1.

3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

1.3 Properties of Parent Functions

• In mathematics, every function can be classified as a member of a family.

• Each member of a family of functions is related to the simplest, or most

basic, function sharing the same characteristics.
This function is called the parent function. → linear y X
-

y Xa
quad , =

• Here are some members of the linear and quadratic families.

The parent functions are in green.

Def .

asymptote
→ vertical asymptote ( VA ) * never cross
→ horizontal asymptote ( HA ) * can be
a line that the graph of a relation or function gets closer and crossed
closer to, but never meets, on some portion of its domain
VA
x= - 1

y=2

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1.3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

Types of functions we will study:

Name Equation of the parent fn
✓
• Linear f(x) = x

)
✓
• Quadratic f(x) = x2 "" Pr "
"

• Square Root f(x) =

• Reciprocal f(x) =

• Absolute Value f(x) = |x|

• Linear Function O
f(x) = x

Graph Properties:
-

straight
• straight line line
through the origin
• slope is 1 O O) s
goes through ( ,
-

y
-

int -

-
O
• divides the XY plane in half X int O
-

slope =
I - =

diagonally
-

graph
• graph goesis (9)
only through quadrants
increasing
1&3 I
Domain= { KER } trace from Lte R ,

Y value is getting larger

Range = { yer}
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1.3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

• Quadratic Function f(x) =x2

Graph
Properties:
• parabola
vertex opens( up
0,0 )
-

• vertex
-
is at origin
opens up (a> o )
• y has a minimum value of 0
-

curve ( x=0
• axis of symmetry
u shape-

)
• graph
-

minis only in quadrants 1O& 2

value =

Domain= { KER }
Range = { yer ly Z O )

• Square Root Function f(x) =√x

Graph Properties:
Q2 Q1 ( 9,3 ) • same same
shape as halfasa parabola

Hilfe
-

shape half of a
(4,2 ) .

value for (x & its

• minparabola on
zero)
y isside
•
-

starts at ( 0,0 )
• graph is only in 1st quadrant
Bo

(op
) -

y value
squared is the xvalue

Q3/Q4 -

increasing graph
Domain= { xerlxzo }
Range = { yer I yz o }
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 1.3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

• Reciprocal Function f(x) = 1/x

VA Graph Properties:
*°
rank # • hyperbola

¥s
-
does not cross 10,0 )
•
Enn • when x is close to zero y value increases
VA x O →
-

int
-

no
y
-

• when x is far from zero the y value

-

jiao
'
decreases
HA O → no x
-

int
y
-
- -

÷
:p
• the function has no value at
¥: meaner ;n;÷:c,
-

.
x=0 or y=0

• graph is only in quadrants 1 & 3

Domain= { KERI x # o
}
Range = { yer / yet o }

• Absolute Value Function f(x)= |x| distance

from

to x
zero

Graph Properties: t )
( always

② ① • twogoes
-

straight half lines( 0,0

through that )
(-2,2) • •
(2,2 ) start ataka
the origin
vertexand the go
•
up
C- I , ( 1,1 )
•
) V
shape
I
-
-

• vertex at the origin

•

10,0 ) -

made of 2 linear fins

up
• y has a minimum
① value
x y
-

Domain= { KER } ② axisy=

• Y-axis is the of symmetry
x -

• graph Y is
always
value
only in quadrants
-

1&2 t or zero

Range = { yerlyzo }
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1.3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

Homework:

Pg. 28
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