Cambridge O Level

* 6 1 7 9 8 2 0 1 1 9 *

CHEMISTRY 5070/42
Paper 4 Alternative to Practical October/November 2020

1 hour

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document has 16 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (RW/CB) 184037/3
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1 A student investigates two different aqueous electrolytes using the apparatus shown.

+ –

carbon anode carbon cathode

aqueous electrolyte

(a) Complete the table.

anode (+) cathode (–)

aqueous name of observation name of observation

electrolyte product product
dilute sulfuric hydrogen bubbles of
acid colourless gas

aqueous bubbles of
copper(II) colourless gas
sulfate

[5]

(b) State the test and its observation to identify hydrogen gas.

test ............................................................................................................................................

observation ......................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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2 When solid Group I nitrates are heated they decompose and give off a gas. The gas relights a
glowing splint.

(a) Name the gas that relights a glowing splint.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

A student investigates the rate of decomposition of four Group I nitrates.

The student heats each of the nitrates separately with a Bunsen burner. The student measures
the time taken for a glowing splint to relight for each nitrate.

glowing splint

metal nitrate

heat

(b) It is important to control the amount of heat supplied by the Bunsen burner.

Suggest two ways the amount of heat supplied is kept constant.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Suggest a variable, involving the metal nitrate, that should be controlled.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

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(d) Each experiment is repeated two more times. The results are shown in the table.

time taken for glowing splint to relight / s

metal nitrate experiment 1 experiment 2 experiment 3 average time

lithium nitrate 100 150 100

potassium nitrate 150 300 320

rubidium nitrate 400 450 410

sodium nitrate 200 200 240

(i) Use the times in the table to calculate an average time for each metal nitrate. Do not use
any anomalous times. Write your answers in the table. [2]

(ii) Which metal nitrate decomposes the fastest? Use information from the table to explain
your answer.

metal nitrate ......................................................................................................................

explanation .................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 8]

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3 A student is provided with solution K, which is aqueous sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The student
determines the concentration of K by titration.

The student measures 25.0 cm3 of K and transfers it to apparatus A.

500
cm3

(a) Name a piece of apparatus used to measure 25.0 cm3 accurately.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Name apparatus A.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

The student makes up the 25.0 cm3 sample of K to 500 cm3 with distilled water. This is solution L.

The student transfers 25.0 cm3 of L into a conical flask and adds two drops of methyl orange
indicator.

Solution M is 0.0500 mol / dm3 sulfuric acid, H2SO4.

M is put into a burette and run into the conical flask until the indicator changes colour and the
end‑point is reached.

(c) Why is it wrong to wash out the burette with distilled water immediately before filling it with M?

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) What is the colour change of the methyl orange indicator at the end‑point?

The colour changes from ............................................... to ............................................... [1]

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(e) The student does three titrations. The diagrams show parts of the burette with the liquid levels
at the beginning and end of each titration.

titration 1 titration 2 titration 3

0 22 10 33
43
20
1 23 11 34
44
21
2 24 12 35
45
22

Use the diagrams to complete the table.

titration number 1 2 3

final burette reading / cm3

initial burette reading / cm3

volume of M / cm3

best titration results (3)

Summary

Tick (3) the best titration results in the table.

Use the ticked results to calculate the average volume of M.

................................................... cm3 [4]

(f) Solution M is 0.0500 mol / dm3 sulfuric acid, H2SO4.

Calculate the number of moles of H2SO4 in the average volume of M used in the titration.

.................................................... mol [1]

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(g) Dilute sulfuric acid reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide as shown.

H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Calculate the number of moles of NaOH in 25.0 cm3 of L.

.................................................... mol [1]

(h) Calculate the number of moles of NaOH in 500 cm3 of L.

.................................................... mol [1]

(i) Calculate the number of moles of NaOH in 25.0 cm3 of K.

.................................................... mol [1]

(j) Calculate the concentration of NaOH in K.

Give your answer to three significant figures.

........................................... mol / dm3 [1]

(k) Between each titration, the student washes the conical flask with water. A second student
repeats the experiment but uses L instead of water to wash the conical flask.

State and explain whether the second student’s titration volume of dilute sulfuric acid would
be smaller, larger or unchanged compared with the first student’s volume of dilute sulfuric
acid.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 15]
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4 You are provided with a mixture of copper(II) carbonate and carbon.

Both copper(II) carbonate and carbon are solids. They are both insoluble in water. Copper(II)
carbonate reacts with dilute sulfuric acid and forms an aqueous solution. Carbon does not react
with or dissolve in dilute sulfuric acid.

dilute
sulfuric
acid

mixture of copper(II) carbonate

and carbon

Use this information to plan an experiment to produce a sample of pure carbon from the mixture.

You are provided with the mixture of copper(II) carbonate and carbon as well as dilute sulfuric
acid and distilled water. You have access to the apparatus normally found in a school chemistry
laboratory. No other chemicals are available.

Your plan should include details of how to:

• separate the carbon

• purify the carbon.

Chemical equations are not required.

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [4]

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5 A solid mixture R contains two cations and one anion. The table shows the tests that a student
does on R.

Complete the table.

Identify any gases that are formed in the tests.

test observation conclusion

(a) R is dissolved in water. The
solution is divided into three .............................................
A coloured solution is
portions for tests (b), (c)
formed.
and (d). .............................................
[1]
(b) (i) To a portion of the
solution from (a), .............................................
R contains Cr3+ or Fe2+
aqueous ammonia is
ions.
added until a change is .............................................
seen. [1]
(ii) An excess of aqueous
ammonia is added to .............................................
R contains Cr3+ or Fe2+
the mixture from (b)(i).
ions.
.............................................
[1]
(c) (i) To a portion of the
solution from (a), .............................................
R contains Cr3+ or Fe2+
aqueous sodium
ions.
hydroxide is added .............................................
until a change is seen. [1]
(ii) An excess of aqueous
sodium hydroxide is .............................................
added to the mixture R contains Cr3+ ions.
from (c)(i). .............................................
[2]
(iii) The mixture from (c)(ii)
is warmed and the gas .............................................
The gas turns damp red
formed is tested with
litmus paper blue.
damp red litmus paper. .............................................
[2]
(d)
........................................... .............................................

........................................... ............................................. R contains SO42– ions.

...........................................
[3]

[Total: 11]

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6 A student investigates the temperature rise when different masses of magnesium are added to
dilute hydrochloric acid.

In each experiment the student:

• pours 100 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid into a beaker

• places a thermometer into the acid
• records the temperature of the acid
• adds a known mass of magnesium to the acid and stirs the mixture
• records the highest temperature reached.

thermometer

magnesium

100 cm3 hydrochloric acid

(a) (i) The temperature rise with each mass of magnesium is less than expected. Give one
reason for this.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State two changes that can be made to the apparatus so that the temperature rise for
each mass of magnesium is closer to the expected value for each mass.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 .................................................................................................................................. [2]

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The diagrams show parts of the thermometer stem giving the highest temperature recorded using
different masses of magnesium.
31
28 35
33
30
27 34
32
29
26 33
31
28
25 32
30
27
24 31
29
26
23 30
28
25
0.20 g 0.30 g 0.40 g 0.50 g
Mg Mg Mg Mg

(b) Use the thermometer readings to complete the following table.

mass of magnesium initial temperature highest temperature temperature rise

/g of hydrochloric acid of hydrochloric acid / °C
/ °C / °C
0.10 20.0 22.6 2.6

0.20 20.0

0.30 20.0

0.40 20.0

0.50 20.0

0.60 20.0 32.4 12.4

0.70 20.0 32.4 12.4

[2]

(c) What evidence in the table shows that the reaction is exothermic?

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

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(d) Plot the temperature rise against the mass of magnesium on the grid.

Draw a straight line through the first four points.

Draw another straight line through the last three points. Extend both straight lines so that they
cross.

14.0

12.0

10.0

8.0
temperature
rise / °C

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70
mass of magnesium / g
[3]

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(e) Use your graph to answer the questions. In each case assume that magnesium is added to
100 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid at 20.0 °C.

(i) What is the temperature rise when 0.35 g of magnesium is used?

...................................................... °C [1]

(ii) What is the highest temperature when 0.15 g of magnesium is used?

...................................................... °C [1]

(iii) What mass of magnesium is used to give a highest temperature of 26.0 °C?

........................................................ g [1]

(iv) What is the minimum mass of magnesium that reacts with all of the hydrochloric acid?

........................................................ g [1]

(f) (i) Use your answer to (e) (iv) to calculate the number of moles of magnesium that reacts
with 100 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid.

[Ar: Mg, 24]

.................................................... mol [1]

(ii) Magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.

Mg + 2HCl MgCl 2 + H2

Calculate the concentration, in mol / dm3, of the hydrochloric acid.

........................................... mol / dm3 [2]

[Total: 16]

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© UCLES 2020 5070/42/O/N/20