Farsi Grammar
Farsi Grammar
Farsi Grammar
KEY CONCEPT: WHEN you create new POSITIVE wave patterns in YOUR
mind ... they give you STRENGTH for today … and HOPE for the
future ...Tashakor!
Note:
Appendix A - is the routine for long term reinforcement after one month, which
can also be used by experienced speakers for the chronic problem of accent
deterioration. Books to buy: Berlitz and Lonely Planet South East Asia Phrase
books and Crosslines - Afghanistan Essential Field Guides to Humanitarian and
Conflict Zones - on the web.
Inspired by: Dr. Bob Boland (EI) and Dr Fay Kelly (AGL) and Dr. Giles Boland
(Harvard) and Dr Sham Bathija (UNCTAD) and Boston University and the Team.
http://www.bu.edu/familymed/distance/cre/introduction.htm
Copyright: RGAB/2003/1 - Free for aid workers ...
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DEDICATION
This program is dedicated to the memory of Professor Kenneth Hale,
the eminent linguist of MIT who died on October 8th 2001.
So on we go ... for one whole day ... with a partner or small group ...
speaking and speaking ... and moving ... face, hands and body language
to reinforce your communication ... and ending with ... almost
instinctive ... easy inter-active conversation ... in the natural language
... and if you are lucky enough to find ... ANY natural speaker for the
day ... to be a partner ... or just part of the small group ... that
would be just great ...
... so ... start chatting now ... with EVERYONE ... and have fun... !!!
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 STRUCTURE
1.2 MEMORY
... goodbye ... cool days always have fairs .... khoda hafez
1.3 PRACTICE.
Learn very rapidly the list of "most used 100 words" and each day, take one
page of the mini-phrase-book, to make 10 minutes of Farsi conversation with
a natural speaker or aloud with yourself. Then make a friend of a Farsi
Phrasebook.
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INSTANT RELAXATION TECHNIQUE
1. This is a simple IRT exercise, to give you confidence to learn naturally. When
you don't believe you can learn ... you won't learn! ... When you are tense,
anxious and stressed ... you won't learn! When you have no confidence ... you
won't learn. But with relaxation, your mind and body become clear, confident and
ready to learn. So do the IRT exercise now ... and again before every CRE
session. It takes only three minutes, and with practice, it becomes a powerful tool
for you. The only "equipment" you need is an "open mind" and a marble (or similar
small object) in your "right" (major) hand.
2. So, get into that comfortable position, in which you know ... you really can
relax. Be aware that marble gets warm as it absorbs heat from contact with your
right hand. Open you hand and allow the warmth to evaporate. Close the hand
again, and recognize the marble ... as a physical external symbol ... of the
internal function of your mind and body. Allow it to receive and evaporate not just
heat ... but emotion, anxiety and stress ... leaving you free, relaxed, confident
and ready to learn to speak and understand the natural language without
effort ....
3. Now, relax with the hands on the lap, and fix your eyes on the marble as you
repeat aloud ... the following sentence ... four times, feeling free to change the
wording a little ... to fit your style ... four times ... aloud ... in all:
"I AM, I CAN, I WILL, I BELIEVE ... I WILL LEARN ... AND HELP
OTHERS TO LEARN ... TO SPEAK AND ENJOY ... THE NEW NATURAL
LANGUAGE ... WITH A BEAUTIFUL ACCENT ... NATURALLY ... RAPIDLY ...
EASILY ... WITHOUT EFFORT"
4. With the eyes fixed on the marble ... or closed if you wish ... start to take
three slow and very deep breaths ... and be sure to pause ... on each
inhalation ... and imagine ... each exalation ... as transferring all the anxiety and
stress ... from your mind and body ... through to the marble in your hand.
5. After the third breath, let your whole mind and body relax completely for two
minutes ... thinking ONLY of your breathing ... nothing else ... no self talk at
all ... just concentrate on the BREATHING ... very important, counting down from
20 to 1
6. Then bring yourself back, by simply counting up from 1 to 5, feeling well,
relaxed, confident and ready to learn. The marble is now your very personal symbol
... of your confidence to learn and speak the natural language with a beautiful
accent.
Note: This simple CRE "Instant Relaxation Technique" can be used anywhere (eyes open or
closed) to achieve a calm mind ... without anger, anxiety or stress ... ready and confident to
learn .. or deal with any new problem ... that you have to face. Keep the marble always to
hand, as a symbol ... of your confidence ... to feel comfortable ... in the new natural
language ... and to speak almost instinctively ... without stress or effort ...
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SIMPLE THROAT EXERCISE - 16 KEY WORDS
(Repeat the Farsi many times slowly ... and then at HIGH spoed)
Note: For simplicity ... the program is mostly typed without accents!
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NATURAL SUGGESTIONS
Plan to do the whole CRE in one 6-hour CRE day, with a partner or a small group.
A natural speaker (if available) would be most welcome as a partner or group
member. On the day before, as pre-learning (alone), play the 30 minute tape, just
before sleeping, speaking all the time, completely relaxed making no conscious
effort to learn anything.
After the one full day of CRE, plan revision during your NORMAL ROUTINE in the
following week, for just an hour a day. Feel free to do it in any way ... that YOU
know ... will suit YOU best ... and will allow you ... both to speak AND to
understand ... what is spoken to you ... so relax completely ... and ABSORB ...
both consciously and sub-consciously ... the very carefully selected ... 30-minute
audio tape ... of new natural language ... which becomes part of you ...
intuitively ... instinctively ... without effort ... as you relax with IRT and
establish a very POSITIVE attitude ... and a confident EXPECTATION of
SUCCESS ... just from PLAYING ... with the natural language ...
Our suggested schedule for the 6-hour CRE day (with breaks as needed) is:
5 – Play the tape WITHOUT the text, speaking with three different
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voices - just for fun!. Create conversation with the Mini-phrase book.
Do SPEED READING (2-16).
Generally:
3. Be POSITIVE and NEVER apologise for your language … you are making the
effort to learn the LANGUAGE … and the HUMAN VALUES … an thus the
CULTURE … of the people you speak with … and THEY will appreciate MORE than
you can EVEN imagine!! If they reply to you in ENGLISH … then YOU just
CONTINUE to speak in the NATURAL new language … and they will too ...
4. LISTEN very carefully to what PEOPLE say to YOU … and BEFORE replying …
REPEAT in YOUR MIND ... EXACTLY what they said … … this gives you excellent
PRACTICE in recognising good STRUCTURE.
5. HESITATE before you SPEAK … and then speak FREELY and CONFIDENTLY …
without long pauses and … WITHOUT … "Urrs and Umms" which are so ANNOYING
and BORING … for the listener ...
6. When you do not know a necessary word … do NOT hesitate … simply USE the
ENGLISH word … in the sentence … the hearer will almost certainly give you the
translation … and you can repeat it … three times to get it right … without
embarrassment. Use the LEARNING REINFORCMENT as needed but not in the
car!
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1. GENTLE RELAXATION ...
And now … I'd like you to arrange yourself … in a position that is so
comfortable ... and natural … for you ... so that you can sit … or lie
… for a while ... easily and effortlessly ... and where you can be
comfortable ... and yet still remain alert enough ... to focus on the
meaningful ... natural language learning ... that we will do together ...
natural language ... gentle ... quiet ... peaceful ... and instinctive ...
without any effort ... as you absorb its deepest meaning ...
interpretation ... and value ... in terms of very personal expectations.
And then when your are ready … to focus yourself ... you can begin by
taking a few deep relaxing breaths ... breathing slowly ... and feeling
the rise of your chest ... as you gradually inhale ... feeling that each
breath in ... and out ... relaxes you ... calms you ... and re-acqaints
you ... with deeper parts of yourself that you are sometimes too busy
to notice.
You know ... and I know ... its very easy ... to get caught up in day
to day living ... there is so much to do ... and now is your time … and
I would like you to allow your eyes to close ... as you start to build ...
an internal focus ... within yourself ... on those parts of yourself...
that will absorb the natural language ... gently ... peacefully … and
instinctively ... almost automatically ... as you … let yourself go ...
relax ... without conscious effort ... because you have nothing … to
do … now … except relax ..
So on we go together ... speaking all the time ... and moving hands,
face feelings and body … to express ourselves ... in the new natural
language ... as you create new wave patterns … in that special… "Farsi
Place" … in your mind …
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2. HERE AND THERE:
Ne, shoma inja n-isst-id (not). No, you are not here.
3. LIKING:
O (she) mota ra khosh-na (not)-me-dar-ad. She does not like the car.
Mate ra na-gooy-id (not say) kha - esh (please) me- Please do not say Mate!
kon-am (do).
4. DOING:
Aii!!! Darn!!!
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5. CAN/ABLE TO DO:
Aya shoma on me-ton-id (can) inra (this) be-kon-id Can you do this?
(do)?
Bale, man inra (that) me-ton-am (can) be-kon-am Yes, I can do that.
(do).
Aya shoma me-ton-id “Mate” be-goy-id (say)? Can you say Mate?
Bale. man me-ton-am yak kam Farsi harf be-zan-am Yes, I can speak a little Farsi!
(speak)
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6. UNDERSTANDING:
7. WANTING:
Aii! Man me-khah-am yak kame be shoma me-deh- Darn! I want to give you a bit.
am (give).
Aya shoma me-khah-id ba-man (with me) be-khab- Do you want to sleep with me?
id?
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Na, man ne me-khah-am. No, I do not want (to sleep).
Miguel, aya shoma bagha (frogs) me-khah-id? Miguel do you want the frogs?
8. GETTING:
Lotfan, ba-ma yak mard (man) be-deh-id (give)! Please give me a man!
9. HAVING:
Agha, aya shoma kame pul (money) dar-id? Do you have some money, Sir?
Na. No.
Aii!! Shoma byssiar khub hast-id. Damn it!! You are wonderful!
11. GREETING:
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Salam, Paula. Hello Paula.
Na!! No!!!
12. DESCRIBING:
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Aya in asan ast? Is it easy?
O Mate!!! Oh Mate!!!
Na, hale man khub n-ist. Khoda-hafez!!! No, I am not well!! Goodbye!!!
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14. NUMBERING:
Ne, shoma doo (2) moushkelha dar-id. No, you have two (of them).
Bale hala (now). man panj moushkel-haa dar-am!! Yes now, I have five problems!!!
15. ASKING:
Man me-ton-am yak kam Farsi harf be-zan-am. I can speak a little Farsi
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Shoma me-khah-id tashnab me-rav-id. You want to go (to) the toilet.
Lotfan dar-Faransa aab (water) na nosh-id!! Please don’t drink the water in
France!!
Bale hala (now). man panj (5) moushkel-haa dar-am!! Yes now, I have five problems!!!
Aii! Darn!
Khub-e? OK?
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17. CLOSING
Now of all the things … your mind … has been playing with … to create new … wave
patterns … in the natural language … from … here and there … liking … doing … can
… understanding … wanting … getting … having … ordering… greeting … describing …
knowing … numbering … asking … and … everything … I wonder which things ... you
will bring back … to stay deep within you … so easily available ... to you … as needs
arise … without conscious effort … because … you will believe … you can do it …
Just naturally ... in your own way … as part of you ... instinctively ... as that new
part of you ... grows ... stronger and stronger ... you will begin to speak with a
beautiful accent … so easily ... reinforcing your learning ... with a gentle quiet
confidence ... which will surprise you ... and such a beautiful accent ... of which
you will be proud ... to fit the music of the natural language ... will surprise you
even more ... and more … as you repeat the CRE … so that … in every day … in
every way … you believe … you will … get … better and better …
And now as you choose ... to believe you can do something ... that makes you feel
so comfortable with yourself ... something you will feel more and more … able to
do ... so that you feel ... even more comfortable ... and confident ... naturally …
in your own way … you can take whatever time you need ... just to process your
thoughts ... in your own special way ... and to bring this experience to a
comfortable close ...
You will feel well ... and you will begin … to feel confident ... about the future ...
and about making progress ... in the natural language ... in your own natural
way ... and you will find such joy … in speaking so gently … with growing confidence
... and experience ... which will add … a new exciting quality to your life ...
because ... with every new language you learn ... you do add a new quality to your
life ... in that special "Hebrew Place" … in your mind …
And when you feel ... you are ready ... and you want to ... you can start the
process of reorienting yourself ... bringing yourself back ... taking your time ...
and when you are ready ... you can fully orient yourself ... and allow your eyes to
open ... feeling well ...and happy ... because ... and you will begin to experience
confidence … more and more … because … from now … in every day … in every way
… you will … be getting … better and better …
And as we reach the end of each CRE session … 30 minutes has just flashed by …
to be repeated … and enjoyed … many times … relaxed … calm and confident … of
achieving a beautiful accent … that becomes natural for you … with learning that is
efficient and effective … so from now on … be positive … and with a positive
expectation of success … surprise yourself … as you feel the contining support … of
our Team … which all began in Bayonne, France on August 15, 2001 ... and of
course … as with all things … we believe can do … together … God Bless …
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18. NATURAL VOCABULARY:
(without accents)
a. Greetings/
Exclamations:
b. Verbs :
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understand must possible see
c. Prepositions:
d. Pronouns:
I you he she we
man shoma o o ma
e. Nouns:
f. Adjectives/
adverbs/Other:
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later a little wonderful! happy here/there
g.
Interrogatives:
h. Numbers:
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week (hafta)
year (sal)
hour (sa’at)
minute (daqiqa)
hamburger (hamburger)
read (khondan)
write (naveshtan)
laugh (kandadan)
dance (rakcidan)
stop (estod)
policeman (police)
mate (non)
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19. NATURAL FEEDBACK AND NEW IDEAS
(to [email protected])
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20 - DAILY MINI PHRASE BOOK
(Challenge: make a copy ...chat with a natural speaker ... speed reading 4 minutes)
BASICS:
Hello Salam
Yes/no Bale/ne,na
Please Lotfan
Excuse me Bebakshid
INTRODUCTIONS:
Good-bye. Khoda-hafez
Cha-tor haste-en?
France Faransawi
England Englisi
America Amerikai
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I'm with ...: Man ... hast-am
UN UN
Shell Shell
QUESTIONS:
When/how? Che-vakt/chator?
What/why? Chi/chera?
Who/which? Ki/kodam?
Please is it possible for you to help? Lotfan (please), mumken (possible) ast,
komak (help) me-kon-id (give) ?
UNDERSTANDING:
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I can speak a little ... Man me-ton-am (can) yak kam (little)
harf ba-zan-am (speak).
COMMENTS:
better/worse beter/kharab
big/small bezorg/kuchek
cheap/expensive arzan/qimat
good/bad khub/bad
hot/cold garm/sard
near/far nazdik/dour
FOOD:
breakfast nashta/toha-e-sobh
lunch nan-e-chasht
dinner. nan-e-shab
bread/butter nan/maska
cheese panir
eggs tokhom
meat/potatoes gosht/banjan-roumi
apples/oranges seb/malta
coffee/tea gawa/chae
milk shir
water aab
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We enjoy it. Ma khosh hast-im.
TRANSIT:
left/right dast-e-chap/dast-e-rast
north/south chamaal.djanoub
east/west charq/gharb
pharmacy dawa-khana
SHOPPING:
Colours? Rang:
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Black siah
Blue abi
Red sorkh
White safed
Yellow zard
Green sabz
aspirin aspirin
soap saboun
film/newspaper film/akhbar
TELEPHONE:
louder beland-tar
slowly ahaesta-tar
I want …: Me-khah-am …:
Mr. Agha
Mrs. Khanom
Miss Anissa
TIME:
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Do we have a little time? Aya (question) ma kame vakt dar-im?
MEETINGS:
today emroz
tomorrow farda
tonight em-shab
soon zood
LOCATIONS:
Here/there Inja/onja
How many hours to go there? Ta anja tchand (how many) baja me-
rav-ad?
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21. PLAY QUIZ
Test your instincts … associate the phrases … in mixed groups of four …
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APPENDIX A - ROUTINE FOR ACCENT IMPROVEMENT
AND LONG TERM RE-INFORCEMENT AFTER ONE MONTH -
TRY TO WORK WITH A PARTNER AND A NATURAL SPEAKER
FOR JUST ONE DAY MORE
RELAX with ... a very POSITIVE attitude ... and a very confident EXPECTATION
of SUCCESS ... in just one more day ... of PLAYING with the natural language ...
instinctively ... naturally ... completely relaxed ... with no stress or effort ...
just play!
1 – Play YOUR APS. Then play the LEARNING REINFORCEMENT audio tape. Do
IRT and the Throat exercise. Study the Brief Grammar and Mini-Phrase Book to
understand every word. THEN make a recording of sections 2-15 at high speed -
your starting point! DO NOT ERASE IT. Then SPEAK with the tape. LIST your
five key problems!
2 - STUDY the text (Sections 2-16). Then SPEAK LOUDLY and then very
SOFTLY with the tape. SPEED READING (2-16) in 14 minutes. USE the Mini-
phrase Book for easy interactive conversation
3 – SPEAK in THEATRICAL style with the tape and text together. Do SPEED
READING (2-16) in reverse-mode in 12 minutes. USE the Mini-phrase Book for
easy interactive conversation
4 – SPEAK with tape and text. For difficult words/phrases ... stop the tape ...
and repeat the word/phrase many times ... singing and shouting! Review your five
problems.
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APPENDIX B - ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY SELECTED TO
MEET THE SPECIAL NEEDS OF EACH CLIENT
ORGANIZATION (100 WORDS)
Special Vocabulary for UNHCR
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Handicapped saya ma-yub ma-yub
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President mdshir ra-is ra-is/raid jumhur
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APPENDIX C - BRIEF GRAMMAR
(Challenge: study and discuss with a natural speaker)
In BE-KON-ID! DO this!
O ast/dar/me-khah-ad He is/has/wants
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ROCHURE
CRE - CREATIVE RELAXATION EXERCISE
THE NATURAL WAY TO PLAY WITH LANGUAGE AND A BEAUTIFUL ACCENT
WITH A 30 MINUTE AUDIO TAPE IN ONE DAY
KEY CONCEPT: "WHEN you create new POSITIVE wave patterns in YOUR mind
they give you the CONFIDENCE to RELAX and LEARN naturally without EFFORT"
Opportunity: for managers and staff on short or long missions to other countries to feel
more secure, comfortable and effective in achieving better working relationships in English,
with local companies, governments, refugees, clients and project staff. The effort to
speak the local language with a good accent will be much appreciated, as it shows clearly a
deep respect for local values and culture.
Description: dynamic English-based brief language learning system developed initially with
some UN staff, for aid workers in Afghanistan, and now available in: Spoken Dari,
Pashto, Uzbek, Tajik, Turkmen, English, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Hindi,
Urdu, Finnish, Arabic, Indonesian, Malay, Wolof, Shona, Russian, Mandarin, Xhosa,
Burmese, Swedish, Tswana and others in process: Cantonese, Zulu, Sutu, Nepali, Italian,
Swahili, Basque etc.
Designed for: mature motivated learners who need to achieve very rapidly, the personal
confidence to speak and understand, basics of the local natural language. Designed also for
current speakers to who want to achieve significant accent improvement.
Course duration: one full six-hour day with a partner or small group, followed by daily
brief individual revision, in the following week and one day reinforcement a month later.
Method: uses CRE techniques to achieve relaxation and intuitive absorption of the natural
language with confidence and without stress or effort. Designed to handle varying
individual value systems and needs. CRE techniques, once acquired, can be easily used for
any other languages or dialects. Uses IRT - the Instant Relaxation Technique create the
confidence to learn.
Further information: email: [email protected] from Dr. Bob Boland MD, MPH
(Johns Hopkins), DBA, ITP (Harvard Business School), Former visiting professor at:
INSEAD: IMD, Cranfield, Columbia, GSB, Stellenbosch, Wits, WHO, ILO, WB, UNEP,
UNIDO, AID, IRC, Peace Corps, Shell, Burma, Barlows, Baxter, Nokia etc.
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THE ONE HUNDRED MOST USED WORDS IN CONVERSATION
(Insert Farsi ... and then discuss with a natural speaker)
11. Big 12. But 13. I can 14. I come 15. Either/or
16. Find 17. First 18. For 19. Friend 20. From
36. I like 37. Little 38. I love 39. I make 40. Many
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51. Often 52. On 53. One 54. Only 55. Or
56. Other 57. Our 58. Outside 59. Over 60. People
61. Place 62. Please 63. Same 64. I see 65. She
71. I tell 72. Thank you 73. That 74. The 75. Their
76. Them 77. Then 78. There is 79. They 80. Thing
91. What 92. When 93. Where 94. Which 95. Who
96. Why 97. With 98. Yes 99. You 100. Your
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APS - LEARNING REINFORCEMENT
AUTONOMIC PLAYBACK SYSTEM
b. Speak only for about 8 seconds ... pause for about 4 seconds ....
continue for about 8 seconds ... pause 4 seconds etc. This gives
your mind time to absorb easily without stress,
c. Add seven key learning points which were important to you! This
provides "associations" in your mind for the new learning.
2. The NEXT DAY, relax and playback the tape (using ear phones)
while watching some interesting TV show WITHOUT audio e.g. a
football match or other a sports event or a cartoon. Make NO
EFFORT to listen to the tape. In fact, TELL yourself NOT to
listen, but just to relax and gently give all attention to the TV
show. Relax and let your mind absorb the data WITHOUT ANY
CONSCIOUS EFFORT at all.
5. Adapt APS to your special needs and personality. Use it for any
new material that you want to absorb without stress or effort.
And please remember to email feedback and new creative ideas to
our Team at: [email protected]. So ... from now on - relax
and remember!!
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