7

Arts
Quarter 3 – Module
3a: Arts and Crafts of
the
Ethno-Linguistic Groups of Mindanao
NegOr_Q3_MAPEH7_Module3a_v2
ARTS – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 3a: Arts and Crafts of the Ethno-Linguistic Groups of
Mindanao
Second Edition, 2021

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Florence M. Pinili
Editors: Jaymar R. Kinkito Armela T. Bustamante
Mary Rose G. Acupanda Bethel- Anne S. Parco
Reviewer: Mayflor Olarte-Abuso Bethel- Anne S. Parco
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Dan P. Alar EdD
Joelyza M. Arcilla, EdD Jenith C. Cabajon
Marcelo K. Palispis, EdD Nilita Maricel S. Rasid
L. Ragay, Ed.D Elmar L. Cabrera
Rosela R. Abiera

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tele
#: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will
tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of
each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are
provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

Mindanao is one of the group of islands in the Philippines and considered as the
second largest. It is found in the southern part of the country. This island is an outpost for
the Muslim community of a predominantly Roman Catholic country.
Mindanao’s arts and crafts are products of tradition and history, handed down
through generations. These are best displayed through their colorful textiles, body arts, and
other crafts. This module will introduce you to the various folk arts and designs of
Mindanao. Get yourself ready for in this wonderful journey,
Make sure you read what is presented in the module for you to enjoy fully the arts
and crafts of Mindanao…

What I Know
Direction: Read each item carefully and select your answer from the choices in the box.
Write your answer in your Arts notebook.
ikat deep brown abaca kulintang
hilot sarimanok red, brown, black sawal
t’nalak okir malong kapa

1. A sacred cloth in Mindanao which is used in exchange of something during

marriage and used as a cover during births.
2. It came from an old Malayan word meaning to carve or “ukit” in Filipino.
3. What do you call the legendary bird of the Maranao that is said to be a
symbol of good fortune?
4. Identify the common color tones found in a T’boli’s t’nalak.
5. It features long skirts for women, frequently woven with metallic threads, and
shorter, wrap-around skirts for the men.
6. A set of instruments that consists of a row of small brass or bronze gongs
horizontally laid upon a wooden rack.
7. A traditional dance which demonstrates the various ways of wearing a malong
and its uses.
8. The most common materials used by the ethno-linguistic groups in
Mindanao for weaving cloth.
9. A heavy brass belt commonly worn by T’boli women during festivals
10. A process of dyeing the fabric in which the yarns have been tie-dyed before
weaving.

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 What’s In
Direction: Below are some photos of arts and crafts from Mindanao. Describe the
feeling/mood/message (example: happy, sad, joyful, intense, lonely etc…) that
you get when you see these pictures. Write THREE DESCRIPTIONS for every
picture. Write your answers in your Arts notebook.

1. Maranao Brassware 2. Yakan Traditional Face Make-up

(Legaspi, 2020)

(Villalobos, 2017)

3. Sarimanok 4. Tinalak Fabric

Images of Sarimanok http://tboli.globalmatters.com/prod01.htm

Retrieved at : google.com

What’s New?
Direction: Before moving further, read the situation below and answer the question that
follows in 2-3 sentences only. Do this in your Arts notebook.

Your family is going on a trip to Mindanao. You are given some pocket money
to buy anything during the trip. You went to certain local cultural destinations in the

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rural places as well as in the cities that you visit. You also ate in the local
restaurants. You are so happy to have been able to travel with your family.

Question: What would you rather buy with your money during this trip: the traditional
accessories made and sold by the ethno-linguistic groups; or those cool apparel
that you can buy in the malls in the city? Why?

What is It

ATTIRE, TEXTILES AND TAPESTRIES

The Traditional Clothing of the B’laan

The Bilaan or B’laan is an ethnolinguistic group that

inhabits in some parts of South Cotobato, North Cotobato and
Davao del Sur. B’laan is a combination of two words, “bila,”
which means “house” and “an,” which means “people.”

The B’laan people are known for embroidery, brass

ornaments and beadwork that are integrated in their traditional
clothing. The B’laan wear clothes woven from abaca and
embellished with embroidery, buttons and beads where they
wear it under heavy brass belts with numerous tiny bells that
hang around their waistline. These produce pleasing chiming
sounds when they move.
(Ronald de Jong, 2009)

The B’laans weave highly-polished abaca textiles using the ikat process. Ikat is a
process of dyeing the fabric where the yarns are tightly wrapped with strings and dyed before
weaving. The textile usually contains three colors, shades of brown, black and red. The
B’laans put high value on their textiles (example, blankets are considered as an important
part of the bride’s dowry)

The Traditional Clothing of the Bagobo and the T’boli

The Bagobos are a group of people that live in Davao. They

are perceived to have come for the mixture of that native
population of the Hindu migrants that entered Mindanao
during the Sri Vijayan and Majapahit empires

The ceremonial attire of

Parangal Dance Company
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/4
the Bagobos is elaborate. They
96944140105592330/ make these clothes from a special
textile woven from abaca

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fibers called t’nalak. It is woven from deep brown abaca treated in the ikat process to obtain
intricate designs and only women are allowed to weave this fabric.

The men wear t’nalak shorts, an undershirt and a t’nalak coat. The bagani
(hero/warrior) wear blood-red clothes and a head kerchief called tangkulu. These articles of
clothing represent their courage. The women wear wrap-around t’nalak skirts and blouses.
Their blouses are adorned with floral patterns, checkers or paisley prints. It has short bell
sleeves and the waist area that falls right above the abdomen.

The T’boli, who live in and around Lake

Sebu, South Cotobato, are famous for their
complicated beadwork, wonderful woven fabrics
and beautiful brass ornaments. Similar to the
Bagobos, they regard the t’nalak as sacred.
Traditional wedding rituals involve the exchange
of this textile and during births, it is used as a
cover.
https://bit.ly/31XsbJC

The weavers believe that their gods

and ancestors visit them in their dreams to teach them the designs and patterns that they have
to weave. The most famous dream weaver is Lang Dulay who received the National Living
Treasures – Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) award by the National Commission for
Culture and the Arts (NCCA) in 1988.

Men are not allowed to touch the materials used

in the weaving process. The weaver is forbidden
to mate with her husband during the time that the
clothe is woven. They believe that if they break
these rules, the fiber will snap and destroy the
design.

T’nalak production is a painstaking process that

requires patience, a lot of creativity, good
https://app.emaze.com/@AOTRLFLZC#2
memory and a range of skills learned from a
young age by the weavers. The practice of making t’nalak has
been passed down from generation to generation for many centuries now. Each design has its
own meaning such as snake, flowers, or people’s names.

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The Traditional Clothing of the Maranao

Maranao means “People of the Lake,” referring to

people who occupy the lands surrounding Lanao Lake. They
are famous for their artworks, intricate weaving, wood
carving, metal craft and their epics. (Siobal, Lourdes, et. Al.,
R., 2017)

The Maranaos are known for their malong. The

malong is a traditional tube skirt that is made of hand-
woven or machine-made multi-colored cotton cloth, bearing a
variety of geometric or floral designs. It can be used in many
ways. Women can wear it as a skirt, a dress, a blouse or
gown. Depending on how it is folded, it can also be used as a
hammock, a basket, a sleeping bag, a bathrobe, or a baby
carriage.
Ligaya, asean 2015

The malong is similar to the sarong worn by

peoples in Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia. But
unlike the sarong, the malong is longer and is
stitched together at both ends to make a tube. A
traditional dance called Kapa Malong or Sambisa
Malong, demonstrates the various ways of
wearing a malong and its uses. Linuphysio’s World of Amazing Videos,
2017
Yakan

Basilan is home to the Yakans. They are popular for their skills in weaving. They
weave very intricate designs in their textiles, which they use for their clothes and other
accessories. Yakan hand-loomed fabrics are known for their use of bold colors and geometric
patterns. The traditional Yakan art of weaving originated from their hometown Lamitan, in
the island of Basilan.

Yakan fabrics are traditionally used as garments. The seputangan is a square cloth
used by the Yakan women as a head cover or belt. The badjulapi is a tight blouse with long
sleeves. It is ornamented with gold, silver, or bronze buttons. The sawal is traditional tight-
fitting trousers made of Yakan fabric characterized by its vertical stripes. The pinalantupan,
a type of skirt, is layered over the trousers. (Siobal, Lourdes, et. Al.,2017)

The different ethno-linguistic groups of Mindanao have distinct cultures and traditions as
displayed in their arts and crafts. Their art forms can be recognized through the use of
different materials, patterns, colors, and design motifs.

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 What’s more

CRAFTS, ACCESSORIES, AND BODY ORNAMENTS

Sarimanok

The Sarimanok is a legendary bird of the Maranao

which comes from the words “sari” meaning cloth or garment
and “manok” for chicken. It has become a significant symbol
of Maranao art. It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and
feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons. The head is
profusely decorated with scroll, leaf, and spiral motifs. It is said
to be a symbol of good fortune.
Images of Sarimanok
Retrieved at : google.com

Okir

It refers to traditional and unique carving and prominent

to any design among the Moro ethno- linguistic
communities. The name comes from an old Malayan word
which means carve or “ukit” in Filipino. It refers to as okir
in Maranao while okkil in Maguindanao. A new pattern now
known as okir motif has evolved from the indian stylized
bird-like and naga themes and the Islamic tradition of using
flowing flowers, vines and geometric patterns as well as
local artisan styles.

(Orgasan, 2016)

Face Makeup and Body Ornaments

A distinct form of visual arts of the

Yakan is the facial make-up applied on brides
and grooms. After applying a foundation of
white powder, dots and lines are painted in
various patterns on the faces, creating the
effect of formal elaborate masks which match
the ornate costumes of the couple. The bride
and groom wear different accessories.
Legaspi, 2020

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Wedding attire:
Male
 Pis – hand-woven head cloth;
worn as symbolic protection from spears
or knives
 Kandit – 15-m belt or sash made
of gilim (red cloth)
 Shirts that are believed to be
bulletproof with Arabic script designs
prepared by imams and hadjis. Female
 Short skirt over trousers
Both
Ella Luiting3 (Siobal, Lourdes, et. Al., R., 2017)  Saruk – hat worn to add
elegance

Ornaments:
 Crocodile tooth necklace for fortune
 Triangular amulets with symbols wrapped in black cloth (anting-anting)
against bullets
 Snake bone belts to guard from pain
 Maniktegiyes – a necklace or bracelet of beads from dried fruit seeds to
protect from illness cause by evil spirits
 Maniksembulan – necklace or bracelets made of a bamboo stem cut into
short pieces; serves as added protection

Functional articles:

 Pegupaan – bamboo container

for chewing betel nut
 Lutuan – a small bronze box
with engravings carried at the waist

London Coin Gallery

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/568086940467170 437/

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 T’boli Accessories
Hilot is a heavy brass belt worn by women
during festivals. The T’boli nobility wear it with bracelets
and anklets, furnished with ball-bearings that make a
sound as the wearer walks. The bells that are hung from
the distinctive brass or beaded belts signal the approach of
a woman.
Suwatlmimotis is a wooden comb with
colored glass beads hanging from it, worn toward the back
of the head.

Neaman,Beth
https://www.pinterest.co.kr/pin/446982331741063915/

Brass Making – Kulintang

The kulintang is a musical instrument

composed of eight different-sized brass gongs laid upon a
wooden rack. It is made of brass with intricate designs
and embossed top where it can be hit by wooden mallets
to produce music.

Trimillos, 2021.
Other brass instruments include the gadang, the two-headed cylindrical drum, as well
as the duahanagong pair consisting of the bua (a giant sized gong) and pulakan (a narrow
shaped knobbed gong). (Siobal, Lourdes, et. Al.,2017)

What I Have Learned

Share your insights. Complete the following statements in your Arts notebook.

I have learned that

I have realized that

I will apply

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 What I Can Do

You have learned the different arts and crafts of Mindanao. The Sarimanok is one of
the most renowned art forms in this region and you can make an image of yourself out of it.
You will need:
 Any coloring materials you have at home, or can buy (crayons, or coloring
pen/pencils, or pastel, or water color, or paint). Whichever is most accessible or
available.
 Printed coloring pattern (this will be provided by the teacher) If the teacher is unable
to provide due to limited resources, you may draw the pattern provided in the next
page.

Instruction:
 Prepare the above materials
 Using any coloring material, color the sarimanok pattern as you desire.
 You may use any color in doing so with dominant features of red, blue and yellow
which, in tradition, symbolized the colors of the Philippine Flag

Grading will be as follows:

5 4 3
Criteria Excellent Good Poor
1. Color and The use of at least 5 The use of at least The use of one
creativity colors or more 3-color color leading to
combination having combination with poor output.
remarkable an acceptable
creativity. skill of creativity
2. Craftsmanship Output is Output is fair with Output is poorly
exceptionally unique less attention to made with no
with much attention details. attention to
to details. details at all.
3. Effort Work shows extra Work shows basic Work shows little
effort is exerted to effort is to less effort is
make the output special. exerted to make exerted to make
the output. the output.
4. Punctuality The student submitted The student The student
the output on time. submitted the submitted as a
output a few “removal”.
weeks after the
submission
period.

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Suggestion to the teacher: Please provide photocopy to the students (if possible)
the pattern found on the next page so that they will no longer draw the “Sarimanok”
pattern.

Name: Grade and Section:

Points earned:

“SARIMANOK”

https://makaylamansom.blogspot.com/2018/05/20-fantastic-ideas-art-
sarimanok.html, posted May 1, 2018

Assessment
Direction: Read each item carefully and select your answer from the choices in the box.
Write your answers in your Arts notebook.
ikat deep brown abaca kulintang
hilot sarimanok red, brown, black sawal
t’nalak okir malong kapa

1. The common color tones found in a T’boli’s T’nalak.

2. A traditional dance which demonstrates the various ways of wearing a malong
and its uses.
3. A heavy brass belt commonly worn by T’boli women during festivals
4. It came from an old Malayan word which means carve or “ukit” in Filipino.
5. An instrument that consists of a row of small brass or bronze gongs
horizontally laid upon a wooden rack.

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NegOr_Q3_MAPEH7_Module3a_v2
 6. The legendary bird of the Maranao said to be a symbol of good furtune.
7. Features long skirts for the women, frequently woven with metallic threads, and
shorter, wrap-around skirts for the men.
8. Most common materials used by the ethno-linguistic groups in Mindanao for
weaving cloth.
9. A process of dyeing the fabric in which the yarns have been tie-dyed before
weaving.
10. Sacred cloth which is exchanged during marriages and used as a cover during
births.

Additional Activity

Direction: Catriona Gray visited Mindanao to experience their culture and traditions. Watch
this link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkBh4TSYyHY and share to your
friends, family or relatives about this video (only if possible).

Answer Key

10. t’nalak 5. kulintang

9. ikat 4. okir
8. abaca 3. deep brown
7. malong 2. kapa
6. sarimanok 1. red, brown, black
Assessment:
scoring the output.
Performance based assessment , Rubrics are provided to guide in
What can I do:

Answers may vary

What’s New:

Answers may vary Answers may vary

What I have learned: What’s In:

10. ikat 5. malong

9. hilot 4. red, brown, black
8. abaca 3. sarimanok
7. kapa 2. okir
6. kulintang 1. t’nalak
What I know:

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References:
Siobal, Lourdes R. et. Al. , Music and Arts 7, Learner’s Material, PEP Printing Corporation,
Philippines, 2017, pp 216- 220, pp 222- 224.
Villalobos, Apolinario, “The Philippine Brassware”, posted July 6, 2017,
http://penpowersong.blogspot.com/2017/07/the-philippine-brassware.html,
retrieved December 14, 2021.
Legaspi, John,” LOOK: Catriona Gray dons traditional Yakan face paint”, October 12, 2020 ,
https://mb.com.ph/2020/10/12/look-catriona-gray-dons-traditional-
yakan-face-paint/, retrieved December 14, 2021.
Filipino Mythology: Who is Sarimanok, November 16, 2019,
https://ch4niewriter.blogspot.com/2019/11/filipino-mythology-who-is-
sarimanok.html, retrieved December 14, 2021.
http://tboli.globalmatters.com/prod01.htm, retrieved December 14, 2021 Ronald
de Jong, 2009, “The Bilaan Tribe of Southern Mindanao”,
http://thingsasian.com/story/bilaan-tribe-southern-mindanao. retrieved
December 14, 2021
Parangal Dance Company, https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/496944140105592330/, retrieved
December 14, 2021
https://app.emaze.com/@AOTRLFLZC#2, Texere Artem Virtual Exhibit, retrieved
December 14, 2021
Ligaya, Asean 2015, “Pinoy Culture”, https://pinoy-
culture.tumblr.com/post/34332784469/asean2015-asean-community-malong-
philippines, retrieved December 15, 2021
Orgasan, Alexandra, 2016, “Panulong”,
https://www.behance.net/gallery/43282037/OKIR, retrieved December 15, 2021
Luiting3, Ella, “MP PH Moro Yakan”, https://www.pinterest.de/AsiaCostumes/mp-ph-
moro-yakan/, retrieved December 15, 2021.
London Coin Galleries Newport Beach, “Carved Bamboo Lime Containers”,
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/568086940467170437/, retrieved December 15, 2021.
Neaman, Beth, https://www.pinterest.co.kr/lambago/tboli-indigenous-people-of-
sarangani-province-mind/ retrieved December 15, 2021
Trimillos, Ricardo O., “Kulintang Kultura: Filipino Musical Musings and American
Meanings”, October 29, 2021, https://folklife.si.edu/magazine/kulintang- kultura-
filipino-musical-musings-american-meanings, retrieved December 15, 2021.
20+ Fantastic Ideas Art Sarimanok Drawing Easy Step By Step,
https://makaylamansom.blogspot.com/2018/05/20-fantastic-ideas-art-
sarimanok.html, posted May 1, 2018.

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: [email protected]
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net