CIVIL SOCIETY

GROUP 6

REVIEW
Bui Thi Tam Linh
Nguyen Quynh Nga
Hoang Ngoc Thao Nguyen
INTRODUCING
OUR CONTENT

LEC 2 LEC 4 LEC 6

THAO NGUYEN QUYNH NGA LINH
Concept of Civil Society. Resource mobilization. Accountability.
Liberalism
The leftist
CONCEPT OF
CIVIL SOCIETY
THREE SECTORS:

GOVERNMENT PRIVATE SECTOR CIVIL SOCIETY

Market/ Economy/enterprises

GOOD GOVERNANCE:

GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENTS INSTITUTION

are selected, monitored, and effectively formulate and (govern economic and social interactions)
replaced implement sound policies own the respect of citizens and the state
6 CRITERIA FOR GOOD
GOVERNANCE:
1. Voice and Accountability
Selecting their government
Freedom of expression
Freedom of association
Free media
-> Promoting accountability
2. Political Stability and Absence of Violence
3. Government Effectiveness
4. Regulatory Quality
5. Rule of Law
6. Control of Corruption
LIBERALISM
Civil society = a market sector (# government)
A moral base for the society: human rights (civil, political,
and economic rights).
Public debate and democracy
Global governance with civil society roles
Against the abuse of state power
Conflict resolution without violence.
Peacebuilding
LEFT & RIGHT
WING
COLLECTIVISM INDIVIDUALISM
SOLIDARITY EVERYONE-FOR-THEMSELVES
SOCIETY

CO-OPERATION COMPETITION

SOCIALISM CAPITALISM
ECONOMIC SPHERE
ECONOMIC

FREEDOM BUSINESS

RIGHTS OF BUSINESS

ECONOMIC
 CHARACTERISTICS
LEFT WING RIGHT WING
RADICAL CONSERVATIVE

anti-war lower taxes and fewer state benefits

the protection of the environment skeptical about immigration
sympathetic to single mothers, believe in religion and the importance of
and asylum seekers marriage
free provision of health care strong patriotic feelings about your country and
public money into free education. its traditional culture.

TRANSFORM SOCIETY MAINTAIN THE STATUS QUO

REBELLION LOYALTY
RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION
 WHAT IS RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION?

Resource mobilization is the strategic

process undertaken by Civil Society
Organizations (CSOs) to secure and
manage the resources necessary to fulfill
their mission and achieve their goals.
 WHY IS RESOURCE
MOBILIZATION IMPORTANT?
SUSTAINABLE
EXPANSION MORE
EXISTENCE ORGANIZATION
AND GROWTH INDEPENDENCE
BUILDING
Securing resources Obtaining additional Diversifying funding Effective resource
enables CSOs to cover resources allows sources reduces mobilization allows
operational costs and CSOs to expand reliance on single for long-term
initiate activities, programs, reach new donors, promoting financial stability and
ensuring their beneficiaries, and greater independence organizational
continued existence achieve greater and freedom in sustainability,
and ability to serve impact. pursuing their mission enabling continuous
their communities. without undue operation and impact
influence. creation.
HOW TO MOBILIZE
RESOURCES?
MOBILIZE NEW OR Explore various channels, such as grant proposals,
ADDITIONAL individual giving campaigns, social enterprise
RESOURCES ventures, and partnerships, to secure new and
diverse resources.

Reduce dependence on any single source by

DIVERSIFY FUNDING spreading fundraising efforts across various
SOURCES channels (individuals, foundations, corporations) to
mitigate risks and ensure long-term financial
stability.

BUILD OR EXPAND Collaborate with other organizations, businesses,

PARTNERSHIPS AND and individuals to share resources, expertise, and
RELATIONSHIPS networks, increasing resource access and impact
potential.
HOW TO MOBILIZE
RESOURCES?
Communicate the organization's mission, impact,
INCREASE and value proposition to potential resource
COMMUNICATIONS providers, fostering understanding and building
trust.

Develop internal skills, systems, and expertise in

BUILD
areas like grant writing, fundraising management,
ORGANIZATIONAL
and data analysis to improve resource mobilization
CAPACITY
effectiveness.

Track progress, measure the effectiveness of RM

PROPERLY MONITOR activities, and gather feedback to identify areas for
AND EVALUATE improvement and learn from experience.
PROBLEMS OF VIETNAMESE CSOS
IN RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
1. FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
Mass organizations continuously are sponsored by the government,
while other NGOs and associations receive no or limited
government support.
Small-scale NGOs lack the financial resources for their long-term
development.
Some of them are too dependent on donors
Donor-driven policies may not suit the demands of multiple
stakeholders and common people.
Foreign donors frequently request 15-30 percent of the respective
contributions of Vietnamese partners (usually Vietnam's
government).
PROBLEMS OF VIETNAMESE CSOS
IN RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
2. HUMAN RESOURCE PROBLEMS
Weak and unstable human resources of NGOs with high
competition from market and government sectors.
Human resources for Vietnamese NGOs have been scarce due to
low employment income and competition from international
NGOs and markets.
A few leaders of NGOs experienced systematic training courses
before setting up their CSOs. Thus, the governance structure of
CSOs is inefficient and resembles the private enterprises for profit-
making purposes.
The governance structure and system of CSOs are incomplete and
weak. Their performance and sustainability are not ensured.
ACCOUNTABILITY
DEFINITION OF
ACCOUNTABILITY
Accountability is the basic principle of responsible
practice for any institution, public, private or NGO
(Edwards, Michael, NGO Rights and Responsibilities: A
new deal for Global governance, 2002)
‘the means by which individuals and organizations
report to a recognized authority (or authorities) and
are held responsible for their actions.’ (Edwards and
Hulme, 1996)
IMPORTANT FOR CSOS TO HOLD
ACCOUNTABILITY
Commitment to ethical and accountable organizational practice
CSOs are accountable for multiple stakeholders that make
competing accountability claims
Maintain public trust, responsibility to account for what it does and
how it does it
Ensure that CSOs core values and target groups are maintained
Provide evidence of their impact, benchmark performance and
maintain CSOs credibility with the donors
Transparency of fund usage→ Financial security
Facilitate partnership and collaboration
TOOLS/ MECHANIC USED TO ENSURE
ACCOUNTABILITY
01 02 03 04
TRANSPARENCY CONSULTATIVE GOVERNING COMPLAINTS AND
MECHANISM AND BOARDS WITH REDRESS
disclosure and public PARTICIPATORY EVALUATION MECHANISM
reporting (newsletters, MECHANISM MECHANISM
updates, briefs, etc. on
Actively involving Having independent Providing a structured
the organization’s work,
stakeholders in oversight bodies review process for addressing
financial status,
decision-making and assess the grievances about the
governance structure
and operational organization's organization's actions.
impact) performance.
ACCOUNTABILITY
PROBLEMS OF CS/CSOS
Ambiguous institutional framework
Lack of transparency
Some CSOs have low accountability in policy
and institutional influence
Weak governance structure of CSOs
Short-term accountability is the cost to
strategic accountability
Competing demands of multiple stakeholders
have negative effects on strategic
accountability
HOW TO STRENGTHEN CSO
ACCOUNTABILITY?
Create better institutional and political conditions for the development
of CSOs
Improve public supervision of CSOs: announce the funding process,
and share information on the financial accounts of CSOs.
Provide technical assistance to strengthen human resources and
governance structure of CSOs
Development programs to support behaviors of strategic
accountability rather than the short-term one
CSOs to diversify their funding sources and ensure their long-term
commitment to serve the society
THANKS FOR
LISTENING.