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    ITM401S Unit 3.7.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Curves

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    Lucas “Khumalo” Kaundu
    This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions and their graphs. It defines exponential functions as functions of the form y=abx and describes their key properties: graphs are continuous and smooth, pass through (0,1), domains are all real numbers and ranges are positive, graphs increase and are asymptotic to the x-axis. Logarithmic functions are defined as the inverse of exponential functions. Their graphs cross the x-axis at (1,0) and either increase if b>1 and are asymptotic to the negative y-axis, or decrease if 0<b<1 and are asymptotic to the positive y-axis. Examples and exercises of graphing these functions are also provided.

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    ITM401S Unit 3.7.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Curves

    Uploaded by

    Lucas “Khumalo” Kaundu
    4 views3 pages
    This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions and their graphs. It defines exponential functions as functions of the form y=abx and describes their key properties: graphs are continuous and smooth, pass through (0,1), domains are all real numbers and ranges are positive, graphs increase and are asymptotic to the x-axis. Logarithmic functions are defined as the inverse of exponential functions. Their graphs cross the x-axis at (1,0) and either increase if b>1 and are asymptotic to the negative y-axis, or decrease if 0<b<1 and are asymptotic to the positive y-axis. Examples and exercises of graphing these functions are also provided.

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    ITM401S Unit 3.7.4 Exponential and logarithmic curves

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    This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions and their graphs. It defines exponential functions as functions of the form y=abx and describes their key properties: graphs are continuous and smooth, pass through (0,1), domains are all real numbers and ranges are positive, graphs increase and are asymptotic to the x-axis. Logarithmic functions are defined as the inverse of exponential functions. Their graphs cross the x-axis at (1,0) and either increase if b>1 and are asymptotic to the negative y-axis, or decrease if 0<b<1 and are asymptotic to the positive y-axis. Examples and exercises of graphing these functions are also provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    4 views3 pages

    ITM401S Unit 3.7.4 Exponential and Logarithmic Curves

    Uploaded by

    Lucas “Khumalo” Kaundu
    This document discusses exponential and logarithmic functions and their graphs. It defines exponential functions as functions of the form y=abx and describes their key properties: graphs are continuous and smooth, pass through (0,1), domains are all real numbers and ranges are positive, graphs increase and are asymptotic to the x-axis. Logarithmic functions are defined as the inverse of exponential functions. Their graphs cross the x-axis at (1,0) and either increase if b>1 and are asymptotic to the negative y-axis, or decrease if 0<b<1 and are asymptotic to the positive y-axis. Examples and exercises of graphing these functions are also provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3.7.

    4 Sketches of the exponential and logarithmic curves

    Y=mx+c p.100-103

    3.7.4.1 Graphs of the Exponential Function


    A function of the form is known as an exponential function with
    base a.

    example:

    Properties
     The graph is continuous and smooth.
     The graph passes through the point (0,1)
     The domain is all real numbers and the
    range is y > 0 (lies above x – axis).
     The graph is increasing.
     The graph is asymptotic to the x-axis as x
    approaches negative infinity.
     The graph illustrates exponential growth.

    An asymptote is a line that is approached by the curve, the curve goes closer and closer
    but will never intersect the line.

    example:
    If every x with –x , the curve is a reflection about the y-axis. The graph y=2-x would be a
    reflection about the y-axis of y=2x and the function would be equivalent to y=(1/2)x.

    Properties
     The graph is continuous and smooth.
     The graph passes through the point (0,1)
     The domain is all real numbers and the
    range is y > 0 (lies above x – axis).
     The graph is decreasing.
     The graph is asymptotic to the x-axis as x
    approaches positive infinity.
     The graph illustrates exponential decay

    43
    3.7.4.2 Graphs of the Logarithmic Function

    Y=mx+c p.105

    Note: Logarithms are the reverse “operation” of exponents.

    Inverse of Exponential Functions

    Properties

    • graphs cross the x-axis at (1, 0)


    • when b > 1,
    - the graph increases
    - the negative y-axis is
    asymptotic
    • when 0 < b < 1,
    - the graph decreases
    - the positive y-axis is
    asymptotic
    • the domain is all positive real
    numbers (never zero)
    • the range is all real numbers
    • the functions are undefined for
    x<0.

    44
    EXERCISE 3.7.4 (also as examples)

    1. Use a table and domain -3 to 3. Sketch the graphs of on the same


    set of axes.
    2. Sketch (neat and proportional)

    Write down the domain and range for both curves.

    3. Sketch the following curves (neat and proportional):


    3.1 On the same set of axes,
    3.2 On the same set of axes,

    3.3 On the same set of axes,


    4. Given: Determine k if the graph passes through the following points:
    4.1 (3;1)
    4.2 (3;-2)
    4.3 (0,4;1)

    Y = mx+c p.104 Ex 3D.1 q. 2 – 5. p.106 Ex 3D.2 q. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7

    45

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