didn't rain, so ....
A. we won't have to
B. we would have had to
C. we wouldn't have to
D. we didn't have to

83. .... all probability, the train will arrive today

A. In
B. Under
C. For
D. By

84. We cannot explain his objection .... the new law

A. for
B. with
C. at
D. to

85. Silk materials ought to be prohibited .... being brought into the country
A. about
B. in
C. from
D. by

86. The answers to the questions were discussed .... the students
A. between
B. by
C. for
D. to

87. I can always depend .... my father for my survival.

A. on
B. in
C. upon
D. by
88. The point ……. The story is that he is the man’s son
A. in
B. of
C. off
D. around

89. The Director is .... pains to ensure the success of the programme.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. having

90. Bola broke .... when he heard the news of the arrest of his twin brother
A. up
B. of
C. away
D. down

91. Yemi said 'I’m coming' to her friend Biola who was waiting for her instead of saying ....
A. wait for me in a moment
B. I will come
C. I’ll be with you in a moment
D. I’ll come now

92. 'Be that as .... we are determined to get to the root of the matter!' shouted the officer
A. you like
B. it may
C. it would
D. it might

93. When the farmers were found guilty of unlawful assembly and procession, their lawyer .... before the
sentence was passed
A. begged for mercy
B. made a plea for mitigation
C. made an overture
D. made a plea for litigation

94. My price for the pair of shoes is fifty naira. I cannot .... anything less than that
A. bear with
B. settle for
C. agree with
D. tolerate

95. Aishatu: Could you please give this book to Aminu? Chidi: Certainly, I .... him on something, so it won't be
....
A. I’ll be seeing/anything
B. I’ll be seeing/ any worry
C. I’ll be seeing/any bother
D. I can see /any serious

96. The company representative in Nigeria is a ....

A. smart little Japanese
B. little smart Japanese
C. smart Japanese little
D. little Japanese smart

97. The shipping company advertised for .... accountants

A. two young, but highly competent, Nigerian
B. young, but highly competent, two Nigerian
C. two Nigerian, young, but highly competent
D. highly competent, but young, two Nigerian

98. Let's have a cup of coffee, ....

A. shall we?
B. will we?
C. should we?
D. could we?

99. No matter to whom I ...., nobody in the crowd had a clue to what was going on
A. discussed
B. asked
C. turned
D. contacted

100. Olu, Akpan and Ovbiagele's .... make people to believe that they belong to same school of thought
A. philosophy
B. philosophys
C. philosophies
D. philosophy's

USE OF ENGLISH 1991

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
The young are not listening to their elders, and perhaps they never have. But now it happens that, with many
of them, the reason may be medical. The young aren’t listening because they can’t hear. Just as nagging
parents have long suspected, otologists (hearing specialist) now report that youngsters are going deaf as a
result of blasting their eardrums with electronically amplified rock ‘n’ roll.

The hearing specialists used to worry about loud noise as a cause of deafness only in industrial and military
situations. They knew that eight hours of daily exposure, year in and year out, to the din of the proverbial
boiler factory, would eventually result in permanent hearing loss. Riveters were particularly susceptible. Then
they learned that the same thing happened to aviators. After the advent of jets, the hazard applied to the
ground crews at airport and flight-deck personnel aboard aircrafts – hence the introduction of insulated noise
absorbing plastic earmuffs.

In discotheques and rock ‘n’ roll joints, the trouble is not so much in the instrument themselves, or the close
quarters. The blame goes to the electronic amplifiers. An old-fashion military ban, playing a march in Ramat
Park, generated as much sound. But the sound was not amplified and was dissipated in the open air. A
trombonist sitting in front of a tuba player might be a bit deaf for an hour or so after a concert, and then his
hearing returns to normal. A microphone hooked up to a public address system did not appreciably increase
the hearing hazard. What he did was multiple microphones and speakers, and the installation of internal
microphones in such instruments as guitars and bouzoukis.

80
1. The young are not listening to their elders because
A. they never have
B. their parents nag constantly
C. they are permanently deaf
D. they appear to be going deaf

2. 'Just as nagging parents have long suspected' implies that the parents suspected that
A. their children did not listen to them
B. children could not hear properly
C. otologist where always right
D. children were disobedient because they did not listen to their parents

3. What is the result of being subjected to the din of the proverbial boiler factory for a long length of time?
A. A loss of hearing which will never improve
B. Total deafness eight hours a day
C. Temporary deafness
D. Hearing loss which can be corrected by medical treatment

4. 'The same thing happened to aviators'. This excerpt according to the passage, means
A. that riveters were particularly susceptible
B. industrial and military deafness
C. that continued loud noise resulted in deafness
D. that working in a boiler factory affected one's hearing

5. What is the difference between an old - fashioned military band on the one hand and discotheque and rock
'n' roll joints on the other?
A. One is old-fashioned while the other is modern
B. One produces sounds for marching, the other for disco
C. One has drums, the other has guitars
D. One produces amplified sounds, the other does not

PASSAGE II
The preparation which a study of the humanities can provide stems from three observations about education
in our world of accelerating social and technological change. First, with the rate of change, we cannot hope to
train our student for specific technologies. That kind of vocational education is obsolescent. By the time the
specific training will have been completed, the world will have moved on.

If our education consists of narrow training, we will not be prepared to change. Second and paradoxically,
what our student desire from their education is preparation for specific careers – business, engineering,
medicine, computer programming and the like, but we will not be able to train them for a life-long career.
Their confronting the depressed job market gives our students a certain anxiety, but the solution they seek in
vocational training is not sufficient. Third, we sense in our students a narrow materialism, with the good life
defined in terms of material comforts. Education then means learning to do a job which will make money. I
see in this definition a limiting sense of what education and thus life offer, a definition which excludes joy and
meaning. Our narrow approach to the study of the humanities responds to these three related problems. In
our changing, yet narrow world, the teaching of the humanities finds one powerful justification – it teaches
student how to think.

85
6. 'Our world of accelerating social and technological change' means that
A. our world is moving too fast socially and technologically
B. our world is going through more rapid, social and technological change
C. the social and technological change is more exhilarating than before
D. the social and technological change is accelerating our world

7. What is the major weakness of training students for specific technologies?

A. It trains students for only one type of career
B. It helps students to acquire money later when they are employed
C. It makes them anxious for a job in the market
D. It cannot help students to cope with the rapid changes in the world

8. ‘We sense in our student a narrowing materialism’ means that our student concept of education is one that
A. prepares them for money joy and meaning
B. makes them ready to confront the depressed job market
C. only prepares them to acquire material comfort
D. trains them for a lifelong career

9. According to the writer, a study of the humanities

A. is accepted by present day students essential
B. prepares students for specific careers
C. provides missing link in the technological education of our students
D. is the best solution to the problem of unemployment
10. What type of education does the writer advocate for our student?
A. Vocational as well as technological education
B. Business, engineering, medicine and computer programming
C. Technological education plus the humanities
D. Technology education only

Passage III
One fact that we have to complement is that, in our unconscious mind, we cannot distinguish between a
wish and a deed. We are all aware of some of our illogical dreams in which two completely opposite
statements can exist side by side – very acceptable in our dreams but unthinkable and illogical in our waking
state. Just as our unconscious mind cannot differentiate between the wish to kill somebody in anger and the
act of having done so, the young child is unable to make this distinction. The child who angrily wishes his
mother to drop dead for not having gratified his needs will traumatized greatly by the actual death of his
mother – even if this event is not linked closely in the time with his destructive wishes. He will always take
part of or the whole of the blames for the loss of his mother. He will always say to himself - rarely to others - I
did it. I am responsible. I was bad, therefore mummy left me. ‘It is well to remember that the child will react in
the same manner if he loses a parent by divorce, separation or desertion.
Death is often seen by a child as an impermanent thing and has therefore little distinction from a divorce
which he may have an opportunity to see the parent again.

11. This passage emphasizes

A. child growing up in ignorance
B. our unconscious mind
C. a child's inability to distinguish between dream and reality
D. illogical dreams

12. Our unconscious minds and dreams are alike in that

A. both are out of our control
B. both can accommodate contradiction
C. neither functions in a continuous manner
D. both deal with non-real issues

13. The child would feel irresponsible for his mother's death even if it is connected with his wishes because
A. He regards his wishes as a curse
B. He hates her and wants her dead
C. His need are not gratified
D. He cannot distinguish between wish and reality

14. 'Traumatized' as used in the passage means

A. angered
B. made happy and satisfied
C. made sad and dejected
D. made to feel guilty
15. From the child's point of view, in what way is death likened to a divorce?
A. Both are losses
B. Both are temporary
C. Both would involve his mother
D. He feels responsible in each case

PASSAGE IV
Undergraduate students in psychology and education come to their first course in statistics with diverse
expectation of and background in mathematics. Some have considerable formal training and quantitative
aptitude and look forward to learning statistics. Others – perhaps the majority, including some of those who
aspire to postgraduate studies – are less confident in their quantitative skills. They regard a course in statistics
as a necessary evil for the understanding or carrying out of research in their chosen fields, but an evil
nonetheless.

The third edition, like the predecessors, is directed primarily at the latter audience it was written with the
conviction that statistical concepts can be described simply without loss of accuracy and that understanding
statistical techniques as research tools can be effectively promoted by discussing them within the context of
their application to concrete data rather than as pure abstraction. Further, its contents are limited to those
statistical techniques that are widely used in the literature of psychology and to the principle underlying them.

The changes that have been made in this edition reflect both the results of our teaching experience and the
increasing prominence being given by statisticians to certain topics. Thus, our discussion of some procedures,
particularly those in the realm of descriptive statistics, which students grasp easily, have being shortened or
rearranged. The treatment of other topics has been expanded. Greater emphasis has been placed on sampling
theory, hypothesis testing, and the notion at statistical power.

16. The book discussed in this passage is about

A. psychology and education
B. mathematics for undergraduate students
C. quantitative skills for postgraduate students
D. statistical procedure related to research

17. The expression 'necessary evil' means that

A. evil is essential in studying the subject discussed
B. studying the subject is an unpleasant experience which must be endured
C. only those who are evil can understand the subject
D. those lacking in quantitative skills see the subject as an evil

18. From the passage, we learn that the book discussed has been
A. reprinted twice
B. published three times
C. rewritten three times
D. revised twice

19. The changes that were made in the book were motivated by
A. professional experience and popularity of topics
B. teaching experience and statisticians view of some topics
C. the examination results of previous generation of students
D. the need to avoid areas which students grasp easily

20. It can be inferred from the passage that the book was written by
A. an educational psychologist
B. more than one author
C. a prominent statistician
D. a professor of statistics

PASSAGE V
All too often, there is deference between what we say and what we think we have said, and between how we
feel we have handled people and how they think they have been treated. When such ‘gaps’ occur between
the intent and the action, it is often stated that there has been ‘a break- down in communication’. Sometimes
the break – down is allowed to become so serious that the gap becomes a chasm, relatives in family ceasing to
speak to one another, managements and trade unions refusing to meet, government recalling ambassadors
when relations between states reach a low ebb.

In fact, sometimes when people communicate, either as individual or within groups, problems inevitably
occur; instruction maybe impossible to carry out, offence is taken at a particular remark, a directive is
ambiguously phrased or people’s attitudes are colored by jealousy, resentment or frustration.

During the past fifty years, industrial, commercial and public service organization have grown prodigiously to
meet the needs of advanced technological societies. Sometimes as many as 10,000 people work on one site,
or one company employs more than 50,000 people. Clearly, good communications are essential to the
efficient operation of any organization, and vital to the fulfillment of all those who commit their working lives
to it.

For this reason, management specialist and behavioral scientist have devoted much thought and energy over
recent years to analyzing the problems caused by bad communication practices, and creating good
communication climate and systems.

As a result of the current structure of societies and economies, most of us spend our working lives in an
organization that we become good communicators with social skills.
21. Which of the following titles best sums up the passage?
A. The need for effective communication
B. Breakdown in communication
C. communication in technological societies
D. Bad communication practices

22. According to the passage, which of the following are NOT likely to contribute to a breakdown in
communication?
A. people's attitude and feeling
B. Ambiguously phrased instruction
C. Managements and trade unions
D. Management specialists and behavioral, scientists

23. From the text, it can be inferred that a good communicator needs to
A. Create favorable communication conditions
B. Get the technological systems to work efficiently
C. Call a spade a spade
D. Be able to address 10,000 workers

24. 'Chasm' as used in the passage means

A. Serious eruption
B. Disaster
C. Wide difference
D. Disagreement

25. The most essential tool of communication not specifically mentioned in this passage is
A. Specificalities
B. Environment
C. Writing
D. Language

In the question below choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined:
26. I am happy to inform you that your boys are conscientious
A. industrious
B. carefree
C. careful
D. corrupt

27. My father is a very prosperous businessman

A. ungrateful
B. unscrupulous
C. unskillful
D. unsuccessful
28. The hostess greeted her guests in a very relaxed manner
A. energetic
B. athletic
C. stiff
D. perplexed
29. Ayo takes his studies rather lightly
A. humorously
B. tediously
C. carefully
D. seriously

30. The doctor was very gentle with his patients in the examining room
A. harsh
B. rude
C. rough
D. unkind

31. There is no love lost between Hassan and Hassana

A. dislike each other
B. are head over heals in love
C. will love each other
D. are still good friends

32. Whether the villages head should identify himself with the activities of religious demonstrations has
remained a burning question
A. a subject of discord
B. a perennial issue
C. a matter of serious controversy
D. a sensitive matter

33. I would rather not attend the party

A. detest attending
B. do not have the enthusiasm to attend
C. must not attend
D. have a choice to attend or not to

34. If Garba had listen to advice, he would not have had to be rushed to the hospital
A. deliberately desired to be rushed
B. was in a position to have prevented the need to be rushed
C. was rushed against his wish
D. was given a cheque, but preferred to go

35. Aduke: Ngozi, let's visit the market. Ngozi: if you insist, Ngozi
A. is very willing to accompany Aduke
B. must accompany Aduke
C. is not keen on going with Aduke
D. is pretending not to be interested in going with Aduke

36. The new leader hands out an olive branch

A. sues for peace
B. gives out branches of the olive tree
C. challenges his opponents to a fight
D. blesses his congregation

37. When you go to foreign country to study, you will discover that life is not a bed of roses
A. as pleasant as one thought
B. a bed with roses
C. an unmitigated disappointment
D. as expected

38. Because our representative is immature and biased, he takes a jaundiced view of our problem
A. hazy
B. unclear
C. prejudiced
D. bleak

39. The president has sent his regrets. He is unable to attend the meeting
A. explanations
B. anxieties
C. unhappiness
D. apologies

40. The woman acted courageously when she was attacked by thieves
A. shyly
B. fearlessly
C. timidity
D. carelessly

41. We all have both good and bad characteristics. Either is, however, easily manifested in times of crisis
A. demanded
B. highlighted
C. submerged
D. determined

In the question below choose the word(s) or phrase(s) which best fills(s) the gap(s):
42. The sea wave continues to .... the cliff on the west coast constantly
A. impair
B. rub
C. knock
D. erode

43. The college bus was travelling at high .... when the accidents occurred
A. velocity
B. acceleration
C. rapidity
D. speed

44. Note that only senior members of staff have the .... of using the toilet upstairs
A. permission
B. occasion
C. privilege
D. habit

45. The chief priest will .... the men into the cult today
A. indoctrinate
B. usher
C. convert
D. initiate

46. Jimoh is noted for his .... attitude to his seniors at school
A. receptive
B. respectful
C. respective
D. respectable

47. The girl that my brother introduced to us last week is pretty .... ill-mannered
A. and
B. but also
C. as well as
D. respectable

48. The police report was .... to that of the eye witness
A. contrary
B. inconsistent
C. different
D. congruent

49. The African extended family system gives security to ...... members
A. his
B. her
C. its
D. their

50. I know i .... read more, but I am tired

A. may
B. ought to
C. would
D. could

51. Insects can become ...... to insecticides

A. immunized
B. resistant
C. reticent
D. immobilized

52. The council chairman ...... the tension between the villagers and the tax collectors
A. dispersed
B. defused
C. difused
D. disputed

53. If had been told of the matter earlier, I .... there so late
A. would not go
B. should not go
C. will not have gone
D. would not have gone

54. Each of the candidates that came late ...... to complete ....
A. have/this form
B. are having/these forms
C. have/these forms
D. has/this form

55. I wanted to avail myself .... the opportunity of listening to the lecture, but the lecturer failed to turn up
A. with
B. for
C. of
D. at

56. I would have been surprised if you .... the orange

A. plucked
B. have plucked
C. had plucked
D. did pluck
57. On getting to the seashore, ......
A. it was empty
B. nobody was there
C. people had deserted the place
D. he found nobody there

58. Little did Tunde realize that his frequent unwarranted reports about me were working .... my advantages
A. in
B. to
C. for
D. against

59. The Board has been having .... series of meeting lately
A. some
B. a
C. a lot of
D. many

60. ...... I know, nobody has seen any leopards in this area
A. so far as
B. in as much as
C. provided
D. even as

61. .... him in the crowd, I would have told you at once
A. if I will see
B. if I saw
C. had I seen
D. should I see

62. Inyang has always been shy to speak ....

A. in public
B. publicly
C. in the public
D. with the public

63. .... his uncle helped him or not, he would still not be able to do it
A. although
B. if
C. whether
D. since

64. I have only three tubers of yam .... in the store, I cannot afford to give you any more
A. still
B. outstanding
C. left
D. remainder

65. Before the bill could be settled, Chuwang .... all the money
A. has spent
B. will have spent
C. had spent
D. will have spent

66. Either the chief of the village or the leader of the farmers .... to be held responsible for the revolt
A. were
B. are
C. is
D. have

67. We must observe that most of the support by other states .... only marginal returns
A. have yielded
B. yield
C. has yielded
D. have yield

68. She asked me whether I .... the letter for her

A. minded to post
B. mind to post
C. minded posting
D. minded to posting

69. The effort made by the principal to get the students to be serious in their studies ......
A. are appreciated
B. will appreciate
C. is to appreciate
D. is appreciated

70. How I wish I .... my mother's advice

A. had heeded
B. have heeded
C. heed
D. will heed

71. Only observers from the Ministry of Works .... allowed into the conference room
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has been

72. A panel set up to probe the organization's activities .... yet to sit
A. are
B. is
C. will
D. would

73. The school will .... for Easter in another six weeks
A. break off
B. break away
C. break out
D. break up

74. His power supply was .... from the mains because he did not pay his electricity bill
A. blown out
B. cut off
C. put off
D. put out

75. When you've finished using the telephone, please hang ....
A. down
B. up
C. off
D. on

76. I do not intend to stay long at the function. I only want to ....
A. put in an appearance
B. put up an appearance
C. show up appearance
D. keep up appearance

77. The man rose to an important position as a result of ________ hard work
A. sheer
B. cheer
C. share
D. shear

78. Ebun Ojo .... international fame as an actress

A. aquired
B. acquired
C. acquared
D. aqcuried
79. The story on the lost jewel was quite ......
A. unbelievable
B. unbelieveable
C. unbeliveable
D. unbelivable

80. The patient is suffering from ......

A. reumatism
B. rheumantism
C. rhuematism
D. rheumatism

81. The attitude of my students to .... baffles me

A. pronunciation
B. pronounciation
C. pronouceation
D. pronounceation

82. When we got to the president's house, we were told that he .... two days earlier
A. may have left
B. left
C. had left
D. has left

83. Atuk, without giving any hint as to what he intended to do, went and ... himself
A. hung
B. hang
C. hanged
D. hunged

84. Provided you .... to the market very soon, we shall be able to eat enough
A. shall go
B. would go
C. went
D. go

85. He .... by now, I can hear all the people shouting

A. would have arrived
B. must have arrived
C. has arrived
D. should have arrived

86. By the time the plane reaches Harare, it .... in the air for twelve hours
A. has been
B. would be
C. would have been
D. should be

87. If only Adoyi .... what was good for him he could easily have avoided the tragedy
A. has known
B. have known
C. knew
D. had known

88. We saw Ifueko .... an egg on the wall

A. smashed
B. smash
C. smashing
D. smashes

89. Many streets in the town .... in need of lights at night

A. stand
B. stood
C. have stood
D. are standing

90. I did not enjoy the party. If you had invited Tariere, it ...... better organized
A. had been
B. would have been
C. would be
D. could be

91. sibi .... novels since she came home

A. is reading
B. had been reading
C. has read
D. has been reading

92. Asabe is overdue for retirement as she .... in this college since 1954
A. is teaching
B. has been teaching
C. taught
D. was teaching

93. The boy who stole the mango was given .... by an eye witness
A. out
B. in
C. away
D. up

94. After listening to the statement from two students, the headmaster realized that it was a trivial argument
that .... a serious quarrel between them
A. touched in
B. drew up
C. touched off
D. brought up

95. Mr. and Mrs. Akoka were sad and disappointed .... the performance of their son
A. about
B. for
C. at
D. over

96. when the transformer blew up, Saka threw himself down .... his stomach
A. at
B. over
C. to
D. on

97. I ran .... an old friend of mine on Broad Street and brought him home
A. into
B. to
C. over
D. across

98. The spokesman confirmed that government would not give .... to the demands of trade union leaders
A. up
B. into
C. onto
D. in

99Many students have joined the .... movement

A. revivalists
B. revival
C. revivalist
D. revivalist's

100. If they had not all jumped out of the car just in time, they ....
A. might have been perished
B. will have perished
C. were all going to perish
D. would have perished

USE OF ENGLISH 1992

Read each passage carefully and answer each question that follows
PASSAGE I

Our planet is at risk. Our environment is under threat. The air we breathe, the water we drink, the seas
plants which surround us are in danger. New terms we fish in, the soils we farm, the forests, animals and
and words describe these problems - acid rain, the greenhouse effect, global warming, holes in the ozone
layer, desertification and industrial pollution. We are changing our environment. More and more gases and
wastes escape from our factories. Rubbish, on spillages and detergents damage our rivers and seas. Forests
give us timber and paper, but their loss results in soil erosion and also endangers wildlife the richer countries
of the world are mainly responsible for industrial pollution. This is where most of all the commercial energy is
produced. In developing countries, poverty causes people to change their environment - to overgraze
grasslands, to cut down trees for new land and firewood, to farm poor soil for food. The United Nations
Environment Protection Agency says that an area of forest the size of Sierra Leone disappears every year.
Trees are cut down for timber which is used for building, furniture, paper and fuel. They are also destroyed to
provide land on which to graze animals and build new villages and towns. But trees have many other
important uses. Trees protect the land from heavy downpour of rain and their roots help to hold the soil
together. Forests are also the home of many living things. The amazon forest contains one fifth of all the
species of birds in the world. In our forest, there may be plants and animals which could help in the discovery
of new medicines of crops. To rescue and conserve our beautiful world, we must act cooperatively.
Individuals, communities, nations and international associations, all have a responsibility. By learning to
protect the natural environment, we can manage the earth's resources for generations to come.

1. The risk referred to in the passage is

A. environmentally induced
B. industrially produced
C. man made
D. Sociologically produced

2. From the passage, it can be deduced that the inhabitants of developing countries
A. take more care of their environment than those in developed countries
B. generate more harmful industrial by products
C. degrade the environment to eke out a livelihood
D. cut down trees only for farmlands and fuel

3. According to the passage, the size of forest depleted annually is

A. minimal
B. colossal
C. infinitesimal
D. infinite

4. The writer holds the richer countries responsible for industrial pollution because of their
A. technological innovations
B. energy requirements
C. industrial revolution
D. lack of interest in environment protection.

5. The message of the writer is the

A. need for the developed countries to assist the poorer ones
B. grave dangers of global warming
C. urgent need to protect the natural environment
D. need to research into other uses of the trees in our forest

PASSAGE II
IF economists were a bit more modest, they would admit that no one knows exactly how many Nigerians
there are. The National population Bureau estimated that there would be 116 million in 1986, but this figure
was derived from projections based on the much-disputed figures of the 1963 census, using an annual
population growth rate that was at best a guess work. Notwithstanding that the margin of error could be as
large as a plus 20 million; economists have still felt confident to speak of Nigeria’s per capita income, birth and
mortality rates literacy rate and so on, as if they were quoting precise figures.

So much Nigerians is determined on the basis of the population that the lack of accurate figures has a
significantly adverse effect on policies. One obviously affected area is development planning, which for the
lack of reliable data, frequently looks like an exercise in futility. An example of what happens is the country’s
Universal Primary Education (UPE) scheme launched in 1976. Policy makers had expected, on the basis of the
1975/76 primary school enrolment of just fewer than 5 million, that they would not have to cope with much
more than 6 million school children in the first year. But the enrolment in 1976/77 turned out to be 8.4 million
rising to 10.1 million the following year. The unanticipated cost of catering for the large number was the main
cause of the collapse of that worth scheme after only four years.

Population also plays an important role in revenue allocation, specifically in the sharing of the states’ portion
of the Federation Account, some percentage of which is based on population or population-related factors.
Because of the contentious nature of the subject, the compromise has been to estimate based on the 1963
census figures, even when such a move produces ridiculous situations. It is for all these reasons that the
Babangida Administration’s effort to ascertain the nation’s population is such a worthwhile venture.
6. It would be more realistic of economist to
A. Accept the unreliability of Nigeria’s census figures
B. Ascertain how many Nigerians there are
C. Discard the disputed 1963 census figures
D. Accept marginal errors in the census figures

7. Precise national population figures are required in order to

A. Know the number of people to cater for in the Universal Primary Education programme
B. Be able to undertake proper implementation of governmental policies
C. Avert unanticipated expenditure
D. Be able to speak of population statistics with confidence

8. ‘The contentious nature of the subject’ refers to the

A. The population
B. The disputed 1963 census figures
C. Development planning
D. Revenue allocation

9. The reference to ‘Universal Primary Education’ in this passage is significant because it shows
A. Why the census figures were disputed
B. The failure and collapse of the programme
C. The misleading effect of unreliable information
D. How a worthy scheme could be made worthless by poor planning strategies

10. As far as the solution to the population problem of Nigerian is concerned, the writer of this passage is
A. Optimistic
B. Pessimistic
C. Indifferent
D. Disturbed

PASSAGE III
Lets begin with a picture.

He must not have been more than thirty years old. The oval face, devoid of those wrinkles of age, the well-
turfed and black hair, and his still complete though brown set of teeth supported this assessment. All he had
for clothing was a piece of cloth with some words written on it. It must have been one of those cloth-posters
used but now abandon by ‘show-biz’ promoters. Across his neck was yet another cloth which bore our
national colors of green and white. His feet were naked – just as they came from their creator. In one hand he
had an empty tin. He talked ceaselessly and in a disordered fashion. The other free hand emphasized his
spoken words and gesture. As he talked, he gazed at you as if you were responsible for his pathetic condition.
He looked redeemable, though. There are many of his type in various urban centers.

Beggars! They are in every conceivable place. At the bank, the supermarket, the church, the mosque, the
post office – there you will meet them. Before you know it, the more healthy ones besiege you for alms
almost to the point of assault. Surely, there is no rationale in giving alms to someone who is physically
stronger than you are and who, from all indication, can and should work and fend for himself. Some others
are feeble and unfortunately handicapped. Women and young girls constitute a sizeable number of these
healthy beggars. Some are nursing mothers and one wonders who their husbands are. Conception by Mr.
Nobody, perhaps. The young girls in this category are the mother-beggars of tomorrow. But tell me; can’t the
society be spared the human waste?
79
11. The writer is describing a
A. Picture
B. Man
C. Picture of man
D. Manand a picture

12. ...... this assessment’ refers to the man’s

A. Face
B. Hair
C. Age
D. Naked

13. ‘beggars’ in the context of the first line of the third paragraph is a
A. phrase
B. sentence
C. noun
D. modifier

14. The human waste referred by the writer is brought about by

A. Over feeding
B. The irresponsible men who put female beggars in the family way
C. The mother beggars of tomorrow
D. The society

15. An appropriate title for the passage is

A. A picture, the young man and the female beggars
B. Mad men and mendicants
C. The problem of mad people in the society
D. Young men and female beggars

Use the passage below to answer questions 16 - 25.

The passage has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the appropriate option for each gap.

In addition to further reading as a vital arm of

referencing the use of the dictionary in language
learning should be emphasized. It cannot be denied
that dictionaries do supply facts about a language
which may be difficult to find anywhere else ......16......
(A information B. Words C. Details D.
Knowledge) about grammar, usage, status, derivation
and so, on necessary for comprehension are contained
in the dictionary. While context, word analysis and
synonym search contribute immensely to the .......17......
A forming, B. getting C. knowing D.
creation) of meaning, an efficient use of the dictionary
to enrich the experiential conceptual background to
create a meaning context cannot be denied. The
.... 18.... [A.
possession B. fact C. use D.
employment) of both the specialist and general
dictionaries should be encouraged as the case may
be. Not that students should jeopardize reading fluency
by ...... 19.... [A. considering B. pondering C.
meditating D. looking up) every word that they do
not understand, rather in their bid to read chunks or
groups of words in a text, lexical items that ......20.... [A.
may B. will c. can D. shall] obstruct meaning may
be quickly checked up in the dictionary. Glossing over
a word or lexical guessing through context may not be
sufficient ......21......(A. Practice B. Exercises
C. Notes D. Passages) to encourage the use of the
dictionary as an aid to reading and a tool for checking
words used in writing must be built ......22...... [A. on to
B. in c. into D. unto) the reading text. This skill
can be easily transferred to the student's context areas
'as well
A barrage of criticism, like; students' excessive
reliance on the dictionary instead of contextual ....23......
D.
(A. reading B. meaning C. decoding
guessing), reduction in the speed of reading, time
wastage and so on abound against students' use of
the dictionary when reading. It may however be argued
that ......24 .... (A. asking B. teaching C. making
D. allowing) students to guess the meaning of words
from context and then compare this with the dictionary
entry for such words is a discovery ......25....
(A. procedure B. method C. means D. strategy]
for enlarging the conceptual environment and vision
of students on the various interpretations that may be
given to a word.

In each of questions 26 to 36, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word in italics.

26. Ojo's response infuriated his wife

A. annoyed
B. pleased
C. surprised
D. confused

27. He accepted a mundane task without hesitation

A. great
B. lowly
C. menial
D. moderate

28. It is a unique opportunity for her to demonstrate the reality of her faith
A. strange
B. usual
C. golden
D. unusual

29. Her identification with the king is publicly known

A. hatred
B. disassociation
C. relationship
D. intimacy

30. The economic situation in the country is obviously gloomy

A. encouraging
B. moody
C. unknown
D. regrettable

31. One wonders if the situation will improve

A. brighten
B. diminish
C. disintegrate
D. worsen

32. Language teachers believe that grammar exercise stretch the mind
A. expand
B. ruin
C. enrich
D. restrict

33. These two books are identical

A. alike
B. similar
C. different
D. equal

34. The doctor tried to alleviate his patient’s pain

A. relieve
B. worsen
C. kill
D. cure

35. The instructions on the examination paper are explicit

A. simple
B. ambiguous
C. detailed
D. definite

36. Okoro is an amateur wrestler

A. skillful
B. good
C. professional
D. strong
In the question below choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase(s) underlined:

37. If your life is in turmoil, always take courage

A. devastation
B. crisis
C. trial
D. tragedy

38. Do you know one of the most astounding events of my life?

A. special
B. amazing
C. serious
D. outstanding

39. Adeniji is suffering from the consequences of alienation

A. confinement
B. isolation
C. enclosure
D. imprisonment

40. The terms of the contract stuck in my throat

A. were beyond me
B. were not clear
C. were ambiguous
D. became obsolete

41. He was asked to give copious, examples to appear convincing

A. concrete
B. rigid
C. cogent
D. many

42. Some children mimic their teachers

A. imitate
B. mime
C. ridicule
D. tease

43. He works long hour collecting trash to make out a livelihood

A. try a living
B. struggle for a living
C. make a living
D. carve out a living

44. Everybody complained of a lean harvest last year

A. surplus
B. abundant
C. poor
D. thin

45. He is very modest in his demands

A. honest
B. bogus
C. extravagant
D. humble

46. The patient disregarded the advice of the doctor

A. ignored
B. disobeyed
C. questioned
D. respected

47. The newly elected leader has pledge to ensure better life for the citizens
A. vowed
B. agreed
C. undertaken
D. undertaking

48. Statesmen are revered for their objectivity

A. referred
B. respected
C. remembered
D. rejected

49. He has been advised to keep his head, the confusion not withstanding
A. avoid been beaten or insulted
B. keep calm
C. save his head
D. prevent himself

50. The police ran the criminal to earth

A. jailed him
B. knocked him down
C. discovered him
D. buried him

51. Garba always puts his shoulder to the wheel

A. sits with his shoulder straight when driving
B. works energetically at the task in hand
C. performs tasks assigned him grudgingly
D. holds the steering wheel firmly when he is driving
52. He reneged on the agreement between him and his employees
A. kept
B. failed to keep
C. failed to approve
D. failed to sign

53. He is credulous
A. credible
B. creditable
C. gullible
D. fallible

54. The company has gone under

A. suffered some loss
B. broken up
C. become broke
D. become bankrupt

In question below fill the gap with the appropriate option:

55. Many people believe that nuclear power will solve our energy problems ...., this has not been proved to be
true
A. Indeed
B. But
C. However
D. On the contrary

56. ...., sign post words are used to readers

A. Conclusively
B. To conclude
C. In conclusion
D. The conclusion

57. Every programming language and software package .... limitations

A. have its
B. have their
C. has its
D. has their

58. A programme of good exercise may help a person fight .... cold
A. out
B. at
C. with
D. off
59. Baba and .... participated in the tournament
A. him
B. his
C. he
D. he's

60. It was .... who fought the civil war?

A. they
B. them
C. those
D. theirs

61. The physicians have more people in ...... waiting rooms than ....
A. his/he
B. there/they
C. their/they
D. them/they

62. Before mechanization, workers ... water out of Fabrice with their hands
A. wring
B. wrung
C. wrang
D. wringed

63. Four engineers .... on this system since March

A. worked
B. are working
C. had worked
D. have been working

64. Having worked all night, the security man .... a sense of accomplishment
A. had felt
B. felt
C. is feeling
D. has felt

65. Three quarters of the Physics class .... dramatically

A. improve
B. improves
C. are improving
D. is improving

66. A number of students .... missed the opportunity to re-register

A. is
B. has
C. have
D. do

67. It seems to be a well thought .... scheme

A. over
B. out
C. off
D. into

68. Adekunle is prepared for a .... with his opponent following his defeat last season
A. show-off
B. show-down
C. show-out
D. show up

69. Tosin refused to be .... though he has written the same examination three times
A. sad
B. placated
C. frustrated
D. indifferent

70. On his ... of office, the new presidents announced some drastic measures
A. assumption
B. ascension
C. acceptance
D. appointment

71. The .... was filled .... the Ilorin Magistrate Court
A. suit/in
B. case/in
C. suit/at
D. case/at

72. The plaintiff .... the court to restrain the defendants from further action
A. asked
B. begged
C. demanded of
D. prayed

73. My experience in Lagos last week was .... about

A. something to excite
B. nothing to explain at home
C. nothing to write home
D. something to celebrate

74. .... him around, I would have informed you

A. Had I seen
B. Have I seen
C. Should I see
D. If I saw

75. Ahmed is one of the boys who always .... good work
A. does
B. would do
C. do
D. done

76. I sent .... news to the press yesterday

A. a parcel of
B. a flash of
C. an item of
D. a number of

77. The university has a large collection of sporting ....

A. equipment
B. equipments
C. constumes
D. aids

78. He keeps his .... clean always

A. surroundings
B. surrounding
C. premise
D. environments

79. She has a set of gold ....

A. earing
B. earings
C. earring
D. ear-ring
80. I have stopped writing letters application because I .... that all the vacancies are filled
A. have heard
B. had heard
C. heard
D. hear
81. A survey of opinions on how pupils feels about their teachers .... carried out
A. has been
B. have been
C. are being
D. is been

82. The police are looking for ....

A. two big cars black
B. two cars big black
C. two big black cars
D. two black big cars

83. Adaobi is contemptuous .... dishonest people

A. to
B. at
C. for
D. of

84. My goats are grazing ...... the field

A. on
B. in
C. at
D. into
85. It .... easier if he told us himself
A. would be
B. would have been
C. would had been
D. will be

86. Our principal and chairman of the occasion ... just arrived
A. has
B. having
C. have
D. had

87. From 7 a.m. to 9 a.m., he .... hot chocolate, often not having time for his own breakfast
A. is kept busy serving
B. keeps busy to serve
C. is busied serving
D. kept busy to serve

88. One of the ... selective marking of errors

A. school of thought suggested
B. schools of thought suggest
C. school of thoughts suggested
D. schools of thought suggests

89. You avoid facing .... the reality of life

A. at
B. up
C. up to
D. on to

90. In .... we, as politicians, are identified with the masses

A. a more deeper sense
B. a much deeper sense
C. a most deeper sense
D. much more deeper sense

91. In addition, their comments are vague and abstract, .... difficult to interpret
A. which students find them
B. but students find it
C. so students find them
D. but students find them

92. we are .... to receive your letter and to know that you are ....
A. happy/ in good health
B. grateful/sound
C. pleased / all well
D. appreciative/swimming in good health

93. People who live by .... what loneliness is like

A. each other know
B. one another know
C. oneself knows
D. themselves know

94. It has been confirmed that the election .... held in July
A. will be
B. is being
C. has been
D. have being

95. The choice to go to the university or not is ....

A. yours'
B. your
C. yours
D. your's

In the question below select the option (A-D) that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence:
96. People may not pick flower in this park
A. people can pick flowers in this park
B. people may not wish to pick flowers in this park
C. people are prohibited from picking flowers from this park
D. people cannot pick flowers from this park

97. Tom ought not to have told me

A. Tom did not tell me but he should
B. Perhaps Tom was wrong to have told me
C. Tom told me but it was wrong of him
D. It was necessary for Tom not to tell me

98. He can't be swimming all day

A. it's possible he is not swimming now
B. It's very likely he is swimming now
C. He does not have the ability to swim all day
D. He would not like to swim all day

99. Bolade would make a mess of cooking the rice

A. it was typical of Bolade to make a mess of things
B. Bolade cannot cook
C. Bolade will not cook rice the rice well
D. Bolade does not like cooking rice

100. If i were the captain, I would have led the team to victory
A. I was not the captain but I led the team to victory
B. I was the captain but I did not lead the team to victory
C. I was not the captain and I did not lead the team to victory
D. I was the captain and I led the team to victory
JAMB ENGLISH 1993

PASSAGE I
The disease afflicting Western societies have undergone dramatic changes. In the course of a century, so
many mass killers have vanished that two-third of all deaths are now associated with the disease of old age.
Those who die young are more often than not, the victims of accidents, violence and suicide.

These changes in public health are generally equated with progress and attributed to more or better medical
care. In fact, there is no evidence of any direct relationship between changing disease pattern and the so-
called progress of medicine.

The impotence of medical services to change life expectancy and the insignificance of much contemporary
clinical care in the curing of diseases are all obvious, well documented but well suppressed.

Neither the proportion of doctors in a population nor the quality of the clinical tools at the disposal not the
number of hospital beds is a casual factor in the striking changes in disease patterns. The new techniques
available to recognize and treat such conditions as pernicious anemia and hypertension, or correct congenital
malformations by surgical interventions, increase our understanding of disease but do not reduce its
incidence. The fact that there are more doctors where certain diseases have become rare has little to do with
their ability to control or eliminate them. It simply means that doctors, more than other professionals,
determine where they work. Consequently, they tend to gather where the climate is healthy, where the water
is clean and where people work and can pay for their services.

1. The statement, ‘The diseases afflicting Western societies have undergone dramatic change, implies that
A. Change have taken place in the mode of diseases affliction
B. Medical services have been important in changing life expectancy
C. A lot of significant progress has taken place in public health
D. Death from diseases in western societies are minimal

2. The writer is of the view that the diseases which prevail in the contemporary Western societies
A. Result from modern life styles
B. Are concentrated among the elderly
C. Kill many people at once
D. Are resistant to drug

3. The author thinks that the presence of a large number of doctors in a community
A. Does not have much effect on the control of diseases
B. Disguise the true fact about the diseases
C. Controls the spread of diseases
D. Improves the overall quality of life in the community

4. Many doctors, according to the passage, choose to live where

A. Research facilities are available
B. They are most needed
C. They can be near colleagues
D. Conditions are more in their favour

5. The author’s attitude to developments in medicine is

A. Matter-of-fact
B. Cautious
C. Indifferent
D. cynical

PASSAGE II
ADUKE: Listen my fellow women. The issue has little to do with being literate or not. It is true that most
members of NAM (New Awareness Movement) are literate, but this does not make all of us enlightened. We
must be able to draw a line between the two. You may be literate and yet possess a consciousness that is
decadent and servile. On the other hand, you may not have received formal education and yet may be the
greatest exponent of progressive ideas.

HASANA: I agree with what our sister has said. Let us not allow ourselves to be divided by a greedy and an
inflated notion of the certificates we possess. In this century, as we march towards the year 2000, our primary
concern should be how best to improve the lot of womanhood in our society. Let us not forget that for each
woman who is beaten up by her man for flimsy reasons are status of all of us here is downgraded. For each
woman who is insulted for no reason than that of her sex, every one of us here is spat on in the face. For each
woman who is denied opportunities in the society simply because she is a woman, the whole lot of us are
dehumanized. Each widow in this society is an everywoman, and the lot of each of us should be viewed as
collective. Each rotten egg that is thrown at anyone of us is an eternal splash of dirt on our faces. Each
decayed tomato that is cast at her is a collective curse on our fecundity: each pebble thrown at her, a missile
against our womanhood. This is an age of awareness, and it is the duty of NAM to collectively rise in defense
of the right of women.

IME: We can no longer allow ourselves to be fried alive. We are going to squeeze ourselves into tight-fitting
trousers, register into judo classes, and then file out into the street and punch the face of every man we
behold.
6. In distinguishing between literacy and enlightenment, Aduke implies that
A. It is useless to be literate
B. Enlightenment is inborn
C. Progress can take place without literacy
D. Both literacy and enlightenment are symbolic

7. Hasana believes that NAM should not be divided by

A. The worthless certificates which women possess
B. Inflation and greed
C. A misunderstanding of the worth of their certificates
D. A selfish and over-raced belief in their certificates

8. ‘Each widow in this society is Every woman’ means that

A. Every woman in the society is potentially a widow
B. Every widow in the society is a woman
C. The suffering of every widow represents the burden of all women
D. Widowhood implies the isolation of the woman in the society

9. The speech of Hasana implies that

A. It is the practice to throw rotten eggs at women
B. It is the practice to cast decayed tomatoes at women
C. To throw rotten egg and decayed tomatoes at women is to reduce their fecundity
D. To throw rotten eggs and decayed tomatoes at women is dehumanizing

10. From the speech by Ime, it is clear that the women

A. Intend to do real battle with the menfolk on defence of their rights
B. Will no longer perform their traditional duties
C. Are henceforth prepared to adopt a policy of confrontation with men
D. Can do anything that man can do and sometimes even better

PASSAGE III
When I set out for London, little did I suspect that I was not on a journey to God’s own city where harmony
reigned supreme. So, used to the frenzied life of Lagos was I that I had come to associate that city with
everything that was chaotic, and there was no doubt in my mind that Lagos was one giant symbol of our
backwardness. As the plane taxied its way out of the tarmac of our national airport, of our national airport, I
heaved a sigh of relief, not so much because I was leaving my own country as that I was being relieved of the
tension that had possessed me during those tense hours in the untidy lounge. I had felt so uneasy, my
thoughts racing from one uncertainty to another. But at least I was air-borne, moving away from the whole
uncertainty, from the whole load of fear towards a place which I supposed would be El Dorado.

Everything that happened in the plane passed through my eyes like pictures on the screen. The white air
hostess who instructed me on how to use the safety belt was an angel, what with her beauty, her pretty blue
dress, and her ever-smiling face. The same lady of the air served me snacks and supper. Another angel, whose
queenly voice through an invisible public address system, dished out occasional information on the progress
of our journey. I had never felt so relaxed, and my jolted heartbeats each time the plane took what appeared
like a sudden brief descent, did not matter. When eventually we were set for landing, the anxiety that came
over me was almost thrilling. What was the wonderland going to be like? So overwhelmed was I that I almost
lost consciousness of what happened thereafter.

But I would never forget the shock that greeted me when we arrived in the tube station and boarded a train
to behold the sea of white faces and furtive glances from apparently indifferent co-passengers. I believe that
the nostalgic feeling for Lagos which later became part of my life all my days in London began at a point.

11. Before the writer left Lagos, he believed London was

A. Very neat place
B. A very peaceful place
C. Situated in paradise
D. Noiseless

12. Before the plane left Lagos, the writer must have
A. Had a second thought before leaving his country
B. Been very hungry in the lounge
C. Been frightened of all the people in the lounge
D. Detested the fifth surrounding the lounge

13. When the plane took off the writer felt happy because
A. He was thrilled to be in a plane
B. He believed that he was travelling to a problem –free country
C. He no longer felt uneasy
D. For the first time, he will be in El Dorado

14. The writer, attitude to the air hostesses can be described as

A. Lustful
B. Worshipful
C. Timid
D. Gregarious

15. The writer, on getting into the train, was shocked because
A. There were no attendants
B. Of large number of white faces
C. The people appeared unfriendly
D. The train was not neater than those in Nigeria

Did you ever pause to think that eating and mating

may be .... 16.... [A. interlinked B. Intertwined
C. interposed D. intermingled) to the extent of
becoming targets for a planned international political
strategy? If by an accident of geography, you happen to
save in a region of Africa, Asia or Latin America that is
one of the .... 17... [A. receivers B. receptors C
recipients D. obtainers) of foreign 'aid' then pay
.... 18.... (A. hid B. heed C. attention D. cognizance)
to an insight provided by José de Castro, a Brazilian
sociologist and a former president of the United Nations
Food and Agriculture Organization (F.A.O).
The United States imposes birth control, not to
help the poor countries - no one believes any more in
its 'disinterested' aid programme – but because that
is its strategic defence ... 19...... [A. aim B. problem
C. method D. policy). We must ...20...... [A. realize
B. recognize C. reckon D. discern) that the pill is
North America's best guarantee of continuing the
domination of the 'Third World'. If ever the Third World
achieves normal development Washington's Roman
Empire will ... 21...... (A. be dissolved · B. be
dismembered C. disintegrate D. disappear]. These
views were ......22.... [A. confirmed B. affirmed
C. established D. reaffirmed] about a decade later,
when R. T. Ravenholt of the United States Office of
Population stated that the United States was seeking
to provide the means by which one quarter of the
world's fertile women can be ...23... (A. fertilized
B. impregnated C. sterilized D. childless).
These two statements are indicative of the ...24...
[A. conflict B. convergence C. Collision D. collusion)
of interests of multinational pharmaceutical
corporations, defence strategists and food politicians
Whether or not population planning is a ...25.... [A. ploy
B. style C. desire D. scheme) of the ruling elite for
finding a scapegoat for its ineptitude. It is debatable
however, it is evident that there exists an inextricable
link between food aid and population planning policies.

In the question below select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence:

26. Between you and me, I would say the equipment has outlived its usefulness
A. I believe that the equipment is no longer useful to any of us
B. I believe that the equipment continues to be useful to either you or me
C. My idea of the usefulness of the equipment should remain known only to the two of us
D. My idea of the usefulness of the equipment is shared by both

27. Emeka wished he had started school early

A. Emeka started school early as he wished
B. Emeka regretted starting school early
C. Emeka regretted not starting school early
D. Emeka could have started school early if he had wished

28. He was between the devil and the deep blue sea
A. He was in danger
B. He was scared
C. He stood between the devil and the sea
D. He was in a dilemma

29. The boys who rioted, were suspended by the principal

A. Only some of the boys rioted and they were suspended
B. All the boys rioted and were suspended
C. Many boys rioted and were suspended
D. A few boys rioted and were suspended

30. Whoever would have thought that he would lose the presidential election?
A. Everyone believed that he would lose the election,
B. It was commonly believed that he would win the election
C. He was supposed to lose the election
D. No one believed that he would win the election

31. It's wonderful that Musa is already out of hospital

A. The fact that Musa is out of hospital cause great wonder
B. The fact that Musa is out of hospital is a miracle
C. It is surprising that Musa is out of hospital
D. It is very pleasing that Musa is out of hospital
32. You could have heard the sound if you weren't asleep
A. You were not asleep so you heard the sound
B. You were asleep so you did not hear the sound
C. You heard the sound though you were asleep
D. You did not hear the sound though you were not asleep

33. Had Aminu been a dull student, his failure wouldn't have surprised anybody
A. Aminu failed and it surprised everybody since he was dull
B. Aminu was not a dull student and so everybody was surprised that he failed
C. Because Aminu was a dull, student, everybody was surprised that he failed
D. Aminu had been a dull student, and so nobody was surprised that he failed

34. The president of club said that he would cross the bridge on getting there
A. He was waiting for an opportunity to take a decision
B. When he got to the river, he would build a bridge across it
C. He would take a decision at the appropriate time
D. When he got to the river, he would cross at the bridge

35. His refusal to help us, dealt a death-blow to our plans

A. because he did not help, our plans did not materialize
B. He helped and our plans materialized
C. He blew our plans to pieces
D. He supported our plans so it worked

36. It is entirely up to you to make a profession of your faith

A. confess your belief
B. turn your faith into a business
C. deny your faith
D. loudly proclaim your religion

37. He won the election because he was able to carry his people along with him
A. alienate his people
B. go out with the people
C. have the support of the people
D. fail to provide the people with transport

38. They often quarreled before leaving the house but made it up by the time they returned home
A. added it up
B. reconciled
C. fell out
D. compounded the problem

39. The effect of rising prices has snowballed considerably

A. risen
B. decreased
C. frozen
D. grown

40. The economic situation is responsible for the recent discord in many families
A. division
B. resourcefulness
C. harmony
D. suffering

41. The college was worried about Tunji;s garrulous tendency

A. reticent
B. loqacious
C. quarrelsome
D. outspoken

42. We have found that cassava is a sine qua non item in our industry
A. useful
B. indispensable
C. useless
D. dispensable

43. Science may be a complicated area of learning, but its teaching needs to be demystified
A. simplfied
B. twisted
C. made difficult
D. distorted

44. Surveying the sky in the quiet of the night gives me an ethereal feeling
A. human
B. earthly
C. mundane
D. commonplace

45. The awareness of mortality has always imposed some restraint on man's excesses
A. celestial
B. eternity
C. continuity
D. inexistence

46. The decision we have taken is irrevocable

A. responsible
B. irresponsible
C. reversible
D. irreversible

47. The lawyer pointed out a discrepancy in the two stories

A. similarity
B. gap
C. falsehood
D. difference

48. Their high level of dishonesty has made that department infamous in the entire secretariat
A. reputable
B. notorious
C. unpopular
D. acceptable

49. When Uche wouldn't come to quickly enough, the principal rushed him to the hospital
A. revive
B. pass out
C. arrive
D. come up

50. The governor's action is out of tune with the declarations of his party
A. in disagreement
B. in line
C. out of touch
D. in touch

In the question below choose the most appropriate option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or
phrase(s) underlined:
51. Ator led a dog's life for twenty years he stayed in the United Kingdom
A. lived a dirty life
B. was promiscuous
C. was domesticated
D. led an unhappy and troubled life

52. The chief's brother was a complete nonentity

A. upstart
B. vagabond
C. riff-raff
D. person of inexperience
53. The principal warned us against burning the candle at both sides
A. being careless with candles
B. wearing ourselves out
C. being too generous
D. disloyalty

54. Biola decided to give the task everything he had

A. all his money
B. all his time
C. complete attention
D. complete attendance

55. The result of the election would have been different if some people had not been disfranchised
A. disfavored
B. banned from contesting
C. allowed to rig
D. prevented from voting

56. We enjoyed the story but it sounds larger than life

A. too long and unsubstantiated
B. a little watery and lifeless
C. completely untrue
D. somewhat unusual

57. Olu might visit London next summer

A. could
B. should
C. will
D. can

58. General Murtala Muhammed excelled in deeds of prowess

A. warfare
B. politics
C. courage
D. eloquence

59. The teacher’s face broke into incredulous smile when he heard Adamu’s reason for coming late
A. irritating
B. artificial
C. unbelievable
D. irresponsible

60. Recreation is important in contemporary civilization

A. leisure
B. treasure
C. Freedom
D. pleasure
61. He won most of his fight because of his unorthodox style
A. crude
B. dishonest
C. aggressive
D. unconventional

62. Jide says he read in the papers that our uncle has been declared a persona non grata by the French
government
A. unwelcome guest
B. impersonator
C. ungrateful person
D. unofficial guest

63. The vice chancellor, who is a stickler of rules, refused the request by the students for the semester to be
rescheduled
A. a puritan
B. a pedanist
C. disciplinarian
D. an idealist

64. The town looked deserted but we moved in with trepidation

A. confidence
B. surprise
C. hesitation
D. fear

In the question below, fill the gap with the most appropriate option:

65. I have no respect for individuals who are too ....

A. compliance
B. compliant
C. compliable
D. complicated

66. the policemen who were to keep watch connived .... the robber's escape
A. with
B. at
C. to
D. for

67. Kaka is .... to acquire knowledge, but also eager to display it

A. not only anxious
B. anxious not only
C. not only that she is anxious
D. anxious

68. Wudu will not come .... she is asked

A. after
B. provided
C. unless
D. because

69. You must forbid .... coming

A. he's
B. that he is
C. him for
D. his

70. Oche should leave for New York on Friday .... being equal
A. all the things
B. all other things
C. other things
D. other things all

71. Th woman warned her daughter not to .... with bad boys
A. move
B. be moving
C. be keeping company
D. keep company

72. Ali is crying because his mother was killed in a .... accident
A. motor
B. traffic
C. motor vehicle
D. road

73. Otokpa is not very bold. He's not .... a rough life
A. cut up for
B. cut for
C. cut off for
D. cut out for

74. Some of the food .... spoilt

A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have
75. They spent the last holiday with their ....
A. sister in-law
B. sisters-in-law
C. sisters-in-laws
D. sisters-in-law

76. You should not need .... twice

A. to tell
B. telling
C. tell
D. to have been told

77. The .... discouraged me from reading it

A. story's lengths
B. length of the story
C. story length
D. stories length

78. When the teacher asked him to join the queue outside, he considered it .... to his dignity
A. an attack
B. an insolence
C. an affront
D. a disrespect

79. When he joined the staff of the school, he had various duties .... to him
A. detailed
B. assigned
C. prescribed
D. enlisted

80. The secretary was blamed .... the untidy state of the office
A. for
B. about
C. over
D. on

81. After a long talk with the police, Baba confessed his guilt and so the other boys with whom he was accused
were ....
A. vindicated
B. consoled
C. convinced
D. exonerated
82. You think she hasn't got any friends? Of course, she's got ....
A. many more
B. quite much
C. quite a few
D. few

83. He moved out of the house because the landlord and his wife were always fighting ....
A. them selves
B. theirselves
C. each other
D. one another

84. The vermin on his body .... hideous

A. makes the lunatic look
B. make the lunatic look
C. makes the lunatic to look
D. make the lunatic to look

85. Do you think all .... not enough to help the investigator?
A. these information is
B. this information are
C. this information is
D. these information are

86. Do you prefer ...... my rickety car?

A. going on foot to taking
B. to go on foot to taking
C. going on foot than taking
D. to go on foot than to take

87. No sooner .... to fall

A. did we set out when the rain had started
B. had we set out than the rain started
C. were we setting out than the rain started
D. we had set out when the rain started

88. The company was charged with a .... of contract

A. negligence
B. violation
C. disregard
D. breach

89. The army ran short of ....

A. arm and ammunitions
B. arms and ammunitions
C. arms and ammunition
D. arm and ammunition

90. The helpless .... our sympathy

A. require
B. requires
C. does require
D. do requires

91. My brother got married to a woman with .... manners

A. gorgeous
B. exquisite
C. decent
D. attractive

92. The thief we caught yesterday was .... as an official of the company
A. disguised
B. concealed
C. masked
D. veiled

93. The carpenter asked for ten packets of .... nails

A. fifteen-centimetre
B. fifteen centimetres'
C. fifteen- centimetres
D. fifteen-centimetres'

94. The president refused to shake .... with the visiting Prime Minister
A. hand
B. hands
C. a hand
D. his hand

95. The trader complained that he .... robbed

A. had been
B. has been
C. was being
D. is being

96. How can we believe this witness when no one will .... his story?
A. collate
B. correlate
C. collaborate
D. corroborate

97. The journalist's unpopular views made him the subject of much ....
A. admiration
B. derision
C. admonition
D. suspicion

98. Idubor has gone to see his mechanic because his car engine needs to be turned
A. in
B. off
C. up
D. on

99. I was anxious to arrive early for the lecture that I .... my note in the car
A. forgot
B. left
C. dropped
D. abandoned

100. Good schools don't just teach their students they ....
A. inform
B. instruct
C. educate
D. coach
JAMB ENGLISH 1994
Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
Gossip! Yes, gossip is universal. In some language, it may have an outright negative connotation but in
English, it basically means ‘idle talk’, chat about trivial things or matter. When moderated and kind, ‘casual
talk’ may serve to exchange useful information as a means of updating one’s knowledge. The whole
neighborhood may grow gossipy with who got married, pregnant, died, or it may just be a humorous chi-chat
devoid of malicious intent.

However, idle talk more often than not, degenerates beyond the bounds of property and good taste. Facts
get embellish, exaggerated or deliberately distorted. Humiliation is made the source of humor. Privacy is
violated, confidence betrayed and reputations injured or ruined. Condemnation takes the place of
commendation, murmuring and fault finding are extolled. The end result is like the mud thrown on a clean
piece of white cloth. It does not stick but it leaves a dirty and sometimes permanent stain behind.

Gossip has been blamed for sleepless nights, headache and indigestion. Certainly, it must have caused you
some personal anguish at one time or the other that is someone must at some times have tried getting a knife
between your shoulder blades. Negative gossip is almost universally frowned upon. Among the Indians in the
United States, gossiping about someone is classified with lying and stealing. Among the Yoruba of Nigeria, the
tale bearer is detested and often avoided. Indeed, throughout history, measures have been taken to curb this
‘deadly’ disease. Between the 15th and 18th centuries, the ducking stool was popularly used in England and
Germany and later in the United States.

The gossip was tied to a chair and repeatedly ducked in water. In modern times, the war against gossiping
has also been fought. Rumor control centers have been established to even respond to rumors that were
potentially harmful to government activities. Law have been passed to curb gossip. Nicknames have been
given to those who peddle the trade. Ever heard of ‘Amebo’!

Such efforts notwithstanding, gossip survives. It is alive and flourishing. Gossip is everywhere. There is
neighborhood gossip, office gossip, party gossip, family gossip and funnily enough, religious gossip. Gossip
transcends all cultures, race and civilizations, and it has flourished and it is still flourishing at every level of the
society. Gossip is deeply a part of human nature. Yet gossip is not inherently evil. There is a positive side to
casual talk. Knowing where to draw harmless and harmful gossip is the key to avoiding victimizing others and
being victim yourself.

1. Gossip appeals to people because

A. It is entertaining but could be deadly
B. Human beings take delight in passing and acquiring information
C. It provides avenues for idle talk
D. It is not destructive in the type of information passed

2. ‘Grow gossipy’ as used in the passage, means the area

A. Cultivates and control gossip
B. Is a rumor mill
C. Is ruined by gossip
D. Engage in fruitful talk

3. When gossip ‘degenerates beyond the bounds of propriety and good taste’ it becomes
A. Harmful
B. Ruthless
C. Irritating
D. Astonishing

4. In the passage, ‘such efforts notwithstanding’ refers to

A. Attempts at curbing gossip
B. The establishment of ducking stool
C. Rumor-control centers
D. Law enacted against gossip

5. Which of the title best sum up this passage?

A. Gossip: A thing of the past
B. Gossip: A societal evil
C. Gossip and be damned
D. Gossip: The good and the bad

PASSAGE II
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer, and the
programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be unable to reverse this trend. Nearly all the
developing countries have a modern sector, where the patterns of living and working are similar to those in
developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector, where the pattern of living and working are not
only unsatisfactory, but in many cases is even getting worse.

What is the typical condition of the poor in developing countries? Their work opportunities are so limited
that they cannot find occasional workout of their situation. They are under-employed, or totally unemployed.
When they do find occasional work, their productivity is extremely low. Some of them have land, but often
too little land. Many have no land, and no prospect of ever getting any. There is no hope for them in the rural
areas, and so they drift into the big cities. But there is no work for them in the big cities either – and of course
no housing. All the same, they flock into the cities because their chances of finding work appear to be greater
there than in the villages – where chances are nil. Rural unemployment, then, produces mass migration into
the cities. Rural unemployment becomes urban unemployment.
 The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth in the small towns
and villages which still contain about eighty to ninety per cent of the population? The primary need is work
places, literally millions of work places. No one, of course, would suggest that output per worker is
unimportant. Bu t the primary aim cannot be to maximize output per worker, it must be to maximize wok
opportunities for the unemployed and the under-employed. The poor man’s greatest need is the chance to
work. Even poorly paid and relatively unproductive work is better than no work at all. It is therefore more
important that everybody should produce something, than that a few should each produce a great deal. And
in most developing countries, this can only be achieved by using an appropriate intermediate technology.

6. According to the passage, the difference between the developing countries and the developed ones is that
while the former have
A. A modern sector, the latter does not
B. Two conflicting sectors, the latter have one
C. Higher rural unemployment, the latter have higher urban unemployment
D. Appropriate intermediate technology, the latter adopt inappropriate one

7. Which of the following statements best explains the meaning of the phrase ‘reverse this trend’ as used in
the text
A. Return to the former state of affairs
B. Reappraise the programme
C. Improve the situation
D. Make the rich become poorer

8. From the way the winter describes the typical condition of the poor in developing countries, one could
conclude that
A. Rural poverty is a disease
B. The poor have no hope
C. Rural poverty is caused by rich
D. The problems of the poor are temporary

9. When the writer say ‘…. literally millions of work places’ he wants the reader to
A. Take the million figure literally
B. Appreciate numerous workplaces
C. Realize that the million figure is mere exaggeration
D. Appreciate the size of the work force

10. What is the point made by the writer about solving the problem of unemployment in developing
countries?
A. Use appropriate intermediate technology
B. A few people should produce a great deal
C. Stop migration to cities
D. Create more work places
PASSAGE III
Politics in pre-colonial times did not involve the partisan type of electioneering campaign that we now have.
The society was ruled by a king or an emir and his traditional chiefs or by the council of elders or clan heads.
Where there existed the hierarchical system as in the Yoruba and Hausa kingdoms, succession to throne was
mainly patriarchal. A recorded exception was the case of queen Amina of the Zazzau Empire who ruled in the
15th century AD.

A host of unsung and unrecorded women regents and at the times women village rulers abound, especially
the present Ondo state where some influential female chiefs and regents still exist. In Ibadan, the famous
Efunsetan Aniwura held political as well as economic sway and it took a lot of drive, brain work and political
engineering for the then King and his council chiefs to subdue her. The history of the various towns and
villages of the period could boast of such women who were actively engaged in the running of government.

In the Igbo society, a rise to leadership position was through demonstrated ability in fostering societal
survival rather than heritage. Women’s voice in the politics of each clan is given focus either through the guild
of wives, the guild of daughters, or the market women’s guild. Women, through these organs, could make
their feelings known on any issue affecting their community as a whole or females in particular, Thus,
unpopular edict or ‘decrees’ could be revoked or revised as a result of mounted pressure from any of these
female associations. No decision was usually taken by the man without prior consultation with the leaders of
the women’s groups.

It must however be emphasized that the degree of women participation in politics was yet much limited
when compared to that of men.

11. According to the author, electioneering campaign is approach

A. Best used in politics
B. Used in pre-colonial politics
C. For choosing kings or emirs
D. Currently in used

12. From the passage, it is obvious that women participate in politics

A. On equal basis with men
B. As leaders of men
C. To a limited extent
D. As chiefs and regents

13. ‘Political engineering’ in the passage means

A. Playing of politics
B. Maneuvering, I politics
C. Studying of politics
D. Steering political events

14. Which of the following is implied in the passage?

A. Women are not politicians
B. Women should be confined to the home
C. Women are capable of political leadership
D. Post-colonial politics should not involve women

15. A suitable title for the passage is

A. Women in politics
B. Champions of women liberation
C. Great women of yesteryears
D. Electioneering campaigns

PASSAGE IV
Use the passage below to answer questions 16 to 26. The passage has gaps number 16 - 26. Immediately
following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.
Two thirds of children in .... 16 .... [A. industrialized
B. socialized C. technological D. modernized]
societies no longer have family life. They are virtually
abandoned to child-minders from a very tender age.
The ... 17 .... [A. disregard B. indifference C. alienation
D. inattention] from their mothers brings suffering
and makes it impossible for them to achieve a healthy
social life. The .... 19 ... [A.
[A. delinquency
B. irresponsibility C. satanism D. trauncy] among
young people may be to a large extent, due to these
premature separations which take place before
sufficient time has .... 20.... [A. materialized B. occurred
C. surfaced D. elapsed] for attachment to develop
This is one of the causes of psychosis in children
today', says a psychiatrist who believes that 'breast-
feeding is one of the basic cares which many children
of this age are .... 21.... [A. tantalized with B. denied of
C. left with D. spare of]. This psychiatrist argues that
breast-feeding extends into the world outside the
womb, a liquid bond with the inside of the mother's
body, a bond .... 22 .... [A. close to B. the same as C.
unrelated to D. irrelevant to that which the baby had
with the placenta inside the uterus. Rhythmic rocking to and fro is .... 23 ....
23 .... (A. an elongation B. a
demonstration C. a continuation D. a stretching} of
the movement that the child experienced before it was
born. As for the baby's .... 24 .... (A. squeezing against
B. separation from C. likeness for D. pressure
against] its mother's body, it reminds the child of the
.... 25.... [A reassuring B. uncomfortable C. amusing
D. unpleasant] pressure of the uterus, and enables it
to .... 26.... [{A. unearth B. rediscover C. learn D.
explore] the rhythms of its mother's breathing and
heartbeat.

In the question below, fill the gap with the most appropriate option:
27. Had he come that day, the problem would still not have been solved
A. He came that day, but the problem was not solved
B. He did not come that day, but the problem was solved
C. He did not come that day, and the problem was not solved
D. He did not come that day, but his presence would not have solved the problem

28. He is now the megaphone of the people's oppressors

A. He now speaks on behalf of the oppressors
B. He now carries the megaphone when the oppressors speaks
C. He is now the oppressor with loudest voice
D. He is the oppressor who no speaks with megaphone

29. Here is Mr. Pam the tailor

A. He is the only person known as Mr. Pam, and he is a tailor
B. He is one of those known as Mr. Pam, and he is a tailor
C. He is the only tailor, and he is Mr. Pam
D. He is one of many tailors, and he is Mr. Pam

30. One of the guarantors shall sign here

A. It is desirable that one of the guarantor signs here
B. It is reasonable that one of the guarantor’s signs here
C. It is obligatory that one of the guarantor’s signs here
D. It is advisable that one of the guarantors sign here

In the question below choose the most appropriate option opposite in meaning to the word(s) underlined:
31. The paper carries many humorous cartoons on Saturdays
A. amorous
B. grievous
C. hilarious
D. grave

32. All through his years in public office, he found his father's advice invaluable
A. priceless
B. hopeless
C. worthless
D. helpful

33. The lecture was merely obfuscating the issue with his endless examples
A. complicating
B. clarifying
C. confusing
D. summarizing

34. Such measures end up exacerbating the pain,

A. aggravating
B. increasing
C. eliminating
D. alleviating

35. In a sentence, there must always be a concord between a subject and its verb
A. breach
B. departure
C. disagreement
D. dispute

36. As soon as the headmaster appeared, the chanting resumed?

A. immediately
B. much later
C. soon after
D. almost as

37. In the course of the debate, the speakers were advised to summarize their points?
A. argue
B. develop
C. round off
D. round up

38. The elderly often fulminate against the apparent indolence of the young generation?
A. protest bitterly about
B. complain seriously about
C. promote vigorously
D. commend warmly

39. We should discourage further investments in existing factories?

A. productive
B. prosperous
C. prospective
D. precious

40. Nigeria is gradually experiencing economic recession?

A. birth
B. discovery
C. recovery
D. destruction

Choose the most appropriate option nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
41. We could not put up with his terrible disposition?
A. exterminate
B. tolerate
C. control
D. deal with

42. She was taken aback by his altitude?

A. delayed
B. dragged back
C. surprised
D. overwhelmed

43. Many would argue that the achievement is commensurate with the effort?
A. unexpected in the light of
B. funny compared with
C. proportional to
D. the wrong excuse for

44. They show no fitness in dealing with strangers?

A. boldness
B. kindness
C. tact
D. love

45. As a matter of fact, we have been trying to step up production?

A. maximize
B. decrease
C. suspend
D. increase

46. Ojo used to play tennis every day?

A. is familiar with playing
B. has to play
C. was in the habit of playing
D. was made to play

47. In his own story, he confirmed that they had been on his tail for quite some time?
A. closely following and watching him
B. searching for him
C. giving him a tail
D. tagging him a talebearer

48. I am surprised to learn that Badmus is an agnostic?

A. someone that believes in God
B. someone who antagonizes God
C. someone who is nonchalant about the existence of God
D. someone who does not believe in the existence of God

49. Although the manager is busy right now, he will be with you presently?
A. immediately
B. soon
C. without delay
D. right away

50. The governor's wife, in characteristically simple attire, walked into the hall unnoticed?
A. eccentrically
B. typically
C. consistently
D. intrinsically

51. After my husband's popular election, we had to keep open house throughout the weekend?
A. entertain every caller
B. keep all doors open
C. relax security
D. give a party

52. Our new Vice-Chancellor has stepped off the wrong foot?
A. injured his foot while entering his office
B. started off badly
C. made a costly mistake
D. stepped on the wrong toes

53. The corporate existence of any nation is in jeopardy if her leaders pay lip service to her unity?
A. do not promptly pay their taxes
B. want to break up the country
C. do not dialogue - regularly over her unity
D. are insincere about the problems of her unity
54. Much to her chagrin, the bridegroom did not turn up for the wedding?
A. wonder
B. surprise
C. disappointment
D. depression

55. Ngozi's countenance is less gloomy; it would appear as if she is relatively out of the woods?
A. free from difficulties
B. just from the forest
C. in good condition of health
D. out of wants

Fill the gap with the most appropriate option from the list following the gap.
56. When I was in the secondary school, my parents were active members of the ..........
A. Parents - Teachers Association
B. Parents - Teachers' Association
C. Parents - Teacher Association
D. Parents - Teacher's Association

57. The pen which you have just picked up is.......?

A. Charle's
B. Charles'
C. Charless'
D. Charles's

58. It is clear to me that you won't visit Okoro this holiday, will you?...
A. Yes, I wont
B. Yes, I will visit
C. No, I won't
D. No, I will not visit

59. Sa'adatu as well as the maids...?

A. like Plantain chips
B. are liking Plantain chips
C. is liking plantain chips
D. likes plantain chips

60. Measles....no longer impossible to manage these days

A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
61. People dislike Jobe because he is a.......young man?
A. A tricky
B. tricking
C. trickful
D. tricky

62. If the boys arrived early enough, the match ...?

A. would have been played
B. will be played
C. will have to be played
D. would be played

63. There are ...... on spelling and pronunciation at the end of the book?
A. appendixes
B. appendix
C. appendices
D. appendixes

64. She usually works hard, but....... she could be very lazy?
A. at times
B. atimes
C. attimes
D. at time

65. The police ........... happy about the dwindling crime rate.
A. says they are
B. say it is
C. say they are
D. says it is

66. The keepers themselves are sometimes........ by the bees?

A. stinged
B. stang
C. stung
D. sting

67. I now realize I ........ you before?

A. had met
B. have met
C. met
D. meet
68. The patient was ....... by a group of surgeons last week?
A. operated on
B. operated
C. operated for
D. operated with

69. The old man couldn't help ...... at his grandson's babbling?
A. to laugh
B. that he laughed
C. laughing
D. in laughing

70. A range of options ......available to the political parties during the recently concluded elections
A. were made
B. is made
C. are made
D. was made

71. He claimed that Mr. okoli's utterance was tantamount to defamation of character, so he sued for .......
A. damage
B. some damage
C. a damage
D. damages

72. I don't think he can .......?

A. can't he
B. isn't it
C. can he
D. don’t I

73. The handset was faulty and so it was impossible to ..... them on phone?
A. get at
B. get over
C. get through to
D. get on to

74. The president of the union ....... for the airport by the time the riot started?
A. would have left
B. is about leaving
C. was leaving
D. has left
75. To be extravagant is to be .......?
A. rich
B. luxurious
C. careless
D. wasteful

76. Until his recent experience, Onimisi used to pride himself....... his fearlessness?
A. on
B. by
C. about
D. for

77. The trader ...... his wares at the trade fair?

A. exhibited
B. displayed
C. spread
D. demonstrated

78. Based on the facts before me, I have no alternative ...... to terminate your appointment?
A. but
B. than
C. as
D. only

79. Despite the pressure of work during the week I shall endeavor to ...... at your wedding?
A. put up an appearance
B. put an appearance
C. put in an appearance
D. put on an appearance

80. The expected guest eventually arrived ....... his wife?

A. in company with
B. in company of
C. by company of
D. accompanied with

81. When we visited him, he offered us a variety of ....... drinks such as whisky and brandy?
A. hot
B. local
C. hard
D. soft

82. The exercise will be easily accomplished by the team if members ....... their .......?
A. pull/resources together
B. pool/resources together
C. pull/resources
D. pool/ resources

83. I have decided to ...... drinking alcohol for health reasons?

A. abandon
B. give up
C. discard
D. jettison

84. I would like to ....... my father to Kaduna?

A. accompany
B. follow
C. escort
D. join

85. One ...... be too careful these days; times are uncertain and walls have ears?
A. can't
B. shouldn’t
C. need not
D. dares not

86. I shall never be so tired ...... to write to you?

A. as not to be able
B. that I shan't be able
C. and so be unable
D. such that I will be unable

87. As you have been here before...... lead the way?

A. it were better you
B. it is you who will
C. you'd better
D. you would better

88. My friend ....... me for many years when I met him last week?
A. never saw
B. did not see
C. had not seen
D. had never seen

89. School buildings that ...... in 1950...... now uninhabitable?

A. were build / are
B. were built / are
C. were built / is
D. are built / are

90. Sixty percent of the unskilled workers...... yearly by the company?

A. are retain
B. is retained
C. were retained
D. are retained

91. Defects like ...... in government's development plans...... for extra vigilance?
A. this / calls
B. these / calls
C. this / call
D. these / call

92. Most of his personal …… stolen

A. affects was
B. affects were
C. effects was
D. effects were

93. Tokyo is one of the most developed ...... of the world?

A. electronics centre
B. electronic centre
C. electronics centres
D. electronic centres

94. The director is to liaise ...... the management ...... corporate matters?
A. with / in
B. in / on
C. with / on
D. on / with

95. Some motorist ..... Sokoto and Kano?

A. shuttle along
B. shuttle from
C. shuttle to
D. shuttle between

96. ...... we can now start meaningful development?

A. Since the cold war is over
B. With the cold war over
C. The cold war over
D. That the cold war is over

97. My ...... is for you to refuse the ....... of the wicked?

A. advise / advice
B. advice / advice
C. advice / advise
D. advise / advise

98. Go straight down the hill and take the third ........ on the left. you can't miss it?
A. bend
B. branch
C. junction
D. turning

99. I hereby declare and ...... that, to the best of my knowledge, this statement is true in all respects?
A. inform
B. confirm
C. affirm
D. conform

100. A citizen in a democracy can ...... the law if he or she wants to correct an injustice.
A. turn up
B. bring out
C. bring up
D. turn to
USE OF ENGLISH 1995

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
Whenever I have had to ask myself the question
why I have not left this country for good, many answers
rush to my mind, each striving to be recognized as
being the most cogent. I am reminded of the popular
slogan that this country belongs to us all’, for which
reason every Nigerian must join hands in trying to
salvage it. I try to dismiss the argument by reasoning
that it is foolhardy attempting to lend a helping hand
where one's services are apparently not required. Then
I am reminded that if I left the country in a hurry just
because of our political instability and economic
hardships, my commitments to my family and extended
family at home would suffer. I reply by saying that as
soon as I got settled abroad, I would arrange for my
family to join me. Other financial problems at home
would be taken care of by regular remittances. Would
I then never think of going back home in future? Not
until the situation in the country improve considerably,
I would answer. And who did I expect to carry on with
the task of national rehabilitation when the likes of me
are all out of the country? Those who messed up
the
country in the first place, I would argue. And so on.
This dialogue of self has been going on for the last
ten years or so; meanwhile, I am yet to leave the
country.
When I wonder how many people share my kind
of mental experience, I realize that we must be very
few. For not many have the slightest opportunity of
absconding from the country; they do not have the place
to run to, nor do they have the means of escape. Even
among the elite who consider this possibility, the
uncertainty of a future outside their fatherland
intimidates. And so, we all end up staying and
mumbling.
1. To leave the country for good' means leaving the
country
A. unexpectedly
B. for better opportunities
C. permanently
D. now that things are not very good

2. The expression 'each striving to be recognized as

being the most cogent' means each
A trying to prove its superiority
B. determined to prove that it is the most acceptable
C. resolved not to be dislodged
D. attempting to show that it is the brightest.

3. The writer's argument that it is foolhardy to offer one's services where such are apparently not
required implies that in Nigeria
A. the authorities do not solicit for the services of the citizens
B. mediocrity is the order of the day
C. the authorities are indifferent to offer of help from the citizens
D. to offer to serve the country is dangerous.

4. The writer's posture as to who caused the problems in this country can be described as
A. indifferent
B. unpatriotic
C. self-righteousness
D. logical

5. The last paragraph of the passage reveals that

A. the writer is a member of the elite which alone indulges in this kind of thinking.
B. people in the country only end up arguing among themselves, while nobody does anything about the
situation
C. the majority of citizens in the country do not possess the ability to argue the way writer
D. deciding to leave the country is as bad as
Deus deciding to stay.

PASSAGE II
The development of science and technology in
discoveries. For nearly a century, men were content
with the use of railways, carriages and cars. Another
chapter opened when steamships and airplanes were
invented. Thus, through technology, man conquered
the land, the water and the airspace. But there was
one area left unconquered by man; outer space. In
fact, outer space – planets, stars and the galaxies -
was known only through magnifying lenses. Thus
man operated on mere conjectures as far as
knowledge of these things was concerned.
Consequently, there was no scientific certainty; only
hypotheses. But today, man has penetrated outer
space.
It is true that science and technology have
developed tremendously in this century. In the field of
engineering, for example, the automobile has been
invented as a means of easier, more comfortable and
faster movement from one place to another. Apart from
that, methods and instruments for diagnosing
diseases and promoting hygiene and sanitation have
helped to reduce mortality rate and improve living
conditions. In the field of electronics, the invention of
the computer is a remarkable achievement. The use
of computers in economic activities can be carried out
faster and more effectively. I
However, in spite of the laudable contributions and
lofty accomplishments of technology, it has,
nevertheless, succeeded in introducing several
anomalies and in some cases, reduced the value
attached to human life. In our age, social life has been?
greatly altered by technological changes such as the
invention of nuclear energy. Those who support the
invention of nuclear energy claim that the only way to
maintain peace is to be battle ready. Humanity is greatly
threatened and terrorized by the invention of the nuclear
warhead. People now live-in dread of the hour, as no
one knows when a conflict may arise between nations,
which may lead to the use of the nuclear bomb assumed to possess the capacity of wiping out
humanity within the twinkling of an eye.

6. The phrase 'For nearly a century' implies that the events described happened
A after the present century
B. before the present century
C. at a time that includes the present century
D. before the development of science and technology

7. The words 'conjectures' and 'hypotheses' mean

A guess-work
B. prediction
C. understanding
D. conclusion
8. The inventors of nuclear energy justify the need of it by saying that it will
A. make people fear war and thus create peace
B. enable wars to be fought more effectively
C. provide a balance of power between war and peace
D. balanced society in the world

9. The conclusion one can draw from the passage is that the direction of the development of science and
technology
A. has continued to be of benefit to humanity
B. leaves nothing more to be invented or discovered
C. may lead man back to the early periods
D. has assumed some negative dimensions

10. The title that best reflects the contents of the

passage is
A. Man, Science and the Environment
B. Technology in the Service of Man
C. Science and Technology through the Centuries
D. Science, Technology and Human Existence.

PASSAGE III
Standard English refers to the authoritative and
correct usage of the language, that is, accepted and
recognized words, expressions and structures peculiar
to a smaller group of language users who are generally
set apart from standard usage by cultural group or
geographical region. For example, Nigerian, American,
Irish and British English differ from one another in many
respects and each is identifiable, yet in every case the
standard variety approaches a single and hypothetical
classification known as international English. As one
moves towards informality and away from the
observance of strict rules, emphasis falls on the
differences between dialects. In addition to American
English being distinguishable from British English, it
is also true that British English is not uniform within
the United Kingdom. The level of formality is
determined by education and aspiration, while dialects
vary from region to region.
(The Department of English, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife. The
Use of English Text (1980)

11. The author refers to standard English as

A. a dialectal variant of language
B. an authoritative style of usage
C. the orthodox and accurate usage of the language
D. the accepted and recognized words, expressions and structures, peculiar to a smaller group of language
users.

12. One characteristic of a dialect as mentioned in

the passage is
A. informality
B. possession of various forms
C. distinction from British English
D. restricted area of usage.

13. According to the author, Nigerian, American, Irish

and British English can be regarded as
A. registers
B. standards C. styles
D. languages.

14. According to the passage, international English is

А. a kind of arbitrary classification
B. an imaginary classification
C. an informal standard
D. a recognized formal standard.

15. The observance of strict rules is a feature of

A formality B. dialects C. language
D. unconventionality

PASSAGE IV
Use the passage below to answer questions 16 to 25.
The passage has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each
gap.
Many Nigerians are yet to appreciate the
importance ...... 16...... [A. consuming B. eating
C. swallowing D. taking] good food. The major reason
for this lack of ... 17... [A. awareness B. seriousness
C. sense of responsibility D. determination) is to be
18... [A. seen B. acknowledged C. discovered
D. found) in the patter of spending ... 19... [A. recurring
B. usual C. frequent D. common) among the people
of this country. This pattern is characterized by lack of
......20.... [A. thinking B. saving C. planning
D. controlling], which is evident in the wasteful
spending habit of Nigerians, a good number of whom
are quite ......21.... [A. arrogant B. stingy C. crazy
D. extravagant) when it comes to buying. and clothes.
This ...22... [A. desire B. anticipation C. aversion
D. regret] for expensive clothes has been brought about
by the belief that it is appearance that ....23.... [A.
produces B. records C. determines D. decides) the
type of person one is. But it is important to realize that
good food ....24.... [A. lends B. gives C. makes D.
rewards) one ....25... [A. immunization B. immunity C.
release D. retired] from diseases.

In each question 26 to 30, select the option that best

explains the information conveyed in the sentence.
26. Most of the time, their presence is a menace
À Their presence is always meaningful
B. Their presence is seldom a bother
C. Their presence is usually of great concern
D. Their presence is frequently a threat.

27. My son, who is in the USA, is studying Engineering

A My only son is in the USA studying Engineering
B. One of my sons is in the USA studying Engineering
C. My sons are in the USA but only one is studying Engineering
D. Only my son is in the USA studying Engineering

28. I was one of those who actively believed in his

development programmes
A I was part of those who renounced the programmes
B. I was the originator of the programmes
C. I was one of the people who embraced the programmes
D. I was one of the great number who developed
his programmes actively.

29. The mills of God grind slowly, but they grind

exceedingly small.
A. God has a mill where every material in life is thoroughly ground
B. God may seem slow in action, but He adequately rewards every bit of injustice
C. The world is like a food factory where God take His time in grinding all raw materials properly
D. Even though God is never in a hurry, He achieves all things.

30. People are not interested in who rules

A People who rule are not interested in the ruled
B. The rulers are not indifferent about the people
C. People are indifferent about the rulers
D. People are not ruled by the people they are
interested in

In each of questions 31 to 50, Choose the most appropriate option opposite in meaning to the word(s) or
phrase in italics.
31. Good students can easily identify spurious
arguments
A. genuine
B. interesting C. false
D. illogical

32. Eze's skin now looks flabby as a result of his

changed circumstances.
A. neat
B. firm
C. weak
D. oily

33. He and his lieutenants have been accused of

remaining intransigent.
A rigid
B. stubborn
C. compromising
D. popular

34. In the opinion of most observers, it was a

disinterested decision.
A neutral B. impartial C. biased
D. candid

35. We watched in wonder as she rattled away in the

esoteric language
A. inscrutable
B. familiar
C. secret
D. obscure

36. She was asked to swallow her pride and get busy.
A be more realistic B. eat up her own pride
C. be more insistent D. be less proud
37. Many species in creation have mutated over the
years into new forms of life.
A stabilized
B. manifested
C. transformed
D. standardized

38. His textile business deals are in gross

A wholesale B. imported C. retailed
D. exported

39. The government is initiating new effective

programmes to boost production.
A. ending/enhance B. reviewing/renew
C. rearranging/increase D. terminating/reduce

40. The culprit unwittingly subjected himself to great

humiliation
A cunningly
B. curiously
C. foolishly
D. subtly

41. The masses are controlled by the whims and caprices of their rules
A wish
B.
parochialism
C. will power
D. level-headedness

42. In his quest for solidarity, the party leader undertook a nation-wide tour.
A. unity
B. resistance
C. mobilization
D. re-organization

43. Our party is wielding potent political power

A. assuming
B. renouncing
C. restoring
D. reappraising

44. The ruler expects full allegiance from his subjects at all times
A. obedience
B. homage
D. disapproval
C. disloyalty

45. In spite of many days of fasting, Musa is still fastidious about his food
A. particular
B. undecided
C. indifferent
D. unmindful

46. The leader called for concerted efforts in order to get over the problems
A. combined
B. definite
C. disparate
D. isolated

47. The video tape recorder was made obsolete by

the introduction of the satellite dish
A. antiquated
B. useless
C. fashionable
D. functional

48. Segun is somebody who always follows his own

inclinations
A. impulses
B. aversions
C. dispositions
D. deviations

49. The poor man is compelled to languish in his

poverty-stricken situation.
A. luxuriate in
B. deteriorate in
C. suffer in
D. laugh at

50. The engineers have been urged to make a

prototype of the long-awaited Nigerian car
A. specimen
B. original
D. drawing
In each of the questions 51 to 67, choose the most appropriate option nearest in meaning to the word(s)
or phrase in italics

51. The young man's behavior showed that he was

at the top of the tree
A At the highest position in his profession
B. confused
C. at a point of preparedness to show good example
D. arrogant

52. The chairman's reaction was a storm in a tea cup.

A. suitable for the occasion
B. less serious than it appeared to be
C. more serious than necessary
D. greatly diminished in scope

53. Do this job while I am away, but take your time.

A. be careful
B. be thorough
C. be fast
D. don't be in a hurry

54. The judge took issue with the counsel who

complained of double standards.
A. agreed with
B. argued with
D. supported

55. I shuddered in revulsion as I watched the snake

A. was fascinated
B. was repelled
C. was interested
D. was distressed

56. At that point, the speaker went off at a tangent

A. started to run away like a mad person
B. took to lashing out at the audience
C. began to discuss unrelated matters
D. chose to recall previous decisions

57. The enemy interestingly proved a real bulwark on that memorable day
A. protecting force
B. source of trouble
C. trouble shooter
D. tribulation

58. It was evident to whoever listened to his speech

that he also had an axe to grind.
A. An account to settle with someone
B. a tool or something to sharpen
C. a bone to pick with someone
D. a personal objective to achieve

59. He might be compelled to take a momentous decision

A. a voluntary
B. a spontaneous
C. an important D. an involuntary

60. The principal advised the students to bear with him in their present situation since every cloud has a silver
lining
A. every school has its problem
B. every bad situation has something
C. good things always bring problems
D. difficulties often bring good things

61. Oche's mother advised him to talk very little because still waters run deep
A. his enemies may be listening
B. there is no pride in talking too much
C. there is wisdom in silence
D. talking too much could lead him into trouble

62. Akin made such a dog's breakfast of his homework

A. an excellent job
B. a brilliant attempt
C. a mess
D. a poor performance

63. The confused student found himself in a spot

A in a particular space
B. in a normal situation
C in a pleasant situation
D. in a difficult situation
64. The man who gave the closing remarks at the
party spoke tongue in cheek
A. ironically
B. wisely
C profusely
D. eloquently
65. New companies in the country always put up
classified advertisements in the dailies
A. secret
B. small
C. outrageous
D. expensive

66. The doctor insisted on giving all of us prophylactic drugs

A. curative
B. preventive
C. routine
D. special

67. The delegates to the Constitutional Conference have mooted that funding of universities be
transferred to states where they are located
A. said
B. agreed
C. proposed
D. legislated

In each of questions 68 to 100, fill the gap(s) with the

most appropriate option from the list following the gap(s)
68. The workers suffered a lot, toiling ........ [A. in
B. under C. underneath D. inside) the sun

69. Either Ekaete or you ........[A. was B. are C. has

D. is) to go

70. She has the .........(A. elision B. illusion C. delusion

D. allusion] of being intelligent when in fact she is
not.
71. [A. A 90-years old B. A 90-year-old C. a 90
1 year-old D. A. 90-year-old] woman was attacked
by a group of bandits

72. He was angry with me ........[A. on B. for C. of D.

at] being treated nonchalantly

73. The teacher with his wife....... [A. where B. were to

D. was] here

74. ...... [A. If he did this B. If he could do this C. If

he were doing this D. If he had done this] he
would have been convicted.

75. What saved her was that she ........ [A. had clinged
B. clung C. clinged D. clang) to the side of the
be C. are

76. She has been here........[A. since B. for C. from

D. in] the past three years.
77. He was ........weak........ [A. so/that B. too/that
C. very / that] he could not climb the stairs

78. The hospital can now boast of more ........ [A. women
doctor B. woman doctors C. women doctors
D. woman's doctors]

79. He is one of those who ........[A. teaches B. is

teaching C. are teaching D. teach] in my
school.

80. The director, no less than his workers.......... (A. is

B. are C. were
C. were D. ought] to blame

81. The principal asked me ........ [A. what is my name

B. what was my name C. what my name was
D. what my name should be)

82. He did not explain what happened........ [A. either

B. never C. neither D. rather) did she

83. Did the boys enjoy ... (A. each other B. one
another C. themselves D. theirselves) when
they went on vacation?

84. It's time the room ........ [A. is redecorated B. was

redecorated C. is being redecorated D. has
been redecorated) it looks awful.

85. Her mother said to her 'I ....... [A. would rather you
cooked B. would rather you cook C. would
rather you not cook D. would rather you have
cooked) the dinner now.'

86. The driver of the car admitted ........ (A. to not have
B. not having C. to not having D. not to have) a
license.

87. The panel's ....... [A. credit

[A. credit B. credence
C. credibility D. credulity) was stretched to the
limit by what they heard.

88. The poor man was pleased to find ....... [A. a rubber
old discarded B. an old discarded rubber C. a
discarded rubber old D. an old rubber discarded]
tyre

89. The minister can't come today because he has

(A. a former B. a preceding C. a prior D. D. an advance] engagement.

90. The policeman pointed out a

[A. discrepancy
B. discord C. distinction
D. disagreement]
between Mr. Ogene's two accounts of the incident.

91. The ........ [A. cite

B. sight C. site D. side]
engineer was unhappy with the shoddy work done
by the contractors.

92. During the examination, a student

[A. requested B. requested for C. requests for
D. request] more answer sheets.

93. It was moment for us to be ........ {A. opportune /

privileged B. opportuned /privileged C. opportune /
of opportuhed D. opportuned / opportune] to
welcome the new Vice Chancellor.

94. You must study hard this semester in order to

avoid being made ........ [A. a subject of B. an
object of C. a subject for D. an object with]
ridicule

95. One of the three candidates contesting the union

election was obliged to ............. [A. step down
B. stand down C. step out C. stand out]
in favor of his friend.

96. The fact that Olu was able to guess correctly some
of the questions that were asked, made him
[A. have the edge on B. obtain an edge over C.
have an edge over D. obtain the edge with] the
other candidates.
97. This is to congratulate you on your success in the
last examination and to wish you [A. more grease to your elbow
B. more power to your elbow C. some grease on your elbow D. some
power to your elbow).

98. One of the vice ........ [A. President acts B. presidents

act C. president's acts D. presidents acts) in
an interim capacity.

99. The development is to be carried to the [A. grass

root B. grassroot C. grassroots D. grass-root)
level.

100.A very popular ruler is at the ........ [A. helms of affair

B. helm of affair C. realm of affair
D. helm of affairs).
1997 USE OF ENGLISH

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
Chike must have passed the house five times.
And yet, he was still not sure. Was this the house he
had visited so often in the past? The house he used to
visit was a bungalow. This house too, was a bungalow
The old house was situated between two-storied
buildings; this one, too, was so situated. But in spite of
this feeling after all. Could an absence of two years?
have blurred his memory so badly?
After a few moments' hesitation, Chike began to
move towards the house and then stopped, as if held
back by an invisible hand. His attention had been
attracted by a girl of about twenty-four, who was tripping
along the pavement to his right. He turned and
advanced towards her, and was about to call her by
what he felt was her name when he discovered that he
had made a mistake in respect of her identity.
e Just as Chike turned from the girl to continue his
quest, he heard voices shouting, thief! thief!' and saw
a crowd materialize in seconds. At the head of this
justice-impelled rabble, was a ludicrously fat woman
who, in spite of her size, bounced along with the agility
of a prize athlete. This barrel bellowed loudest and
clapped her hands vigorously to punctuate her outburst.
And as she did so, the surplus flesh on her pudgy
arms quivered. 'They are all the same', this woman
screamed, addressing nobody in particular. They
dress gorgeously, but underneath they are rouges
Again, she clapped her hands and again, there
was a quivering of loose flesh. Chike was so busily
occupied with watching the antics of this woman that
he did not notice at first that the object of her venom
was the girl he had seen earlier. It was this girl that
was now surrounded by the crowd, with many people
groaning, sighing and hissing in unison.
Chike relaxed, and prepared to watch the drama
unfolding before him.

1. The expression, 'blurred his memory' means

A. confused him
B. erased his memory
C damaged his brain
D. distorted his thoughts

2. Chike left the girl alone because he

А discovered that she was a thief
B was afraid of the fat woman
C. did not know her
D. did not like her

3. Many people in the crowd groaned, sighed and

hissed because they were
A. angry with the girl
B. sorry for the girl
C. sorry for the fat woman
D. angry that the woman had lied against the girl

4. The expression, "justice impelled in the passage

refers to the desire of the crowd to
A see that the case was taken before a judge
B. take the thief to the police station
C. try the thief immediately
D. see that there was fair play

5. The impression one has of the fat woman

described in the passage is that she is
A. the thief
B. a good person
C. overzealous
D. domineering

PASSAGE II
Theatre in the recent past used to be a very popular
intersection where members of the community not only
art in traditional African society. It used to be a point of
come to entertain themselves, but 'join heads together'.
in the traditional context of African drama therefore,
theatre was popular with the people because it
emphasized community participation, peace and
progress. The presentations focused on the people's
lives, their aspirations, fears and hopes. But today, the
situation is different. Theatre is becoming very
Africa of the present age is pre-occupied with many
problems yearning for immediate solutions. The
continent is facing hydra-headed challenges ·
challenges on the political, social and economic
scenes. In a world where science and technology are
seen as the solutions to these problems, little attention
is paid to the arts, drama and theatre as a mere thing
of fun, a joke so to say.'
Elitism is another barrier that militates against
the appreciation of theatre as a communal art. Folk
theatre is appreciated by a negligible number of people.
Contemporary focus is on literary theatre. Unfortunately,
literary theatre only pretends to serve the interest of its
society while in reality it has a foreign audience in mind.
The use of European and American theatrical
conventions by our academic playwrights can bear
witness to this anomaly
The popularity of the literary African theatre is
further marred by the medium of communication as
most literary dramas in Africa are written in foreign
languages which are not understood by many Africans.
The question often asked is whether the artist should
dimb down to the level of his community or stay at his
exalted height and wait for the community to gradually
move up to him.

6. Theatre was popular in Africa because it

A. was traditional and simple in nature
B. dealt with the political, social and economic problems of the society
C was a source of fun
D. is always funny and looked down upon concerns of the people

7. One of the reasons why theatre is unpopular in

modern Africa is that it
A. is regarded as not being of much use
B. only deals with culture and tradition
C. lacks scientific and academic bases
D. is always funny and looked down upon

8. In the passage, the terms 'theatre' and 'drama' are used

A. differently
B. concurrently
C. interchangeably
D. sparingly

9. One of the arguments in the passage is that academic playwrights

A. express themselves only in foreign languages
B. serve as a catalyst in the society's appreciation of theatre
C. work against the common man's appreciation of theatre
D. make theatre popular in traditional societies

10. By the expression 'climb down', the author implies that modern playwrights should
À. be simplistic in the use of language
B not move up
C use language that is most appreciated by the people
D. wait for the community to catch up with them

PASSAGE III
The financing of the university will always be a
vexatious problem not only because of the need for it
to maintain a level of independence that allows for the
thriving of intellectual pursuit but also for the size of
funding that is required to maintain an acceptable level
of infrastructure in a modern university. The experience
of the Nigerian university in recent years has, in this
regard, been almost alarming. The funding levels
required constitute sufficient reasons for diversifying
the sources. Even if government was in a position on
its own to meet all of the university's financial
requirement, I also hold the view that the university
should seek to become dependent, in a substantial
way, on the funds generated from within. In other words,
the sources of funding he university should be
diversified as much as possible. Based on this
principle, we can identify four sources - government,
industry, students and individual philanthropists. I must
add quickly that each source has its own set of
problems in its continuing interaction with the
university, which ought to be addressed here.
Of all the four major sources of financing university
education mentioned above, contribution through fees
from the students involves intricate issues of special
concern. If government gives as an expression of its
obligation to promote general welfare of society, if
industry gives in order to enhance its chances of
procurement of needed human information and
material resources, as well as enhance its social
responsibility, if the general public gives as an
indication of voluntary support for a worthy social cause,
students (and by inference, their parents) should give
in order to purchase an economic good for meeting
their own need in the expectation that they will be
satisfied with the product purchased

(Adapted from Onosode, G.O.: The Politics of Managing

People, Prospects and Poverty: The Role of the
University'. 1990 OAU Convocation)

11. It is important for universities to be independent

so that they can
A. attract funds from industries
B determine their goals
C. be left to expand without any hindrance
D. carry out effective research

12. The writer advocates for multiple sources of

university funding in order to
A. enhance university autonomy
B. reduce dependence on the government
C. ensure that the numerous needs of the universities are met
D. maintain acceptable levels of infrastructural
development

13. The expression 'intricate issues of a 'special

concern' means
A. important policy statements
B. interwoven topics of significance
C. complex matters requiring careful thought
D. knotty problems that concern everybody

14. The word 'diversified', as used in the passage,

means
A. differentiated B. varied
C. diffused
D. widened

15. The source of university funding emphasized in the passage is

A government
B industry
C the general public
D. students

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 26.
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each.
In today's society, few people at home need feel
16 ...... (A. estranged B. discouraged C. bad D.
intrigued) from other people and ...... 17 ... (A. cut out
B. cut off C. cut away D. cut down) from the world
about them. Telephone, television, car, common social
and educational .... 18......(A. interest B. associations
C. interests D. escapades) with other parents, all
keep married couples in living ...... 19 ...... (A. contact
B. contract C. activity D. together with the rest of the
community. If a person feels ...... 20...... [A. deprived B.
isolated C. neglected D. cheated), it may be that he
or she has allowed himself or herself to become so.
The person who ...... 21......(A. administers B. runs
C. orders D. arranges) the home is the master of the
immediate environment, and is free to plan the daily
22... (A. chores B. timetable C. organization D.
routine) to allow for time off, or for reading, or cultural
or social activities, much more so than the worker in a
factory or office. In fact, in the case of a full-time
housewife and mother, if she uses her time to good
efted, she could develop ... 23... (A. mentally
B physically C. economically D. intelligently by
reading or home study as well as enrich herself with
the ameliorating experience derived to a working
woman, namely living daily contact with her children
24. A. Bearing B. Dressing up C Washing up
D. Bringing up children is regarded by many people
as a rewarding.25... A. activity B experience C.
promotion D. engagement) and a labor of love

In each of questions 26 to 30, select the option that

best explains the information conveyed in the sentence

26. The stadium had a capacity crowd in spite of the

weather
A. The weather favored the crowd at the stadium
B the crowd defied the weather to fill the
stadium
C. The stadium was not filled because of the
weather
D. The crowd loved the weather at the stadium

27. Imona couldn't have attended lectures yesterday

A. it was possible that Imona attended lectures
yesterday
B В It was possible that Imona didn't attend
lectures yesterday
C. It was impossible that Imona attended
lectures yesterday
D. It was impossible that Imona didn't attend
lectures yesterday

28. The conference is biennial

A The conference is held twice every year
B. The conference is held twice every two years
C. The conference is held once every other year
D. The conference lasts for two years

29. Only two ministers survived the recent cabinet

reshuffle
A In the recent changes in government, only two
ministers were sacked
B. In the recent changes in government, all but

two ministers remained alive

C In the recent change in government, all but
two ministers retained their posts
D. In the recent changes in government, all but
two ministers were sacked

30. Bassey is as hard as nails

A. Bassey is very strong
B. Bassey is very brave
C. Bassey is determined
D. Bassey is unsympathetic

In each of questions 31 to 50. choose the most

appropriate option opposite in meaning to the
word(s) or phrase in italics

31. He gave a painstaking account of the encounter

with the ghost of his father
A. sordid
B fearful
C. half-hearted
D. tender-hearted
32. Bala was put off by Lanre's coquettish behavior
towards him
A. unfriendly advances
B. inviting and friendly advances
C. quarrelsome attitude
D. interesting attitude

33. Since mortality is the lot of man, argued the

preacher, we must all accept death with
equanimity
A. concern
B. uncertainty
C. serenity
D. anxiety

34. We admire the minister's passionate and dynamic

characteristics
A. cruel and passive
B. kind and forceful
C. passive and charmless
D. charmless and cruel

35. I was advised to stay away from cities that are

ravaged by crime
A. spoilt by
B. free from
C. suffering from
D. haven of

36. You can use lethal means if necessary, to stop

dangerous characters from molesting innocent
citizens
A. fatal
B. cruel
C. harmless
D. soft

37. His intention was not actually to punish the

villagers, and in any case, he is now making moves
to pacify them
A placate
B. ridicule
C. appease
D. annoy
38. If you are really keen on immediate results, you
just have to adopt this pragmatic approach
A. practical
B. unrealistic
C. opportunistic
D. sensible

39. My friend was reduced to beggary by various ill

advised business deals
A. affluence
B. penury
C. influence
D. poverty

40. Measures were taken to authenticate the number

of the booklets received
A reaffirm
B. discredit
C. discountenance D. count

41. He urged other progressives in the country to join

forces with his association
A. radicals
B. conservatives
C. pessimists
D. activists

42. Adama's father simply condoned her bad habits instead of punishing her appropriately
A. opposed
B. blamed
C accepted
D. forbade
43. The undesirable elements who perpetuate these vices are never detected
A. aggravate
B. overlook
C. discontinue
D. encourage

44. Some travelers unwittingly render themselves

open prey to questionable characters
A. genuinely
B. wholesomely
C knowingly
D. inadvertently

45 His father is a shrewd businessman

A. gullible
B. orderly
C reliable
D. resourceful

46 Many people have raised the issue about the need

for an equitable distnbution of our wealth
A. a fair
B. an unjust
C. an even
C. an undue

47. The pastor decided to exorcise the evil spirit as

the afflicted member of his congregation cried for
help
A. expel
B. drive
C. invite
D. charm

48. He mumbled a few words at the trial and then cried

A. shouted
C. whispered
B. murmured
D. announced

49. There are many areas of convergence between

male and female behavior
A. concomitance
B. concordance
C. incompatibility
D. incomparability

50 The greenhouse effect is beginning to abate in

A. intensity
B. extenuate
C. surface
D. ameliorate

in each of questions 51 to 70, choose the option nearest

in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics
51. Adebayo's plans for the future are in the air
A. suspend
B uncertain
C. empty
D. floating

52 The group of performers thrilled the audience with

its peculiar choreography
A form of dancing
B. art of theatrics
C. type of costuming
D. mode of singing

93 Our local paper is noted for its incisive editorials

on local politics
A. sarcastic
B. penetrating
C. decisive
D. destructive

54. The criminal didn’t bat an eyelid when the judge

pronounced the sentence
A. displayed no understanding whatsoever
B. didn't shed a single tear
C. moved none of his eyelids
D. showed no emotion or surprise

55. The rally was attended only by people who were

apolitical
A. full of political lervour
B. antagonistic to politicians
C. new-bred politicians
D. not interested in politics

56. Smiling broadly, she explained why she always

took exception to being referred to as his wife
A. objected to
B. preferred very much
C. left specially honored by
D. liked nothing except

57. In those days, an ordinary school drop-out would

come around putting on airs
A. trying to impress people
В. trying to oppress people
C. wearing flashy clothes
D. dressed in light materials

58. Many Nigerians have inured themselves to

hardship
A. subjected
B. submitted
C accustomed
D. endeared

59. There are many venal judges in our law courts

today
A qualified
B. professional
C. corrupt
D. honest
60. He is bound to expose himself by his nefarious
activities
A. kind
B. disreputable
C. despicable
D. nocturnal

61. In this house, children are supposed to be in bed

by ten o'clock
A. just before
B. not before
C. about
D. not later than

62. You don't have to agree with our procedure

A. shouldn't disagree
B. must not agree
C. may disagree if you wish
D. may not disagree if you don't wish

63. The new Vice-Chancellor's immediate concern

was to tide over the major difficulties of the moment
A. temporarily accommodate
B. permanently handle
C. decisively solve
D. pretend to solve
64. The minister's anger was aggravated by the news
of the disaster
A abated
B. magnified
C. intensified D. impeded

65. The lawyer gave evasive answers to all the

questions
A. unintelligent B. ineffective
C unreliable D. equivocal

66. Their strength is their staggering capacity to

reproduce
A. unstable multiplying power
B. unreliable attaching power
C. qualitative multiplying power
D. overwhelming multiplying power

67. The sales were lively: the upset price in each case
was fair
A. price that was the highest in the sales
B. price that upset every other buyer
C. highest amount for a bidder to offer
D. lowest selling price of each item

68. The cleaner resigned from his job which he said

had become a trivial round
A. unrewarding
B. too routine
C. rather degrading
D. unattractive

69. The island becomes more enchanting at night

A. attractive
B. delightful
C accommodating
D. lively

70. For a long time, the robber defied police warnings

as if he was invulnerable
A. perfectly justifiable
B. difficult to catch
C. impossible to harm
D. indifferent to
Danger

In each of questions 71 to 100, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list following the
gap

71. He was ...

A. assisted
B. duped
C cajoled D. encouraged
by the trickster

72 When the soldiers saw that resistance was

A. inadequate
B. inefficient
C. futile
D. successful they stopped fighting

73. You should read all the ......

A brochure
B. prospectuses
C. tickets
D. handouts
carefully before you decide where to go on holiday

74. The Emir and conqueror of the enemy territories ......

A arrives B. are to arrive
C. arrive D. are arriving
next week

75. We ought to have visited the Governor ......?

A isn't it
B. oughtn’t we
C. shouldn't we D. haven't we

76. He didn't sense Obi's presence in the room, did

he?
A Yes, he did B. No, he did
C. Yes, he didn't D. No, he didn't

77. You can stay here, ......

A as long
B. so long
C. in as much D. for as long
as you are quiet

78. Where ...... buses ......?

A does these / go
B. do this / goes
C. do these I go
D. does these / goes

79. Ours based venture

A. are resource
B. is is a resource
C. are resources
D. is a resource

80. Wale Do you know where my chemistry book is?

Tom
A. Toyin is with it
B. it is with Toyin
C. Toyin has it
D. Toyin lent

81. The incident occurred when the driver of the car

the lorry
A. reversed towards
B. reversed into
C. reversed to
D. reversed back into

82......I would have helped

A. Has it been that you asked me
B. Had I been that you asked me
C. If you have asked me
D. W you had asked me

83. Those men helped Dupe and

A myself
B. I
C. me
D. we

84. The principal warned the students not to take the

A. law into their
B. laws into their
C. law into their own
D. laws into their own hands

85. I had hardly down to sleep when I heard the

gunshot
A. lay
B. lied
C. lain
D. laid

86. My shoes are wom out, I must see my

A grocer
B. tanner
C. cobbler
D. hosier

87. Kunle was annoyed for arriving late put him

out of temper
A. also kemi's rather insolent manner
B. also that Kemi's insolent manner
C. and Kemi's rather insolent manner also
D. and Kemi is also insolent which

88. A sterile range of mountains, broken at intervals

by deep ravines, ......
A. enclosed
B. encloses
C. cover
D. covers
almost the whole of this small state.

89. The protesters, unable to pull down the status,

...... it from its fixtures
A wrenched
B. pushed
C. towed
D. burnt

90. been no official reaction to your request yet

A There's
B. Theres'
C. Theirs'
D. Their's
been no official reaction to your request yet
91. His looks portend that ...... would be unpleasant
A some news
B. a news
C. news
D. the news

92. By January 1999, 1...

A should have been
B. would be
C. can be
D. must be
ten years in the service of this institution

93. The accused is optimistic of regaining his freedom

because there is no witness to ...... his story
A correct
B. challenge
C. corroborate
D. contradict

94. 'Don't ...... said the leader, I want a decision now

A. prevaricate
B. predicate
C. precipitate
D. be pejoratives

95. Most of the missing jewelry were

A found
B. taken
C. kept
D. recovered
by the police

96. All the cattle on Lamidi's farm

A is tick-free
B. are tick-free
C. is ticks-free
D. are ticks-free

97. He saw the play and so

A. was she
B. had she
C. should she
D. did she
98. The ......
A. fragrance
B. scent
C. aroma
D. smell of what she was cooking filled the
whole compound

99. I hope I have not .......

A. invaded Bencroached
C. intruded
D. trespassed
too much on your time

100. The exercise presented us with a lot of problems

but later it was all sailing
A plain
B. Smooth
C. rough
D. tough
USE OF ENGLISH 1998

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow
PASSAGE I
Those who have visited the city of Jos in Nigeria
attest to its uniqueness. The first striking thing to notice,
perhaps, is the benevolence of the climate. It will be
no exaggeration to say that in no other Nigerian city
does one feel so much at peace, so relaxed, with the
climate as in Jos. When people say that Jos is cold,
the remark is always a compliment, referring to the
cool, serene feeling of being at peace with nature,
which one experiences in the city, this feeling is
topographically symbolized by the surrounding rocky
hills, which adorn the horizon from every angle of the
city. These hills remind you of castles, except that
whereas castles are man-made. The hills of Jos are
natural edifices in which the master mason who had
delicately laid those stones one upon another is no
other than God Himself. The sun of Jos shines without
malice, and even in February and March, when it is
scorching hot in most parts of Nigeria, the heat of
Jos dances caressingly on the surface of the skin, as
if afraid of hurting the organs beneath. It is as if from
above, a soft protective layer of blanket intercedes
between the heat of the sun and the inhabitants of the
city
Compared to what obtains in most other Nigerian
cities, the inhabitants of Jos are openly warm. They
are relaxed, and there is the absence of that suffocating
feeling, with which a place like Lagos is associated, of
a people madly rushing to their graves. The groceries
operating at all nooks and crannies of the city give the
impression of a great abundance of a variety of food
items. It is almost as if some unseen hands are
responsible for the presence of these varieties of edible
items. The truth of course is that, in Jos, people - civil
servants, farmers and traders - are socially well-
disposed to the influx of new settlers and novel ideas,
and this ensures an apparent high degree of self-
sufficiency. You may be hungry in Jos, but you need not
be angry
If other parts of Nigeria had been like Jos, surely
the colonialists would never have left the country
without a good fight. Many monuments abound in the
city which tell tales of the whitemar's love for this city
of solid minerals.

1. The presence of a wide variety of edible items in Jos suggests that

A. the inhabitants are great farmers and
innovators
B. the soil is extremely fertile and receptive
C. there is a high influx of traders and farmers from other places
D. it rains all the year round in the city and its environs.

2. The benevolence of Jos climate is reflected in the

A. feeling of peace and harmony with nature which the city evokes
B. cold climate of the city which makes people always dress warmly.
C. fact that the inhabitants of Jos do not need to work hard.
D. average life-span of the inhabitants of Jos, which is high

3. One distinctive ecological feature symbolizing the close intimacy between Jos and nature, is the
A. bright horizon adorning the city from every angle
B. rocky hills standing at various points of the city like castles
C. sun which shines over Jos with benevolence
D. cloud which spread a blanket of protection between the sun and the earth.

4. The last paragraph of the passage suggests that

A. the colonialists left Jos only after a fight
B. the colonialists left Jos reluctantly
C. Jos could not contain the many colonialists
D. Nigeria's independence forced many Colonialists out of Jos

5. 'The heat of Jos dances caressingly on the surface of the skin, as if afraid to hurt the organs
beneath'. This means in Jos it is
A. never hot
B. always cold
C. never uncomfortable
D. always warm

PASSAGE II
Population has at last made the grade and
emerged as a world problem. Unfortunately, most of
those who speak or write about it persists in thinking
of it in terms of a race between human numbers and
world resources, especially of food - a kind of
competition between production and reproduction.
Certainly, the statistics churned out are important,
revealing that indeed, there is a population explosion.
But the real explosion is a twentieth century
. phenomenon, due primarily to the spectacular
developments in medicine and hygiene. This has
drastically cut down death rates without any
corresponding reduction in birth rates; death control
without birth control. World population, we are told,
has more than doubled since 1900 and will certainly
reach well over 52 billion and possibly 7 billion by the
magical year 2000.
The population explosion has brought us up
against a number of tough ecological facts. Man is at
last pressing hard on his spatial environment - there
is little leeway left for his colonization of new areas of
the world's surface ....
What are people for? Surely people do not exist
just to provide 'bomb-fodder' for an atomic bonfire, or
‘religious-fodder' for rival religious sects, or 'canon-
fodder' for rival national armies, or rival political parties,
or even 'consumer-fodder' for profit-making systems.
It cannot be their aim just to eat, drink and be merry,
and to hell with posterity, nor live out their
undernourished lives in some squalid Asian or African
village.
Man's dominant aim must be to increase in quality
- quality of human personality, of achievement, of inner
experience, quality of life and of living in general.
'Fulfilment' is probably the embracing word; more
fulfilment, more satisfaction and less frustration for
more homo sapient. Man wants more varied and
fuller achievement in the society as opposed to
drabness and shrinkages. We want more knowledge and
more interest as against ignorance and apathy
Then, would we know that the spatial environment is
not small as we think.

6. The theme of the passage is

A. population explosion and development in medicine.
B. man in a deprived world
C. development in medicine and hygiene
D. population and the need for qualitative development

7. Population explosion is as a result of

А cut down in death rates and birth rates
B. lack of birth control and child welfare
C. development and the need for qualitative development
D. imbalance between control and birth control.

8. According to the passage, population explosion has brought man up against the ecological facts of
A. man's inhumanity to man, hunger and deprivation
B. pressing hard on the little available space
C. little leeway of man's colonization of people
D. squalid African villages

9. According to the passage, he main purpose of

human existence is
A. for procreation
B. to provide cannon-fodder
C. to live perpetually in penury
D. to live a life of fulfilment

10. 'Little leeway' can be replaced with

A not much extra space
B. no extra space
C. plenty of space
D. Scarcely any space

PASSAGE III
There is another interesting fact about eye
movement. If you record the eye movements of
someone who is reading, you will notice that, from
time to time, the reader goes back and looks again at
something he has read before; in other words, he
regresses to an earlier part of the text, probably
because he realizes he does not understand the
passage properly. Then he comes back to where he
left off and continues reading. At one time, it was thought
that regression was a fault, but it is in fact a very
necessary activity in efficient reading. There are
several different kinds of faults in reading, which are
usually more exaggerated with foreign learners. The
most common one is that most people read more
slowly than they should. There is no rate at which people
ought to read, of course; it depends on your purpose
in reading, how difficult the language is, how unfamiliar
the material and so on. But most people read
everything at the same slow speed, and do not seem
to realize that they can read faster or slower as
required. Other people say the words to themselves,
or move their lips - these habits slow the reader down
to something near speaking speed, which is, of course,
much slower than reading speed. Another habit which
can slow you down is following the line with your finger,
or with a pen.
If you
want to be able to read faster, the secret is
simply to practice under timed conditions. This means
that you should give yourself a certain amount of time
to read with understanding, then check your time when
you have finished. Students who have practiced fast
reading even for only an hour - a week,
have shown average improvements of over 50% over a term of ten
week's duration. Reading fast does not necessarily
mean reading with less comprehension
students usually show a small increase in
comprehension as well as a dramatic increase in speed.

Wallace, M.C: Study Skills in English, C.U.P. 1980]

11. The expression 'There is no rate at which people ought to read, of course .......'
.......' is used to

A. justify regression in reading

B. condemn slow reading habits
C. justify a variety of reading speeds
D. recommend regression in reading

12. According to the passage, the reader regresses so that he can-

A. look again at what he has read before
B. appreciate what he is reading
C. make sense of what he is reading
D. remember what he is reading

13. For effective reading, the writer implies that speaking speed is
A. normal
B. inadequate
C. necessary
D. significant

14. The word 'exaggerated', as used in the passage,

means
A
pronounced
B. problematic
C. falsified
D. compounded
15. The writer implies that when you read unfamiliar
material, your reading speed will be
A. faster
B. regular
C. irregular
D. slower

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each
gap.
On the 21st of June, 1994, the Director-General
received in his office a visitor, the first of its kind in his
life. Even though he really could not make any meaning
out of his name, the visitor's second statement that he
was a court ......16......(A. bailiff B. messenger C.
litigant D. clerk) readily gave the Director-General a
clear picture of the man's purpose. He immediately
gave to the Director-General two sets of papers. The
first was a .... 17.... (A. writ of summons B. subpoena
C. call notice D. letter] which was to notify the Director-
General that he and the agency he represented were
being sued for ......18...... [A. battery B. slander C.
libel D. contempt] and that he should seek the services
of a lawyer who would appear for him on the 6th of July
when the case was for mention.
The second paper was on a motion of
[A. summons B. order C. decision D. interlocutory
injunction) which, if granted by the court restrains the
Director-General or the
....20...... [A. defender
B. defendant C. litigant D. prosecution) from
publishing further anything on the staff of the ministry
or the ....21.... (A. witness B. exhibits C. plaintiffs
D. perjurer). The motion was also slated for 6th July.
court became alive as early as 8.30 a.m. as the .22.
On the day of the mention and the motion, the
(A. presiding judge B. court clerk C. justice D.
prosecutor) was known for his punctuality. He would
sit at exactly 9 a.m. The plaintiffs and their counsel were
the first to come into the court room, then came the
defence counsel. At the dot of the hour, three bangs
were heard, immediately after which the court clerk
announced the presence of the judge.

in no time the court clerk read out the case and

both counsels announced their ....23... (A. presence B.
appearances. arrivals D. interests). The counsel to
the plaintiffs moved his motion relying on a six-
paragraph ......24.... (A. oath B. affidavit C. presentation
D. arguments) which contained the facts of the case.
in response, the defence counsel argued on the
premise of an eight-paragraph
25.... [A. counter
declaration C. submission D.
summons). The motion was granted according to the
merit of the argument of the first lawyer.

In each of questions 26 to 35, select the option that

best explains the information conveyed in the sentence

26. If I left the country, I would arrange for my family to join me.
A. He left the country and his family joined him
B. In the event of his leaving the country, his family would join him
C. He did not leave the country and his family did not join him
D. He may not leave the country.

27. A state of mutual hatred existed for years between the two villages of Umuna and Ogboma.
A. Umuna hated Ogboma
B. Ogboma hated Umuna
C. Ogboma and Umuna hated themselves
D. Umuna and Ogboma hated each other

28. The painting in the museum was beautifully faked.

A. The painting was a good deceptive replica
B. The painting was well-framed and displayed
C. The painting was deceptively decorated in the museum
D. The painting was carefully hung in the museum

29. Ade: Do you mind if I sit down here?

Bola: Well, yes, I do actually
A. Bola is reluctantly granting the request
B. Bola is willingly accepting the request
C. Bola is certainly rejecting the request
D. Bola is objecting to the request.

30. The President held forth for several minutes on the need for patriotism.
A. The president was silent for some minutes when patriotism was being discussed
B. The President whispered a few things about patriotism
C. The President spent time saying a few things about patriots
D. The President gave a rather long speech on the importance of patriotism

31. The slide in the price of gold in the world market has left the industry reeling.
А. The gradual fall in gold price is making the industry unstable.
B. The stability in gold price is making the industry stagnant
C. The decline in gold price is making the industry redundant
D. The increase in gold price is making the industry to boom

32. Fabricated statements published as truths amount to an abuse of press freedom.

A. To make known what is not true is aggressive to press freedom
B. Publishing formulated untruths is misused press freedom
C. Unplanned publicized untruths are a misuse of the freedom of the press
D. Press freedom is based on published untruths

33. The expected guests arrived at the eleventh hour

A The guests arrived at the last minute
B. The guests arrived at 11 o'clock
C. The guests arrived at the expected time
D. The guests arrived eleven hours behind schedule.

34. After addressing the court for two hours, the defence counsel rested her case.
A. The defence counsel was tired after speaking for two house, so she took a break.
B. The judge adjourned the defence counsel's case after listening for two hours
C. The defence counsel concluded her defence after speaking for two hours
D. The judge advised the defence counsel to rest after two hours of address.

35. Benjamin exclaimed, 'if it is Napoleon who said it, it must be right.'
A. Benjamin never believes what Napoleon says
B. Benjamin does not know what is right unless Napoleon says it
C. Napoleon always says what Benjamin believes to be right
D. Benjamin thinks that Napoleon always says the right thing

In each of questions 36 to 53, choose the most appropriate option opposite in meaning to the word
or phrase in italics.

36. The chairman's verdict redressed injustice meted out by the secretary.
A corrected
B. restored
C. aggravated
D. addressed

37. Uche could not travel last December because of the severity of the harmattan.
A. cold
B. mildness C. warmth
D. moderation.
C. angry

38. Travelling in the night can be an ordeal

А. a great exercise
B. a great fear
C. a great endurance
D. a great pleasure

39. Mrs. Kofi is very provocative in her style of dressing.

A. modest
B. happy
D. beautiful

40. Akoso thought that her father was very callous

A. indifferent
B. Compassionate
C. wicked
D. careless

41. 'The Lions' of Cameroun is really an indomitable team

A. a powerful
B. a prominent
C. a weak
D. a cowardly

42. To almost everyone in the little village, Ada's behaviour was most odious
A. repulsive
B. difficult
C. attractive
D. charming

43. Aduma was so vociferous during the meeting of the congregation that he succeeded in incurring
the wrath of the chairman.
А. anger
B. admiration
C. displeasure
D. sympathy

44. It was an inopportune moment for you to make

that suggestion.
A. an ideal
B. a wrong
C. an exact
D. a sad

45. He devoted too much time to the peripheral

aspects.
A. unimportant
B. superficial
C. minor
D. main

46. The climate of Nigeria is an enervating one.

A. a weakening
B. an energy sapping
C. an invigorating
D. a sluggish

47. The girl's idiosyncrasy was a passion for bread and butter
A. stupid outburst
B. general tendency
C. singular characteristic
D. occupational calling

48. Once he has decided that something needs doing, my brother is very unswerving of purpose.
A. erratic
B. tenacious
C. stubborn
D. simple

49. Those were the days of the fallacy that some languages are primitive while others are not
A. argument
B. excuse
C. misconception
D. truth

50. She is immune to the flattery of young men.

А. resistant
B. susceptible
C. insensible
D. unresponsive

51. Events in South Africa indicate a kind of political renascence

A. rejuvenation
B. decline
C. turbulence
D. upheaval

52. If we must live together as one people, we must

learn to tolerate disparate dispositions.
A. converging
B. accommodating
C. conflicting
D. opposing

53. The presidential aspirant warned of the political catastrophe that would follow if the elections were
rigged.
A. problem
B. turmoil
C. success
D. conflagration

In each of questions 54 to 73, choose the option nearest

in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics.

54. The material in the book is presented with an

eclectic framework.
A. a simple
B. a broad
C. a restricted
D. a clumsy

55. Ohiokhen had a brainwave as to how she could deal with the problem,
A. an imagination
B. a desire
C. a headache
D. an idea

56. Surely, Ahmed is a ball of fire.

A. a quarrelsome person
B. a hot-hearted activist
C. a fiery speaker or writer
D. a very energetic person
57. This time, she will be competing with a dark horse.
A. a weak and low-spirited person
B. a person about whom little is known
C. an unpopular candidate
D. a person as strong as a horse

58. In answer to the question as to how life is treating him, the stranger said 'it never rains but it pours"
A. the blessings of life shower on him like a heavy rain
B. he is contented with his improved fortunes
C. things are getting decidedly worse
D. his financial status is deteriorating

59. After many years of struggle as a trader, he struck

gold
Α. became quite rich
B. won a big contract
C. became a gold miner
D. became a goldsmith

60. One significant characteristic of the jet age is that it encourages people to cut comers
A not to face all problems
B. to want to become rich quickly
C. to want to avoid necessary hardships
D. not to do the proper thing at the right time.

61. Any student found guilty of examination malpractice should be allowed to stew in his own juice
A. taste a repeat of the examination
B. suffer the consequences of his action
C. bear the brunt of the disgrace
D. forfeit the opportunity of further education.

62. The lady who won the beauty contest had a good gait.
A stature
B. figure
C. elegance
D. carriage

63. It would need a high flyer to make a first class

degree in university.
А a smart performer B. an outright genius
PC. an outstanding scholar
D. an unmitigated swot

64. What you will find in the book is a bird's eye view of the subject.
А a detailed account
B. a balanced discussion
C. a biased treatment
D. a general survey

65. Hers was a chequered career

A. an interesting and successful career
B. a career full of sorrow and tears
C. a bright and memorable career
D. a career full of ups and downs
66. If experience is anything to go by, this action will
prove a political minefield
A source of political benefits
B. a way out of political trouble
C. a cause of political joy
D. an invitation to political problems

67. In my view, the play didn't come off.

A. succeed
B. fail
C. attract pleasure
D. take place

68. When the chips are down, we will know those who have the courage to stand.
A. When we get to crisis point
B. In the final analysis
C. When the blocks are lowered
D. When we get to the end of the road.

69. She said boxing is in fact her pet aversion

A. something she likes very much
B. something she dislikes very much
C. a hobby she loves to pursue
D. one thing she can't miss

70. The gateman does his work perfunctorily.

A without commitment
B. with speed
C. grudgingly
D. enthusiastically

71. Members of the panel were working at cross purposes

А. in harmony
B. in disunity
C. for selfish purpose
D. for selfless purposes

72. The young man who distributed political pamphlets on campus was promptly repudiated.
A. disowned
B. arrested
C. warned
D. killed

73. Adayi is a die-hard criminal.

A. hard to kill
B. hard to arrest
C. remorseless
D. relentless

In each of questions 74 to 100, fill each gap with the

most appropriate option from the list following the gap.

74. In moments of serious economic hardship, many

people are (A. concerned B. inclined
C. disposed D. propended) to turn to God.
75. We cannot all wear expensive shoes in a situation
of ........ (A. divergent demand and supply
B. uneven wear and tear C. differing purchasing
power D. unpredictable national income).
76. That center-forward was ...... (A. in an off-side
position B. very well positioned C. a brilliant
player D. the captain of the team): consequently
the goal was not disallowed.
77. AIDS is ... [A. too much a deadly B. a very
deadly a C. so deadly a D. such deadly a
disease that it kills slowly but surely.
78. We had a dull evening because ........
...... (A. hardly
the talk had begun when the lights went off.
B. hardly had the talk begun when the lights went
off C. the talk had hardly begun when the lights
had gone out D. the lights had hardly gone out
when the talk began).
79. Soyinka's masterful ...... [A. evocation B. invocation
C. convocation D. revocation) of the atmosphere
of his childhood helped to make his book, Ake, an
overnight success.
80. Students will always blame their teachers when
examination results are unfavorable..... (A. won't
they B. wouldn't they C. isn't it D. can't they]
81. Okonkwo is a stubborn man; he will never (A.
chew B. spit C. eat D. bite) his words.
me your book because my friend has
(A. borrow/borrowed B. borrow/lent C. lend/
lent D. lend/borrowed] mine.
83. Three quarters of the church. (A. Were B. was
C. is D. are) painted by members the previous
82. Kindly
day.
84. Two young boys have been caught with parts of
the stolen machine but ...... A. neither of them
has B. neither of them have C. none of them has
D. none of them have] admitted stealing it.
85. Watching carefully, I could see the fish ..... [A. doting
B. crawling C. diving D. darting) along the bottom.
86. Emeka is now a ...... student but it took him years to....... (A. matured/mature B. mature/mature
C. mature/
matured D.; matured/matured).
87. The rebels will soon fight back. We have been
informed their ... (A. off/predicament B.
about/indulgence C. on/rearmament D. as for/
advancement]
88. Ali was honest and quiet as a schoolboy, but too
much drinking has now changed his ...... and ......
[A. temperature/injured. B. character/tightened
C. temperament/loosened D. innocence/
worsened] his tongue.
89. The hospital was closed ....... because there were
no beds to put patients ...... [A. again/upon B. off
on C. down/at D. upline).
90. The judge with his son .... (A. were B. shall
C. is D. are) travelling to Lagos now.
91. A university teacher is an ....... [A. academic
B. academics C. academician D. academia).
92. The adventurers ran into many ....... (A. dear
B. dears C. deers D. deer) in the forest
93. The argument between the two neighbours
degenerated into ......... (A. a free to all B. a free
fight C. a flee for all D. a free for all fight).
94. The class ........ (A. comprised of B. comprises of
C. comprise D. comprises) more girls than boys
this session.
95. The tourist bought ....... (A. brown small Nigerian
earthen pot B. a small brown Nigerian earthen
pot C. an earthen brown small Nigerian pot D. a
Nigerian small brown earthen pot).
96. I have already ........'[A. hanged B. hunged
C. hang D. hung) the picture on the sitting-room
wall.
97. Most of us will attend the conference ...... [A. holding
B. held C. being held D. to hold] at Ibadan later
this year.
98. I shall work hard so that I can ......... [A. secure
B. make C. receive D. grab) a distinction in
English.
99. The baby was rather ..... [A. much more
troublesome B.much too troublesome C. SO
much troublesome D. very much troublesome)
than I could bear.
100. Students were forbidden ...... [A. from joining
B. in joining C. to join D. on joining) any secret
Society.

JAMB ENGLISH 1999

Read the passages carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
If present trends continue, the world would face major crises by end of the century: insufficient cheap
convenient energy. For without such energy, industrial production will fall, agricultural output will drop,
transport will be restricted and standard of living in developed countries will plummet. At present, almost all
our energy comes from fossil fuels. The earth’s reserves of fossil fuels have been formed from organic matter
subjected to enormous heat and pressure of millions of years. But such reserves are finite. Because power
demand is increasing very rapidly, fossil fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time. We can estimate
the amount of recoverable fuel under the surface of the earth and we know the rate at which it is being
extracted. Fairly simple calculation can therefore determine its remaining life. If present trends continue, gas
and oil reserves will be exhausted by the middle of the 21st century-about 70 years from now. Similar
estimates for coal and wood reserves suggest a projected supply of 250-300 years. Of course long before fossil
fuels are exhausted, demand will greatly exceed supply.

For too many years, the world has consumed fossil fuels with little thought for the future. In fact, world
energy consumption increased almost 600% between 1900 and 1965 and it is projected to increase by
another 450% between 1965 and the year 2000. Crude oil has been pumped out of the ground for about 100
years, but over half of it is been consumed in the past 18 years. Coal has been mined for over 800 years, but
over a half of it has been extracted in the past 37 years. In sum, most of the world’s consumption of energy
from fossil fuels throughout history has taken place within living memory.
(Ray Williams: Panorama)

1. From the writer's description of the world energy situation, we may conclude that
A. developing nations will soon experience poverty
B. demand for recoverable fuel will plummet
C. consumption has not affected production
D. decline had not affected demand

2. The writer seems to suggest that developed nations should

A. always calculate a fossil fuel's remaining life
B. reduce industrial and agricultural production
C. reduce dependence on fossil fuels
D. review industrial dependence on energy

3. fossil fuels as used in the passage includes

A. wood, kerosine and natural gas
B. oil, coal and natural gas
C. lignite, butane and charcoal
D. wood, coal and oil

4. The writer warns that the world could

A. lose all its oil reserves in a matter of years
B. face energy crisis soon if production is not stepped up
C. experience scarcity and low energy price soon
D. face low energy supply and poor agricultural output

5. The expression 'standard of living in developed countries will plummet' means

A. the economy of rich nations will stagnate
B. economic life will improve in rich nations
C. purchasing power will decline sharply in rich nations
D. people in developed nations will experience boom

PASSAGE II
When Thomas Jefferson wrote in the American Declaration of independence that ‘all men are created equal’,
he was not seeking to describe men’s endowments, but their political and legal rights. He was not saying that
men do not differ from one another in the powers and dimensions of their bodies, minds and characters. He
was asserting that despite variations and differences, they all possessed the right to equal political and legal
treatment. We must however, ask of what real values are political and legal equality to a man who has no
bread to eat , no clothes to wear, no roof to shelter him, no chance to earn a livelihood? What we understand
as a democratic society must provide for its citizen’s minimum status protection in his deprivation, losses and
fears.

In our time, the nations of the democratic world have installed elaborate system of social security and
welfare, ranging from compensation for industrial accidents to subsidize housing, unemployment insurance,
old age pension, psychiatric care and national health services. It is encouraging that the democratic nations
are making a serious effort to provide against the characteristic losses and disasters of human life.

The evolving status of the Negro in America is attracting the attention of the champions of equality. Much
has been written on the wrongs, injustice and inequalities of the coloured citizen of the USA and much
remains to be said because the history of this struggle for human rights is still unfolding.

6. It could be deduced from the passage that

A. citizens have equal political and legal treatment in America
B. the nations of the democratic world have no political and legal hierarchy
C. democratic nations are expanding the provision of social welfare
D. equality obliterates differences and variations among races and nations

7. According to the passage, a democratic nation is one which

A. arranges welfare packages for every citizen
B. absorbs the negro into its political structure
C. grants equality to citizens
D. ensures social-political and legal equality for every citizen
8. One of the social services provided by democratic nations is
A. catering for beggars and outcasts
B. social welfare schemes
C. protection from human rights abuses
D. security against national disasters

9. From the passage, it is obvious that

A. there is a hierarchy of rights
B. all men possess the right to equal political affiliation
C. there is deprivation in the society
D. the negro in America are champions of equality

86
10. A suitable tittle for the passage is
A. democracy
B. discrimination
C. equality
D. freedom

PASSAGE III
In many places in the world today, the poor are getting poorer while the rich are getting richer and the
programmes of development planning and foreign aid appear to be unable to reverse this trade. Nearly all the
developing countries have a modern sector, where the pattern of living and working are similar to those in
developed countries. But they also have a non-modern sector where the patterns of living and working are
not only unsatisfactory but in many cases are even getting worse.

what is the typical condition of the poor in developing countries? Their work opportunities are so limited
that they cannot work their way out of their situation. They are underemployed or totally unemployed. When
they do find occasional works, their productivity is extremely low. Some of them have land but often too little
land. Many have no land and no prospect of ever getting any. There is no hope for them in the rural areas and
so, they drift into the big cities. But there is no work for them in the big cities either-and of course no housing.
All the same, they flock into cities because their chances of finding some work appear to be greater there than
in the village, where they are nil. Rural unemployment then produces mass migration into cities, rural
unemployment becomes urban unemployment.
 The problem can be stated quite simply: what can be done to promote economic growth outside the big
cities, in the small towns and villages which still contain 80 to 90% of the total population? The primary need
is workplace, literally millions of workplaces.
(Ray Williams: Panorama)

11. The expression 'work their way out of their situation' means
A. walk from one village to another
B. migrate from village to city
C. work their way out of their village
D. change their circumstances

12. Where are the rich getting richer and the poor poorer?
A. in nearly all developing countries
B. in a majority of countries in the world
C. in developing countries with modern sectors
D. in countries with non-modern sectors

13. Underemployment among the villagers refers to

A. lack of sufficient land for everyone
B. low productivity when working
C. fewer people for many jobs
D. more people for fewer jobs

14. The gap between the rich and the poor widens because there
A. are no jobs in the rural areas
B. are no employment opportunities in the city
C. is not work in the village and the city
D. is low growth rate in productivity

15. Migration to the city among villagers is caused by

A. attraction of the city
B. low productivity in the village
C. inadequate job opportunities in the village
D. shortage of land for cultivation

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided.
Choose the most appropriate for each gap. Each question carries 2 marks.

Publishing is the fast growing business in Nigeria and there are therefore, many publishing houses all over the
country. When ……..16……..[A. an article B. an essay C. a book D. a manuscript]. is submitted by an author,
the publisher sends it to ……..17……..[A. an assessor B. an evaluator C. a checker D. an examiner] to know if it
is actually publishable. This is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches
the ……18…..[A. market B. audience C. students D. shops] when it is eventually published. In a good
publishing house, there is …….19……[A. an error-proof B. an editor C. a lithographic D. an evaluation] section
which is concerned with……..20……[A. proof-reading B. reading over C. scanning over D. skimming over] the
manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is ………21…….[A.
typewritten B. typeset C. double-spaced D. single-spaced] in readiness for …….22…..[A. photocopying B.
Xeroxing C. filming D. printing].

The printed ……..23……[A. items B. bulletin C. copies D. specimen] are then stored in the warehouse and a
few of them may be sent to the author as ……..24……[A. complementary B. complimentary C.
acknowledgement D. sample] copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of
production but also to make some gains, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain
percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as ……..25……[A. royalty B. honorarium C.
dividend D. interest].

Select the correct option for the space numbered 16 in the above passage
A. an article
B. an essay
C. a book
D. a manuscript

Select the correct option for the space numbered 17 in the above passage
A. an assessor
B. an evaluator
C. a checker
D. an examiner

Select the correct option for the space numbered 18 in the above passage
A. market
B. audience
C. students
D. shops

Select the correct option for the space numbered 19 in the above passage
A. an error-proof
B. an editor
C. a lithographic
D. an evaluation

Select the correct option for the space numbered 20 in the above passage
A. proof-reading
B. reading over
C. scanning over
D. skimming over

Select the correct option for the space numbered 21 in the above passage
A. typewritten
B. typeset
C. double-spaced
D. single-spaced

Select the correct option for the space numbered 22 in the above passage
A. photocopying
B. xeroxing
C. filming
D. printing

Select the correct option for the space numbered 23 in the above passage
A. items
B. bulletin
C. copies
D. specimen

Select the correct option for the space numbered 24 in the above passage
A. complementary
B. complimentary
C. acknowledgement
D. sample

Select the correct option for the space numbered 25 in the above passage
A. royalty
B. honorarium
C. dividend
D. interest

In each of questions 26-30, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence. Each question carries 2 marks.

26. The horizon may not be clear now, but the

troubled spots have certainly been noted
A. The horizon is dependent on the troubled spots
B. Clarity of the horizon is dependent on the perception of the troubled sports
C. The troubled sports are more perceptible than the horizon
D. Horizon, clarity of the troubled spots and
certainty are remarkably noted
27. The crowd in the hall is intimidating
A. The crowd is frightening
B. The crowd is angry
C. The crowd is overwhelming
D. The crowd is riotous

28. The manager said that the new loaf was the last word in bakery
A. The loaf was the best ever baked
B. The loaf was the last to be baked
C. The loaf was the worst to have been baked
D. The loaf was the last in the baker's directory
29. Hundreds of used items will go under the hammer during the weekend
A. Unserviceable goods will be publicly destroyed at the weekend.
B. Impounded household items will be sold to the public before the weekend
C. Damaged items will be sold next weekend
D. Many old items will be auctioned this weekend

30. The reformists say elections cannot be free and fair unless a number of constitutional changes
are effected.
A. Reformation depends on constitutional
changes
B. Free and fair elections depend on law reforms
C. Free and fair elections are the primary concern of the reformists
D. Effecting constitutional changes is dependent on electoral reforms

(Questions 31 - 100 carry 1mark each) In each of questions 31 to 49, choose the option opposite in
meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics

31. After the surgical operation, the doctor gave the

indication that Mr. Idogo will pull through
A. be maimed
B. survive
C. die
D. be revived

32. His cruelty to his mother defies logical

explanation
A. demands
B. offers
C. projects
D. precludes

33. The tennis player surreptitiously swapped rackets after the first set
A. openly retained
B. overtly exchanged
C. quietly surrendered
D. violently swung 20

34. They attacked all regulations designed to

emasculate student militancy
A. condone
B. isolate
C. punish
D. strengthen

35. There is no point dissipating energy on a useless

argument
A. destroying
B. conserving
C. marshalling
D. storing

36. The secretary runs down anybody that does

not sing his praises
A. hates
B. pleases badet
C. honours
D. discredits

37. Everyone, including the Principal, believed that he was a very assiduous student
A. Assertive
B. industrious
C. aggressive
D. casual

38. The dancing troupe put up a flawless performance

A. an interesting
B. an imperfect
C. a satisfactory
D. a careless

39. My brother married a loquacious woman

A. quiet
B. noisy
C. talkative
D. beautiful

40. My eldest brother is now faced with the vicissitudes of married life
A amazement
B. sweetness
D. stability
c. amiability
41. My father's advices to me was quite invaluable
A. useless
B. useful
C. helpful
D. unsolicited

42. The Minister has finally been dropped from the present cabinet because of his ignoble act
A. criminal
B. ignorant
C honorable
D. selfish

43. There is much indifference in his behavior

A. concern
B. nonchalance
C. willingness
D. inconsistency

44. Most warring countries end up in state of

satiation
A hunger
B. thirst
C. danger
D. famine

45. The officer asked for a more temperate

assessment of the matter
A. extreme
B. moderate
C. radical
D. humane

46. The lecturers were advised to carry out a cursory

survey of Nigerian languages
A. detailed study
B. careful teaching
C. careful description
D. partial consideration

47. Musa hates Hadiza for her constant bellicose behaviour

A. violent
B. gentle
C. meet
D. troublesome

48. Abdul is fond of his teacher though he

sometimes makes derogatory remarks about
him
A. unpleasant
B. complimentary
C. expressive
D. inconsiderate

49. Orinya balances the pail on her head with accustomed ease
A. convincing
B. surprising
C. unwary
D. usual

In each of questions 50 to 64, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in
Italics.

50. They have tried to circumvent the restriction on

the importation of the commodities
A. bypass
B. confront
C. oppose
D. challenge

51. It was surprising how we took to the stranger at

once
A. talked so long with
B. introduced ourselves
C. formed a liking for
D. started fighting

52. The government is not opening up to the unions in the negotiations, it must have something up
its sleeve
A. be nursing a hidden agenda
B. be hoping to trap them
C. be hiding a last minute package
D. be intending to dissolve the unions

53. The College Officer insisted that I show him my credentials before I could be registered
A. papers
B. qualifications
C. testimonials
D. identities

54. Even though there is no obvious riot on the campus, the atmosphere is restive
A. quiet
B. chaotic
C. restless
D. tense

55. When he found himself in a difficult situation, he tried to double-talk his way through
A. talk to two people to help him
B. mix up issues to sound nervous
C. mix up facts to confuse people
D. talk twice to gain sympathy

56. Mr. Dzokoto plays the piano with great dexterity

A. wisdom
B. power
C. force
D. skill

57. Amina said she married a doting husband

A. a loving
B. a fun-loving
C. an uncaring
D. a nagging

58. Adamu woke up with a start and took to his heels, claiming that something was on his trail
A. in his food
B. giving him the chase
C. hiding near the bed
D. staring at him

59. The man preaches egalitarianism without matching it up with action

A. salvation
B. dedication
C. kindness
D. equality

60. The prosecutor was accused of obstructing

justice
A. hindering
B. retarding
C. impending
D. interrupting

61. The Federal Government approved a new salary structure as an incentive for the
Nigerian workers
A. a reward
B. an encouragement
C. a package
D. an advance

62. Before embarking on his current research, the professor carried out a feasibility study of the area
A. thorough
B. perfectibility
C. complete
D. practicability

63. It was a spending spree for all of us when daddy hit the jackpot
A cashed his cheque
B. received his salary
C. found money in a pot
D. won a lot of money

64. All the accident victims are bleeding profusely

A. slowly
B. excessively
C. diffusely
D. clearly

In questions 65 to 89, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided.

65. It was late when we decided to get

(A. off B. down C. out of D. out from the train

66. The accident was due to [A. negligence

B. negligible
C. negligent D. neglectable] driving by the defendant.

67. My friend and I have been quarrelling since

yesterday and we haven't (A. made it out B. made out C. made it
D. made it up) yet.

68. He is so credulous [A. to believe B. that he

believes C. in order to believe D. since he believes) my story about the ghost.
69. The group never felt strong enough to act in the open;
... (A. covert B. overt C. vicious D. erratic] hostility was the hallmark of their resistance

70. The freed robber expressed his gratitude in a

[A spurious B. spasmodic C. spontaneous D. sporadic] prayer of thanksgiving.

71. He boasts so much about his high scores and

.....(A. scorns B. sneers C. grins D. smiles) at the efforts of others.

72. The visitor was very uncomfortable because of

his (A. runny B. running C. watery D. flowing] nose.

73. Although the Officer wanted a ........ report on the matter, he got (A. truthful/an uninteresting B. truthful/
an unpleasant C. genuine/a ridiculous D. painstaking a half-heated) account.

74. Immediately I entered the house, I could....... (A. feel B. hear C. detect D. smell the smell of gas from the
kitchen.

75. lam....... (A. seeking on B. seeking for C. seeking at

D. seeking ) admission to the university this year.

76. Some robbers are on the prowl, we must be

[A. alert B, at alert C. on the alert D. for alert]

77. Mrs. Ojo was one of .........

[A. the first two enlightened young ladies
B. the two first enlightened young ladies
C. the two first young enlightened ladies
D. the first two young enlightened ladies] in my village

78. My friend's car has (A. grinded B. grounded

C. ground D. grind to a halt

79. By twelve midnight, we will be (A. air bounded

B. airborne C. air horned D. airborne

80. The old man's speech had become completely….

A. incomprehensible B. uncomprehensive
C. incomprehensive D. incomprehensible

81. His chances in the games....... [A. have been B.

has been C. have being D. has being) seriously jeopardized
82. We found it difficult to identify him as the crowd
was ...... [A. head to head B. head above head
C. shoulder from shoulder D. shoulder to shoulder] around him.

83. The principal expressed his when the students broke the rules......... (A. anger/ everyday B. frustration /
time and again C. disappointmentI understandably D. powerlessness / occasionally) and he didn't know how
to stop them.

84. They were all behaving like a bunch of .....

[A. quarulous B. gurrulous C. gurrullous
D. quarrelous] children.

85. Our economic programme is [A. deeply root

in B. root in deep C. rooted in a deep D. deeply
rooted in deep) commitment to Nigeria's economic growth.

86. You would be well [A. informed B. advised C.

reminded D. warned] to listen to what the
teacher says.

87. Ndem was....... suspended from work because

he showed no [A. love B. interest C. character
D. finesse) in dealing with the customers

88. Aggrieved persons are free to seek ........

A reparation B. redress C. consolation D. acquittal) in the court of law.

89. After two years of courtship, Jide is finally

[A. being married to B. marrying C. married
to D. being married by] Ngozi next Sunday

90. In questions 90 and 91, identify the word that

has a different stress pattern from the others.
A. Interlocutor B. Opportunity C. Ambiguity
D. Actualization

91. A. Interrupt B. Contribute C. Harmattan D. Entertain

In each of question 92 to 94, the word in capital letters has an emphatic stress. Choose the option that best
fits the expression in the sentence.

92. The fire destroyed MANY lives

A. Did the fire destroy the village?
B. Did the fire destroy some houses?
C. Did the fire destroy any lives?
D. Did the fire spare any lives?

93. The accused hasn't even been TRIED yet.

A. Was the accused sentenced to life imprisonment?
B. Has the suspect been apprehended?
C. Why hasn't the accused been tried yet?
D. Was the accused handed over to the police?

94. The electricity in OUR premises comes from a

generator
A. is the electricity in your compound supplied
bobby a generator?
B. Is the electricity in your neighbour's premises
supplied by a generator?
C. Does the electricity in your premises come
from NEPA?
D. Does everybody in your street receive
electricity from generators?

In each of questions 95 to 97, choose from the options the word that has the same vowel sound as the one
represented by the letter(s) underlined

95. Rust
A. loud B. touch C. bought D. marsh

96. Research
A. disturb B. comfort C. affair D. carrò

97. Plateau
A. wanted 8. below C. holiday D. haunted

In each of questions 98 to 100, choose the word that does not have the same vowel sound as the others

98. A. deep B. lease C. meet D. lace

99. A. loot B. boot C. rout D. route

100. A. sun B. shun C. son D. short

JAMB ENLISH 2000

Read passage I, II, III carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
You would think that common cold should be easy enough to study, but it is not as easy as it looks. Colds
often seem to spread from one person to another, so it is often assumed that the cold must be infectious but
there are some puzzling observations which do not fit with this theory. An investigator in Holland examined
some eight thousand volunteers from different areas and came to the conclusion that in each group the colds
all appeared at the same time-transfer of infection from case to case not account for that. Yet at the common
cold research unit in Salisbury the infection theory has been tested out, two series of about two hundred
people each were inoculated, one with salt water and the other with secretion from known cold victims. Only
one of the sail-water group got a cold compared with seventy-three in the other group.
 In the British Medical Journal the other day, there was a report of a meeting. ‘The common cold-fact and
fancy’, at which one of the speakers reported a study of colds made in Cirencester over the last five years.
Three hundred and fifty volunteers had kept diary records of their colds and on an average each had seven
every year with an annual morbidity of seventy days. So nearly one-fifth of our lives are spent in more or less
misery, coughing and sneezing. Some widely held beliefs about the common cold have turned out to be true.
It seems that old people are just as liable to cold as the young. Sailors in isolated weather ships have just as
many colds while on board and not in contact with the outside world as when on shore. It is truism that
common illnesses pose more problems than the rare. The rare disease is by comparison much easier to
handle. There are not so many cases and all of them have been intensively studied. Someone has read up all
the literature about the disease and published a digest of it. There will be more facts and fewer fancies.
Miss Howard: The spectator

1. From the information in the passage, there is evidence

A. against the theory that the common cold is indeed infectious
B. for the theory that the common cold is indeed infectious
C. that old people are immune against the common cold
D. that medical reports are silent on facts about common colds

2. According to the writer, some widely held beliefs about the common colds are
A. inevitable
B. irreconcilable
C. fallacious
D. societal

3. The cirencester volunteers kept record of their colds through

A. the British medical journal
B. mobility rates
C. temperature recordings
D. personal diaries

4. A rare disease can be more easily dealt with than the common cold because
A. medical experts are fed up with the rampant cases of common colds
B. people easily develop resistance to the common colds
C. adequate research exists to uncover facts about such rare diseases
D. common colds are easily not the province of the orthodox medical experts

5. Which of the following statements can be implied from the passage?

A. people catch more colds in winter
B. the origin of colds is inconclusive
C. people catch more colds in warm weather
D. people catch colds equally in warm and cold weather

PASSAGE II
 Young men have strong passions, and tend to gratify them indiscriminately. Of the bodily desires, it is the
sexual by which they are most swayed and in which they show absence of self-control. They are changeable
and fickle in their desires, which are violent while they last but quickly over; their impulse are keen bot not
deep-rooted and are like sick people’s attacks of hunger and thirst. They are hot-tempered and quick-
tempered and apt to give way to their anger; bad temper often gets the better of them, for owing to their
love of honour they cannot bear slighted and are indignant if they imagine themselves unfairly treated. While
they love honour, they love victory still more, for youth is eager for superiority over other and victory is one
form of this. They love both more than they love money which indeed they love very little not having yet
learnt what it means to be without it. They look at the good side rather than the bad, not having yet
witnessed many instances of wickedness. They trust others readily because they have not yet been cheated.
They are sanguine; nature warms their blood as though with excess of wine and besides that, they have as yet
met with few dis appointments. Their lives are mainly spent not in memory but in expectation for youth has a
long future before it and a short past behind it: on the first day of one’s life, one has nothing at all to
remember and can only look forward. They are easily cheated owing to the sanguine disposition just
mentioned. Their hot tempers and hopeful dispositions make them more courageous than older men are; the
hot temper prevents fear and the hopeful disposition creates confidence. We cannot feel fear so long as we
are feeling angry and any expectation of good makes us confident.
Aristotle’s Youth and Old-age P 197

6. The writer says that young people are optimistic in their dealings with people because they are
A. steadfast
B. courageous
C. discreet
D. reckless

7. The expression ''not in memory but in expectation'' as used in the passage implies
A. innocence, not experience
B. future not present
C. past not present
D. hopelessness not hopefulness

8. According to the passage, young men are

A. violet when they have sexual desires
B. active and restive until they satisfy their sexual desires
C. indignant and fickle in satisfying their sexual desires
D. hot-tempered when they are hungry or thirsty

9. The analogy between young men and sick people is that

A. they are easily swayed by emotions
B. they are easily controlled by hunger and thirst
C. their emotions are active but short-lived
D. they are apt to give way to anger
10. The statement 'nature warms their blood as though with excess of wine', as used in the text means
A. act with considerable confidence
B. respond with suspicion and alertness
C. behave shamelessly like a drunkard
D. move with care and self-control

PASSAGE III
Time was when boys used to point toy guns and say ‘Bang’. Now, they aim real guns and shoot one another.
Nearly 4,200 teenagers were killed by firearms in 1990. Only motor vehicle accidents kill most teenagers than
firearms and the firearms figures are rising. The chance that a black male between the ages of 15 and 19 will
be killed by a gun has almost tripled since 1985 and almost double for white males, according to the National
Centre for Health Statistics.

Who could disagree with Health and Human services secretary, Donna Shalala, when she pronounced these
statistics ‘frightening and intolerable?’. In the shameful light of this ‘waste of young lives’ in Ms. Shalala’s
words, an often-asked question seems urgently due to be raised again. Would less violence on television, the
surrounding environment for most children and young adults make violence in actual life less normal, less
accepted, less horrifying?

It may be difficult to prove an exact correlation between the viewer of fantasized violence and the criminal
who acts out violence after turning off the set. But if the premise of education is granted-that good models
can influence the young-then it follows that bad models can have an equivalent harmful effect. This is the
reasonable hypothesis held, by 80 per cent of the respondents to a recent Time Mirror [poll who think that
violent entertainment is ‘harmful’ to the society. Witness enough mimed shootouts; see enough ‘corpses’ fall
across the screen and the taking of a human life seems no big deal. Even if a simple causal relationship cannot
be established between watching violence and acting it out, is not this numbed sensitivity reason enough for
cutting back on the overkill in films and TV?

11. From the passage, it can be inferred that since 1985

A. more black males between the ages of 15 and 19 have been killing one another with guns
B. more black males between the ages 15 and 19 have been getting killed by guns
C. more white than black males have been getting killed by guns
D. more black than white males have been killing one another with guns

12. In secretary Donna Shalala's view, the situation depicted by the statistics is
A. tense and reassuring
B. topical and intimidating
C. alarming and unbearable
D. disturbing and conductive
13. The writer says 'the firearms figure are rising' because
A. more teenagers are now getting killed by firearms than by motor vehicle accidents
B. firearms now have figures that are terribly high
C. more teenagers now carry firearm than used to be the case
D. more teenagers are now getting killed by firearm than used to be the case

14. What will actually be proved 'if the premise of education is granted'?
A. entertainment on television is harmful to society
B. violence on television encourages violence in real life
C. good models can influence the young
D. the viewer of fantasizes violence is the criminal who acts out violence

15. The writer uses 'numbed sensitivity' to refer to

A. deadening of the capacity to feel
B. objectionable behaviour
C. heartlessness on the part of actors
D. unreasonable violence

PASSGE IV

The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided.
Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.
With the most profound respect to the members of the senate, I do not think that it is within the competence
of that………16…….[A. executive B. judicial C. administrative D. legislative] body to pass a motion
to……..17…….[A. enforce B. nullify C. modify D. order] the executive action of the president. The senate
is……..18…….[A. a wing B. a portion C. an anchor D. an arm] of the National Assembly. But it is not by itself
alone the National Assembly. One can imagine the confusion which would be created if the……..19……..[A.
House of Representative B. Judiciary C. National Assembly D. Executive council] were to take a view
dramatically opposed to that reflected in the senate resolution. The strongest objection to the action of the
senate is passing the resolution is the fact that it constituted itself the………20…… [A. litigant B. defendant C.
plaintiff D. attorney] as well as the judge of the constitutionality of the action of the president. The function
of the senate is to…….21….. [A. enact B. create C. compose D. annul] laws. But the senate has no authority
or…….22…..[A. might B. power C. dynamism D. strength] to control the President in the exercise of
his…….23……[A. official B. authoritative C. judicial D. executive] powers. It cannot by a mere resolution or
motion give any direction to the president regarding the exercise of his powers or can it undo what the
president has done in the executive of those powers. The only way in which the exercise of the powers of the
president can be……..24…….[A. modified B. standardized C. regulated D. ordered] is by……..25……[A. an act
B. a decree C. a motion D. a bill] of the National Assembly.

Select the correct option for the space numbered 16 in the above passage
A. executive
B. judicial
C. administrative
D. legislative

Select the correct option for the space numbered 17 in the above passage
A. enforce
B. nullify
C. modify
D. order

Select the correct option for the space numbered 18 in the above passage
A. a wing
B. a portion
C. an anchor
D. an arm

Select the correct option for the space numbered 19 in the above passage
A. house of representative
B. judiciary
C. national assembly
D. executive council

Select the correct option for the space numbered 20 in the above passage
A. litigant
B. defendant
C. plaintiff
D. attorney

Select the correct option for the space numbered 21 in the above passage
A. enact
B. create
C. compose
D. annul

Select the correct option for the space numbered 22 in the above passage
A. might
B. power
C. dynamism
D. strength

Select the correct option for the space numbered 23 in the above passage
A. official
B. authoritative
C. judicial
D. executive
Select the correct option for the space numbered 24 in the above passage
A. modified
B. standardized
C. regulated
D. ordered

Select the correct option for the space numbered 25 in the above passage
A. an act
B. decree
C. a motion
D. a bill

Fill the gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided.

26. The man declared his intention from the -----

A. outset
B. inset
C. onset
D. offset

27. The loquacious young lad reeled off all the names of the players ……..
[A. off head B. at hand C. of hand D. at heart]

28. Without our relentless campaigns, we might ….

[A. never had been B. Never have been
C. have never D. be never ] sure of victory in the race for the National Assembly

29. The Governor rejected the bill and withheld his ... A. access B. accent C. assent D. ascent]

30. The new school is not provided with …… [A. an equipment B. enough equipment Ç. equipments D. enough
equipments] for science practical.

31. We are all hungry; we ….. (A. didn't have B. haven't had
C. never had D. hadn't had] anything to eat since morning.

32. Audu fought with his ....... [A. elder B. older C. senior D. bigger] brother

33. Ilesa witnessed the largest ……

[A. turn out B. older C. senior D. bigger] brother

34. Our culture does not allow one to …….

[A. cut off B. cut in C. cut of D. cut on) when an elderly person is speaking

35. I like the character that played the role of a

political .... [A. turned coat 31. B. turn
C., thorn coat D. turn cost] at the last convention of our party.

36. The Dark Continent was an …..

[A. abuse B. enigma C. eclectic D. epithet] for Africa.

37. There are several ..... (A. lamb. B. sheep D: goat] in the farmyard

38. The Team Manager told us that the race could only be won by the …….
(A flat-footed B. fore-footed C. bare-footed D. swift footed).

39. You can travel on your own, ……..

A. can’t you
B. isn't it
C. wouldn’t you
D. shouldn’t you

40. He arrived ......... (A timely 8. late

D. with time) to see his family leave for the countryside

41. The politicians were .... [A. eclipsed B. marooned C. ridiculed D. ostracized] by the
press.

42. Much as I would love to visit him, I'm afraid ...

[A. I can’t B. I can't be able C. I won't D. of visiting him].

43. Raffle draws like gambling often end in a ....

[A. lost B. Jose C. loss D. loose] for me.

44. To check desertification in the arid zones ......

(A. drought-effective B. drought-resisting C. drought-resistant drought-proof) trees should be planted.

45. All the traders in the market saw the woman

buy [A. off B. out C. over D. up) the imported suits,

46. The warring factions need words of ....

[ A. advise B. advises C. advice D. adverse)

47. There are many [A. faces B. styles C. moods D. facets) to her personality.

In each of questions 48 to 52, choose the option that

has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

48. thunder
A defer
B. prefer
C. confer
D. differ

49. pleasure
A. plenary
B. pleat
C. jeopardy
D. pliable

50. tear (noun)

A wear
B. care
C. dare
D. here

51. air A. hear

B. her
C. fire
D. heir

52. boat
A. glory
B. bought
C. board
D. go

In each of questions 53 to 56, select the word that hasthe same pattern of stress as the given word.
53. EDUCATION
A. duplicity
B. conjectural
C. economics D. elaborate

54. HONOUR
A human B. hyena
C. humane D. hotel

55. ENORMOUS
А interest B. stupidly
C. character D. solution

56. QUALITY
A. accepted B. bachelor
C. guarantee D. relation

In questions 57 and 58, identify the word that has a different stress patten from the others.

57. A legislate
B. navigate
C. envelop
D. liberate

58. A. discourse
B. intimate
C. accelerate
D. integral

In questions 59 and 60, identify the word that has the stress on the second syllable.
59. A. always B. result C. photograph D. understand

60. A yesterday В. Tomato C. photograph D. tranquil

In questions 61 and 62, choose from the options the word that has the same consonant sound as the one
represented by the letters underlined.

63. The officer said that he knew nothing to the detriment of the applicant
A. background
B disfavour
C. damage
D.advantage

64. Common sense requires that one should be decorous at formal gatherings
A. courteous
B. careful
C. impolite
D. incurious

65. The string was taut

A. stretched
B. loose
C. firm
D. tight

66. The diminutive figure bounces over the track with unfathomable lightness
A. irresistible
B. predictable
C invigorating
D. impressive

67. The teacher announced that the class would be making a fleeting visit to the zero
A. long
B. routine
C. brief
D. guided

68. We intend to make the reception a diurnal event

A. an annual
B. a weekly
C. a nightly
D. a short

69. The project is designed to alleviate poverty in the country

A. exacerbate
B. assuage
C. eradicate
D. tackle

70. The Permanent Secretary left his job under a cloud

A. with a clear record
B. on a sunny day
C. in disgrace
D. on a cloudy day

71. It is surprising that this politician has now turned renegade

A. militant
B. loyal
C. quiet
D. corrupt

72. Hypertension is a debilitating disease that everyone should prevent

A. a horrible
B. an enervating
C. a mortal
D. an energizing

73. The striking workers have vowed not to return to work until the decision is rescinded
A. implemented
B. changed
c. dismissed
D. incorporated
74. it is rare for a leader and his deputy to see eye to eye.
A. reproach each other
B. disagree
C. be of one mind
D. respect each other

75. I'm not interested in buying that shirt. I think it is overpriced.

A. too expensive
B. priceless
C. cheap
D. overrated

76. When the driver applied the brakes, they acted up.
A. responded well
B. jammed
C. were sluggish
D. failed

77. Civil engineering is predominantly a male profession.

A. absolutely
B. seldom
C. essentially
D. generally

78. Despite his laxity in other matters, Ojo's father drew the line at truancy.
A. rejected
B. emphasized
C. favoured
D. ignored

In each of questions 79 to 95, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics.

79. Mr. Okon has been described as an eagle-eyed editor.

A. a quick-sighted B. a short-sighted
C. a long-sighted D. a clear-sighted

80. The man was able to persuade his, wilful and

obstinate daughter to follow the career he chose for her.
A. intelligent but arrogant
B. hardworking and intelligent
C. unyielding and obdurate
D. obscure and odious

81. That punch by the young boxer proved to be fatal.

A. effective
B. belated
C. hard
D. deadly

82. The Governor told the chief that he was only on a routine tour.
A. working visit and homage
B. normal and regular visit
C. surprise and impromptu check
D. unplanned encounter

83. The boy was told that he would need several more pints of blood if he was to survive.
A. plenty
B. much
C. many
D. some

84. In spite of her grim situation, the young widow smiled dutifully at the visitor's pleasantries.
А. unkind comments
B. sad stories
C. condolence messages
D. jocular remarks

85. The presence of the security men in the area will provide a moment of respite for the
residents.
A. enduring reprieve B. temporary relief
C. lasting security D. soothing relaxation

86. Though David's condition is serious, his life is not in immediate danger.
A. grave
B. nasty
C. dangerous
D. hypertensive

87. The essay topic is nebulous.

A. clear
B. incorrect
C. vague
D. distinct

88. I have always believed that my mother is a very impassioned woman.

A. impartial
B. emotional
C. impassive
D. emotive

89. My father was at the apogee of his career when he was retired
A. terminal point
В. least productive stage
C. redundant stage
D. highest point

90. The party gathering was thrown into a state of euphoria after the election result was announced
A. pleasure
B. confusion
C. sadness
D. excitement
91. The family discussed the crime committed and resolved to nail the lie to the counter
A. defer action on it
B. expose it publicly
C. bury it in a coffin
D. seek more advice

92. The new ruler is big-hearted in his dealings with the people.
A proud
B. cruel
C. generous
D. soft

93. It is time for all concerned to first pick to pieces the strike action before proffering solutions.
A. embrace joyfully
B. critically analyze
C. stop abruptly
D. commend highly

94. Some actions of the Nigerian youth have alienated them from those who were
sympathetic to their cause.
A. endeared/kindly
B. separated/opposed
C. estranged/well disposal
D. confronted/ill disposed

95. The Principal told the teacher to stop browbeating the children
A. pampering
B. caning
C. bullying
D. deceiving
In each of questions 96 to 100, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence. Each question carries 2 marks.
96. The politician's inflammatory remarks were heavily criticized.
A. The politician's provocative remarks were heavily criticized.
B. The politician's tribalistic remark were heavily criticized
C. the politician's bombastic remarks were heavily criticized
D. The politician's rude remarks were heavily criticized

97. The events of last Friday show that there is no love lost between the Principal and the Vice-
Principal.
A They dislike each other
B. They like each other
C. They cannot part company
D. They work independently

98. Though he is our elected representative, he often takes a rather jaundiced view of our problems.
А. He takes a rather hazy view of our problems
B. He takes a sickly view of our problems
C. He takes an unfavourable unfavourable position concerning our problems.
D. He takes a rather forceful view of our problems.

99. If he were here it could be more fun

A There was no fun because he was not present
B. He did not show up and so the occasion lacked much fun
C. He was being expected to supply more fun
D. He was expected but did now show up to liven up the occasion

100. When I visited James I only gave him a congratulatory card on account of his promotion
A. All I did when I visited was give him a congratulatory card
B. The only person I visited was James and nobody else
C. All I gave James when I visited him was a congratulatory card
D. it was only James that I gave a congratulatory card to
JAMB ENGLISH 2001

Read the passage I and II below carefully and answer the questions that follows. Each question carries 3 marks

PASSAGE I
The emergence of a standard dialect produces the phenomenon known as ‘accent’ which is quite different
from dialect. In the process of learning a foreign language, it is normal to transfer the patterns of an
indigenous language to those of the foreign language. With time, however those of form and most of
orthography and phonology gradually get eliminated. This is because these can easily be identified and
corrected. They are easy to correct because they do not involve patterns of muscular movement. It is
necessary to correct them because otherwise they could seriously impair intelligibility.

With phonetic patterns, on the other hand, there is a great deal of intelligibility tolerance because muscular
patterns are involved thus making correction difficult when observed. Besides, phonetic patterns do not
impair intelligibility much. Hence the transference of phonetic habits from one language to another is both
easier to tolerate and more difficult to avoid than transference at the lexico-grammatical level. It follows that
a speaker who is learning a second dialect does so with an accent since the muscles of his speech organs
would have crystallized in response to the phonetics of his native language which he learnt first. The speaker
therefore speaks the second dialect with the phonetic features of his native dialect. The learning of a standard
language is simply the learning of a second dialect- that which has been standardized.

Members of a language community control at least two dialects and use both dialects in different situations.
In the rural areas, the native dialect is used in most situations since there is less movement. Therefore, rural
dwellers tend to be parochial and maintain the homogeneity of their dialect. In the urban community, on the
other hand, there is more demand on the standard dialect than on the rural one. This is because people from
different regions converge here. In order to ensure mutual intelligibility resulting from the pressure of
communication, a great deal of demand is made on the standard dialect which now becomes the lingua frenca
amongst them.

1. Members of a language community control at least two dialects because

A. there is little demand for the indigenous dialects
B. the convergence of people from regions in the pressure of community
C. they want a lingua franca which is produced by mutual intelligibility
D. they are made up of both rural and urban dwellers

2. According to the passage

A. a lingua franca is the consequence of a standard dialect
B. a foreign language produces the transference of the correct patterns of dialect features
C. mutual intelligibility is the consequence of the pressure of communication
D. speech organs are shaped by indigenous languages

3. An appropriate title for this passage is

A. the quest for a lingua franca
B. the emergence of a standard language
C. the phenomenon of accent
D. members of a language community

4. The word 'those' as used in the passage refers to

A. forms of orthography and phonology
B. patterns of an indigenous language
C. foreign languages
D. indigenous languages

5. Phonetic patterns allow for intelligibility tolerance because

A. they are involved and difficult to avoid
B. they involve muscular patterns which later crystalize
C. they give rise to the phenomenon of accent which is easy to tolerate
D. transference is both difficult to avoid and easy to tolerate
PASSAGE II
It is possible to have a glimpse of life after death. Man has always believed in an afterlife but only today do
we have scientific reports of people who seem to have experienced the sensation of dying but lived to tell
about it. On-going research is documenting hundreds of cases each year of the near-death experience (NDE),
and scientists think they are finding a clearly identifiable pattern: usually a man is dying and as he reaches the
point of greatest physical distress, he hears himself pronounced dead by his doctor. He begins to hear an
uncomfortable noise, a loud ringing or buzzing and at the same time feels himself moving very rapidly through
a long dark tunnel. After this he suddenly finds himself outside of his own physical body, but still in the
immediate physical environment and he sees his own body from a distance as though he is a spectator. He
watches the resuscitation attempt from this unusual vantage point and is in a state of emotional upheaval.

After a while, he collects himself and becomes more accustomed to his odd condition. He notices that he still
has a ‘body’, but one of a very different nature and with very different powers from the physical body he has
left behind. Soon after, things begin to happen. Others come to meet and to help him. He glimpses the spirits
of relatives and friends who have already died, and a loving, warming spirit of a kind he has never
encountered before-a being of light- appears before him. This being asks him a question, non-verbally- to
make him evaluate his life- and helps him along by showing him a panoramic instantaneous playback of the
major events of his life. Then he finds that he must go back to earth that the time for his death has not yet
come. At this point he resists, for by now he is taken up with his experiences in the afterlife and does not want
to return. He is overwhelmed by intense feelings of joy, love and peace. Despite his attitude, though, he
somehow reunites with his physical body and lives.

6. The NDE man appears to be a spectator in the flurry of activities around him because
A. he is moving rapidly through a long dark tunnel
B. his new 'body' would not allow him to participate
C. he can only watch as the events unfold
D. he is now a dead man

7. According to the passage, scientific evidence has made it possible

A. for the dead to return and tell their experience
B. to make conjectures about what happens after death
C. to know a little about what happens in the world of the dead
D. for one to experience the sensation of dying and living again

8. The expression 'as he reaches the point of greatest physical distress' as used in the passage means when
A. the man's system finally collapses
B. his condition seems to get worse
C. his doctor is ready to pronounce him dead
D. the sick man finally stops breathing
9. A suitable title for the passage is
A. a glimpse into the world of the dead
B. the sensation of death and the afterlife
C. research into the lives of the dead
D. visions of an afterlife

10. That the man was shown a panoramic instantaneous playback of the major events of his life suggests that
A. he has to assess his deeds in life
B. there are video machines in the world beyond
C. he needs to see the difference between his past life and his new life
D. he needs to be entertained to take his mind away from the noise around him

PASSAGE III

The passage below has gaps numbered 11 to 20 Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. Each question carries 2 marks.

Before any detailed analysis begins, the first thing

to do with the raw data is to check through the field
record books and questionnaires for any ...11...
[A. mistakes B. events C. records D. odds),
inconsistencies and incompleteness. In some cases,
it may be possible to correct any discovered
shortcomings. When it is not possible to carry out
these ...12... [A. plants B. corrections C. expectations
D. possibilities), a visit to the field may even be
necessary. It should however be realized that it is not
very often that a revisit is possible.
In most scientific ... 13... (A. questionnaires
B. data C. experiments D. conclusions ), such revisits
are clearly impossible. This is true of many surveys
too. A road traffic survey ... 14... (A. classified
B. precoded C. conducted D. experimented to find
out the amount and frequency of daily traffic between
two towns cannot be expected to be ...15...
[A. observed B. produced C. undertaken
D. reproducible ). There is no way of going back to
check whether the number of vehicles reported for any
particular hour is correct or not. With open -ended
questions the ... 16... (A. methods B. responses
C. errors D. conclusions] have to be classified into
answer
relatively small number of groups. The process of
classifying
and of sometimes
identifying them by number and letter is called ...17...
[A. encoding B. recording C. coding D. recoding)
.
When closed-ended questions are used, it is possible
to code all the possible answers before they are
actually received. This is called ... 18... [A. recoding
B.coding C. precoding D. encoding). What is done,
a check through the answers for proper classification,
numbering and lettering is still called for at this stage.
This whole process of checking through questionnaires
and notebooks is called ...19... [A. listing B. posting
C. editing D. auditing). Collected data will eventually
have to be used in drawing ...20... [A. analogies
B. examples C. references D. conclusions and
writing a report about the population from which
came.

PASSAGE IV
By 1910, the motor car was plainly conquering the highway. The private car was now part of every rich man’s
establishment, although its price made it as yet an impossible luxury for most of the middle class. But for the
adventuresome youth, there was the motor cycle, a fearsome invention producing accidents and ear-splitting
noises. Already the dignified carriages and smart pony-traps were beginning to disappear from the roads and
coachmen and grooms unless mechanically minded, were finding it more difficult to make a living.

The roads which had gone to sleep since the coming of the railway now awoke to feverish activity. Cars and
motor cycles dashed along them at speeds which rivalled those of the express trains and the lorry began to
appear. Therefore, the road system was compelled to adapt itself to a volume and speed of traffic for which it
had never intended. Its complete adaptation was impossible, but the road surface was easily transformed and
during the early years of the century, the dustiness and greasiness of the highways were lessened by tar-
spraying. To widen and straighten the roads and get rid of blind corners and every steep gradient were tasks
which had scarcely been tackled before 1914. the Situation was worst of all in towns where not only was any
large scheme of road widening usually out of the question, but also where crowding and danger were all too
frequently increased by the short-sighted eagerness of town authorities in laying down tramlines.

Yet, it was not only the road system that was in need of readjustment; the nervous system who used and
dwelt by the road suffered. The noises caused by the conversion of the roads into speedways called for a
corresponding lightening up of the nerves and especially I the towns, the pedestrian who wished to preserve
life and limb was compelled to keep his attention continually on the stretch to practice himself in estimates of
the speed of approaching vehicles and to run or jump for his life if he ventured off the pavement.
21. The writer seems to suggest that
A. the roads that existed were dormant
B. coachmen and grooms were not mechanically minded
C. there were no roads before the advent of cars and motor cycles and so people had to be mechanically
minded
D. the volume and speed of traffic on the roads increased with the advent of cars, motorcycles and lorries

22. The writer uses the expression unless mechanically minded to refers to
A. coachman and grooms adaptable to the new technology
B. coachmen and grooms who chose to become mechanics
C. town authorities laying down tramlines
D. those amenable to change and development

23. The statement 'By 1910, the motor car was plainly conquering the highway' means that
A. by 1910many people knew how to drive motor cars
B. the motor car was invented in 1910
C. highway codes for motor cars came into effect by 1910
D. by 1910 motor cars became common sight on the highways

24. From the passage, it is obvious the

A. motor cars were mere luxuries which many peoples tried desperately to acquire
B. the motor car was invented before the express trains.
C. the train was the fastest means of transport before the motor car and the lorry
D. the motor car and the lorry came to displace the train traffic

25. One of the following statements can be deduced from the passage
A. people no longer used trains with the advent of cars and lorries
B. significant improvement occurred in road transport since the advent of cars, lorries and motor cycles
C. human society was static without the express speed of cars and motorcycles
D. society would be better without the chaotic volumes and speed of motor cars, lorries and motor cycles

In each of question 26 to 27, identify the word that has a different stress pattern from the others.

26. A administrative B. temperamental C. circulation D. consideration

27. A classroom B. brother C. programme D. July

In each of questions 28 to 31, choose the word that does not have the same vowel sound as the others.

28. A. bale B. plait C. saint D. gate

29. A rice B. fight C. granite D. die

30. A wind B. people C. even · D. key

31. A enjoy Blog C. toil D. rejoice '

in each of the questions 32 to 56, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided.

32. .... [A. Have being B. Having been C. Having being D. Have I been] told of his
impending arrival, I worked hard to make his short stay very comfortable

33. The weather is probably ...... appealing for people who live in Jos .... [A. no less/than B. more/as
C. as much/as D. at least as/but] for foreigners.

34. Ado tried to ... [A. recall B. obliterate C. eulogize D. obstruct] all memory of his dead father.

35. This imposing edifice ....... [A. had costed B. costed C. cost D. have cost] a fortune to build.

36. Three quarters of the hostel ..... been painted and three quarters of the students ...... [A. has/has
B. have/has C. have/have D. has/have] moved in.

37. They let him go in ..... [A. respect B. regard C. disregard D. consideration] of his age.

38. [A. While B. By chance C. Should D. should in case) you come early to the new house, clean up my flat.

39. These villagers .... [A. used B. are used C. were use D. use) to grow rice.

40. When Ajike met her …… [A. strange B. loving C. caring D. estranged] husband at the party she felt like
reconciling with him.

41. He does not seem to know how to solve the problem ....... [A. does not he B. does he C. does he not D.
doesn't he]?

42. Some scientists are trying to ..... [A. imitate B. implicate C. replicate D. fabricate] human beings in their
laboratories.

43. A wide range of options ..... [A. is B. was C. were [A. detonate D. are] made available to the political parties
during the recently concluded elections.

44. The meeting was called to ....... (A. re-present

B. reconstitute C. reconcile D. recommend] divergent views on the subjects of a national conference.

45. The police came early enough to ….. [A. detonate B. insulate C. diffuse D. defuse) the bomb planted by the
rioters.

46. The government which ..... recruiting.... [A. is/their B. were/there C. was/its D. are/its) workers suddenly
stopped doing so.
47. They had to ......... [A. resort to B. switch on C. light up D. fall back on the generator when the
electricity failed.

48. I do not think any sane person would have acted in such a ...... (A. rational
B. cruel C. secret D. composed] manner.

49. Neither Agbo nor his parents [A. has attended B. attend C. attends D. attended] the meetings now.

50. Modern dancing has become rather scientific and so acquires ..... [A. a rapping voice B. bizarre
costuming C. immense instrumentation D. some choreographic skill].

51. Of course, we all saw the culprit .... [A. approaching B. approaches C. approached D. approach]
and hit the man on the head.

52. The Company director showed the contractor a ...' (A. photocopy B. photograph C. prototype D. microfilm]
of the proposed office complex.

53. Had he considered his public image carefully, he

[A. would have stood down B. might have stood aside C. should have stepped down D. would have stepped
aside) for his opponent in the election.

54. The editor was not happy that the Nigerian press was hemmed..... [A. up B. across C. in
D. over]

55. More ..... [A. energy B. power C. effort D. grease) to your elbow as you campaign for press freedom!

56. A child that shows mature characteristics at an early age may be described as ... [A. precocious B.
ingenious C. premature D. preconceived].

In question 57 and 58, identify the word that has the stress on the first syllable.
57. A. misreads
B. reassign
C. competent
D. compel

58. A resist
B. intact
C. confirm
D. salon

In each of questions 59 to 62, choose the from the options the word that has the same consonant sound as
the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.
59. Past
А. pasture C. wrestle
B. castle on can D. preached

60. Church
A feature C. ocean
B. chauffeur D. machine

61. Sure
A. charlatan
B. church
C. cheer
D. cheap

62. Thank
A. Thomas
B. though
C. Thames
D. thought

In each of questions 63 to 77, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics

63. Amina's performance in the examination surpassed my expectations.

A. amazed everyone
B. lack merit
C. was extraordinarily good
D. was disappointing

64. As these boys never act in public, the police are now worried about their covert activities.
A. evil
B. open
C. crypto
D. ignoble

65. The town was all agog at his unexpected return

A. unexcited
B. excited
C. on fire
D. surprised

66. Some equatorial areas have a sultry climate

A. a hot
В. an inclement
C. a temperate
D. a stable

67. The journalist's write-up contained a plethora of detail

A simplicity
B. shortage
C. complexity
D. spectrum

68. In the latter part of his life, the famous soldier showed signs of youthfulness.
A bravery
B. vitality
C. energy
D. senility

69. It is inconceivable that the rat devoured the cat.

A. contestable
B. credible
C. incomprehensible
D. unimaginable

70. All wondered why, the principal was ambivalent about the student’s future.
A. inconsiderate
B. decisive
C. anxious
D. ambitious

71. The teacher taught the rudiments of Chemistry to the first grade
A. elements
B. fundamentals
C. basics
D. theories

72. In this naivety, he believed all the stories his friend told him.
A. artlessness
B. friendliness
C. Incredulity
D. stupidity

73. Updating the Board's brochure is an arduous task.

A. a regular
B. an annual
C. a difficult
D. an easy
74. The lecture seemed interminable plea, ont no
A brief
B. interesting
c. boring
D. unending

75. Had I known about their plan much earlier, I would have nipped it in the bud.
A promoted it
B. squashed it
C. initiated it
D. stopped it

76. What a harmless thought he has!

A. pleasant
B. perfect
C. pernicious
D. pertinent

77. There is much apathy towards reading among

students nowadays.
A. indecision
B. enthusiasm
C. indifference
D. disinclination

In each of questions 78 to 80, the word in capital letters has an emphatic stress. Choose the option that best
fits the expression in the sentence.

78. YOUR sister should come with us tomorrow.

Should your brother come with us tomorrow?
B. Should our brother come with us tomorrow?
C. Should Ado's sister come with us tomorrow?
D. Should my sister come with us tomorrow?

79. They FLEW to Abuja.

A. Where did they fly to?
B. Did they go to Abuja by road?
C. How will they get to Abuja?
D. Did they fly to Jos?

80. My neighbour BRUISED his thigh while playing

A. Did your neighbour fracture his thigh while
playing football?
B. Did your neighbour break his leg while playing
tennis?
C. Did your neighbour play football yesterday?

in each of questions 81 to 85, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence

81. Adawo is an imp

A. Adawo behaves badly.
B. Adawo behaves decently
C. Adawo behaves differently
D. Adawo behaves queerly

82. The solution lies in choosing between various negative alternatives

A The solution lies in choosing between the positive and the negative
B. The solutions are many
C. The solution can be found in one of the negative options
D. The solution is a negative one.

83. You must not attend the end-of-year party sup

A. you do not have to decide whether to attend 2006 the party or not
B. You have to decide whether to attend the party or not
C. It is necessary that you do not attend the party
D. It is not necessary that you attend the party

84. The man reasoned that there ought to be a limit to sycophancy let
A Sycophants need not talk all the time
B. There can no favour beyond a reasonable point
C. Sycophants should know when to grant people's requests,
D. People should know when not to use flattery

85. Oche's chief idiosyncrasy is a passion for pounded yam.

A. Oche hates pounded yam
B. Oche's chief hates pounded yam
C. Oche's chief like pounded yam
D. Oche has a penchant for pounded yam

(Question 86 to 100 carry 1 mark each)

In each of question 86 to 100, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics

86. The professor discussed a number of abstruse topics

A. irrelevant
B. useful
C. esoteric
D. relevant
87. Tade became timorous when she was asked to give the valedictory speech.
A. excited B. aggressive C. nervous D. happy

88. The men were tardy in offering help

A. generous
B. quick
C brave
D. slow

89. Ugo has often been described as belligerent

A. attractive
B. combative
C. innocent
D. patient

90. The coalescence of the groups created additional

problems
A union
B. fighting
C. proscription
D. disbandment

91. Funmi is just being facetious about her marrying

a soldier.
A. unfaithful
B. serious
C. crazy
D. unserious

92. The village girl wore sumptuous clothes

A loose-fitting
B. cheap
C. faded-looking
D. expensive

93. Any chief executive of an organisation would find

radical changes blocked at every turn.
A. ideas
B. innovations
C. developments
D. suggestions

94. I cannot understand why Ali should serve in that

moribund administration
A crumbling
B. purposeless
C. prodigal
D. oppressive

95. Bose was angry because her friend called her a pilferer
A. liar
B. hypocrite
C. criminal
D. thief

96. While the hooligans exchanged blows, we looked on complacently

A. questioningly
B. sorrowfully
C. dejectedly
D. contentedly

97. The player kept on gamely to the end of the match

A. courageously
B. amateurishly
C. skillfully
D. stubbornly

98. Art lies in cherishing the initiative and creative power of each person
A. gift
B. strength
C. potential
D. mind

99. As the triumphant rebels were returning to their base, they met with a serious reverse.
A. an enemy
B. an army
C. a victory
D. a defeat

100. The Conference Centre caters for a transient

only
A. permanent guests
B. professionals
C novices
D. temporary guests
USE OF ENGLISH 2002
COMPREHENSION

Read passages I, II & III carefully and answer the questions that follow. Each question carries 3 marks.

PASSAGE I
If our thought is to be clear and we are to succeed in
communicating it to other people, we must have some
method of fixing the meaning of the words we use.
When we use a word whose meaning is not certain,
we may well be asked to define it. There is a useful
traditional device for doing this by indicating the class
to which whatever is indicated by the term belongs,
and also the particular property which distinguishes it
from all other members of the same class. Thus we
may define a whale as a marine animal that spouts'.
“Marine animal in this definition indicates the general
class to which the whale belongs, and 'spouts'
indicate the particular property that distinguishes
whales from other such marine animals as fishes,
seals, jellyfish and lobsters. In the same way, we can
define an even number as a finite integer divisible by
two, or a democracy as a system of government in
which the people themselves rule.
There are other ways, of course, of indicating the
meaning of words. We may, for example, find it hard to
make a suitable definition of the word 'animal', so we
say that an animal is such a thing as a rabbit, dog, fish
or goat. Similarly, we may say that religion is such a
system as Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Buddhism.
This way of indicating the meaning of a term by
enumerating examples of what it includes is obviously
of limited usefulness. If we indicated our use of the
word 'animal as above, our hearers might, for
example, be doubtful whether a sea-anemone or a
slug was to be included in the class of animals. It is,
however, a useful way of supplementing a definition if
the definition itself is definite without being easily
understandable. Failure of an attempt at definition to
serve its purpose may result from giving as
distinguishing mark one which either does not belong
to all the things the definition is intended to include, or
does belong to some members of the same general
class which the definition is intended to exclude.
Adapted from Straight and Crooked Thinking, by R. H.
Thouless
1. The experiences we may well be asked as used in the passage means
A. it is quite likely that we will be asked
B. we cannot escape being asked
C. the listener is always justified to ask questions,
D. it is inconceivable that we will be asked.

2. From the passage, which of these is a

disadvantage of defining by enumerating?
A The words or objects listed may not all share similar characteristics.
B. Enumeration always leaves doubts in the mind of the speaker.
C. The property and examples enumerated may not be all-inclusive.
D. Many important members of the group may be left out of the enumeration.

3. One of these summarizes the approaches to definition discussed in the passage

A. Specifying clearly what distinguishes a particular word or object from its traditional groups
B. Indicating the class of a word and mentioning its general property with examples.
C. Giving general and specific features followed by examples of what the object or word includes
D. Mentioning the class of a word or object with its specific property

4. The writer uses the expression fixing the meaning of the words we use to mean
A. getting even with the people who always ask for definitions.
B. using definitions to help people build up their vocabulary
C. repairing during communication
D using definitions to help people communicate their thoughts and argue logically

5. Which of the following statements can be deduced from the passage?

A. There are both traditional and modern methods of defining words
B. Definitions aid communication when enumeration is accurately handled
C. Every speaker or writer has a method of defining words.
D. Accurate definition is invaluable to communicate but difficult to achieve

PASSAGEII
Those who have been following the arguments
for and against the deregulation of the oil industry in
Nigeria may have got the impression that deregulation
connotes lack of control or indifference on the part of
the Government. But there is nothing so far from official
quarters to suggest that deregulation will cause the
Government to relinquish its control of the oil
industry because the absence of direct control does
not mean that it will surrender all its rights to the
entrepreneurs who may want to participate in the
industry. Yet the opposition expressed so far against
deregulation stems from the fear that the Government
would leave Nigerians at the mercy of a heartless cartel
who would command the heights of the oil industry
and cause the pump price of fuel to rise above the
means of most Nigerians.
As a result of such fears, many Nigerians have
become resentful of deregulation and, in fact, the
Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) has threatened to
'deregulate' the Government if it should go ahead with
the deregulation plan. But Nigerians have not fared
any better with the economy totally in Government
control
. Until recently, the most important sectors of
the economy were in the hands of the Government
Today, the deregulation of some of these sectors has
broken its monopoly and introduced healthy
competition to make things a little easier for Nigerians
,
A good example is the breaking of the stifling monopoly
of Nigeria Airways. Today, the traveler is king at the
domestic airports as opposed to the struggle that all
travels used to be under Nigeria Airways monopoly
Before, it was almost easier for a camel to pass
through the eye of a needle than for travelers to board
a plane.
Following from this, the apostles of deregulation nightly heap all the blame for the problems associated
squarely on the Government, which owns all the
refineries and which sells fuel to local consumers
through its agency, the Nigerian National Petroleum
Corporation (NNPC).
Governments argues that if the current NNPC
monopoly were broken with the introduction of
entrepreneurs to the refining and sale of Petroleum
products in the country, the Nigerian people would be
Government continues to fix maximum prices for
all the better for it. It stands to reason that once the
petroleum products in this country, the deregulation of
the oil sector should bring some relief to the people by
ensuring that wastage, corruption and inefficiency are
reduced to the minimum. Consumers will also have
the last laugh because competition will result in the
availability of the products at reasonable prices. This
appears to be the sense in deregulation

6. An appropriate title for this passage is

A. The Advantage of a Deregulated Economy
B. Highlighting the Dangers of Deregulation
C. Making a Case for Deregulation
D. The problems of the NNPC.

7. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. The opposition to the deregulation of the oil industry is not unanimous.
B. The Nigeria Labour Congress has been able to prevent the Government from deregulating the economy
C. The introduction of entrepreneurs to the oil industry will make life easy only for a few
Nigerians.
D. A better life for all Nigerians is conditional upon the deregulation of the economy.

8. The writer seems to suggest that

A Nigerians do not understand the sense in deregulation
B. a deregulated economy will cause the Government to be indifferent to the plight of ordinary Nigerians
C. only a heartless cartel will benefit by the deregulation of the oil industry
D. the anxiety caused by the deregulation question is groundless.

9. Which of the following conclusions can be be reached from the passage?

A. Nigerians cannot buy fuel at exorbitant prices,
B.: The deregulation of the oil industry does not preclude the Government from exerting its
influence
C. The deregulation of the economy will solve all the problems of petroleum products
distribution
D. The Government is hell-bent on leaving
Nigerians at the mercy of a heartless cartel
10. Which of these correctly summarizes the arguments adduced by the advocates of deregulation?
A. Deregulating the economy will make the NNPC more efficient and less wasteful.
B. Competition in the oil industry will be beneficial to several Nigerians.
C. Competition should be allowed in the
production and distribution of petroleum products.
D. The Government should deregulate every
aspect of the Nigerian economy.

PASSAGE III
Recognizing the need for objectivity in their work,
the early report writers worked to develop a writing
style which would convey this attitude. They reasoned
that the sources of the subjective quality in a report is
the human being. And they reasoned that objectivity is
best attained by emphasizing the factual material of a
report rather than the personalities involved. So, they
worked to remove the human being from their writing
Impersonal writing style was the result. By impersonal
writing is meant writing in the third person - without l's
we's or you's
In recent years., impersonal writing has been
strenuously questioned by many writer's These
writers point out that personal writing is more forceful
and direct than is impersonal writing. They contend
that writing which brings both reader and writer into
the picture is more like conversation and therefore
more interesting. And they answer to the point on
objectivity with a reply that objectivity is an attitude of
mind and not a matter of person. A report, they say,
can be just as objective when written in personal style
as when in impersonal style. Frequently, they counter
with the argument that impersonal writing leads to an
overuse of passive voice and a generally dull writing
style. This last argument, however, lacks substance.
Impersonal writing can and should be interesting. Any
dullness it may have is wholly the fault of the writer. As
proof, one has only to look at the lively styles used by
the
raters for newspapers, news magazines and
journals. Most of this writing is impersonal - and
usually, it is not dull
As in most cases of controversy, there is some
merit to the arguments on both sides. There are
situations in which personal writing is best. There are
situations in which impersonal writing is best. And
there are situations in which either style is appropriate
The writer must decide at the outset of his work which
style is best for his own situation.
His decision should be based on the
circumstances of each report situation. First, he should
consider the expectations or desires of those for whom
he is preparing the report. More than likely he will find
a preference for impersonal style, for, like most
human beings, businessmen have been slow to break
tradition. Next, the writer should consider the formality
of the report situation. If the situation is informal, as
when the report is really a personal communication of
information between business associates, personal
writing is appropriate. But if the situation is formal, as
is the case with most reports, the conventional
impersonal style is best

11. One argument given in support of personal writing

is that it
A. has informal features which make it more
diverting than impersonal writing
В. makes writers more focused and less boring
C can be more objective than impersonal writing
D. is the style to use in all situations involving
businessmen

12. Which of the following statements is true

according to the passage?
A. The impersonal style helps to achieve a
measure of objectivity in report writing.
B The impersonal style has been widely acclaimed.
C. Most report writing is characterized by the
sparing use of the impersonal style.
D. Most writers use the impersonal style to achieve objectivity in their reports

13. According to the passage, most of the writing in

newspapers, news magazines and journals is
A personal and uninteresting
B. personal and interesting
C. impersonal and interesting
D. impersonal and uninteresting

14. From the passage, what determines the

appropriateness of a style is the
A theme
B reader
C.writer
D. situation

15. Which of the following best describe the writer of

the passage?
A. He recognizes the need to be critical of report
writing
B. He cannot be said to be objective
C. He is being unnecessarily analytic
D He is completely non-committal

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each
gap. Each question carries 2 marks.
It is the business of the scientist to accumulate
knowledge about the universe and all that is in it, and
to find, if he is able, common. 16. (A. approaches B.
instruments factors D. experiments) which
underlie and account for the facts that he knows. He
chooses, when he can, the method of the controlled
..17... (A. experiment B. respondent C data D.
system). If he wants to find out the effect of light on
growing plants, he takes many plants, as alike as
possible. Some he stands in the sun, some in the
shade, some in the dark, all the time keeping all other
18. (A procedures B. conditions C. studies D.
objects) (temperature, moisture, nourishment) the
same. In this way, by keeping other variables...19. (A.
dark B. constant C good D. natural), and by varying
the light only, the effect of light on plants can be clearly
seen. This 20 (A. method B. research C tool D.
rationale) of using 'controls can be applied to a variety
of situations, und can be used to find the answers to
questions as widely different as 'must moisture be
present if 21. (A bar B gold iron D. an alloy) is
to rust?' and 'which variety of beans gives the greatest
yield in one 22. (A period B. season C. climate D.
weather)?
In the course of his 23... (A. inquiries B. findings
C queries D. experiment), the scientist may find what
he thinks is one common explanation for an increasing
number of facts The explanation, if it seems
consistently to fit the various facts, is called 24 (A. a
principle B. a thesis C. a hypothesis D. an antithesis)
if this continues to stand the test of numerous
experiments and remains unshaken, it becomes a
25 (A notion B. deduction Claw D. thesis)

LEXIS, UTRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS

(Questions 26 to 75 carry I mark each)
In each of questions 26 to 50, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided

26. …… [A In spite of B. Given C. Barring D. In case of] any problems I shall travel to London tomorrow on a
business trip

27. Musa has lived here for five years but he does not
seem able to get over the enormously [A bizarre В. intricate C. absurd D.
fantastic) and elaborate rules that govern the society

28. The match gave the team a chance to show their ... (A mettle B. worth C position D. prowess)

29. These must have ... [A. analysis/attracted B. analysis/attract C. analyses/attracted D. analysis/attract] the
World Bank officials

30. The highly appreciative audience clapped hands and showered [A. its/encomiums B. its/invectives C.
their/encomiums D. their/invectives) on the lecturer

31. The members elected Baba ...

[A. to be a chairman
B. chairman
C. their chairman
D. to become chairman] of the committee.

32. The officer described the comment as

[A. dangerous B. sad C. ludicrous D. libelous) because it was very amusing.

33. The new manager was responsible for the

(A. uplifting B. lifting C.uplift D. upliftment) of the organization.

34. He is ... Kaduna ... [A. at/in B. at/for C. in/on D. for/in ) an official assignment

35. The future of the company is ... though many seem

[A. promising/nostalgic B. dicey/unsatisfied C. okay/optimistic D. rosy/pessimistic] about it

36. The army officer said that more ... [A. guerrillas B. guerrilas C. geurrilas D. guerrilas] would
be needed to prosecute the war.

37. The quality of your questions which always attracted attention ... [A. has/have B.havel
have C. has/has D. have / has) never been in doubt.

38. Despite all preparations, the wedding did not ...

[A. come on B. come up C. come along D. come off].

39. Didn't ... [A. somebody B. someone C. anyone D. everyone) draw your attention to the entry
requirements?

40. You are free to solicit ... [A. financial B. by financial C. for financial D. a financial] support
from the Board.

41. As election day draws near, the party looks because many of its members have ...
(A. cheerless/cross-carpeted from B. cheerful moved to C. vulnerable/defected to
D. successful/declared for) other parties.

42. Ali has been cured of his amnesia; he no longer

suffers from ... [A. rounds of anxiety
B. bouts of malaria C. pains in his arms D. loss of memory.]

43. By this time next year, I... (A. will have been B. would have been
C. could have been D. will be) twenty years old.

44. The operations of the bank ... not... [A. do/cover

B. did/covered C. does/cover D. covered) cottage and small-scale industries

45. We did not understand what the magistrate said about ... (A. assault B. touching C. acid D. insult] and
battery.

46. Whenever we have ... [A. together a good long talk B. a long good talk together C. together a long good
talk D. a good long talk together), we feel better.

47. The members of the other team agree ... (A. on

B. by C. to D. with] all the terms of the
contract.

48. One advantage of the English language in Nigeria

is that it puts everyone .... a common ...
[A. in/advantage
B. in/standing
C. on/footing
D. at/equality]

49. If one perseveres, ... [A. she B: they

C. one D. he) will surely succeed.

50. ... a motor cycle can be harmful ... [A. To ride/wide

B. To ride/for C. Riding/to D. Riding/ for] your health.

In each of questions 51 to 53, choose the option that has a different vowel sound from the others.
51. A. mere
C. hear
B. weird
D. tear (verb)

52. A. does
B. son
C. flood
D. world

53. A cough
C. rot
B. rough
D. dog

In each of questions 54 to 56, choose the option that

has the same consonant sound as the one represented
by the letter(s) underlined.

54. Preached
А. lotion
C. question
B. castle
D. past

55. business
А. eyes
C. rice
B. grace
D. sink

56. cough
A. thoroughly
C. trophy
B. of
D. though

In each of questions 57 and 58, choose the word that has a different stress patten from the others.
57. A convenient
C. embarrass
B. contribute
D. madam

58. A suffer
C. Success
B. blackboard
D. calendar

In each of questions 59 to 73, choose the option nearest

in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics,

59. I wonder what will be left of his essay when the

extraneous material is deleted.
A. main
B. relevant
C. erroneous
D. superfluous

60. Tortoises need cool climates and must have places where they can hibemate.
A. sleep deeply
B. relax
C. reproduce
D. hide at night

61. They are considered to be legal luminaries.

A. experts
B. practitioners
C. directors
D. powers

62. Practicing medicine is not as lucrative as many people think.

A. know
B. assume
C. consider
D. understand

63. The manager made disparaging remarks about

the retiring officer.
A. parochial
C. derogatory
B. cynical
D. rude

64. The teachers’ apparent nonchalant attitude was

misconstrued by his students.
A. condoned
B. misquoted
C. misinterpreted
D. misrepresented

65. Let us not indulge in recrimination

A. unfounded allegation
B. counter-accusation
C. accusation
D. indictment

66. Teachers of music believe in its therapeutic

effect.
A. lyrical
C. sound
B. healing
D. rhythmic

67. The man outran his wife when they heard the eerie sound
A. hissing
C. Scary
B. harsh
D. loud

68. His success may be described as a pyrrhic

victory
A. a deserving victory C. indecisive
B. costly
D. an easy victory

69. The Executive Secretary has just assumed office.

A resumed work C. started work
B. been sworn in
D. returned.

70. The warring tribes have been told to parley with

each other.
A. hold talks
B. observe a truce
C. suspend hostilities
D. sign a treaty.

71. He is a stringer for a newspaper.

А a financier of
B. a reporter for
C. an editor of
D. a freelancer for

72. Adigun's jokes are always puerile

A entertaining
C. childish
B. empty
D. amusing

73. I wish the commander were less adamant about

his proposed reprisal attack on the enemy.
A. unyielding about/retaliatory
B. tolerant of/surprise
C. sentimental about/rehearsed
D. supportive of/retributive

In each of questions 74 and 75, identify the word that

has the stress on the first syllable.

74. A comment
B. dismiss
C. intact
D. confuse

75. A. commute B. import

C. intend (verb) D. export (noun)

In each of questions 76 to 80, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence, Each question carries 2 marks.
76. The organization is constantly in a state of flux.
A The organization is moribund.
B. The organization is experiencing good times.
C. The organization is facing a difficult period.
D. There are periodic changes in the
organization

77. His meteoric rise to fame surprised everyone.

А People were amazed at his rapid success.
B. He rose to the top quite unexpectedly.
C. His rise to fame was only temporary
D. He became successful very suddenly.

78. The politician was pilloried by the press for his

inflammatory remarks
А. The politician was closely questioned by the
press for his remarks
B. The politicians was criticized by the press for
his remarks
C. The politician was ridiculed by the press for
his remarks
D. The politician was snubbed by the press for
his remarks

79. Audu was taken bad in the middle of the night

A He was ill.
B. He was caught
C. He was drunk
D. He was robbed

80. After the successful operation, he covered by leaps

and bounds.
A. His well-bound wounds aided his recovery
B. He did a lot of keep-fit exercises.
C. He used to jog regularly
D. He got well very rapidly

(Questions 81 to 100 carry 1 mark each)

In each of questions 81 to 85, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option that
best fits the expression in the sentence.

81. The university has been TEMPORARILY closed

A. Has the university been permanently open?
В. Has the campus been permanently closed?
C. Has the college been temporarily closed?
D. Has the university been permanently closed?

82. The king RAN to the palace.

A Where did the king run to?
B. Did the queen run to the palace?
C. Did the king walk to the palace?
D. Who ran to the palace?

83. He travelled ONLY 20 kilometres before his car

stopped.
A. Did he travel only 20 kilometres after his
ar stopped?
B. Did the travel exactly 20 kilometres before
his car stopped.
C. Did he travel more than 20 kilometres before
his car stopped?
D. Did you walk only 20 kilometres before the
vehicle stopped?

84. The man BOUGHT the newspaper.

A What did the man buy?
B. Is this the newspaper which the man bought?
C. Who bought the newspaper?
D. Did the man read the newspaper?

85. My UNCLE retired from the police

A Did your brother retire from the police?
B. Did your brother resign from the police?
C. Did your uncle retire from the army?
D. Did your sister resign from the police?

In each of questions 86 to 100, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics.

86. The Governor's visit is an unprecedented event in

the history of the social club.
A. an unnecessary
C. a perfect
B. a momentous
D. an insignificant

87. He gave an unsatisfactory excuse but the boss

swallowed in hook, line and sinker,
A. completely
B. with a pinch of salt
C. entirely
D. without mincing words

88. The principal took exception to the ignoble role

the teacher played in the matter.
A dishonorable
B. extraordinary
C. honorable
D. embarrassing

89. The hardline posture of the labour leader has not

helped matters
A. imposing
B. difficult
C. compromising
D. uncompromising

90. The high cost of living these days calls for a lot of
frugality
A. economy
C. prudence
B. recklessness
D. extravagance

91. The evidence the leader gave was incontrovertible.

A logical
C. practicable
B. indubitable
D. contestable

92. Tunde's reaction underscores the point I was

making.
A. contradicts
B. justifies
C. summarize
D. emphasizes

93. Everyone admired the manager's adroit handling

of the crises in the company.
A. clever
C. skillful
B. clumsy
D. tactless
94. The chairman's conduct redounds to the image
of the company.
A. contributes to
C. assists in
B. detracts from
D. reflects on

95. Her phlegmatic temperature endears her to her

friends.
A cold B. stoic C. lively D. irritable

96. The President gave another extemporaneous

speech last Friday.
A fascinating
C. unprepared
B. unfavorable
D. planned

97. The witness averred that she had seen Dosun at

the scene of the crime.
A confirmed
C. affirmed
B. argued
D. denied
98. The workers suddenly became restive.
A fidgety
C. disorderly
B. calm
D. submissive

99. The athlete has unexpectedly become indomitable.

A. unruly
B. unconquerable
C. weak
D. disoriented

100. He is notorious for his drunkenness.

A known
C. popular
B. renowned
D. well known
USE OF ENGLISH JAMB 2003
Read passages I, II and III carefully and answer the
questions that follow. Each question carries 3 marks

when man evolved a conscience, his basic

relationship with the other animals began to change.
Until then, they were broadly divided into those which
ate him when they got the chance, those which he ate
when he got the chance, and a third group which
competed with him for food, or was otherwise a
nuisance to him in the business of keeping alive.
In the primitive situation, man was, therefore,
basically, against Nature but, as the battle was
progressively won, conscience crept in, the awareness
of responsibility, and a failure to meet it, produced
feelings of guilt. Those who live in cities and need no
longer do battle against Nature are nowadays most
actively for Nature. At this time, something like a thousand kinds of
animals (vertebrate animals) can be said to be in
danger of extinction. A few of them have been reduced
to this precarious position by extensive killing but the
majority are disappearing only as fast as the particular
kind of country they need for existence is itself
disappearing: and all this at the hands of man, as
often as not by mistake. There are three species of turtles whose future
survival is menaced by the demand for turtle soup,
which would hardly justify the extermination of a giant
reptile whose family has existed for 200 million years.
Leopards are in jeopardy because of the fashion for
their skins. As they get rarer, the prices rise and, as
leopard skin coats become more expensive, the
demand increases. No species can long survive the
price of 360,000 which a half-grown baby leopard now
carries on its skin. And crocodile, the longest surviving
reptiles, are now dwindling alarmingly as a result of
the fashion in crocodile skin for ladies' handbags and
men's shoes,
The human population explosion spreads
mankind across the land surfaces of the earth at an
alarining rate. There will be twice as many of us before
most of us are dead. Does this mean no room for wild
animals? Of course not. With ingenuity and
forethought, a place can be kept for them. To destroy
their habitat is as it would be to pull down a great
cathedral in order to grow potatoes on the site. A
campaign to save what remains is the concern of a
new kind of Noah's Ark – the World Wildlife Fund. It
does not believe that all is lost.
Adapted from Peter Scott's article in Sunday Times

1. The basic causes of the elimination of certain animals from the earth include.
A. man's decision to live in cities and the development of large farmlands
B. extensive killing of animals and the fast disappearance of their favourable habitats
C. man's penchant for meat and the sale of animals for meat and hides
D. a deliberate battle against Nature and the quest for leopard skin

2.From the passage, the attitude of the writer can

be described as
A. partial
B. optimistic
C. indifferent
D. pessimistic

3. The expression when man evolved a conscience

means when
А. man developed an awareness of right and
wrong
B. man's intellect improved tremendously
C. man acquired new habits
D. man became a critical creature

4. Which of the following statements is true

according to the passage?
A. Man kills animals only when he can afford to
B. Man cannot spare those animals that eat his
kind.
C. Man eats all categories of animals
D. Man poses the greatest threat to Nature

5. The sentence There will be twice many of us before

most of us are dead means
А. some increase in human and animal
population growth rates.
B. mankind is last spreading across the earth.
C. many of us will die as a result of population
explosion
D. the population growth rate will double before
our death

PASSAGE II
The 2002 World Cup Competition, also called Korea)
Japan 2002, kicked off with a match between the
defending champions, France, and the Senegalese
national team from Africa. Nobody had given the
Senegalese any chance against the the star-studded
defending champions but the 1-0 score line in favour
of Senegal showed that African football can no longer
be taken for granted.
This shocking defeat of France had raised Africa's
hopes of going beyond the first of the tournament. So
when the Super Eagles of Nigeria filed out against
Argentina on the morning of Sunday, June the second,
2002, many Nigerian football enthusiasts delayed
attending church service to watch the match live on the
television. As expected, the Super Eagles put up strong
resistance to the Argentinian challenge and the day
would not have ended on a somber note for Nigerians
if the momentum had been sustained throughout the
match.
The hope of going beyond the first round, though
precarious, was very much alive as the Eagles were
expected to defeat their next opponents, Sweden and
England. But some shortcomings in the Nigerian
national team needed to be rectified to brighten their
chances against their next opponents
First, the defence needed to be strengthened to
prevent the opponents from incessantly terrorizing the
goalkeeper. Then the strikers also needed to improve
on their lacklustre performance against Argentina,
since every Nigerian expected them to overwhelm their
next opponents in the opening rounds. Lastly, rather
than gamble with unfit players, a more creative use of
the reserves would be necessary to smooth the way to
the next round.
If World Cup debutants, Senegal, could nurse the
hope of playing in the knock-out stages of the
tournament, then the Eagles should soar instead of
being intimidated by big names, for no team is
invincible.

6. Which of the following captures the writer's

suggestion on how the Eagles could improve their
performance in subsequent matches?
A. Better goalkeeping, a better attack and a
stronger midfield
B. Replacement of injured players, stronger
attackers and a rugged defence
C. Good coaching, more strikers and more
defenders
D. Fair officiating, good goalkeeping and fast
players

7. A suitable title for this passage is

A. African Teams in the 2002 World Cup
B. The FIFA Korea/Japan 2002
C. The Nigerian and the Senegalese Teams
D. The Eagles in World Cup 2002

8. From the argument in the last paragraph, it can

be concluded that the Eagles were
A. more experience than the Senegalese team
B. not as strong as the Senegalese team
C. more timid and goal-shy than their opponents
D. not sure of getting to the next round of the
tournament

9.The word debutants, as used in the passage,

means
A. hard-fingers5432B.
B. under-dogs
C. first-timers
D. giant killers

10. From the passage, it can be concluded that the

writer
A. was optimistic about the chances of the
Eagles
B. did not fancy the Eagles' chances
C. was non-committal about the chances of the
Eagles
D. was certain about the Eagles' chances

PASSAGE III
Attitudes towards the smoking of cigarettes and the
consumption of alcohol may be used to illustrate typical
African ethics. Apart from the fact that smoking has
now been linked with the lung cancer disease, the
African moralist has always regarded smoking as an
indication of moral degradation. A number of people
have accepted the moralist idea on smoking. Some
have refrained from smoking, and those who could
influence others, such as parents and religious
leaders, have also exerted their influence to prevent
others from smoking. On the other hand, a good many
people have remained indifferent to the moralist view
and have continued to smoke. The same argument
has been applied to the consumption of alcohol. The
African moralist, basing his judgement on the
behaviour of a few alcoholics, tends to regard the habit
of taking alcohol as a sign of wretchedness. The
moralist holds the view that anybody who forms the
habit of consuming alcohol will never do well in life.
While this may be true in respect of a few people in the
society, the fear of the moralist has been justified.
However, the economist is primarily interested in the
habit of smoking and the consumption of alcohol in so
far as they give satisfaction to smokers and drinkers
and so generate supply of and demand for tobacco
and alcohol. The economist is interested in knowing
how many packets of cigarettes are consumed and to
what extent an increase or fall in consumption could
affect production, that is, supply. Similarly, he is resources to cover the wants.
interested in how much beer is consumed and how
the supply of beer will adjust to the demand for it. He
examines the habits and the pressures which can lead
to the re-adjustment of wants and the reallocation
Some moral principles associated with religion
certain religions are expected not to consume pork
tend to lead on to economic problems. Followers
take alcohol or smoke tobacco. Devotees of some
religious groups, on the other hand, can eat pork while
others are expected to abstain from alcohol and
smoking. Strict observance of these moral rules could
cripple the breweries, the cigarette factories and some
businesses. However, there seems to be a growing
number of alcohol consumers and cigarette smokers
- a development which should be of interest to the
Economist

11. The position maintained by the moralist and the

economist can be described as being
A. at variance B. very agreeable
C. quite indifferent D. very passionate

12. Which of the following statements is true

according to the passage?
A. People who drink or smoke surely die of
cancer
B. Everyone ignores the moralist view on
drinking and smoking
C. Smoking and drinking may have positive
effects on the economy
D. Total abstinence from drinking and smoking
is a religious

13. It can be concluded from the passage that

morality, religion and economy are
A. clearly interconnected
B. certainly different
C. somewhat interconnected
D. certainly unrelated
14. The view expressed by writer in the last paragraph
is that
A. the number of alcoholics and smokers is
certainly increasing
B. more people now abstain from drinking and
smoking
C. more people appear to take to drinking and
smoking
D. sales of alcohol and tobacco products have
improved tremendously

15. According to the passage, the moralist idea is that

A it is typically African not to smoke cigarettes
B. people should accept a point of view only
when they are convicted
C. smoking is not good but a little alcohol may
be permitted
D. the smoking of cigarettes is bad and
unacceptable

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each
gap. Each question carries 2 marks.

A prepared speech is not easy to deliver, especially if it

is not written by the presenter. A ...16... (A. document
B. free C. manuscript D. quantum) delivery is one which the speech has been written out word for word
and is read to ...17... (A. a gathering B. a conference
c. a congregation D. an audience). This kind of
delivery is usually reserved for very ...18... (A. formal B.
genuine C. impromptu D. guaranteed) occasions
when exact wording is ...19... (A. conclusive B. critical
C. reportive D. speculative), such as the State of the
Union Address or speeches before United Nations
General ...20... (A. Negotiation B. Organization C.
Assembly D. Audience). The primary advantage is
that the speech may be highly ...21... (A. polished B.
advanced C. analogues D. discreet) in terms of word
choice, turns of phrase, and development of ideas.
The main disadvantage is that this type of delivery is
difficult to do well. Reading aloud with meaningful
....22... (A. anticipatory B. profuse C. bifocal D. vocal)
inflection requires the speaker to be very familiar with
the text. If not, the words will come out in a choppy,
expressionless way. Such poor delivery could destroy
any ...23... (A. interactive B. restrictive C. positive D.
decisive) effects created by the carefully chosen ...24...
(A. language B. slang C. dialect D. rhetoric). Lack of
familiarity with the ...25... (A. exchange B. text C. note
D. context) could also prevent speaker from
maintaining eye contact with the people being
addressed.

Adapted from Philips, G. M.et al (1985),

Speaking in Public and Private,
Indianapolis: Bobbs - Merril

LEXIS, STRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS

In each of questions 26 to 30, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence. Each question carries 2 marks

26. In spite of his humble beginning. Audu now throws

his weight around.
A. Audu is arrogant despite his simple
upbringing
B. Despite his obvious poverty, Audu is a proud
man.
C. His noble birth notwithstanding, Audu is a
proud man
D. From his poor background, Audu is now a
rich man

27. Ngozi has always considered her father to be an

impassioned man
A. Her father is a very lively man
B. Her father is an emotional man
C. Her father is a disciplined man
D. Her father is a very strict man

28. The elders rebuked Olu for taking issue with his
principal
A. Olu was cautioned for shouting at his principal
B. Olu was scolded for acting in collusion with
his principal
C. Olu was reprimanded for arguing with his
principal
D. Olu was blamed for issuing a statement
denying his principal

29. The manager paid us in hard currency

A We were paid in new notes
B. We were paid in foreign currency
C. We were paid in dollars and pound sterling
D. We were paid in a strong and stable currency

30. If he went to London, he would see the Queen

A. When he goes to London, he will see the Queen
B. He did not go to London and did not see the
Queen
C. He did not see the Queen when he went to
London
D. He would like to see the Queen when he goes
to London

(Questions 31 to 100 carry 1 mark each)

In each of questions 31 to 45, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word(s) or
phrase in italics

31. Only those who are gullible fall victim to his trickery
А. Saucy
B. devastated
C. courteous
D. astute

32. He is well known for his inordinate ambition

A. excessive
C. moderate
B. passionate
D. sound

33. Students could be timid

A. friendly
B. bold
C. covetous
D. pugnacious00

34. The witness decided to conceal the evidence

A divulge
C. destroy
B. hide
D. waive

35. The members of the congregation were inspired

by the sermon
A. bewitched
B. enthralled
C. disenchanted
D. disorientated

36. Agbenu was ecstatic about her result

A. dispassionate
C. pessimistic
B. sad
D. mad

37. The labour leader's recalcitrant stance was applauded

A. stubborn
C. uncompromising
B. flexible
D. well-informed

38. A cool bath in a hot weather can be truly

invigorating
A. devastating
C. debilitating
B. unpalatable
D. disgusting

39. I am loath to do the assignment

A. willing
C. waiting
B. unwilling
D. dying

40. Toyin is married to an impatient, self-centered man

A a fretful
C. an edgy
B. a tolerant
D. a tolerable

41. Gregarious animals can be found in the zoo.

А. various
C. lonely
B. Wild
D. Tame

42. The doctor examine the patient painstakingly.

A perfunctorily
C. painfully
B. professionally
D. carefully

43. The company has continued to monopolize the

distribution of the products.
A centralize
B. liberalize
C. specialize
D. regularize.

44. A conservative estimate put the number of missing persons at forty

A. rough
C. A primitive
B. An accurate
D. An incorrect

45. The agency has sworn to deal with all apostles of confederation.
A. proponents
C. apostates
B. protagonists D. opponents
In each of questions 46 to 60, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word(s) or phrase in italics

46. The leader has the unstinting support of his party.

A. unsparing
C. uninspiring
B. laudable
D. cautious

47. The party supporters vilified the Chairman for the

role he played in the crisis that rocked the party.
A. elected
B. challenged
C. condemned
D. impeached

48. The company is to shed three thousand staff this

year.
A. demote
C. throw up
B. lay off
D. placate

49. There was a glut of oil on the market

A. a variety of
B. an accumulation
C. an abundance of
D. an increase in

50. A few years ago, nobody would have believed that

the economy would turn around.
A deteriorate
C. stagnate
B. improve
D. change

51. Before announcing his retirement, Ochima

resolved to settle an account with the bank.
A. pay back all he owes
B. close his account with
C. retire his loans from D. get back at

52. The boys knew that a storm was imminent.

A possible
C. threatening
B. impending
D. encroaching

53. The nurse was in favour at voluntary euthanasia.

A. a painless death C. a sleeping pill
B. a simple operation D. a major operation

54. The cynics feared that the nation's nascent democracy would fail.
A. pessimists
C. critics
B. delinquents
D. illusionists

55. The essence of governance is to seek the good

and well-being of the majority of the people.
A. importance
C. characteristic
B. goal
D. secret
56. From what she said, one may infer that she does
not like the course.
A. suppose
C. deduce
B. realize
D. agree

57. He shared his room with a person whose

behaviour was quite nauseating.
A disrespectful
C. discouraging
B. disgrateful
D. disgusting

58. The carpenter built a commodious wardrobe

A gigantic
C. spacious
B. small
D. wide

59. Publishing as a business venture has become a

hot potato in Nigeria.
A. unpleasant
B. profitable
Ç. unacceptable
D. expensive

60. The man's story sounded plausible to his

audience
A. fantastic
C. credible
B. credulous
D. entertaining

In each of questions 61 to 85, fill each gap with most

appropriate option from the list provided

61. I can't stand people prying into my private life,

Ladi said.... [A. Me neither B. Me too C. I also
D. Likewise myself) agreed Agbenu.
62. The sergeant spoke to me in a ... (A. coerce B
coarse C. course D. causaſ manner.
63. The reason why he was not offered admission
was.. [A. because B. that C. when D. owing to
his result could not be found
64. Adika ... (A. receive B. receives C. has received
D. had received a message from the Club
regularly
65. Three quarters of the people in the village ... (A.
were/was B. were/were C. was/were D. was
was) affected.
66. If you saw the photograph of the man ... [A. can
B. will C. would D. could you be able to identify
him
67. It is bad to take (A. someone's else's
B. someone's else C. someone's else
D. someone else) property without permission.
68. As Obande does not know anyone in this city, he
hopes that some kind ... (A. men B. individuals
C. man D. inhabitants) will put him up for the
night
69. Be careful not to ... [A. lose B. loose C. loss
D. lost this money.
70. How is the new editor ... [A. pushing B. going
C. getting D. moving) on with his work?
71. Nowadays, many graduates are not well disposed
to teaching ... (A. do they? B. they are? C. aren't
they? D. are they?]
72. The armed robbers went the into house and
robbed the three ... (A. women's occupants B.
women occupants C. woman occupants D.
I woman's occupants)
• 73. It is often ... that inflation [A. say/resulted B
said/result C. said/results D. say/result] from
too much money chasing very few goods
74. If you would do me this favour, 1... (A. will B. shall
C. would D. should be very grateful.
75. I have the ... [A privilege B. privilege C. privilege
D. privilege) of meeting the President.
76. My classmate ... [A. that B. whose C. whom D.
which) I haven't seen for year, wrote to me last
week.
77. Four weeks... [A. has been B. are C. were D. is
enough for the police to conclude their
investigation
78. The woman is one of the ... (A. elitists B. elites
C. elite D. elitist of the society
79. The doctor asked the patient what ... (A. is the
problem B. the problem was C. the problem is
D. is your problem)
80. He put... (A. a white dozen eggs B. dozen white
eggs C. a dozen white eggs D. white dozen
eggs) in a basket.
81. Idakwo ran ... (A. lest he almost B. Jest he will C. Jest he should D. lest he may] miss the rain
82. Course (A. material B. materials C material's
D. materials writers are to reflect local colour.
83. It was a free-for-all and the students were blamed
for taking the law... (A. into their hands B. in their
hands C. into their own hands D. in their own
hands)
84. Ali plays... [A. their B. some C. a D. the) violin
with remarkable skill.
85. The candidate's charisma should be a
(A. determinable B. determining C. determinant
D. determinatej factor in winning the election

In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that

has the same vowel as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined
86. colonel
A goal B. colony C. golden D. girl
87. tend
A jeopardy B. turned C. earned D. caned

88. market
A. get B. mortgage C. enter D. bachelor

In each of questions 89 to 91, choose the option that

has different vowel sound from the letters

89. A. dear B. fair

C. bear D. there

90. A. hope B. cost

C. coast D. won't

91. A naught B. north C. spot D. law

In each of questions 92 to 94, choose the option that

has the same consonant sound as the one
represented by the letter(s) underlined
92. concrete
А. attend B. anxious C. concern D. consider

93. chalet
A. college B. chemical
C chairman D. champagne

94. teeth
A. though B taught
C. thought D. tank

In each of questions 95 and 96, choose the option that has a different consonant sound from the others

95 A. shoe B. ocean C. chef D. chief

96 A. laugh B. off C. wife D. of

In each of questions 97 and 98, choose the option

at has the same stress pattern as the given word

97. Cement
A. empty (noun)
B. interest
C. perfect (adjective)
D. include

98. typist
A. rebel (noun
B. superb
C. refuse (noun
D. propose

In each of questions 99 and 100, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to
which the sentence relates

99. My MOTHER served rice and fresh fish stew for dinner.
A. What kind of meal did your mother serve
for dinner.
B. Did your mother serve rice and fresh fish stew
for lunch?
C. What kind of stew did your mother serve for
dinner?
D. Who served rice and fresh fish stew for
dinner?
100.The President SPOKE to the press.
A. Who spoke to the press?
B. Are these the pressmen that the President
spoke to?
C. Did the President speak to the press?
D. Did the President write to the press?

USE OF ENGLISH 2004

Read the passage I and II carefully and answer the questions that follows
PASSAGE I
We knew early in our life that the atmosphere in our home was different from that in many other homes,
where husbands and wives quarrel and where was drunkenness, laziness or indifference – things we never
saw in our family. We chafed and grumbled at the strictness of my father’s regime. We went to hide whenever
we broke the rules too visibly. We knew, nevertheless, that our parents wanted good things for us. Some of
these, such as the insistence on our going to school and never missing a day, we accepted readily enough,
although, like most other children, we occasionally yielded to the temptation to play truant. However, in other
cases such as their effort to keep us out of contact with the difficult life- the drinking and fighting and beer-
brewing and gambling- their failure was inevitable. They could not keep us insulated. By the time we move
about, we were already seeing things with eyes and judging things by the standards we had absorbed from
them.
 It was borne in on me and my brothers at a very early age that our father was an uncommon man. for one
thing, in most African families, work around the home was women’s work. So we were vastly impressed by
the fact that whenever my mother was away, my father could and did do all her jobs-cooking, cleaning and
looking after us. We lived in this way in a community in which housework was regarded as being beneath
male dignity. Even in families which, like ours, produced boy after boy-our sister came fifth-it simply meant
that the mother carried a greater and greater burden of work. In our family, nevertheless; the boys did girls
‘work and my father did it with us.

One of the prime chores of life in the family was fetching water from the pump down the street, some two
hundred metres from our door. Since the pump was not unlocked until six in the morning and there was
always crowding, a system had developed whereby you got out before dawn, placed your twenty-litre tin in
line, and then went home, returning latter to take your place. Often, of course, tins would be moved back in
line, and others moved ahead. This could be corrected if none of these in front were too big a challenge.

When taps were substituted for the pumps, the first one installed was nearly a kilometre away from our
house and we had to make the trek with the water tins balanced on our heads – an indignity because this was
the way girls, not proud males, carried their derisive laughter. We did our jobs doggedly, that
notwithstanding, because our father and mother expected it of us. Out of choice, our father did everything we
did, including fetching water on occasion, and commanded us by sheer force of his example.

1. Which of the following describes the father's role in the family?

A. being too hard on the children
B. serving the children
C. leading by example
D. usurping his wife's role in the family

2. By describing his father as an uncommon man, the writer means that he is

A. strick
B. kind
C. amenable
D. remarkable

3. A suitable title for the passage is

A. The Unusual Parent
B. A Village Life
C. An Experience in Early Life
D. The Problem of Water

4. The word atmosphere, as used in the first paragraph of the passage, means
A. pattern
B. perference
C. unity
D. disposition

5. When of the following statements captures the family's approach to housework?

A. the boys were not allowed to do girls work
B. their mother did the cooking and cleaning willingly
C. no job was reserved for anyone on the basis of gender
D. the water needed was provided by everyone

PASSAGE II
A wolf, seeing a lamb drinking from a river, wanted to find a pretext, for devouring him. He stood higher up
the stream and accused the lamb of muddying the water so that he could not drink. The lamb said that he
drank only with the tip of his tongue, and that in any case he was standing lower down the river, and could
not possibly disturb the water higher up, ‘when this excuse failed him, the wolf said: ‘Well, last year you
insulted my father .’I wasn’t even born then, ‘replied the lamb.

You are good at finding answers, ‘said the wolf, ‘but what do you mean by taking up so much of the path
where I am walking? The lamb, frightened at the wolf’s angry tone and terrible aspect, told him, with all due
submission, that he could not conceive how his walking on such a wide path could occasion him any
inconvenience. ‘What! Exclaimed the wolf, seemingly in great anger and indignation. ‘You are as impudent as
your father who seized me by the throat last year, and caused me to be kept in a cage for three months.

If you will believe me, ‘said the lamb, my parents are poor simple creatures who live entirely by green stuff;
we are none of us hunters of your species. ‘Ah! I see it’s no use talking to you, ‘said the wolf, drawing up close
to him. ‘it runs in the blood of your family to hate us wolves, and therefore, as we have come so conveniently
together, I’ll just pay off a few of your forefathers scores before we part. ‘so, saying he leapt at the lamb from
behind and garroted him.

6. The expression when excuse failed him suggests that the

A. wolf only made up the charges levelled against the lamb
B. lamb was more intelligent than the wolf
C. lamb was prepared for the charges levelled against him
D. wolf was uncertain of the charges levelled against the lamb

7. The expression angry tone and terrible aspect refers to the wolf's
A. sonorous voice and overbearing attitude
B. towering size and thunderous voice
C. harsh voice and menacing posture
D. loud voice and fretting movement

8. Which of the following aptly describes the moral of the story?

A. the sins of the forefathers are visited upon the children no matter how long it takes
B. if you have made up your mind to hang your dog, any rope will do for the purpose
C. the law is week in defence of the poor against the rich and mighty.
D. no matter how highly placed he is in society; the unmindful lawbreaker will always meet his nemesis.

9. From the way the story ended, it can be concluded that the
A. lamb did not survive the encounter
B. wolf and the lamb parted amicably
C. wolf had encountered the lamb's parents
D. lamb offended the wolf quite seriously

10. The charges levelled against the lamb are

A. greed, wandering, insolence and disrespect
B. exuberance, pollution, wickedness and stubbornness
C. garrulity, loquacity, pride and arrogance
D. pollulation, insolence, obstruction and aggression

PASSAGE III
The passage below has gaps numbered 11 to 20. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided.
Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.
Capitalism is an economic system which is founded on the principle of free enterprise and the private
ownership of the means of production and distribution. The - 11 – [A. protagonists B. antagonists C.
determiners D. attorneys] of capitalism claim that its essential characteristic is economic - 12- [A.
exploitation B. manipulation C. maneuvering D. freedom]. The producer is free to produce whatever goods
he – 13 - [A. sells B. buys C. fancies D. manufactures]. but the - 14 – [ A. customer B. consumer C. controller
D. marketer]. is equally free to buy what he wants. There is a market mechanism under this system, which
brings the producer and consumer together and tends to equate the supplies of the one to the demands of
the other, and -15 – [A. neutralize B. harmonize C. settle D. decide] the whims and caprice of both. It is this
same - 16 – [A. market B. controlling C. operational D. production] mechanism which determines what prices
the consumers pay to the producers, as what share of the total - 17- [ A. dividends B. interest C. output D.
profit], in cash or kind, goes to each of the four recognized -18 – [ A. managers B. agents C. methods D.
factors] of production – land, labour capital and organization. It is further claimed for this system that every
person is capable of watching his or her own interest, and that whatever injustice is done by the - 19 – [A.
pricing B. operations C. managers D. buyers and sellers] of the market mechanism, this mechanism tends to
bring about a state of - 20 – [ A. conflict B. equidistance C. equilibrium D. opprobrium] between the
producers and the consumers.

PASSAGE IV
If once in a lifetime, you see a blue moon, don’t think your eyes are playing tricks on you. It is caused by dust
in our upper atmosphere; ice crystals are what make you see rings around the moon. .

Over the centuries, magical powers have been attributed to the moon. it has been said to bring on lunacy,
affect the growth of plants, eyes of cats, spots of panthers, functions of women and activities of ghosts France
once had a law against cutting timber except during a waning moon. The moon and to a lesser degree the sun,
does cause the ocean tides because of their gravitational pull. But a common mistake of primitive people is to
think that everything timed in the same rhythm as the moon is caused by it.
All the moon gazing, probing and measuring has never solved the big problem it’s origin One theory is that it
began as a planet, got too near the more massive earth, was captured ‘and turned into a satellite. Another is
that the moon is the result of a giant tidal bulge forming on our earth’s surface, separating, then spinning off
into space. If the latter theory is true, scientists say, there would be two clues; the moon would consist of
lighter material than the earth, and the earth would be left with a scar. As a matter of fact, the moon does
weigh less. And the Pacific Ocean does have a scar like bottom of basaltic rocks instead of the granite rocks
instead of the granite rocks usually found near the earth’s surface.
But the assumption that, if man can get to the moon, he’ll find the answer is unfounded. Man has been on
the earth hundreds of thousands of yours without determining the earth’s origin. Scientist, of course, will
never give up either quest.

Indeed, ‘for thousands of years the moon has worked a spell of fascination over all the people on its near
neighbour, the earth. The ancient worshipped this lamp in the sky and speculated about it endlessly. Modern
astronomers continue to explore its mysteries almost every night of the year, and with reason.

Age’s ego, before artificial light was known, it was known, it was important as illumination at night. As
everyone knows, the moon has no light of its own; it shines with the cold reflection of the distant sun, but
actually the moon is a poor mirror, reflecting only a fourteenth of the sunlight received. The earth reflects a
third of its sunlight providing its satellite with ‘earth light ‘sixty times as bright as the best moonlight. That’s
why we sometimes see the whole moon faintly when the sun is lighting up only a narrow crescent.

21. The phrase near neighbour, as used in the passage, shows that
A. moonlight generally shares many characteristics with 'earth light'
B. moonlight shines brighter on the earth's surface than perhaps elsewhere
C. the earth actually shares boundaries with the moon
D. the earth is nearer to the moon than to the sun

22. The passage suggests that a

A. trick of the moon
B. regular event
C. rare phenomenon
D. life-long opportunity

23. The sentence over the centuries, magical powers have been attributed to the moonsuggests that
A. it is a common belief that the moon has magical powers
B. people perform magic with the moon
C. the moon actually possesses magical powers
D. the moon reflects magical powers from the sun's rays
24. The expression ''either quest'' refers to the origin of
A. neither the moon nor the earth
B. the moon or the earth
C. the moon
D. the earth

25. A suitable title for the passage is

A. The Magical Powers of the Moon
B. The Lunar Cycle
C. Facts about the Moon
D. Moon - Gazing

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

26. I shall find time for my ..... when I get ....... with this difficult assignment?
A. past-time / over
B. pass-time / over
C. passtime / through
D. pastime /through

27. Agbo says he is not afraid of .......?

A. anybody
B. nothing
C. nobody
D. no one

28. It is ...... responsibility to look after parents in old age?

A. theirs'
B. their
C. theirs
D. their's

29. One needs to exemplify or ....... the aspect of the subject being discussed?
A. supply
B. declare
C. satisfy
D. demonstrate

30. ....... his illness, Muhammad could not come to school?

A. wtih reference to
B. referring to
C. owing to
D. due to

31. After so many trials, the experiment ....... ?

A. paid up
B. paid for
C. paid out
D. paid off

32. People dislike Mariam because she is ......?

A. trickful
B. trickish
C. tricky
D. a tricker

33. The reporter said that the Honorable speaker …… impeached

A. is to be
B. might have been
C. may have been
D. will have been

34. Actually, he forgot the one to ...... the job was given?
A. whom
B. who
C. whomever
D. whoever

35. You may not have heard the last word on the matter ...... ?
A. may you have
B. haven't you
C. have you
D. mayn't have you

36. All God's prophets were given the great ...... to preach salvation to people?
A. commision
B. commition
C. comision
D. commission

37. Ali goes to stadium regularly, but he ...... to the church for months?
A. hasn't been
B. haven't been
C. didn't go
D. hadn't been
38. Each of the houses ...... a new look?
A. have got
B. have
C. has
D. were given

39. The minister addressed the workers to boost their ......?

A. morale
B. morality
C. mural
D. moral

40. He isn't coming home, is he? ....... he isn't

A. yes
B. no
C. why
D. now

41. The city …... as a federal capital city only ….. the last 24 years
A. has existed/for
B. existed/over
C. was existing
D. is existing/in

42. No teacher of honour would subject his student to any form of ......?
A. harassement
B. harassment
C. harrassement
D. harrassment

43. Each producer is able to place on his product by considering its ........ ?
A. worth
B. choice
C. judgement
D. assessment

44. The police claim that a number of stolen cars ....... recovered?
A. has being
B. is being
C. has been
D. have been

45. The storm …. Havoc on several buildings in the village

A. wreaked
B. wrecked
C. made
D. did

46. The chair man refused to shake ........ with the secretary.
A. hand
B. his hand
C. hands
D. his hands

47. The poor widow who could not buy the clothes was seen ....... her wool into ....... yesterday?
A. to spin / yards
B. spinning / yarn
C. making / tailoring
D. to spill / clothes

48. He not only looked after the children when their parents died, ...... sponsored their education to
university?
A. but also
B. also he
C. but he
D. also

49. His supporters railed round him in moments of ........ ?

A. critism
B. crisis
C. acrimony
D. disilusionment

50. The interpreter was wrong because he gave the congregation a ....... translation of the pastor's statement?
A. literal
B. unilateral
C. literary
D. lateral

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

51. Judge
A. gear
B. spinach
C. pleasure
D. camouflage

52. Caused
A. chanced
B. frost
C. released
D. realized

53. Mischief
A. Christmas
B. ritual
C. brochure
D. champagne

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

54. Everyone was ready to play the devil's advocate in the impeachment to encourage discussion on it?
A. everyone was willing to speak against the impeachment to encourage discussion on it
B. everyone was willing to defend an unpopular point of view concerning the impeachment
C. everyone was willing to fight for the defenseless citizens no matter the consequences
D. everyone was willing to be an evil genius in the controversy

55. Adamu's father a key figure in that ministry?

A. The ministry trusts Adamu's father as a central figure
B. Adamu's father as a figurehead in the ministry
C. Adamu's father's position is essential in the ministry
D. Adamu's father keeps the key to the ministry

56. The government warns that drink-driving is punishable under the law?
A. a drunkard driving can be punished
B. driving while drunk is an offence
C. driving while drunking can be punished
D. drinking and driving is an offence

57. In many countries, democracy is ostensibly being practiced?

A. democracy is indeed being in many countries
B. many countries have effective democracy
C. many countries have democracy in practice
D. democracy is apparently practiced in many countries

58. The investigators stated clearly that they had reached a dead end in their scrutiny of suspects in the
murder case?
A. the investigator did not know what to do with the suspects' murder
B. the investigators had evidence to sentence the suspects to death in the end
C. There was no further progress in the investigation of the murder suspects
D. the end had come for the suspects in the murder case

Choose the option that has a different stress pattern from the other.
59. A. secondment B. orthopedic C. oriental D. photograpihc

60. A. rafity
B. famous
C. result
D. taxi

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

61. Sailors are unusually dauntless in their exploits

A. selfless
B. ruthless
C. excited
D. frightened

62. The potency of the drug has been acknowledge?

A. action
B. loss
C. inefficacy
D. power

63. The dictator wanted tractable men in his cabinet?

A. reliable
B. intelligent
C. tough
D. unruly

64. After the war, the visitors became increasingly vindictive

A. friendly
B. vociferous
C. arrogant
D. treacherous

65. The ship was imperiled by high winds

A. piloted
B. destroyed
C. deceived
D. saved
66. Beauty queens sometimes wears outlandish dresses
A. beautiful
B. flashy
C. familiar
D. attractive

67. The journalist said he was working freelance.

A. tirelessly
B. without a pay
C. satisfactorily
D. dependently

68. My father's presentation was rather casual

A. formal
B. vital
C. informal
D. divisive

69. The Flying Eagles put up a plucky defence against their opponents
A. strong
B. weak
C. careless
D. tactful

70. The man who scared the girl was a bit deranged
A. sane
B. amorous
C. crazy
D. dangerous

71. The injured man is determined to get back at his assailant

A. attack
B. identify
C. visit
D. forgive

72. The player writhed in pain after the fail

A. remained still
B. cried out
C. walked out
D. shook violently

73. The noise of the fans unnerved the star player?

A. refreshed
B. confused
C. helped
D. calmed

74. The team got an ecstatic welcome from the crowd

A. an unexpected
B. a joyous
C. a cold
D. a thunderous

75. We found a shady place for the display

A. an open
B. an unsafe
C. a stuffy
D. an enclosed

Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters,

76. expostulate
A. exposTUlate
B. expostuLATE
C. EXpostulate
D. exPOStulate

77. sufficiency
A. sufFIciency
B. SUFFiciency
C. sufficienCY
D. suffiCIENcy

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s).

78. The town was in such a turmoil that the dance as called off
A. mouring state
B. rainly state
C. state of darkness
D. state of confusion

79. The festivals create in the people of feeling of pride in their cultural heritage
A. history
B. heirloom
C. legacy
D. possession

80. Funnily enough, the priest prayed for the robber who shot him
A. Timidly
B. Unexpectedly
C. Disappointingly
D. Fearlessly

81. The presence of the captain makes the sailors ill at ease
A. uncomfortable
B. sickly
C. impatient
D. easily ill

82. The press described the efforts of the government in pejorative terms
A. critical
B. contemptible
C. palpable
D. superlative

83. Okonkwo manages his household with a heavy hand

A. like a powerful dictator
B. using the cane on every occasion
C. without tolerating weakness
D. like a heavyweight champion

84. The school's badge is the insignia? of office for all the perfects in the school
A. power
B. symbol
C. seal
D. recognition

85. Ibro shows enough liberality with his meagre income

A. generosity
B. frugality
C. prodigality
D. insensitivity

86. It is a misnomer to call three thousand naira a living wage

A. an incontrovertible assertion
B. an appropriate term
C. a wrong description
D. a mishmash

87. His plans boomeranged on him

A. bounced
B. fell
C. catapulted
D. backfired

88. The manager's knowledge of the strike is of the utmost importance?

A. standard
B. genuine
C. paramount
D. basic

89. There has been a downturn in the affairs of the company

A. a massive increase
B. a turn-around
C. little progress
D. a decline

90. The mottled skin of a person with HIV indicates an advanced stage of its development
A. brown
B. spotted
C. scaly
D. pimply

91. In spite of constant financial support from his father, Udenyi treats his studies with considerable levity
A. seriousness
B. enthusiasm
C. wastefulness
D. lassitude

92. The prosecutor was fully able to substantiate the charge

A. expatiate on
B. prove
C. dismiss
D. weaken

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

93. The teacher wants MY pen

A. Does the teacher want his pen?
B. What does the teacher want?
C. Does the teacher want your ruler?
D. Who wants my pen?

94. The student BOUGHT the book.

A. Who bought the book?
B. Did the student steal the book ?
C. What did the student buy?
D. How will the student get the book?

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letters(s). underlined.

95. nine
A. pint
B. gill
C. pin
D. click

96. bear
A. beer
B. steer
C. rare
D. fear

Choose the option that has the stress on the first syllable.
97. A. circulation
B. eleven
C. impossible
D. criticism

98. A. bachelor
B. condemn
C. afternoon
D. intact

Choose the option that has a different vowel sound from the others.
99. A. foul
B. tout
C. owl
D. foe

100. A. alter
B. water
C. pot
D. hall

USE OF ENGLISH JAMB 2005

Read passages 1. I and II carefully and answer the questions that follow

PASSAGE 1
One of the most potent elements in body language
$ eye behavior You sh your eyes, meet another
person's gaze or fail to meet it and produce an effect
out of all proportion to the trifling muscular effort you
have made When two people look searchingly into
each other's eyes, emotions are heightened and the
relationship tipped toward greater intimacy
In normal conversation, each eye contact lasts
only about a second before one or both individuals
look away Because the longer meeting of the eyes is
rare. It is weighted with significance when it happens
and can generate a special kind of human-to-human
awareness. Most of the time, a lingering look is inter-
preted as a sign of attraction and this should be scru-
pulously avoided except in appropriate circumstances
A young woman once complained. That man makes
me so uncomfortable, half the time when I glance at
him he's already looking at me - and he keeps right on
looking
Proper street behaviour requires a balance of at-
tention and intention. You are supposed to look at a
passer-by just enough to show that you are aware of
his presence. If you look too little, you appear haughty
or furtive, too much and you are inquisitive. Usually
what happens is that people eye each other until they
are about eight feet apart, at which point both cast
down their eyes
Much of eye behaviour is so subtle that we react to
it only on the intuitive level. This has been demon-
strated in elaborate experiments. Subjects sit and talk
in the psychologist's laboratory, innocent of the fact
that their eye behaviour is being observed from be
hind a one-way vision screen. In one fairly typical ex-
periment, subjects were induced to cheat while per
forming a task, then were interviewed and observed. It
was found that those who had cheated met the
interviewer's eyes less often than was normal, an in-
dication that shifty eyes' can actually be a tip-off to an
attempt to deceive
However, none of the facts of eye behaviour are
cut and dried, for there are variations between indi-
viduals. People use their eyes differently and spend
different amounts of time looking at others. Besides,
no pattern of eye behaviour is precisely predictable in
any normal conversation

1. The young woman in the passage was uncom-

fortable because
A. the man appeared to be showing interest in
her by his prolonged eye contact
B. the man's short and sharp gazes would tip
the relationship toward greater intimacy
C. strangers who made the man's type of eye
contact were likely to be dangerous
D. She was allergic to eye contact

2 The reason given for the non-finality of research

results on eye contact is
A. lack of concord and foresight among psy
chologists who carry out research on eye
movement
B. lack of uniformity in eye behaviour and the
variability of contact situation
C. that some subjects cheat during experiments,
thus invalidating research findings
D. that research findings on eye contact have
not been subjected to further empirical tests.

3. From the expression proper street behaviour re.

quires anbalance of attention and intention, it
can be contluded that
A
A. even among strangers, attitudes and purposes can be deduced from eye behaviour
B. before walking the streets one must balance
one's shifty eyes
C. when intimate groups meet in the streets, eye
contact is usually longer
D. there is a balance between those with longer
eye contact and those with shorter eye contact.

4. Which of the following can be concluded from the

opening paragraph?
A. The effects of eye contact are always over.
whelming
B. Eye behaviour is one of the non-verbal ways
of communicating.
C. Eye movement is the most potent means of
expressing intimacy.
D. People are always offended by searching eye
contact.

5. From the findings of the research described in the

passage, one can reason that
A. innocent people maintain longer eye contact
than the guilty ones
B. guilty people make less frequent gazes during
interrogation
C. “shifty eyes' are equally induced by innocence
and guilt
D. a feeling of guilt is occasioned by ‘shifty eyes'

PASSAGE II
It is not possible to admit that there is life of any
sort on the moon. It is a world that is completely and
utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which,
during the heat of the day, the sun blazes down with
relentless fury, but where during the long night the
cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever
experienced on earth.
These hard facts are conveniently ignored by those
who believe that it would be possible to shoot a rocket
containing human beings to the moon, from which the
human explorers could land and explore some por-
tion of the moon's surface. The e cplorers would need
to be encased in airtight suits and provided with oxy-
gen apparatus to enable them to breathe. Even sup-
posing that they could protect themselves against the
great heat by day and the extreme cold at night, a worse
fate might be in store for them unless their suits were
completely bullet-proof. For they would be in danger of
being shot by a shooting star. The average shooting
star or meteor, which gives so strongly the impression
of a star falling from the sky, is a small fragment of
matter, usually smaller than a pea and often no longer
than a grain of sand. Space is not empty but contains
great numbers of such fragments. The earth, in its
motion round the sun, meets many of these fragments
which enter the atmosphere at a speed many times
greater than that of a rifle bullet:
The meteor, rushing through the air, becomes intensely
heated by friction and is usually completely vapourized
before it penetrates within a distance of twenty miles
from the surface of the earth. Many millions of these
fragments enter our atmosphere in the course of a
day, but the atmosphere protects us from them. On the
moon, however, they fall to the surface and so great is
siderable risk of being hit.
The difficulties that would have to be encountered
by anyone who attempted to explore the moon - as,
suming that it was possible to get there - would be
incomparably greater than those that have to be faced
in the endeavour to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
in two respects only would the lunar explorers have
the advantage, In the first place, movement would be
less fatiguing because gravitational pull of the moon
about one eightieth of that of the earth. The second
is not very great, the weight of the moon being only
advantage the lunar explorer would have over the climb-
ers on Mount Everest would be the absence of strong
winds to contend with. The moon having not atmo-
sphere, there can be no wind, nor, of course, can there
be any noise, for sound is carried by the air. The moon
is a world that is completely still and where utter silence prevails

6. The argument put forward by the writer is that

A. life exists on other worlds
B. it is untenable to claim that life exists on the
moon
C. the mountains on the moon are incomparably
greater than the summit of Mount Everest
D. lunar exploration is as difficult as climbing
Mount Everest.

7. From the passage, it can be inferred that

A. lunar explorers are usually exposed to inex-
plicable difficulties
B. the moon is an unproductive world
C. lunar explorers can only use bullet-proof suits
on the moon
D. the stars shoot arrows indiscriminately on the
moon.

8. According to the writer, life on earth is made bear-

able because of the presence of the
A. meteors
B. gravity
C. atmosphere
D. mountain tops.

9. The two advantages lunar explorers are said to

have over climbers of Mount Everest are less fatigue and the
A. absence of severe gravitational pull
B. absence of atmospheric canopy
C. weightless nature of the moon
D. absence of high winds.

10. Which of the following is true according to the pas-

sage?
A. The moon is a hard surface like the earth.
B. Like the earth, the moon is not a lifeless world.
C. Meteors grow on the surface of the moon like
the vegetation on earth'.
D. The moon and the earth are different worlds.

PASSAGE III
The Second World and African Festival of Arts and
Culture (FESTAC) was staged in Nigeria in 1977. At
the colloquium organised during the festival
, various
issues affecting the development of the black world,
including the inability of most independent African na-
tions to make a clean break with the language of colo-
nialism, were discussed by siasoned intellectuals. It
was resolved then that each African country should
assign important functions to its major indigenous
language; in order to facilitate the selection of one of
them to replace the colonial language at the national
level. This, it was hoped, could bring about the much-
needed unity and national integration. Besides, since
the different European languages in use were consid-
ered to be unsuitable for the expression of African cul-
tural values, African countries were urged to promote
lheir cultures in their local languages.
As they put it, no language could effectively ex-
in that language; therefore, a campaign should be
mounted, as a matter of urgency, to give impetus to
the promotion of African languages. The media in each
country, it was suggested should spearhead the quest
for an indigenous national language by educating,
motivating and mobilizing their government and people
towards the selection of an appropriate local language.
This, in itself, was a recognition that the media - a
term usually applied in reference to all the important
agencies of mass information and entertainment, like
the press the radio and the television – Wield
tremendous and immeasurable power through their ability to
mobilize the people and modify their behaviour,
particularly towards important national issues. Regretta-
bly, the media in Nigeria are yet to take up such major
roles that would facilitate the emergence of an indig-
enous national language in the county.

11. Which of the following is true according to the pas-

sage?
A. The sole purpose of FESTAC was to discuss
the language problems of Africa and the black
world.
B. The media in Africa can enforce indigenous
national languages.
C. National unity and cohesion will be enhanced
through an indigenous national language.
D.Colonial languages are to blame for all the
problems of Africa.

12. This as used in paragraph one refers to

A. the indigenous language
Beach African country
C. the media in Africa
D. the colonial language.

13. According to the passage, the colonial language

is
A. inadequate for African cultural expression
B. effective for national unity and cohesion
C. restricted as a result of political independence
D. superior to African languages

14. The writer's opinion of the media in Nigeria is that

they
A. favour the use of English instead of a Nigerian
language
B. have made little or no attempt to promote the
local languages
C. lack the power to mobilize the government
and people of Nigeria
D. cannot facilitate the emergence of a local
national language.

15. A suitable title for this passage is

A Africans and FESTAC Colloquium
B. African Intellectuals and Colonialism
C. The Media and the Language Problem of Africa
D. The Media and Cultural Expression in Africa
and the Black World

PASSAGE IV

The superiority of democracy over other forms of

government has long been established. From its Greek
origins the term 'democracy' has been defined as a
political... 16. A patter B. system C. influence D. he-
gemony) based on fair representation and liberty for
the individual. The ...17... (A principles B. examples
C. purposes D. statements) of liberty and equitable rep-
resentation are rooted in the definition given by Aristotle
of, Greece about 2500 years ago. In the words of
Aristotle, 'The basis of a democratic ...18... (A. instinct
B. population C. law D. statel is liberty. Aristotle also
emphasized the democratic ...19... [A. issue B. iaw C.
ideal D. form of freedom based on equality'. More
than 2000 years after Aristotle, the tenets of liberty, jus-
tice and equitable representation continue to...20...
[A. draw up B. hold sway C. move on D. swing up).
From the time of the Greek city - states to the emer-
gence of the modern nation-states, the fundamentals
of democratic rule have remained universal...21... [A.
values B. practices C. subjects D. elections). In the
western hemisphere, revolutionary struggles were
waged to enthrone democracy over ...22... [A. liberal
B. individual C. autocratic D. collective) rule. Among
these were the American Revolution of 1776, the
French Revolution of 1789 and the Haitian Revolution
of 1804, the first of such projects to be ...23... (A. prac-
tised B. undertaken C. supervised D. introduced] by a
black nation.
The American President, braham Lincoln, in the
famous Gettysburg Address, ...24... (A. multiplied B
delineated C. simplified D. complicated) the essential
features of democratic ...25... [A. governance B. gov-
ernment C. notion D. motion) when he defined de-
mocracy as a 'government of the people, by the people,
for the people'

In each of questions 26 to 35, select the option that

best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. If the rain hadn't fallen, we wouldn't have missed the match?
A. The rain is falling, so we will miss the match
B. The rain fell, so we didn't watch the match
C. The rain didn't fell, so we didn't watch the match
D. The rain didn't fall, so we didn't watch the match
27. The class was tired of the new boy jawing away all the times?
A. He bit off people's jaws
B. He was always chewing in the class
C. He was always making trouble for the class
D. He talked continuously in the class

28. The new Headmaster hoped that his men would pull together?
A. He expected that the men would cooperate with him
B. He thought that the men would compose themselves at work
C. He was certain that they would resign en masses
D. He was certain that their condition would improve under him

29. If the trader paid in full, his order was not pruned down.
A. The trader who made full payment did not have his order reduced
B. The trader whom made some payment did not have his order delayed
C. Unless the trader paid in full his order would be rejected
D. As the trader did not increase his order, he did not need to pay in full

30. The men were not pawns in someone else's political game?
A. The action they executed was their idea
B. The men used someone else's plan
C. They were used by someone's political game
D. They loved playing political games

31. The crisis ended as suddenly as it began?

A. The crisis had suddenly begun
B. The crisis will not end suddenly
C. The crisis stopped almost immediately
D. The crisis stop immediately

32. One thing I will not be complaining about in my new job is a lack of excitement?
A. The job is bad
B. The job is exciting
C. The job is not too exciting
D. The job has been previously done

33. The Governor parried all the questions put to him by the journalist?
A. The governor answered all the questions brilliantly
B. The Governor evaded all the questions
C. The Governor failed all the questions
D. The Governor mastered all the questions

34. If visited England, I might go to Manchester City?

A. When I go to England , I could go to Manchester City
B. Whenever visit England, I must go to Manchester City
C. I did not go to England and could not go to Manchester
D. I could not visit Manchester City because I did not want to go to England

35. The man puts his foot down whenever he is convinced of his action?
A. He desires to assert his will in the situation
B. He makes his mark wherever he goes
C. His attitude demonstrates someone who likes to oppress others around him
D. He demonstrates firmness of character

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

36. The teacher recounted two events that were analogous with each other?
A. similar with
B. distant from
C. advantageous to
D. different from

37. The principal was filled with scorn when we gave our reason for coming late?
A. contempt
B. sympathy
C. anger
D. pity

38. After fifty years, he could not find anyone who was contemporary with him at college.
A. strange to
B. belonged to
C. friendly with
D. contested against

39. Idris gives me a sour look every time I pass by him?

A. bad
B. satisfactory
C. friendly
D. sinister

40. The officer was given an invidious task?

A. vivid
B. cruel
C. pleasant
D. difficult
41. The views of the plateau are in a shark contrast to the workaday cottages below?
A. ordinary and uninteresting
B. beautiful and interesting
C. comfortable and fascinating
D. ugly and unfascinating

42. The president can afford to dispense with some of his henchmen?
A. detractors
B. body guards
C. sycophants
D. advisers

43. The judge did not grant the request that the witness should_____________
A. be present in person
B. be represented by a counsel
C. not appear at all
D. answer questions by phone

44. It would be difficult to defeat such a team?

A. highly deluded
B. completely disillusioned
C. very demoralized
D. very immature

45. Asabe bought a glossy pair of shoes?

A. smooth and shiny
B. rough and dull
C. smooth and shining
D. rough and gummy

46. Manu is hard to convince because he is an opinionated person?

A. an objective
B. an imperative
C. a subjective
D. a discursive

47. Some people consider the leather upholstery and thick rugs a bit sumptuous?
A. expensive
B. desirable
C. lavish
D. simple

48. The dramatist provided a satisfactory denouement to the play?

A. audition
B. climax
C. lavish
D. simple

49. Many Nigerian are wary of night journeys

A. worried about
B. satisfied with
C. unscared of
D. troubled about

50. The proprietor accused Uche of silently acquiescing to the students' demands?
A. submitting to
B. adjusting
C. compromising on
D. resisting

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s).

51. No wonder Sikemi later became a detective she

has been very observant.
A. curious B. perceptive C. inductive D. inquisitive

52. Nigeria has been playing a vital role in the politi-

cal and economic development of Africa.
Creditable
A. credible B. crucial C. respectable D. laudable

53. Emeka's painting was so realistic that it could

almost have been a photograph.
A. picturesque B. concrete C. lively D authentic

54. Courteously, Ade stood back to let his teacher go

first through the door.
A Patiently B. Politely C. Carefully D. Calmly

55. Many people used to live in poverty.

A. instability B. want C. difficulty
D. the slums

56. Accountability is certainly a desirable quality in a

politician.
A. Respectability B. Courage C. Responsibility
D. Diligence

57. The common practice among some media prac-

titioners is to be sensational in their reporting.
A. prevalent B. rampant C. ordinary D. cogent

58. That fateful decision changed the company's

outlook in many ways.
A wonderful B. disastrous C. uncontrollable D. unsuccessful

59. The accident victim received a superficial wound

from the crash.
A. a serious B. a painless C. an internal D. an external

60. The boxer fizzled out just in the sixth round.

А. knocked out his opponent
B. showed off his talents
C. became tired but fought on spiritedly
D. surrendered rather disappointingly

61. The manager described Mfon as a man of vehement character.

А. weak and uninterested B. strong and insistent
C. troublesome and noisy D. clever and helpful

62. Obi's dog is old but still lively.

Ą attractive B. howling C. barking D. frisky

63. His taciturnity amazed everyone in the court during the legal tussle.
А. Obliviousness B. reticence C. sensibility D. pervasiveness

64. The greatness of the creator of the universe is

always inexpressible to many adherents of certain faiths.
А inevitable B. wonderful C. unbearable D. ineffable

65. We made a pile in the business deal.

A. lost a lot of money B. earned a lot of money
C. broke even D. cut corners

In each of questions 66 to 85, choose the option that

best completes the gap(s).

66. Yesterday, my mother asked me...... ?

A. are you tired?
B. are you tired?
C. whether was I tired?
D. if I was tired?

67. The Bank Manager assured us that there was nothing to worry about ...... ?
A. as regard to the loan
B. with regard to the loan
C. in regard of the loan
D. with regards to the loan

68. The first prize was ....... tray?

A. a carved wooden attractive
B. a wooden attractive carved
C. an attractive carved wooden
D. a carved attractive wooden

69. Tsadu always cautions that difficult jobs should be done .......?
A. step from step
B. step by step
C. steps after steps
D. steps by steps

70. I was often angry ....... Oche since he differed ....... me often?
A. with / to
B. about / with
C. against / from
D. with / with

71. I am writing to you for ....... reasons?

A. concerned
B. several
C. plenty
D. myriad of

72. As we sat ....... the silence, my eyes ....... the room?

A. under / looked
B. over / surrounded
C. in / roamed
D. along / observed

73. Is it true that Okoro ........ when the gates were closed?
A. had returned
B. could return
C. should return
D. would return
74. The public library has stopped ........ books to readers?
A. borrowing
B. lending
C. renting
D. loaning

75. WE won't leave until it ........ raining?

A. will stop
B. stopped
C. stops
D. has stopped

76. The ...... event marked the beginning of a new life for the entire cabinet?
A. historical
B. historicity of the
C. historic
D. history of the

77. The train ...... before I arrived?

A. was leaving
B. has left
C. had left
D. would leave

78. You can travel on your on your own ....?

A. isn't it
B. can't you
C. won't you
D. shan't you

79. The man is refurbishing the flat with a view to ......it?

A. sell
B. selling
C. have sold
D. be selling

80. The Secretary-General was shocked at the number of...... ?

A. child's soildiers
B. childish soldiers
C. children soldiers
D. child soldiers

81. In spite of Shade's good looks, her hair is always ...... ?

A. unkept
B. unkempt
C. unwashed
D. uncleaned for

82. By the end of the football match today, we ...... the best player?
A. could have known
B. might have known
C. will have known
D. would have known

83. It is African for a younger person to show ...... to elders?

A. understanding
B. indifference
C. deference
D. satisfaction

84. A nursery rhyme is used to teach pupils how to spell the word ...... ?
A. hipoppotemus
B. hippoppotemus
C. hipoppotamus
D. hippopotamus

85. You, who ...... convicted, should appeal.

A. has been
B. is
C. was
D. are

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

86. beer
A. bear
B. pear
C. fair
D. pier

87. Guard?
A. gourd
B. guide
C. argue
D. chat
88. luck
A. lock
B. lack
C. brother
D. turn

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

89. Film?
A. salt
B. walk
C. Psalm
D. chalk

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letters underlined.

90. Healthy?
A. father
B. path
C. they
D. that

91. English?
A. single
B. impugn
C. ink
D. orange

53
Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters.

92. jurisprudence?
A. jUsprudence
B. juRIsprudence
C. jurisPRUdence
D. jurispruDENCE

93. suburbanite?
A. SUburbanite
B. suBURbanite
C. suburBAnite
D. suburbaNITE
55
94. departmentalize?
A. departMENtalize
B. dePARTmentalize
C. DEpartmentalize
D. departmenTALIZE

Choose the option that has the same stress pattern as the given word.

95. Refuse (noun)

A. reform
B. intact
C. obscure
D. phantom

96. downtrodden?
A. downgrading
B. prescribing
C. functional
D. internal

Choose the option that has a different stress pattern from the others.
97. A. interpreter
B. impossible
C. remarkable
D. critism

98. A. impound
B. canoe
C. subject (verb)
D. knowledge

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

99. Your mother CAN cook the meal.

A. Who will cook the meal?
B. Can my father cook the meal?
D. What can my mother do?

100. The EAGLES won the match.

A. Did the Eagles lose the match?
B. Who won the match ?
C. What did the Eagles win?
D. Did the Eagles win the match?

JAMB ENGLISH 2006

Read passages I, II and III carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE I
The root of problem which bedevil rural dwellers in Nigeria can be traced to the sad fact
that work opportunities are so restricted that they cannot work their way out of poverty and misery. Though a
great number of Nigerians still live in the villages and small towns, work opportunities exist mainly in the big
cities where development efforts are concentrated. The reason usually given for his obvious lapse is that it is
easier to establish industries and to find finance and markets to keep them going in the big cities and towns
than in the rural areas where productivity is low because of mass illiteracy and poverty.
As capital is the product of human work, rural dwellers who are desperate enough to overcome poverty often
leave the villages in search of some kind of existence in the big cities and towns. Therefore, rural
unemployment in Nigeria produces mass migration into the cities, leading to a rate of urban growth which
seriously taxes the resources of even the biggest cities like Ibadan, Lagos, Abuja and Kano. Form the sad
experience of these cities; it is easy to see how rural unemployment can become urban unemployment with
the attendant social problems like robbery, overcrowding and the growth of shanties or slums.
Such problems cannot be wished away but will remain with us until deliberate efforts are made to bring
health to economic life outside the big cities in order to check the migration of destitute rural dwellers into
town and cities that cannot absorb them.
It is necessary; therefore, that at least an important part of the development effort should bypass the bid
cities and be concerned with the provision of viable infrastructure in the small town s and villages. In this
connection, it is necessary to emphasize that the primary need is workplaces. The task should be to bring into
existence thousands or millions of new workplaces in the rural areas and small towns in order to maximize
work opportunities for rural dwellers.
For this proposition to make sense, first, the work opportunities should be created in the rural areas where
the majority of the people live, not where they tend to migrate for lack of opportunities. Second, the
production method employed must be relatively simple, so that the demands for high skills are minimized not
only in the production process itself but also in matters of organization, raw material supply, financing,
marketing and so forth. Third, production should be mainly from local materials and for local use. Lastly, rural
workplaces should be cheap enough so that they can be created in large numbers. These four requirements
together meet the description of what is usually called ‘cottage industry’. Millions of them are needed for
rural transformation in Nigeria and to check the dangerous process of mutual poisoning between urban and
rural areas in the country.

1. the expression As capital is the product of human work seems to support the argument that
A. rural dwellers who move to urban cities often overcome poverty
B. urban areas will continue to experience overcrowding as long as workplaces are concentrated there
C. urban productivity is affected by mass migration from the rural areas
D. rural people are poor because they lack work opportunities to fight back poverty

2. the expression mutual poisoning as used in the passage suggest that

A. rural and urban areas complement each other
B. migration can make urban and rural people sick
C. rural people violates urban hygiene
D. migration negates effective urban and rural life

3. The writer describes the features of a 'cottage industry' as

A. affordable energy source, availability of manpower, cheap products and easy marketing of products
B. availability of capital, high productivity, low capital demand and simplicity of operations
C. remedying urban migration , available employment, simplicity of operations and affordable products
D. rural location, simplicity, local sourcing of raw materials and affordability of product

4. which of the following statement is true according to the passage?

A. Rural work opportunities could reduce urban unemployment
B. Providing work opportunities in the rural areas will lead to low productivity, illiteracy and poverty
C. Urban workplaces are responsible for rural poverty and misery
D. Urban workplaces absorb rural/urban migrants

5. In the first sentence of the passage, the word work, used differently can be explained as
A. employment and insure
B. industrial and earn
C. career and prepare
D. job and struggle

PASSAGE II

The obvious function of a daily paper is to give news to the people, but this, at the moment, may be done in
three ways, which are not all equally laudable. First, there is the paper which set out to give a brief resume of
the news and backs this up by well-written articles on the current affairs by leading writers and experts.
Secondly, there is the ‘daily’ which caters for popular taste, and contains only the most sensational and
exciting bits of news, supporting them with comic-strips, pictures children’s corners, women’s sections and
readers’ letters on anything but weighty topics. Thirdly, there is the propaganda type of paper, which presents
only those versions of the news which agree with its own particular political outlook. All this gives news in
different ways; but what deeper function can the ideal daily paper have?
In the case of the Nigerian daily newspaper, the first type gives the thinking reader an unbiased view of the
world situation, so that he can judge the importance of recent events for himself, but it does not indicate to
him what he ought to think. The drawbacks to this is that semi-literate or uneducated find it dull or difficult
and so are discouraged from reading such a paper regularly, because it demands too much thought and effort
from them. The main advantage of this type of paper, however, is its soundness, excellent English expression
and general effect of widening the readers’ knowledge on a variety of subjects.
The second type interest the majority and give them more striking items of news in an easily comprehensible
way, accompanied by lavish photographs and usually with some slight political bias towards the left and the
interests of the working class, from which most of its readers come. The drawback of this type is that there is
not enough solid thinking mater and the English is often faulty in style – tending towards ‘journalese’. The
advantage is that it is quickly and easily read, on the bus or train or over the breakfast table, and gives a
superficial knowledge of current affairs to people who would not have the time or inclination to read ‘heavier’
literature. Also, it is a ‘family’ paper, which every member of the household can enjoy, since there is
something to please all their tastes.
The third type to some extent, appeals to emotion, not reason. It instruct the reader in exactly what that
particular editor believe he ought to think, and does not give him a chance to have a mind of his own by
letting him hear the other person’s point of view. The drawback is that it prevents people from thinking for
themselves, and causes political hysteria rather than logical thinking. the only advantage is that it does
represent the ‘freedom of the press’ to publish whatever it likes, and allows discontented people to air their
grievances instead of letting them smolder underground.
From these examples, it should be clear that the ideal function of a daily paper would be to present the news
clearly and simply, and to support it with articles in good English which shows the points of view of various
competent people of different outlooks on current problems. The reader could then choose which line of
thought appealed to him most. Women’s and children’s sections would be good so long as they did not grow
so out of proportion that the paper depended solely upon them for its popularity. Good pictures would add to
the paper’s instructive value as well as to its interest; and advertisements, kept in bounds, might be helpful,
both as shopping guides and as a financial help to the paper itself. All these points seem to be desirable in a
daily paper now that the radio helps in giving news headlines.

79
6. which of the best following best summarizes the argument in the passage?
A. There are three laudable though unequal ways of news presentation by a daily paper
B. A good newspaper is that which is simple, logical and balanced in its news coverage
C. Press freedom is an important feature of a daily newspaper
D. There are three obvious functions of a daily newspaper

7. The writer seems to suggest that

A. objectivity, simplicity and clarity are the hallmarks of good journalism
B. the important function of a daily newspaper is to further develop the news headlines which the radio
usually produces
C. sensational reporting is a feature of press freedom
D. there can be no unbiased newspaper presentation

8. The phrase political hysteria, as used in the passage means

A. hatred and rivalries
B. anxiety and misunderstanding
C. crisis and confusion
D. tension and ill feeling

9. according to the passage the desirable newspaper is that which

A. does not create political hysteria
B. is eclectic and modest
C. is intellectual and unbiased
D. is popular and sensational and has a slight political favour

10. An appropriate tittle for this passage is

A. The Ideal Daily Newspaper
B. The Political Hysteria of a Daily Newspaper
C. The Logic of Press Freedom
D. Three Ideal Functions of a Daily Newspaper

PASSAGE III
In recent times women in Nigeria have been seeking independence and recognition. No longer content with
their traditional role as housewives and mothers, the women have joined together to create a kind of women
liberation movement, first under the umbrella of WRAPA, an acronym for Women’s Rights and Privileges
Agency, and later under several bodies including non-governmental agencies like Women in Nigeria (WIN),
Association of Northern Women in Science and Technology (ANWIST) and Convention for the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). A whole federal ministry called Ministry for Women
Affairs has been established since 1995 for the development and advancement of Nigerian women towards
what they call ‘gender equality’.
Through all these bodies, Nigerian women hope to acquire the freedom to pursue interest outside the home,
like the opportunity to acquire education or pursue a career, instead of spending all the time doing
housework.
The effects of the changes brought about by these bodies are already being felt in some families. For instance,
the traditional husband-wife relationship appears to be undergoing a radical transformation. Because so
man6yy women are now working, men are learning to share the household tasks of cooking, cleaning and
even caring for the children. In some families, there appears to be a complete reversal of the traditional roles:
the husband stays home while the wife earns the family’s income. It should be pointed out, however, that this
is the exception, not the rule.
The effects of women’s liberation are being felt not only in the home but also on the job. More and more
women are working and they are demanding equal responsible positions. It is not uncommon these days for a
woman to head major Government ministries and parastatals. Many businesses now encourage women to
advance to high management positions, and every year, the nation’s higher institutions produce more women
doctors, lawyers, and accountants.
Politics and government are other areas that are feeling the impact of women’s movement. Although
Nigerians do not appear ready to accept a woman president, women are already being elected to public
offices in increasing numbers as senators and members of the national and state assemblies. Although Nigeria
is yet to have a woman governor, which is the highest office in a state, there have been a few women deputy
governors and house speakers. A few years ago, this would have been unthinkable.
In conclusion, women in Nigeria are acquiring greater independence which is causing sweeping changes in the
society – at home, at work and in politics. Some men may not be happy with these changes but the women
are always quick to point out that it was they, the men, who created the condition leading to the reaction of
the women.

82
11. one of the argument in support of the women's liberation movement is that it
A. brings improvement at home, at work and in politics
B. compels men to take over the task of cooking, cleaning and other household chores
C. encourages Nigerian women to eke out a living independent of the men
D. enables more women to attain higher positions

12. Which of the following captures the vision of the writer in the future of Nigerian women
A. Nigerian higher institutions can produce more women doctors, lawyers and accountants than men
B. It is possible for Nigerian women to attain equal status with men
C. Nigerians will never accept a woman president for their country
D. if the present trend is not checked, Nigerian women will take over the roles of the men

13. The expression causing sweeping changes as used in the passage, means
A. improving husband-wife relationship
B. cleaning up the Nigerian society
C. producing fair-reaching effects
D. resulting in unpalatable consequences

14. from the last paragraph, it can be concluded that

A. the effect of women's liberation are felt only at home and at work
B. the women liberation movement has brought untold hardship on many Nigerian men
C. the liberation movement is women's reaction to men's action
D. Nigerian men are opposed to the women liberation movement

15. which of the following statement is true according to the passage?

A. The Nigerian society is now free of all discrimination against women
B. The quest for women's liberation appears to be making progress in Nigeria
C. The majority of Nigerian women have now taken over men's traditional role
D. women in Nigeria have now established a ministry called Ministry of Women Affairs

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided.
Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. Each question carries 2 marks .
One of the most difficult and confusing aspect of English language is its spelling system. There is often ….16….
[A. discrepancy B. discord C. a similarity D. concord] between the punctuation of a word and its spelling. One
cannot always tell how to spell a word ….17…. [A. throughout B. by C. as to D. as from] its pronunciation.
In order to understand the peculiarity of English spelling ….18….[A. difficulty B. confusion C. system D. code],
it is good to know something about the history of the language. First, it is helpful to realize that English was
originally spoken by people who could neither read nor write. While the ….19…. [A. middle-class B. educated
C. less enlightened D. uneducated] people spoke English, the literate upper classes spoke French and wrote in
Latin, later when English became a ….20…. [A. literary B. romantic C. written D. coded] language, there was
no system for spelling its words. Moreover, the first writers of English were French speaking ….21… [A.
newscasters B. scribes C. orators D. interpreters] who knew English only slightly: therefore, they carried
many French spelling ….22…. [A. habits B. attitudes C. idiosyncrasies D. mannerisms] into English. In addition,
these first writers of English, who were used to writing in Latin, often ….23…. [A. inserted B. interjected C.
interpolated D. juxtaposed] letters into words even when they were not pronounced because the ….24…. [A.
antecedent B. opposing C. corresponding D. synonymous] word in Latin was spelled that way. Finally, the
confusion increased when the ….25…. [A. diction B.morphology C. orthography D. pronunciation] of certain
words changed while the spelling remained the same.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

26. The usually hostile crowd was captivated by the player's winsome attitude?
A. obnoxious
B. friendly
C. colourful
D. drunken
27. He gave himself up by his plebeian taste
A. robust
B. laughable
C. voracious
D. patrician

28. The reporter made a masterly analysis of the situation?

A. an unskillful
B. a mistaken
C. an in-depth
D. a proper

29. Akpan was able to douse the flames with the new piece of equipment?
A. reduce
B. extinguish
C. ignite
D. reinforce

30. A tentative solution was provided?

A. A convincing
B. A provisional
C. An amicable
D. A definite

31. The notice reads, 'No cash translations in this hall'?

A. money
B. gainful
C. business
D. cheque

32. In our last play, Segun acted the hero?

A. villain
B. devil
C. criminal
D. assassin

33. The man drew a sword as people congregated round him?

A. praised
B. gathered round
C. mobbed
D. fled from
34. No sooner had he arrived than it started to rain?
A. Long before
B. Seldom
C. Simultaneously
D. just before

35. The police found a conclusive proof of the boy's guilt?

A. a corroborative
B. a doubtful
C. a consolatory
D. an incriminating

36. He has no reason to have his heart in his mouth?

A. think negatively
B. feel guilty
C. be afraid
D. be confident

37. That little boy has become quite chubby?

A. thin
B. intelligent
C. huge
D. tall

38. The point you have made is quite apt

A. illogical
B. helpful
C. irrelevant
D. insensitive

39. The chief said he would use the power inherent in his office to stop the celebration.
A. unrelated to
B. common to
C. allotted to
D. impervious to

40. The action was premeditated?

A. unnecessary
B. catastrophic
C. unplanned
D. uncoordinated
Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

41. bushes?
A. shapes
B. shoes
C. rapes
D. rakes

42. character?
A. unique
B. charade
C. arch
D. church

43. garage?
A. gear
B. sure
C. pressure
D. measure

55
Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

44. Cock?
A. cop
B. cope
C. cork
D. cup

45. Says?
A. fierce
B. dam
C. wet
D. rain

46. Hurt?
A. hut
B. girl
C. hate
D. hot
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word underlined.

47. Adamu is rather meddlesome in dealing with his friends.

A. impertinent
B. intimidating
C. quarrelsome
D. uncaring

48. His discovery of the vaccine became a quantum leap in search for a scientific cure for the illness?
A. victorious battle
B. slow but steady step
C. great improvement
D. fast but sure step

49. The party men reveled all night when the election results were announced
A. mourned
B. fought
C. celebrate
D. discussed

50. The judge emphasized his morbid desires in his judgement?

A. inordinate
B. uncritical
C. ravenous
D. unpleasant

51. The commander said that the battle would be sustained, total and relentless?
A. continuous
B. brutal
C. fierce
D. innocuous

52. His loss suddenly became redeemable?

A. incurable
B. exclusive
C. recoverable
D. repulsive

53. The move to expel the chairman was sanctioned by members of the party?
A. unleashed
B. opposed
C. supported
D. initiated
54. After the meeting, I read a leer on his face as he looked at the woman?
A. satisfying meaning
B. bad look
C. pleasant disposition
D. poor smile

55. The plan has gone awry?

A. wide
B. wrong
C. well
D. wild

56. Because Jamium is so easily offended, he was not considered for the post of head boy?
A. irritable
B. stubborn
C. troublesome
D. docile

57. The witness provided a monstrous account of the event?

A. supportive
B. tragic
C. shocking
D. verbatim

58. He is a prolific writer?

A. a very productive
B. a well-known
C. a clever
D. an influential

59. The chairman advised the participants to follow convention in stating their points?
A. eloquence
B. advice
C. prudence
D. tradition

60. The recommended novel has a convoluted theme?

A. a simple
B. an attractive
C. a disgusting
D. a complicated
61. The government has announced its preparedness for the scheme?
A. determination
B. regret
C. pleasure
D. readiness

Choose the option that has the same stress as the given word.

62. dovetail?
A. proviso
B. simplicity
C. jargon
D. psychiatry

63. apparent?
A. arrested
B. telephone
C. paragraph
D. appetite

64. Unfair
A. first-class
B. instant
C. insight
D. towards

Choose the option that has the stress on the first syllable

65. A. mature B. madam C. frequent (verb) D. convict (verb)

66. A. pronounce B. prepare C. provoke D. insult (noun)

Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters

67. catholicism
A. caTHOlicism
B. catholiCIsm
C. CAtholicism
D. cathoLIcism

68. genealogy?
A. geneaLOGY
B. geneALOGY
C. geNEalogy
D. GEnealogy

Choose the option that has a different stress pattern from the others.
69. A. competent
B. represent
C. syllables
D. quality

70. A. ability
B. quadruplicate
C. registration
D. revivalist

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

71. The class has fallen in with the teacher's plans?

A. The class has ignored the plans
B. The class has rejected the plans
C. The class has accepted the plans
D. The class has modified the plans

72. I owe you far less than you owe me?

A. My debt to you is greater than yours to me
B. Your debt is not much greater than mine
C. What we owe each other is approximately the same
D. I owe you something, but you owe me much more

73. Ogiri takes after his father, he fawns upon anyone with influence.
A. Like his father, Ogiri likes to flatter people with influence in society
B. Like his father, Ogiri hates influential people
C. Ogiri, who always follows his father, tries to act an influential man
D. Ogiri, who looks like his father, follows rich and influential people about

74. He had hardly spoken when the bell rang?

A. He found it difficult to speak, and then the bell rang
B. When the bell rang, he was still speaking
C. The bell rang very soon after he spoke
D. He spoke in a harsh manner and the bell rang

75. After the war, the victors became increasingly vindictive?

A. Vengeful attacks were incessantly carried out on those who lost war
B. Friendly measures were taken to heal the wounds
C. Repressive measures were taken against those who lost the war
D. Those who won the war became treacherous

76. I think she takes her guardian's support for granted?

A. Her guardian has been helping her for a long time, and she is very grateful to him
B. She wants her guardian to grant her more support
C. She thinks her guardian will nom longer support her as he has been doing
D. Her guardian has been helping her for a long time, but she does not show enough gratitude

77. You are to write a report and give it to the security office?
A. After writing your report, give it to the security office
B. You are writing a report, as the security office directed
C. The report you are writing should be given to the security office
D. You have been ordered to write a report, which you will give to the security office

78. The dispute over land acquisition has come to a head?

A. The problem has reached crisis proportions
B. The problem has been referred to the headquarters
C. Because of the dispute, land acquisition has now been halted
D. The problem has now been solved
79. In our college, the regulations concerning resist are grey area?
A. The regulation have just been revised
B. The regulation have often ignored
C. The regulations are perfectly clear
D. The regulations are very clear

80. The perfect reeled off the names of all the students who broke the library?
A. The perfect gave a disjointed list of the students in the law library
B. The perfect omitted the names of the students who broke into the law library
C. The perfect submitted a complete list of the students who stole library books
D. The perfect gave an accurate list of the students who disobeyed library regulations

Choose the option that best best completes the gap(s).

81. The brave hunter killed the ...... in the forest?

A. big spitting cobra black
B. black big spitting cobra
C. big black spitting cobra
D. big spitting black cobra
82. The ....... robber showed no mercy during the attack?
A. loquacious
B. senseless
C. ruthless
D. benevolent

83. Despite all preparations, the wedding did not ...... ?

A. come along
B. come by
C. come on
D. come off

84. Olu brought his clothes and those of his ...... ?

A. senior brother's
B. elder brothers
C. elder brother's
D. senior brother

85. His father hardly misses the news because he goes about with his ....... radio?
A. pointable
B. potable
C. potable
D. portable

86. Did you have ....... when you went to visit the medical doctor?
A. diarrhoea
B. diarrehea
C. diarhoea
D. diarhea

87. If he ....... for admission, I am sure he would succeed?

A. will apply
B. applied
C. had applied
D. has applied

88. The investigation Commission has treated all the ......submitted to it by the warning factions?
A. protests
B. petitions
C. applications
D. enquires

89. The police claim that a number of stolen cars ....... recovered?
A. have been
B. has been
C. has being
D. have being

90. Everybody is allowed to ....... his view on state matters?

A. air
B. hear
C. show
D. share

91. For beating...... his course mate, Agbji was ..... from the university?
A. up / ruticated
B. on / expelled
C. at / removed
D. away / sent out

92. The old man was rushed to hospital when his blood pressure dropped to a ....... level?
A. dangerously lowly
B. dangerous lowly
C. dangerously low
D. dangerous low

93. Until he lost the election, agbo ....... to be Student Union president?
A. had been hoping
B. has been hoping
C. would have hoped
D. has hoped

94. ....... been there to look for her several times without success?
A. He' II
B. He's
C. Is he
D. He is

95. He wrote to you, .......?

A. hadn't he
B. wouldn't he
C. didn't he
D. hasn't he

96. Our neighbour was attracted by the ....... from my mother's cooking?
A. flavour
B. strench
C. scent
D. aroma

97. The clubs were not ...... on a solid ethical base?

A. funded
B. found
C. created
D. founded

98. We have been living peacefully here but ....... hear rumours of war?
A. again
B. slowly
C. occasionally
D. eventually

99. I watched him as he ....... the hole?

A. dug
B. digs
C. is digging
D. dugged

100. your performance will improve if you ..... hard?

A. are practicing
B. practical
C. would practice
D. practice
USE OF ENGLISH 2007

Read passages I, II and III carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE I
In time past in Nigeria, being a secretary was perceived with utter disdain by many people. Other
professionals such as teachers, lawyers, engineers, surveyors, estate officers and architects were revered.
Many issues readily come to mind concerning the old perspective of secretaries as professionals.
One, they were regarded as people with little or no education. Indeed, many of them were said to be mere
typists who learnt how to punch keys on the typewriter. They hardly had any formal education but obtained
doubtful certificates. This was made possible because anyone could easily learn to be a typist under the shade
of a tree or in a personal office of a retired secretary or a chief typist from any business organization. As long
as a short piece of work could be typed almost accurately and in record time, one then became a secretary.
This unrealistic practice – to call an unqualified person a secretary – might have been introduced and
sustained by people who did not know who a secretary was. The educated secretaries obtained a minimum of
the Ordinary National Diploma (OND) or its equivalent from institutions in and outside Nigeria, particularly
Great Britain, Canada or the United States of America.
Two, they were mostly women and very few male secretaries, who suffered more humiliation than their
female counterparts. They were regarded as men who did not succeed in life and did the work that normally
women were supposed to do.
Three, and deriving from the second reason, secretaries were, as a matter of fact, very close to their bosses.
Most people, including husbands of secretaries, regarded such a mode of interaction as tempting – a kind of
constant closeness which might engender a deliberation or unintentional amorous relationship between
superior and subordinate officer. Quite often, such a situation could not be ruled out when body contacts was
established inadvertently or deliberately between two people of opposite sex especially when either one or
both people were attractive and attracted to each other.
Moreover, we often talk of the devil and the havoc he is capable of causing in the lives of people, particularly
the unguarded ones.
In today’s world, these points of view concerning secretaries are fading fast. Now, there is a clear distinction
between a typist and a secretary. Modern secretaries are trained in polytechnics and universities. Gone are
the days when secretaries were taught only the art of punching the typewriters and various filling systems.
They are also encouraged to take training courses other than secretarial duty. Many secretaries have had their
training in faculties of business administration, law, art and mass communications of universities. They take
relevant courses in administration and other social science departments that enhance their personality,
carriage, interpersonal relations and office management.
Obviously, secretaries, including the male ones, are more important and well respected today than in the
past.

1. The expression utter disdain, as used in the passage means

A. professional misconduct
B. undue criticism
C. deserved respect
D. complete contempt
2. Which of the following statements can be deduced from the passage concerning the old perspective of
secretaries?
A. They did not deserve to be addressed as secretaries.
B. One could see that they were well educated.
C. They were highly respected by other professionals.
D. The training they received from retired professionals was sufficient.

3. the writer seems to suggest that

A. secretaries were best trained by retired chief typists
B. there was nothing wrong in having males as secretaries
C. the Ordinary National Diploma was sufficient for secretaries
D. only graduates who studied abroad were secretaries

4. The expression unguarded ones, as used in the passage refers to

A. the devil and all his cohorts
B. husbands of female secretaries
C. two people who may be attracted to each other
D. the female secretaries and their bosses

5. modern secretaries are different from the old ones because they
A. are able to become graduates of different universities
B. mat become teachers in polytechnics and universities
C. are more educated and better exposed to professional training
D. can use modern gadgets such as computers and other machines

PASSAGE II
While trying desperately to cope with the scourge of the dreaded HIV/AIDS virus, the human race was once
again beset with the problem of grappling with fast-spreading and lethal pandemic called bird flu. Also called
avian influenza, bird flu’s vicious strain, H5NI, was spread from birds to humans and could be as deadly as
HIV/AIDS. The pandemic had ravaged many countries in Europe, Asia and Middle East resulting in a high death
toll in livestock, but as yet with a few human casualties.
As the pandemic made its steady spread, there was the fear that if it ever gets to Africa, the consequences
would be devastating in view of the continent’s lack of infrastructure and money to keep it in control. This
fear was consequent upon African countries’’ unenviable response to emergencies in the past, like drought in
some sahelian countries or flooding along the coast. It was against this frightening background that many
Nigerians were thrown into panic following the announcement on Wednesday the 8th of February, 2006, that
the bird flu had indeed entered Nigeria.
The announcement itself was a sequel to the death of a large number of birds in a farm in Kaduna State
whose samples were diagnosed at the National Veterinary Institute, Vom, Plateau State, and confirmed at the
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Diagnostic Centre in Rome, Italy. Several follow-up actions had been
taking to try and halt the spread of the virus in the country, such as the immediate quarantine of the affected
farms, the killing and disposal of all infested and surviving birds in affected farms and the restriction of
movement of people in and outside such farms. Commendable as these measures were, many Nigerians still
dreaded the chicken and had already excluded its meat from their menu. As a result, poultry farmers in
Nigeria were counting their losses instead of producing more protein and smiling to the bank with good sales.
to return to the status quo ante and restore the confidence of Nigerians in poultry products, additional
measures were suggested, namely the close monitoring of migratory birds which flock into the country at
different times of the year, the proper caging of all free-range birds and appropriate sanctioning of defaulting
owners, not restricting the monitoring of poultry farms in the country to the urban centres only, the upward
review of the compensation paid to farmers whose birds had been destroyed to cushion the effects of their
loss, the strict enforcement of the restriction on the importation of poultry products and , lastly the leadership
demonstrating, by example, that it was safe to eat poultry products by serving them at dinners and banquets
during state functions.

6. The expression To return to the status quo ante refers to the

A. killing of birds as a result of bird flu and its effects on poultry famers
B. bird flu pandemic that had ravaged many countries in Europe, Asia and the Middle East
C. condition of things prior to the incidence of bird flu
D. state of affairs following the bird flu pandemic in Nigeria

7. Which of the following statements can be deduced from the passage concerning the old perspective of
secretaries?
A. They did not deserve to be addressed as secretaries.
B. One could see that they were well educated.
C. They were highly respected by other professionals.
D. The training they received from retired professionals was sufficient.

8. A suitable tittle for this passage is

A. Livestock and Human Casualties of the Bird Flu Pandemic in Nigeria
B. Controlling the Bird Flu Pandemic in Nigeria
C. HIV/AIDS and the Bird Flu Pandemic in Nigeria
D. The Ravaging Effects of Epidemics in Nigeria

9. From the third paragraph the steps taking to check the spread of bird flu ion Nigeria were
A. monitoring all poultry farms, quarantining affected farms and killing and disposing affected birds
B. restricting movements, paying compensation and caging free-range birds
C. isolating ravaged farms destroying and disposing of affected birds and restricting movements
D. public enlightenment, controlling migratory birds and killing infested birds

10. from the passage, it can be inferred that

A. Nigerians no longer consumed poultry as a result of bird flu
B. bird flu had already resulted in a high human and livestock death toil
C. bird flu in Nigeria was first discovered by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Diagnostic Centre
D. the Kaduna poultry farmer who lost many birds was not adequately compensated by government

PASSAGE III
 It is of no more use to give advice to the idle than top pour water into a sieve, but it strike me that lazy
people ought to have a large looking glass hung up where they are bound to see themselves in it. For sure, if
their eyes are at all like mine, they will never bear to look at themselves long or often. The ugliest sight in the
world is one of those thorough-bred loafers, who would hardly hold up his basin if it were to rain with
porridge: and for certain, would never hold up a bigger pot than he wanted to fill for himself.
Perhaps, if the shower should turn to beer, he might wake himself up a bit; but he will make up for it
afterwards, since as a slothful man, he folds his hands in sleep and hates to get up even for his meals. Men like
him ought to be treated with like the drone which the bees drive out of their hives for inactivity
overdependence.
Every man ought to have patience and pity for poverty; but for laziness, a long whip might be better. This
would be a healthy treatment for all sluggards, but there is no chance of some of them getting their full dose
of this medicine, for they were born with silver spoons in their mouths, and like spoons will scarce stir their
own tea unless somebody lends them a hand. They are like the proverbial dogs that leaned his head against
the wall to bark and, like lazy sheep, it is too much trouble for them to carry their own wool. If they could see
themselves, it might by chance do them a world of good; but perhaps it would be too much trouble for them
to open their eyes even if the glass were hung for them.
If I seem to hit hard at the sluggards, it is because I know they can bear it, for if they were seed on the
threshing floor, you will thresh many days to get them out of the straw, for laziness is in their bones, and will
show itself in their idle flesh, no matter what you do with them.
Adapted from Spurgeon, C.H.: John Ploughman’s Talk

11. one conclusion that can be drawn from the opening paragraph is that
A. it a waste of time to advise lazy man because he will always use a sieve to sift the advice
B. lazy people are thorough-bred loafers who cannot even eat their porridge
C. though lazy people have ugly faces, they like to see themselves in the mirror
D. lazy people work only to satisfy their own immediate needs

12. which of the following explains the point being made in the second paragraph?
A. the drone and the slothful often look themselves up in the mirror
B. the drone and the slothful are idle so they depend on others for their needs
C. the drones and the sluggards are lazy people who sleep a lot
D. the drone and the slothful hover around beehives because of their independence on honey

13. from the argument in the last paragraph, it can be concluded that the sluggards are
A. phlegmatic when advised
B. weary of sound advise
C. impervious to advise
D. intolerance of good advice

14. which of the following represents the authors view in the passage?
A. the slothful will not get out of bed unless someone wakes them
B. laziness leads to poverty so both should be rejected with equal vehemence
C. idle and unproductive people should have no place in society
D. loafers carry their basins about looking for who will fill them with food
15. The expression if the shower should turn to beer, he might wake himself up a bit suggest that lazy people
A. are gourmets
B. are pleasure-loving
C. have beer showers
D. are inconsiderate

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gas numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options re provided.
Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.
Ofala is a festival that is celebrated in virtually every Igbo community in Nigeria. It is the king’s own festival
during which he shows himself to his people, many of whom have probably not ….16…. [A. lied B. lay C. lain
D. laid] eyes on him for a long time. The morning of the Ofala sees large crowds ….17…. [A. were gathered B.
gather C. to be gathering D. gathers] in the palace arena. Suddenly a cannon ….18…. [A. booms B. shoots C.
knocks D. bangs] repeatedly. Rich …. 19 …. [A vibration B gyration C explosion D percussion] from the royal
musicians fills the air. The Igwe emerges like the rising sun ….20…. [A royally B resplendent C dazzled D
surrounded] in white –bordered gold and black robes. The Igwe then begins the….21…. [A traditional B social
C royal D cultural] dance with his wife. Followed by his entourage, he dances round the arena ….22…. [A from
the cheers B at the cheer C with the cheers D to the cheers] and praises of the crowd. Finally, the Igwe takes
his seat and his person begins to ….23…. [A pay their respects B Spray him with gifts C observe his steps D
pay their tolls]. ‘Igweee! You will live long ….24…. [A t the throne B on the throne C by the throne D in the
throne]
,’ they declare, bowing respectfully before him. The Igwe ….25…. [A answers B responds C acknowledges D
replies] their homage by touching their backs with the royal fly whisk. Exhausted, the Igwe rises. ‘Igweeee,’
the crowd hails. He waves his fly whisk for the last time and heads straight back to the palace with his
entourage.

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. The official had allegedly been bribes?

A. Some people accused the official of taking bribes
B. The official had been taking bribes without feeling any guilt
C. It was proved that the official had been taking bribes
D. The official accused some people of taking bribes

27. There's a door at either end of the building?

A. The building has two ends and two doors
B. The building has two ends, but only one door
C. The building has two ends, but I do not know which of the two has a door
D. The building has many ending each and for all

28. He could not have rewarded them more handsomely.

A. He did not reward them very well
B. He rewarded them well, and he was also a good looking man
C. He rewarded them very well
D. He spoke to them in a very generous way

29. There should be a playing field for women entering politics?

A. Women should not be allow enter politics
B. Sports facilities should be provided should be given to women who wants to hear politics
C. Special privileges should be given to women who wants to enter politics
D. Men and women should be able to compete in the political arena on an equal basis

30. The next village is at least 30 kilometers away.

A. The next village is 30 kilometres away, possibly less
B. The next village is approximately 30 kilometres away
C. The next village is only 30 kilometres away
D. The next village is 30 kilometres away, or possibly more

31. We have to iron out our difference at once?

A. We must clear up without delay our misunderstanding
B. We must ensure that our problems are emanated at all cost
C. We have to settle our disagreement once and for all
D. We have to solve some of our problems for now

32. My advice to Tolu was: Look before you leap?

A. Tolu was advised to consider her opinions before reaching any decisions
B. Tolu was advised to consider the possible consequences before taking action
C. Tolu was advised to weigh her decisions by looking and leaping
D. Tolu was advised to leap only after looking

33. Emeka hardly ever holds with my view on good governance?

A. Emeka sometimes opposes my idea of good governance
B. My view on what good governance is conforms with that of Emeka
C. Emeka never really supports my opinion of good governance
D. Emeka may never hold a view which conflicts with mine on good governance

34. The country is holding its first free elections for five years?
A. The last time the country held free elections was five years
B. The free elections in the country have now taken five years to conduct
C. The country held elections five years ago to but they were not free
D. There were elections in the country five years ago

35. The woman won’t have lived through the night

A. The woman survived her ordeal but not without some help
B. The woman might not have lived if the hadn’t gotten the right support
C. It was likely the woman died before noon
D. from all indications, the woman was taken much worse, though she overcame her ordeal

Choose the option opposite in meaning to word underlined?

36. The man advised his wife to steer a middle course in the argument between her and her employers?
A. be recalcitrant
B. be compromising
C. be unrepentant
D. be relenting

37. The man paid a large sum to redeem his mortgage property?
A. ransom
B. acquire
C. pawn
D. recover

38. The stadium was seething with people when we entered?

A. filled
B. crowded
C. empty
D. noisy

39. Otokpa took after his late father who was a teetotaler?
A. a drunk
B. careless
C. a disciplinarian
D. sober

40. The students were undeterred by the noisy lecture environment?

A. frustrated
B. encouraged
C. discouraged
D. challenged

41. The suggestions he made were very unobtrusive?

A. forceful
B. helpful
C. sincere
D. reasonable

42. The study he carried out of the problem was quite comprehensive?
A. detailed
B. sketchy
C. inscrutable
D. complete

43. 'Is it necessary for us to go? she asked in her shrill voice?
A. angry
B. quiet
C. indistinct
D. aggressive

44. The vice-Chancellor relinquished power at the end of his term?

A. abandoned
B. welded
C. gave up
D. clung on to

45. The refugees were received at the transit camp?

A. passage
B. permanent
C. temporary
D. nearby

46. Lami and her husband are simply munificent?

A. wealthy
B. angry
C. happy
D. niggardly

47. Mr. Adeyemo is quite a conceited young man?

A. a resourceful
B. an experience
C. a practical
D. an unassuming

48. Do not be discouraged by failure in life.

A. overjoyed
B. dissuaded
C. actuated
D. disoriented

49. For anything to do with academic work, he has a great aversion?

A. conversion
B. attention
C. contempt
D. predilection

50. The police demanded a factual account of the accident?

A. a supportive
B. an uncorroborated
C. an admissible
D. an undisguised

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word?

51. beads of sweat ran down Ngozi's armpit?

A. Pools
B. Spring
C. Ponds
D. Rivulets

52. The best of the boys admire Olu's verve

A. intelligence
B. handsomeness
C. work
D. energy

53. The police are not happy with the growing number of depraved people around the politician?
A. violet
B. immoral
C. indolent
D. loquacious

54. The debt the company incurred became rather intolerable?

A. inevitable
B. unprecedented
C. insupportable
D. dangerous

55. The astute businessman neatly fended off questions about his private life?
A. asked
B. explained
C. welcomed
D. sidestepped

56. Things may change soon, but at the moment our economic situation is precarious?
A. redeemable
B. buoyant
C. uncertain
D. unattractive

57. He deprecated the attempts made to unseat him?

A. challenged
B. resisted
C. despise
D. condemned

58. The shortage of petrol was a perennial problem?

A. a recurring
B. a seasonal
C. an annual
D. an incurable

59. The noise across the road downed the sound of the keyboard in my room?
A. neutralized
B. overshadowed
C. balanced
D. equalized

60. I visited Amina umpteen times in her college, but she never came to me?
A. often
B. seldom
C. twice
D. occasionally

61. The last criticism at the rally was made in ignorance?

A. uniformed
B. unimpeachable
C. objective
D. impeccable

62. He holds on firmly to his hackneyed view of life.

A. wayward
B. principled
C. obsolete
D. positive

63. We were warned not to indulge in recriminations?

A. counter-charges
B. accusations
C. indiscretions
D. frivolous allegations

64. The tax rebate was a concession given to the civil servants?
A. a donation
B. an allowance
C. an incentive
D. an emolument

65. The striking workers have vowed not to return to work until the decision is reversed?
A. rescinded
B. dismissed
C. implemented
D. reverted

Choose the option that complete the gap(s).

66. The girl cannot speak with a clear voice; she is always ........?
A. blabbing
B. vociferating
C. stuttering
D. gesticulating

67. My father has been away on a journey but my mother says she ....... he....... this Friday?
A. expects / would arrive
B. expected / will arrive
C. expects / will arrive
D. expected / would arrive

68. Yesterday in the hall, Ola said that ...... his watch?
A. he had mislaid
B. he had forgot
C. he has misplaced
D. he have lost

69. The idle steward could not see ...... on the wall, and he lost his job?
A. the writing
B. what will be written
C. the handwriting
D. what is written

70. Our soldiers are starting to zero ....... the enemy?

A. at
B. in on
C. unto
D. on it

71. The team has benefited from the coach's ....... of experience?
A. minefield
B. reservoir
C. wealth
D. world

72. The politician ....... the family of the deceased?

A. greeted
B. condoled
C. wept over
D. commiserated with

73. The rain fell for days ......?

A. on ending
B. at ending
C. on end
D. at end

74. If he arrived late, everyone ........ him?

A. would have blamed
B. will blame
C. would blame
D. must blame

75. Kola was fined;....... thieves were given a jail sentence?

A. the rest of the
B. rest
C. the rest
D. rest of the

76. I look forward to ....... you next week?

A. seen
B. seeing
C. be seeing
D. see

77. He says he ...... find me a job, but will accommodate me?

A. could not
B. was not able to
C. is not able to
D. cannot be able to
78. I....... to pursue my education?
A. did not chance
B. did not have the opportunity
C. was not chanced
D. was not opportuned

79. Making a phone call instead of paying a visit represents a ........trend?

A. sudden new major social
B. new social sudden major
C. new sudden major social
D. sudden social new major

80. ........ went to the stadium to watch a football match?

A. Amadi and me
B. Amadi and I
C. Me and Amadi
D. Amadi and myself

81. Didn't ...... draw your attention to the entry requirements?

A. anyone
B. everyone
C. everybody
D. nobody

82. There was ...... any traffic as he drove home?

A. hardly
B. normally
C. usually
D. no

83. Government should invest more in ....... training?

A. teacher's
B. teacher
C. teachers
D. teachers'

84. When they examined his body, they found that he ....... ?
A. had been dead
B. had been dying
C. died
D. was dead

85. There was ……. Any traffic as he drove home

A. usually
B. hardly
C. no
D. normally

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the the underlined letter(s).

86. potable
A. paw
B. pot
C. port
D. post

87. pear?
A. dear
B. year
C. there
D. near

88. blue?
A. book
B. root
C. foot
D. look

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the underlined letter(s).

89. clothe?
A. Thomas
B. three
C. they
D. mouth

90. English?
A. end
B. thin
C. think
D. edge

91. shoes?
A. horse
B. house
C. loss
D. reason
Choose the option that has a different stress pattern from the others.
92. A. education
B. individual
C. agriculture
D. cinderella

93. A. cigarette
B. European
C. evacuee
D. expedite

94. A. superior
B. surcharge
C. slaughter
D. about

Choose the option that has a different stress on the first syllable.
95. A. understand
B. address
C. afternoon
D. taxi

96. A. intact
B. integral
C. negotiate
D. about
.
97. A. conduce
B. renewal
C. calendar
D. reproduce

Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters.

98. association?
A. aSSociation
B. associaTION
C. associAtion
D. Association

99. capitalism?
A. capiTAlism
B. capitaLIsm
C. caPItalism
D. CApitalism

100. advertisement?
A. adVERtisement
B. advertiseMENT
C. adverTISEment
D. ADvertisement

USE OF ENGLISH 2008

PASSAGE I
As a candidate for this examination, you are being examined on one type of this paper, namely Type A, Type
B, Type E and Type K.
The reason for the popularity and acceptance of the leaves of fluted pumpkin in various parts of the country is
largely well understood. Consumers of the leaves have grown owing to the claim that the leaf is a blood-
boosting vegetable and a delicacy in the preparation of various dishes including local Nigerian soups. That is
the much that many consumers know of this vegetable. The growing consumption has also meant that
growers of the vegetable have been under increased pressure to keep up the supply. This has translated into
more income for vegetable garden owners.
Beyond the leaves lies the giant pod with scores of seeds that have proved to be a rich source of several
nutrients required by the body. It is a sweet, nutty, flat, cream-coloured seed with a chewy texture. At the
tender stage, the pod can be broken pen to clean the seed before boiling in water till cooked. Another option
is to roast the seed that produces a pleasant flavor
The use of pumpkin seed has increased since it has been found effective in treating prostate enlargement in
men. The fact that pumpkin seeds serve as a good source of zinc makes them doubly well-suited for this role
as a prostrate protector, since zinc is a mineral also used by healthcare workers to help reduce prostrate size.
The healing properties of pumpkin seeds have also been recently investigated with respect to arthritis. Studies
have shown that the addition pumpkin seeds to diet compares favourably with conventional drugs in reducing
inflammatory symptoms. Apart from enhancing prostrate health, another reason for older men to make zinc-
rich food such as pumpkin seeds a regular part of their diet is maintaining bone mineral density.

1. Which type of this paper are you answering?

A. Type A B. Type B C. Type E D. Type K
2. From the passage, it can be inferred that
or the
B. possessions inherited are fraudulent wealth.
C. true success will be known to all men in due time.
D. the writer believes that success is symbolic of
3. The expression success is a relative term suggests
that it
A. has one meaning
B. has different meanings
C. is not comprehensible
D. can be defined materially.

4. From the passage, a successful person is described

as one who
A. believes in divine intervention
B. enjoys life alter retirement
c. has a good family
D. is contented with life.

5. The word squandered as used in the passage means

A. frugal
B. spendthrift
C. a glutton
D a teetotaller.

PASSAGE II
Every human language may be described as a system
at each of the four levels of linguistic description, namely
morphology, phonology, syntax and semantics. At each
of these levels, a linguistic system comprises a number
of sub-systems which make up its structure. Thus, a
language may also be described as a system of systems.
At the level of phonetics and phonology, a language
selects, from a general pool of speech sounds, a finite
number of vocal sounds which are combined and used
for its communicative and other purposes.
Looking at the human vocal organs, it appears that their
primary functions are biological. Even though they are
also used for breathing, chewing, cutting, swallowing
and smelling, they have been adapted for the production
of the speech sounds of any human language. But
human languages are different in terms of their sound
inventories. The point is, each language has its own
number of sounds which are combined in a number of
indefinite patterns according to its own phonological
rules. This is what makes each language unique as
systematic patterns of structure, and perhaps why
English uses forty-four sound segments, French forty,
Italian twenty-seven, Yoruba twenty-seven and Hawaiian
only thirteen.
There are four basic approaches to the study of speech
sounds. These are articulatory, acoustic, auditory and
forensic. Articulatory phonetics studies how speech
sounds are made or articulated. Acoustic phonetics
studies the physical properties of speech as sound
waves in air. Auditory or perceptual phonetics studies
the perception of speech sounds via the ears. The
forensic phonetics studies speech sounds in the form
of recorded utterances used for identifying a particular
speaker, especially in a legal case.
The articulatory approach helps the user of English as
a second language to understand how the sounds of
English are articulated as well
as their basic charac-
teristics. This knowledge may help to improve their
pronunciation
competence or fluency in the actual use of
the language. It may also improve the degree of intelli-
gibility of their utterances and therefore their communi-
cative competence.
According to Yule in his book Introduction to Language,
phonology is concerned with the abstract or theoreticai
aspect of speech sounds while phonetics is concerned
with their actual physical articulation. Thus, by studying
the systems and patterns of speech sounds in a
We are actually studying phonology. It is pho-
Rology that explains the underlying design, the blue-
print of the sound type, which provides the basis for all
the variations in different physical articulations of that
sound type in different contexts.

6. According to the passage, which of the following

describes the perception of speech sound?
language,
A. Acoustic
B. Auditory
C. Articulatory
D. Forensic

7. From the passage, the purpose of describing a lan-

guage as a system is to show that
A. all human languages are the same in every
sense.
B. human languages are different at the phono-
logical level
C. every human language has its own separate
patterns of structure at all levels
D. human languages are too complex to under-
stand at any level

8. What distinguishes a language from another, accor-

ding to the passage, is
A. its finite number of sounds
B. the indefinite nature of its patterns
C. its communicative and other purposes
D. its linguistic description at all levels

9. The style of the passage could best be described

A expository
B. descriptive C. narrative
D. argumentative

10. The expression systematic patterns of structure,

as used in the passage, means that language
A. is an interconnecting network of structures
B. is made up of organized phonetics and phono
logy
C. is a network of morphology, syntax and seman-
tics
D. comprises similar phonetics, phonology, mor-
phology and semantics,
PASSAGE III
Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain
disease. Approximately one per cent of the population
develop the disease Curing their lifetime. Although
schizophrenia affects men and women with equal
frequency, the disorder often appears earlier in men,
usually in the late teens or early twenties than in women,
who are generally affected in the twenties to early
thirties. People with the disorder often suffer terrifying
symptoms such as hearing internal voices not heard
by others or believing that other people are reading their
minds, controlling their thoughts or plotting to harm
them. These symptoms may leave them fearful and
withdrawn. Children over the age of five can develop
the disease, but it is very rare before adolescence.
People with schizophrenia may have perceptions of
reality that are stnkingly different from one seen and
shared by others around them. Living in a world dis-
torted by hallucinations and delusions, individuals with
the disease may feel frightened, anxious and confused.
Hallucinations are perceptions that occur without con-
nection to an appropriate source Delusions are false
personal beliets that are not subject to reason or contra
dictory evidence
Substance abuse is a common concern of the family and
friends of people with schizophrenia as it can reduce the
effectiveness of treatment of the disease. Stimulants
such as cocaine and marijuana may cause major prob
lems for patients with schizophrenia In fact, some
people experience a worsening of the symptoms when
they take such drugs. Substance abuse also reduces
the likelihood that patients will follow the treatment plans
recommended by their doctors,
The most common form of substance used disorder in
people with schizophrenia is nicotine dependence due to
smoking. Quitting smoking may be especially difficult for
people with schizophrenia because the symptoms of
nicotine withdrawal may cause a temporary worsening
of the disorder symptoms. However, smoking cessation
strategies that include nicotine replacement methods
may be effective. Doctors should carefully monitor medi-
cation dosage and response when patients with the dis-
ease either start or stop smoking. The large majority of
people with the disease show substantial improvement
when treated with antipsychotic drugs. Some patients,
however, are not helped very much by the medications
and a few do not seem to need them. It is difficult to
predict which patients will fall into these two groups.
Antipsychotic drugs, like virtually all medications, have
unwanted effects along with other symptoms. During
the early phases of drug treatment, patients may be
troubled by side effects such as drowsiness, restless-
ness, tremor, dry mouth or blurring of vision. Most of
these can be corrected by lowering the dosage or con-
trolled by other medications.

11. One conclusion that can be drawn from the first para-
graph is that
A. only children suffer schizophrenic disorder.
B. the time of occurrence in men and women differs.
C. women suffer the disorder in their early twenties.
D. men suffer the disorder in their early thirties.

12. Which of the following is true according to the pas-

sage?
A. Schizophrenic disorder affects only the menfolk.
B. Schizophrenic disorder develops only in the
womenfolk.
C. Patients with schizophrenia like to keep to them-
selves than stay with others.
D. Children develop the schizophrenic disorder
after adolescence.

13. Which of the following statements is true of the

concept of delusions in the second paragraph?
A. The believe in distorted claims.
B. The expressions of personal beliefs.
C. The evidence of reasoning and contradictions.
D. The believe in unsubstantiated claims.

14. From the passage, it can be inferred that

A. family members and friends avoid schizophrenic
patients.
B. cocaine and marijuana are good stimulants for
patients.
C. substance abuse may assist a patient's healing
process.
D. Some drugs slow down a patient's healing pro-
cess.

15. The expression Living in a world distorted by hallu-

cinations means
A. the world of sound and intellectual thought
B. the expression of ideas that do not have bases
C. a patient's expression of connected ideas
D. the world is very unfair to schizophrenic patients.

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options aro
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for
each gap.
The economic miracle of the so called Asian Tigers
was subject to much debate and analyses in the early
1990s among economists. There was basically two
Schools of .... 16.... (A. reasoning B. Ideas C. practice
D. thought]. One, that the Asian Tigers'economic miracle
was a case of 'miracles beyond the free market' and so
to repeat such miracles or something near it, do not
leave the ... 17... [A. economy B. structure C.
miracle D. analyses) to the invisible hands of the free market
with its sometimes profoundly anti-social overtones
There was a place for, and indeed a great virtue in
state ... 18... (A makers B. intervention C. persuasion
D. enforcement). The other group ... 19... (A syntheized
B. analysed Ć. believed D. recommended) that
it was not so much a miracle that was either beyond the
free market or, for that matter, one induced by the equally
unpredictable, even if visible, hands of politicians and
policy ...20... [A. deciders B. masters C. executors
makers). The Asian .21... [A. experience B. practice
C logic D. method, was rather one of a cultural phe
nomenon blending with good policies to produce a de
lightfully desirable spectacle of progress and ...22... (A
purpose B. affluence C. prospect D. prosperity
The concern of the economists was how to safely...23.
[A. prescribe B. gauge C. stimulate D. re-orientate
and then apply the Asian prescription to replicate such man
made miracles in many other countries of the world
enduring the ... 24... (A. anger B. risk C. throes
D. punishment of unrelenting and ..25... [
Amomen-
tous B. compelling C. scorching D. aggravating)
poverty.

In each of questions 26 to 35, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. The court brought out the fact that the elections were
not free and fair
The court said that the elections were not rigged
B. The court explained that the elections were
not marred
C. The court made it clear that the elections were
not flawless
D. The court saw that the elections were properly
conducted

27. The computer operator was sacked for incompetence

A. The computer operator was sacked for his foo
lishness
B. The computer operator was sacked for his lazı-
ness
C. The computer operator was sacked for lack
of skill
D. The computer operator was sacked for lateness

28. He was a member of the think tank of the previous

administration
A. As an expert, he criticized government
B. He was an expert who gave advice to govern-
ment
C. He was an expert that government did not listen
to
D. As an expert government must have taken to
his advice

29 In spite of various criticisms, Bala sticks to his guns

A. Bala always goes out with his guns, ready to kill.
B. People do not like Bala because he is violent
C. Bala is criticized because of his bad behaviour
towards people
D. Bala adheres to his beliefs even when others
do not agree with him.

30 Chike plays to the gallery whenever he meets a

group of people
A. Chike plays well with people at the gallery
B. Chike likes to play with people
C Chike seeks cheap popularity
D. Chike shows distrust and hatred to people

31. He kept a stiff upper lip over the accident.

A. He sustained injury on his upper lip.
B. He endured the misfortune with courage.
C. He could not talk because of the accident.
D. His friends deserted him because of the acci-
dent.

32. He had travelled the length and breadth of Africa.

A. He must have travelled to some big cities of Africa
B. He had travelled to many parts of Africa.
C. He had travelled to all parts of Africa.
D. He had travelled to all the villages and towns
of Africa.
Her dress got torn because of the snake - like

33. She wriggled out of her wedding gown

A. She could not take off her gown herself so she
was assisted.
B. her dress got torn because of the snake-like pattern
C. No one could have imagined that her dress was
so tight
D. It took her some time to remove her close-fitting
dress.

34. Visitors who are observant do not outstay their wel-

come.
A. All visitors must be alert so as to know when
to leave a place.
B. Some visitors know when to leave a place so
as to make their hosts happy.
C. Some visitors are unable to know when their
hosts do not want them around.
D. All visitors except a few, know when to leave a
place.

35. The group had been made a scape goat during the
event.
A. Members of the group had been punished for
a sin that they did not commit.
B. Members of the group had been blamed for a
sin that they committed.
C. The group had been punished so that no one
would commit the sin again.
D. The group had been blamed merely to serve
as a deterrent to others.

In each of the questions 36 to 50, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase in italics.

36. Sola is apathetic about his work.

A. indifferent B. enthusiastic C. half-hearted D. bored.

37. The members of the family had a hasty breakfast

before starting out on their journey.
A. hurried
B. leisurely
C. tasty
D. nasty.

38. The poverty level among the masses is unbearable.

A. arrogance
B. saturation
C. affluence
D. influence.

39. The chairman was accused of implementing policies

that favoured the elite.
A. oppressed
B. executives C. jobless
D. citizens.

40. The manager was impressed by the man's eagemess.

A. impatience B. indifference
C. negligence
D. calmness.

41. He is known for making threadbare arguments as a

scholar.
A. justify
B. baseless
C. empty
A. justifiable
42. The lecturer's obscure publications counted against
him during the promotion exercise.
A. widespread
B. closed
C. circulate
D. restricted.

43. The man found his wife physically repellant.

A. attractive
B. fatuous
C. unpleasant
D. flamboyant.

44. As an absolute ruler, Adayi brooks no opposition from

his subordinates.
A. a despotic dictator
B. a shameless king
C. a benevolent leader
D. a magnanimous democrat.

45. The response to the advertisement has been phenomenal.

A. spiritual B. frightening C. unimpressive D. catastrophic.

46. My father lived a spartan life before his death.

A. extravagant
B. peaceful C. 'quiet
D. luxurious.

47. Bola's parents went through an acrimonious divorce.

A. a bitter
B. an acrid
C. a sour
D. a peaceful.
48. lliya's account of the incident is appalling.
A. tasking
B. fascinating C. horrifying D. ridiculous.

49. She encapsulated her view of the nature of life in a

poem.
A. summed up
B. explained
C. expatiated on
D. reflected.
50. We were held spellbound by his eloquence.
A. Unimpressed B. freed C. deceived
D. unenlightened.

In each of questions 51 to 65, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics.

51. We were at a loss to understand why Oli should

retract his statement before the Judge.
A. assert.
B. repeat
C. withdraw
D. reiterate.

52. The workers hope to appear before the arbitration

panel to resolve the lingering dispute.
A. trial B. legislative C. investigative D. reconciliatory.
53. He went to the polls in defiance of sound advice
and recorded an abysmal performance.
A. surprisingly good
B. disappointingly bad
C. mediocre
D. landslide.

54. He was not able to withstand the attack from his immediate family.
A. survive B. overcome C. match D. resist

55. Your effort to bring peace between us is futile because

you are biased.
A. convinced B. clever d. C. prejudiced D. worried.

56. Our front door is always kept ajar...

A. locked
B. sealed
C. half-closed
D. permanently open.

57. His embroidery was an exacting task for the tailor

A. an unwarranted
B. an exciting
C. a demanding
D. a disturbing.

58. The students' remontrances were rebuffed by the authority

A. protests B. suggestions C. complaints D. regrets.
.

59. I had to make my way through the throng of people

in the church.
A. group B. crowd C. gathering D. theme

60. The man's wife has her misgivings about him.

A. fears for B. distrust of C. hatred for D. love for

61. Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting

modern society
A. damages
B. illnesses
C wounds
D. crises.

62. Ade has an aquiline nose.

A. a large and curved nose
B. a wide and straight nose
C. a big and pointed nose
D a small and attractive nose.

63. Everyone was talking about the camaraderie in the

club
A. companionship
B. quarrelsomeness
C. commissioning
D. disunity

64. 'You're impossible,' she said to me.

A. unreasonable B. unforgiving C. daft D. strong

65. I was being directed by my sixth sense all through

the ordeal.
A. intelligence
B. judgement
C. intuition
D. imagination.

In each of questions 66 to 85, choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

66. They... (A. would get B. would have got C. will

have got D. had got wet if they had gone out in
the rain
67. The students are still .... (A. very so B. much too
C. very much D. much so) in the dark regarding
the principal's decision

69. Either the teacher or the students ... [A. is B. are

C. has being D. are being] to blame

70. I will pay my debt...... A. Instalmentaily B. by

instalmentally C. in instalments D. in instalmen-
tally)

71. You should anticipate and prepare for changes.....

[A. that has taken place B. which takes place
C. taking place D. that would take place] in
your office

72. The scholar examined. [A. three apart analysis

B. a part-three analysis C. a three-part analysis
D. three part analysis] of the subject

73. The litigants finally opted.... [A. by an out of court

B. in an uut-of-court C. to an out of court
D. for an out-of-court settlement.

74. She refrained ... (A. at B. off C. from D. in)

smoking

75. Birds whistle while bears .... [A. gibber B. purr

C. growi D. bellow).

76. I am not surprised that Zali had a road accident; he

was always driving too fast... [A isn't the B. wasn't
he didn't he D. did he]?

77. Oduma had..... enough money to pay the fines so

he went to jail for distributing libellous (A. no I brchures B. not/ circulars C.no/publications
D not/pamphlets)

78. The principal said he .... so many visitors that day

that he [A. had been having/tolt B. has been
having tools C. was having/teels D. is having/
field] exhausted
79. His mother always reprimands him for being a.....
IA. vicious B. veracious C. vivacious
D. voracious) reader of cheap novels.

80. Femi has been .......... (A. lacking B lagging

C. larking D. lurking) behind in classwork.

81. Judging... (A. at B. through C. with D. by] his face,

he is not guilty

82. What were the... (A. spices B. desserts C, diets

D. condiments) served in the restaurant?

83. She ......... her hair ....... in the room before we left
[A. smoothened off B. smoothed on
C. smoothened/up
D. smoothed/down)

84. This is a village where... knows ..... [A. everyone /

everyone else B. anyone/anyone C. every per.
son / themselves D. someone / someone else).

85. 'Did you say that you saw him .... [A. crossed B.
C. to be crossing D. crosses) the road yesterday?'

In each of questions 86 to 88, choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by
the letter(s) underlined.

86. key
A sit B. bet C. seat D. tread

87. taught
A. law B. aunt C. count D. plateau

88. Dutch
A. lottery B. love C. loud D. lurch

In each of questions 89 to 91, choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented
by the letter(s) underlined.

89. both
A. bother B. thaw C. the D. there

90. bouquet
A. bucket B. banquet C. liquid D. squeeze.

91. houses
A. rice B. rise C. curse D. course

In each of questions 92 to 94, choose the option that rhymes with the given word.

92. say
A. treason
B. weigh,
C. fright
D. saw.

93. knew
A. tool
B. dawn
C. night
D. queue.

94. toy
A. torn B. take C. foil D. tour.

In each of questions 95 to 97, choose the appropriate

stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters.

95. comfortable
A. COMfortable B.com FORtable
C. comfortaBLE D. comforTAble.

96. incapacitate
A. inCApacitate B. incaPAcitate
C. INcapacitate D. incapaciTATE.

97. encouragement
A. ENcouragement
B. encouragement
C. encouRAgement
D. encourageMENT.

In each of questions 98 to 100, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to
which the given sentence relates.

98. THEIR children speak better French than English.

A. Do their husbands speak better French than
English?
B. What language do their children speak better
than English?
C. Do their children speak better French than
English?
D. Whose children speak better French than
English?

99 They RAN to the playground,

A. Where did they run to?
B. Did they walk to the playground?
C. Who ran to the playground?
D. Did they run from the playground?

100. Timi BOUGHT a new car.

A. Did Timi hire a new car?
B. Does Timi deal in cars?
C. Has Timi acquired a new car?
D. Does Timi have a new car?

USE OF ENGLISH 2009

PASSAGE I
Nigeria is currently faced with two major problems which necessitate the use of the broadcast media to
satisfy the ever-increasing demand for qualitative education in the country. These are population explosion
and debilitating mass poverty. Population explosion in the country has greatly increased the need for more
schools so much that demand now far outstrips provision of education opportunities, particularly at the post-
secondary level. In addition, the Nigerian society is currently handicapped by a crippling economic crisis which
has forced many people out of school as a result of growing inability to meet the cost of training, like tuition
fees and board charges.

A way out of these problems lies in the provision of educational opportunities through the use of radio and
television broadcast. Only when radio and television are fully utilized for teaching and learning can the
foundation be laid for mass education in the country. Besides, using radio and television to transmit
educational programmes can cut the cost of education as boarding and tuition will become unnecessary for
most beneficiaries. At the moment, many Nigerians are unable to enrol to stay on in school because of the
high cost of education and because government is unable to provide the staggering amount needed to finance
mass education via the traditional school system
.

Also of importance is the fact that radio and television will offer good opportunities for the standardization
of education in the country. At the moment, the best school in terms of facilities and qualified teachers are
concentrated in the urban centres to the detriment of the rural areas. This has given rise to imbalance and
uneven distribution of qualitative education in the country, so much so that experienced and qualified
teachers often reject posting to rural schools, while over-concentration leads to under-utilization of capable
hands in urban schools. Since educational broadcasting involves the best brains producing and broadcasting
educational materials from one central location and reaching out simultaneously to scattered audience in the
rural and urban areas, the quality of educational provision will be made even throughout the country.

The usual argument against the use of radio and television for teaching is the absence of immediate
feedback which is thought to be essential for learning. But this handicap is more than compensated for by the
listener’s or watcher’s ability to record and play back as often as he or she likes, any part of the lesson he or
she may find confusing or difficult to understand. Besides, support facilities like telephone and postal services
may be used to clarify difficulties or answer students’ questions. In addition, since Nigeria is still largely an
ornate society, using radio and television for direct teaching will not pose a serious communication problem.
A beginning must therefore be made to promote aggressive school broadcast in the country.

1. The passage suggests that the greatest problem of mass education in Nigeria are
A. the absence of educational broadcasts and underutilization of urban teachers
B. the reluctance of most teachers to work in rural areas and the fact that Nigeria is an ornate society
C. the absence of immediate feedback in the teaching process and lack of teaching facilities
D. widespread penury and ever-increasing demand for formal education
2. Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?
A. the Nigerian government does not use radio and television for teaching
B. telephone and postal services are inimical to effective school broadcasting
C. the formal education system is more expensive than the non-school type
D. Nigerians reject teaching and learning through radio and television because of lack of immediate feedback

3. According to the passage, the major advantages of educational broadcasts may be summarized as
A. mass outreach, reduced costs and equal educational opportunities
B. mass education, reduced poverty level and qualitative education
C. mass access to qualitative education and reduction of the cripple economic crisis
D. increased number of schools, reduced cost of schooling and enhanced mass education

4. From the last sentence of the passage, it can be deduced that educational broadcasting is
A. unknown in Nigeria
B. rarely used in Nigeria
C. often used in Nigeria
D. randomly used in Nigeria

5. A suitable title for this passage is

A. the role of radio and television in Nigeria Education
B. why Nigeria teachers should use radio and television for teaching
C. the need to promote teaching and learning through radio and television in Nigeria
D. Enhancing school broadcasting for effective teaching and learning in Nigeria

PASSAGE II

The standardization processes of Nigerian pidgin seems to have started during the post-colonial period.
Naturally, Nigerian pidgin appears to be the first choice of most Nigerians in informal situations, especially
when they are among those from different ethnic and linguistic background. Thus, the selection process has
tactically taken place. Among all the languages used in Nigeria today, English inclusive, Nigerian pidgin could
be said to be the most widely spoken. Evidence abounds in motor parks, parties, congregations and most
social occasions. There is also ample evidence in the electronic and print media, especially in political
propaganda, campaigns and product advertisement. Thus, in terms of spread and extensive use, Nigerian
pidgin could rightly be called a national lingua franca.

The use of Nigerian pidgin in contemporary Nigerian could be described as most productive, extensive and
complex. It appears that the standardization processes-selection, codification, elaboration of functions and
acceptance-which started in the post-colonial era, are as now being completed in contemporary Nigeria. The
reason for this assumption is simple-apart from its complex use as a lingua franca, languages of media
advertisement, social interaction, unofficial military training and limited literary output, Nigerian pidgin gas
attained widespread acceptability in the media, political propaganda and campaigns as well as soap operas. It
is also the language of radio and television jingles. Most electronic media now use appreciable percentage of
their airtime to cast news and give reports in Nigeria pidgin. Even though its use in some newspaper columns
has declined, especially with the demise of the ‘Waka About’ column in the Daily Times, it is however found
extensively in some newspaper advertisements
.

In places like Warri, Sapele and Port Harcourt, there were reports that teachers at lower primary level taught
their pupils in Nigerian pidgin. This unofficial adoption of the Nigerian pidgin as the language of the lower
primary education by those teachers is justifiable considering the provision in the National Policy on
Education, which states that in addition to English, the major language in the child’s environment could be
used at the elementary level of education. Similarly, Nigerian pidgin has become a language of religious
preaching, especially Christianity. In most rural and even urban centres where congregation are not all very
well-educated, pastors resort to the use of Nigerian pidgin.

The use of the Nigerian pidgin as a literary language tends to have started in the sixties with the work of
Achebe, Soyinka and others. But it is in the contemporary times that it has become most widespread. The
number of poems, novels and plays written and published in Nigerian pidgin is growing even more rapidly.
Many more literary writers now attempt to experiment with the language. Therefore, the evidence of
codification and elaboration of functions and the partial or tactical acceptance of Nigerian pidgin are clearly
visible.

6. The reference to the National Policy on Education in the passage implies that
A. the government recognizes Nigerian pidgin
B. pidgin will continue to enjoy acceptance by many Nigerians
C. it is simple to understand
D. Nigerian pidgin is used at all levels

7. From the passage, which of the following is the most important reason why Nigerian pidgin is popular?
A. it is used in social occasions
B. it has no ethnic affiliation
C. it is extensively used along the coast
D. it is used ny many creative writers

8. The style of this passage could best be described as

A. narrative only
B. narrative and expository
C. persuasive and argumentative
D. descriptive only

9. According to the passage, the phrase 'lingua franca' means

A. Nigerian pidgin
B. common language
C. second language
D. mother tongue
10. The fact that Nigerian pidgin is used in primary education in places like Warri, Sapele and Port Harcourt
suggests that it is
A. universally accepted
B. a lingua franca
C. a language of instruction
D. Nigeria's second lingua franca

PASSAGE III

Millons of people today are in serious ‘debt’. This can be a major factor in wrecking their cars, damaging their
careers and even ruining their marriages. It can adversely affect their health and lifespan. It is a deficit that
contributes to immune suppression, creating susceptibility to various infections. Conditions as different as
diabetes, heart diseases, and extreme obesity, as well as other health problems have been linked to it. Yet,
most victims are oblivious of this debt. The debtor is the one who does not have enough sleep needed for
well-being. This can be caused by voluntary sleep deprivation resulting from a person’s life-style or by
involuntary sleep deprivation because of illness and other causes. Medical researchers estimate that the
earth’s population is now getting on the average an hour less sleep per into both the variety of sleep-related
illnesses and their impact on the quality of life.

The medical world once viewed the chronic inability to sleep as just one disorder, commonly called insomnia.
However, a commission created by the U.S. Congress recognized 17 distinct sleep disorders. At any rate,
insomnia has so many causes that it is often considered to be a sympt5om of other problems, much as fever
suggests some sort of infection. Even occasional deprivation of sleep can be disastrous. Consider the case of
Tom, although an experienced truck driver, he plunged his 18-wheel vehicle over an embankment, spilling 400
litres of sulphuric acid onto a major highway. Tom admits: ‘I fell asleep.’ Students of two U.S. highways
estimated that drowsy drivers caused some 50 per cent of the fatal crashes.

With hundreds of thousands of sleep-related auto and other accidents happening annually, the worldwide
coast to productivity and family is enormous. What factors may contribute to lack of sleep? ‘One is the social
phenomenon often called 24/7- operating 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The newspaper, USA Today,
described this as a cultural earthquake that is changing the way we live, noting that a new wave of round-the-
clock retailers and services is profiting by mocking the clock. In many lands, people watch all-night television
programmes and access the internet when they should be sleeping. Then there is the toll taken by emotional
disorders, often involving anxieties heightened by stress occasioned by the pace of life. Also, there are a
variety of physical diseases that can contribute to lack of sleep.

Many doctors note how difficult it is to get their patients to take sleep seriously. One doctor complained that
chronic fatigue is even considered ‘a status symbol’ by some. And because their condition often worsens very
gradually, victims of sleep deprivation may not recognize that they suffer from a serious sleep disorder. Many
of them reason, ‘I’m just getting old’ or I’ can’t cope with life, so I tend to shut down’ or ‘I’m tired all the time
because I can never get the long rest I need.’ Reversing this sleep debt is a complex challenge. But
understanding how a healthful sleep cycle works and learning to identify the signs of sleep debt can provide
the motivation to change. Recognizing the symptoms of a serious sleep disorder can save lives and this should
be a warning to many Nigerians, particularly those who engage in long night journeys.

11. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. lack of sleep is caused by either a person's lifestyle or involuntary sleep and not by both
B. voluntary sleep deprived can be attributed to the way in which an individual life
C. some illness causes sleep disorder which can be both voluntary and in voluntary
D. healthful sleep is needed only for one's well-being

12. The -passage suggests that

A. medical doctors have found 17 distinct sleep disorder
B. inability to sleep was once considered to be chronic
C. insomnia and fever are medical conditions that are indicative of other problems
D. the U.S. Congress has recognized that insomnia is a symptom of other problems

13. The expression 'mocking the clock' as used in the passage, captures the
A. phenomenon of retailers making a lot of profit because they operate at night
B. fact that retail business is a waste of time
C. total disregard of time by retailers and services
D. fact that the time available to retailers and services is not enough to do good business

14. In the first sentence of the passage, the word 'debt' is quoted because
A. it has been used for a special effect
B. it has been used in the first sentence
C. of the seriousness of the matter it addresses
D. it is capable of destroying people

15. From the passage, doctors find it hard to convince their patients of the gravity of lack of sleep because
A. it is caused by a variety of reasons
B. the patients are often tired and cannot get enough sleep
C. people believe that it enhances one's personality
D. its impact on the patient is slow

PASSAGE IV

The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. Each question carries 2 marks.
Business executives selling industrial and high price-tag customer goods have come to the……16…..[A.
realization B. conclusion C. level D. point] that there should be a better approach to buyer-seller……17……[A.
relationship B. existence C. agreement D. friendship]. In Nigeria, a new brand of salesmanship is emerging.
Today, such……18….[A. concepts B. words C. clauses D. definitions] as consultative selling, relationship
marketing and value-added selling have become common catchphrases with professional salespeople.
Salespeople are now….19….[A. emerging B. reversing C. dangling D. shifting] from pushy, hard-selling to
consultations, playing business advisory and problem-solving roles for their customers. Customers ….20….[A.
interest B. awareness C. view D. service] has assumed a higher dimension. Salespeople and their companies
are beginning to realize that the only way to stay in business and possibly be ahead of….21….[A. distribution
B. competition C. consumption D. production] is to give adequate attention to the needs of customers.
Salespeople and business executives are beginning to understand that customer….22….[A. respect B. dignity
C. loyalty D. obedience] is what ensures a robust bottom line. The only way to do this is to give special
attention to the needs of customers. First time purchase is the beginning of a relationship. We now have a
very…..23…..[A. tangible B. rowdy C. sensitive D. desirable] marketplace in which people feel a need for
personal intimacy and excellent service. In fact, some customers want to be pampered. They want customized
service. They want a salesperson who comes to them with a…..24….[A. prior B. full C. biased D.
simple] knowledge of their needs and has ready-made solution to their problems. The ability to….25….[A.
analyse B. present C. organize D. discuss] the needs of the customer and provide adequate information that
helps the customer to make informed purchase decisions are attributes that the modern customer respects
and appreciates

Choose the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. It was our collective idea but Ado was doing everything to steal the show.
A. Ado was not part of the planning but he tried rub us of the benefit of it
B. We planned the show together but Ado was trying to abort it
C. It was a joint project but Ado is trying to attract the most attention
D. We collated the idea for the show but Ado was trying to steal the programme

27. As we watched, he just popped along to the shop for some b read?
A. He has walked slowly to the shop
B. He stole some bread from the shop but we could not stop him
C. H e broke into the bread shop before our very eyes
D. He went quickly to the shop for some bread

28. In all ramifications, Chief Adeyemi was a success principal of the school?
A. He was partly a failure and partly a success
B. Everyone admitted that he was largely successful during his tenure
C. He was not totally successful in the school
D. His tenure witnessed a huge success

29. I couldn't buy the biscuit because of the hold-up in the supermarket?
A. The shop had not opened
B. The attendant was slow
C. Armed robbers were there
D. There was nobody to attend to me

30. You could have heard sound, if you weren't asleep?

A. You were not asleep so you heard the sound
B. You were asleep so you did not heard the sound
C. You heard the sound though you were asleep
D. You did not hear the sound though you were not asleep

31. Musa will not do the job well because he has an itching palm?
A. He has rashes in his palm
B. He is always looking for something to touch
C. He is always ready to accept bribe
D. He is tapping people on the back
.
32. Emeka was always conspicuous by his absence when it came to attending lectures.
A. That Emeka always attended lectures at school
B. Emeka absence from lectures was all too glaring
C. It was obvious that Emeka was not present at lectures
D. What made Emeka conspicuous was is occasional absence from school

33. He was injured by a friendly fire?

A. He was wounded in a war by a friend of his who fired a shot mistakenly
B. He was injured by a gun shot that was fired by a friend
C. He was hit in a war by a war weapon fired by his own side
D. It was a war and he was hit by a bomb fired by an unknown soldier

34. Kola visits us on occasions, and I don't like that?

A. I do not like Kola because he visits us only when an event is being celebrated
B. I hate the fact that Kola only visits us when something is being celebrated
C. That Kola does not visit us often is something I object to
D. Kola seldom visits us and that is because he is a fair-weather friend

35. At the time I arrived, Olu was lying in third place?

A. Olu's third position coincided with my arrival
B. When I arrived, Olu was sleeping in the space reserved for him
C. It was a competition and Olu was in third position when I arrived
D. On my arrived at the competition, Olu went to sleep

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

36. We had difficulty eating the meat because it was leathery?

A. bitter
B. stringy
C. tough
D. tender

37. The boy is too indolent to do well at school?

A. intelligent
B. industrious
C. inactive
D. slothful

38. Salasi's tremendous effort has yield results?

A. absolute
B. insignficant
C. unimpressive
D. a gregarious

39. The computerized service of the new bank is heart-warming

A. absolute
B. insignificant
C. unimaginable
D. prohibitive

40. Life has become a misery for many owing to the harsh economic condition in the country?
A. drudgery
B. ridicule
C. ritual
D. comfort

41. The company director has a vivacious personality?

A. a positive
B. an unmanageable
C. an unimpressive
D. a gregarious

42. Young people have a penchant for fast cars?

A. likeness
B. passion
C. madness
D. dislike

43. Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

Most of the latest actions are militant in nature?
A. commanding
B. civil
C. zealous
D. passionate

44. His ideas sounded quite palatable yet they were jettisoned by the group?
A. accepted
B. dumped
C. denied
D. criticized

45. The compulsory leave made her feel listless?

A. restful
B. great
C. fat
D. energetic

46. 'A novel is an embellished falsehood', said the teacher?

A. enriched
B. exaggerate
C. adorned
D. obliterated

47. I have had enough of your impudence.

A. politeness
B. incivility
C. arrogance
D. boldness

48. We were collectively responsible for keeping the machine in good shape?
A. jointly
B. severally
C. dutifully
D. socially

49. His comment was not printable?

A. punishable
B. suitable
C. offensive
D. unfair

50. Curiously, he escape unhurt?

A. interestingly
B. unsurprisingly
C. annoyingly
D. unusually

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s).

51. Agwube's explanation of her poor performance at the examination only begged the question?
A. delayed her punishment
B. sounded quite convincing
C. did not address the issue
D. over flogged the matter

52. We have every need to preserve some of our national monuments for posterity?
A. prosperity
B. future
C. national pride
D. collective gain

53. He commands the confidence and respect of all his subordinates?

A. request
B. enjoins
C. enforces
D. conjures

54. The president has mapped out some many laudable projects to embark upon?
A. laughable
B. good
C. praise worthy
D. valuable

55. Adamu's father is a stem man?

A. wicked
B. strict
C. playful
D. conservation

56. Nobody knew the source of the altercation between the couple?
A. alter ego
B. quarrel
C. deep love
D. wealth

57. His poetry is said to be inscrutable?

A. ludicrous
B. unlearnable
C. inseparable
D. mysterious

58. Hers was a specious argument about the government of the day?
A. misleading
B. precious
C. spacious
D. true

59. The Lagos bus conductor wore his professional livery.

A. badge
B. shoe
C. uniform
D. cap

60. If joy hadn't been tripped up halfway through the race, she would have come first?
A. discouraged
B. disqualified
C. interrupted
D. exhausted

61. There must be something sinister about her late arrival?

A. reasonable
B. joyful
C. hopeful
D. ominous

62. The unification of the country has brought about great technological advancement?
A. restoration
B. agreement
C. cohesion
D. stability

63. His amnesia has affected his career?

A. loss of focus
B. loss of sight
C. loss of memory
D. loss of direction

64. Idris' forbearance endeared him to us?

A. hard work
B. patience
C. wisdom
D. good manners

65. They hated the police and, by implication, me?

A. extension
B. inference
C. examination
D. application
Choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

66. He is really very mean. He ...... not lend me the money I wanted?
A. should
B. could
C. would
D. won't

67. When the cashier told him to join the queue, he considered it ....... his dignity?
A. a drawback to
B. an affront on
C. withdrawal from
D. a strain on

68. If anyone greets you, it is only polite to return...... greeting?

A. your
B. theine’s
C. anyone's
D. one's

69. Amina lives ....... campus?

A. in the
B. on
C. at the
D. inside
70. An acceptance of the offer would be a departure from the several rejections that ....... ?
A. had taken place
B. have taken place
C. will take place
D. took place

71. The ....... part of a new book is often written by a more experienced writer than the author?
A. foreward
B. foreword
C. forward
D. forword

72. The officer acted in ....... the instructions?

A. accorance by
B. accordance to
C. accordance of
D. accordance with

73. The bombs was ...... ?

A. detonated
B. dismantled
C. deactivated
D. depleted

74. If you want to succeed in life, don't be envious ......... other people's achievement?
A. of
B. to
C. with
D. on

75. They are taught to value honour ........ their lives?

A. from
B. in
C. than
D. above

76. I missed the match though it was shown on television on two ...... nights?
A. concurrent
B. consistent
C. concrete
D. consecutive

77. The company paid some money to Abu to .......him for losses he suffered during the accident?
A. indemnity
B. condole with
C. settle
D. recompense

78. Our plan for the trip fell ....... when the rich man did not give us a life.......?
A. off/ boat
B. through / line
C. down / jacket
D. in / help

79. Government has frowned upon politicians who are out to ...... wealth?
A. gain
B. amass
C. steal
D. waste
80. You are just the hat on ........ ?
A. don't you
B. isn't it
C. aren’t you
D. not so

81. He was determined to ....... all position into submission?

A. push
B. cow
C. box
D. pound

82. I tried to discourage him, but he persisted ........ revealing the secret of his son.
A. for
B. in
C. on
D. to

83. I am told that the market is ...... in to the interests of people from all ........ of life?
A. tuned / walks
B. constructed / places
C. designed / places
D. set / works

84. Uche has been in ...... with his pen pal for years?
A. exchange
B. correspondence
C. favor
D. cord

85. Abba became ...... about his in ability to pass the examination?
A. despondent
B. disenchanted
C. dogmatic
D. joyful

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

86. Caught?
A. hot
B. water
C. sup
D. wrong

87. Country?
A. worry
B. courteous
C. bought
D. poultry

88. Trap?
A. wonder
B. because
C. plait
D. quantity

89. Rest?
A. result
B. show
C. unasked
D. wise

90. Joint?
A. dagger
B. advantage
C. guardian
D. mightier

91. Thought?
A. taught
B. weather
C. theatre
D. fate

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word.

92. Sheer
A. dear
B. shirt
C. spare
D. shade

93. Great?
A. creek
B. crate
C. knit
D. treat

94. Own?
A. brown
B. frown
C. gown
D. phone

Choose the the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters.

95. Ceremoniously?
A. CEremoniously
B. CeREmoniously
C. CereMOniously
D. CeremoNIously

96. Understandable?
A. UnDERstandable
B. UnderstandABLE
C. UNderstandable
D. UnderSTANDable

97. Management?
A. MAnagement
B. MANagement?
C. manAGEment
D. manageMENT

98. LAM called Uche a pilot?

A. What did Lam call Uche?
B. Did Okoro call Uche a pilot?
C. Did Lam call Uche a driver
D. Did Lam wish Uche to be a pilot?

99. The girl DANCED in the village square.

A. Who danced in the village square?
B. Is this the billage square where the girl dance?
C. Did the girl dance in the village square
D. Did the the girl sing in the village square

100. My father READ the newspaper.

A. Did my father steal the newspaper?
B. Who read the newspaper?
C. What did my father read
D. Whose father read the newspaper

USE OF ENGLISH 2010

PASSAGE I
One of the interesting things to me about our spaceship is that it is a mechanical vehicle, just as is an
automobile. If you own a car, you realize that you must put oil and gas into it and must put water in the
radiator and take care of the car as a whole. You begin to develop quite a little thermodynamic sense. You
know that you are either going to have to keep the machine in a good order or it is going to be in trouble and
fail to function. We have not been seeing our spaceship earth as an integrally-designed machine which to be
persistently successful, must be comprehended and serviced in total.

Now there is one outstanding important fact regarding Spaceship Earth and that is that no instrument book
came with it. I think it is very significant that there is no instrument book for successfully operating our ship, in
view of the infinite attention to all other details displayed by our ship. It must be taken as deliberate and
purposeful that an instruction book was omitted. Lack of instruction has forced us to find out that there are
two kinds of mangoes-unripe mangoes that will kill us and ripped mangoes which will nourish us. And we had
to find out ways of telling which were-which mangoes before we ate it or otherwise we would die. So we were
forced because of this to devise scientific experimental procedures and to interpret effectively the significance
of the experimental findings. Thus, because the instruction manual was missing, we are learning how we can
safely survive on the planet.

Quite clearly, all living beings are utterly helpless at the moment of birth. The human child stays helpless
longer than the young of any species. Apparently, it is part of the “invention” that man is meant to be utterly
helpless through certain anthropological phases. When he begins to be able to get on a little better, he is
meant to discover some of the physical principals inherent in the universe as well as the many resources
around him which will further multiply his knowledge. Designed into this Spaceship Earth’s total wealth was a
big safety factor. This allowed man to be very ignorant for a long time until he had amassed enough
experience from which to extract progressively the system of generalized principals governing increase of
energy. The designed omission of the instruction book forced man to discover retrospectively just what his
most important capabilities are. He learned to generalize fundamental principles of universe.
!. Which use of English question paper type is given to you?
A. type A
B. type B
C. type C
D. type D

2. According to the writer, the exciting thing about spaceship Earth is that it
A. has no instrument manual
B. is not difficult to maintain
C. is peculiar to other automobiles
D. is relatively easy to operate

3. The absence of instrument manual in Spaceship Earth has

A. made the operation of the Spaceship Earth difficult
B. forced man to devise other means of travelling in space
C. challenged man's inquisitiveness
D. made man helpless

4. From the passage, it can be deduced that man

A. learns by experiment and deduction
B. learns by chance and accidentally
C. is incapable of solving all his problems
D. by his nature is in constant search of knowledge

5. The writer's mood in the passage is that of

A. non-committal
B. pessimism
C. optimism
D. frustration

PASSAGE II
Stress is by far the most common cause of ill health in our society and may be the underlying cause of as many
as 70-80 per cent of all visits to family doctors. It is also the problem that every doctor shares with patients.
Experts note that stress is an issue everyone can relate to experimentally. In studying and better
understanding about stress, we can derive personal as well as professional benefits.

Stress can be overcome without undergoing duress. They often say anyone who wants to help someone deal
with his/her stress should learn to handle his/her first. The manifestation of stress is legion. It can contribute
or mimic just about any symptom you can think of. However, the main symptoms are physical, mental,
emotional and behavioural. The cause of stress are multiple and varied but they can be classified into external
and internal. External stressors can include relatively getting sick or dying, jobs being lost or people criticizing
or one becoming angry. However, most of the stress people experience is self-generated.

Experts tell us that we create the majority of our upsets indicating that because we cause most of our own
stress, we can do something about it. This gives us a measure of choice and control that we do not always
have when outside forces act on us. This also leads to a basic premise about stress reduction. To master
stress-change, you have to figure out what you are doing that is contributing to your problems and change it.
These changes fall into behaviour, thinking, lifestyle choices and/ or situations you are in. by getting to the
root causes of your stress, you can prevent recurrences.

As a way of draining off stress energy, nothing beats aerobic exercise. To understand why, we need to review
what stress is. People often think of stress as pressure at work, a demanding boss, a sick child or rush-hour
traffic. These may be trigger but stress is actually the body reaction to factors such as these. Stress is the fight-
or-fight response in the body, mediated by adrenaline and other stress hormones and comprised such
physiologic changes as increased heart rate and blood pressure, faster breathing, muscle tension, dilated
pupils, dry mouth and increased blood sugar. In other words, stress is the state of increased arousal necessary
for an organism to defend itself at a time of danger.

Exercise is the most logical way to dissipate the excess energy. It is what our bodies are trying to do when we
pace around or tap our legs and fingers. It is much better to channel it into a more complete form of exercise
like a brisk walk, a run, a bike ride, or a game of squash.

Just as we are all capable of mounting up and sustaining a stress reaction, we have also inherited the ability
to put our bodies into a state of deep relaxation called the ‘relaxation response’. In this state, all the
physiologic events in the stress reaction are reversed. Pulse slows, blood pressure falls, breathing slows and
muscles relax.

6. The expression 'stress is an issue every body can relate to experimentally' means that
A. it is better understood when experienced
B. its problem can be solved by everybody
C. everybody avoids it
D. everybody encounters it

7. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. stress is mostly caused by internal factors
B. stress can only be avoided during relaxation
C. stress is better handled by the individual
D. the issue of stress can be solved with no effort

8. According to the passage, the major step in controlling stress is

A. changing one's attitude to stressors
B. understanding the history of the disease
C. visiting family doctors for checkup and treatment
D. constant exercise to dissipate every energy

9. The experts feel one can control one's stress because

A. its cause are understandable
B. it is not difficult to control
C. external factors contribute less to stress
D. it is individually initiated

10. From the passage, it can be deduced that stress is

A. hormonal disorder in the body system
B. individually induced problems
C. bodily reaction to internal factors
D. bodily reaction to external factors

PASSAGE III
There are many indicators with which to assess or measure corruption. One of them is the affluent living habit
of the public official compared to his/her income. Corruption occurs when a public official expects to be
induced to perform an act which that public official is ordinarily required to do by law.

Corruption can slow down development. One of the most widely discussed consequences of corruption is the
distortion of governmental expenditure. This often results in public money being wasted on white elephant
projects, rather than people-oriented services such as health and education. As a result, more opportunities
are presented for corrupt use or diversion of funds. Raising the ethical standards of governance can lead to
many benefits especially for the economic, political and social development of a country.

Fighting corruption and promoting governance is therefore crucial to developing an environment that
facilitates the social, political and economic development of the people. However, while there are often
general statements made about the effects of corruption on poverty and development, there is not an explicit
recognition that corruption is more than just wealth misappropriation or abuse of power. Corruption
impoverishes countries and deprives their citizens of good governance. It destabilizes economic system. When
organized crime and other illegal activities flourish, basic public functions are eroded and the quality of life of
the people is reduced. Bribery, for example is universally regarded as a crime, but it also reflects socio-
economic problems that require broad-based preventive measures and the involvement of the society at
large.

Another implication of global measures against corruption is making government work better by improving
the economy. Finally, redesigning political and regulatory structures will reduce corruption and other anti-
system players that encourage corrupt practices.

11. According to the writer, corruption is triggered off by

A. unnecessary affluence
B. selfish interests
C. private officials
D. public officers

12. From the passage, one of the consequences of corruption is that

A. large projects are executed
B. it is beneficial to wealthy people who stole public wealth
C. it impedes the progress of a nation
D. people get what they want with so much money to spend

13. Who. according to the writer should prevent corruption?

A. lawyers and police
B. corrupt public officers
C. the government
D. the people

14. Which of the following is an indication of ethical standard of governance?

A. fundamental human right
B. socio-economic instability
C. democratic governance
D. bloated expenditure

15. The essence of fighting corruption according to the passage is to

A. send the corrupt to goal
B. promote good governance
C. punish corrupt politicians
D. make people richer

PASSAGE III
Drought is a word that invokes strong emotions. This is not surprising as the...16...[A. ideology B.
phenomenon C. idea D. component] is usually accompanied by a number of unpleasant developments. These
developments have ……..17…..[A. feedback B. results C. implication D. outcomes] for all citizens, starting
from the peasant farmers to the state and federal governments which may be plunged into emergency and
crisis situation which, if not successfully ……18…..[A. managed B. manipulated C. examined D. studied] could
result in social unrest.

The timeliness of the onset of the rains in various regions of the country and their adequate distribution
thereafter have become…..19…..[A. objects B. subjects C. issues D. topics] of considerable anxiety to all
people. The fact, however, is that periodic reduction in the normal…..20…..[A. amount B. supply C. size D.
flood] of rainfall in the country is not new.

Since large areas of the country are drought prone, the consequence are ……21…..[A. effective B. disastrous
C. evident D. inevitable]. Dry spells could be very severe. There are two aspects of coping with drought. One
has to do with emergency measures and the other with ……22…..[A. routine B. organized C. urgent D.
delayed] measures. An immediate consequence of any drought would be famine. In addition, where whole
populations are forced to abandon their lands or pastures in search of food, there are bound to be other
lasting and…..23…..[A. longitudinal B. objective C. simultaneous D. parallel] consequences such as distress,
sales of cattle by livestock owners in order to buy food.

Government should provide farmers with agricultural inputs and ensure that they have easy access to these
inputs under the relief…..24…..[A. action B. process C. scheme D. plan]. Emergency measures will be much
more……25…..[A. normal B. correct C. idealistic D. effective] if a mechanism is established to ensure
adequate preparedness and defence against the occurrence of drought.

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.
26. Though Mr. Iro is our new chairman, he views other members with jaundiced eye?
A. He takes a rather forceful position on dealing with his members
B. He takes an unfavourable position concerning his members
C. He takes a sicky view of his members
D. He takes a rather hazy view of his members

27. People are not interested in who rules?

A. People are not ruled by the leaders they want
B. People are not concerned about who rules them
C. The rulers are not concerned about the people
D. People who rule are not interested in the ruled

28. It is always good to steer a middle course in whatever one does

A. it is always good to get midway in anything one does
B. it is always good to act with moderation
C. it is always good to move away from the fore front
D. it is always good to work very hard

29. The witness said he had no axe to grind with his brothers?
A. He had no hatred for the brothers
B. He had no axe and therefore stole the matchet
C. He had no axe and therefore borrowed their matchet
D. He had no vested interest in the brothers.

30. The footballers moved with their tails between their legs?
A. They moved happily because they won the match the match
B. They were unhappy because they had been despised by their opponents
C. They were ashamed because they had been defeated
D. They moved with their tails between their legs

31. The headmaster managed to take his way out of having to give a speech?
A. He delivered a speech despite the difficult
B. He managed to give a speech out of a difficult situation
C. He managed to get himself out of a difficult situation
D. He managed to talk on his way

32. As regards the matter, we have crossed the Rubicon?

A. We are completely at loss
B. We are irrevocably committed
C. We are already qualified
D. We are perfectly committed

33. Uche is full of himself?

A. He is conceited
B. He is complete
C. He is a rich man
D. He is careful

34. As debutantes in that tournament, the super eagles were up against their first opponents by three goals to
nil?
A. The Super Eagles were playing in the tournament for the first time, but they won their match by three goals
to nothing
B. Though the Super Eagles were rated as the weakest side in the tournament, they won their first match by
three goals to nil
C. Even though the Super Eagles were playing without some of their stars, they won their match by three
goals to nil
D. As the best trackers in the match, the Super Eagles easily defeated their opponents by three goals to
nothing
35. The woman was mournful as her husband was found dead drunk?
A. She was sad because her husband was absolutely drunk
B. She was apprehensive that her husband would drink as soon as he recovered from drunken stupor
C. She was sad because her husband was drunk and always as helpless as a dead man
D. She was mourning because her husband drank and died

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

36. I am optimistic about the interview though it was a mind-bending exercise?

A. an enervating
B. a debilitating
C. a difficult
D. an easy

37. The trader was amused by the cut-throat rush for the goods?
A. worrisome
B. strange
C. lackluster
D. mad

38. The teacher said that Ali's essay was full of many redundant details?
A. unexplained
B. strange
C. necessary
D. useful

39. His father surmounted the myriad of obstacles on his way?

A. most
B. few
C. all
D. many

40. Her ingenuous smile drew our attention?

A. witty
B. naive
C. clever
D. arrogant

41. Ndeni gave a flawless speech at the party?

A. a wonferful
B. a careless
C. an interesting
D. an imperfect
42. Beneath Ado's gruff exterior, he's really very kind-hearted?
A. nice
B. harsh
C. rough
D. gentle
43. The captain says sports is being debased by commercial sponsorship
A. localized
B. perverted
C. elevated
D. overvalued

44. Governing a country is not always as straightforward as people sometimes imagine?

A. complicated
B. troublesome
C. untoward
D. irksome

45. The crowd was very receptive to the speaker's suggestion?

A. disobedient
B. discrepancy
C. compromise
D. agreement

46. There was a general acquiescence on the new drug law

A. resistance
B. discrepancy
C. compromise
D. agreement

47. Aisha seems to feel ambivalent about her future?

A. decisive
B. anxious
C. ambitious
D. inconsiderate

48. The report of the committee contained a plethora of details?

A. shortage
B. simplicity
C. multitude
D. spectrum

49. The weather was still very heavy and sultry?

A. wintry and shadowy
B. cold and friendly
C. cloudly and thundery
D. hot and uncomfortable

50. Ada gave her husband a look that made words superfluous?
A. redundant
B. spurious
C. unnecessary
D. scanty

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s).

51. A political impasses does not offer the best opportunity for merrymaking?
A. manifesto
B. party
C. gridlock
D. rally

52. We were all enthusiastic as we awaited the result of the election?

A. bemused
B. agitated
C. elated
D. nervous

53. The uniform makes the guards look absurd?

A. dirty
B. smart
C. sensible
D. ridiculous

54. The law is often tardy in reacting to changing attitude?

A. quick
B. slow
C. exclusive
D. generous

55. Isa and Ilu ate sumptuous meals on their brother's wedding day?
A. expensive
B. foreign
C. insipid
D. cheap
56. Kaltume crouched over the papers on her desk?
A. wrote on
B. stood on
C. walked over
D. bent over

57. The panacea for a country’s economic mess lie in the systematic planning and hard work
A. cure
B. foresight
C. hope
D. trouble

58. Thousands of workers have been victims of retrenchment since the military came back to power?
A. unemployment
B. trench mentality
C. suffering
D. increase in penury

59. The principal gave his speech offhand at the sports meeting?
A. calmly
B. beautifully
C. unconcerned
D. unprepared

60. Jankoli was dressed in an old assortment of clothes?

A. avalanche
B. homogeneity
C. sameness
D. mélange

61. The director's remark was extremely apposite to the shrine?

A. collected
B. overwhelmed
C. embarrased
D. astonished

62. The director's remark was extremely opposite to the issue being discussed?
A. appropriate
B. inconsequential
C. emphatic
D. adequate
63. Her reputation is without a blemish?
A. struggle
B. problem
C. fault
D. blessing

64. Ugo's is eligible for the post of secretary?

A. nominated
B. invited
C. qualified
D. intelligent

65. This is an abridge version of No longer at Ease?

A. an outdated
B. an enlarged
C. an illustrated
D. a shortened

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

66. Lemoti ....... as a painter, but also as a sculptor?

A. is gifted only not
B. is only not gifted
C. is gifted not only
D. is only gifted

67. He can recall the important dates in the nation's history, it is interesting to listen as he rattles........?
A. off
B. over
C. up
D. out

68. Last Monday his father asked me, ....... ?

A. if I had come some days before
B. if I had come the day before
C. did you come yesterday
D. had I come yesterday

69. The boy told his mother...... ?

A. that was the girl he told her about
B. that was the girl I told you about her
C. that was the girl I told her about
D. that is the girl he told her about

70. His wife was badly injured in the fracas, but I think she will pull ....... ?
A. up
B. over
C. through
D. back

71. A wide range of options ....... made available to students in their final year last year?
A. is
B. were
C. are
D. was

72. One of the women who ...... in the premises ...... been ordered to quit?
A. sells / have
B. sell / has
C. sell / have
D. sells / has

73. The new trade agreement should facilitate ....... ?

A. more economic rapid growth
B. economic more rapid growth
C. rapid economic more growth
D. more rapid economic growth

74. The principal said that he was pleased ...... my effort?

A. on
B. of
C. with
D. about

75. Paper is made …… woodpulp

A. on
B. of
C. from
D. with

76. Long after everyone …… the hall, Obi still sat inside
A. left
B. is leaving
C. has left
D. had left
77. They are the ….. dresses
A. baby’s
B. baby
C. babies
D. babais

78. The politician was sent …… exile

A. onto
B. into
C. on
D. to

79. When we looked up, we ...... the plane some miles away?
A. site
B. cited
C. sited
D. sighted

80. Vital ...... is still spread ..... word of mouth in most villages in Africa?
A. information / from
B. information / with
C. information / by
D. information / through

81. Western education is one of the ...... child trafficking?

A. legacies
B. evidence
C. remnants
D. inheritance

82. The federal Government has ....... child trafficking?

A. postulated
B. projected
C. prescribed
D. proscribed

83. The man was happy that his son confessed his guilt and so the others were .......?
A. implicated
B. accused
C. punished
D. exonerated
84. Based on the facts before me, I have no alternative ....... to hold you responsible?
A. only
B. as
C. than
D. but

85. Many people would always find reasons to ....... the law?
A. arrogate
B. debase
C. circumvent
D. circumspect

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the underlined letters.

86. Coup
A. whup
B. hoot
C. couple
D. scout

87. Indict
A. bright
B. fish
C. pick
D. brick

88. Roared?
A. towered
B. coast
C. brought
D. rod

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the underlined letters.

89. Sheath
A. bathe
B. lenght
C. months
D. paths

90. High?
A. what
B. honest
C. who
D. vehicle

91. Of course?
A. plough
B. dough
C. over
D. orphan

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word.

92. Boys
A. stays
B. moist
C. noise
D. elbows

93. Shine?
A. clean
B. fine
C. machine
D. lain

94. Seer?
A. snare
B. spare
C. spear
D. square

Choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllable are written in capital
letters(s).

95. political
A. politiCAL
B. POlitical
C. poliTIcal
D. poLITical

96. satisfactory?
A. satisfacTORY
B. saTISfactory
C. SATisfactory
D. satisFACtory
97. captivity?
A. captiviTY
B. captiVIty
C. capTIvity
D. CAPtivity

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given relates.

98. EMEKA finished his home work yesterday.

A. Was Emeka helped to do his home work?
B. Did Emeka do his home work yesterday?
C. When did Emeka finish his home work?
D. Who finished his home work yesterday?

99. Taiwo SAILED to London.

A. Did Taiwo fly to London?
B. Did Taiwo sail to Brazil?
C. Did Taiwo sail to London
D. Where did Taiwo sail to?

100. My bag is made of LEATHER?

A. Whose bag is made of leather?
B. Is my bag made of polythene?
C. Abu's bag made of leather?
D. Is my bag made of leather?
USE OF ENGLISH 2011

PASSAGE I
Like a clock with the pendulum in full swing, the mind moves as fast as time. But we ought to mind our
thoughts, for if they turn to be our enemies. They will be too many for us and will drag us down to ruin.

But some people may say that they cannot help having bad thought even though they sting like vipers. That
may be true, but the question is do they hate them or not? We cannot keep thieves from looking in at our
windows, but if we open our doors to them and receive them joyfully, we are bad as they. We cannot help the
birds flying over our heads; but we may keep them from building their nests in our hair. Vain thoughts will
knock at the door but we must not open to them.

Though bad and evil thoughts rise in our hearts, they must not be allowed to reign. He who turns a morsel
over and over in his mouth does so because he likes the flavours, and he who meditates upon evil, loves it,
and is ripe to commit it. think of the devil, and he will appear, turn your thoughts towards will and your hands
will soon follow. Snails leave their slime behind them, and so do vain thoughts. An arrow may fly through the
air, and level no trace, but an evil thought always leaves a trail like serpent.
 Where there is much traffic of bad thinking, there will be much mire and dirty. Every wave of wicked thought
adds something to the corruption which rots upon the shore of life. It is dreadful to think that a vile
imagination. Once indulged, gets the key of our minds, and get in again very easily, whether or not we let it in,
and what may follow, no one knows,. Nurse evil on the laps of thought, and it will grow into a giant.

Therefore, there is wisdom in watching every day, the thoughts and imaginations of our hearts. Good
thoughts are blessed guests and should be welcomed, well fed, and much sought after, but bad thoughts must
fly out as swiftly as they moved in.

1. Which question paper type of use of English is given to you?

A. type A
B. type B.
C. type C
D. type D
2. Which of the following statements represents the view expressed by the writer in the first paragraph?
A. Evil thoughts will eventually ruin the evill man
B. If we do not stop the pendulum of thoughts from swinging, our thoughts will soon become our enemies
C. Too many evil thoughts level fatal consequences
D. It is possible to decide what controls our thoughts.

3. From the argument in the second paragraph, it can be concluded that evil thoughts control the lives of
people who
A. are helpless because they fly out of their minds
B. cherish idle and slothful ways
C. are thieves with evil instincts
D. treasure and ruminate on them

4. The expression Think of the devil and he will appear... as used in the passage, suggest that
A. like the devil thoughts must not reign in our hearts
B. evil thoughts are fantasies which exist only in people's mind
C. uncontrolled evil thoughts may lead to evil deeds
D. the devil gives evil thoughts only to those who invite him in

5. Which of the following statements summarizes the argument of the last paragraph?
A. Heavy traffic on a miry and dirty road may lead to evil thoughts
B. The more evil we think, the more vile we are likely to become
C. Evil people should not be welcomed as guest in our homes the same way as we welcome good people
D. Evil thought control the key to the human heart and no one can keep them out.

PASSAGE II
In 1962, a team of scientists produced a special radio station that had a range of fifteen moles. Even though
communication was being accomplished in space at a range of more than a million times this distance, the
new radio station caused more excitement among scientists. The reason: its power supply was ‘battery ‘made
of bacteria. For the first time, practical amounts of electricity were being produced by a form of life and put to
use.

‘bio cell’, the new power supply had a liquid fuel containing tiny forms of life that changed the fuel directly
into electric energy. This was far more than an interesting experiment. The bio cell is being developed as
producer of electricity for radios, for signals to guide ships, for lighting and for other uses. Thought the
working bio cell is only a few years old, some scientists feel that it will one day produce power cheaply as is
now being done by other methods, and that the bio cell will use materials that would otherwise be considered
a waste. Early bio cells were powered with sugar, but a wide range of fuels can be used. Work is being done
using sea water to feed the bacteria.

Electricity from living cells is no new idea. Man experienced the strange ‘shock ‘produced by some fish even
before electricity was really discovered. Then in time, there were other discoveries. Benjamin Franklin found
that lightning in the sky was electricity. Lulgi Galvani found some electricity in the muscles and nerves of
animals. Bust the African catfish produces far more electricity than most other living creatures. And another
fish, the electric eel, well named, for it has an even greater electric charge. Research works also discovered
that even humans produce small amounts of electricity in their bodies. Our hearts produce a very small
amount that can be measured, so do our brains. The bio cell is completely new in the field of power
production and, as yet, no mass-produced models have begun to replace the older types of batteries. It might
be wondered, and then what the excitement is all about.
6. A suitable title for the passage is
A. Energy from Living Things
B. Electricity and Living Creatures
C. Bio cell and Scientific Discoveries
D. The Bio cell''s Future

7. The writer's posture, as conveyed in the statement Electricity from living cells is no new idea, can be
described as
A. ineffectual
B. contentious
C. logical
D. unguarded

8. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Scientists felt that bio cells would produce very costly energy
B. Bio cells, at the beginning, derived their energy from sugar
C. Sugar and fuel were initially used as sources of energy for bio cells
D. Bio cells were from of power used by the scientists

9. The inventors of bio cell justified the need for it by saying that it would
A. develop ways for changing bio cells into fuel for use
B. yield a source of energy without much spending
C. produce electricity for all types of machines
D. produce signals to guide all ships and other vessels

10. According to the passage, electricity was first discovered in

A. hearts and brains
B. muscles of animals
C. lighting
D. fish

PASSAGE III
Though assumption is the lowest level of knowledge; It is still a form of knowledge, and knowledge is key.
Assumptions are the foundation upon which interpretations and conclusion are built. Everything in life
operates under certain assumptions.
We make management decisions based on the assumptions we hold about how management ought to
function and how people ought to be governed. For others, it is unconsciously but potent all the same. Our
assumptions will either drown us or help us soar through life.
We have always seen life as an immense mansion with many rooms. Some roots lead to wealth others to the
opposite. Ultimately, we decide where we end up; and life, thus far, has proved that every one of us decides
well. We all behave differently where we have different levels of understanding, and behave the same way
where our understanding is the same. We eat because we all understand the consequences of not eating. We
all wear clothes because each of us comprehends lunacy. The list goes on and on. It is inevitable that some of
us will make choices that get and keep us on the lover rung of the ladder by reason of exposure, training or
some other variables. Life is about roleplaying. We choose our roles wisely or foolishly, consciously or
unconsciously. Some of us get wiser to new levels of self-awareness enough to redefine our roles. Others
make no effort to build further capacity and therefore remain where they are.
It is based on these realities that we draw the conclusion that not everyone will be wealthy in life. We lead,
inspire and motivate people to strive and succeed. It is also important that we paint the full and true picture
of life so that we an discourage vain pursuits. Balance must be enthroned as a critical component of truth, and
people know, for instance that ‘top ‘is not a place that all must ascent.
Our greatest consolation lies in our deep conviction that true prosperity is in fulfilment through hard work
that in intangible acquisitions. There are set roles that some of us have been wired up to paying life but which
we are not content enough to pay because society esteems such roles to be inferior. Take the almost sacred
office of a teacher for instance, there are people who have the natural gifts and inclinations to be school
teachers. But the teaching profession, as it is, does not appear to be lucrative. So we have people who would
have been fulfilled and effective working as school teachers serving in banks.
11. According to the writer, people lead and motivate others because they want to
A. project individual contribution
B. encourage selfless service
C. make the world a home
D. prevent empty search

12. According to the passage, balance must be enthroned because it is

A. a critical interdependent function
B. an amazing help for conscience
C. a critical part of fidelity
D. a serious way of ensuring success

13. The word inclinations, as used in the passage, means

A. creeds
B. tendencies
C. inhibitions
D. power

14. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Greatness in life emerges when square pegs are put in round holes
B. People do certain things in life because they know the repercussion
C. People agree on all issues and behave the same way for the same reason
D. Understanding life at different levels gives no account of visible acquisition

15. From the passage, it can be inferred that

A. people insincerely discuss facts that govern their behavior
B. all managerial decisions are based on assumptions
C. people make conscious efforts to acquire hidden knowledge
D. all things in life exist on some beliefs

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. Each question carries 2 marks.

Believe it or not, change is to human existence what the blood is to the human body. We live in era of
amazing …. 16…. [A. well-defined B. fast-paced C. favourable D. social] change spawned by advancing
technology and industrialization. However, man’s …17…. [A. knowledge of B. attitude to C. commitment to
D. opinion of] promoting and defending change in a deliberate effort to establish…18… [A. customs B.
companies C. trade-zones D. variations] that stimulate advancement for man’s concern is proving
unfavorable to the climate with threatening ...19… [A. repercussions B. clouds C. pressure D. implication].
Human-induced climate change has awakened widespread concern across the globe. As a matter of fact,
climate change is now 20 [A. an acceptable B. a foremost C. the only D. the last] global issue. It is a major
test of Africa’s ….21…. [A. popularity B. energy C. ingenuity D. incapability] ! the fourth Assessment Report
{AR4} of the intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) confirmed that human actions are changing
the earth’s climate and creating maker disturbances in human ….22…[A. geography B. societies C. systems D
life] and ecosystems. The IPCC reports that the world has warned by an average of 0.76 oC since pre-
industrial times. The rising global …23…. [A. command B. demand C. warming D. supply] for energy and the
adverse changes in the climate put the earth and its inhabitants in a catch -22 situation.
Again, if the effects of climate change on each were commensurate with the level of greenhouse …24 …. [A.
structure B. paints C. emulsion D. emissions] in spews out, perhaps Africa would have been spared and
would probably be just an amused spectator. But it is, this is not the case. Here again, we see well-meaning
global citizens appealing for the rest of the world to take responsibility for the problems of Africa, a
strategy that cannot, thus far, termed ….25…. [A. notable B. liable C. credible D. flexible]
Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. If he were here, could be more fun?

A. He was expected but did not show up to make the occasion lively
B. There was no fun because he was not present
C. He did not show up so the occasion lacked much fun
D. He was being expected to supply more fun

27. The secretary said that the postponement of the meeting was due to unforeseen circumstances?
A. The date of the meeting was shifted as a result of unexpected reasons
B. The meeting's date was off for strange reasons
C. The meeting was called as a result of obstacles hitherto unknown
D. The meeting broke off as a bird's eye closely

28. The hunter has a bird's eye view of the animals.

A. He views animals from a high position
B. He views the bird's eye
C. He views the bird on the tree with one eye
D. He watches animals and bird's closely

29. Even though Susan was the last in the examination, her result wasn't too different from what had been
expected.
A. Her result was poor
B. Her result was a disappointment
C. Her result was as expected
D. She had not been serious with her studies

30. Mrs. Adamu does all her work with more haste, less speed.
A. She accept whatever she does with more haste and speed
B. She approaches whatever she does hurriedly
C. She addresses everything she does very quickly to avoid mistakes
D. She does everything carefully to avoid mistakes

31. She stopped her education as her uncle left her in the lurch?
A. Her uncle deceived her
B. Her uncle disinherited her
C. Her uncle refused to help her
D. Her uncle disrespected her

32. The plan to upgrade the dispensary to a general hospital did not materialized?
A. The plan did not meet the required specifications
B. The arrangement did not work out as wished
C. It was difficult to obtain the materials
D. The materials purchased were not the right ones

33. Okon's company took a hit last year?

A. His company improved last year
B. His company made a huge success last year
C. His company was badly damaged last year
D. His company was established last year

34. My eldest son who is in Lagos is studying English

A. Only my son is in Lagos studying English
B. My only son is in Lagos studying English
C. one of my son is in Lagos studying English
D. my sons are Lagos but one is studying English

35. If I went to the village I would visit the king

A. if I go to the village I would visit the king
B. I did not go to the village and I did not visit the king
C. All the times I went to the village I also visited the king
D. I will visit the king when I go to the village

Choose the word that is opposite in meaning to the underlined word.

36. The warring communities were coerced into negotiating a settlement?

A. driven
B. compelled
C. persuaded
D. pressured

37. His father served as a mercenary in the army?

A. preacher
B. regular
C. recruit
D. officer

38. Jummai is cruel to her husband?

A. harsh
B. brutal
C. passionate
D. ferocious

39. The teacher who beat the student was treated with mercy?
A. disrespect
B. contempt
C. vengeance
D. kindness

40. His wife hates his garrulous attitude?

A. outspoken
B. unfriendly
C. reticent
D. thoughtful

41. 'Agoshito is a callow youth', said the teacher?

A. an ignorant
B. an experienced
C. an idle
D. an organized

42. What you are asking me to do is herculean task?

A. a strenuous
B. a demanding
C. a lovely
D. an easy

43. Nkechi was a novice when she was first employed?

A. manager
B. clerk
C. supervisor
D. professional

44. 'I do not trust him', he said, in a rare moment of candor?

A. reproach
B. dishonesty
C. frankness
D. fairness

45. Mrs. Akunilo looks anemic today?

A. strange
B. sick
C. weak
D. strong

46. It is inconceivable that the son shone in the night?

A. credible
B. unthinkable
C. impossible
D. contestable
47. She only gives a superficial impression of warmth and friendliness?
A. a strong
B. a fake
C. deep
D. an unrealistic

48. As a prudent businessman, Adeyi does not leave anything to chance.

A. frugal
B. shrewd
C. careless
D. unsuccessful

49. His antipathy affected the growth of is business?

A. hatred
B. receptiveness
C. loyalty
D. hostility

50. Okonkwo's lethal right foot the magic in the football match?
A. weak
B. wicked
C. fat
D. harmless

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s).

51. Since its inception 1983, the newspaper has attracted thousands of readers?
A. renaissance
B. coming
C. commencement
D. publication

52. Mrs. Asio wanted her sister to stop being so detached?

A. friendly
B. careless
C. indifferent
D. passionate

53. Lantana dwelt in a ruined cottage on the hillside?

A. sat
B. worked
C. slept
D. lived

54. The mistake brought the show to an ignominious end?

A. a good
B. a palatable
C. a disgraceful
D. a satisfactory

55. He compliments me on my way of doing things?

A. complements
B. imitates
C. disgusts
D. praises

56. The girl is angry with her friend who had ensnared her into this relationship?
A. tricked
B. encourage
C. forced
D. enslaved

57. Their new house was roofed with corrugated sheets?

A. folded
B. iron
C. aluminum
D. corrupted

58. The stockbroker said it was an astute move to sell the shares then?
A. a bad
B. a shrewd
C. an unprofitable
D. an insincere

59. The principal described Oche as the most tactful person he had ever worked with?
A. passionate
B. discreet
C. hard-working
D. innovative

60. The old woman is suffering from dementia?

A. lucidity
B. senility
C. insanity
D. sagaccity
61. Some drugs have a deleterious effect on a child's development?
A. debilitating
B. helpful
C. harmful
D. healing

62. Fila has always been described as belligerent?

A. beautiful
B. attractive
C. combative
D. innocent

63. Laraba saw a forlorn little figure sitting outside the class?
A. wise and intelligent
B. lonely and unhappy
C. smart and healthy
D. short and ugly

64. The circular supersedes all previous correspondence on the matter?

A. supports
B. displaces
C. eliminates
D. circumvents

65. Her problem was exacerbated by the loss of her father?

A. exaggerated
B. solved
C. aggravated
D. infuriated

Choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

66. When his car tyre ......... on the way, he did not know what to do.
A. has burst
B. had burst
C. bursted
D. burst

67. Lami's father ........ as a gardener when he was young, but now he is a driver.
A. had been working
B. use to work
C. has worked
D. used to work
68. ........ he switches on the light, the shadow disappears?
A. Whenever
B. Expect
C. Since
D. Until

69. The policemen became suspicious as the hoodlums ......in their office?
A. ferreted
B. ferretted
C. ferreted about
D. ferretted about

70. It is important that you clear the refuse in front of your house every ........?
A. fourtnight
B. firtnight
C. fourthninght
D. fortnight

71. Suara needn't come with us, .......?

A. does she
B. will she
C. can she
D. need she

72. Unoka .... the whole house to finds his missing wristwatch?
A. scourged
B. scoured
C. scored
D. scouted

73. Ife asked me ....... ?

A. what time it was
B. what is it by my time
C. what time is it
D. what time it is

74. There are many ways to kill a rat, so we should be..... in our approach to the task ahead of us?
A. ecletic
B. eclectic
C. eclektic
D. eclectik
75. Audu took these actions purely ...... his own career?
A. on furtherance of
B. in furtherance of
C. to furtherance in
D. in furtherance with

76. Here is Mr. Odumusu who teaches English ....... in our school?
A. pronuntiation
B. pronounciation
C. pronunciation
D. pronountiation

77. Instead of ......., she lied?

A. pleading
B. her to plead
C. her pleading
D. plead

78. Of the three girls, Uka is the ........?

A. so much notorious
B. notorious
C. naughty
D. naughtiest

79. I wonder how he will ......being absent from school for a long time.
A. make in
B. make up
C. make off
D. make out

80. Please sit on the ....... ?

A. carier
B. career
C. carrier
D. carrear

81. I want to .......this chance to acquaint you the latest development?

A. size
B. seize
C. sieze
D. cease

82. Getting a well paid job nowadays is an ...... task?

A. utmost
B. upbeat
C. uphill
D. upfield

83. The secretary has no right to ....... my affairs?

A. spy from
B. meddle in
C. toy at
D. complain into

84. Bola studiously avoided ....... the questions?

A. parrying
B. answering
C. projecting
D. destroying

85. The school authority dismissed him for ...... but I won't tell you about it yet?
A. certain reason
B. a reason
C. more reason
D. a certain reason

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the underlined letter(s).

86. Bubble?
A. guy
B. bull
C. bumper
D. gurgle

87. Weight?
A. whale
B. white
C. whet
D. writhe

88. leach?
A. gear
B. cedar
C. cheer
D. death
Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the underlined letter(s).

89. Mention?
A. that
B. machine
C. church
D. test

90. Prestige?
A. bag
B. badge
C. reggae
D. leisure

91. Knot?
A. cot
B. keep
C. nom
D. king

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word.

92. Fuel?
A. cruel
B. fool
C. rule
D. field

93. Match?
A. harsh
B. batch
C. such
D. watch

94. Sheer?
A. sheila
B. care
C. ear
D. sherry
Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The syllables are written in capital letters.

95. termination?
A. terminaTION
B. TERmination
C. termiNAtion
D. terMInation

96. meditative?
A. meDItative
B. mediTAtive
C. MEditative
D. meditaTIVE

97. suggestible?
A. suggeSTIble
B. SUggestible
C. suGGEstible
D. suggestiBLE

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

98. Uche LOVES Toyota cars?

A. Who loves Toyota cars?
B. What brand of car Uche love?
C. Does Uche hate Toyota cars?
D. Does Uche love bicycle?

99. The POLICE arrested the suspect.

A. Did the police placate the suspect?
B. Who arrested the suspect?
C. Who did the police arrest?
D. Did the police arrest the suspect?

100. Maiduguri is the CAPITAL of Borno State.

A. Is Maiduguri the capital of Plateau State?
B. Which State is Maiduguri the capital of?
C. Is Maiduguri a town in Borno State?
D. What is the capital Borno State?
USE OF ENGLISH 2012 TYPE YELLOW

PASSAGE I
Religion in its various forms is very strong in Nigeria. In other words, Nigerian people are very religious most of
them believe that there is an unseen supernatural world, apart from the natural world we see around us. This
other world is inhabited by beings who are the source of our knowledge of good and evil. They watch and
judge us, and if we offend them they may have to be appeased with prayers and sacrifices. Certain individuals
in the natural in the natural world-priests, prophets and diviners- are believed to be endowed with special
powers to make contact with the other world. These individuals lay down ceremonies or rituals which must be
observed if due honour is to be paid to the unseen beings. The religious belief and practices of Nigerians can
be classified under three main headings: Traditional religion, Islam and Christianity. In this passage, our focus
is on traditional religion.
Traditional or indigenous religion continues to exert a strong influence on many people's mind partly because
of its association with their birth places and families. Each ethnic group has its own religious traditional and
these are often linked to some sacred spots in the ethnic homeland. Yet the various traditional religions have
much in common: a remote but benevolent high god; under him, a number of lesser gods who interact with
mankind; and below them various spirits who inhabit natural objects (trees, streams, rock, etc); below them
again, and closest to living men and women, the spirits of the ancestors.
In the Yoruba tradition, for example, there are more than 400 lesser deities presided over by the high god,
olorun. Because he is remote from mankind, shrines are not built to him and worship is not offered to him
directly. The lesser gods, on the other hand, are the subject of special cults, each with its own priests and
devotees. Eshu, the messenger of the gods; lfa, the god of divination; Shango, the god of thunder, and so on.
Traditional religion was also strong in other parts of Nigeria. In lgbo Traditional religion, there were fewer
gods. Although there was a remote high god, the most important figure was Ala or Ani, the goddess of the
earth. In Hausaland, traditional religion has largely gone underground owing to the influence of lslam, but
belief in the existence of 'Bori' spirits and their power to possess people, especially woman, is strong in some
areas. Each spirit is associated with certain type of behaviou, which is manifested by the possessed individual
Divination - the discovery of what is unknown or is yet to happen by supernatural or magical means - is an
important element of traditional religion. It is often one of the functions of medicine - men or herbalists. In
lgboland, there also used to be several oracles which people consulted in order to seek solutions to their
problems. With the coming of Christianity, their influence has however waned, but in areas like Arochukwu
and Okija, the influence of such oracles is still strongly felt.

1. which question paper type of use of English as in dictated above is given to you?
A. type green
B. type purple
C. type red
D. type yellow

2. According to the first paragraph, Nigerians believe that the

A. supernatural and natural work co-exist
B. natural and supernatural worlds antagonistic
C. supernatural world control natural world
D. supernatural world exploits the natural world

3. Traditional religion has waned in Nigerian to the

A. influence of lslam over border
B. influence of Christianity over location
C. influence of non- traditional religious
D. decline of interest in traditional religions
4. Which factor is common to religions as mentioned in the passage
A. prayer only
B. divination
C. sac
D. ritual

5. Which factor is common to all traditional religions as mentioned in the passage

A. prayer only
B. divination
C. sacrifice
D. ritual

PASSAGE II
Recent literary researches reveal that Nigerians hardly have time to read . In essence, the reading culture in
Nigeria is now at a low ebb. It is disturbing, however, that few Nigerians that read concentrate more on
foreign books than indigenous productions. Most Nigerian authors of novels,storybooks, fictions and non-
fiction series have decried, on different, occasions, their woes. The were bitter at the way most owners of
bookshops and publishers treat them. It was gathered to stock foreign books. when contacted by DAILY
INDEPENDENT, the general manager of a popular bookstore on Lagos lsland declared that most of the
bookshops preferred to stock foreign books because of higher demands for them. The question that bothers
most Nigerian authors is , while their overseas counterparts are being rewarded with great international
honours, why are Nigerians not according them such recognition in their own country?

Recently, "Nigerian novelist, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, won the 2007 Orange Prize Award, the literary
world's top award for fiction in English written by women. The award carries a prize tag of $30,000 it was
reported in Publishers Weekly, Half of a Yellow Sun, the book that earned her the award, was profoundly
gripping. According to the reviewer, the book is a transcendent novel of many descriptive triumphs, most
notably its diction of the impact of war brutalities on peasants and intellectuals alike. It is searing history in
fictional form, intensely evocative and immensely absorbing. Chinua Achebe, 'Father of Modern African
Literature, also won the second ever Man Booker International Prize of £60,000 with his first novel Things Fall
Apart, published in 1958. When Professor Wole Syinka won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1986, the fame
confirmed the relevance of Nigerians in the world of classical excellence. Ben Okri won the 1991 Booker Prize
with his work, The Famished Road, and the world celebrated Nigeria as the giant of Africa.

It was also , gathered that most of the publishers hurriedly produce books and in the process marred their
good contents. Most of the books are not properly edited and eventually become substandard when
compared with foreign products. The extent to which book publishing standard has fallen in Nigeria alarming.
Often Nigerian publishers have been blamed for this. It is instructive that none of the books mentioned had
been published in Nigeria. It was discovered that most students in tertiary institution depend on dictations
from their lectures and /or handouts. A science lecturer in one of the Nigeria universities, who had been a
victim of handout sales scandal, told DAILY INDEPENDENT the reality of campus challenges in relation to
books; I was forced to dictate notes slowly to students who hung on my every word in the absence of
textbooks in a library that had, to all intent and purpose, stopped buying new books when the local currency
was devalued. But what other alternative does one have?

6. It can be inferred from the passage that

A. Nigerians have access to foreign books only
B. Nigerian undergraduates do not read text books
C. Nigerians read foreign and indigenous books alike
D. Nigerians read mostly foreign books

7. The reason for lack of indigenous books in most renowned bookshop, according to the passage, is
A. Nigerians prefer reading foreign books
B. foreign books attract more buyers
C. indigenous books are sometimes not available
D. the low quality of indigenous books

8. The expression.....''that earned her the award is profoundly gripping'', as used in the passage, means that
the book is
A. highly interesting and captures attention
B. is of high quality to the writer
C. attracts many indigenous and foreign readers
D. is widely acknowledged by many authors

9. The university science lecturer gives his reason for issuing handout as
A. lack of teaching aids among students
B. low purchasing power
C. low quality of books
D. lack of sufficient time

10. A suitable title for this passage is

A. Nigerian Literary Writers
B. Nigerian Publishers and International Awards
C. Poor Reading Culture in Nigeria
D. Why Nigeran Lecturers Sell Handouts

PASSAGE III

It is said that experience is the best teacher, but to learn consciously through wisdom may even be a better
and more convenient way. T learn by experience is to learn from mistakes. It means you have burnt our
fingers and now your eyes are open'. This is a tough, costly and inconvenient way to learn. Rather than leaving
our learning to experience, why do we not learn consciously going out way to acquire knowledge and wisdom
rather than leave our learning to chance.
Surely, we can learn from mistakes but why wait till when we make mistakes before we lean? We should give
more premium to learning by wisdom than by experience.

This will involve one making up ones mind to be decisive in learning. We must decide to learn consciously and
not necessarily from negative experiences. The first step is to realize that life is simply the outcome and
outplay of decisions. Our life now is the sum total of our decisions and our future will be determined by our
decisions. Our life now is the sum total of our decisions and our future will be determined by our decisions of
today. If we decide to learn today we are not likely to make mistakes and when we do not make mistakes,
experience need not be our best teacher.

To avoid making experience our best teacher will take more than a decision. We must couple our decision
with a complete and -wholehearted devotion. We must be resolved, resolute and resilient in our bid to learn
by wisdom and not necessarily by experience. This is crucial because situations and circumstances will want us
to make a detour and leave our learning and life to chance. We must therefore be disciplined to remain with
our resolve to make a clean break with experience as our best teacher. Disciplined in this regard means
learning something new everyday by wisdom rather than rather than experience. It
means consciously getting better by the day in your chosen field. Discipline will demand taking advantage of
every learning opportunity that comes our way. It will mean we must pay the price for learning by wisdom -
invest in books, magazines, seminars and other means by which we may become wiser.

It is much easier and cheaper to learn consciously by wisdom than to learn by experience. When we learn by
experience , the deed is done and we are just picking up the pieces-learning in regret how to avoid such
predicament next time. Consider the child who grapes a burning coal, he has learned the hard way through
the painful experience, but his fingers will remain burnt. Thus the saying, that experience is the best teacher,
may not be justifiable after all.

Adapted from Sunday Tribune , July 2007

11. The attitude of the writer of the passage can best be described as
A. objective
B. critical
C. non-committal
D. emotional

12. It can be deduced from the passage that

A. all experiences are best teachers
B. learning through pains is better
C. experience is superior to wisdom
D. wise thoughts are more desirable than experience

13. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. man must make mistakes in order to survive.
B. the totality of our actions should be decided by our judgement.
C. if we do not make mistakes, experience must be our teacher
D. our future would be judged by our past mistakes

14. According to the passage, we must be disciplined to

A. make experience our best teacher in reality
B. learn from our experiences in future
C. choose the learning opportunity that comes our way
D. decide against making experience our teacher

15. The phrase a complete and wholehearted devotion, as used in the passage, means
A. acting without doubts
B. learning with tension
C. learning without pains
D. teaching with ease

PASSAGE IV
The medical definition of miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before twenty-four weeks.
Miscarriage is very common, occurring in ten to twenty per cent, of confirmed pregnancies. Most of those
feature ....16... twelve weeks of pregnancy. The most common ....17... is vaginal bleeding, which can range
from light spotting to heavier than a period. You may see blood clots, brown discharge or other tissues that
are not....18.... identifiable. Sometimes a sac-like structure is seen. Often, there is cramping with pelvic or back
pain. You may find that the usual symptoms of pregnancy, such as breast tenderness, feeling sick and having
to pass urine more....19... than usual stop unexpectedly. Sometimes there are no signs or symptoms of
miscarriage and pregnancy symptoms continue, and the miscarriage only ......20..... in a routine scan . About
half all early miscarriages happen because of a problem in the way the genetic material from the egg and
sperm have combined during......21.... it can be difficult to find out why this has ....22...., but it is more likely to
be due to random chance than to any underlying problem with either parent. Imbalances in pregnancy
hormones, problems in the immune...23....,and some serious infections are also thought to make miscarriages
more likely. The risk of miscarriage......24..... with age because the quality of eggs deteriorates . If a woman
drinks too much alcohol or smokes heavily, the risk of miscarriage is higher. It is also increased with ....25...
pregnancies such as twins.

Answer the following question below and select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence.

26. Hardworking students must not have a finger in every pie at school.
A. Hardworking students must not have a role to play in most activities in the school
B. Only hardworking students must participate in all activities in the school
C. Hardworking students do not participate in all activities in the school
D. Hardworking students must ask others to participate in school activities

27. The vice chancellor is riding the crest of the last quarter of his administration.
A. The vice chancellor enjoys the acknowledgment of the success of his administration
B. the vice chancellor does not enjoy the people's criticism of his administration
C. the vice chancellor hopes to overcome soon the poor comments on the administration
D. the vice chancellor does not talk of his success in office

28. She was absolved by the court from the charge.

A. she was convicted for the charge
B. she was blamed and charged to court
C. her case was resolved by the court
D. she was declared free from the charge

29. The landlord is fond of throwing his weight about

A. the landlord likes healthy exercise
B. the landlord is overweight
C. the landlord gives orders to people
D. the landlord is respected by his tenants

30. The company ought to have issued warrants for one billion shares
A. the company has issued one billion share
B. the management expected the company to issue more than one billion shares
C. members of the company bought less than one billion shares
D. the company did not issue one billion shares

31. He needed not to have played in the position of quarterback in volley ball.
A. He participated in the game in his unusual position
B. Nobody expected him to have participated in the game
C. He wanted to play in a position other than the one he was offered
D. Someone did not want him to play in the position that he played

32. I wouldn't have responded to his rude talk, if l were you

A. the advice was taken by the respondent so he did not respond to the talk
B. the adviser put himself in the respondent's position, so he did not respond to the talk
C. the respondent replied to the speaker's talk, although he ought not have done so
D. what was advisable was that the respondent gave it back to the speaker

33. He could not speak out because he had a feet of clay.

A. His feet was muddy
B. He was weak and cowardly
C. He was clumsy and lazy
D. He was shy and timid

34. The player wasted a golden opportunity during the penalty shoot-out
A. The player first hit the bar
B. The player did not score the shot
C. The player scored the shot that made them win the gold cup
D. instead of a silver cup, they received the golden one

35. As far as Abu is concerned , Mero should be given fifty naira at the most
A. All Abu is concerned with is that Mero should be given nothing more than fifty naira
B. All Abu is saying is that Mero probably deserves more than fifty naira and not less
C. In Abu's estimation, Mero merits not more than fifty naira
D. In Abu's opinion, Mero deserves fifty naira or probably more

Answer the following question below and choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word or
phrase in.

36. As an idiot, the boy is weak in class

A. a deviant
B. an expert
C. a dunce
D. a genius

37. We were shocked by the news that he had lost the money.
A. astonished
B. unconcerned
C. disconcerted
D. surprised
38. The principal was advised to be flexible on critical issues.
A. livid
B. cautious
C. evasive
D. rigid

39. Bola always looks sober

A. excited
B. serious
C. worried
D. hapless

40. Dupe was promoted for her efficiency

A. ability
B. inconsistency
C. incompetence
D. rudness

41. The management wants to consider her reticent behaviour in due course.
A. disapproving
B. disciplinarian
C. contemplative
D. loquacious

42. Election processes often become volatile

A. calm
B. strange
C. sudden
D. latent

43. Oche entered the principal's office in a rather abrasive manner.

A. gentle
B. rude
C. lackadaisical
D. indifferent

44. Otokpa is a member of the ad hoc committee on stock acquisition.

A. improvised
B. formal
C. temporary
D. fact-finding

45. His gift to the poor was always infinitesimal

A. large
B. small
C. supportive
D. shameful

46. The economist concluded that several factors have been adduced to explain the fall in the birth rate.
A. affirmed
B. diffused
C. mentioned
D. refuted

47. The presidential system is an antidote to some political ailments.

A. an answer
B. an inquiry
C. a reply
D. an obstacle

48. Ola thought that her father was very callous

A. parlous
B. wicked
C. compassionate
D. cheerful

49. He was very much respected, though he had no temporal power

A. spiritual
B. mundane
C. permanent
D. ephemeral

50. The way the workshop was organized was rather hit-and-miss
A. systematic
B. hasty
C. slow
D. funny

Answer the following question below and choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word or
phrase in.

51. Some men will continue to cause offences until they are given a taste of their own medicine
A. placated
B. revenged on
C. recompense for
D. cured
52. Okibe was rusticated for his derogatory remark about the principal
A. complimentary
B. unsavoury
C. unwarranted
D. lack lustre

53. Justice is difficult to enforce because people are unwilling to accept any loss sovereignty
A. autonomy
B. position
C. leadership
D. kingdom

54. There are still virtuous women in our society today

A. clever
B. upright
C. devilsh
D. intelligent

55. That type of response is typical of a lazy teacher

A. symptomatic
B. characteristic
C. universal
D. incontestable

56. Akin is an inveterate gambler

A. a selfish and self-centred
B. an extremely unlucky but popular
C. an incurable but fearful
D. a long time incorrigible
.
57. He was too petrified to give the closing remarks at the conference.
A. frightened
B. agitated
C. delighted
D. happy

58. During a particular time of the day, the road shimmers in the heat
A. darkens
B. lightens
C. shines
D. beams

59. Every human being is vulnerable to communicable diseases.

A. liable
B. lifted
C. immune
D. close

60. Mariam looks rather furtive to Shehu

A. intoxicated
B. unfriendly
C. sad
D. sly

61. The student's union leader delivered his speech extempore

A. out-of -hand
B. off the cuff
C. accurately
D. courageously

62. His story gave us an inkling of what he passed through during the strike
A. a possible idea
B. a taste
C. a summary
D. the right view

63. These policies have been espoused by the ruling party.

A. condemned
B. rejected
C. supported
D. outlined

64. We must not foreclose reconciliation as the purpose of his trip

A. exclude
B. consider
C. underestimate
D. forgo

65. Her findings exploded widely held beliefs about learning.

A. challenged
B. debunked
C. projected
D. confirmed

Answer the following question below and choose the option that best completes the gap(s)
66. He was both a writer and a politician, but he was better...... a singer
A. as if
B. like
C. as
D. to be

67. Vacancies in the company will be notified by...........

A. bulletin
B. publication
C. publicity
D. advertisement

68. He started his career as an..........teacher

A. auxilliary
B. auxiluryy
C. auxillary
D. auxiliary

69. The driver was short of petrol, so he..........down the hills with the engine switched off
A. glided
B. coasted
C. wheeled
D. taxied

70. His many years of success in legal practice,....didn't come without challenges
A. indeed
B. but
C. in spite of it all
D. however

71. One should be careful how......behaves in public, shouldn't.......

A. one/one
B. he/lie
C. she/one
D. one/he

72. ...........a good leader must have two characteristics

A. first and formost
B. first and formust
C. first and farmost
D. first and foremost

73. We visited his house...........three times

A. about
B. for about
C. like
D. for like

74. She was............the verge of tears

A. at
B. on
C. by
D. with

75. Everyone makes mistakes occasionally, nobody is.........

A. incorrigible
B. imperfect
C. infallible
D. indestructible

76. The woman would not part with her..........pot

A. dicarded earthen black
B. discarded black earthen
C. earthen discarded black
D. black earthen discarded

77. We stood up when the principal came in..........?

A. isn't it
B. didn't we
C. not so
D. did us

78. This professor of...........medicine has......... the mystery of bird flu.

A. vetinary/unraveled
B. vertrinary/unravelled
C. veterinaty/unravelved
D. veterinary/unraveled

79. Her mother brought her some.......

A. clothes
B. yards
C. cloth
D. clothing

80. Many workers were............ as a result of the textile closure

A. laid down
B. laid off
C. laid out
D. laid up

81. The driver died in the .......... road accident

A. fatal
B. brutal
C. serious
D. pathetic

82. …… your parents frown ….. our friendship, we shouldn't see each other anymore
A. because/over
B. since/at
C. although/at
D. as/upon

83. For more productivity, the company is focusing attention on the possible...........of available resources.
A. synergy
B. tapping
C. alignment
D. arrangement

84. ...........she didn't trust him, she married him.

A. after
B. much as
C. since
D. though

85. I wanted to know his political beliefs, so l asked him what........

A. this was
B. these are
C. this is
D. they were

Answer the following question below and choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one
represented by the letter (s) underlined.

86. book
A. cool
B. cook
C. fool
D. tool

87. village
A. page
B. pig
C. made
D. came

88. patch
A. starch
B. fare
C. mad
D. came

Answer the following question below and choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one
represented by the letter (s) underlined.

89. tangerine
A. gear
B. danger
C. girl
D. ignore

90. hair
A. heir
B. hour
C. honest
D. house

91. edition
A. bash
B. catch
C. bastion
D. rating

Answer the following question below and choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The
syllables are underlined in capital letters.

92. demarcation
A. demarCAtion
B. DEmarcation
C. deMARcation
D. demarcaTION

93. impossible
A. imPOSsible
B. IMpossible
C. imposSIBLE
D. impossiBLE

94. imperialism
A. IMperialism
B. imPErialism
C. impeRIAlism
D. imperialiSM

Answer the following question below and choose the option that has the stress on the first syllable
95.
A. madam
B. eighteen
C. invent
D. command

96.
A. nineteen
B. mother
C. estate
D. announce

97.
A. commute
B. import (verb)
C. intend
D. export (noun)

Answer the following question below , the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the
option to which the given sentence relates.

98. The traditional chief NARRATED the story to the children

A. the children heard the story from the traditional chief
B. who narrated the story to the children?
C. the children could not listen to the story by the traditional chief
D. did the chief hide the story from the children?

99. The ACCOUNTANT paid the workers' July salary in September.

A. when were the workers paid?
B. did the cashier pay the workers' salary in September
C. workers received their July salary in September
D. the September salary was paid in July?

100. The cat DEVOURED the rat

A. did the rat devour the cat?
B. what devoured the rat?
C. did the cat eat the rat?
D. Is this the rat that the cat devoured?

USE OF ENGLISH 2013 TYPE I

PASSAGE I
In 1951, the Government decided to start a Pottery Training Centre where new and more advantaged
technical methods, especially glazing, could be taught. The centre was intended to serve the whole of the
defunct Northern Region, and there were several reasons for choosing Abuja . The first was the excellence of
the traditional pottery made in the Emirate. Secondly, firewood is plentiful; this is a most important
consideration, because in the making of glazed pottery, more firewood than clay is required. Thirdly, there are
good clays, and good local sources for the raw materials needed for the glazes. Fourthly, water, which is
another important raw material, is plentiful. Finally, Abuja is in a central position for the whole region and is a
town where learners from many different parts can find a congenial temporary home, and where the Emir
and his Council are actively interested in the project.

Nearly all the making is done by a process called throwing;, so called because the lumps of clay are thrown the
potter onto a wheel-head. They are weigh out so that each pot will be roughly the same size; for example, for
making pint-sized jugs, the lumps of clay will be one and a half kilogrammes. The potter sits on the saddle of
the wheel and spins it by pushing a pedal with his left foot. He has a bowl of water, a loofah, a bamboo knife,
a pointed stick or porcupine quill, a wooden-smoothing tool which potters call a rib, and a piece of wire-like
object that is used for wedging. He makes the wheel-heal slightly damp, and throws the lumps into the
middle. The first work is to force the lump to the centre, then he presses his thumb into the middle of the
lump, using water to keep it slippery. When the bottom is of the right thickness, he begins to draw up the
walls until they are of the right height. Then he shapes the belly and shoulder of the pot. He trims off any
waste clay. In this way, a small and medium-sized pot can be made quickly and accurately.

Adapted from Robert, J.M.E and Smith, L.E.M (1978) Testing English language, AUP

1. which question paper type of use of English is given to you?

A. type D
B. type I
C. type B
D. type U

2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. pots can be made quickly and correctly
B. A pot thrown on a wheel is less likely to break
C. the potter does not have to work hard if he uses the wheel
D. anyone, with almost no training can run pots on a wheel

7
3. From the passage, how does a potter make several pots of almost identical size?
A. by weighing the lumps of clay
B. By having the right tools
C. By knowing what to do from experience
D. By having the knowledge of different pots

8
4. The phrase trims off any waste clay to the passage, means to
A. force the clay to the different colours
B. cut the clay
C. there are different colour in the clay
D. cut away unnecessary parts

9
5. The words congenial, as used in the passage, means
A. precise
B. similar
C. nice
D. congested
PASSAGE II
6. which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. music can entrance evaluation performance
B. all listeners are music makers
C. all artist are objective in their feelings
D. music influences feelings at different levels

7. The expression....stage and hall, as used in the passage, means the

A. artist and the audience
B. producer and the director
C. Director and audience
D. artiste and his music

8. From the passage, it can be deduced that music is

A. better appreciated in a crowd
B. better appreciate when we are happy
C. better appreciated by professional critics
D. appreciated as the environment dictates

9. According to the writer, live performance provide a special excitement because they are
A. interactive
B. error-free and original
C. educative
D. stage-managed

10. According to the passage, music plays a vital role in human society because
A. it is easy to appreciate music
B. stage performance is the most popular music opportunity
C. everybody can listen to music through the CD, MP3 and DVD
D. music provides enjoyment and relief

PASSAGE III

Whatever may be its wider implications, the explosion of hydrogen bomb is, for the meteorologist, simply
another atmospheric disturbance. It should therefore be classed with certain rare natural.....such as volcanic
....12... But there are certain features of a man-made disturbance that requires special examination. As with
all events on this ....13...It is impossible to describe what happens in details. However we can be reasonably
sure of the main effects, and most impressive of these arises from ....14...The immediate result of the
....15....is that the air surrounding the bomb is raised very rapidly to an enormously high.....16....The hot gases
expand violently as great........17.....compressing the air around them into what is called .....18......or blast
wave that is responsible for much of terrible destructive power of the weapon.

Another kind of wave arises because of the weight of the air. The force of the explosion lifts the ....19...
around the bomb. The gravity waves can also resemble the ordinary …..20….. Waves of this type are normally
felt by human beings and they have their effect on the weather.

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 11

A. Occurrences
B. Resources
C. Laws
D. Programmes

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 12

A. exhaustion
B. eruption
C. expulsion
D. insurrection

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 13

A. skate
B. snow
C. scale
D. scanner

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 14

A. pressure volume
B. pressure air
C. pressure gauge
D. pressure waves

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 15

A. commotion
B. detonation
C. distortion
D. reduction

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 16

A. temperature
B. class
C. profile
D. way

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 17

A. fireballs
B. fireworks
C. fire smokes
D. firearms
Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 18
A. shocktherapy
B. shockwaves
C. shocktroops
D. hockjocks

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 19

A. atmosphere
B. space
C. height
D. form

Choose the most appropriate answer in the numbered 20

A. lake
B. ocean
C. river
D. stream

This question is based on Chukwuemeka Ike's The Potter's Wheel.

21. In their preparation for the masquerade, David and others agreed to exercise extra caution in their
dealings with Samuel because he would
A. Try his tricks on the to know their secrets
B. prepare well ahead of them
C. put them to shame
D. force them to dance with the masquerade

22. In the novel, Nwomiko was famous for her

A. spiritual powers
B. political struggles
C. lack of spiritual powers
D. lack of fighting spirit
23. with remarkable agility, he mounted The Fallen Goliath and went on to stuff his mouth with earth
Who was the Fallen Goliath in the except above?
A. Cromwell
B. David
C. Polycarp
D. Samuel

24. If you have not behold your chi in his stark nakedness, be prepared to do so as soon as you set foot in that
man's house. Form the except above, whose house we being referred to ?
A. Teacher Zaccheus
B. Mazi Okeke
C. Mazi Laza
D. Mazi Nwokike

25. In the novel , the people of Umuchkuwu likened Samuel to

A. An ancestral spirit
B. A chief priest
C. A fisherman
D. A swimmer

26. Obu dashed out of the school building because

A. His teacher wanted to flog him
B. He came top of standard 1,
C. His teacher sent him on an errand
D. He was given a prize by the headmaster

27. In the novel, Bright lived with Teacher because

A. He was Teacher's nephew
B. His father was indebted to Teacher
C. He wanted to become a teacher
D. His father had gone on a long journey

28. According to the novel, Obu was good at

A. Proverbs
B. Cricket
C. Games
D. Jokes

29. Uke was conscripted into the military because

A. He was a social nuisance
B. He loved the British soldiers
C. His grandfather was a military man
D. He wanted to travel to Burma
E. He wanted to travel to

30. In the novel the 'pad' was a symbol of

A. Success
B. Unity
C. Failure
D. Love

This questions are base on Jerry Agada's The successes

31. It can be inferred from the novel that Mr. Eze was Terkura Atsen's
A. Uncle
B. Role Model
C. Boss
D. Business partner

32. From the novel, David thought Ifenne should be involved in politics because he wanted him to
A. Rig the election for someone
B. take part in the election process
C. Extort money from the people
D. make a name for posterity

33. The civil war created business opportunities for people like Owoicho because:
A. the Ibos were conscripted into the army
B. the exit of the Ibos created a vacuum
C. the Ibos had ventured into other businesses
D. He became the supplier of all essential commodities

34. My boy, your future is bright, you can be anything you want to be....The statement above was made
because Ifenne had
A. been working for others to make profit
B. been planning to excel
C. proven himself faithful and committed
D. purchased his first bus

35. The departure of Ibo competitors to the East had favoured

A. Mama Okoh's business
B. Torkwase at Otukpo
C. Sgt Onyilo in the war front
D. Okoh's marriage

LEXIS, STRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS

In each of this question select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

36. The team's poor performance at tournament plumb the depths of horror.
A. team's performance was enjoyed by all
B. the team's performance was full of disappointment
C. team's performance was rewarded
D. the team's performance was took them to the next round

37. Tolu and Chinedu live in each other 's pockets.

A. they steal from each other
B. they blackmail each other
C. they are very close to each other
D. they are long-term business partners
38. As the drama unfolded, Olatinuke was advised to keep her shirt on
A. she was advised to commit herself
B. she was advised to stay calm
C. she was advised to join the club
D. she was advised to wear her shirt

39. He is a clinging child.

A. he is possessive
B. he likes to cling with his sister.
C. he is a bully
D. he is a handsome young man

40. Zinana's examination result was not unfavourable

A. Her examination did not meet expectation
B. she was successful in her examination
C. her result could not earn her admission
D. she failed her examination

41. You need to brush up on your Spanish

A. you need to improve your skills
B. you need a brush from Spain
C. you need to learn to play with a Spaniard
D. you need to study the history of Spain

42. Amaka would pass for a beauty queen

A. She would be accepted by all as a beauty Queen
B. She walked past the beauty queen
C. she was acting as a beauty queen
D. she would pass the drink to the queen who is sitting next to her

43. 'I can't wait to becoming a mother', the new bride declared
A. she is excited about motherhood
B. She is not keen on becoming a mother
C. She will be patient as a mother
D. She sees motherhood as a burden.

44. Usman needs to get his act together if he wants to pass the examination
A. He needs to organized himself
B. He needs to be fast when writing the examination
C. He needs to put on his stage costume
D. Heneeds to pull all points down in the examination

45. Ramatus expressed her feelings in uncertain terms

A. She expressed it secretly and courageously
B. she expressed it quietly and cautiously
C. She expressed it feebly and sickly
D. She expressed it clearly and strongly

In each of this question choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase underlined.

46. Chibuzor gave a curt nod and walked away

A. rude
B. polite
C. shocking
D. Gentle

47. The girl took a cursory glance at the letter and hid it
A. Concise
B. Brief
C. Lasting
D. Sententious

48. The relationship between the couple has been frosty

A. Cordial
B. Amenable
C. Frugal
D. Fraudulent
49. The Novel laureate's activity in the field of science is heinous
A. Laudable
B. Deplorable
C. forgettable
D. Indelible

50. The accused was eventually convicted

A. consequently
B. subsequently
C. finially
D. initially

51. The plebs can be found in every society of the world

A. Elite
B. Middle class
C. Politicians
D. Masses

52. Everyone's condition was appalling

A. cloudy
B. pleasant
C. complex
D. simple

53. The war against malaria keeps waxing

A. Decreasing
B. increasing
C. wavering
D. happening
54. The man's mordant wit is apparent to the entire village
A. scathing
B. caustic
C. withering
D. kind

55. The soldiers tried in their dogged defence of the city

A. strong
B. indestructible
C. classical
D. indifferent

Answer the following question, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined

56. Ayodeji is an ardent support of education for the girl child

A. a cogent
B. a passionate
C. an ignorant
D. an optimistic

57. The scholar's epitaph was demolished

A. embodiment
B. farmland
C. book
D. monument

58. Mohammed does his work with so much ardor

A. discouragement
B. knowledge
C. indifference
D. enthusiasm

59. The athlete is proud to be in the vanguard of sports development

A. leading position
B. destructive position
C. emerging position
D. unforgettable position

60. Nwankwo was on the verge of signing a two year contract with the club
A. brink
B. summit
C. height
D. shore

61. The lamb is a feeble little animal

A. loving
B. weak
C. fat
D. quiet

62. I am tired of your eternal argument

A. constant
B. useless
C. open
D. strong

63. The actress screamed when she noticed an object behind her
A. weeded in
B. stormed out
C. wailed
D. protested

64. The exhibition was an eye opener to all

A. style
B. examination
C. dispatch
D. display

65. As a journalist, Bala has always had a nose for stories

A. an instinct
B. a command
C. soft comment
D. cynical statement

Choose the option that best complete the gap (s)

66. The girl says she is averse......what others admire

A. to
B. with
C. for
D. from

67. Our teacher defined ......in his introductory lesson

A. onomatopoeia
B. onomatopieoa
C. onomatopiea
D. Onomatopoia

68. The philanthropist devoted himself......the poor

A. by helping
B. to be helping
C. to helping
D. in helping

69. Tinu likes apples......she does not like oranges

A. so
B. but
C. or
D. do

70. The students had a .....On Independence Day.

A. march pass
B. match past
C. march past
D. match pass

71. Do you mind......another hour or two?

A. wait
B. waiting
C. to wait
D. to have waited

72. The continuous rain has really .......the soil.

A. satiated
B. saturated
C. melted up
D. mopped up

73. The police described the boy as being.....hand

A. over at
B. out of
C. on by
D. up to
74. It was very easy for the two political parties to form a .......Government
A. collusion
B. coalition
C. co-operative
D. colonial

75. All farmers were encouraged ......carry out fumigation on their farms
A. in
B. with
C. to
D. from

76. There are lots of.....in a park

A. moving fast luxury buses
B. fast moving luxury buses
C. luxury buses moving fast
D. luxury buses fast moving

77. Yours is to command.....is to obey

A. theirs'
B. their's
C. their
D. theirs

78. Local governments are authorized to pass

A. bye laws
B. byes-laws
C. bye's law
D. bye-law

79. Umar: I have never visited the dentist

Aliyu: ......?
A. neither myself
B. l myself haven't
C. neither have l
D. l also never

80. Usman would have won the race.....

A. only if he could run fast
B. if he had run fast
C. if he can run faster
D. although he ran fast
81. My father told me to take the money from .....it
A. whomever offers
B. whomsoever offer
C. ever who offers
D. whoever offers

82. Our teacher defined.......as the killing of one's mother

A. matriarch
B. patricide
C. patriarch
D. matricide

83. If you are confused.......anything, phone my office

A. of
B. with
C. about
D. for

84. We have a family mutiny......our hands

A. on
B. for
C. from
D. of

85. We should try to help.....

A. the less fortunate
B. less fortunates
C. the less fortunate
D. this less forunate

Choose the option that has same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter (s) underlined.

86. glacier
A. feign
B. glass
C. gleam
D. flat

87. laud
A. lathe
B. core
C. lavatory
D. loud
88. Coma
A. come
B. comma
C. colonel
D. cogent

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letter underlined.

89. lose
A. noise
B. horse
C. mouse
D. Nurse

90. guitar
A. judge
B. rogue
C. jam
D. strange

91. loose
A. close
B. rouse
C. sell
D. fuse

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word

92. rite
A. wright
B. rim
C. list
D. rice
.
93. joys
A. boys
B. stays
C. elbow
D. pots

94. call
A. dull
B. slate
C. wall
D. quail

Choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. the stressed syllables are written in capital
letters.

95. dedication
A. dediCAtion
B. DEdication
C. dedicaTION
D. DeDIcation

96. lnternational
A. INternational
B. inTERnational
C. interNAtional
D. internaTIONal

97. Information
A. inFORmation
B. INformation
C. inforMAtion
D. informaTION

The word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

98. Adamu is leaving a CAR behind?

A. who is leaving a car behind?
B. where is Adamu leaving a car?
C. what is Adamu leaving behind?
D. is Adamu driving the car in front?

99. Lambusa TOOK OFF the wig

A. Did Lambusa take off a wig?
B. Did Lambusa take off the ring?
C. who took off the wig?
D. What did Lambusa do?

100. The bed is IN the room

A. Was the bed in the room?
B. what is in the room?
C. were is the bed?
D. is the bed in the parlour?
USE OF ENGLISH 2014 TYPE S

PASSAGE I
Political change and social transformation in the form of revolutions have radically altered the course of
human civilization and history. Today, the world is witnessing political and social changes arising from the
desire of people all over the globe for greater freedom and a voice in the way they are governed and a better
standard of living. Pan of these struggles and processes have become more pronounced in the Third World
since the end of the East-West cold War in the late 1980's, and in the face of the challenges being posed by
the ongoing process of globalization.

While political and social changes may appear to be distinct phenomena, they are analytically inseparable.
Political and social changes refer to alteration or transformations in human behavior, norms and politico-
social institutions. Such changes are often a collective response to the need to change, or as a tacit
recognition of a shift in the prevalent power relations in the society. Therefore, the coming to power of a new
set of rulers, or the establishment of new structure and processes of governance broadly typifies socio-
political changes.

It is important to note that changes can either be positive or negative. In most cases, political and social
changes are caused by certain factors or reasons. This push people to collectively organize themselves to
struggle for a change in the existing power relations. Another reason is to capture political power in the hope
of making life better for the generality of the people. If politics is defined as who gels what, when and how; It
then implies that political change refers to an alteration in the form of power and the identity of the group or
class which controls the wields states power.
1. which question paper type of use of English is given to you?
A. type F
B. type E.
C. type L
D. type S

2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Change is inevitable
B. Change is inimitable
C. Change is inestimable
D. Change is invaluable

3. It can be deduced from the passage that political and social changes are
A. repulsive
B. Intertwined
C. Antithetical
D. Independent

4. A suitable title for this passage is

A. Social Change and Political Empowerment
B. Reasons for Political Change
C. The Struggle for Political Power
D. Elements of Politics

5. The word alteration, as used in the passage, means

A. Complication
B. Multiplication
C. Recognition
D. Modification

PASSAGE II
Like all reptiles, snakes are cold blooded, or more correctly, ectothermic - they cannot produce their own
body heat; instead, they rely on the sun to heat their bodies. Because they do not rely on energy from food to
generate body heat, snakes can survive on an extremely meager diet. some wait for months between
successive meals, and a few survive by eating a large meal just once or twice a year. When they do eat, snakes
swallow their prey whole rather than biting off small piece. Many snakes have specialized jaws that enable
them to swallow animals that are far larger than their own heads. Although uncommon, some snakes, such as
the African rock python, have been observed eating animals as large as an antelope or a small cow.

With over two thousand five hundred species belonging to more than ten families, snakes are a large and
successful groups. They owe much of this success to their versatility - snakes occupy habitat ranging from
underground burrows to the top of the tree, to ocean depths as great as one hundred and fifty meters. They
are found on every continent except Antarctica, and although they are most abundant in tropical areas, many
survive in regions marked by extreme cold. The only places without snakes are parts of the polar regions and
isolated islands, such as the Republic of Ireland and New-Zealand as opposed to places in Nigeria like Plateau
and Gombe States in the Northern part where there is a large population of snakes.

6. It can be inferred from the passage that snakes are

A. Homogeneous reptiles
B. Heterogeneous creatures
C. Voracious cow eaters
D. Great insect eaters

7. The most notable thing about snakes, according to the passage, is that they
A. Exist in families
B. Abound in Gombe and Plateau States
C. Are versatile in reproduction
D. Eat big but seldom

8. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Snakes are seldom seen at the Antarctica.
B. Snakes are not in the polar regions.
C. Snakes are endemic on every continent.
D. There are countless number of snakes in the Republic of Ireland.

9. It can be deduced from the passage that snakes have

A. Large appetite for antelopes
B. No external auditory organ
C. Visible internal locomotive organs
D. No visual sense of measurement

10. A suitable title for this passage is

A. Species of snakes in Nigeria ans Other lands
B. Feeding Habits of Snakes
C. Some Characteristics of Snakes
D. Snakes as legless, Cold-blooded reptiles

PASSAGE III
Setting up a news paper involves a lot of preparations. The __11__ has to employ a lot of people. Other
people working with him are cartographers, editors, typesetters, readers, who work in various ways to
produce the text of the newspaper, __12__, who go out and collect story and items of news, and __13__, who
specialize in one kind of topic. Another important person who works closely with the Editor-in-Chief is the
__14__, who has to choose the most important stories__15__ go through stories sent to them and make
necessary adjustments.

The Editor-in-Chief could determine for instance, whether a particular journalist should write articles daily or
weekly in a particular column. Such a journalist is known as __16__. The editorials of the news paper will be
coordinated by __17__. The publisher could decide to establish __18__ which would be on sale weekly,
fortnightly, or monthly,__19__ the eyes catching, screaming headlines and captions of newspapers on sale
everyday from the __20__.

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 11.
A. sub-editor
B. processor
C. lithographer
D. proprietor

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 12.
A. vendors
B. agents
C. reporters
D. analysts

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 13.
A. newscasters
B. correspondents
C. distributors
D. listeners

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 14.
A. reporter
B. announcer
C. news editor
D. proof reader

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 15.
A. Producers
B. Sub-editors
C. Writers
D. Agents

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 16.
A. an essayist
B. a freelancer
C. composer
D. columnist

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 17.
A. an agent
B. a guild of researchers
C. An editorial board
D. All readers
Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 18.
A. a gazetteer
B. an article
C. a column
D. a magazine

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 19.
A. a contrast in
B. a contrast from
C. a contrast for
D. a contrast to

Choose the most appropriate option for the gap labelled 20.
A. salesmen
B. readers
C. distributors
D. pressmen

Questions 21 to 30 are based on Chukwuemeka Ike's "The Potter's Wheel".

21. Chief Okeke Okafo decided to buy an 'iron horse

because it would
A. raise his status in the clan
B. minimize the strain of travel from one town to
another
C. give him the opportunity to act like the District
Commissioner.
D. allow him to be the head of the clan.

22. ..... the vanquished dragon, spewing sand instead

of fire gave a solemn and humiliating pledge that
he would never cross Obu's path.
From the excerpt above, the word 'Vanquished' means
A. unconcerned
B. sensitive
C. subdued
D. unflappable.

23. In the novel, the suspicion that Obu was an 'Ogbanje

had revalued the
A. disappearance of Obu in Standard I
B. price tag Mazi Laza and his wife placed on Obu
C. participation of Obu as a member of the masquerade group
D. time Obu spent at Teacher's house

24. According to the novel a pupil who cared his dass

would be instructed to
A. fetch firewood for the teachers
B. carry a pad
C. clean the latrines
D. dance on the assembly ground.

25. If you get confused at any stage, let me know !

want this pottage to be well prepared
The statement above was meant to
A. encourage Ada's cooking habit
B. confuse Obu
C. test Obu's cooking skills
D. distract Ada

26. According to the novel, Mazi Laza would shout at

any person standing in his way because his bicycle
A. was manufactured by local engineers
B. had faulty brakes and outdated pedals
C. came from the same stock as Chief Okeke's
D had injured people on many occasions

27. From the novel, the first person to own a bicycle in

Umuatulu clan was
A. Polycarp's father B В. Mazi Lazarus
C. Teacher Zacheaus Kanu
D. Chief Okeke Okafo

28. In the novel, what did Mazi Laza do after putting a

pinch of snuff into each nostril?
А. He gave the remaining to Nwobiara
B. He nodded with satisfaction
C. He complained of the stuff
D. He commended his wife

29. From the novel, what was Ada's punishment for

fighting with Madam?
A. She fetched water from the stream with a basket
B. She ate only once a day for one week
C. She scrubbed the school latrine for one week
D. She copied Psalm 119 from start to finish
30. In the novel. Obu would not touch cocoyam soup
because he claimed it.
A. would get stuch in his throat
B would make him sick
C. was not well prepared
D. had lost its taste

Question 31 to 35 are based on Jerry Agada's The Successors

31 The entertainment expenses for Okoh Amen's

traditional manage nites were paid for by
A. the bride's parents
B. Okoh Amen
C. Terkura Atsen
D. Okoh Amen's parents

32 Mla's trend asserted that Bob Marley and other reggae

starts were 'good because they
A. were gainfully employed
B. listened to their parents
C. went to school
D. smoked indian hemp

33 from the novel, what did Terkura do with balance

of the money Chief Olega paid him?
А. He brought a beautiful house
B. He invested it in his business
C. He bought two cars for his father
D. He married another wife

34. Markudi became more prominent because of the

A. bridge
B. international hotel
C. railway station
D. road

35. In the novel, Maria's tolerance of her husband

spending half the night on duty at the hotel was
considered a
A. way to remedy all marital problems
B. necessary price to pay for the success of their
marriage.
C. bad thing that couple should discourage
D. way of taking a great risk.
Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.
36. The minister considered the ministry's budget to be a drop in the ocean in view of the number of projects
in the pipeline.
A. The pipeline project across the ocean will be abandoned unless budgetary allocation improves
B. The amount available may be inadequate for projected expenditure
C. The minister may be dropped for failing to complete a number of projects
D. The money approved cannont complete the pipeline project acorss the ocean

37. The police are looking for the woman who farmed her children out to her neighbours.
A. The police wanted the woman for allowing her children to destroy her neighbour's crops.
B. The woman and her children are in the habit of working in neighbour's farms and the police are not well
disposed to this
C. The police may arrest the woman for allowing her neighbours to take care of her children.
D. The woman may be arrested for allowing her children to be a nuisance to her neighbours

38. Jummai's father remarked that pigs would fly before she passed.
A. She would have to cheat in order to pass.
B. It would be possible to pass only if she worked harder.
C. It would never be possible for her to pass.
D. He would have to bribe her teachers to enable her to pass.

39. The president said that he found himself between a rock and a hard place when the press said that he has
resigned.
A. Hard places are dangerous for the president.
B. He dreamt that he was abandoned.
C. He thought that hard places were unsafe.
D. He had a hard decision to make.

40. Kunana is like a bear in the sore head.

A. He is a bully.
B. He is grumpy.
C. He is ugly.
D. He is quiet.

41. Olu gave his brother a bumpy ride.

A. Olu's brother rode on Olu's back to success.
B. Olu took his brother on a bumpy road.
C. Olu gave his brother a difficult time.
D. Olu gave his brother a ride on his car.

42. Adeola doesn't have to go to the farm today.

A. Adeola may go to the farm today if he so wishes.
B. Adeola ought not to have gone to the farm today.
C. Adeola must not go to the farm today.
D. Adeola should not go to the farm today.

43. My boss asked me to take my eyes off the ball.

A. I should stop paying attention to what is most important.
B. I should be focused when i am about to stay off football.
C. I should stay off football after sustaining an injuiry.
D. I should be focused when playing football.

44. The robber was hedged in by the people.

A. The robber was surrounded by the people.
B. The robber was killed by the people.
C. The robber was exposed by the people.
D. The robber was caught by the people.

45. Many workers are not happy because they live a hand-to-mouth life.
A. They work hard with their hands.
B. They are voracious and avaricious.
C. They are barely surviving.
D. They have rejected the use of spoons.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word or phrase.

46. Prolonged strike action debilitated the industry.
A. Strayed.
B. Invigorated.
C. Isolated.
D. Weakened.

47. One of the students bought a plagiarized copy of the book.

A. An annotated.
B. A used.
C. An original.
D. A revised.

48. The young girl was taken aback by her father's gift of a car.
A. Nonplussed.
B. Shocked.
C. Unmoved.
D. Surprised.

49. Musa is a gifted but erratic player.

A. Unstable.
B. Strong.
C. Regular.
D. Unpredictable.

50. The lamp shades were translucent.

A. Transparent.
B. Opaque.
C. Intersected.
D. Luminous.

51. My niece has an unquenchable thirst for adventure stories.

A. An inextinguishable.
B. A spurious.
C. An illegitimate.
D. A reduced.

52. Some of my neighbours have an antipathy to dogs.

A. Alarm for.
B. Enmity towards.
C. Affection for.
D. Acronym for.

53. The dressmaker unpicked the seam of the shirt.

A. Tore up.
B. Threaded.
C. Sewed up.
D. Picked up.

54. The testimony of the witness was vague.

A. Clear.
B. Disturbing.
C. True.
D. Ambiguous.

55. As a student, Isa tied communal living for a few years.

A. Private.
B. Collective.
C. General.
D. Shared.

Choose the option nearest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase.

56. The chairman admires incessant meetings.
A. Irregular.
B. Unusual.
C. Planned.
D. Constant.

57. Today's weather is favorable for a game of tennis.

A. Disapproving.
B. Impartial.
C. Abnormal.
D. Encouraging.

58. All the candidates looked aghast at the reading of the questions.
A. Relaxed.
B. Fulfilled.
C. Dismayed.
D. Satisfied.

59. Joke gave Muhammad a jaunty smile.

A. A cheerful.
B. A discouraging.
C. An inviting.
D. A frightful.

60. The first round of the tournament was a doddle.

A. Exasperating.
B. Easy.
C. Balanced.
D. Dodgy.

61. The lazy man cast a lustful glance at his neighbour's wife.
A. Envious.
B. Hateful.
C. Quick.
D. Covetous.

62. They accused him of fomenting political unrest.

A. Guiding.
B. Inciting.
C. Discouraging.
D. Preventing.

63. You can learn a great deal just from watching other players.
A. Discover.
B. Invent.
C. Accumulate.
D. Allow.

64. All the researchers were asked to gather information on the new viral infection.
A. Give.
B. Collect.
C. Disseminate.
D. Distort.

65. The dispute between the two countries has resulted in the severing of diplomatic relations.
A. Strengthening.
B. Breaking.
C. Securing.
D. Swapping.

Choose the option that best complete the gap.

66. The house and the senate will at noon next Wednesday, _________ to hear a special address by the
president.
A. Collude.
B. Convene.
C. Adjourn.
D. Rise.

67. At the _________ of the century, many ways of doing things were introduced.
A. Sight.
B. Turn.
C. Event.
D. Birth.

68. You may have the pencil, but you can't have the ballpoint ________.
A. As well.
B. Either.
C. Furthermore.
D. Also.

69. The president said that the country was not out of the _____ yet.
A. Wood.
B. Forest.
C. Fog.
D. Water.

70. He went to the restaurant to enjoy the special _____.

A. Chef.
B. Suite.
C. Cuisine.
D. A la carte.

71. The invigilator _____ to know how long the examination _____ going on.
A. Wanted/ had been.
B. Wanted/ has been.
C. Want/had been.
D. Wanted/have been.

72. The guard spent all the night pacing _____.

A. To and fro.
B. From and to.
C. Fro and to.
D. To and from.

73. The woman refused to testify ______ her husband.

A. From.
B. In.
C. At.
D. Against.

74. A bike must have found the very interesting movies quite _____.
A. Perverting.
B. Absolving.
C. Absorbing.
D. Nauseating.

75. The words _____ divided between the end of one line.
A. Has being.
B. Have been.
C. Have being.
D. Has been.

76. Those _____ are very beautiful.

A. Flowers of ours.
B. Flowers of her.
C. Flowers of her's.
D. Our flowers.

77. Cooking has never been Jumoke's _____.

A. Forte.
B. Recital.
C. Conduct
D. Style.

78. when the strike is over, there will probably be an increase in wages and a _____ increase in prices.
A. Chronic.
B. Sporadic.
C. Concordant.
D. Concurrent.

79. My mother was _____ annoyed with me for coming late.

A. Just.
B. Very.
C. Neither.
D. Hotly.
80. The chairman is too much _____ an idealist for coming late.
A. With.
B. From.
C. About.`
D. Of.

81. The clock _____ 12 o'clock two hours ago.

A. Striking.
B. Strikes.
C. Strike.
D. Struck.

82. What is the jury's _____ the matter.

A. Verdict with.
B. Verdict on.
C. Verdict at.
D. Verdict from.

83. The unconscious man was _____ after receiving first aid.
A. Revived.
B. Reawakened.
C. Reformed.
D. Restored.

84. The laughter _____ his face for a moment.

A. Remade.
B. Improved.
C. Controlled.
D. Animated.
85. She traced her family history _____ matrilineal.
A. At.
B. In.
C. By.
D. With.

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter underlined.
86. cool.
A. Should.
B. Full.
C. Luke.
D. Look.

87. Odor.
A. Floor.
B. Flow.
C. Sugar.
D. Hold.

88. Palm.
A. Plait.
B. Ranch.
C. Florid.
D. Launch.

Choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the letter underlined

89. Vision.
A. Enclosure.
B. Instruction.
C. Mansion.
D. Nation.

90. Gnash.
A. Ring.
B. Forge.
C. New.
D. King.

91. Epitaph.
A. Pneumonia.
B. Pseudo.
C. Fan.
D. Paper.

Choose the option that rhymes with the given word

92. ever
A. Heavier.
B. Favour.
C. Fever.
D. Never.

93. Keep.
A. Dead.
B. Reap.
C. Seethe.
D. Threat.

94. Tax.
A. Ask.
B. Box.
C. Lacks.
D. Back.

choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options.

95. Valedictory.
A. vaLEdictory.
B. valeDICtory.
C. valedicTORY.
D. VALedictory.

96. Congratulation.
A. conGRAtulation.
B. congraTUlation.
C. congratuLAtion.
D. CONgratulation.

97. Conspiracy.
A. CONspiracy.
B. conspiRAcy.
C. conspiraCY
D. conSPI racy.

The word in capital letter has the emphatic stress. choose the option in which the given sentence relates.
98. My mother bought a BICYCLE yesterday.
A. When did my mother buy a bicycle?
B. What did my mother buy yesterday?
C. Whose mother bought a bicycle yesterday?
D. Did my mother steal a bicycle yeaterday?

99. AMINA went to Abuja by air.

A. Did Amina go to Jos by air?
B. Is Amina going to Abuja by air?
C. Who went to Abuja by air?
D. Did Amina go to Abuja by road?

100. Musa is STAYING in Enugu.

A. Was Musa staying in Enugu?
B. Is Musa going through Enugu?
C. Is Musa staying on the outskirt of Enugu?
D. Is Audu staying in Enugu?

USE OF ENGLISH 2015

Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows

PASSAGE I
There are many different approaches to conflict
management, each of which may have utility in particular
circumstances. A great deal of scholarship has been
devoted to analyzing how and in what situations different
approaches can be applied most effectively.
into two broad categories: Firstly on the basis of the
Conflict management approaches can be classified
level of escalation which the particular conflict is being
managed. In this sense one can distinguish between
the peaceful and the military' approaches. The
trademarks of the peaceful approach are negotiation,
verbal persuasion, use of inducements, denial of
privileges, and subtle manipulations short of the use of
physical forces, while those of the military approach
relate to the use of physical coercion. The use of
physical force could be by a party to the conflict or third
party
, to promote on side's interest, impose a settlement,
or create a situation in which diplomatic negotiations
can occur
Secondly, conflict management approaches can
also be classified according to the status of the
participants in the bargaining process. For example, a
conflict could be managed through 'negotiation', that
is
, direct bargaining by the parties involved in the conflict;
or through 'meditation', that is with the help of a third
party

1. The expression third party, as used in the passage,

means.
A. politician
B. intruder
C. conformist
D. mediator

2. From the passage, it can be deduced that

A. all nations adopt the peaceful approach
B. all nations prefer the military option
C. prevailing circumstances push a warring nation
to sue for peace.
D. conflicts are noted for facilitating opportunities

3. Which of the following statements can be inferred

from the passage?
A. The approach to employ in conflict management
depends on the state of affairs.
B. Only one conflict management approach can be
applied in all situations
C. All conflict management approaches can be
applied in all situations,
D There is a general disagreement among scholars
on conflict management.

4. According to the passage, the different approaches

to conflict management are
A. pernicious
B. uniform
C. misleading
D. fundamental

5. The word utility, as used in the passage, means

A. difficulty
B. attitude
C. usefulness
D. management

6. The word couched, as used in ihe passage, means

A. arranged
B. expressed
C. modified
D. itemized

This question 7-10 is based on Vincent Chukwuemeka Ike’s “ The Potter’s Wheel”
7. From the writer's point of view, one can conclude
that
A. the only authority a society has is its language
B. language and culture are interwoven
C. people of the same culture in the same society
D. developing peoples of the world have not
developed their languages
8. Which of the following can be inferred from the
passage?
A. The world is interpreted to us only in our native
language
B. Our native language is as important as the
world around us
C. We know more about the world around us if
our language is not written
D. The world around us is the world of people
who speak the same language.

9. What is the symbolic function of a native language,

according to the passage?
A. It enables the society itself the more
B. It promotes understanding within the group
C. It distinguishes that society from others
D. It alienates progress within the society and
beyond

10. From the passage, one can imply that

A. the language of instruction is ideally one's own
language
B. native languages are difficult to use as
languages of instruction.
C. no foreign language should be taught in any
society
D. no society conducts its education in a foreign language
PASSAGE 2
The passage belows has gaps. Immediately following
each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most
appropriate option for each gap. 3,
Before now, students bumped onto career by
chance or through the and insistence of parents. These
parents had pre-conceived notions of ...11...[A.
insignificant B. prestigious C. inferior D.
debased] professions and gave litte consideration to
their children's interest aptitude, knowledge and skills.
students' career decisions were also ... 12...[A.
influenced B. hampered C. subdued D.
rejected] by the type of secondary schools they
attended. Before government take-over of schools in
1971. Over 80% of elementary and secondary schools
were privately owned and competition was ...13... [A.
high B. minimal C. low D. moderate) among
these schools. Each strived to carve an ... 14... [A.
attitude B. image C. effort D. avenue] for
herself by excelling in sports or academics and students
often ended up in engineering, medicine, the science
and law. Junior students tried to ... 15... [A. appreciate
B. emulate C. reject D. denounce) the career
choices of their seniors. This spirit of rivalry among
mission and private schools waned heightened
intensified increase with government take-over of
schools. Governments involvement in career development is
beset with many problems. One such problem is the ... 16... [A. mild
B. acute C. slow D. average]
shortage of professional career development officers.
These few officers are ...17... [A. seldom B. usually
C. often
D. frequently] given the opportunity to
practise. If the government of Nigeria has ...18...[A.
lauded B. muffled C. mumbled D. enunciated]
a guidance and counselling policy. It must be pointed
out that emphasis is still at the secondary level of
B. rejects education. This situation ... 19... [A.
approves C. contradicts D. verifies the current
view that career development should start at the pre-
primary level and continue till adulthood.

This question 21 - 36 is based on A. H Mohammed's "The Last Days at Forcados High

School"
21. The information that Efua's diary had been leaked
to all in the school was first made known to her by
A. Caro
B. Ansa
C.Nene
D. Joke

22. What do you want? Doesn't it offend your pure

gentle should to be sitting beside me?
In the excerpt above, pure and gentle soul referred to
A Nene
B. Jimi

C. efua
D. Ansa

24. What did Ansa to when Efua was introduced to him

A. He smiled sheepishly
B. He murmured awkwardly
C. He snubbed her
D. He embraced her

25. After her graduation, Nene hoped to study

A. accountancy
B. law
C. architecture
D. education

26. At one time, the closeness between Jimi and Wole

heightened because they wanted to
A. contend with Jimi's adversaries at Forcados
High School
B. unite against the bullying of the eldest brother
C. present a common front in their quest to learn
at school
D. practise the act of dancing in the school choir

27. Teacher Bade earned the nickname 'Cane

because he was
A. a discipline master in the school
B. always ready to listen to students' complaints
C. always ready to punish offenders
D. always ready to appreciate students

28. From the storyline, we could conclude that Forcados

High School emphasized
A. individuality
B. conformity
C. duplicity
D. truancy

29. Despite the fact that Ansa was not as brilliant as

Jimi, he still saw Jimi as a
A. friendly and likeable person
В. timid and likeable person
C. likeable but hostile person
D. humble and likeable person

30. Jimi was to run away from the policemen when they
asked him to stop by
A. getting help from a good Samaritan
B. jumping into a nearby bush
C. hiding under the table
D. jumping into a moving bus

31. The impromptu meeting to prepare for the mid-term

dinner was attended by the
A. school prefects
B. organizing committee
C. SS3 students
D. school teachers

32. What did Jimi occupy himself with as he took his

shower?
A. He was whistling
B. he was crying
C. He was dancing
D. he was brooding

33. Who was considered as a bright spark in an

unspoken contest with Jimi over their chemistry results ?
A. Eze
B. Caro
C. Nene
D. Efua

34. The teachers' attitude towards Efua was that of

A. recognition
B. misconduct
C. misapplication
D. repression

35. Which of these best describes Aunty Moni's

character trait?'
A. Garrulous B. Docile C.
D. Extravagant
Arrogant

36. The workers tightened their hold on the capital

A. They tightened a rope round their capital
B. They controlled the capital more strictly
C. They held onto other workers in the capital
D. They stretched their hold on the capital and
beyond

For this question, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

37. Amedu's actions provoked severe criticism

A. His actions were seriously rejected
B. His actions were severe and accepted
C. His actions were itemized because he was
young
D. His actions provoked the humour

38. I haven't seen the movie and my brother hasn't

either
A. I have seen the movie but neither of my brother
have
B. My brother and i haven't seen the movie
C. Only my brother has seen the movie
D. I was the only one that has seen the movie

39. Sule would have been given the car if his father
had not complained
A. He wasn't given the car because his father
complained
B. He was given the car because his father
complained
C. His father complained about the car and he was given
D. He was given the car even though his father
didn't complain

40. Adayi cannot halt the march of time

A. She is willing to march on
B. She cannot change the way things happen
She halts the march on time
C. She halts the march on time
D. She cannot alter the peace march.

41. The lecture is Uye's road to Damascus

A. ne lecture is an opportunity to travel to
Damascus
B. The lecture is an experience that changes the
way she thinks.
C. The lecture talks exclusively about Damascus
D. The lecture is an experience that cannot be
changed

42. Ado is the of the backwoodsmen

A. 5 He is one of those that live in a distant and
underdeveloped area
B. He is one of the active members of the
community
C. He is one of the honest men that live in the
community
D. He is one of those that live in the most
developed part of the city

43. Bello said he would pitch his tent with the club
A. He would support the club
B. He would build a pitch in the club
C. He would build a tent on the pitch
D. He would distance himself from the club

44. 'Try not to lose heart', said the man

A. Try not to be bold and weak
B. Try not to become sad and hopeless
C. Try not to be happy and feeble
D. Try not to be timid and hopeful

45. Kasim would have attended the party if he had been

invited
A. He would not have attended even if he was
invited
B. He attended the party before he was invited
C. He was not invited and so he did not attend
D. He attended the party without invitation

For this questions, choose the opposite in meaning to the word or phrase in italics.

46. Adewales's arrival always triggers a media frenzy.

A violence
B. agitation
C. calm
D. excitement

47. She said the experience was harrowing.

A. educating
B. frightening
C. pleasant
D. strange

48. The house was invaded by the young officers

A. set upon
B. put down
C. defended
D. built

49. I like Adamu's weird attitude

A. bouyant
B. peculiar
Ć. zestful
D. normal

50. We travelled to an obscure little town

A. rugged
B. distinguished
C. secluded
D. inglorious

51. She is known for her bizarre dressing

A. natural
B. weird
C. obsolete
D. odious

52. Lami normally scurries around town

A. scampers
B. dashes
C. dawdles
D. Scuttles

53. Sule's poem is always explicit and compelling

A. exciting
B. clear
C. ambiguous
D. long

54. Usman smiled in a scornful way

A. respectful
B. derisive
C. sarcastic
D. deluded

55. Alade is noted for his erratic behaviour

A. fitful
B. bizarre
C. consistent
D. euphoric

56. The priest knows Ochai as an abstainer.

A. Someone who never drinks alcohol
В. Someone who holds onto his ideas
C. Someone who reads a lot
D. Someone who never cares about others.

For this questions, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics.

57. She gave a caustic remark on the occasion.

A. tangible
B. friendly
C. insignificant
D. sarcastic

58. It was good try but it didn't quite work out.

A. come to
B. come off
C. come from
D. come for

59. Garuba's performance in the competition was horrid

A terrible
B. encouraging
C. commendable
D. rigid

60. Just give me the basic facts, with needless details

A. relevant
B. extraneous
C. essential
D. critical

61. Usama likes toys made with bright and animated

colours
A. dull
B. sparkling
C. black
D. deep

62. The man has strong distaste for alcohol

A. love
B. aversion
C. desire
D. excitement

63. The schism in the organization is on the increase.

A. disagreement
B. understanding
C. opportunity
D. rot

64. Sule admires people who have unbending character.

A. mobile
B. steady
C. wavering
D. unstable

65. He detests honesty.

A. likes
B. hates
C. encourages
D. commands

For this questions 66 - 85, choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

66. The number of stores will be increased.....twenty

to thirty
A. from B. on C. at D. into

67. .....bomb had earlier been defused

A. A leaf B. An alive C. A life D. A live

68. The mechanic did not tell me the brakes....bad.

A. were B. are C. is D. was

69. Tayo could have supplied the goods but it was....into

two
A. splitting B. split C. spited D. splits

70. Had Aisha realized what marriage entails she....

A. could have not rush into it
B. would have rushes into it
C. would not have rushes into it
D. would not have rushed into it

72. The company deals....computer software

A. with B. for C. in D. to

73. There is no logic.....any of their claims

A. with B. in C. from D. up

74. .....the house was an easy task for the demolition

squad.
A. Bringing forth B. Tearing down C. Bringing up D. Tearing with

75. The player sat on the bench....the match lasted

A. since B. when C. that D. while

76. He ran out when he saw the teacher,.....?

A. didn't he B. isn't he C. does he D. is he

77. Parents should be good examples.....their children

A. to B. at
C. from D. by

78. He travelled.... last week

A. somewhat
D. somewhere
B. some where C. some what

79. He was present at the party......?

A. wasn't he
B. did he
D. didn't he
C. could he

80. The prisoners had been.....from all contacts.

A. kept upon
B. kept apart
C. kept for
D. kept on

81. 'We detest these......,' declared the woman

А. types of programme B. type of programmes
C. types of programmes D. type of programme

82. Lima doesn't like working in the dark 2

A has she B. does she C. will she D. did she

83. Oboro will always....his friends

A stand up for
C. stand across for
D. stand beside for
B. stand down for

84. She arrived.... air for the occassion

A for B. in C. with D. by

85. Audu overbalanced and...the water.

A. fell into B. fell from C. fell for D. fell at

For this question, choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s)
underlined.

86. Bore
A call
B. curl
C. slot
D. hum

87. Head
A. said
B. heard
C. herd
D. shirt

For this questions, choose the option that rhymes with the given word.
88. Suite
A. tree
B. breath
C. bleat
D. Sweet

89. Cart
A. lash
B. Cat
C. part
D. pack

90. Sight
A. skate B. short C. cite D. plait

For this question, choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one represented by the
letter(s) underlined

91. Sky
A. cite
B. eats
C. break
D. coil
92. loath
A. breathe
B. that
C. thaw
D. tank

93. Van
A. of
B. often
C. off
D. physics

94. lodge
A. soldier
B. rogue
C. go
D. measure

For this questions, choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are
written in capital letter(s).

95. programmatic
A. proGRAMmatic
B. PROgrammatic
C. programMAtic
D. programmatic

96. certification
A. certification
B. CERtification
C. certifiCAtion
D. certification

97. motivation
A. mo Tlvation
B. motivaTION
C. motivAtion
D. MOtivation

In each of questions 98 to 100, the word in capital letters has the Emphatic Stress. Choose the option to
which the given sentence relates

98. Bukola's UNCLE is a strict teacher

A. Is Bukola's uncle is a strict cook?
B. Is Tunde's uncle a strict teacher?
C. Is Bukola's aunt a strict teacher?
D.is Bukola's uncle an easy going teacher?

99. She put the spoon on the CHAIR

A. Did she put the fork on the chair?
B. Did she put the spoon on the table?
C. Who put the spoon on the chair?
D. Who took the spoon on the chair?

100. ASA is a lawyer

A is Asa a robber?
B. Who is a lawyer?
C. Is Asa the lawyer?
D. Was Asa the lawyer?

USE OF ENGLISH JAMB 2016

Read passages I, and II carefully and answer the questions that follow.

PASSAGE 1
It is not difficult to make a film but it is very difficult to
make a good film technically polished, suited to its au-
dience, and telling its story clearly through the precise
balance of visual and audio. Film-making is a job for
professionals, the amateur always a disaster. The only
reasonable exception is the local newsreel made on a
shoestring and intended to serve the same purpose as
a parish magazine or works news-sheet. Here the con-
tent can overcome the limitations of the maker and his
temptation to try to use such a production moro wide ;
and for different audience should be firmly resisted.
Many people have a wrong approach to film-making.
Too often a film begins because someone suggest
brightly, 'why don't we make a film about this?' The idea
of film is generally attractive, provided that not oot much
money is required. A film is then made, frequently with-
out adequate planning or with only the sketchiest con-
cept of how it might be used. It is right that film should
be considered as a possible way of putting a story over,
but the objective must be clear and the nature of the
audience understood first. Then the suitability of film
for must be assessed and the means of reaching the
audience by film ensured. Only then is it advisable to
go ahead and find the money before embarking on the
complex process of getting the film made.
Adapted from Baman P and Ellis N(1977) Manual of
Public Relations

1. The expression, visual and audio, as used in the

passage, refers to
A. vision and auras
B. sight and colour
C. picture and sound
D. color and props

2. The word professionals, as used in the passage

suggests
A. specialist
B. entrepreneurs
C. detractors
D. commentators

3. The two types of films mentioned in the passage

are those for
A wide and specialized audiences
В. localised and newsreel audiences
C. theatre and wide audiences
D. localized and parish audiences

4. A suitable title for this passage is

A. The Film-maker and his Audience
B. How to Put Over a Message
C. The Art of Film-making
D. Film and Public Relations

5. Which of the following factors may not be consi-

dered in film-making according to the passage?
A. Its suitability for achieving its aim.
B. The nature of the audience
C. Its objective
D. Its content

6. According to the passage, the Global Positioning

System was first invented in the
A. eighties B. seventies C. Sixties D. fifties

7. According to the passage, the GPS was initially

produced for
A. geodesic reasons
B. industrial purposes
C. security purposes
D. commercial purposes

8. The expression, atomic clocks, as used in the

passage, means
A. poisonous substance
B. formidable sentinel
C. sentient sense
D. sensitive weapon

9. A suitable title for the passage is

A. High Definition Receiver in Cars
B. Longitude and Latitude Precise Measurement
C. Science and Technology in the 70s
D. An Exploration into Science and Technology
10. Which of the following is true according to the
passage?
A. Navigation systems are types of satelites that determine the change in weather
B. Signals from at least four satelites can be used for a precise measurement of a specific location
C. Several automobiles can be used to store computerized atlas on a compack disk.
D. Monitoring geologic fault line enables motorists
to find their bearings.

PASSAGE 2
The persistent unrest on our campuses has created a
culture of violence, insecurity and uncertainty. This has
naturally given birth to a number of clandestine groups,
the most 11[A. Notorious B. Aggressive C. Griev-
ous D. Retrogressive] being the secret cults. For fresh-
men the cults offer promises of 12 [ A. Scholarship
B. Security C. Contracts D.
D. Jobs) which look
attractive on the surface. The young captives see these
cults as part of the campus fun and a 13[ A. Decoy B.
Badge C. Disguise D. Symbol] of their new free-
dom. The fear of insecurity which drove them into it in
the first place is now replaced by the fear of fatal 14[ A.
Accidents
B. Falls C. Injuries D. Sanction) if
they betray the oath they 15[A. Took B. Made C.
Said D. Gave) during initiation.
16[ A. Aberrations 8 diseases C. Innovations D
Decisions) of our time. All campus workers must en
sure that the 171 A. Atmosphere B grounds C Stage
D pattern) of peace and tranquility reigns on our cam
puses
Managers of our tertiary institutions must ensure that
healthy alternative associations exist that can 181 A.
alienate 8 exclude C, preserve Daccommo
date all the students Responsible student unionism
must be encouraged 91. [A. Teaching B. Orienta
tion C. Refresher D. Beginning) programmes for
freshmen must move away from the traditional rituals
into intense enlightenment on the evils and consequences of violence, of which secret cults is but onemajor
20[ A. manifestation B. reason C. solution
D. contraction)

21. Which of the following statements captures Ansa's

thought about Jimi?
A. He thought Jimi cut corners to succeed
B. He was going to break his friendship with Jimi
C. He was envious of Jimi's achievement
D. He thought Jimi was a lucky boy
22. Outside the gate, he stood for a moment and listened
From the excerpt above, what did Jimi listen to?
A. He listened to the distant sound of the buses
B. He listened to the way his father was beating
his mother
C. He listened to the way Wole was abusing his
father
D He listened to the way a dog was barking at a neighbour

23. After listening to jim's explanation on the stolen

laboratory equipment, Mr. Mallum decided to
A. punish Jimi for the wrong doings
B put an end to the matter
C. get in touch with Jimi's relations
D. contact the police for Jimi's release

24. How did Nene feel when she saw Efua's painting
by Ansa?
A. She was surprised B. She became friendly
C. She was delighted D. She acted timidly

25. When did a boy faint at Forcados High School?

A During the inter-house sports competition
B. During the Mid-term Dinner
C. During the prize-giving day
D. During the valedictory service

26. In the novel, Caro's attitude towards Efua Coker

could be regarded as
A. Childish B. fanatical C. deceitful D. heroic

27. The death of Mrs. Solade

A barely changed Jimi's life
B definitely changed Jimi's life
C. probably changed Jimi's life
D. hardly changed Jimi's life

28 Jimi received the news of the diagnosis of his

mother's ailment from
A. his mother
B. the doctor
C. his father
D. the house help
29. Which of the following methods did Miss Novi employ
to resuscitate the little boy who fainted?
A. Cadiopuminary resuscitation
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
C. Cadiopulmonary resuscitation
D. Cardiopulminary resuscitation

30 He was a tall and well-built man with a head shaved

bald He wore a loose caftan over his bulging tummy
The description above epitomizes
A Mr Edet
B. Uncle Kazeem
C. Mr. Mallum
D. Mr Solade

31. Mr. Malium, the principal, was a symbol of

A. achievement
B. condemnation
C. envy
D. freedom

32 The best thing that happened to Efua at the end of

the term was
A. her exclusion from Miss Novi's charity group
B. the principal's open commendation of her result
C. the visit of Nene's family
D. her participation in the Christmas concern

33. One of the reasons for admitting Efua into Forcados

High School was that
A she performed well in a school debate
B. she was a straight A-student
C. her father was generous to Mr. Mallum
D. she was recommended by the commissioner

34. One of the things Ansa observed about his fellow

students when they resumed for the new term was
that some of them
A. were eager to go back home
B. looked sickly and malnourished
С. wore their ties in odd knots
D. had become rude and unruly
35. What attracted Efua to Miss Novi?
A Miss Novi's rich background
B. Miss Novi's act of kindness to the boy who
fainted
C. Miss Novi's mode of dressing
D. Miss Novi's quiet disposition and intelligence
in all situations.

36. His property went down the drain

A. He completely lost his property
B. He kept his property down in the rain
C. His property was completely drained
D. He drained his property by the canal

37. In line with the prevailing circumstances, he should

have forgiven his wife.
A The conditions are too stringent
B. The conditions are now favourable
C. He should not forgive his wife
D. He must prevail on his wife

38. At the end of the competition, the team brought up

the rear
A. The team was booed
B. The team competed strongly
C. The team came last
D. The team was suspended indefinitely

39. Shola is the mouthpiece of the association

A. He plays the musical instrument of the association
B. He learns the truth about the association
C. He expresses the opinions of the association
D. He blames the association for talking too much.

40. Audu said his gift should have been a great deal
more
A. Audu said more gifts were not available
B. Audu said he was not given enough gift
C. Audu said lia had more than enough gift
D. Audu said he didn't need more gift

41. The creature in the storybook has an impis character

A. The creature has a had attribute
B. The creature has moral attitudes
C. The creature has a terrible stature
D. The creature has an impartial nature

42. Our teacher just shut his eyes to something strange

A. He took no notice of what was happening
B. He opened his eye when he saw something
strange
C. His eyes blinked when he saw the creature
D. He complained of something strange

43. Sade can't imagine that her appointment has been

terminated
A She did not believe that her appointment had
been terminated
B. She was dreaming about a new appointment
at the terminal
C She knew her appointment had been terminated
D. She was determined to keep her appointment

44. Many people are alienated from their root nowadays

A. They run the risk of being humiliated
B. They don't have a sense of belonging
C. They are covenant with their culture
D. They are forcefully ejected from their roots

45. Toniola resolved to act with moderation in the office

A Torola chose to always be punctual in the office
B. Toriola chose a strategy that was not extreme
in the office
C Toriola chose a hard line posture in the office
D. Toriola chose to act with indifference in the
office

46. The couple danced to the lively tunes at the party.

A. airy
B. dull
C. jaunty
D. carefree

47. The government gave an unconvincing argument

for increasing indirect tax.
A. a good
B. a believable
C. an implausible
D. a short

48. Ado is a dependable apprentice

A. an unfaithful
В. a resourceful
C. an obstinate
D. a responsible

49. The president complains of a stagnant economy

A. stable
B. free
C transitional
D. capitalist

50. He came across his one-time friend in Lagos.

A. future
B. old
C. former
D. present

51. She muttered some words about the farm and

walked away
A moaned
B grumbled
C. mumbled
D. shouted

52. We spent a gruesome weekend at the hotel

A. dreadful
B. delightful
C. morbid
D. Irksome
53. It was a humiliating action', said Audu
A. a bad
B. a pardonable
C. an honourable
D. an easy

54. There is hostility between the two communities

A business goa!
B. alliance
C. acrimony
D. bitterness
55. Some members of the elite in our society are mean
A. stingy
B. ambitious
C benevolent
D. proactive

56. The hotel charged me on exorbitant price

A. a favourable
B. a moderate
C. an excessive
D. an inexpensive

57. Jumoke has a tenacious grip on my arm

A an interesting
B. a firm
C. an irresolute
D. a yielding

58. I don't like the man's discourteous attitude

A. polite B. gracious C. robust D. insolent

59. The land has been promised to the tribe in

perpetuity
A forever B. temporarily C. reluctantly D. erroneously

60. The population was decimated by an outbreak of

plague
A detached B. preserved C. obliterated D. revived

61. Aisha's mother is very firm,

A. sluggish
B. stern
D. optimistic
C. progressive

62. The family values have to be preserved for

succeeding generations
A. older B. immediate C. extant D. future

63. Lekan in an aggressive basketball player

A. an anxious
B. a domineering
C. a submissive
D. an aimless
64. The girl was escorted by her great aunt,
A. accompanied B. abandoned C. surrendered D. liberated

65. The home team thrashed the visitors.

A. admonished B. advised C. defeated D. cherished

For this questions 66 - 85, choose the option that best completes the gap(s)

66. you should put in some effort.

A. However tired you are
B. However tired are you
C. However you are tired
D. However are you tired

67. Bola works in.....

A. with a meagre school resources
В. a school with meagre resources.
C. school with a meagre resources
D a resource school meagre with

68. There are......I need to buy

A lot of thing that В. lots i things that
C. lot of things that D. lots of thing that

69. It is generally...... that we should eat less fat and

more vegetables.
A. agreeing
B to agreed
C. to agree
D. agreed

70. Laraba couldn't do it as expected,...?

A. wasn't she B. could she C. didn't she D. was she

71. A.....seminar was organised by the society

A two-day
B two-days
C. two day
D. two days

72. Ado struck Isa with.....blow across his shoulder.

A. mightily
B. a mighty
C. mightiest
D. the mightier

73. Tunde and Kola were not supposed to attend the

party.....?
A. were they
B. wasn't they
c. weren't they
D. isn't they

74. The two friends agreed....each other on the issue

A with
B. to
C. by
D. on

75. Abiola is....

A. uses to wake up early
B. used to waking up early
C. use to wake up early
D. using to wake up early

76. ....you do, slow down and take your time

A. Whatever B. However C. Wherever D. Whenever

77 The allegation was a further source.....embarrassment

A. with B. of C. in D. for

78. The man ....... he .......complete the house

A said/couldn't B. say/can't C. said/can't
D. saying/couldn't

79. The new manager has..... to his staff

A. a disposition pleasant friendly
B. a pleasant friendly disposition
C. ' a disposition friendly pleasant
D. a friendly disposition pleasant

80. My sister plays tennis with.....

A he's
B. his
C. he
D. him
81. Amina blushed and accepted.....good grace
A. the compliment from
B. a compliment on
C. a compliment for
D. the compliment with

82. The fruits were shared......the five girls

A. from
B. at
C. between
D. among

83. He....say he.....do it

A. did/vould
B. does/will
D. does/would
C. did/will

84. Ali looked to the left and then.....the right before

crossing the road.
A. to
B. in
C. for
D. with

85. Isa wants you to come, and ...........who is free

A. anyone elses'
B. anyone else's
C. anyone else
D. anyone's else

86. fleet
A. ewe
B. quay
C. slit
D. wet

87. hoard
A stall
B. club
C. cloth
D. rock

88. clique
A with
B. what
C. wheat
D. which

89. motion
A. ritual
B. pleasure
C. picture
D. brochure

90. chapel
A. match
B. motion
C. chemistry
D. champagne

91. Patch
A rich
C. pack
D. Cable

92. Who
A blue
B. wool
C. two
D. rude

93. Cut
A. but
B. bird
C. bet
D. bed
C. how

94. hew
A. toe
B. put
C. how
D. stew

For this questions, choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed syllables are
written in capital letter(s).
95. mutilation
A. MUtilation
B. muТllation
C. mutilAtion
D. mutilaTION

96. optimistic
A. optimis
B. optiMIStic
C. opTImistic
D. OPtimistic

97. revisionism
A. revisionISM
B. REvisionism
C. reVisionism
D. reviSIONism

In each of questions 98 to 100, the word in capital letters has the Emphatic Stress. Choose the option to
which the given sentence relates.

98. Kunle saw the snake on THE TREE

A. Did kunle pick the snake on the tree?
B. What did Kunle see on the tree?
C. Who saw the snake on the tree?
D. Where did Kunle see the snake?

99. Laraba ran sluggishly to the CAR

A. How did Laraba run to the car?
B. Who ran sluggishly to the car?
C. Where did Laraba run to?
D. What did Laraba do?

100. Sanada was there YESTERDAY

A. Is Sanada there yesterday?
B. Who was there yesterday?
C. When was Sanada there?
D. Where was Sanada yesterday?
USE OF ENGLISH JAMB 2017
Read passages I, and Il carefully and answer the questions that follow.

PASSAGE 1
Okoli bought his five-shilling postal order, registered his
pools coupon and emerged from the post office feeling
as he had felt for the past ten years that the world would
be kind to him. But he was not happy. While waiting in
the queue, another customer had told him f a friend
who had invested one thousand Naira (N 1000 and won
thousands. One hundred Naira', he said to himself. He
smiled a smile of diffidence mixed with optimism. Some
passers by noted a smile and thinking was for them,
but Okoli nicknamed 'Time up' by his friends of the
Government department where he worked, did not no-
rice. His thoughts were engaged in contemplating the
vagaries of that mysterious god, football pools. He came
to the bus stop and look a little wistfully at a standing
vehicle. He would have like to go by it, his home was a
mile away and the sun eagerly pricked his head, but
his alary did not allow for casual expenses. He, there-
fore, walked home. Okoli took off his workday cloths
and changed into brown Wrapper and singlet. Then he
set about boiling water for his 'garri' 'No impossible,' he
murmured to himself. To gamble on a grand scale? He
unlocked a drawer set in the table and slipped out a
bank account book. He opened it. His assets stood at
exactly one thousand Naira (N1,000). A coincidence?
But it might an omen. In the newspaper his stars for the
week had said "Do not be afraid to take a chance.' Why
should his credit stand at exactly the figure the other
customer had mentioned? But one might fail even with
one thousand Naira. Supposed he failed? He had re-
sponsibilities, his father and mother struggling against
a perverse land which yearly failed to yield them enough
to eat. Memories of that land had hunted him forcing
him to place a barrier between himself and luxuries.

Adapted from Fagbemi J. A. O et al(1998). Integrated

English Book 3. Ibadan University Press Limited

1. From the passage Okoli's living conditions could

best be described as
A. cozy
B. Soothing
C. distressing

2. According to the passage, Okoli was afraid to lose

A. affluence
B. prosperity
C. reputation
D. chance

3. The word omen, as used in the passage, means

A. indication
B. end
C. implication
D. Oath

4. From the passage, Okoli did not travel by bus

A. he did not want to pay on the bus fare
B. his income could not allow it
C. he lived close to the bus stop
D. his body needed the rigorous walk

5. It can be concluded that Okoli smiled a smile of

difference b cause he was
A. diligent
B. confident
C. uncertain
D. unassuming

PASSAGE 2
In a parliamentary democracy elections are held peri-
ndically to elect a new government. This arrangement
ensures that no party has 6 [A. monopoly B. majority
C. right D. knowledge] of power in a country where
parliamentary democracy is practiced, the country is
divided into...7... [A. regions B. wards C. constituen-
cies D. districts), each returning one candidate. Long
before the election day, political parties engage in all
kinds of activities. These activities strengthen...8....
inter-party B. ultra-party C. intra-party D. extra-party
harmony and also define more sharply the focus of the
parties. One election day, only those person who are
duty...9... [A. commissioned B. enrolled C. registered
D. taxed] and own voter's card can vote. To facilitate
the voting process, polling booths are made easily
accessible to the voters. At the end of the voting
the...10. [A. Ballot box B. printed papers C. particu
lars D. ballot papers) are counted When the count
ing is over the party which gets more... 11. (A members
B. boxes C. votes D. counts) forms the government
A candidate who fails to win a certain percentage of the
votes loses his or her...12. [A. right B. deposit C. party
D. supporters) Sometimes the opposition parties ac
cuse the government of...13. [A. holding B. postpon-
ing C. rigging D. controlling) the election in order to
retain power. Such an accusation usually
generates...14.(A. Fear B. trouble C. enmity D. vio
lence) destruction of lives and property In spite of these
ugly side effects of party politics, parliamentary.15. (A
rule B. party C. election D. voting) remains a better
and more preferred way of electing a new government

Adapted from: Addo 1. B. et al(1978). Objective English Lagos Thomas Nelson (Nig) Ltd

The following questions 16 to 25 is based on S

L. Manyika's IN DEPENCE
16. In the novel, Tayo led to Vanessa that Christine
was his
A. sister
B. niece
C. aunt
D. cousin

17. This question is based on S. L. Manyika's

IN DEPENCE
According to Tayo the two major problems of
Nigeria were
A. tribalism and religion
B. politics and culture
C. bribery and corruption
D. greed and mismanagement

18. Tayo screamed when his father took him to the

ocean because he
A. never expected the sea to look so vast
B. was almost swallowed by the sea in Lagos
C. became seasick
D. almost fell into it

19. Tayo's uncle, Kayode, wanted to study Engineering

in
A. Britain
B. U.S.A
C. France
D. Germany

20. Tayo opted to remain in Nigeria because he had a

duty to serve his
A. students
B. wife
C. friends
D. brothers

21. Suleiman's reason for becoming a Muslim in the

novel is because Islam brings sense of
A. radicalism and aggression
B. boldness and awareness
C. kindness and truthfulness
D. purpose and discipline
22. The title of the book Edward brought for Vanessa
was
A. Tel: Freedom
B. Zambia shall be Free
C. Long Walk to Freedom
D. Weep not, Child

23. Tayo wrote a biography of

A. Arthur Richardson
C. Obafemi Awolowo
B. Lord Lugard
D. Nnamdi Azikiwe

24. Wearing woolens, lamb wool cardigans, extra

socks, gloves and Balliol scarf signified that Tayo
was
A. Cold
B. Going to a party
C. Sick
D. walking in the rain

25. Mr. Richardson's advice to Tayo over his intention

to marry Vanessa was borne out of
A. affection
B. reality
C. ideology
D. optimism

From the following questions 27 - 30, select the option that best explains the information
conveyed in the sentence.

26. The painting was beautifully faked

A. The painting was a good deceptive replica
B. The painting was well-framed and displayed
C. The painting was deceptively decorated
D. The painting was carefully designed

27. The letter was being written by the principal

A. The letter had been written by the principal
B. The principal was writing the letter.
C. The principal wanted to write the letter
D. The principal wrote the letter.

28. The man's Achilles' heel is women

A. His weakness is women
B. His strength is women
C. He fights women
D. He respects women.

29. Ibrahim made me feel small

A. Ibrahim made me look stupid
B. Ibrahim made me to look humble
C. Ibrahim made me feel relevant
D. Ibrahim made me feel unimportant

30. Advising Olu to break his bad habit is like

knocking your head against a brick wall.
A. It is making a fool of you
B. It is trying the impossible
C. It is making him your enemy
D. It is asking him to beat you.

From the following questions 31 to 35 choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase in
italics

31. The student received a mild reproof from the

teacher
A. exhortation
B. opposition
C. Commendation
D. appropriation

32. The chairman is Parsimonious

A. avaricious
B. thrifty
C. generous
D. Miserly

33. The man was traitorous to our club.

A. loyal
B. known
C. treacherous
D. accustomed

34. They come here on bootless errand.

A. worthwhile
B. vain
C. delusive
D. intended

35. Mary bought outlandish costumes from the Far

East
A. conventional
B. ordinary
C. expensive
D. indig-nous

From the following questions 36 to 40, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or
phrase in italics.

36. Aisha impelled Ola to the party.

A. compelled
B. accompanied
C. invited
D. encouraged

37. This case is within the jurisdiction of the council

A. record
B. prohibition
C. authority
D. finance

38. The children received gifts from doting parents.

A nagging
B. loving
C. humble
D. docile

39. This event was a watershed in the company

A. landmark
B. blot
C. publicity
D. stain

40. He made a lucid point

A. Clear
B. strange
C. vague
D. hazy

From the following questions 41 to 50, choose the option that best completes the gap(s)
41. .....unsafe to drive at night
A. It
B. Its
C. Its'
D. It's

42. The .....event takes place every two years

A. bienial
B. biannual
C. biennial
D. bianual

43. The .....on the missing child got the police as

expected
A information have
B. informations have
C. information has
D. informations has

44. Snakes and ladders always.....me happy these

days
A. makes
B. make
C. made
D. making

45. Garba acquiesced.....their decision

A. for
B. on
C. in
D. by

46. If he ..... French he...... go to France

A. know/can
B. knew/could
C. knew/can
D. know/could

47. She said you would eat there......?

A. wouldn't she
B. doesn't she
C. won't she
D. didn't she
48. The delegates were given.....
A. a two hour break
B. a two-hour break
C. a two-hours break
D. a two hours break

49. Amina......she were a beauty queen.

A. wish
B. wishes
C. wishing
D. wished

50. .....a good boy, he was given a prize

A. To being
B. Been
C. Being
D. To been

50. .....a good boy, he was given a prize

A. To being
B. Been
C. Being.
D. To been

From the following questions 51 to 52, choose the option that has the same vowel sound:
the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

51. Shout
A. allow
B. both
C. pause
D. soul
52. Serve
A journey
B. laugh
C. bam
D. carve

From the following questions 53 to 54, choose the option that has the same consonant sound
as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

53. clash
A. sharp
B. cheap
C. leisure
D. School

54. vice
A. cat
B. dress
C. show
D. chalk

From the following questions 55 to 56, choose the option that rhymes with the given word.

55. account
A. surmount
D. astound
B. acom
C. aground

56. pad
A. paid
B. mall
C. mart
D. made

From the questions 57 to 58, choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed
syllables are written in capital letters.

57. departmental
A Departmental
B. PARTmental
C. departMENtal
D. departmenTAL

58. Judiciary
A judiciary
D. judiciary
B. judiciaRY
C. JUdiciary

From the following questions 59 to 60, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress.
Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

59. Aderonke STATED she had a right to her privacy.

A. Did Omowunmi state she had a right to her
privacy?
B. Did Aderonke lament she had a right to her
privacy?
C. Did Aderonike state she had a right to her
openness?
D. Did Aderonke state she had a right to his privacy?

60. My Boss has an amiable DISPOSITION

A Does your boss have an amiable disposition?
B. Does my boss have an unfriendly disposition?
C. Does my colleague have an amiable disposition?
D. Does my boss have an amiable complexion?

SUCCESS JAMB
USE OF ENGLISH 2018 (DOC Type Y)
COMPREHENSION
Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE A
The approach to the University is being restruc-
tured to ease the flow of traffic, give better security and
provide an appropriate introduction to a seat of higher
learning. The Works and Services Complex is also
under construction, and we intend to move into the
completed (major) part of it within the next few weeks.
All these projects are being executed with an eye
to aesthetics for we recognize the important influence
of a beautiful and healthy environment of its inhabit-
ants and feel that a cluster of buildings on a small
space such as we have should be so well designed
as to have a beneficial psychological and sociological
effect on all members of the community.
I have gone to these lengths to itemize these ex-
amples of current development for two main reasons.
Firstly, to advise you that the road diversions and other
physical inconveniences currently being experienced
will be on the increase because of intense develop-
ment activity. We therefore appeal to you to bear with
us in full knowledge and consolation that such incon-
veniences are temporary and will soon yield final tan-
gible results. Secondly, to demonstrate our capacity
for executing approved projects with dispatch, and to
assure Government that we are up to the task. Indeed,
I can assure Government that its ability to disburse
funds to us will be more than matched by our capacity
to collect and expend them on executing various wor-
thy projects in record time.

1. From the passage we can gather that

A. there is not much consideration for the health of the inhabitants
B. there is deliberate effort to inconvenience the people
C. buildings are put up anyhow
D. projects are carried out without approval
E. the inconveniences suffered by the inhabitants will be for a while

2. Unless it can be shown that the money voted for

projects can be spent on them in good time
A. the development activity will not be intense
B. it will not be easy to convince the Government of our executive ability
C. it will not be difficult to ask Government for funds
D. our final results will be unreliable
E. the road diversions and other inconveniences
will continue

3. An eye for aesthetics in this passage means

A. regard for space word
B. beneficial psychological effects
C. regard for health
D. consideration for beauty
E. a cluster of buildings alone

4. In this passage the author tries to explain why

A. it is necessary to establish the Works and
Services Complex in the University
B. beauty should not be taken into consideration
when building on such a small space as we have
C. the gateway to the University is being rebuilt
D. a major part of the project should be completed in the next few weeks
E. visitors should be debarred from using the gates in the meantime.

5. Which of these is NOT among the reasons given

by the author for enumerating the examples of the
current development?
A. To show that we are capable of executing
approved projects
B. To convince the Government that we can be
trusted with the task
C. The inconvenience currently being experienced will go on indefinitely
D. We are fully aware of the inconveniences being caused but we do not want to complain
E. We have the capacity to complete worthy See projects within the scheduled time

PASSAGE II
By the time a child has reached the age of two
years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'.
This is not the same as the lay use of term. Although
there is a connection. The psychologist means that
the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension
of his mother. This awareness is shown in such
behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the
word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware
that he does not have to obey parental commands.
Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given
throughout these two years first for the child's own
safety e.g. Don't touch the fire' and secondly, so that he
begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An
adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions
partly because he has developed a concept or idea of
time. The young child lacks this concept and is
governed by immediate desires which must be
fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused
for not behaving morally, i.e making the choice which
is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he
knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature
adults can also behave in this self centred way.

6. The immature adult is like the child because

A. he has just become self-conscious.
B. he has learnt to use the word ‘no’
C. he has no concept of time
D. some of his actions are deliberately irrational

7. What main difference is mentioned between the

child and the adult?
A. Age difference B. Weight difference
C. Time Difference
D. Developmental Difference

8. What right has the mother to give orders to the

Child? has the mother to go
A. She is the 'owner' of the child A
B. She is stronger than the child
C. She under stands the environmental better
than the child
D. She is more self-conscious than the child

9. The two-year old child begins to refuse orders

A. in order to annoy his parents
B. because he does not not understand them
C. to assert his independence
D. because he has just learnt the new word 'no'

10. What kind of awareness does the child

demonstrate at two?
A. That he does not love his mothers
B. Consciousness of all things around him
C. That he should think of himself alone
D. That he is different and separate from others.

PASSAGE III
Time was when boys used to point toy guns and
say 'Bang!'. Now, they aim real guns and shoot one
another. Nearly 4,200 teenagers were killed by
firearms in 1990. Only motor vehicle accidents kill
more teenagers than firearms and the firearms figures
are rising. The chance that a black male between the
ages of 15 and 19 will be killed by a gun has almost
tripled since 1985 and almost doubled for white males,
according to the National Centre for Health Statistics.
Who could disagree with Health and Human
Services Secretary, Donna Shalala, when she
pronounced these statistics 'frightening and
intolerable? In the shameful light of this 'waste of
young lives' in Ms. Shalala's words, an often-asked
question seems urgently due to be raised again: Would
less violence on television -the surrounding
environment for most children and young adults
make violence in actual life less normal, less accepted,
less horrifying?
Sir It may be difficult to prove an exact correlation
between the viewer of fantasized violence and the
criminal who acts out violence after turning off the set.
But if the premise of education is granted - that good
models can influence the young - then it follows that
bad models can have an equivalent harmful effect.
This is the reasonable hypothesis held by 80 per cent
of the respondents to a recent Times Mirror poll who
think that violent entertainment is 'harmful to society
90 Witness enough mimed shootouts, see enough
'corpses' fall across the screen, and the taking of a
human life seems no big deal. Even if a simple causal
relationship cannot be established between watching
violence and acting it out, is not this numbed sensitivity
reason enough for cutting back on the overkill in films
and TV?
From: The Christian science Monitor, April 16-22,
In 1993, p. 20, CSPS, Boston, MA, USA.

11. From the passage, it can be inferred that since

1985
A. more black mates between the ages of 15 and 19 have been getting killed by guns
B. more white than black males have been getting killed by guns
C. more black males between the ages of 15
and 19 have been killing one another with
guns
D. more black than white males have been
killing one another with guns.

12. In Secretary Donna Shalala's view, the situation

depicted by the statistics is
A. disturbing and conducive
B. topical and intimidating
C. tense and reassuring
D. alarming and unbearable.

13. The writer says 'the firearms figures are rising'

Because
A. more teenagers are now getting killed by firearms than by motor vehicle accidents
B. more teenagers now carry firearms than used to be the case
C. more teenagers are now getting killed by
firearms than used to be the case
D. firearms now have figures that are terribly
high

14. What will actually be proved 'if the premise of

education is granted'?
A. Violence on television encourages violence
in the real life.
B. Good models can influence the young
C. Entertainment on television is harmful to society
D. The viewer of fantasized violence is the
criminal who acts out violence

15. The writer uses 'numbed sensitivity to refer to

A heartlessness on the part of actors
B. deadening of the capacity to feel
C. objectionable behaviour
D. unreasonable violence

PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25.
Immediately following each gap, four options are
provided. Choose the most appropriate option for
each gap.
Drought is a word that invokes strong emotions. This
is not surprising as the ..... 16.... [A. ideology B. pheno-
menon C. idea D. component is usually accompa-
nied by a number of unpleasant developments. These
developments have .....17.... [A. feedback B. results
C. implications D. outcomes) for all citizens, starting
from the peasant farmers to the state and federal gov-
ernments which may be plunged into emergency and
crisis situation which, if not successfully ..... 18.... [A.
managed B. manipulated C. examined D. studied)
could result in social unrest.
The timeliness of the onset of the rains in various
regions of the country and their adequate distribution
thereafter have become .....19.... [A. object B. sub-
jects C. issues D. topics of considerable anxiety to
all people. The fact, however
, is that periodic in the normal .....20.... [A. amount B. supply C. S..
D. flood) of rainfall in the country is not new.
Since large areas of the country are drought prone,
the consequences are .....21.... [A. effective B. disastrous C. evident D. inevitable). Dry spells could
be very severe. There are two aspects of coping with
drought. One has to do with emergency measures
and the other with .....22.... [A. routine B. organized C.
urgent D. delayed] measures. An immediate consequence of any drought would be famine. In addition, where
whole populations are forced to abandon their
lands or pastures in search of food, there are bound to
be other lasting and .....23... (A. longitudinal B. object-
tive C. simultaneous D. parallel consequences
such as distress, sales of cattle by livestock owners in
order to buy food. /lyesents to atte arti assis
Government should provide farmers with agricultural inputs and ensure that they have easy access tothese
inputs under the relief .....24.... [A. action B.
process C. scheme D. plan] Emergency measures
will be much more .....25.... [A. normal B. correct C.
idealistic D. effective) if a mechanism is established to ensure
adequate preparedness and defence against the occurence of drought.

LEXIS, STRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS

In each of questions 26 to 30, select the option that explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

26. In spite of his humble beginning. Audu now throws

his weight around
A. Audu is arrogant despite his simple
upbringing
B. Despite his obvious poverty, Audu is a proud
man.
C. His noble birth notwithstanding, Audu is a
proud man
D. From his poor background, Audu is now a
rich man

27. Ngozi has always considered her father to be an

impassioned man
А. Her father is a very lively man
B. Her father is an emotional man
C. Her father is a disciplined mand
D. Her father is a very strict man

28. The elders rebuked Olu for taking issue with his
principal
A Olu was cautioned for shouting at his principal
B. Olu was scolded for acting in collusion with
his principal
C. Olu was reprimanded for arguing with his principal
D. Olu was blamed for issuing a statement denying his principal

29. The manager paid us in hard currency

A. We were paid in new notes
B. We were paid in foreign currency
C. We were paid in dollars and pound sterling
D. We were paid in a strong and stable currency

30. If he went to London, he would see the Queen

A. When he goes to London, he will see the
Queen
B. He did not go to London and did not see the
Queen
C. He did not see the Queen when he went to
London
D. He would like to see the Queen when he goes
to London

In each of questions 31 to 50, choose the most

appropriate option opposite in meaning to the word(s)
or phrase in italics.

31. Good students can easily identify spurious

arguments.
A genuine
B. interesting
C. false
D. illogical

32. Eze's skin now looks flabby as a result of his

changed circumstances.
A. neat
B. firm
C. weak
D. oily

33. He and his lieutenants have been accused of

remaining intransigent.
A rigid
B. stubborn
C. compromising
D. popular

34. In the opinion of most observers, it was a

disinterested decision.
A neutral
B. impartial
C. biased
D. candid

35. We watched in wonder as she rattled away in the

esoteric language.
A. inscrutable
B. familiar
C. secret
D. obscure

36. She was asked to swallow her pride and get busy.
A. be more realistic
B. eat up her own pride
C. be more insistent
D. be less proud

37. Many species in creation have mutated over the

years into new forms of life.
A stabilized
B. manifested
C. transformed
D. standardized

38. His textile business deals are in gross

A. wholesale
B. imported
C. retailed
D. exported

39. The government is initiating new effective

programmes to boost production.
A. ending/enhance
B. reviewing/renew
C. rearranging/increase
D. terminating/reduce

40. The culprit unwittingly subjected himself to great

humilation.
A. cunningly
B. curiously
C. foolishly
D. subtly

41. The masses are controlled by the whims and caprices of their rules
A. wish
B. parochialism
C. will power
D. level-headedness

42. In his quest for solidarity, the party leader

undertook a nation-wide tour.
A. unity
B. resistance
C. mobilization
D. re-organization

43. Our party is wielding potent political power

A. assuming
B. renouncing
C. restoring
D. reappraising

44. The ruier expects full allegiance from his subjects

at all times.
A. obedience
B. homage
C. disloyalty
D. disapproval

45. In spite of many days of fasting, Musa is still

fastidious about his food.
A particular
B. undecided
C. indifferent
D. unmindful

46. The leader called for concerted efforts in order to

get over the problems.
A. combined
B. definite
C. disparate
D. isolated

47. The video tape recorder was made obsolete by

the introduction of the satellite dish.
A. antiquated
B. useless
C. fashionable
D. functional

48. Segun is somebody who always follows his own

inclinations
A. impulses
B. aversions
C. dispositions
D. deviations

49. The poor man is compelled to languish in his

poverty-stricken situation.
A. luxuriate in
B. deteriorate in
C. suffer in
D. laugh at

50. The engineers have been urged to make a

prototype of the long-awaited Nigerian car
A specimen
B. original
C. copy
D. drawing

51. The commander said that the battle would be sustained, total and relentless
A brutal
B. fierce
C. innocuous
D. continuous

52. His loss suddenly became redeemable.

A. repulsive
B. incurable
C. exclusive
D. recoverable

53. The move to expel the chairman was sanctioned

by members of the party.
A. opposed
B. supported
C. unleashed
D. initiated

54. After the meeting, I read a leer on his face as he

looked at the woman
A. bad look
B. satisfying meaning
C. poor smile
D. pleasant disposition

55. The plane has gone awry

A. wrong
B. wild
C. well
D. wide
56. Because Jamiu is also easily offended, he was
not considered for the post of head boy.
A. troublesome
B. stubborn
C. docile
D. irritable

57. The witness provided a monstrous account of the event

A. shocking
C. supportive
B. verbatim
D. tragic

58. He is a prolific writer.

A. an influential
C. a clever
B. a very productive
D. a well-known

59. The chairman advised the participants to follow

or convention in stating their points.
A. eloquence
B. prudence
C. tradition
D. advice

60. The recommended novel has a convoluted theme

A. an attractive
B. a simple
C. a complicated
D. a disgusting

61. The government has announced its preparedness

for the scheme
A. determination
B. pleasure
C. readiness
D. regret

In each of questions 62 to 64, choose the option that

has the same stress pattern as the given word.

62. dovetail
A proviso
B. jargon
C. simplicity
D. psychiatry

63. apparent
A paragraph
B. arrested
C. appetite
D. telephone

64. unfair do
A first-class
B. instant
C. insight

In each of questions 65 and 66, choose the option

that has the stress on the first syllable.
65. A mature
B. madam
C. frequent (verb)
D. convict (verb)

66. A pronounce
B. prepare
C. provoke
D. insult
In each of questions 67 and 68, choose the appropri-
ate stress pattern from the options. The syllables
are written in capital letters.

67. Catholicism
A catholicism
B. cathoLIcism
C. CAtholicism
D. CaTHOlicism

68. genealogy
A. geneaLOgy
B. GEnealogy
C. geNEalogy
D. geneALogy

In each of questions 69 and 70, choose the option

that has a different stress pattern from the others.
69. A syllabus
B. competent
C. quality
D. represent

70. A. registration
B. quadruplicate
C. ability
D. revivalist

In each of questions 71 to 80, select the option that

best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

71. The class has fallen in with the teacher's plans.

A The class has accepted the plans.
B. The class has ignored the plans.
C. The class has modified the plans
D. The class has rejected the plans.

72. I owe you far less than you owe me

A. I owe you something, but you owe me much
more
B. Your debt is not much greater than mine.
C. What we owe each other is approximately the same
D. My debt to you is greater than yours to me
73. Ogiri takes after his father; he fawns upon anyone
with influence
A. Ogiri, who looks like his father, follows rich
and influential people about
B. Ogiri, who always follows his father, tries to
act life an influential person
C. like his father, Ogiri hates influential people
D. like his father, Ogiri likes to flatter people with
be influence in society bonito

74. He had hardly spoken when the bell rang.

A. he found it difficult to speak, and then the bell
rang
B. The bell rang very soon after he spoke.
C. When the bell rang, he was still speaking
D. He spoke in a harsh manner and the bell rang

75. After the war, the victors became increasingly vindictive

A. Repressive measures were taken against
those who lost the war
B. Those who won the war became treacherous
C. Vengeful attacks were incessantly carried
out on those who lost the war
D. Friendly measures were taken to heal the
wounds

76. I think she takes her guardian's support for granted. .

А. She wants her guardian to grant her more support
be
B. Her guardian has been helping her for long
time, but she does not show enough gratitude
C. She thinks her guardian will no longer sup-
port her as he has been doing.
D. Her guardian has been helping her for a long
time, and she is very grateful to him

77. You are to write a report and give it to the security office.
A. After writing your report, give it to the security office.
B. You are writing a report, as the security office directed
C. You have been ordered to write a report, which
you will give to security office.
D. The report you are writing should be given to
the security office.
78. The dispute over land acquisition has now come
to our head.
A. The problem has now been referred to the
headquarters.
B. Because of the dispute, land acquisition has
now been halted
C. The problem has now been solved
D. The problem has reached crisis proportions.

79. In our college, the regulations concerning resist

are a grey area.
А. The regulations have often been ignored
B. The regulations are not very clear
C. The regulations have just been revised
D. The regulations are perfectly clear

80. The prefect reeled off names of all the students

who broke the library law.
А. The prefect gave an accurate list of the students who broke into the school library
B. The prefect omitted the names of the stu-
dents who broke into the library
C. the prefect submitted a complete list of the
students who stole library books.
D. The prefect gave a disjointed list of the stu-
dents in the law library

In each of questions 81 to 100, choose the option that best completes the gap(s)

81. The brave hunter killed the... [A. big spitting black
cobra B. big black spitting cobra C. black big
spitting cobra D. big spitting black cobra] in the forest.

82. The... (A. benevolent B. loquacious C. sense-

less D. ruthless] robber showed no mercy during the
attack.

83. Despite all preparations, the wedding did not (A.

come by B. come off C. come along D. come
on]

84. Olu brought his clothes and those of his... (A. el-
der brothers B. senior brother's C. senior
brother D. elder brother's).
85. His family hardly misses the news because he
goes about with his... [A. pottable B. pointable
C. portable D. potable) radio.

86. Did you have... [A. diarrhae B. diarhoea

C. diahrea D. diarrhoea] when you went to visit
the medical doctor?

87. If he... (A. had applied B. will apply C. has ap-

plied D. applied] for admission, I am sure he would
succeed.

88. The investigation Commission has treated all the

... [A. protests B. applications C. petitions
D. enquiries] submitted to it by the warring factions.

89. The police claim that a number of stolen cars...

(A. has been B. have been c. have being
D. has being) recovered. annunciat sie

90. Everybody is allowed to... (A. show B. air C. hear

D. share] his view on state matters.

91. For beating... his course mate, Agbaji was...9

(A. away/sent out B. on/expelled C.at/removed.
D. up/rusticated] from the university.

92. The old man was rushed to hospital when his

blood pressure dropped to a... [A. danger-
ous low B. dangerous lowly C. dangerously low D. dangerously lowly) level.

93. Until he lost the election, Agbo... (A. would have

hoped B. had been hoping C. has been hoping
D. has hoped] to be the student Union President.

94. [A. He'll B. He is C. He's D. is he] been there

to look for her several times without success.

95. He wrote to you,... [A. hadn't he B. wouldn't

he C. hasn't he D. didn't he]?

96. Our neighbour was attracted by the... [A. scent

B. flavour C. aroma D. stench] from my mothers
cooking.
97. The clubs were not... (A. founded B. funded
C. created D. found) on a solid ethical base.
vina

98. We have been living peacefully here but... [A. again

B. occasionally C. eventually D. slowly] hear
rumours of war

99. I watched him as he... [A. is digging B. dugged

C. dug D. digs) the hole.

100. Your performance will improve if you... [A. practise

B. would practise C. practised D. are practising]
hard.

JAMB 2019 USE OF ENGLISH COMPREHENSION

Read each passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE I
The young are not listening to their elders, and
perhaps they never have. But now it happens that, with
many of them, the reason may be medical. The young
aren't listening because they can't hear. Just as
nagging parents have long suspected, otologists
(hearing specialists) now report that youngsters are
going deaf as a result of blasting their eardrums with
electronically amplified rock 'n' roll.romeda
The hearing specialist used to worry about loud
noise as a cause of deafness only in industrial and
military situations. They knew that eight hours of daily
exposure, year in and year out, to the din of the
proverbial boiler factory, would eventually result in
permanent hearing loss. Riveters were particularly
susceptible. Then they learned that the same thing
happened to aviators. After the advent of jets, the hazard
applied to ground crews at airports and flight-deck
personnel aboard aircraft carriers - hence the
introduction of insulated, noise-absorbing plastic
earmuffs.
In discotheques and rock 'n' roll joints, the trouble
is not so much in the instruments themselves, or the
close quarters. The blame goes to the electronic
amplifiers. An old-fashioned military band, playing a
march in Ramat Park, generated as much sound. But
the sound was not amplified and was dissipated in
the open air. A trombonist sitting in front of a tuber player
might be a bit deaf for an hour or so after a concert;
then his hearing returned to normal. What did was
multiple microphones and speakers, and the
installation of internal microphones in such
instruments as guitars and bouzoukis

1. The young are not listening to their elders because

À they never have
B. their parents nag constantly
C. they are permanently deaf
D. they appear to be going deaf.
2. Just as nagging parents have long suspected'
implies that the parents suspected that
A. their children did not listen to them
B. children could not hear properly after
listening to amplified music
C. otologists were always right
D. children were disobedient because they did
not listen to their parents

3. What is the result of being subjected to the din of

the proverbial boiler factory for a prolong length of
time?
A. A loss of hearing which will never improve
B. total deafness eight hours a day
C. Temporary deafness
D. hearing loss which can be corrected by
medical treatment
4. The same thing happened to aviators' This except,
according to the passage means
A the rivers were particularly susceptible
B. industrial and military deafness
C. that continued loud noise resulted in
deafness
D. that working in a boiler factory affected
one's hearing
5. What is the difference between an old-fashioned
military band on the one hand and discotheques
and rock'n'roll joints on the other?
A One is old-fashioned while the other is
modern
B. One produces sounds for marching, the
other for disco
C. One has drums, the other has guitars
D. One produces amplified sounds, the other
does not

PASSAGE II
The preparation which a study of the humanities
can provide, stems from three observations about
education in our world of accelerating social and
technological change. First with the rate of change, we
cannot hope to train our students for specific
technologies. That kind of vocational education is
obsolescent. By the time the specific training will have
been completed, the world will have moved on. If our
education consists of narrow training, we will not be
prepared to change. Second, and paradoxically, what
our students desire from their education is preparation
for specific careers - business, engineering, medicine,
computer programming and the like, but we will not be
able to train them for a life-long career. Their confronting
the depressed job market gives our students a certain
anxiety, but the solution they seek in vocational training
is not sufficient. Third, we sense in our students a
narrowing materialism, with the good life defined in
terms of material comforts. Education then means
learning to do a job which will make money. I see in
this definition a limiting sense of what humanities
responds to these three related problems. In our
changing, yet narrowing world, the teaching of the
humanities finds one powerful; justification - it teaches
students how to think.

6. 'Our world of accelerating social and technological

change' means that
A. our world is moving too fast socially and
technologically
B. our world is gong through more rapid, social
and technological change.
C. the social and technological change is more
exhilarating than before.
D. the social and technological change is
accelerating our

7. What is the major weakness of training students

for specific technologies
A it trains students for only one type of career
B. It helps students to acquire money later
when they are employed
C. It makes them anxious for a job in the
market
D. It cannot help students to cope with the
rapid changes in the world,

8. 'We sense in our students a narrowing materialism'

means that our students' concept of education is
one that
A prepares them for money joy and meaning
B. makes them ready to confront the
depressed job market
C. only prepares them to acquire materials
comforts.
D. trains them for a life-long career.
9. According to the writer, a study of the humanities
A is accepted by present day students as
essential
B. prepares students for specific careers
C. provides a missing link in the technological
education of our students
D. is the best solution to the problem of
unemployment

10. What type of education does the writer advocate

for our students?
A. Vocational as well as technological
education
B. Business, engineering, medicine and computer programming
C. Technological education plus the humanities
D. Technological education only.

PASSAGE III

Though assumption is the lowest level of knowl-

edge; it is still a form of knowledge, and knowledge is
key. Asssumptions are the foundation upon whivh in-
terpretations and conclusions are built. Everything in
life operates under certain assumptions.
assumptions.com
We make management decisions based on the
assumptions we hold about how management ought
to function and how people ought to be governed. For
some of us, we consciously imbibe assumptions and
principles about life and consciously decide based on
them; for others, it is unconsciously but potent all the
same. Our assumptions will either drown us or help
us soar through life.
We have always seen life as
ways seen life as an immense man-
sion with many rooms. Some rooms lead to wealth
via ferrately, we decide where
we end up; and life, thus far, has proved that not every
one of us decided well. We all behave differently where
we have different levels of understanding, and behave
the same way where our understanding is the same.
because we all understand the consequences
of not eating. We all wear clothes because each of us
comprehends lunacy. The list goes on and on. It is
inevitable that some of us will make choices that get
and keep us on the lower rung of the ladder by reason
of exposure, training or some other variables. Life is
about role playing. We choose our roles wisely or foolishly
consciously or unconsciously. Some of us get
wiser to new levels of self-awareness enough to re-
define our roles, others make no effort to build further
capacity and therefore remain where they are.
It is based on these realities that we draw the
conclusion that not everyone will be wealthy in life. We
lead, inspire and motivate people to strive and suc-
ceed. It is also important that we paint the full and true
picture of life so that we can discourage vain pursuits.
Balance must be enthroned as a critical component of
truth, and people know, for instance, that the top' is
not a place that all must ascend.
Our greatest consolation lies in our deep convic-
tion that true prosperity is in fulfilment through hard
work than in intangible acquisitions. There are set roles
that some of us have been wired up to play in life but
which we are not content enough to play because so-
ciety esteems such roles to be inferior. Take the al-
most sacred office of a teacher for instance, there are
people who have the natural gifts and inclinations to
be school teachers. But the teaching profession, as it
is, does not appear to be lucrative. So we have people
who would have been more fulfilled and effective work-
ing as school teachers serving in banks.

11. According to the writer, people lead and motivate

others because they want to
A. project individual contribution
B. encourage selfless service
C. make the world a home
D. prevent empty search.

12. According to the passage, balance must be en-

throned because it is
A. a critical interdependent functional
B. an amazing help for consciences
C. a critical part of fidelity
D. a serious way of ensuring success.
13. The word inclinations, as used in the passage,
means
A. creeds
B. tendencies
C. inhibitions
D. power

14. Which of the following statements is true accord-

ing to the passage?
A Greatness in life emerges when square pegs
are put in round holes.
B. People do certain things in life because they
know the repercussion.
C. People agree on all issues and behave the same way for the same reason.
D. Understanding life at different levels gives no
accounts of visible acquisition.
15. From the passage, it can be inferred that
A. people insincerely discuss facts that govern
their behaviour.
B. all managerial decisions are based on assumptions.
C. people make conscious efforts to acquire hid-
den knowledge.
D. all things in life exist on some beliefs

PASSAGE IV
Believe it or not, change is to human existence what
the blood is to the human body. We live in an era of
amazing ... 16... (A. well-defined B. fast-paced C.
favourable D. Social change spawned by advanc-
ing technology and industrialization. However, man's
.... 17.... [A. knowledge of B. attitude to C. commit-
ment to D. opinion of promoting and defending
change in a delibrate effort to establish .... 18.... (A. cus-
toms B. companies C. trade-zones D. variations)
that stimulates advancement for man's concern is prov-
ing unfavourable to the to the climate with threatening
....19.... [A. repercussions B. clouds C. pressure
D. implication)
Human-induced climate change has awakened
widespread concern across the globe. As a matter of
fact, climate change is now ....20.... (A. an acceptable
B. a foremost C. the only D. the last global issue
It is a major test of Africa's ....21.... [A. popularity B.
energy C. ingenuity D. incapability! The fourth
Assessment Report (AR4) of the intergovernmental
Panel on Climate disturbances in human ....22....(A.
geography B. societies C. systems D. life) and
ecosystems. The IPCC reports that the world has
warmed by an average of 0.76°C since pre-industrial
times. The rising global ....23....[A. command B.
demand C. warming D. supply for energy and the
adverse changes in the climate put the earth and its
inhabitants in a catch-22 situation.
Again, if the effects of climate change on each
were commensurate with the level of greenhouse
....24....(A. structure B. paints C. emulsion D.
emissions) it spews out, perhaps Africa would have
been spared and would probably be just an amused
spectator. But as it is, this is not the case. Here again,
we see well meaning global citizens appealing for the
rest of the world to take rsponsibility for the problems
of Africa, a strategy that cannot, thus far, be termed
......... JA. notabie 6. liable C. crediblc D. flexible]

LEXIS, STRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS

26. Hardworking students must not have a finger in
every pie at school.
A Hardworking students must have a role to
play in most activities in the school.
B. Only hardworking students must participate
in all activities in the school.
C. Hardworking students do not participate in
all activities in the school.
D. Hardworking students must others to particip-
ate in school activitites.

27. The vice chancellor is riding the crest of the last

quarter of his administration.
A. The vice chancellor enjoy the acknowledge-
ment of the success of his administration.
B. The vice chancellor does not enjoy the people's
criticism of his administration.
C. The vice chancellor hopes to overcome soon,
the poor comments on his administration.
D. The vice chancellor does not talk of his success in office.

28. She was absolved by the court from the charge

A She was convicted for the charge
B. She was blamed and charged to court
C. Her case was resolved by the court.
D. She was declared free from the charge.

29. The landlord is fond of throwing his weight about

A The landlord likes healthy exercise
B. The landlord is overweight
C. The landlord gives orders to people
D. The landlord is respected by the tenants

30. The company ought to have issued warrants for

one billion shares.
A. The company has issued one billion shares.
B. The management expected the company to
issue more than one billion shares.
C. Memebers of the compnay bought less than
one billion shares.
D. The company did not issue one billion shares.

31. He needed not to have played in the position of

quarterback in volley ball.
A. He participated in the game in his unusual
position.
B. Nobody expected him to have participated in
the game.
C. He wanted to play in a position other than the
one he was offered.
D. Someone did not want him to play in the posi-
tion that he played.

32. I would't have responded to his rude talk, if i were

you.
Ā. The advice was taken by the respondent, so
he did not respond to the talk.
B. The adviser put himself in the respondent's
position, so he did not respond to the talk.
C. The respondent replied to the speakers's
talk, although he ought not have done so.
D. What was advisable was that the respondent
gave back to the speaker
33. he could not speak out because he had to the or
A. His feet was muddy
B. He was weak and cowardly
Ć Me was clumsy and lazy
D. He was shy and timid

34. The player wasted a golden opportunity during the

penalty shoot-out
A The player first hit the bar
B. The player did not score the shot
C. The player scored the shot that made them win the gold cup
D. instead of a silver cup, they received the golden
one

35. As far as Abu is concerned, Mero should be giver

A. All Abu is saying is that Mero probably deserves
more than fifty naira and not less
B. All Abu is concerned with is that Mero should
be given nothing more than fifty naira
C. in Abu's estimation, Mero merits not more
than fifily naira.
D. In Abu's opinion, Mero deserves fifty naira o
probably more

In each of question 36 to 50, choose the option oppo

site in meaning to the word or phrase in italics

36. As an idiot, the boy is weak in class

A. a deviant
B. a dunce
C. an expert
D. a genius

37 We were shocked by the news that he had lost the

money
A. astonished
B. disconcerted
C. unconcerned
D. surprised

38. The principal was advised to be flexible on critical

issues
A. livid
B. cautious
C. evasion
D. rigid
39 Bola always looks sober
A. excited
B. serious
C. worried
D. hapless

40. Dupe was promoted for her efficiency

A. ability
B. incompetence
C. inconsistency
D. rudeness

41 The management wants to consider her reticent

behaviour in due course
A. disapproving
B. disciplinarian
C. contemplative
D. loquacious

42 Election processes often become volatile

A. calm
B. strange
C. sudden
D. tarent

43 Oche entered the principal's office in a rather at

A. gentle
B. rude
C. lackadaisical
D. indifferent

44 Otokpa is a member of the ad hoc committee on

stock acquisition
A. improvised
B formal
C. temporary
D. fad finding

45 His gift to the poor was always infinitesimal

A. large
B. Small
C. supportive
D. Shameful
46. The economist concluded that several factors have
been adduced to explain the fall in the birth rate.
A. affirmed
B. diffused
C. mentioned
D. refuted

47. The presidential system is an antidote to some

political ailments.
A. an answer
B. a reply
C. an inquiry
D. an obstacle

48. Ola thought that her father was very callous

A. parlous
B. compassionate
C. wicked
D. cheerful

49. He was very much respected, though he had no

temporal power.
A spiritual
B. mundane
C. permanent
D. ephemeral

50. The way the workshop was organized was rather

hit-and-miss.
A systematic
B. hasty
C. slow
D. funny

In each of question $1 to 65, choose the option near

est in meaning to the word or phrase in italics.

51. Some men will continue to cause offences until

they are given a taste of their own medicine,
B. revenged on
C. recompensed for
D. cured
52. Okibe was rusticated for his derogatory remark about the principal
A. complementary
B. unsavoury
C. unwarranted
D. lackluster

53. Justice is difficult to enforce because people are

unwilling to accept any loss of sovereignty.
A. autonomy
B. position
C. leadership
D. kingdom
54. There are still virtuous women in our society today.
A. clever
B. upright
C. devilish
D. intelligent

55. The type of response is typical of a lazy teacher

A symptomatic
B. characteristic
C. universal
D. incontestable

56. Akin is an inveterate gambler.

A. a selfish and self-centered
B. an extremely unlucky but popular
C. an incurable but fearful
D. A long time and incorrigible

57. He was too petrified to give the closing remarks at

the conference.
A. frightened
B. delighted
C. agitated
D. happy

58. During a particular time of the day, the road shimmers

in the heat.
A. darkens
B. lightens
C. shine
D. beams
59. Every human being is vulnerable to communicable
diseases.
A. liable
B. lifted
C. immured
D. closed

60 Mariam looks rather furtive to Shehu.

A. intoxicated
B. unfriendly
C. sad
D. sly

61. The student's union leader delivered his speech

extempore.
A. out-of-hand
B. off the cuff
C. accurately
D. courageously

62. His story gave us an inkling of what he passed

through during the strike
A. a possible idea
B. a taste
C. a summary
D. the right view

63. These policies have been expoused by the ruling

party
A. condemned
B. rejected
C. supported
D. outlined

64. We must not foreclose reconciliation as the purpose of his trip

A exclude
B. consider
C. underestimate
D. forgo

65. Her findings exploded widely held beliefs about

learning
A. challenged
B. debunked
C. projected
D. confirmed

For this questions 66 - 85, choose the option that best

completes the gap(s).

66. ..., you should put in some effort.

A However tired you are
B. However tired are you
C. However you are tired
D. However are you tired

67. Bola works in.....

A with a meagre school resources
B. a school with meagre resources
C. school with a meagre resources
D. a resource school meagre with

68. There are...... I need to buy

A. lot of thing that
B. lots of things that
C. lot of things that
D. lots of thing that

69. It is generally.....that we should eat less fat and

more vegetables
A. agreeing
B. to agreed
C. to agree
D. agreed

70. Laraba couldn't do it as expected......?

A wasn't she
B. could she
C. didn't she
D, was she

71. A.....seminar was organised by the society

A. two-day
B. two-days
C. two day
D. two days

72. Ado struck Isa with.....blow across his shoulder.

A. mightily
B. a mighty
C. mightiest
D. the mightier

73. Tunde and Kola were not supposed to attend the

party.....?
A were they
B. wasn't they
C. weren't they
D. isn't they

74. The two friends agreed....each other on the issue

A with
B. to
C. by
D.on

75. Abiola is........

A. uses to wake up early
B. used to waking up early
C. use to wake up early del
D. using to wake up early

76. ....you do, slow down and take your time

A. Whatever
B. However
C. Wherever
D. Whenever

77. The allegation was a further source.... embarrassment

Agreed
A. with
B. of
C. in
D. for

78 The man ... he... complete the house

A said/couldn't
B. say/can't
C Said/can't
D. saying/couldn't

79. The new manager has to his staff

A. a disposition pleasant friendly
B. a pleasant friendly disposition
С. a disposition friendly pleasant
D. a friendly disposition pleasant

80. My sister plays tennis with

A. he's
B. his
C. he
D. him

81. "We detest these declared the woman

A. types of programme
B. type of programmes
C. types of programmes
D. type of programme

82 Lima doesn't like working in the dark

A. has she
B. does she
С. will she
D. did she

83. Oboro will always his friends

A. stand up for
B. stand down for
C. stand across for
D. stand beside for

84. She arrived air for the occassion

A. for
B. in
C. with
D. by

85. Audu overbalanced and the water

A. fell into
B. fell from
C. fell for
D. fell at

For this question, choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s)
underlined
86. Bore
A. call
B. curt
C. slot
D. hum

87. Head
A. said
B. heard
C. herd
D. shirt

For this questions, choose the option that rhymes with

the given word.

88. Suite
A tree
B. breath
C. bleat
D. sweet

89. Cart
A lash
B. Cat
C. part
D. pack

90. Sight
A skate
B. short
C. cite
D. plait

From the following questions 53 to 54, choose the option that has the same consonant sound as the one
represented by the letter(s) underlined.

91. clash
A sharp B. cheap
C. leisure D. School
92. vice
A cat
B. dress
C. show
D. chalk
From the questions 57 to 58, choose the most appropriate stress pattern from the options. The stressed
syllables are written in capital letters.

93. departmental
A DEpartmental B. dePARTmental
C. departMENtal
D. departmenTAL

94. Judiciary
A judiCIAry
B. judiciaRY
C. Judiciary
D. juDIciary

From the following questions 59 to 60, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress
Choose the option to which the given sentence relates

95 Aderonke STATED she had a right to her privacy

A. Did Omowunmi state she had a right to her
privacy?
B. Did Aderonke lament she had a night to her
privacy?
C. Did Aderonke state she had a right to her
openness?
D. Did Aderonke state she had right to his privacy?

96. My Boss has an amiable DISPOSITION

A. Does your boss have an amiable disposition?
B. Does my boss have an unfriendly disposition?
C. Does my colleague have an amiable disposition?
D. Does my boss have an amiable complexion?

97. Adamu is leaving a CAR behind.

A. is Adamu driving the car in front?
B. who is leaving a car behind?
C where is Adamu leaving a car?
D. What is Adamu leaving behind

98. Lambusa TOOK OFF the wig.

A. What did Lambusa do?
B. Did Lambusa take off a wig?
C. Did Lambusa take off the ring?
D. Who took off the wig?
99. The bed is IN the room
A. Was the bed in the room?
B. What is in the room?
C. Where is the bed?
D. is the bed in the parlour?

100. My mother bought a BICYCLE yesterday

A. whose mother bought a bicycle yesterday?
B. Did my mother steal a bicycle yesterday?
C. When did my mother buy a bicycle?
D. What did my mother buy yesterday?

USE OF ENGLISH 2020

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows

PASSAGE A
The growth in the world's population is in
observance of the divine mandate and effective
management of the world health system through
legislation enactment and sensitization,
In the past, the growing human population was
reduced through scarcity of food, flood, earth quakes,
wars etc. But in this time and age man have found
solution to some of the mentioned catalyst to death
among the human population, there is now a clarior
call to man to take responsibility in reducing the world's
population, that may culminate in food scarcity by
conciously sensitizing the people on the benefit of
family planning
1. The writer of the passage observes that
A. That population was for the good of all
B. That high population rate was danderous
to all
C. That without population the world would be
empty
D. That population explosion is outdated

2. One of the statement does not represent the

writer's opinion
A. That the man's relationship concerning life
and death is not a happy one
B. That the man's relationship concerning life
and death is a happy one
C. That the man's relationship concerning life
and death should be left to God
D. That the man's relationship concerning life
and death is a matter of choice

3.The main theme of the passage is that

A. That man should continue in procreation
B. That the world is wicked in promoting death
among people
C. That man should engage in birth control
D. The effective control of death rate

4. The word catalyst as used in the passage means

A. Way out
B. AID to
C. catalyed way
D. increasing death rate

5. According to the passage the writer is concerned

A. population increase to enhance economic
growth
B. effective management of population
C. to allow for natural population management
D. to allow God manage the population

PASSAGE B
In this age of Air transportation, as travel becomes
easier, quicker and expensive, more and still more
visitors from all over the world are attracted to Africa by
the thrill of seeing the beauty of nature. They visit the
vast plains the equatorial rain forest, the lakes and
rivers, the mountains ranges and the great semi-arid
veld of Africa. The goal of their journeying is not is only
the vast herds of antelopes and the carnivores which
prey on them, but also the unusual and brilliantly
colored birds which inhabits these places seemingly
endless varieties.

Read the passage carefully and answer the underlisted

question

6. The passage says more and more people are

coming to Africa by
A. ship
B. sea
C. areophane
D. train

7. In Africa these people hope to see

A. Air transportation
B. Costumes
C. Only preys
D. The beauty of Nature

8. When they arrive in Africa these visitors go to see

A. only the desert
B. only the mountains
C. only plains
D. just as many pasts of Africa as they can

9. What would you call these vistors?

А. Tourist
B. Forest dwellers
C. Wanderers
D. Hunters

10. What animals prey on the antelopes?

A. The tourist
B. Visitors
C. Carnivores
D. All wild animals

11. Which of the following is a moral suitable title for

the passage?
A. Tourist attractions in Africa
B. Deserts in Africa
C. Forest of Africa
D. Brilliantly plumaged birds

PASSAGE C
It has been said that there have been more
scientific discoveries this century than the rest of the
world's history. Certainly the list is a long and
impressive one, the areoplane, radio, television, the
domestic use of electricity in a thousand and one
forms, space satellites. These have been matched by
discoveries in medcine, which have perharps been
less specfacilise but have nevertheless saved the lives
of millions of people. Sir Alexander fleming's
development of penicillin, and the discovery of x-ray
photograph are just two of the things which have
lessened human misery side by side with these
discoveries however, we must put inventions such as
the atomic bomb which have increased the chances
of men destroying one another in perspective

Read the above passage carefully and answer the

underlisted questions

12. Which of these discoveries was not mentioned in

the passage?
A. The areoplane
B. Television
C. Railway engine
D. Satellite

13 What is mentioned in the passage as increasing

man's ability to destroy one another’s?
A. Atomic bomb
B. Areoplane
C. Penicillin
D. Radio

14. According to the passage, Sir Alexander fleming

discovered?
A. electricity
B. photograph
C penicillin
D. radio

15. Penicilin and x-rays photograph have

A helped man to destroy one another
B. lessened human misery
C. led to the invention of atomic bomb
D. save the life of only one million people

16. According to the passage discoveries is medicine are

A. Not important
B. Not neccessary
C. Destroyed by atomic bomb
D. Equally

LEXIS AND STRUCTURE

In the passage below are blank spaces numbered 1-20 and below if four alternatives expressions
marked A - D are given for each number. Choose from these the one that most correctly completes each
corresponding blank space

We have -- 1 -- to a period when English --2--underwent

great changes. These were linked --3-- other changes
in industry and --4-- to form a series of events known
to historious as “The industrial Revolution" we call it
"Industrial" because it --5-- Britains her --6-- industries,
we call --7-- a "revolution" because it caused --8-- rapid
and surprising changes in the everyday lives of the
british people. It happened --9-- this way.
During the eighteenth century Britain was selling
more --10-- more that the goods overseas. So --11--
did the "Market" expand that the --12-- of goods often
logged behind the --13-- for them, because the workers
who --14-- them could not work fast enough. Hence
the merchants who --15-- by every increase in the
--16-- of things for sales, welcomed ideas --17-- new
machines which would make saleable articles
more quickly, and were --18-- to open their purses to
buy such machines and --19-- factories where they
could be set in --20—

From the alternative answers given, choose the one

which has almost the same meaning as the word in
Italics in the sentence.

37. Adisa had very good remarks on his report card

A. details
B. design
C. comment
D. ideas

38. We must hard in order to surmount our difficulties

A. decrease
B. overcome
C. remove
D. meet

39. The government gets most of its revenue from

tax and custom dues.
A. riches
B. fees
C. income
D. support

40. The monitor was told to look into the cause of the
confusion in the class room.
A. investigate
B. punish
C. spy on
D. watch

41. The workers protested about the cut in their wages

A. decrease
B. lateness
C. amount
D. gap

42 She found a naira note on the field

A. hid
B. discovered
C. lost
D. dropped

43. The man asked his wife to buy expensive

materials for her dresses
A. beautiful
B. gay
C. costly
D many

44. Mr subomi wants to give up his appointment

A. transfer his appointment to another
B. resign his appointed
C. keep the appointment for the son
D. share his appointment with others

Choose the word or group of words which correctly

and most suitably fill the gap in each of the following
sentences

45. I passed my entrance examination ……….. unfortunately, i was not accepted by the university
A. and
B. because
C. for
D. but
46. The only witness to the theft was so shocked that
he couldn't described exactly ……..
A. what the thief looked like
B. how the thief looked like
C. that the thief looked like
D. which the thief looked like

47. The lady accompanied by her two friends …………

A. has arrived
B. have arrived
C. have been arriving
D. is being arrived

48. When one lecturer had an accident last semester

I often go to the hospital ………….
A. for visit
B to be visiting
C. to visit
D visit

49. Ade was unhappy after the race …….. he failed to get
a medal
A. because
B. since
C. but
D. for

50. This is the lady ……. stole my car

A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. would have

51. If you were around, I …….. happy

A. would be
B. would have been
D. have been
C. was

52. A was bed ridden for a week, Akeem was too ………
to assist with the harvesting of my rice farm
A. smart
B. gently
C. head
D. reluctant

53. While I was gone who ……… here

A. came
B. comes
C. have come
D. has come

54. Good children assist their mother's ……….

A. cooked
B. to cook
C. to be cooking
D. in cooking

55. The football team supporters ……….

wildly when a goal was scored for their team
A. cheered
B. groaned
C. wept
D. shouted

56. When the fire alarm came on, we ………..

building
A. rushed
B. walked
C. strolled
D. crawed

57. The party has …….. the country for a long time
A. tormented
B. promised
C. ruled
D. lied

58. The father died only ……….. arrived from Russia

А. а
B. those
C. an
D. the

59. A long time was expended before Sisi caro could

Settle …….. the price of the weave on
A in
B. to
D. with
C. on

60. When the children heard the ………. of their father’s car, they all ran to their rooms
A. horn
B. humming
C. sound
D. break

61. In the lecture hall the lecturer gave the ………….. to the students
A. lecture
B. dialogue
C. warning
D. talk

62. When the pupils heard the ………. ran to their classes
A. bell
B. head master's voice
C. the sound of the rain
D. the ringing

63. The priest gave ………. In the church

A. dialogue
B. counselling
C. sermon
D. advice

64. Olumide is absent …………. the lecture of today

A. from
B. of
C. over
D. in

65. The man in black suit should ………. the horse

A. mount
B. sit
D. in
C. by

66. I was asked to share the ……….. among my siblings

A. ice cream
B. horse
C. car
D. phone

67. I ………. to Uyo tomorrow

A probably
B. shall probably
C. have probably gone
D. were probably going

From the alternative answers given choose the word which has almost the opposite meaning to the words
in Italics words in the sentence

68. They all agree that John was a fast runner after
the race
A. cheered
B. denied
C. said
D. shouted

69. Last year our well was empty

A. few
B. full
C. shallow
D. low

70. Solomon did not feel comfortable in his coat

because it was made of rough materials
A. light
B. cheap
C smooth
D. delicate

Choose the word or group of words which correctly and most suitably fill the gap in each of the following
sentence

71. Olu is a very good friend on..... i can rely

A. where
B. which
C. whom
D. who

72 Thought...... the pencil by now

A. to sent
B. to be sent
C. to have send
D. to have sent

73 Janet's fever was so acute that she an injection

A. must have
B. ought to have
C. had to have
D. had

74. I know of an elephant... has only three legs

A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. of which

75. Yemisi, this is not my keys

A. whose
B. of which
C. who's
D whom

76. There was no tomatoes in the super market Ronke bought some pepper
A. unless
B. so
C. where as
D. since

77. The security vehicle raced ….. full speed the blaring siren
A. on
B. with
C. at
D. in

78. William loves reading love story books to take his

mind his worries
A. from
B. out
C. away
D. off

79. I don't know what to do with these children, they are always quarreling ……….
A. themselves
B. myself
C. one another
D. each of them
80 David couldn't have said a thing like that ……..
A. did he?
B. could he?
C. would he?
D can he?

81. If he had known, he wouldn't have come …….

A. wasn't?
B. would he?
C. couldn't he?
D wouldn't ?

82 Sack of workers could be the ……… of the workers

proofed
A. curse
B. course
C. oparse
D. cause

83 Neither James non Stella felt happy …….. the incident

A. by
B. in
C. about
D. for

84. Anybody would be impressed …….. such impressive performance

A. for
B. at
C. with
D. from

85 Morunfoiu wanted to show …….. with her necklace

A. on
B. of
C. back
D. over
86. Ajose and Emmanuel …….. the work yesterday
A. finished
B. finish
C. shall finish
D. would finish

87. A large number of spectators present at the

football match
A. were been
B. were
C. was
D. have been

88. Tom and his wife ......... killed in an accident

A. were
B. was
C. were been
D. had been

89. My mother instructed me that I must ……… before

break fast
A. bath
B. have my bathe
C. take my bath
D. bath myself

90. Take your umbrella because it ......

A. is raining
B. wanted to rain
C. had rained
D. was raining

91. When I heard the deferring sound I .......... under

the bed
A. hidden
B. had hid
C. hid
D. am hiding

92. Babatope wish he …….. a such man

A. am being
B. was
C. were
D. am

93. Janet sat for the examination ……… she had malaria
A. while
B. since
C. though
D. why
94. Amina wore a man's hat ………. looked very funny on her
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. whose

95. When Ade came in, he sat on a chair and ………

for a drink
A. was asking
B. asked
C. will ask
D. after

96. Lawrence, please if you come .......... my brother in

town, inform him that I am in town.
A. over
B. across
C through
D. after

97. Charles quickly got a match and struck it on ………

sole of my shoe
A. this
B. the
C. a
D. each

98. Olu asked the secretary to know if anybody………

to see him
A. wants
B. wanted
C. has been waiting
D. is wishing

99. My brother came in ..............I was sleeping

A while B. despite C. and then D. despite

100. ...... likes to be cheated

A. Not many people
B. Nobody
C. Few people
D. No people