I.

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that
of the others.

1. A. preparation B. application C. suggestion D. education

2. A. preservation B. enroll C. preference D. secondary
3. A. Diverse B. Ritual C. Bridesmaid D. Decisive
4. A. reduction B. pollution C. solution D. conclusion
5. A. sue B. spend C. sure D. pursue
II. Choose the word whose stress is placed differently from that of the others.

6. A. maintain B.perform C. prefer D. offer

7. A. limit B. demand C. research D. distract
8. A. atmosphere B. influence C. contaminate D. instrument
9. A. fertilizer B. ecosystem C. agriculture D. environment
10. A. culture B. diverse C. fortune D. altar
III. Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each
sentence.
11. ________ is a term that refers to the existence of different kinds of animals and
plants which make a balanced environment.
A. Wildlife B. Biodiversity C. Challenge D. Investigation
12. Jack and Linda ______ last week. They just weren’t happy together.
A. broke up B. broke into C. finished off D. ended up
13. “What’s the matter? You don’t look very well.” – “I feel a little __________.”
A. under the weather B. out of the blue C. out of order D. down to earth
14. ______ we to live in the country we wouldn’t mind having children.
A. If B. Were C. Should D. Had
15. He asked me why _________to the meeting.
A. didn’t I come B. don’t I come C. you didn’t come D. I hadn’t come
16. We are talking about the writer ________ latest book is one of the best-sellers
this year.
A. who B. whose C. which D. whom
17. I have two brothers. ______older one is training to be ______ pilot with British
Airways. _____ younger one is still at ______ school.
A. The/ x/ the/ x B. The/ a/ the /x C. an/ a/ the/ x D. the/ the/ the/ x
19. All forms of discrimination against all women and girls ________immediately
everywhere.
A. must be taken away B. must be ended C. must be allowed D. must be followed
20. A child _______ everything he or she wants.
A. must be given B.shouldn’t be given
C. mustn’t be given D. can be given
IV. Give the correct form.
21. Many national parks have been established to protect ______animals.
(DANGER)
22. The coastal areas have been severely ______by the disposals of harmful
chemical rubbish.(POLLUTE)
23. Evolution occurs as a result of _____ tonew environments. (ADAPT)
24. The ______loss of land is the result of severve deforestation ( MASS)
25. Voice ______is the app which helps some types of smartphone attracts
customers (RECOGNIZE)
V. Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions.
Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of
steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy
frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom.
For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and
water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leader vie for
unrestricted access to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and
conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use.
Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example,
the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than
the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source
will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way
in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural
resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the
wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river
and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that
require clean, clear freshwater for survival.
26. What does “supply”in line 3 mean?

A. cover B. provide C. make up for D. compensate for

27.Which word in the reading means “living or growing in, or relating to water” ?

A. agriculture B. major C. fresh D. aquatic

28.When do conflicts get worse ?

A. when natural-resource shortages increase in the features of gradually increasing
demands from a rising human population.
B. when a natural resource crosses political borders
C. when freedom could destroy the resource.
D. when eroded soil and silt cloud affect many organisms.
29.Which sentence below is NOT correct?
A. Argument often surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for
whom.
B. A river may provide water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and
water-generated electricity for a factory
C. Conservation methods are incidental to care for the river for future use.
D. Farmers, fishers and industry leaders vie for open access to this river.
30.What is the passage above mainly about?

A. Conservation conflicts B. Agricultural irrigation

C. The headwaters of a major river D. Natural-resource shortages

VI. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words.

31. It wasn’t Tom in the mall yesterday because he was in the hospital. I’m sure.
______________________________________________
32. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them were not very
practical.(Using a relative pronoun)
______________________________________________
33. It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message.
______________________________________________
Make meaningful sentences with the given suggestions
34. lot /people/ choose/ favorable date/ occasions/ such/ wedding/funeral/ house
moving days. //
→ ______________________________________________
35. nowadays/ our lives/ improved/ much/ progresses/ science and technology//
→ ______________________________________________
VII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36
to 42
Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting
playgrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such as
motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge in hill-climbing contests or in carving
new trails in the desert. But recent scientific studies show that these off-road vehicles
can cause damage to desert landscapes that has long-range effects on
the area’s water-conserving characteristics and on the entire ecology, both plant and
animal. Research by scientists in the western Mojave Desert in California revealed
that the compaction of the sandy arid soil resulting from the passage of just one
motorcycle markedly reduced the infiltration ability of the soil and created a stream of
rain runoff water that eroded the hillside surface. In addition, the researchers
discovered that the soil compaction caused by the off-road vehicles often killed
native plant species and resulted in the invasion of different plant species within a
few years. The native perennial species required many more years before they
showed signs of returning. The scientists calculated that roughly a century would be
required for the infiltration capacity of the Mojave soil to be restored after being
compacted by vehicles.

Question 36. What is the main topic of the passage?

A. Problems caused by recreational vehicles
B. Types of off-road vehicles
C. Plants of the southwestern desert
D. The increasing number of recreation seekers

Question 37. According to the passage, what is being damaged?

A. Motorcycles B. The desert landscape
C. Roads through the desertD. New plant species

Question 38. According to the passage, the damage to plants is _______.

A. unnoticeable B. superficial C. long-lasting D. irreparable

Question 39. According to the passage, what happens when the soil is compacted?
A. Little water seeps through B. Better roads are made
C. Water is conserved D. Deserts are expanded

Question 40. What is happening to the desert hillsides?

A. The topsoil is being eroded
B. The surface is being irrigated
C. There are fewer types of plants growing on them
D. There are fewer streams running through them

Question 41. According to the passage, what is happening to native plants in these
areas?
A. They are becoming more compact B. They are adapting
C. They are invading other areas D. They are dying

Question 42. It can be inferred that which of the following people would probably be
most alarmed by the scientists’ findings?
A. Historians B. Mapmakers C. Farmer D. Ecologists