American Legion

THE AMERICAN
LEGION
MAGAZINE 20 C 'JUNE 1964
THE EYES OF THE WORLD AT
THE LANDING ON
OMAHA BEACH
PRODUCER JOHN FORD TELLS HOW THEY FILMED
THE NORMANDY INVASION / BY PETE MARTIN
The Career of A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS

CHARLES
de
GAULLE
Anchors
(Song of the
fMSh
United States Navy J
Stand, Navy, out to sea,

Fight our battle cry;
We'll never change our course,
So vicious foe steer shy-y-y-y
Roll out the TNT Anchors Aweigh
Sail onto victory
And sink their bones to Davy Jones, hooray!
Yo ho there shipmate, take the fighting to

the far off seas;
Yo ho there messmate, hear the wailing of
the wild banshees.
All hands fire brands
Let's blast them as we go. So
Anchors Aweigh my boys, Anchors Aweigh

Farewell to college joys,
We sail at break of day-day-day-day!
Through our last night on shore,
Drink to the foam,
Until we meet once more
Here's wishing you a happy voyage home.
Heave aho there sailor, ev'rybody drink

up while you may;
Heave aho there sailor, for you're gonna
sail at break of day,
Drink away, drink away,
For you sail at break of day, Hey!
"ANCHORS AWEIGH" by Capt Alfred H Miles and

Chas. A. Zimmermann. Revised lyric by George D. Lottman.
© Copyright 1907, 1930. 1942, 1943 Robbins Music Corpo-
ration, N. Y Copyright Renewal 1935, 1958 Robbins Music
Corporation, New York. N
Y Used by Special Permission.
The American
LEGION Magazine
Send Form
Volume
JUNE
~6,
POSTMASTER:
1964
Number 6
351!) to P.O. Box 10.".,

Indianapolis, Ind. 46206
The American Legion Magazine

Editorial &Advertising Offices
Contents for June 1964 720 Fifth Avenue
New York, New York 1001!)
Publisher, James F. O'Neil

ANCHORS AWEIGH OPPOSITE Editor
Robert B. Pitkin
ART BY WALLY RICHARDS
Art Editor
The U.S. Navy song, done up so you can cut it out Al Marshall
and frame it if you wish. Associate Editors
John \ndreola
Roy Miller
THE FLAG IS US 6 James S. Swartz
Production Manager
BY NATIONAL COMMANDER DANIEL F. FOLEY Kalph Peluso
Imagine exercising your freedom to slur the flag, when Copy Editor
the flag is the symbol of the freedom Grail S. Hanford
you are exercising! Contributing Editor
Pete Martin
Circulation Manager
THE CAREER OF CHARLES DE GAULLE 12 Dean B. Nelson
BY GERALD L. STEIBEL Indianapolis, Ind.
Advertising Director
From whence came the independence and self-assurance Robert P. Redden
of the lone wolf leader of France? His Chicago-Detroit Sales Office
life story explains much. Bart J. Burns
33 East Warker Drive
Chicago, 111. 606U1
WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH 14 CEntral 6-2101
BY PETE MARTIN
On the 20th anniversary of the great Normandy invasion, CHANGE OF ADDRESS:
movie producer John Ford tells what it was like Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 111,..
to land with cameras instead of guns. Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office
Form 3578. Attach old address label and
give old and new addresses and current
GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR'S FAREWELL 20 membership card number. Also be sure to
not f v
i > our Post Adjutant.
BY GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR
The lateGeneral MacArthur's farewell speech to the corps
of cadets at West Point told what duty, honor and The American Legion
Publications Commission:
country mean to the soldier and the officer. Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa
(Chairman) i Adnlph F. Bremer. Winona.
Minn. (Vice Chairman); Lang Armstrong,
A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS 22 Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth. Hunting
BY ROBERT B. PITKIN ton. If. I'a.; John Cicero, Suoyerville Pa.; ,
E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Flu.; Clovis Cope-

Lost in the pontificating over the murder of a President is the land. Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Dague. Down-
fact that Dallas is one of the finest convention cities mgtonn. Pa.; Raymond Fields. Guymon, Okln.;
in the land. A first-hand preview of the site of Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Co.; George 1>.
Levy, Sumter, S. C: Edward Lougstreth. La
the Legion's 1964 National Convention. Jolla. Calif. : Frank C. Love. Syracuse, N. Y.
Morris Meyer. Starkville, Miss.; Robert
Mitchler, Oswego, 111.: Harry H. Schaffer.
SHOULD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CONTINUE Pittsburgh. Pa.: Harold \. Shindler, Lafayette,
Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greenshurg. Ky.;
SUPPORTING STATE "RIGHT-TO-WORK" LAWS? 26 Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol. Conn.; Robert
H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala. Edivard MeSweenev.
TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION trmonk, N. Y. (Consultant!
pfo: REP. WILLIAM M. TUCK (D-VA.)
con: SEN. HARRISON WILLIAMS, JR. (D-N.J.)
The American Legion Magazine is published
monthly at West Broadway, Louisville,
1100
A REPORT FROM THE ALASKAN EARTHQUAKE 28 Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright
1961 by The American Legion. Second-class
BY KEN SCHANK postage paid at Louisville. Ky. Price: single
In a moment the city was wrecked but the people were copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, $2.00.
Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir-
still there. The American Legion in Anchorage culation Department of The American Legion.
reports on what happened then. P.O. Bov 1053. Indianapolis. Ind. 16206
Editorial and advertising offices 720 5tli Ave.,
:
New York, N. Y. 10010. Wholly owned by

The American Legion, with National Head-
quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 16206. Daniel
Departments F. Foley, Rational Commander.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 31

Publisher's Representatives
EDITOR'S CORNER 4 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 33 West Coast
Arden E. Roney & Assoc.
DATELINE WASHINGTON 8 PERSONAL 47 Lo9 Angeles & San Francisco, Calif.
/VorfAicesf
BOOKS 10 LEGION SHOPPER 52
The Harlowe Co.
Seattle, Wash. 98101
ROD & GUN CLUB 30 PARTING SHOTS 515
Southeast
Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, The Dawson Co.
stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga.
THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 1

ing? There is nothing medical about the
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR decision. Certainly no matter how bad

cigarettes may or may not be for health
it is not up to the government to make
people quit smoking, but only to educate

them. This decision does neither. It keeps
Letters published do not necessarily ex- the greatest theme to keynote the
press the policy of The American Legion. free cigarettes away from the patient
Keep letters sliort. Name and
address must Legion's Americanism efforts in the past who decides he wants to smoke anyway
be furnished. Expressions of opinion and two decades.
requests for personal services are appreci- but hasn't the money to buy them; while
ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Samuel E. Miller it lets the equivalent fellow who's in
answered, due to lack of magazine staff for Bentonville, Ark.
these purposes. Requests for personal serv- better circumstances go right on smok-
ices which may be legitimately asked of ing by buying his cigarettes. If the VA
The American Legion should b" made to sir: I certainly agree that American
your Post Service Officer or your state can send you a letter showing how it
history should be well taught in our
(Department) American Legion Hq. Send makes sense I'd sure like to see it pub-
letters to the editor to: Letters. The schools. I also think we should watch
American Legion Magazine. 720 5th Ave- lished, so we can examine the thinking
out for slanted textbooks. The Russians
nue. New York. N. Y. 10019. behind this very peculiar executive de-
aren't the only ones who rewrite history.
cision.
THE STOCK MARKET Arne Oesterle
Elmon DeS. Green
Greenville, III.
sir: Richard Rush's on a five-year
article Los Angeles, Calif.
stock market boom (April) was very
THE BIBLE
impressive. sir: Isn't that a stupid decision? How
sir: I have never read a better article about the patient with no money? It all
Roman S. Gorski
on the great subject of The Bible than sounds like a political gesture plus a
Professor of Business Administration
Pete Martin's "How They Translate the grab for monopoly on sales (in the VA
Neio Mexico Western College
Bible into 1,202 Languages," in the April canteens). People either do or do not
Silver City, N. Mex.
issue. I have been a supporter of the smoke. It's as simple as that.
Bible Society in a small way over the
sir: A note to tell you how much I en- Laurence B. Gray
years, and it warmed my heart to see Harrison, Maine
joyed Mr. Rush's stock market piece in
this in ycur magazine.
April. I hope informative articles of this
C. Olin Edwards, Brigadier sir:Should the government prohibit the
nature will continue to be presented.
The Salvation Army use, sale or manufacture of tobacco
Francis Gernovsky
Eureka, Calif. products? No, never! Should the govern-
Philadelphia, Pa.
ment keep the public informed on smok-
sir: I want to commend your April ing hazards? Yes.
TEACHING HISTORY article on the work of the Bible Society. Jan Grybos
sir: Isay "thank you" for Nat'l Com- It is splendid. Elmira, N. Y.
mander Foley's April editorial on the Rev. Thom Williamson
need to teach American history, "Yes- Decatur, Ga. GENERAL MACARTHUR
—
terday the Key to Today and Tomor- sir: Douglas MacArthur, besides being
row." I am a high school teacher in the THOSE OTHER LEGIONS a great general, was, I believe, the great-
social studies field, and I believe and try sir: Thanks for your story on The est I was
statesman of our time. In 1900
to teach that American history is essen- American Legion, Inc., (April News a buck private under his father Gen. —
tial to the growth and development of section) which was organized for pre- —
Arthur MacArthur in the Philippines.
young Americans. I will list the articles paredness before we entered WW1. 1 was Willard Q. Kinsman
in the April issue on Lexington and in it in 1916, but when I tell people I Brockton, Mass.
Concord, and on the National Anthem was a member of The American Legion
on the reading list for my students. in 1916 they call me a liar. Not only was sir: The memory of General Douglas
Julia G. Simmons I in the U. S. American Legion of that
MacArthur will be cherished as long as
Saranac, N. Y. time, but when I crossed the Canadian the patriotic spirit of America survives.
border as a uniformed Plattsburger I Mr. & Mrs. Arthur McQuern
sir: read with interest and satisfaction
I was "plied with liquor" by recruiters of Santa Ana, Calif.
Commander Foley's editorial on teach- the Canadian American Legion, the 97th
ing history. I thoroughly agree. I am a Overseas Infantry Bat. THE ANTHEM
WW1 veteran and a retired Texas Public Gordon T. Fish sir: Thanks and congratulations on the
School teacher. Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. excellent article on Francis Scott Key
D. W. Ratchford and the Star-Spangled Banner. This is
San Marcos, Tex. NEW IDEA the first time I've seen the full story in
sir: There ought to be an Argument print, and packed with so many exciting
sir: I go down
the line 100% with Com- Club for the people who haveto argue details of that important event in our
mander Foley's editorial on teaching about something and have to win the history. My copy is going to my junior
history. As a substitute teacher, I find argument before they're satisfied high school nephew and — I wish — every-
the children fascinated to learn the his- where they can let off steam and go away one's nephew too.
tory behind many of the things they happy, so when they
get in their cars Ruth Beeler White
study. and drive they don't argue with all the New York, N. Y.
Mrs. Sam Harper other drivers with their steering wheels
Smyrna, Ga. CORRECTION
and their accelerators and horns.
Paul Dille sir: In your piece in the April Editor's
agree with Commander Foley
sir: I fully Dassel, Minn.
Corner about electoral votes you said
on the teaching of history. Lincoln didn't get the majority of the
Mrs. Richard L. Ball A sort of Arguers Anonymous? electoral votes in 1860. He didn't get the
New Bedford, Mass. majority of the popular vote, but he got
CIGARETTES & THE VA 59.5% of the electoral vote, and that's
sir: "Yesterday — the Key to Today and sir: You reported in your Veterans —
to a gnat's eyelash 180 out of 303 elec-
Tomorrow" is worthy
the highest
of Newsletter that the Veterans Adminis- toral votes.
commendation. "What we learn from tration is banning the giving of free Fred Marty
history is absolutely nothing" has be- cigarettes hospitalized veterans
to Colby, Kan.
come the cruelest hoax ever perpetrated although of course the patients can still
upon American progeny in many gen- buy cigarettes. In all seriousness, isn't True. We feel silly. We had all the dope
erations. Commander Foley's editorial is this some sort of political grandstand- right in front of us and loused it up.
2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964
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EDITOR'S
THE TRUTH ABOUT •CORNER
ARTHRITIS The
BEYOND BELIEF
scope of the Alaskan earthquake dis-
aster is beyond belief.
When Eugene Foley, head of the U.S.
Small Business Administration, rushed to
PAIN
Alaska right after the Good Friday earth-
quake, he told the Governor of Alaska:
"This will take more than government
help, it will take private agencies too."
"One private agency has already offered
its help," said Governor Egan, "The
American Legion."
In two other places in this issue we
touch on the Legion's aid in Alaska. Here
we acknowledge the contributions that
have already poured in as a result of our
May editorial, and we would ask everyone
who has ever recited the Legion Preamble
to make a contribution, however small, to
the Legion's emergency fund, which a
board of responsible Legionnaires in An-
Doctors know that no absolute chorage is administering.
cure for arthritis has yet been Herald Stringer, of Anchorage, told us
that an incredible 60% of the tax base of
discovered. However, a method
the State was wiped out. The Legion's re-
has been developed to ease the lief won't restore the state, except as it
minor pain of chronic rheumatoid helps restore the people. Every person in
arthritis, whenever it occurs. Valdez was moved out. After the quake
flattened Valdez, the tidal wave rolled
Doctors all over the country are over Fleeing with little more than what
it.
recommending this Niagara® they were wearing, many of them return

method. They have seen it bring Discover the remarkable results not only to no homes —
but to no jobs
either, as their places of employment were
prompt, effective relief from of extensive clinical experience wrecked. So it is in many other com-
minor arthritis pain. Now, you and doctor-supervised research munities. If you are a Legionnaire, or
can -get all the facts about this conducted throughout the last ten Auxiliare. or one of the Sons of The
outstanding Niagara method that American Legion, make it 100% by send-

years. Find out how to combat ing something to your state Legion Hq,
many doctors recommend. many common problems of the payable to "American Legion Alaskan Re-
over-40 years—without resorting lief." If you don't know the address of
FREE INFORMATIVE BOOKLET to drusis.

your state Hq, send it to us, and we'll ac-
knowledge it (if your name and address
Learn the truth about arthritis are on the envelope) and forward it un-
pain. Read the latest information Send today for this free booklet opened. Do it now and mail it to:
about many typical symptoms of -"ACHES, PAINS Alaskan Relief
American Legion of (your state)
men and women over 40 in- . . . AND TENSION ACHES.
c/o American Legion Magazine
cluding fatigue, simple nervous- AFTER 40." It's PAINS
and 720 5th Ave.
ness, lack of sleep, as well as the yours without obli- jtMSlOHS New York, N.Y. 10019
minor pain and muscle spasm of AfTf* 40
gation. Simply mail THE SIXTH OF JUNE
chronic arthritis and rheumatism. the coupon below. June 6 is the 20th anniversary of the
Normandy landings. In this issue we
offer theview of Omaha Beach as movie
NIAGARA THERAPY CORP. producer John Ford and his Coast Guard
Dept. AL-6, 23 West 47th St., New York, N. Y. 10036
—
cameramen saw it as told by Ford to
Please rush complete information on the dynamic new concept of body care Pete Martin.
without drugs . the remarkable method already discovered by millions of
. . We wonder how many American Le-
people, thousands of doctors. Send the informative booklet, "ACHES, PAINS gion posts will arrange some special event
AND TENSION AFTER 40." I understand this booklet is mine free, and with- to mark the Sixth of June. Of all the anx-
out obligation. ious days of the Second World War, In-
vasion Day for Normandy seems to us the
Name.. one day of our greatest anxiety, our pro-
foundest prayers, our most dreadful
Address.. doubts, our most fervent hopes. It is worth
remembering in every community in some
City State Zip Code tangible way.
Will your Post do something this June
6 to commemorate the fateful day when
we cast the dice of war so irretrievably?
RBP
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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964

Y,
5
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
The Flag Is Us
By NATIONAL CO MMANDER^^^j/^'
^
On June symbolAmerican
to the
14 the
of all
people will pause to pay tribute
that our country stands for. Flag
itself is
to express.
our foremost symbol of the independence they claimed
Day, 1964, presents each of us with an opportunity for a It noteworthy that patriotic irreverence of this kind is
is
meaningful exercise in patriotism. rarely practiced by foreign-born Americans. Many of our

It should be a day of personal as well as public reflection. new citizens have come from lands where freedom is a dream
For our love of the flag can be truly meaningful only if it and the national flag a signal of oppression. They are not
expresses our love and understanding of the ideas which the embarrassed to stand up for Old Glory because they know
flag symbolizes. and love what Old Glory stands for.
American Legionnaires are known and proudly so as — — The privileges we enjoy as citizens will last only as long as
flag wavers. We resent and regret any action that smacks of we fulfill our responsibilities of citizenship. It is not enough
disrespect for the Stars and Stripes. We do so because, like to want freedom and to know how it was won in an earlier
Francis Scott Key, we have seen Old Glory embattled and day. To preserve it, we must defend and earn it.
we have known the joy of helping to keep it high "o'er the In the history of nations, liberty has been lost more often
ramparts we watch." through internal negligence than through external aggression.
Old Glory belongs to every American. It proclaims our The flag should be for each of us a constant incentive to alert,
freedom, our rights, our duties. But in the family of nations responsible citizenship.
it more than just another national ensign.
is Woodrow Wilson once said: "The things that the flag stands
If the American flag were to stand merely for nationalism for were created by the experiences of a great people. . . .
— for a loyalty required of citizens —

it would be no different The flag is the embodiment, not of sentiment, but of history.
and mean no more than any other flag. But ours is a very It represents the experiences made by men and women, the
special flag, with special significance for mankind. all experiences of those who do and live under that flag."
It signifies that the Declaration of Independence, as Abra- How well we understand and value those experiences of
ham Lincoln said, "gave liberty not alone to the people of the past will help determine the kind of America we build
this country, but hope to all the world." for the future.
It reminds us of Alexander Hamilton's admonition: "It Today, the Stars and Stripes keep somber vigil over the
is up to the American people by their conduct and example graves of American fighting men around the world. Young
to decide the important question, whether societies of men Americans in the uniform of their country serve under the
are really capable or not of establishing good government colors of their country from Berlin to Vietnam, from the
from reflection and choice." Aleutians to Antarctica. Where the flag goes, there goes
It stands for a way of life fashioned, as nearly as possible, —
America the last best hope of all who aspire to a life of
after Almighty Gods way — a society built upon spiritual freedom with dignity and justice.
values, offering challenge for the strong, help for the weak, Flag Day will suggest these and many more thoughts about
and compassion for the unfortunate. It tells us that in this the character and ideals of our country. It is a good day for
land, as in no other, an individual can advance to the limit seriously examining our individual concepts of America for —
of his talents —
unafraid, and unhindered by the circumstances measuring our performance against America's promise.
of his birth. Let us display the flag with care and pride. Let us encour-
Because we cannot comprehend America and all it repre- age others, especially the children of our communities, to
sents in any other simple way, the flag is a focal image of view the flag with a pride founded upon reasoned under-
our loyalty. We worship as we choose, say what we believe, standing of the great national purposes it heralds.
work where and as we like, vote according to diverse shad- Among recent leaders of the nation, none excelled the late
ings of political opinion. For all one hundred and eighty mil- President Kennedy in the ability to articulate those purposes
lion of us, whatever our differences, the flag affirms our com- in the context of our times. "All the propaganda, all of the
mon citizenship in one indivisible nation. messengers around the world, pale next to the fact of what
we are," he said. "If we can do well here, if we can develop
is unfortunate, but understandable, that not all Ameri- our resources, if we can protect the rights of our people, if
It cans show proper respect for the flag; not all Americans we can maximize their opportunities, if we can build a strong
appreciate their blessings. To refuse to join in the pledge of society, then the message of freedom will be carried around
allegiance, as a group of teen-age students recently did in the world."
a widely reported incident, is a sobering show of ignorance The American flag will continue to deliver that message
and apathy about what America means. The youngsters said so long as we, by our sacrifice and integrity and courage,
they wanted to assert their independence. I wonder how many continue to send it, for the flag is neither more nor less than
of those students realized their own dilemma that the flag — the symbol of "what we are."

ON THE 20t
Twentieth Century-Fox is proud to partici-
pate in the salute to the veterans of America

whose courage and bravery helped to change
the course of history.
MADELEINE RENIUO
DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S "THE LONG-

EST DAY" has brought to people in every
'V:
corner of the world the story of the heroic
valor and greatness of the Allied Forces.
Now for the first time, we present this inter-

nationally acclaimed hit at POPULAR
PRICES with every exciting scene intact.
Legionnaires who have never seen this epic
drama will thrill to its power, magnificence

and human courage. And those who have
seen it before, will want to see it again at this i
time of rededication.
Throughout the land, wherever "THE

LONGEST DAY" is playing, theatres will
offer their cooperation to local American

Legion Posts in making D-Day + 20 an
event to remember.
DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S THE

FOREIGN POLICY "FLEXIBLE."
THE SOVIET-CHINA CONFLICT.
DATELINE
PLIGHT OF U. S. INDIANS. WASHINGTON
Pa ssword at the State Department today is "flexible PEOPLE AND QUOTES
p olicy. Thus, the U.S. government is "flexible" in THANK YOU NOTE
dealing with the communist countries Officially, . . .
"To hell with your aid!"
we are more flexible in dealing with Yugoslavia, President Sukarno of Indonesia.
Poland, Hungary; less flexible but still flexible,
dealing with Russia; inflexible vis-a-vis Red China; VOICE OF CASTRO
and inflexible-plus about Castro's Cuba. "We will claim the base
Says Secretary of State Rusk, explaining why the (Guantanamo) in the moment
United States treats different communist countries dif- we consider convenient and
ferently: "The Communist world is no longer a single will use the ways of interna-
flock of sheep following blindly behind one leader." tional organizations that we
Some of the communist governments have become respon- will consider convenient for
sive, in varying degrees, if not directly, to the our claim." President Dorticas
aspirations of their people, at least to kindred aspi- of Cuba.
rations of their own The United States should en-
. . .
courage this trend, say Washington's "flexibles." HAPPY SCHOOL DAYS

Rusk says U.S. prime goal is inflexible: to oppose "College students are mar-
ried, employed, going to or re-
communist expansion, by force or threat of force, around
the world. turning from a conference, ap-
prehensive about examinations,
Red Russia and Red China, like thieves falling out are , ruled by the clock like the most
saying all sorts of mean things about each other these days harried executives which is
. . .
althougn it takes hignly sjcilleu interpreters of Sino- why so many are also in the
Soviet semantics to figure out what they really mean. midst of psychiatric treatment."
In Washington, the theory is that Khrushchev and Mao Dr. Jacques Barzun, Dean of
Tse-tung are not only fighting over personal power and Faculties, Columbia Uni-
glory as the No. 1 leader of the communists' world, but versity.
also over the basic approach to world revolution.
The Chinese, who have little to lose themselves, A LITTLE KNOWLEDGE
have demanded that the Russians go all out to promote "There is nothing so stupid
world revolution by force, without regard to consequences as an educated man, if you get
. .The Russians, though, figure they've much to lose,
.
him off the thing he was edu-
including national survival if nuclear war should break cated in." The late Will Rogers.
out Around the world the red parties are also split-
. . .
PATRIOTISM
ting over this issue Question is how can the
. . .
"Only those Americans who
United States best exploit the red split? are willing to die for their
Among Americans living in seemingly perpetual poverty country are fit General
to live."
are the 380, 000 Indians eking out a substandard exist- of the Army Douglas Mac-
ence on isolated reservations scattered through the Arthur, deceased.
United States.
NO FLEXIBILITY
The Indians are citizens, vote, perform military serv- "You are endangering the
ice, pay taxes, and are desperately poor. defense of the country by de-
The reservations rate among the worst off of the pending on this weapon sys-
nation's "pockets of poverty" unemployment seven times — tem [intercontinental missiles]
greater than national average housing indecent educa- ; ;
alone because you have no
tion at a low level average age of death 42.
;
flexibility. You only have two
Under Bureau of Indian Affairs, the United States is choices: You are either off the
trying new approaches to generations-old problem: build- button and are at peace or you
ing new homes through mutual help, setting up tribal are on the button and you are
enterprises (such as ski-lift), encouraging establish- at war." Gen. Curtis LeMay,
ment of factories near reservations Encourag- . . .
Air Force chief of staff.
ing progress is being made with Seminole Indians of
Florida, who g ave up resistance to United States only SMALL-SCALE TECHNOLOGY
ten years a go ! "Too often we think of tech-
One of few assets of these natives is their claim nological development as build-
against United States for wrongs done a century ago . . . ing big factories, but people in
Congress has recognized the need to settle these ancient my country need very basic
claims, but in two decades only about 20% of the claims knowledge." Nigerian Ambas-
have been settled to date. sador Julius M. Udochi.
8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE « JUNE 1964
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- BOOKS f
THE CONSERVATIVE AMERICAN, by The brand new "Concise Dictionary of
Clarence Manion. The Devin-Adair Co., American Biography" is a single volume,
The Left and The Right $4.75. filling about two inches of shelf-length. It
During most of the last 32 years liberal contains in its 1,273 pages— say its pub-
SUICIDE OF THE WEST, by James Bum major public offices
politicians have held the lishers— every reference that is in the big
ham. The John Day Co., $5.95. in our federal government, says Dean set, 14,870 in all. Naturally, many of the
Self-avowed political liberals, and the Manion. I heir influence on our foreign and biographies have been condensed to get all
cued that they call liberalism, are causing domestic policies lias given rise to an op- of them in one volume. Part of the reduc-
the West to suffer defeats, losses and with- posing force, conservatism. With this as his tion has also been achieved with smaller
drawals in with communism,
its struggle premise, Manion presents in capsule form type, larger pages and thinner paper. The
states Mr. Burnham. His book is both a study highlights of the political struggles that have test, as we saw it, was whether in the process
and an indictment of the creed that cur- been carried on in both major parties since of condensation, the work had been butch-
Ha\ ing failed
rently sules itself "liberalism." that time between the forces of liberalism ered to worthlessness. First we looked at the
to solve the political problems which have and conservatism. great names— George Washington, the other
been challenging Western civilization since In a separate section, he discusses the Presidents, and other familiar names in our
the earliest days of the Bolshevik Revolu- principlesand rights that he feels must be history. We felt that the biographies of
tion, liberalism comforts the defeated and fought for and preserved if our national them were unstinted and entirely adequate.
excuses its defeats by claiming that they are sovereignty is to be perpetuated. csh We then went to the other extreme and
in fact victories, says Burnham. In doing so, examined obscure names that few people-
it an easy way out of facing the awful
oilers today would be expected to know. Here is
truth is once
that civilization again being where the big saving
in space was made,
overrun by barbarians. Persons of Note
Starting with a geography lesson that with two- or three-
might well be entitled "How The West Has CONCISE DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN line entries that are
Shrunk," Mr. Burnham proceeds to define BIOGRAPHY— A one-volume condensation identifications, not bi-
llie "liberal type" and to identify specific of the main volume "Dictionary of Ameri- ographies. Example:
liberals. He examines their political and can Biography," edited by Joseph G. E. Hop- "Perry, Enoch Wood
social goals, what motivates people to be- kins. Charles Scribner's Sons. $22.50. (b. Boston, Mass.,
come liberals and (he effect of this liberalism he many volumes of the original "Dic-
I 1831; d. New York,
on our government's policies. He sees mod- tionary of American Biography" occupy N. Y., 1015) , portrait
ern liberalism as a major contributory factor about an even three feet of shelf-length in and genre painter."
in the death of the West, a death which he our library. They are a valuable, time-tested Finally, we went to
fee ls is inevitable unless today's disease of reference to men and women of the past the "middlin'
self-deceit is checked and a major reversal who have made a mark on the American names, great men in
Walt Whitman
in our way of thinking and acting takes scene— a classic reference encyclopedia of their but not
fields,
place. American people. Lincolns or Washingtons. Showman Florenz
Ziegfeld has 17 informative lines; bacteriolo-
gist Hans Zinsser has 26 of the same; poet
Walt Whitman has more than two pages;
Pilgrim captain Myles Standish gets 16 lines;
pharmacist Edward R. Squibb has II of
them; railroader Leland Stanford has a full
column.
Of all the Englishmen Conclusion: This work is entirely ade-

quate as a one-volume reference to 14,870
Americans of the past. RBP
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formula — conceived in London 195 them.
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De Gaulle as a cadet at St. Cyr, As a WW1 French army officer In the shadow of WW2, in 1939, de Gaulle, as an armored di
France's West Point (1910-1911). he was wounded several times. sion colonel with Premier Blum (left) and Gen. Gamelin (righ
The Career of CHARLES

de GAULLE
By GERALD L. STEIBEL
Charles de Gaulle of France is

doing today what he has done
for 30 years: outraging his col-
leagues and allies on a grand scale. In
the almost five years since he returned
as head of the French Government, de
The life story of the man who made a strong
Gaulle has antagonized his close sup-
porters by freeing Algeria, his European France dependent on his person and will.
allies by barring Britain from the Com-
mon Market, and the United States by
recognizing Red China and advocating
a "neutralization" of Vietnam that could
open it to communist takeover. There is
doubtless more to come from him.

His own view of himself and his ac-
tions is calm: A statesman fulfilling the
role destiny has marked for him — the
reassertion ofFrench greatness. Others,
however, have not been that calm.
Franklin Roosevelt used H. G. Wells' de-
scription of de Gaulle: "an utterly sin-
cere megalomaniac." Winston Churchill
lauded him in public, but said in his
memoirs, "I understood and admired,
while I resented, his arrogant demean-
our." Dwight Eisenhower says he liked
de Gaulle personally, though he was ex-
traordinarily difficult to work with. Jo-
Pit.
seph Stalin was contemptuous, saying, De Gaulle, center, in the 1909 yearbook of Stanislaus College, Paris.
12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964

"He's not complicated." John Kennedy
admitted he didn't understand what dc
Gaulle was trying to do.
De Gaulle himself never cared what
others thought of him. Through the
vears, his indifference was bolstered by
a growing record of being right. He was
right about forecasting the Second World
War and its dangers, right in believing
his country would need him again when
he retired in 1946, right in thinking he
could defy Britain and the other Atlantic
partners without being stopped. He will
go on being certain he is right in Asia,
in Africa and in his newest ventures into
Latin American politics.
Right or wrong, de Gaulle is a com-
plex man. an enigma to those closest to
him, a riddle to much of the outside
world.
There was little in de Gaulle's early
years to suggest that he would eventually
irritateand provoke on so grand a scale.
Born on November 22, 1890, in Lille, it
was 30 years before he mounted his first
rebellion, and 40 years before others in
the world began taking notice of him.
Both de Gaulle's parents were the es-
sence of quiet and reserve. His father,
Henri de Gaulle, was a professor of phi-
losophy and literature in a Jesuit school
in Paris, where Charles and his three
brothers and one sister grew up. His
BLACK STAR
Propelling himself with the Allies as the man to lead France after WW2, de Gaulle
sits with Roosevelt (I.) and Churchill (r.) at the 1943 Casablanca Conference.
father, he says, was a "thoughtful, culti- theyoung de Gaulle felt deeply and they
vated man imbued
with a feeling for the provided yet another facet to his complex
dignity of France." and that feeling took personality.
deep root in the son. A veteran of the Though reticent and bookish, dc
Franco-Prussian War, the elder de Gaulle Gaulle also had his lighter side. At school
was wounded in the fighting that marked he was known affectionately bv his fellow
the humiliation of France by Wilhelm's students as "the big asparagus" because
and Bismarck's Germans. Charles' of his 6'4" height. On occasion, he would
mother never forgot the tears in her own poke fun at his own prominent nose by
parents' eyes when the news of Bazaine's declaiming from Rostand's plav. Cyrano
capitulation came through. de Bergerac, whose hero's romantic
President de Gaulle in 1963. To his family legacy of patriotism and spirit was blighted by the size of his nose.
de
his scholarly excursions into history, Through all his solemnity, the young de
mother. Jeanne Maillot-Dclannoy, was a Gaulle added the sensuous experiences Gaulle displayed a capacity for humor,
deeply religious woman whose ancestors of a young man in Paris in the first dec- not the least of which was more than
had fled Scotland and Ireland two cen- ade of the I900's: Nothing struck me
"
once directed against his own postures.
turies earlier after the overthrow of the more than the symbols of our glories: In 1908. de Gaulle entered the mili-
Stuarts. From them, he inherited a life- night falling over Notre Dame, the maj- tary academy of St. Cvr. France's "West
long piety and simplicity of personal be- esty of evening at Versailles, the Arc dc Point." His decision to seek an army ca-
havior. Triomphe in the sun. conquered colours reer was made with all the self-assurance
Young Charles also acquired from the shuddering in the vault of the Invalides." that characterized his later life: "I was
start two other loves. First was his love France became to him "like the princess convinced that France would have to go
of the classics. He read avidly at home in the fairy stories or the Madonna in through gigantic trials, that the interest
and secondary school he attended
in the the frescoes, as dedicated to an exalted of life consisted in one day rendering
in Paris, stocking his mind liberally with and exceptional destiny." her some signal service, and that I would
everything from Greek thought to mod- But there was an unease and a sadness have occasion to do so." He saw in the
ern psychology. His speeches are still in this, too. France, in the early 20th cen- army one of the few opportunities for
peppered with classical quotations, his was wracked with the aftermath dedicated professionalism combined with
style modeled on Victor Hugo's "Con-
tury,
of defeat —
the surrender by the French devotion to country
—
"'one of the great-
cision, precision and decision." of Fashoda. Sudan, to the British;
in the est things in the world."
De Gaulle also absorbed from his par- the anti-Semitic evil of the Dreyfus case; De Gaulle graduated from St. Cyr in
ents their love of country, which he car- the "many gifts wasted in political confu- 1911. among the first 1 5 in his class. This
ried far beyond ordinary patriotism. His sion and national disunity." These, too, (Continued on page 48)
THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 13
WE SHOT
D-DAY
OMAHA
BEACH
Twenty YEARS have passed since the Great Invasion. On June 6, 1944, film producer John Ford
led his Coast Guardsmen ashore, armed with movie cameras, to be the eyes of the world on Norman-
dy's bloody beaches. Here's how D-Day looked to the man whose job it was to see it for everyone.
By PETE MARTIN British had licked their wounds, and invasion.On the Continent, a valiant and
rallied behind the indomitable spirit of vigilantunderground army somehow en-
their Prime Minister. They clawed away dured, risking torture and firing squads
Who saw D-Day

years ago?
No one man
in Normandy 20
saw it, for

really
at Hitler's air force as the Luftwaffe tried
to pound their island soft for a German
for themselves and their families and
friends to hamstring the German occu-
its stage was as big as the world and its

Dragging ashore men whose landing craft was sunk.
actions were as big as history.
While Nazi Germany held all of
France after the fall of Dunkirk on the
English Channel in 1940, we amassed
huge forces in England. In an operation
called Overlord we committed them to
the perils of the sea and the German-
held invasion beaches of the French
Normandy Coast, starting at the base of
the Cotentin Peninsula at 0015 hours on
the morning of June 6, 1944.
Since Dunkirk, millions of men and
women had lived, worked, suffered,
prayed, died — so that this invasion of
Hitler's fortress would come off. The
14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE •
OFFICIAL I S. COAST GCARIJ 1'IIOTOS
From an abandoned Nazi trench one of Ford's Coast Guardsmen shot this panorama of the Omaha invasion beach.
pation forces in a thousand secret ways. like the plague of locusts Joseph said Not until the war's end in 1945 was
After June 1940, the fight grew more would best Pharaoh. Soon it would be northern Italy mopped up with finality.
difficult as, one by one, the remaining within striking distance of the Suez With the invasion of Italy under way
European nations joined Hitler or were Canal. In Russia. German armies, pene- in 1943. and the submarine menace de-
crushed by the weight of his military trating the Caucasus, attacked Stalingrad. clining in the Atlantic, the Allies began
forces. Hungary, Romania, and Bul- During most of 1942, U-boats were sink to establish thehuge base of operations
garia allied themselves with the Nazis. ing Allied ships in the Atlantic faster in England would make it possible
that
Only Yugoslavia and Greece resisted. In than they could be built and launched! for us to invade Fortress Europe across
April and May 1941. they in turn fell But General Montgomery, with the the English Channel.
before the German Wehrmacht. In all help of lend-lease tanks and equipment, Throughout the rest of 943 and early 1
Western Europe only Sweden and Switz- stopped Rommel in October at El Ala- winter of 1944, preparations continued
erland remained neutral. mein; and the Russians held at Stalin- at a frenzied pace. The Russians were
Then suddenly in June 1941, Hitler grad. The following month, our armies impatient at the delay, for the Western
turned eastward, invaded Russia, and under General Eisenhower invaded invasion of France would ease German
England gained a new ally. Two months North Africa to help the British and Free pressure against them in the East. In
later the U.S. Congress, prodded by French defeat the Afrika Korps. By May England the race was against time and
President Roosevelt, voted lend-lease 1943, this was accomplished. Mean- tide. Unless the invasion took place dur-
aid to save Britain from a collapse boded while, in February, the Russians had ing early June. H-hour could not be
by her African defeats and shipping fought the Germans to a standstill at triggered and set for the prized combi-
losses to U-boats. Stalingrad, mounted a huge counter- nation of early dawn and the lowest tide.
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor offensive and captured nearly a third of a Without this combination, thousands of
on December 7, 1941, brought our own million Nazi troops. underwater obstacles and mines would
country into World War 2. The year that With each victory the Allies gained not stand exposed to be avoided or de-
followed was the darkest of the entire new momentum. From Africa we stroyed bv the invading landing craft and
war for the Allies. In the Pacific the launched our attack on Sicily, then Italy. troops.
Japanese captured everything in sight. That country surrendered in September Somehow, by an effort that now seems
They were even on the frightening verge 1943, though the German forces there incredible,almost 2 million men were
of invading Australia. In Africa, Rom- did not! It was on June 5, 1944, one day assembled in England. On D-Day. some
mel's Afrika Korps swarmed into Egypt before D-Day, that Rome was captured. 160.000 managed to get ashore on the
French Coast. This was a day for which of Wrath, How Green Was My Valley, trained for every sort of action. They
the world had waited anxiously for years. The Long Voyage Home, Stagecoach could drop by parachute, land with
Hearts skipped beats and fingers were and Tobacco Road. After painting mo- raiders, commandoes, infantry. They
crossed around the world while the ebb tion picture classics with film, he was knew about amphibious landings. All
and flow of events on the Normandy one of those given the assignment of Ford had to do was name it. They could
beaches were in question. Failure would preserving on movie film the history of do He'd hand picked his group of
it.
throw the free world into gloom. The the Normandy invasion for posterity. He helpers.They were a superb team. Ford
answer to the question "What now?" in drew Omaha Beach and
as his "location" was told to head that team up and get
case we were hurled back was one that as a result didn't see Utah Beach at all. both color and black-and-white footage
people hoped they would never have to But on Omaha, the acting was real of the invasion of Omaha Beach from
provide. All that first day, until word enough and so was the shooting. start to finish.
came had begun to plunge
that our troops This winter I found a tired John Ford He was in London when Wild Bill
inland, hearts pounded while millions back in California between takes of a gave him the word. Ford (as well as
clasped their hands and bowed their movie he was directing in Wyoming. practically everybody else) knew the in-
heads in prayer. He'd talked very little about D-Day in vasion would start soon. He and his outfit
Despite the fears of Overlords plan- the last 20 years. "What is there to tell?" had been in the British Isles for quite a
ners (and possibly because of ihem), he asked at first. "My story is in the film while readying themselves for their part
Allied casualtieson D-Day, June 6. 944, 1 we shot! Millions of feet of it!" in it. Two high-ranking officers talked
were much lighter than had been antici-
pated. The Allies lost between 10,000
and 12,000. Of these, approximately
6,600 were American, the rest British
and Canadian. German casualties were
a third of the Allied total, though by the
end of June they reached about a quarter
CONTINUED
We Shot D-Day
of a million, including prisoners.
Nobody who was there really saw the
operation. The anxious people all over
the world who pieced together the news
reports with bated breath saw more of it;
the intelligence officers putting bits of
information together for the high com-
mand and the heads of the contending
nations saw it. The Army historians saw
it wrote the Normandy in-
later as they
vasion into the Army's huge history of
WW2.
But the participants didn't see it. Each
saw his own little acre; his own piece of
treacherous, churning water; his own
sweep of beach; the bluff ahead that he
had to mount against the fire from that
house, that cliff; his own comrade who
just fell on the sand. Ford, right, inspects a Coast Guardsman who The beaches. Utah, Omaha were U.S.,
readies his camera for the invasion photos. the others British and Canadian.
The very first were
forces ashore
troops of our 82nd and 101st Airborne Finally he said that the real-life drama out of turn at parties about the impend-
Divisions who dropped on the Cotentin he remembers most vividly of all in his ing invasion. Ike broke them both back
Peninsula behind Utah Beach the night film-making career was the tragedy and to pre-war rank —
one major general to
before. They saw little of the mighty triumph of D-Day. "Not that I or any lieutenant colonel —
and shipped them to
world drama; in the dark, they even had other man who was there can give a the United States with a devastating
to find one another out by ear, snapping panoramic wide-angle view of the first reprimand.
five-and-dime cricket toys as signals. wave of Americans who hit the beach Ford's team had been alerted for sev-
The crew of the old battleship Texas that morning," Ford said. "There was a eral days. There had been no passes for
stood with the offshore armada to give tremendous sort of spiral of events all the men. They loaded $1 million worth
heavy artillery support for the landing over the world, and it seemed to narrow of camera gear on the destroyer Plunket.
waves. Though it was daylight, they saw down to each man in its vortex on Omaha By June 3 they were set. They went off
but a part of the invasion. Little spotting Beach that day. My group was there to in convoy on the night of June 4, only to
planes, droning low over the coast, were photograph everything we could for the be called back. Bad weather off the
the Texas' eyes to tell it via radio where record. In the States, as Overlord got French Coast. The next day. June 5, was
to fire. under way, the film Going My Way with even worse, but there was a good chance
There was one man there on Omaha Bing Crosby and Barry Fitzgerald was a for a Normandy landing in spite of the
Beach whose sole mission was to see the smash hit. I had nothing to do with it, bad weather. The meteorological experts
invasion for the world, and for history. but the title was somehow appropriate reported the weather would let up for a
He was John Ford, the movie director when remembered what we were start-
I while in France, long enough to get the
and producer. What did it look like to ing in Normandy." landing started. As it happened, the "bad
him? Ford was head of the Photographic weather" was the worst Channel storm in
Ford, a veteran of as well as WW1 Department of the Office of Strategic 40 years. D-Day, originally set for June
WW2. has had a career studded with top Services under General "Wild Bill" 5, was postponed in the middle of a
cinema awards for such films as The Donovan. The cameramen in his unit raging gale. Hundreds of ships that had
Quiet Man, The Informer, The Grapes were attached to the Coast Guard and set off for their rendezvous the day before

headed back to port. Others flopped been taken by the American and British got more on shore. I heard later that U.S.
around blindly at sea, waiting, their forces pushing up the Italian peninsula. plane production was being cut back that
crews and the troops aboard furious, sea- I did read later that he gave no hint about same month. And the Government ap-
sick, underfed, weakened by the storm. Overlord, saying only of the three Axis parently had just cancelled a contract for
Finally, at 0415 hours, June 5, while capital cities: 'One down and two to 800 cargo planes after the Budd Manu-
winds of near hurricane force snarled, go-' facturing Co. had built only four of them.
the meteorologists told Ike and his staff "The Plimket dropped anchor close If we hadn't gotten ashore that day, a
that they would slacken the following inshore offOmaha Beach about 6 a.m. hell of a lot of plans would have gone
morning, and stay fairly clear for 36 Things began to happen fast. It was ex- down the drain. They must have been
hours. Ike polled the staff. Some said yes; treme low tide and all the underwater awfully sure of success back in Wash-
others were doubtful. Finally there was obstacles put there by the Germans stuck ington.
a silence and everyone waited tensely for out crazily like giant kids' jackstraws "The fog and mist cleared away shortly
Ike tomake the decision as Supreme with mines and shells wired all over them. and it became full daylight. The cloud
Commander. Later it was said by some There were demolition teams on the first cover didn't go away, however. When
that he deliberated between 15 and 20 landing craft that were supposed to blow our fleet of heavy bombers went in to
seconds, others stated that he took 2 such things out of the way for the land- clobber the beaches, they bombed blind
minutes, even as many as 5 minutes, be- ings to follow. As the first landing craft through solid cloud and their bombs fell
fore looking up and saying, "Let's go . . . started past the Plunket, I could see the way inland. That was another mess. They
on Omaha Beach
The cameramen were waiting on shore as these troops stormed through the surf at Omaha Beach on June 6, 1944.
f how we can do anything else."

don't see troops bailing with their helmets, stop- had been supposed to blanket the
Jack Ford says, "When we did start ping to heave their guts out every few beaches, the Nazis' machinegun nests,
we were the last ship out in our huge throws. In the closer LCMs and LCVTs observers' posts, big gun emplacements.
convoy. There were more than 50 other I could even hear them puking over the This would explode a lot of mines in the
convoys, some bigger than ours. Nobody noise of motors and waves slapping flat sand, make convenient craters in which
was quite sure just how many ships there bows all the way to the beach. our men could take cover at first, and
were in all, at least 4,000 though, I heard "I remember looking with pride at the stun or knock out a lot of enemy gun-
later. Nothing like it ever in the English battlewagon Texas anchored to our left," ners. expect they planned to scare them,
I
Channel, not even the Spanish Armada, Ford told me. "She was one of our old, too. The Germans opposite us were sup-
356 years before. I went below for a old battleships, not new like the Wiscon- posed to be Russian and Polish 'volun-
minute or two and suddenly our flotilla sin or the Arizona. I was listening on the teers' and service troops. Unhappily,
was switched about and we were headed radio to TBS, the talk-between-ships. The when our bombs missed the troops op-
in another direction, which put the old Texas had artillery observers both ashore posing us they turned out to be a tough
Plimket in the lead. I am told I expressed and in recon planes overhead who spoke infantry division that had been moved
some surprise at leading the invasion back to them and gave directions about up for rest and training without our
with my cameras. What I'll never forget knocking out certain points of German intelligence finding it out. When they
is how rough that sea was. The destroyers defense on the coast. Of all the rounds finally opened up with fire power, it was
rolled terribly. Practically everybody was the Texas fired she only missed once. The tragic what they did to us.
stinking, rotten sick. How
anyone on the only trouble was that for some reason "Everyone held his breath while the
smaller landing craft had enough guts nobody, not even we, expected the flight naval bombardment was going on. We
left to get out and fight I'll never under- overhead of all our little L-4s and L-5s wondered about the complete absence
stand, but somehow they did; and well, observation planes; and we apparently of return fire. Not a shot from shore all
too. We hadn't heard President Roose- shot most of them down ourselves. Poor the time our landing craft headed in.
velt's hastily scheduled radio address a fellows. As a result we were short on When our fire lifted just before our first
few hours earlier about Rome having observers for a couple of days until we LCVTs began to blow up on the ob-
THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 \J
Ponte du Hoc today. A French bridal couple start a new life where the American 2nd Rangers scaled 80-foot cliffs to a Nazi pillbox.
Continued We Shot D"D y on Omaha Beach

stacles, we thought they were going to — just takemovies of everything on
make
coast.
it without any opposition from the
Then the Nazis opened up and
Omaha Beach. Simple, but not easy. The
skipper of the Plunket loaded us into
Normandy:
DUKWs. About midmorning they went
hellish fast, too.
"Troops were jumping over side into
the water so they wouldn't have to wade
off shoreward. I remember watching one
colored man in a DUK.W loaded with
D-Day plus
through
when the
streams of machinegun
bow ramp dropped. Then some
fire supplies. He dropped them on the beach,
unloaded, went back for more. I watched,
20 Years
of the tanks with flotation gear started fascinated. Shells landed around him.
going by. I saw two take direct hits, or The Germans were really after him. He
hit mines. Others had their canvas flota- avoided every obstacle and just kept
tion gear punctured and sank like stones. going back and forth, back and forth,
I don't believe more than one or two completely calm. I thought, By God, if ing to admit he was braver than I was.
climbed out on the beach near us. The anybody deserves a medal that man does. "The and training of those
discipline
tanks were supposed to give mobile, I wanted to photograph him, but I was boys who came ashore in the later waves
close-in artillery support while our men in a relatively safe place at the time so of landing craft, throwing up and groan-
were getting past the sea wall to knock I figured. The hell with it. I was willing with nausea all the way into the
out the pillboxes and machineguns, but beach, was amazing. showed. They
It
they didn't have a chance. made no mad rush. They quietly took
"Neither did the LCMs bringing in their places and kept moving steadily
bulldozers and more tanks. They really forward. Anyone can have hindsight,
caught Later I heard that only three
hell. there is no trick to that, but it is still hard
bulldozers out of 30 or 40 made it. I also for me to realize that back home in the
remember seeing landing craft swing out nightclubs 'Pistol-Packin' Mama' was
of control and smash against obstacles making the audiences sing, clap and
where they touched off a mine and blew stomp.
sky high. On a later day, much later, I "From the Plunket I recall vaguely
discovered that it was this very week that seeing a landing craft off to my right hit
the first U.S. shipyards were getting a mine and suddenly go up, and another
ready to lay off hundreds of men as war- tangled in an underwater obstruction
time orders slackened. swinging around in crazy, uncontrolled
"At one point, just before we went Most of the kids on board got
circles.
ashore with the second wave, our ship, offand waded ashore.
the Plunket, was banging away at a stone "Once I was on the beach I ran for-
building just behind the beach. I said to ward and started placing some of my
the captain, 'I wouldn't think the Ger- men behind things so they'd have a
mans are stupid enough to stay in there. chance to expose their film. I know it
It's too prominent. I bet if you raised doesn't make it blazingly dramatic, but
your guns and fired at that little house all Icould think was that for the most
back up there, you might stir up some- part everything was all so well co-
thing.' He fired a couple of shots at it, ordinated, fitted perfectly, went beau-
and by God, the place spewed German tifully. To my mind, those seasick kids
troops like a hornets' nest. It erupted. The crosses, row on row, in the American were heroes. I saw very few dead and
"The objective of my outfit was simple Battle Monuments Comm'n's cemetery. wounded men. I remember thinking,
18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J NE 1964

I hat's strange, although later I could see seeing. I was reminded of that line in his mind and accepted the other's opin-
the dead floating in the sea. I also re- 'The Red Badge Of Courage' about how ion. left them
But since the net result
member being surprised at how much the soldiers were always busy, always stillon opposite sides of the fence, that
closer the Plunket looked from shore, deeply absorbed in their individual com- didn't help them very much. Hitler held
much closer than the shore had looked bats. In this awful seesaw, the people back his Panzer reserves to meet the
a few minutes earlier from the Plunket! who were actually there on the beaches expected attack on Calais until it was too
Thoughts are funny things; they wander. only saw the thing the way I did. In my late for them to counterattack before we
I recall wondering how our troops in the case, it is the extreme example of the had a foothold. In addition, Allied para-
Pacific felt. A couple of weeks later they narrow view of the participants, because troopers who went in the night before
invaded Saipan to establish airfields for my staff and I had the job of 'seeing' the D-Day had captured roads and bridges
the B-29s. whole invasion for the world, but all any so far inland that it made it difficult for a
"My memories of D-Day come in one of us saw was his own little area. counterattack to be assembled and set in
disconnected takes like unassembled "At first when our outfit hit the beach, motion. The German High Command
shots to be spliced together afterward in we ran for cover. Then we made for the had recently ordered the word 'catastro-
a film. I can't remember seeing anybody hills, pausing to expose film footage here phe' eliminated from all military reports
get wounded or fall down or get shot. I and there. I'm not sure of the name of the and the German vocabulary in general.
passed men who had just been hit. I saw main town just back from the coast As I recall it, the only counterattack
one group get out of a landing craft and Colleville-sur-mer? If I'm right, that launched on D-Day was against the
make a rush to their assigned positions. means Colleville-On-The-Sea. After that British. But the B. E. F. had been able to
As they rushed they passed two men on the Germans made their first stand. Ac- land their tanks and anti-tank guns so
PHOTOS BY AI, WOOI.I.EY
French summertime beach crowds inspect relics of the great invasion in the Omaha Beach Museum at Arromanches.
the ground who had been hit. They tually, had expected that we'd meet
I they stopped the Germans cold just in-
glanced at the two for a minute. They much more resistance from the Germans land from the beach on their way to
knew that the medical corpsmen would on shore, but after all it was a surprise Caen.
reach them right away. One of the two attack. As we began silencing or captur- "At any rate, it turned out that
who had been wounded managed to rise ing their guns one at a time, the fighting Rommel was Germany for his wife's
in
and stagger to cover. The other had to in our immediate sector slackened and birthday. I guess we can be damn grate-
be dragged. It was a good thing that the no German reinforcements appeared. ful he wasn't at headquarters in
previous month the U.S. pharmaceutical "The Germans thought our landing LaRoche-Guyon when we landed. God
industry had produced a record-breaking craft were going to zero in on Pas de knows it was terrible enough without
100 million units of the new wonder drug Calais, 240 miles northeast, Europe's him. We'd heard from a British woman,
penicillin. The Army had the highest England. The Air
closest point of land to interned by the Germans and repatri-
priority. It needed it. Force had run all kinds of diversionary ated a week earlier, that the German
"To tell the truth, I was too busy doing movements over that spot and in con- people were supposedly terrified of being
what I had to do for a cohesive picture of siderable strength. Our bombers had invaded. German newspapers were pub-
what I did to register in my mind. We plastered Calais for weeks. As a result, lishing conflicting reports every day,
stayed on our job and worked that day the Germans were concentrated there. I guessing at dates and locations of the
and for several other days and nights, read later that Hitler had said that we Allied landings. The German troops sure
too. When you concentrate on a job the would land where we did, but Rommel didn't act terrified!
way we did, there was no time for sight- disagreed with him. Later each changed (Continued on page 44)
(5tneral ©ouglas Macarthur's JFarewcU
Gen. John J. Pershing pins Distinguished

Service Medal on Brig. Gen. MacArthur,
leader of the 42nd Division in World War 1.
onor,
General Douglas MacArthur, Commander of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division in WW];
Commander in the Southwest Pacific in WW2; Supreme Commander of occupied Japan
after WW2; Commander of all UN forces in the Korean War until removed by Presi-
dent Truman; a five-star General; a life member of Alonzo Cudworth Post of The
American Legion in Milwaukee, Wis.; died in Walter Reed Hospital at the age of 84,
on April 5, 1964.
On May 12, 1962, then 82, General MacArthur delivered what he properly called
his farewell to a life devoted to "duty, honor and country" in a speech delivered with-
out notes to the Corps of Cadets at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N. Y.,
on the occasion of his being awarded the Military Academy's Thayer Award. Here is
the text of that eloquent speech, omitting two introductory paragraphs.
Return to the Philippines. MacArthur

wades ashore at Leyte in Oct. 1944. Duty, honor, country: Those three hallowed words reverently dictate what you
ought to be, what you can be. what you will be. They are your rallying point to build
courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause
for faith, to create hope when hope becomes forlorn.
The unbelievers will say they are but words, but a slogan, but a flamboyant phrase.
Every pedant, every demagogue, every cynic, every hypocrite, every troublemaker, and,
I am sorry to say, some others of an entirely different character, will try to downgrade
them even to the extent of mockery and ridicule.

But these are some of the things they do. They build your basic character. They
mold you for your future roles as the custodians of the Nation's defense. They make
you strong enough to know when you are weak, and brave enough to face yourself when
you are afraid. They teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble
and gentle in success; not to substitute words for actions, not to seek the path of com-
fort, but to face the stress and spur of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up
in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to master yourself before
you seek to master others; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn
to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the
past; to be serious, yet never to take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you
will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the
The end of WW2. Gen. MacArthur signing
the Japanese surrender document on the meekness of true strength.
U.S.S. Missouri in Tokyo Bay, Sept. 1945. They give you a temperate will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emo-
tions, a freshness of the deep springs of life, a temperamental predominance of courage
over timidity, of an appetite for adventure over love and ease.
They create in your heart the sense of wonder, the unfailing hope of what next,
and the joy and inspiration of life. They teach you in this way to be an officer and
a gentleman.
And what sort of soldiers are those you are to lead? Are they reliable? Are they
brave? Are they capable of victory? Their story is known to all of you. It is the storv
of the American man-at-arms. My estimate of him was formed on the battlefield many,
many years ago, and has never changed. I regarded him then, as I regard him now,
as one of the world's noblest figures; not only as one of the finest military characters,
but also as one of the most stainless. His name and fame are the birthright of every
American citizen. In his youth and strength, his love and loyalty, he gave all that mor-
tality can give. He needs no eulogy from me, or from any other man. He has written
his own history and written it in red on his enemy's breast. But when I think of his
patience in adversity, of his courage under fire and of his modesty in victory, I am filled
with an emotion of admiration I cannot put into words. He belongs to history as

furnishing one of the greatest examples of successful patriotism. He belongs to pos-
Firstday in Japan. MacArthur meets the
terity as the instructor of future generations in the principles of liberty and freedom.
press after flying to Tokyo from Manila.
He belongs to the present, to us, by his virtues and by his achievements. In 20 cam-
paigns, ona hundred battlefields,
around thousand camp fires, I have
a
witnessed that enduring fortitude,
A DEADLY PARALLEL
that patriotic self-abnegation, and
"Come with me into Macedon," he said. that invincible determination which
"Most potent, grave and reverend Senators, have carved his statue in the hearts
And taste the rigors of a soldier's bed,
of his people.
The blood and anguish of a soldier's wars."
From one end of the world to the
"Come with meMacedon," he cried,
into other, he has drained deep the chal-
"Fat comfortable strategists at home. ice of courage.As listened to those
I
And you will see how humble men have died songs [of the West Point glee club],
—
To save the freedoms and the baths of — in memory's eye I could see those
Rome!" staggering columns of the first
World War, bending under soggy
Thus he rebuked them bluntly, as becomes packs on many a weary march, from
A warrior married to his country's cause,
dripping dusk to drizzling dawn,
Who hears, above debate, the din of drums,
slogging ankle deep through the
And fights her battles while they make her laws.
As long as danger calls, he must obey; mire of shell-pocked roads, to form
He cannot die ... he will not fade away. grimly for the attack, blue-lipped,
Joseph Auslander covered with sludge and mud,
chilled by the wind and rain, driving
"A Deadly Parallel" is a tribute to General
MacArthur, based on a rebuke to the Roman home to their and for
objective,
Senate delivered by Gen. Lucius Aemilius Paulus
in the 2nd Century B.C. Joseph Auslander, whose
many, to the judgment seat of God.
"A Deadly Parallel" first appeared in the "The I do not know the dignity of their
Lyric" in the summer of 1951, is a distinguished
American poet and the first incumbent of the birth, but I do know the glory of
Chair of English Poetry at the Library of Congress.
their death. They died, unquestion-
uncomplaining, with faith in
ing,
and on their lips the
their hearts,
hope that we would go on to victory. Always for them: Duty, honor, country. Always
Restoration of Japan. MacArthur reviews
their blood, and sweat, and tears, as we sought the way and the light and the truth.
occupation troops in Tokyo as he directs
And 20 years after, on the other side of the globe, again the filth of murky foxholes, the rebuilding of the defeated country.
the stench of ghostly trenches, the slime of dripping dugouts, those boiling suns of re-
lentless heat, those torrential rains of devastating storms, the loneliness and utter deso-
lation of jungle trails, the bitterness of long separation from those they loved and cher-
ished, the deadly pestilence of tropical disease, the horror of stricken areas of war.
Their resolute and determined defense, their swift and sure attack, their indomitable
purpose, their complete and decisive victory —
always victory, always through the
bloody haze of their last reverberating shot, the vision of gaunt, ghastly men, reverently
following your password of duty, honor, country.
The code which those words perpetuate embraces the highest moral law and will
stand the test of any ethics or philosophies ever promulgated for the uplift of mankind.
Its requirements are for the things that are right and its restraints are from the things
that are wrong. The soldier, above all other men, is required to practice the greatest
act of religious training —
sacrifice. In battle, and in the face of danger and death, he
discloses those divine attributes which his Maker gave when He created man in His
own image. No physical courage and no greater strength can take the place of the
divine help which alone can sustain him. However hard the incidents of war may be,
the soldier who is called upon to offer and to give his life for his country is the noblest
development of mankind.
War again. In bitter winter, MacArthur
You now face a new world, a world of change. The thrust into outer space of the
(left) talks with front line soldiers in Korea
satellite, spheres, and missiles marks a beginning of another {Continued on page 43) during his last campaign in uniform.
DUANE ROBINSON FROM PIX INC.
A Look at
AN AIR VIEW OF DALLAS, TEXAS, WHERE THE LEGION WILL HOLD

22 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964
DALLAS, TEXAS
By ROBERT B. PITKIN
The 46th National

The American
Convention of
Legion will be held
in Dallas, Texas, next Sept. 18-24.
It will be the first Legion national con-
clave in Texas since the 1928 convention

in San Antonio —
when the late Paul V.
McNutt, of Indiana, was elected Na-
tional Commander and the convention
~
ilium explicitly predicted Pearl Harbor and the
Second World War if the U.S. persisted
in its disarmament policies of that time
— which it did.
Dallas is probably the finest conven-
tion city in the land that the Legion has
not yet visited en masse. Its accommoda-
tions for the comfort, enjoyment and
convenience of visitors — rooms, enter-
tainment, good eating, centralization of
facilities, convention hall — rank in cali-
bre and class with those of the big resort
such as Las Vegas and Miami
cities,
Beach, and in some respects outrank
them though Dallas is a white-collar busi-
ness city, not a resort.
Dallas has been in the news in an un-
favorable light since President Kennedy
was assassinated there 22. Since
last Nov.
then every journalistic Monday morning
quarterback seems to have been busy
finding all 1,300,000 people in the Dallas
metropolitan area guilty by association
of the acts of Lee Harvey Oswald and
—
Jack Ruby neither of whom were na-
tives of Dallas. Some have even called
for the Legion to punish the city by pull-
ing its convention out.
Yet my friend, George Cornelius, Jr.,
the Indianapolis printer, had told my
best girl: "Don't fail to go to the Dallas
convention with your husband. You'll
have a ball in Dallas!"
Never having seen much of Dallas, I
flew out of New York in April to see

what sort of a place it is for convention-
goers.
I put up at the fantastic new Cabana
motor hotel, which is right next to the
new Marriott motor
fantastic hotel on
the Stemmons Freeway, in the very
shadow of Dallas' downtown center of
modern skyscrapers.
You might get more, somewhere, in
the way of a motor hotel, but doubt I it.
Later I visited the Marriott next door,

the Executive Inn out at the airport, took
a peek at construction on the new How-
rS NATIONAL CONVENTION IN SEPTEMBER. ard Johnson's on Stemmons Freeway

CONTINUED
A Look at
DALLAS, TEXAS
and at the Holiday Inn, farther over in town. I eyed the
Ramada Inn at the airport and other motels, driving by in
my rented car (of which Dallas offers many). I investigated
the older hotels in the midtown area, such as the Adolphus
and the Baker, and the big, new hotels, such as the Sheraton
Dallas that's attached to the Southland Center luxury sky-
scraper, and the new Statler Hilton with its massive, curved The Memorial Auditorium, among the best convention halls in the
front. I looked at the large, bright, comfortable, air-condi- land, is right in downtown Dallas, will park 1,100 automobiles.
tioned Memorial Auditorium which will hold the Legion con-
vention sessions (only a short stroll from the dead center of
town). I sampled more good food and more beverages and describe Dallas' extravaganza of visitors' comforts. Oh, those
more entertainment in more establishments for genteel human Empire duplex apartments in the Marriott!
special Spanish
enjoyment than my doctor would approve. (They are more costly than the Marriott's more ordinary
I came away agreeing with George Cornelius, Jr. A conven-
richly-appointed quarters for common folk.) One thing the
tion-goer who doesn't have a ball in Dallas has to bring his Marriott has that the Cabana hasn't is a convention hall of
its own that'll hold eleven hundred people. Talk about tourist
own misery with him. What Dallas provides for visitors is
in addition to being very comfortable —
fantastic, sumptuous,
cabins! But I'll just have to let the Cabana and Marriott folks
fight it out among themselves as to which is best at turning
extravagant and moderate in price.
The Cabana, where I put up on a warm night after a jet a poor man into an emperor while he's there.
trip, ranks with the Marriott as the 1964 climax of the U.S.
The competition for my honest praise didn't let up in Dal-
las. It got out of hand. The hotels are "class" too, and the
motor hotel concept. It has a Graeco-Roman motif added
to 1964 modernity. My room lay deep in red carpetry, with eating places and the good entertainment spots. The Ports o'
white Roman and Greek statuettes for lighting fixtures; a bed Call Restaurant on the 37th floor of the Southland Center
so broad I could stretch my six-foot-four length almost cross- is, believe me, elegant in its mere furnishings and motif, let
wise on it; one whole wall mirrored; air conditioning or heat alone the food you get and what you pay for it. I don't see
adjustable to the fingertip; the furnishings all white and mar- how it's going to hold the Legionnaires who will want to eat
in this richly appointed, exotic-atmosphered dining spot that
ble-patterned with spaciousness between, and enough dresser
drawer space to do well if I moved in for keeps. The "closet" gazes down on the whole northeast Texas plain and the buzz-
was a furnished ante-room to the bath. The bath was roomy, ing city of Dallas.
had a white extension telephone. The tub was enclosed in The menu prices in the quality eating places in Dallas
a glass shower stall, and the hot water ran furiously and hot
are surprising. Dinners at the best eating places were mostly
in the $2.25 to $2.75 range. These are meals which range
immediately. The Cabana is about as expensive as they come
in Dallas, and I was living like a millionaire on $14 a night,
from $3 to $5 in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Miami
single, in accommodations for two.
Down in the Bon Vivant dining room live entertainers
were regaling the diners. In the nearby Nero's Nook cocktail
lounge "club" a three-man combo played. I joined the "club"
by showing my room key to the desk clerk. I had two Bloody
Mary's in Nero's Nook served by quiet, good-looking host-
esses in imitation white-and-gold ancient Roman get-up. I
chatted with Bill Pauli, Cabana sales manager —

Korea vet a
who had worked at the Plaza in New York. From him I
learned that Doris Day is a part owner of the Cabana and
Jimmy Hoffa is not. I sauntered to the swimming pool. There
I sat in a warm breeze as colored lights played on gushing
fountains, and I stared at the Dallas skyline, so close I felt I

could almost touch the midtown Southland Center tower
as traffic whizzed by on the freeway below into the heart of
the city. It was a good end to a day for a weary traveling
man and I went to bed early. The next day I made the mis-
take of visiting the Marriott motor hotel, in company with
Mike Barns of the Chamber of Commerce. Mike is a trans-
planted young Iowan, who kept praising Dallas long after we
were on such intimate terms that he knew me for a hard-bitten
journalist who only believes what he sees. The trouble with
the Marriott is that it is easily as sumptuous in its own way
as the Cabana. If this kept up I'd need an encyclopaedia to Visitors' comfort begins at Dallas' luxurious Love Field airport.

Now then, you like exotic food, seafood, pancakes in style,
or just good wholesome barnyard eating? Ports o' Call (the
skyscraper restaurant) offers food in the style of Papeete,
Singapore, Saigon and Macao. The Ramada Inn, at the air-
port, specializes in pancakes and pastries, with all the syrup
and molasses, butter, bacon and sausage that go with a pan-
cake house and a "plantation atmosphere," and has more
different kinds of syrup than you ever heard of -coconut,—
boysenberry, right down the line. The Chateaubriand boasts
continental and French New Orleans cooking, and takes pride
in its wine cellar. The Golden Nuggett, last I heard, is decked
out in pure haute monde Texas atmosphere with the smell
of raw leather and a catchall menu including beefsteak, sea-
Air-conditioned, bright, with excellent acoustics, the Auditorium

can seat 3,000 in soft seats on the main floor; 10,439 in total.
Beach, Los Angeles. In one of the very best restaurants I

ran my eye down the menu price column and found only
one dinner over $3, none over $4. About five top eating spots
hit the $4-$5 range. There are spots in Dallas where you
—
can pour money out like water like the world famous Nie-
man-Marcus department store, which advertises nationally
and whose six floors of shopping area maintain an atmos-
phere, a presence, and a line of goods as if they were expect-
ing the Queen of England in ten minutes. You want to know
where Texas oil money goes? The husbands reinvest their
share in new enterprises and the wives spend theirs at Nie-
man-Marcus. Lesser women finagle Nieman-Marcus shopping
bags for status, then sneak out to the other good stores on
Elm, Main and Commerce streets to fill them. My Emily had
threatened punishment if I didn't bring her something that
was exclusively Nieman-Marcus. Before I left home I added
what was in my piggy bank to my winter's bowling winnings
and in Dallas I blew it on a half-ounce of Nieman-Marcus
—
perfume $15 plus tax. I got kissed when I got home, ugly
as I am. You can't get NM
perfume anywhere except Nie-
man-Marcus, Dallas.
Now about food.I did my best, and didn't put on too much,
honest, Doc. Mike Barns had bragged to me about the beef

at the Beefeaters Inn. As I recall, he said you didn't need
gums to chew it and it was as sweet to a man as candy is
to a baby. "Show me," said I. Arthur and Mary Lee run
the Beefeaters (evening meals only). It's small and comforta-
ble. Mary wasn't there. Mike took Arthur aside and said,
"Look, I've got this magazine writer here. He'll write for
millions about the food. Quick, Arthur, what's the best thing
on the menu tonight? The very best?" Arthur Lee said:
"Anything. Let him order anything on the menu." "Please, La Tunisia's "Arabian nights" splendor is but a sample
of the luxury of Dallas' restaurants, hotels, motels.
Arthur, the best," Mike implored. "Anything on the menu,"
said Arthur, growing stern.
I ordered a prime rib dinner (this was about $4.25). The food, Italian and Mexican cuisine. La Vielle Varsovie, also
meat was rich, red, juicy, and about yea thick. You scarcely known "Old Warsaw," is French; there are four El Fenix
as
needed gums to chew it and it was as sweet to a man as candy Restaurants (Mexican); Dominique is French and Italian;
is to a baby. I don't see how the Legionnaires who will want The Torch is Greek; Yee's. near the airport, is Chinese
to eat at the Beefeaters will ever get in the place. It's small indeed Cantonese.
and comfortable. We've tossed in a photo of La Tunisia with this story so
Oh, well. Right downtown is the Copper Cow with barbe- you can see what I mean about "sumptuous," "extravagant,"
cued ribs, chicken, ham or beef at $2.85, with seconds on the and "richly-appointed." The details are peculiar to La Tu-
house; and a couple of Cattlemen's Restaurants with host- nisia, but the general flavor is what I've been talking about
esses in 6-gun western outfits; and the Steak House Unique; in oodles of Dallas spots. La Tunisia, in Exchange Park, decks
and the Town and Country Restaurant which specializes in itself and its help out like the mysterious East, and offers
beef as well as Chinese dishes —
and they all go in for ele- North African food as well as Texas steaks. Maybe its 7-foot
gance and atmosphere. turbanned doorman will be there (Continued on page 41)
WASHINGTON PRO * CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON COMPULSORY UNIONISM
SHOULD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CONTINU

YES
Rep. William M Tuck (D-Va.) the minority are protected. In the "union shop," the
5th District minority have no rights; if in a plant employing 100
national labor workers, 51 vote for a union shop, the remaining 49
Our policy,
must join or get out. This is a form of absolute tyranny.
expressed in Section 8 (a)
(3) of the National Labor Rela-
The other contention most often advanced is the so-
tions Act, permits employers —
called "free rider" argument that those who are not
and unions to make "union members benefit from the union's work and should be
shop" agreements. Where these forced to pay. The inference is that if a man elects not
agreements exist, there is no to join the union where he works there can be but one
freedom of choice for the indi- —

reason his desire to be a parasite on his fellows. But
vidual worker; union membership is compulsory and there are many reasons why a man may not want to
he must join or be fired. This serious infringement of join a union. He may believe that the union's demands
freedom was unacceptable to Senator Taft and others. will bring about his unemployment by forcing his em-
Through their insistence the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act ployer to automate, reduce the work force, or even
provided, by Section 14(b), that union membership close down the plant; he may oppose the political
could not be made a condition of employment in states causes and candidates his dues would support; he may
which acted to outlaw such compulsion. believe that union policies are harmful generally by
Twenty states have so acted, through passage of endangering America's position in international trade
"Right-To-Work" laws. The individual worker is free or by producing inflation. In any event, it is for each
to join or not to join a union at his place of employment
individual to decide whether the union, on balance,
— —
as he sees fit without fear of sanction or reprisal
benefits him; only the "Right-To-Work" laws give the
liberty not to join.
whichever his choice.
Repeal of Section 14 would withdraw from the
(b)
Repeal Section 14 (b) and you repeal the freedom of
by law their citizens' exer- the states to legislate for the welfare of their citizens,
states the right to safeguard
cise of individual liberty. It would repudiate the will
and the freedom of choice and of association which is
of the people of 20 states and paralyze the other 30, in
the inalienable right of every American.
order to vest in organized labor a power given no
private institution in our society and wholly alien to
—
our society the power to compel membership, sup-
port, and unquestioning allegiance.
Against the "Right-To-Work," the proponents of
compulsion make two chief arguments. They argue
that if the majority of workers in a bargaining suit
want a union shop they should have it, because ma-
jority rule is the American way. But majority rule is
the American way only when the essential liberties of
If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel
on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.
26 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964

REP. WILLIAM M. TUCK, VA. AND SEN. HARRISON WILLIAMS, JR., N. J.
SUPPORTING STATE "RIGHT-TO -WORK" LAWS?
NO he should be free to drop union membership. What is

Sen. Harrison Williams, Jr. (D-N.J.)
overlooked is that a person dropping club membership
is barred from using club facilities.
"WETERANS GIVE-AWAY IS a
w tricky label used to dis- Because a union must assist non-member employees,
credit needed veterans' benefits. the issue does not concern a person's right to work,
The tricky "Right-To-Work" but rather the wrong he does his fellow workers who
label camouflages state laws that must finance the assistance he ga ns from bargaining
;
destroy majority rule and in- —

"Free riders" Senator Taft's characterization of
employees who accept union services but assume none
dustrial peace —
goals which are
of the costs —are resented by union members and make
basic to our democracy.
"Right-To-Work" laws destroy free choice and force for an insecure union. In time, frivolous grievances or
an employer and his workers to accept a compulsory unreasonable wage demands may displace responsible
open shop. Here, the employer and his workers are collective bargaining. Without the finances needed to
denied the freedom to decide upon a "union shop," conduct its responsibilities, a union may ultimately
"agency shop," or other mutually agreeable work ar- collapse, thereby jeopardizing the industrial peace so
rangement authorized by our national labor laws. vital to our nation's security and economic growth.
Under national law, "agency shop" employees not Ironically, some aggressive "Right-To-Work" advo-
joining a union pay service fees to cover bargaining cates are totally indifferent toward obtaining Fair Em-
costs. "Union shop" employees must join the union or ployment legislation. This suggests they are not really
pay union dues; and national law allows workers to interested in fair employment opportunities but are
end the "union shop" by majority vote. But the using the tricky label "Right-To-Work" to disguise
"Right-To-Work" compulsory open shop cannot be their efforts to destroy free collective bargaining.
—
changed even when the employer and every em- Hiding behind "Right-To-Work" laws is the senseless
jungle of industrial strife which this nation abandoned
ployee want to.
Besides destroying free choice, "Right-To-Work" years ago. We must not go back to that wasteful chaos.
laws are basically unjust. A union is legally required to
negotiate wages, process grievances, and provide other
hard-won benefits for union and non-union workers
alike. Despite the union's duty to assist all employees
equally, some "Right-To-Work" laws bar arrange-
ments where non-union employees pay their fair share
for these services, even when the employer and the
majority of his workers want such an arrangement.
The "Right-To-Work" argument mistakenly com-
pares unions with voluntary associations. It claims that
since a person has the right to drop club membership,
THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Magazine IN MY OPINION THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
for June the arguments in PRO & CON: SHOULD SHOULD NOT SUPPORT STATE "RIGHT TO WORK" LAWS.
Should The Federal Government Continue SIGNED

Supporting State "Right-To-Work" Laws? ADDRESS
TOWN STATE
L. .J
A REPORT FROM
The Alaskan Earthquake

By KEN SCHANK anyone else's children, and he was taken ter was approved for use on Friday
Public Relations Officer, American into the other room and settled down. morning. The two GI's on duty with the
Legion Post 1, Anchorage, Alaska 1,482 people entered the Post the first water truck made themselves extremely
night with approximately 375 persons re- helpful, not only for the water distribu-
the March
OnJack Henry
day 27th
Post
of
# 1 , Anchorage.
1964,
maining all night in the building for the
shelter the Post offered. Many had no
tion, but also for details such as garbage
removal, washing dishes, unloading food
Alaska, one of the oldest Posts in The
homes and in many cases had no knowl- and many other chores.
American Legion and the first Post of
edge of the whereabouts of their families. Another problem was sanita-
critical
Alaska, chartered in February 1919. re-
Some were in tears, others in shock. tion. When the water systemwas rup-
ceived one of most trying experiences.
its
There were three cases of pregnant tured a need for toilet facilities was of
On 5:37 p.m. pandemo-
this date at
women. One was having labor pains. The too great importance to be treated as
nium broke loose at the time normal
Post was fortunate in having a doctor a delicate subject. Several Legionnaires
preparations were being made for the
and one or two nurses on duty at all acquired large metal pails with lids in
bi-monthly meetings of its members. This
times throughout the week. At times as which holes were cut with a hunting
grand old building squirmed and groaned
many as five nurses were on duty. Three knife and plastic bag inserts were secured
in the twisting actions of what was to
corpsmen and an ambulance were also from a nearby super market. This type
be one of the world's greatest earth-
dispatched to us as standby from a near- of container is usually referred to in
quakes. Within seconds God had stopped
by Air Guard base for the first 48 hours. Alaska, as its counterpart was in the
man as electricity, water,
the progress of
telephones and gas were dormant, the
We also had offers of psychiatric treat- Army, as a "honey bucket." A honey
ment if we needed it for any of the refu- bucket brigade was set up in both toilets
contours of land and buildings were
gees or workers. None was required but to keep them clean and see that the waste
changed. Many personal tragedies and
several times it was marginal with some was disposed of by a honey bucket wag-
deaths were soon to be known to the
of the workers who had been on their on. At the same time there were 80 chil-
world. After an inspection of the build-
feet continuously for six days and nights dren in the building and a need for dia-
ing, it was determined safe for use as a
with some having no more than six to pers was quickly overcome by placing
shelter and the Commander issued a call
eight hours of sleep the whole time. The disposable diapers in the ladies' rest room.
over the only radio station in operation
original idea was to fill the gap for Civil These were also given to the babies'
for all members to meet at the Post. In
the meantime, several Legionnaires and
Defense from the time of emergency un- mothers when they left the Post for their
til the wheels could be set in motion and new homes. The sanitation problem was
their families had arrived at the Post, for-
getting their own personal losses and the larger organizations could take over. well under control by Saturday afternoon
It was never intended to duplicate the as the water service was restored to the
problems, to be of assistance to the com-
munity. Soon many more Legionnaires work of the Red Cross and Salvation building. But it was not tested and con-
and Auxiliary members, who had heard Armv, although the coordination was sidered safe to drink until Friday noon of
the appeal for help, arrived. wonderful between these units. By the the following week.
Immediately the shelter was organ- time the Post had filled its mission it had
ized: candles and fireplace were lit. the served 5.200 sandwiches. 320 gallons of
coffee and well over 6.000 hot meals,
With the area water situation
was, an immediate need for
as
ty-
it
propane stove in the kitchen served well

to make coffee, crews were dispatched consisting of sausage and eggs, moose, phoid vaccine was noted and steps were
for water from nearby wells, snow was bear, caribou, salads, soup, hot rolls, taken to give typhoid shots at the Post.
also melted and sandwiches were made chicken, salmon, chile, hot dogs, ham- The big problem was where to acquire the
from the well stocked kitchen. burgers, airline flight dinners, cookies, vaccine. This was temporarily overcome
The Legion's Defense Chairman
Civil stew and many other edibles. Three by calling a druggist whose store was in
went immediately to Civil Defense Head- radio station crews received hot meals the middle of the disaster area and getting
quarters, which was not destroved. and around the clock, which totaled 99 meals permission to use his vaccine. This fur-
began working with the officials. daily. They were delivered by our trans- nished vaccine for 400 people Saturday
Two members power plant
located a portationcommittee, who also served afternoon. Many were turned away. Sat-
for auxiliary power, as candles and gas many meals to employees of the airport urday night one Legion member was
lights were too dangerous in a crowded who were unable to get food because the leaving by plane for Seattle and was told
building. A fire guard was put into action only cafe in that area had collapsed. A to contact the Legion Post in Seattle
immediately to prevent a loss by fire. lunch wagon was also dispatched from early Sunday morning to arrange for
The transportation chairman went in- the Post to the downtown disaster area shipment by air of 1000 cc's of typhoid
to action providing drivers and vehicles serving hot meals, sandwiches and coffee vaccine. This arrived Sunday noon and
for communications between the Post, to the rescue workers. immediately calls were sent out over ra-
Civil Defense Headquarters and radio As people filled Jack Henry Post # 1 dio stations that shots would be given
stations (three were now operating). many problems arose. One problem was that afternoon. Sunday afternoon the
Registration was set up at the door by drinking water and water for dishes. This citizens of Anchorage were lined up for
the Auxiliary women to list all people was overcome by 3:00 a.m. Saturday a city block awaiting their shots. Easter
entering or leaving the building, when morning when two Legionnaires went to eggs and cookies were given to the chil-
they left and where they went. We found the Civil Defense Headquarters and ar- dren after they received their shots.
this was very beneficial later in locating ranged for an Army water tanker to be (Clothing and food were also distributed
missing persons. As each person came dispatched to the Post. A driver and as well as many gallons of water. Baby
in. he gave his name, was asked if he had helper were stationed there until city wa- food was passed out as required.) 1,069
28 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JU NE 1964
Anchorage devastation. In foreground, whole hillside slid out leaving remains of houses a chaotic jumble.
shots were given in three hours. Many still Easter. The surplus baskets were de- military on duty there. They were very
food handlers, doctors and nurses, fire- livered to the Alaska Native Hospital for grateful, but their first question was what
men and other busv people were placed distribution to the children there. could they do for us in Anchorage.
at the head of the line, as they arrived, By now the whole country was aware As the clothing drive started,
it created
in order that they might get back to their that Jack Henry Post # was fulfilling
1 another monster. Approximately 8.000
work. Bv Fridav evening, one week after its purpose in the community. Manv tes- lbs. of clothing started to arrive at the
the disaster struck, a total of 3.020 ty- timonials had been given the Post for Post. This was sorted bv the clothing
phoid shots had been administered, along meritorious service in time of need. One committee and the Junior Auxiliary.
with many sedatives and treatment of prominent newscaster gave 5 minutes 1 Soon another 65 boxes of clothing ar-
small children for minor illnesses. of his radio time for a wonderful talk rived on MATS Military Plane from
All of the food, clothing, coffee mak- praising Jack Henry Post # and what 1 Anacortes. Washington. As the building
ers, blankets, sleeping bags, disposable it had accomplished. Although it was bulged with clothes, the Legion Post
diapers, cigarettes. Easter eggs, movie given at 2:30 a.m. Sunday morning, #28 offered their fireproof building as
projectors, film, music, clothing and manv ears were tuned to it. One person storage and distribution center and the
manv other items were donated bv the in particular was tuned in. a long time VFW Auxiliary offered their help to dis-
citizens of Anchorage. The response to member of our Post Bob Kaufman. — pense and sort the clothes. The Red
our wonderful radio station calls was The next day he was at the Post with his Cross and Salvation Army sent many
overwhelming, manv times we had to wife helping direct traffic in the building. people out to us with referral slips but
cancel the appeal for certain items with- When he registered he told the recep- many people were given clothes as thev
in 30 minutes after it reached the air. tionist "manv times he had been proud took their shots or came in for a hot
Saturday evening the organ that is nor- to be a Legionnaire, but never had he meal. Our records list 67 families sup-
mally used at the Post for fun and play been so proud to be a member of Jack plied with clothing. Many others w ho re-
had a serious part to play in rendering Henry Post # ." This 76-year-old mem-
I ceived clothing and food were not listed.
a service to our community. It was ber will never be able to say those words The clothing, food and toy situation is
played by a Legion member for several again. Bob Kaufman, life member, now under control and w e probably have
hours, soothing the tired, weary and passed away that Tuesday morning of a more of these items than are actuallv
shocked. The music did much for the heart attack. This Post is certainly going needed.
morale of all who heard it. Many dozed to miss this wonderful man. We of Jack Henry Post # of An- 1
off in their blankets and sleeping bags. To our knowledge at this time there chorage. Alaska, can walk w ith our heads
have been two members of this Post erect and feel proud to have the little
Easter Sunday came to light, hot listed as casualties. Robert Kaufman and number on the side of our caps. Our
As food_was served and later in the Lee Stever.
1
mission of supplying meals, shelter, cof-

morning projectors and films to last all Due to poor communications up to fee, clothes, guard duty and many other
day were set up in our back room and the this time we have not been able to con- duties for the community w'as well per-
children sp;n. most of the day viewing tact the other Posts and receive full deformed by many persons for many long
comedy and serious films. While the chil- tails of casualties or losses in the quake hours and sleepless nights until the job
dren were occupied, babies were being area. When this information is received. was finished.
cared for bv the Junior Auxiliary girls Jack Henrv Post it will be standing bv
I Jack Henry Post #1 is ready for to-
so their parents could move about. The to help. morrow, next week or next year and will
sons of the Legionnaires were detailed Onetruckload of clothes, food and always be available if help is needed in
to remove the bedding and sleeping bags sleeping bags was taken to Glennallen the community. However, none of this
from the building and air them out. Post #27. Monday evening bv a volun- could have been accomplished without
When evening fell and manv of the good teer and given to the Post to distribute. the help of all the businessmen, citizens
citizens had felt the sting of the needle, At the time he arrived the evacuees of and children of the community. To these
a deluxe Easter basket was issued to ev- Valdez and town people were reported wonderful people. Jack Henry Post #1
ery child in the shelter. After all, it was to be eating the rations issued to the extends its heartfelt thanks. the end
THE AM RICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 29
your hook under it to keep the hook from
i% ROD & GUN®

waving in the breeze while you move to an-
other spot. Used as a swab, a pipe cleaner
will oil those hard-to-reach places in your
<TA CLUB reel. Wrap a piece of one around a hook
and you have a wooly-worm that will catch
trout as well as panfish. You can even dress
it up with nail polish or ink.
Guessing The Weather WHEN WATER IS MUDDY after a heavy

rain, most fishermen stay home. Why waste
Meteorologists say that simply by it is to the north or northwest, south or time when the fish can't see the lure? They
noting cloud and wind direc-
types southwest, it will miss you in all probability. might not be able to see one, but they can
tion outdoorsmen in the field can make But if you are facing a south wind, indicat- hear it. Use a surface lure that makes a lot
reasonably accurate weather forecasts for ing the storm is west from you, get ready of fuss, for big trout a small popping bug
short periods in advance. All weather on for it. If an early morning fog has no wind and for bass a large plug that splashes nois-
this continent moves generally from west to to blow it away, the day will be fair. ily when retrieved. gob of worms
Or try a
east. The clouds which precede it reveal its Want to tell the air temperature using on a hook with a dished-out cork as a bob-
ber; the cork can be made to pop by jerking
character. Their types depend on the air's a watch? Count the cricket chirps for 15
temperature and moisture content, two basic seconds and add 40, says an oldtimer. We're the rod tip. Cast along a shoreline.
causes of weather. The third is wind, due waiting for cricket time to see for ourselves.
to dillerences in air pressures. The weather- DRUG-LOADED ARROWHEADS were
indicating clouds are: cirrus, hair-like wisps WHEN YOU'RE FISHINGboat and
in a
the subject of an article in a recent out-
high in the stratosphere, also called "mares' you get thirsty, you may have soda or beer door magazine. These "hypo arrows,"
tails"; cumulus, which resemble tufts of cot- or a thermos but there's no place to rest it loaded with a special drug, could kill a deer
ton: stratus, a layer of shapeless fog high where it'll be tip-proof after it has been cleanly, painlessly, within 30 seconds after
above the ground; and nimbus, a heavy it was hit. A good idea? If you're think-
black rain cloud. ing of giving them a try, forget it! Al-
A sky of cirrus clouds indicates short most everywhere the use of chemicals or
range fair weather. When displaced by drugs in taking game animals is forbidden
cumulus, then stratus, a steady rain is due except in very rare instances. If you're a
shortly. A cumulus sky not preceded by bow-hunter, you'll have to continue doing
ii the old Redskin way.
cirrus also means fair general weather but
if these clouds grow into huge anvil shapes
with black bases, they are cumulo-nimbus,

LOYAL FLY ANGLERS consider trout the
or thunderheads, and will become local
nobility of game
and even abhor the
fish
thunderstorms. When cirrus or cumulus in- idea of catch'ng one on a worm. How must
crease in number to cover the sky and the
they feel about this latest bait? At Lake
wind is westerly, squalls may develop but Merced. San Francisco, anglers have discov-
opened. After Andy Louviere of Jeanerette,
ered that trout have a hankering for vari-
seldom steady rain. The same sky with an La., decided he'd spilled too many he dis-
colored miniature marshmallows. The bait
easterly wind means, however, steady rain covered a remedy. To the sides of his boat
within a day. A stratus layer promises rain
has another advantage; when trout aren't
near each seat he screwed an empty can
biting, the angler can eat it himself.
at any time. When nimbus clouds appear, slightly larger than his favorite beverage
they bring immediate rain. When the sun container. Now he simply places the open
shines through a halo (high-altitude bottle or can in one of these improvised
A DEER CALL often will coax a nice buck
stratus), rain will follow by nightfall. Scat- holders. A coat of spray-paint protects them
to your rifle, and Owen Gordon of McCool,
tered patches of stratus in an east or south Miss., has a recipe for one. All you need,
from rust.
wind will bring rain. he says, are two strips of soft wood about
4"x2"x'/»". a flat rubber band and some
Cloud colors at dawn and sunset are MOST FLY LINES must be treated peri-
caused by the moisture content of the air odically with line dressing so they'll float
strong fishing line. With a sharp knife carve
which bends the sun's light rays varying a shallow hollow in the center of one flat
and also so they'll shoot through the rod
side of each wooden strip, then place one
degrees and so they also are weather fore- guides with a minimum of friction. Should
casters. If the sun rises in a blue sky be- you forget your dressing, writes F. S. Mill-
hind light violet clouds, the day will be fair. ham of Fullerton. Pa., just take a piece of
If the clouds form a purple cloud bank, waxed paper, fold it, and draw the line
there will also be a strong wind. A gray or through it several times. The wax will serve
rosy dawn means a sunny day. but a fiery as an emergency dressing and you're back
red one means rain and wind. These are in business.
eastern skies, however, and weather comes
from the west; therefore the day clouds may BROWNING ARMS CO., one of our
show a weather change. Evening skies in most reliable manufacturers of fine shot-
the west are more reliable. After a fiery guns, rifles and pistols, last year branched
sunset expect a hot, clear day with probable out into the archery business. Now it's in
afternoon thunderstorms. A red sunset with the fishing tackle business, too. Recently it
stripon top of the other with these hollows
heavy clouds means a cloudy day with a acquired a fishing-rod subsidiary, the maker facing each other and with the flat strand
late rain. A golden sunset with purple of Silaflex rods. We are familiar with these of rubber band stretched tightly between
clouds, or a rosy sunset, generally brings fishing rods and find them in keeping with them. Tie together the ends of the strips with
clear weather, but a yellow evening sky Browning's high standards. They are tough, the fishing line. When you blow gently
forecasts rain. have continuous action from butt to tip, through the hollow thus formed, the rubber
Winds from the north to southeast usually and are not expensive when one considers band will vibrate and you'll get a very se-
bring rain except in some western areas. their quality.
ductive "bla-a-at" that will fool any deer.
Those from the south to northwest bring
ORDINARY CLEANERS you have a helpful idea for this feature
If
fair skies. A marked shift in wind direction PIPE can be
send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you
means a weather change, from rain to fair useful to all even non-smokers.
anglers,
§5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re-
or from fair to rain. To track a distant They can be twisted around coils of mono- turn, or enter into correspondence concern-
thunderstorm, face the wind; the storm filament and nylon leaders to keep them ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor,
will usually be directly to your right. Since from becoming entangled. Twist one around The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth
thunderstorms travel from west to east, if your rod above the handle and you can slip Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019.
A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH
VETERANS
NEWSLETTER JUNE 1964

ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU
INCOME TAX REDUCTION where total income ranges from $4,000

MAY BE TRAP IN APRIL 1965; to $27,000; where all their income is
MANY MAY OWE THE GOV'T wages or salary: where they can claim
MORE THAN THEY HAVE: 10% of their total salary or wages as
legitimate deductions and where with -
;
In spite of the fact that federal in- holding is done on the government's 14%
come taxes have been reduced at all formula.
levels for 1964, many people are apt to Tax owed
be in for a very rude shock . . They
. after
will owe more taxes, after payroll with- Total income Withholdin g
holdin g deuuctions than ever before. $ 4,000 $ 3.00
To make the shock worse, even before 5,000 24.00
the 1964 tax data was available, govern- 6,000 48.00
ment spokesmen had encouraged Americans 7,000 88.00
to spend their larger payrolls to "boost 8,000 128.00
the economy" . . . The financial world 9,000 168.00
suggested that many of them would do it 10,000 208.00
by pledging their withholding tax savings 11,000 272.50
toward credit-buying of expensive items 12,000 344.00
... As a result many taxpayers may find 13,000 415.50
themselves coming down to next April 14,000 487.00
owing the government substantial sums 15,000 569.00
which they've already spent or obi g ated 16,000 672.00
in the climate of "boost the economy by 17,000 775.00
spending the payroll tax savings." 18,000 878.00
Those who file an estimated ta x re- 19,000 981.00
turn for 1964 in advance and pay on it in 20,000 1,112.00
advance will already have discovered 21,000 1,246.50
the big discrepancy between the real tax 22,000 1,381.00
cut and the illusory tax cut in the pay- 23,000 1,515.50
roll deductions. 24,000 1,664.00
On the other side of the coin, many 25,000 1,830.00
people whose whole incomes are between 26,000 1,996.00
$5,000 and $10,000 have never filed 27,000 2, 162.00
estimated returns in advance because they Having more dependents doesn't change
didn't owe enough after withholding to the situation materially ... By way of
be required to ... In the "spend the comparison, let's take the same family,
money" atmosphere that rode in with the but with one other dependent and compare
tax cut many of them may not discover the effect of the reduced withholding on
until next April that this year their what it would have to ante up in the end
withholding is so far below their for 1963, as compared to 1964.
actual tax that they were required by On total wages of $8, 000 this family
law to file an estimated return last would have gotten a refund of $8 on its
April 15 for the first time . . They may
. 1963 withholding . .For 1964, al-
.
well feel that they have been lulled though its total tax would be $148 less
into owing the government money they than in 1963, it would be entitled to no
don't have and violating the law as well. refund in April, 1965 ... It will have
The standard government payroll with- to p ay $92 from resources other than
holding formula has been reduced from withholding.
18% to 14% of all wages in excess of the Such a family, if its whole income
personal exemptions ($600 per person). were $15,000, had to pay $266 more than
Below is an example of what a man and withholding on 1963 's income .For . .
wife with no dependents, filing a j oint 1964, although its tax is $292.40 less, it
return, will owe after payroll deductions, will have to pay $501. 50 in addition to
THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 3J
what is withheld throughout the year. campaign of their own This is true
. . .
What to do about it? . . . Those who of every major money bill in Congress,
have not filed an "estimated tax return" be it veterans legislation, medicare,
for 1964 had better get the forms and in- a "poverty control" bill or what-have-
structions from their Internal Revenue you, whether sponsored by the Legion,
Office, and calculate their probable 1964 the State Department or the President
income tax immediately, comparing it with of the United States .The road to. .
the withholding rate applied to their pay pension reform is for all interested
by their employers . . Many of them who
. people to write and write and k eep
have not already done so may find that writing to their own Congressmen, and get
they were required by law to have filed as many others to do so as po ssible and
an estimated return last April 15, be- never get faint-hearted or discouraged
cause they will owe so much more than is or accept a non-committal letter from
being withheld. one's Congressman as a final answer . . .
Employers are deeply concerned about Some veterans who need this bill on —
this problem and many of them have asked whose behalf the Legion sponsors it
their employees to take steps to increase have asked "Why haven't the Legion's
their withholding tax . . . Some employ- spokesmen gotten it passed?" No . . .
ers can withhold any additional amount money bill is passed by spokesmen, it is
asked by employees, though they cannot passed by the climate of o pinio n built
withhold more than the insufficient fed- in Congress by the constituents of the
eral formula without a request from the Congressmen . .. Veterans who have seen
employee . . . Others cannot withhold an Presidents work for years to pass their
arbitrary amount because their payrolls own programs and fail should realize that
are on computers, which must be fed gen- leadership can steer a bill and make it
uine tax data rather than be instructed a reasonable bill to be passed and give
to come up with a predetermined answer expert testimony on it and call on
. . .Such employers have been suggesting followers for untiring support, but
that employees file false, but harmless only the unified persistence of people
and non-fraudulent, information with who vote can bring it off.
them, such as claiming no personal ex- Hearings have recently been held on
emptions (though they will claim them in HR2136, to reopen NSLI life insurance
their tax returns) . You can increase
. . (WW2 and Korea) for a year to make
your withholding by $84 a year for every amends to veterans who had the right to
personal exemption that you actually have take out more insurance, but lost that
(yourself, your wife or husband, your right witho ut one day' s grace period
minor children) which you disclaim for more than ten years ago . . . Rehab
purposes of withholding . Some em-. . Director John Corcoran testified on it
ployers can increase the rate of with- for the Legion, going over ground that
holding, using some other rate than 14%, has been gone over in the many years that
if asked to . . . Meanwhile, unless this the Senate has unanimously passed the bill
word filters down to the millions in- and the House has blocked it . . .
volved before they spend the imaginary "Newsletter" takes a cynical view of the
part of their tax reduction, the Capital future of this bill . The House Vet-
. .
may have the biggest wave of public in- erans Affairs Committee pays more atten-
dignation on its hands at the moment of tion to the opposition to it of life
truth next April since Yalta. insurance lobbyists, than to the bill's
eminent fairness to veterans For a . . .
WHAT HAPPEN EO TO THE bill that would cost no federal money

LEGION PENSION BILL? (the insured being charged for the ad-
ministrative cost) for a bill that the
;
HR1927, the Legion's veterans pension Senate has passed time and again out of
reform bill, which was reported and dis- a sense of fair play to veterans for a ;
cussed in great detail here a year and bill that should open millions of homes
more ago, has sat in the House Veterans to insurance agents (by giving 7 million
Affairs Committee without hearings ever or so veterans a one-year deadline in
since . . . There is no indication that which to revise their family insurance
it will pass unless veterans and their programs under an expirable advantage),
widows start and continue a massive the opposition seems stupid to us.
NEWS AMERICAN JUNE 1964
OF THE
AND VETERANS AFFAIRS

LEGION
tests before coming to the Tampa finals.
Wisconsin Boy Wins $4,000 Fourth place winner

Donald L. Burnett, Jr., a senior at Poca-
is 17-year-old
High School in his home town of

Legion Nat'l Oratorical Prize tello
Pocatello, Idaho. Donald won his $500
national scholarship after taking top
Sixteen-year-old David Bruce Marth

honors in the Sectional D
and Regional
Contests. He participated in Idaho
of Wausau, Wisconsin, won the 27th An-
1 1
Boys' state, is busy with extracurricular

nual National Oratorical Contest of The
activities, and has won several civic
American Legion before an audience of
awards. His choice of career at the pres-
approximately 1,200 people at Hillsbor-
ent time is law and he lives with his par-
ough High School in Tampa, Florida, on
ents, Mr. and Mrs. Donald L. Burnett in
April 16. Almost the youngest person
Pocatello.
ever to win the $4,000 college scholar-
ship, David was sponsored by Montgom-
The first National Oratorical Contest
ery Plant Post 10 of Wausau, and is a was conducted in 1938 with eleven
junior at the Senior High School of that
Depts competing and 4,000 students par-
ticipating. Held annually under the aus-
city.
pices of the national Americanism Com-
A matter of a few months difference in
mission of The American Legion, the
age prevented Dave from being the
contest has grown to the point where over
youngest winner. Senator Frank Church,
Jr., of Idaho, still holds that honor, hav-
350,000 students participate each year.
ing taken the prize as a 16-year-old in The national prizes total $8,000,
1941 at Charleston, South Carolina. and to date The American Legion has
Before winning the valuable college Nat'l Oratorical winner David Bruce Marth provided more than $186,000 in cash
scholarship, Dave had garnered top hon- scholarships on the national level. Many
ors at the Sectional C Contest held at competition by Lt. A. Vernon McCauley more thousands of dollars in cash and
Indianapolis. Ind., and had also won the Post 270 of Dorchester, Mass. Chris, scholarships are awarded each year by
Regional 9 trial held in the Senate Cham- who climbed to national eminence by Departments, their districts and posts.
bers of the State Capitol in Bismarck, winning the Sectional A and Regional 1 The subject material used for the pre-
North Dakota. Contests, is also very active in extracur- pared Oratorical Contest must be on
Young Marth, who was accompanied ricular affairs. some phase of the Constitution of the
by his speech coach, Ervin C. Marquardt Third place winner is 16-year-old United States.
of Wausau, is active in extracurricular Gary D. Priour, a junior at Tivy High The contestants also must talk off-the-
affairs, both social and athletic, and his School in Kerrville, Texas. His award cuff from four to six minutes to deter-
present plans are to use the scholarship was a $1,000 scholarship which he plans mine the depth of knowledge on the sub-
studying for the ministry. He lives with to use for studying law. The son of Mr. ject of the basic principles of our Con-
his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Marth and Mrs. Dale Priour, of Ingram, Texas, stitutional government. They are in-
of Wausau. Gary was sponsored by the Garrett- formed of the extemporaneous subject
Marth and Coach Marquardt traveled Baker Post 13 of Kerrville. A tall Texan, only six minutes before they are required
over 5,000 miles in winning the seven Gary is active in basketball, football, to talk on it.
oratorical contests (including the final) and among other things is an editor on Following are the eight other regional
which made him national champion. several of his school publications. He winners:
Headlines of newspapers in his local area won the Sectional B and Regional 6 Con- Regional 2 — Donna Maclnnis, 17, of
claimed "Thousands Throng Wausau
Airport To Greet Speech Champ David
Marth." The sponsoring post, Montgom-
ery Plant Post 10, and its drum and
bugle corps, were out in force to meet
the homecoming winner. Dave will also
appear at many of the important national
Legion events throughout the next year,
including the National Convention in
Dallas, Tex., Sept. 18-24.
The other three finalists:
Second place winner is Christopher
Kenney, 17, a senior at Boston College
High School, Dorchester, Mass. His prize
was a $2,500 scholarship and he intends
to study for the clergy. The son of Mr.
and Mrs. John Torrey Kenney of Nor-
wood, Mass., he was sponsored in the Contest runners-up (I. to r.) Christopher Kenney, Gary Priour, and Donald Burnett.
NEWS
Notre Dame High School, Fairfield, alert every post and unit of the need for they are in high Because so many
spirits.
Conn. funds to provide food, clothing and other have and businesses, our
lost their jobs
Regional 3 —Albert Meloni, 17, of basic and immediate emergency needs. direct aid has been most welcome.
Gonzaga High School, Washington. Legislatively, plans went forward to "In the Homer area, early damage was
D. C. assure Federal relief for the stricken not too heavy and the gravest concern
Regional 4 —Thomas L. Craig, 17, areas. Sen. Henry M. Jackson, is the fact that the land mass has sunk
of Elkins High School, Elkins, West Va. (D-Wash.), introduced Senate Bill and is now being threatened by high
Regional 5 — Thomas E. Bridwell, 17,
2719 to provide retroactive disaster in- tides. This could ruin dock and harbor
of Englewood High School, Jacksonville, surance and committee hearings were be- facilities for the future.
Fla.
ing held as this was being written. "According to present reports, Seward
Regional 7 —
Michael John Perry, 18,
At press time, funds totaling more
than $50,000 had been transmitted to the
lost all their industry."
From National Executive Committee-
of St. Xavier High School, Louisville,
Ky.
Dep't of Alaska. The figure does not in- man Herald E. Stringer, of Alaska, in a
clude clothing, typhoid serum and other telephone call to Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F.
Regional 8—
David S. Hobbs, 17, of
aid. Many more thousands of dollars Foley: "During the darkest hours the
Marietta High School, Marietta. Okla.
would be needed. Legion was magnificent. You would have
Regional 10 — James Robert Vivian,
National Hq kicked off the drive with been proud as I was to see the work of
17, of Clovis High School, Clovis, N.
a direct contribution of $5,000. The Post here in Anchorage. This is the
1
Mex.
Dep'ts of New York, Ohio, Hawaii, and kind of thing that the Legion does best
Regional 12 — Kathy Eastmond, 17, Washington followed rapidly with sums on a community level."
of American Fork High School, Ameri- in the substantial thousands. Other de- Stringer, who
lives in Anchorage
can Fork, Utah. partments began cranking up their fund where now more than 2,000 are home-
Also participating in the Regional machinery. less, said his own office was a "shambles,"
trialswere contestants from Alaska, Ha- The Easter weekend disaster proved his home was in an unsafe-for-occu-
waii, and Germany (Dep't of France). once again that the Legion, both at the pancy area, and "it is a miracle that we
The 1965 National Oratorical Finals national and local level, is at its best in are alive."
will be held at Portland, Oregon. time of emergency. As soon as possible after the quake,
Some from Legion officials
reports Alaska Dep't Cmdr George Petrovitch
Alaskan Relief Fund hard at work in the quake areas: of Anchorage, telephoned Nat'l Adj't
The mighty earth tremor that shook From Joseph M. Briones. Dep't Adj't E. A. Blackmore and reported that
Alaska at 5:39 p.m. on Good Friday of Alaska and Coordinator of Alaskan Seward Post 5 and Jack Allman Post 17
1964, sent giant tidal waves up and down Relief "The Valdez situation is grim and
: of Kodiak had been destroyed.
the Pacific Coast, caused property dam- tragic. This city will take a long time Despite all its troubles, the Dep't of
age close to $500 million, registered a tocome back. Women, children, and in Alaska decided to go ahead with its de-
reading exceeding 8 on the Richter scale some cases, entire families have been partment convention as scheduled in An-
of magnitude, and also triggered into evacuated to safe areas. Rebuilding will chorage the middle of this month.
action a massive nationwide campaign have to wait until geological and eco- (For a two-page report on earthquake
by The American Legion to provide nomic reports have been completed. relief work in Anchorage by Jack Henry
emergency relief funds for the Alaskan Glennallen Post & Unit 27 (115 miles Post 1, please turn to page 28).
earthquake victims. inland from Valdez) are doing a tre- Not all the damage was confined to
Almost immediately, Nat'l Cmdr Dan- mendous job feeding and housing the Alaska. Churned by the jolting Alaskan
iel F. Foley and Auxiliary Nat'l Presi- evacuees. Cash contributions to these earthquake, the Pacific Ocean, in a series
dent Mrs. Lucile P. Johnson, in a joint people have certainly given them a lot of tidal waves, battered the northern Cal-
telegram to all department headquarters of comfort and aid. ifornia coastal community of Crescent
of the Legionand Auxiliary, urged de- "Kodiak and vicinity were hard hit. City, leaving behind numerous dead and
partment commanders and presidents to Their economy is staggered. Despite this. missing and untold destruction.
JACK MORDECAI PHOTOS
After the quake, Anchorage citizens line up at Jack Henry Post 1 for typhoid shots such as this one being given with such feeling
by Dr. Wilber Raybourn and received by club managerVerlin Olson. Both are Legionnaires. Girl in the background seems sympathetic.
NEWS
In nearby communities, Del Norte
Post 175 and Smith River Post 712 im-
mediately responded to the emergency
with offers of assistance. Post 175 set
up a soup kitchen which was later turned
over to the Red Cross, while Post 712
manned a sandwich and coffee booth in
the disaster area.
The May issue of this magazine car-
ried an appeal in Editor's Corner for
funds to be donated to Alaskan earth-
quake victims with directions how to
send these funds to the proper sources.
We now repeat those directions.
Checks should be made out to "Ameri-
can Legion Alaskan Relief." and sent to
your state Legion headquarters.
If you don't know the address of your
state Legion headquarters, send it to this
magazine addressed as follows, and we
will forward it unopened to your state
Legion office:
Alaskan Relief
American Legion of (your state)
. a— bij _ 1
F. D. R. signs G.I. Bill. With him: (I. to r.) Sen. Bennett Champ Clark (dbl-
c/o The American Legion Magazine breasted suit), Cong. J. Hardin Peterson, Cong. A. Leonard Allen, Cong. John
720 5th Ave. E. Rankin, Cong. Paul Cunningham, Cong. Edith Nourse Rogers, FrankSullivan,
New York, N. Y. 10019 American Legion Legislative Representative, Sen. Walter F. George, John
Stelle (soon to be elected National Commander), and Sen. Robert F. Wagner.
Doughboy Pictures, Anyone?

The Columbia Broadcasting System G.I. Bill (PL 346— 78th Unemployment
is planning a television series based on
The
Congress) was signed by the late Almost 9 million veterans received
compensation:
the American Expeditionary Force in President Franklin D. Roosevelt a grand total of $3,800,000,000.
WW1 and needs still photographs of an (above) 20 years ago this month. Education and training: Over
individual Doughboy taken at various It is one of The American Le- 7,800,000 vets received their educa-
stages from civilian life into the Army gion's achievements. The
greatest tion at a cost of more than $ 3,000,- 1
and on into combat. Legion conceived it. drafted it into 000,000.

If you've got a complete photo album law. and fought it through Congress Guaranteed and insured loan pro-
with such pictures and think they might over bitter opposition. The total ef- gram: More than 5.000,000 former
meet the network's needs, get in touch fects of the bill surpassed even the G.I.'s obtained business and home
with the CBS Public Affairs Dept., 485 most optimistic dreams of the men purchase loans valued at around
Madison Ave., New York 22, N.Y. who made it a living thing. More $43,000,000,000.
Don't send valuable material without than 1 1 ,000,000 veterans benefited In every respect, the benefits the
first writing them. They're particularly from the G.I. Bill. G.I. Bill returned to our nation are
interested in enlisted men who
fought in Among its benefits were the "big so obvious they need not even be
the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 26th, 28th, or 42nd three." enumerated.
Divisions prior to July 18, 1918.
Legion Legislative Appearances

Recent appearances before the Com- committee of the House Appropriations fore the Subcommitte on Independent
mittees of the Congress by Legion offi- Committee on the 1965 defense budget. Offices, House Committee on Appropria-
cials: • On March 24, Nat'l Rehab Director tions in connection with funds for the
• On March Child Welfare
18, Nat'l John Corcoran appeared before the
J. proper operation of the U.S. Civil Serv-
Director Randel Shake appeared before Insurance Subcommittee of the House ice for 1 965.
the Subcommittee on Labor, Health, Committee on Veterans Affairs and once • On April 22, Nat'l Civil Defense
Education and Welfare of the House Ap- again urged the Subcommittee to act fa- Committee Chmn David Aronberg testi-
propriations Committee requesting ade- vorably on the Legion's long-standing re- fied before the House Appropriations
quate funds for the proper operation of quest for reopening for a limited period Subcommittee on the 1965 Civil Defense
the Public Health Service. of National Service Life Insurance to Budget.
• Also on March 18, Nat'l Economic WW2 and Korean War vets.
Director Clarence W.
Bird asked the • OnApril 17, National Americanism Boys' State Schedule
same committee that sufficient funds be Chmn Daniel J. O'Connor testified be- Here are additional sites and dates for
appropriated for the proper operation of fore the House Committee on Un-Amer- the 1964 Boys' State:
the Veterans Employment Service, the ican Activities in support of legislation Alabama at University of R.I., Kings-
Bureau Veterans
of Reemployment Freedom Commission and
to establish a ton, June 22-28 (tentative)
Rights, and related programs. a Freedom Academv under House bills Utah at Utah State University, Logan.
• On March 19, Nat'l Security Di- HR-5368 and HR-8320. June 27-July 4
rector James R. Wilson, Jr., testified be- • On April 21, Ass't Nat'l Economic Wyoming at Wyoming State Fair
fore the Defense Appropriations Sub- Director Austin E. Kerby appeared be- Grounds, Douglas, June 7-13
THE AM *ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 35
The 45 th National Executivi
The 45th National Executive Committee of The
American Legion had its annual spring meeting as
this issue went to press. Shown on these two pages
are the 1963-64 members. Of the 65 members 58 are
from state and foreign departments and were elected
by their department conventions. The seven elected
national officers are the National Commander, five
National Vice Commanders, and the National Chap-
lain with the Commander sewing as chairman. All
living Past National Commanders are members with-
out vote. The late Bill Stern, of North Dakota, died
at 77 on January 1, 1964 and had the longest contin-
uous service on the NEC.
Daniel F. Foley Rev. John J. Howard

National Commander National Chaplain
Hugh W. Overton Herald E. Stringer Soleng Tom Claude Carpenter Roscoe T. Morse
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California
m E. Meade Wilson
Florida
Sedley Peck
France
W. D. Harrell
Georgia
Wallace C. S.
Hawaii
Young Douglas D. Kramer
Idaho
John H. Geiger
Illinois
William J. Rogers David L. Brigham Gabriel T. Olga Norbert Schmelkes William J. Clarahan Eugene V. Lindquist
Maine Maryland Massachusetts Mexico Michigan Minnasota
William G. McKinley Dr. D. H. Reed Louis E. Drago W. D. Robbins Wm. Stern, N. Dak. Merle F. Brady
New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina (Died Jan. 1, 1964) Ohio
John A. Ryer E. Roy Stone, Jr. Glen R. Green William S. Todd J. Walter Janko William E. Christoffersen
Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah

Committee of The American Legion
Earl D. Franklin
National Vice Commander
4i Emilio S. Iglesias
Garland D. Murphy,
Jr. Emory Sipple
Harry Wright
Francis S. Kaszas Robert Grauberger Joseph G. Leonard Dr. Park W. Huntington Frederick H. Livingstone
Canada Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia
Dr. Fred N. Daugherty Ward M. Loftus Sexson E. Humphreys Robert J. Kubat Kenneth Fern Henry Clay
Indiana Iowa Italy Kansas Kentucky Louisiana
Ralph M. Godwin Roy L. Carver Neil Shepherd Edward T. Foster Thomas W. Miller Raymond F. Mudge
Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire
Gene Hassman Karl L. Wagner George A. Black, Jr. Walter E. Alessandroni Jose J. deGuzman Gilberto M. Font
Oklahoma Oregon Panama Canal Zone Pennsylvania Philippines Puerto Rico
Simon J. Godfrey L. Eldon James Russell I. Grob L. 0. Bickel Gilman H. Stordock C. B. Metz
Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

NEWS
BRIEFLY NOTED played in the development of the Ameri- leges, while the remainder were trained
The ultramodern Dallas Memorial Audi- can nation. in institutionsbelow college level, cor-
torium will be the site of the business As a result, a course in Americanism respondence schools, and on-the-job and
sessions of the 46th National Conven- was introduced in the Bozeman schools on-the-farm training. In comparison, the
tion of The American Legion, Sept. 18- — kindergarten through high school. GI Bill for World War 2 veterans educa-
24. The drum and bugle corps contests After two successful years, Legion Post tion found 7.8 million veterans taking
will be staged in the Cotton Bowl and the
14 got permission to promote the project advantage of the benefits. The VA lists
P. C. Cobb Stadium. The Cobb Stadium,
statewide. Now, all of the 128 Legion some 15 million WW2vets living. Since
site of the senior drum and bugle corps
posts in Montana promote the Ameri- the first of the readjustment training laws
competitions and the Parade of Cham- canism project in the schools. became effective in 1943, veterans of
pions, has a seating capacity of 22,000,
After two months and over 200 hours WW2 and the Korean War have received
while the Cotton Bowl seats up to 80,- of volunteer work by Legion and Auxil- educational and training benefits totaling
000. Both stadiums are centrally located iary members, some 500 mimeographed $1.6 billion through June 1963.
in downtown Dallas. copies of the Americanism course texts
» are available. The project has the com- New Mexico's first American Legion
With the appointment of William pleteendorsement of Montana's Gov. Economy
J. has opened in Albu-
Store
Chisholm, of Denver, Colo., as national Tim Babcock and State Sup't of Schools querque. It's aim: to help unemployed
chairman, Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. Foley Harriet Miller.
vets and raise funds to expand the Le-
has announced plans to dramatize again gion's Welfare Program. The store will
the Legion's
dedication to positive Maj. Gen. E. B. LeBailly, director of be the retail outlet for rummage that has
Americanism by the ringing of Bells for information for the U.S. Air Force, has been repaired by unemployed vets at the
Peace across the nation on July 4. called upon all Air Force commands to store's warehouse. The storekeeper is
Everywhere in the United States, support The American Legion's Boys Ken Ferguson.
church bells, school bells, chimes, caril- State Program, by having outstanding
lons, and other bells of all sizes and officers and airmen volunteer to serve as
Earning housing accommo-
priorities in
kinds will ring out a reminder to all citi- counselors. General LeBailly plans to
dations for the Nat'l American Legion
zens of their heritage of freedom and have two Air Force cadets attend the
Convention in Dallas (Sept. 18-24) are
peace. Legion's Boys Nation program in July
the following departments (each is the
at College Park, Md.
leader in its own number-of-rooms-re-
The American Legion has presented quired category) Foreign: Canada; De-
:
testimony before the House Committee The Legion's Americanism Commission

partments requiring 200 or more rooms:
on Un-American Activities in support of has won the Freedoms Foundation Dis-
Illinois; 150-199 rooms: Ohio; 100-149
H.R. 5368 and H.R. 8320 which would tinguished Service Award for "outstand-
rooms: Minnesota; 75-99 rooms: Kan-
establish a Freedom Commission and a ing achievement in bringing about a bet-
sas; 50-74 rooms: Florida; less than 50
National Freedom Academy. Said Dan- ter understanding of the American way
rooms: South Carolina.
iel O'Connor, chairman of the Le-
J. of life." The Department of Alabama
gion's Nat'l Americanism Commission, was awarded the George Washington
Honor Medal for "outstanding com- All 162 students in grades 9 through 12
in part, in testifying: "We believe that,
munity service in the Cotton State dur- at Reeltown H.S., Tallapoosa County,
for the most part, our soldiers of free-
ing 1962-63." Eight department win- Ala., recently prepared and delivered
dom, active and potential, are not suffi-
ners and the national champion of The orations on some phase of the United
ciently knowledgeable in the area of po-
American Legion's 1963 Nat'l High States Constitution. The effort was stim-
litical warfare and all it entails. We have
School Oratorical Contest have been ulated by a teacher, Mrs. Clarene W.
too many voices in the wilderness, with-
out concert of direction, that need orien- granted awards by the Foundation at Phillips, who used The American Le-
Valley Forge, Pa. gion's Nat'l H.S. Oratorical Contest pro-
tation such as contemplated in the pre-
gram as a guide. Said Mrs. Phillips: "The
ambles to the two bills."
Nearly two of every five living Korean students gained a deep and realistic un-
War veterans have thus far taken ad- derstanding of the Constitution and also
"Great Songs of America" an LP record
vantage of the Korean GI Bill (estab- learned to outline, compile, memorize,
of patriotic and popular songs performed
by topflight American artists, is availa- lished through the active support of The and appreciate materials they had always
considered dull."
ble from The Goodyear Tire & Rubber American Legion), according to the lat-
Co.'s service storesand dealers. Price: est Veterans Administration statistics.
$1, in both monaural and stereo. Playing These vets have completed or are pres- As part of the Legion's 45th Birthday
time is approximately one hour for 18 ently enrolled in some form of educa- celebration in Maryland, the Depart-
songs. The offer extends only through the tional or readjustment training. Of the ment's Rehabilitation Div. gave to the
Fourth of July. 5.6 million living Korean vets, 2,385,100 Baltimore Veterans Administration Hos-
have entered the GI Bill schooling pro- pital a complete amateur radio station.
When a Bozeman, Mont., public school grams. The modern, single side-band transmit-
teacher asked his pupils to write an essay Most of the former GI's— 582,000— ter/receiver will tie in with the VA emer-
on "What It Means To Be An Ameri- chose education and training in crafts, gency radio network to provide continu-
can," the youngsters failed almost with- trade, and industry. Other categories: ing communication in the event of a
out exception. Most of them saw Amer- business administration and managerial, storm or disaster.
ica as a land of high living standards, 275,000; engineering, 187,000; teaching, The Child Welfare Div. did its cele-
modern conveniences, beautiful moun- 141,000; medicine, dentistry, and veteri- brating by voting to donate $1,250 to
automo-
tains, rivers, schools, colleges, narian, 61,000; and physical and biologi- the Baltimore Crippled Children's
biles,and great national wealth. But not cal sciences, 45,000. League for equipment in the League's
a single pupil seemed to know what part Of the 2.3 million trained under the new building which is now being con-
basic fundamentals of Americanism had Korean GI Bill, 1,207,000 went to col- structed.

NEWS
POSTS IN ACTION 53, Hcmet,
Calif., largely through the time of his death he was serving his
efforts ofLloyd Bancroft, Sr., has, since fourth term as Illinois Secretary of State
Two Boy Scouts, members of Legion-
Scout have been 1953, sold over 100 flags at cost to 90 and was seeking the GOP gubernatorial
sponsored troops,
per cent of the town's merchants, in co- nomination.
awarded Certificates of Merit by the
operation with the city government,
Nat'l Court of Honor of the Boy Scouts
which drilled and installed the recepta- Maj. Gen. Melvin J. Maas, Marine
of America. Terry Auten, 16, Life Scout,
cles. Most recent sale was 21 flags to a Corps (Ret.), former Minnesota Con-
sponsored by Post 155, Britton, Mich.,
new shopping center. Total sales from gressman and chairman of the Presi-
used mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to
August 1952 to date amount to about dent's Committee on Employment of the
save the life of a woman who had ap-
$3,000. Handicapped. He was the author of
parently stopped breathing.
Alan Martin, 16, Explorer Scout,
Cook County, 111., Legionnaires have "How Not To Help The Blind," in The
St.
presented to the Nat'l Society for Crip- American Legion Magazine, Sept. 1963.
sponsored by Post 168, Southampton,
pled Children and Adults a flag and flag-
Mass., saved the life of a boy who had
pole, erected on the grounds of the So- Dr. Joseph E. Redden, of Massachusetts,
been enveloped in flames after dropping
ciety Chicago. Post 51, Buchanan,
in former department vice cmdr, and
a match into an abandoned gas tank. The
Mich., presented 16 flags and copies of brother of Harold P. Redden, chairman
scout threw the victim to the ground and
"Flag Etiquette" to Girl Scout troops in of the Legion's Finance Commission.
put out the flames with wet leaves. Then,
the area.
with the aid of a friend, he took the in-
Rev. Joseph O'Callahan, Medal of Hon-
jured boy to his home, and then to the
hospital.
PEOPLE IN THE NEWS or winner, of Worcester, Mass., who was
Charles B. Metz, Wyoming's Nat'l Ex- the chaplain aboard the carrier USS
ecutive Committeeman, elected president Franklin when it was attacked by Jap-

Post 74, Framingham, Mass., has raised
of the Sheridan Chamber of Commerce anese Kamikaze pilots.
$2,500 for 12-year-old Anthony Cardiff,
for 1964-65.
who lost his left leg four inches below James P. Murray, of Carbondale, Pa.,
the knee in a coal company's fire and
W. C. Daniel of Danville, Va., Past Past Dep't Cmdr (1945-46).
explosion. Another drive is under way ,
Nat'l Cmdr of The American Legion

for funds for families of three firemen
( 1 956-57),named a director on the Board Olin F. Jacquot, of Casper, Wyo., for-
killed in the accident.
of the Nat'l Bank of Virginia. mer alternate member of the Nat'l Ex-
ecutive Committee (1952-54).
Post 98, Brewer, Maine, has voted to
''
Alfred P. Chamie, of California, mem-

award a $200 scholarship to a 1964 grad- Rev. William E. Patrick, of Santa Bar-
ber of the Legion's Finance Commission,
uate of Brewer H.S. Basis for selection bara, Calif., Past Nat'l Chaplain of The
elected vice president and secretary of
will be scholastic excellence, extra-cur- American Legion (1925-26).
the Association of Motion Pictures and
ricular activities, and financial need.
Television Producers.
Joseph J. Kerrigan, of New York, who
Post 134, Stanley, N.Dak., took stock Preston Moore, of Oklahoma, Legion
J. attended the Legion's Paris Caucus in
of its good deeds recently and found it Past Nat'l Cmdr (1958-59), was elected 1919.
had (with the Auxiliary) given about vice chairman of the Conference of Nat'l
$75,000 to the community since 1947. Organizations, which is composed of or- Very Rev. Frederick Warren Beekman,
The Community Hospital, with over ganizations with a total membership of DD (in Geneva, Switzerland), first chap-
$60,000, was the biggest beneficiary, and more than 50 million individuals. plain of American Legion Post 1 in
baseball, a retirement home, Boys and Paris.
Girls State,and child welfare were other James D. Maryland, a member
Hill, of
projects high on the benefits list. of the Child Welfare Commission, has NEW POSTS
become associated with the firm of Ar- The American Legion has recently char-
Post 3, Findlay, Ohio, has donated 55 mour, Herrick, Kneipple and Allen in tered the following new posts: Jim
classroom flags to Findlay H.S., the 14th Washington, D.C. Gresham Post 784, Los Angeles, Calif.,
school the post has so served in three John F. Kennedy Post 123, Lomas
years. In recent weeks, the post has also George R. Dowdell, of Pennsylvania, a Verdes, Puerto Rico; Thomas-Davis-
presented an 8-by- 12-foot flag to the former Air Force public information Hobdy Post 313, Ozark, Ala.; Salem Post
Hancock County Home and a 4-by-6 officer, and recently on the editorial staff 163, Salem, S.C.; The Reservist Post
flag to a local church. Post 144, Colum- of the Courier-Post of Camden, N.J., 124, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Palm Desert
bus, Ohio, gave an outdoor flag at the appointed to the Nat'l Public Relations Post 698, Palm Desert, Calif.; Washing-
recent dedication of the Lincoln Park Div. of The American Legion in Indi- ton Terrace Post 142, Washington Ter-
district police station. Post 216, Corona, anapolis, Ind. race, Utah; Tamaroa Post 1277, Tama-
Calif., organized a flag raising ceremony roa, and Lt. Robert S. Olmsted Post
111.;
recently at St. Edward's Catholic School, 7, Olmsted AFB, Pa.

attended by representatives of Post 328 Hoyt C. Brown, of Macon, Ga., a mem- Also, Mayberry Post 186. Marvel,
and those of over 50 other local organi- ber of the Nat'l Executive Committee Ala.; Rocky Boy Post 132, Rocky Boy
zations. in 1941-43. Indian Reservation, Mont.; Paul Dewitt
Also, Essex (N.J.) Women's Post 406 Post 113, Pendleton, S.C.; Rosemary
presented a flag for every classroom in Burgin Pennell, of Asheville, N.C., Past Post 248, Andrews, S.C.; J.F.K. Me-
the Myrtle Ave. Jr. H.S. in Irvington, Dep't Cmdr (1938-39). morial Post 900, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Wilmer
N.J. Post 380, Dravosburg, Pa., sold Teague Post 341, Sylacauga, Ala.; Dod-
450 flags in a February project, achiev- Charles F. Carpentier, of Illinois, a mem- son Post 535, Dodson, Texas; Tri-City
ing over 30 per cent of its goal in the ber of the Legion's Distinguished Guests Post 510, Duncanville, Texas; and Blue
town: "A flag in every door in '64." Post Committee from 1953 to 1963. At the River Post 175, Breckenridge, Colo.
NEWS
American Legion Life Insurance 359th Eng, Co B— (Aug.) Raymond E. Taylor, Frank Finley and Sewell White and Herbert
Month ending April 20, 1964 710 Marietta St.. Leesburg, Fla. 32748. D. Wood (all 1963), Post 43. Belfast. Maine.
476th AAA AW Bn— (Aug.) Perry, 12-J. C. JohnR. King and John G. Kopp and William
21st St. Ct, N.W., Birmingham 15, Ala. Laposhinsky and Thomas H. Leary (all 1961),
Benefits paid Jan. 1-Apr. 20 $ 164,875
Benefits paid since Apr. 1958 1,600,636
P.O. Box 201. Miami 44, Fla.
—
505th Parachute Inf Reg't (July) Don Lassen, Post 27, Cambridge. Mass.
Dr. Thomas F. Corriden and William E. Dunn
Insurance in force (dollars) 229,100.000
Basic units in force (number) 101,102 506th Eng Light Pontoon Co— (June) Lee Gor- and Charles R. Edwards and Paul F. Field (all
New applications since Jan. 1 don, 1768 Mill St., Lincoln Park, Mich. 1963) Post 28, Northampton, Mass.
,
8,442
New applications rejected 538 524th MP Bn—(Aug.) Frank Passic, 900 S. Patrick J. McMahon (1944) and Arthur S.
Eaton, Albion, Mich. Hall, Sr. (1951) and Clifton A. McCrillis (1954),
American Legion Life Insurance is an official
program of The American Legion, adopted by 533rd AAA Bn— (June) Leston Tanner, 315 W. Post 64, Middleboro, Mass.
the Nat'l Executive Committee, 1958. It is 11th St., Crane. Texas. Francis W. Grenache and Arthur J. Morel
reducing term insurance, issued on application, 542nd Hvy Ord, Field Army Maint Co— (Aug.) (both 1963), Post 100, Hudson. Mass.
subject to approval based on health and em- Maurice E. Kent, 710 E. Richardson St., Jerome F. Crowley (1963), Post 144, Scituate,
ployment statement to paid up members of Farmer City, 111. Mass.
The American Legion. Death benefits range 556th AAA, AW Bn— (July) Tony Fiorilli, 103 Harold F. Adshead and Joseph G. Andrade
and Walter W. Atkinson and Walter Baty
from $8,000 (double unit up to age 35) in re- 19th St., Wheeling, W. Va. (all
ducing steps with age to termination of in- 566th QMRailhead Co— (Aug.) Charles H. 1964) Post 166, Fairhaven, Mass.
Emile
,
surance at end of year in which 70th birthday Kuemerle. Rt. 2, Dundee. Ohio. 44624. J. Aussant (1960) and Alfred J. Heroux
occurs. Available in single and double units at 703rd Rwy, Hq, Grand Div— (Aug.) Marv (1962), Post 343, Northbridge, Mass.
flat rate of $12 or $24 a year on a calendar Vollrath, 217 E. Cedar St.. Glenwood, Minn. Erwin W. Shamp (1963), Post 310, Minneapolis,
year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 743rd Rwy Oper Bn, Co C—
(June) Kermit G. Minn.
or $2 a month for insurance approved after Calhoun, 206 Claiborne St.. Pineville. La. Irving Schwed and Edward W. Smith and
Jan. 1. Underwritten by two commercial life 830th Eng (Aviation) Bn (Aug.) James G. — Abram W. Ten Eyck (all 1963), Post 12, Somer-
insurance companies. American Legion insur- ville, N.J.
Scott. 341 Northridge Rd., Circleville, Ohio.
ance trust fund managed by trustee operating 904th Field Art'y Bn— (July) William Bohlman. Jacob A. Haulenbeek and August Lauer and
under laws of Missouri. No other insurance may 166-39 20th Rd., Whitestone 57, N. Y. Arthur Wallis (all 1963), Post 65. Metuchen, N.J.
use the full words "American Legion." Ad- 947th Field Art'y Bn— (See 181st Field Arty Milton E. Besthoff and Arthur Brokenbrow
ministered by The American Legion Insurance Bn). (both 1963), Post 48, Brooklyn. N.Y.
Department, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago. 111. 60680, 970th Eng Maint Co— (July) E. E. Smith, Box Frank W. Karsten and Walter L. Rumbold
to which write for more details. 23176 Point Sta.. Columbus, Ohio 43223. (both 1963). Post 264, Tonawanda. N.Y.
1338th Eng Gp (See 337th Eng Reg't).
Frank Sabatine and Vincent Sorenson (both
1963), Post 435, Waterloo. N.Y.
1620th MP—
(July) Sam Genenbacher, Rock
Earl Boyd (1963), Post 800, Groton, N.Y.
View Motel, Quincy, 111. 62301.
3820th QM
Gas Co— (Aug.) Daniel A. Sharp, Frank Legnard and Michael Tornsello (both
OUTFIT REUNIONS Shelbina, Mo. 1961) and Frank Hart (1963), Post 927, Green
Island. N.Y.
Reunion month indicated. For
will be held in
Warren Kelly (1964), Post 1197, New York,
particulars, write person whose address is
given.
NAVY N.Y.
James Barone and James Libonati (both
Notices accepted on official form only. For 4th Marine Div —
(June) Joseph J. McCarthy,
1963), Post 1212. New York, N.Y.
3130 Lake Shore Dr., Chicago 14, 111.
form send stamped, addressed return envelope — Henry C. Groven (1964). Post 41. Grafton.
25th Seabees (Att. to 3rd Marine Div) (Aug.)
to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, N. Dak.
Don Blake, Box 784, Winona, Minn. 55987. Lloyd B. Secrest and Harold Seeman and
720 Fifth Ave., New York. N.Y. 10019. Notices 118th Seabees— (July) John L. Johnson, 718 N.
should be received at least four months before George Stoner (all 1963), Post 243, Galion, Ohio.
16th Ave.. Melrose Park, 111.
scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary Patsy Melillo and James Mullen (both 1963),
F Assoc (Navy, CG, Marine Corps Firefighters)
to get form. — (July) F. H. Thornton, 4941 Lapeer Rd.,
Post 247, Lowellville, Ohio.
James A. Albin and J. B. Bell, Jr. (both 1963),
Earliest submission favored when volume of Port Huron, Mich.
Post 273, Laverne, Okla.
requests is too great to print all.
USS The Sullivans (DD537, WW2)— (Aug.) Robert G. Burlingame and Frank B. Ritchey
Robert R. Sander, 325 Thatcher Ave., River
(both 1963), Post 24, Milton-Freewater, Oreg.
Forest, 111.
Stuart C. Button (1963), Post86, Susquehanna,
ARMY Women
Gahan
Marines — (Aug.) Mo.
Ann Obertots, 1190
Pa.
1st
13122— 8th St., Grandview, Mo.
—
Inf Reg't, Co H (Aug.) Wm. Corteville, Dr., Florissant,
Raphael Seidel (1963) and Daniel D. Carey
(1964), Post 228, Altoona, Pa.
4th Base Post Office —
(Aug.) Bernard N. Bailey,
Back Creek Rd.. Hamburg, N.Y. 14075.
AIR Stewart Lord, Jr. 1963), Post 433. Morrisville,
Pa.
(
Pursuit Gp, 27th Aero Sqdn (WW1)— (July)

4th Cav (Aug.)
Minn.
— Mike Loberg, Annandale, 1st
Ray F. Durant. 1237 Versailles Ave., Alameda,
James Clarence Sadler and John A. Suttner,
Jr. (both 1964), Post 725, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Calif. 94501.
4th Inf Div— (Aug.) Rubin Snitkin, 1522 Fal- Gilbert T. Rodman and Elmer R. Sherman and
lowfield Ave.. Pittsburgh 16, Pa. 22nd Bomb Gp— (July) Walter Gaylor, 650-2 Harold H. Slothower and Lillian Smith (all
7th Arm'd Div— (Aug.) Irving Osias. 147-28
Newark Ave., Elizabeth, N. J. 1963), Post 12, North Kingstown, R.I.
72nd Rd.. Flushing, N.Y. 11367. 39th Field Hosp —
(Aug.) George C. Ogborn,
18015 Arcadia Ave., Lansing, 111.
Walter A. La Fountain (1963). Post 34, Shan-
11th Airborne Div, 472nd Field Arty Bn— nock, R.I.
(July) Taylor Young, 1127 Karl St., Du- 90th Bomb Gp, 319th Sqdn, Ord Se«— (June) Harry O. Brady (1963), Post 129, Waubay,
quesne, Pa. James R. Hall. 175 N. Park Dr., Canton, 111. S. Dak.
13th Arm'd Div, 93rd Cav Recon Sqdn (Mech), 92nd Bomb Gp, 407th Bomb Sqdn (England, Arthur Sitas (1964), Post 572, San Angelo.
Troop C—
(June) Phillip Ayers, 202 Austin WW2)— (Aug.) Milton M. Stewart, P.O. Box Tex.
Ave., Effingham, 111. 2233. Manatee Bradenton, Fla.
Sta.. John S. (1963), Post 11, Vernal, Utah.
Milburn
97th Bomb Gp, 414th Bomb Sqdn— (Aug.) Joe Gilbert E. Fetterly (1964). Post79,Snoqualmie,
15th Evac Hosp (WW2) —
(Aug.) Russell W.
Clark, Hayes & Conestoga Aves., Lancaster, H. Simpson, Jr., Whitmire. S. C. Wash.
Pa. 464th Gp, 778th Bomb Sqdn— (Aug.) H Robert George D. Grant (1963), Post 84, Monroe,
50th Eng, Co A.— (Aug.) Jack G. Ellingford,
Anderson. 4321 Miller Ave.. Erie, Pa. Wis.
1429 first West, Kemmerer, Wyo. 83101. Memberships are accepted for publica-
Life
63rd Inf Reg't, Co E—
(July) Grover C. Karr,
tion only on an official form, which we provide.
P.O. Box 181. Clinton, Tenn.
Reports received only from Commander, Ad-
814 Pearson Dr., Joliet, 111.
—
64th Chem Depot Co (Aug.) Donald E Downs, LIFE MEMBERSHIPS jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded
66th Sig Bn, Co C—
(Aug.) John Stadelman, The award of a life membership to a Legion- the lite membership.
2609 N. St. Anthony Dr., Jackson, Mich. naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who They may get form by sending stamped, self-
68th Reg't Coast Art'y Corps— (Aug.) G. Fred know him best that he has served The Ameri- addressed return envelope to:
Smith. 223 Kentucky, Danville, 111. can Legion well. "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720
70th Inf Div— (Aug.) Clinton Kruse, P.O. Box Below are some of the previously un-
listed 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019.
914,Dodge City, Kans. published life membership Post awards that On a corner of the return envelope write the
94th Sig Bn, Co C— (July) Edward E. Mc-
Donald. 19 Scenic View Dr., Ft. Thomas, Ky.
have been reported to the editors. They are number of names you wish to report. No written
41075.
arranged by States or Departments. letter necessary to get forms.
102nd Inf Reg't (WW1)— Junel A. Allen John-
(
son, 636 Ellsworth Ave., New Haven, Conn.

Arnold O. Aamodt and James L. Jackson
103rd Gen Hosp.— (Aug.) Dorothy O. Klick, (both 1963). Post 459. Huntington Park. Calif.
Buell I. Chapman (1964), Post 14, Rockville,
R.N., Box 426, Long Prairie, Minn. 56347.
181st, 947th Field Art'y Bns— (Aug.) Louis E.
Conn. COMRADE IN DISTRESS
Albright, 713 Liberty St., Ripon, Wis. 54971.
James Kee (1964), Post 66, Washington, C. D
Randolph H. Thompson (1963), Post 116, Syl- Readers who can help comrade are
257th Field Art'y Bn, Service Bat (Aug.)
Rosell L. Leister, 158 Lawn Ave.. Sellersville,
— vania, Ga. urged to do so.
this
John A. Herbeck and William Kilenski and Notices are run at the request of The Ameri-
Pa. 18960. Hans P. Pederson (all 1963), Post 348, Chicago.
266th Field Art'y Bn— (July) Gus Seftas, 32 can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission.
Petrak St., Charleroi, Pa. 15022.
111.
They are not accepted from other sources.
Harry H. Wood (1963). Post 607, Mackinaw, Readers wanting Legion help with claims
311th Field Art'y, Bat D (WW1)- (Aug.) Phil 111.
Cusick, Box 42, Drums, Pa. should contact their local service officers.
Welda H. Laurent (1959) and Charles P. Mos- Service officers unable to locate needed
314th Inf Reg't (WW2)
745 E. 223rd St., Bronx 66, N.Y.
—
(July) Philip Polizotto, kop (1960) and Harry Doiron (1962). Post 622. witnesses for claims development should refer
Prairie du Rocher, 111. the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis-
329th Inf, Co G—
(Aug.) Leon G. Burson. Milton William O'Neill and Willard Thomas, Sr. sion through normal channels, for further
Center, Ohio 43541. (both 1958) and Robert Kimmel (1962), Post 64,
337th Eng Reg't & 1338th Eng search before referral to this column.
Gp—
(Aug.) Wal- Indianapolis. Ind.
ter L. Medding, 6010 Dinwiddie St., Spring- Ross Chrisman and Stephen A. Kollar (both USS Des Moines, USS Newport News (Jan.
field. Va. 22150.
338th Eng, Gen Service Reg't— (Aug.) Kermit
1963). Post 284. South Bend, Ind. 1956) —
Need to contact personnel from these
Harold L. Marshall and Walter E. Merrill and ships to help veteran establish service con-
V. Rouhier. 9322 Mayhew Rd., Fort Wayne, Hal A. Pratt and Jesse R. Saville (all 1961), nection claim. Write: Richard J. Despain,
Ind. 46805. Post 219, Blue Rapids. Kans. RR #3. Kewanee, III. 61443.
A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS
(Continued from page 25) A LOT MORE OIL
when you stop by. Good German food membership is available to transients in
is found at Rheinischerhof. with im- numerous private cocktail lounges. Near- CHEEP
ported German brew on tap.Probably ly all the better hotels and motels have CHEEP
the best seafood spot is Zuider Zee, —
them such as the Cabana's Nero's
whieh serves giant crabs and brings fresh Nook, which have reported that I
I
Maine lobsters and half-shell oysters in joined by showing my Cabana room key.
by air every day. Many of the better restaurants also
As for barnyard eating, Lucas' B&B have club" cocktail lounges
"private
Restaurant offers a down-on-the-farm with membership available to transients,
cuisine of fresh eggs, rich milk, good such as Town and Country Restaurant's
meat and sweet vegetables and a coffee Marquis Club. And there are such clubs
shop that never closes; while three operating independently, such as the Club
Youngbloods Restaurants all specialize Montmartre between the Baker and Stat-
in chicken dinners raised from the egg ler Hilton hotels; the Haunted House,
to your plate by Youngbloods. Mean- rigged up like a Chas Addams night-
while, restaurants in the better hotels are mare as a spoof; the Skyknight Club, the
of one piece or more so with what we've Music Box, etc.
been talking about along the avenues. Private clubs at hotels include the
Kings Club at the Adolphus; the Court
pattern of evening social
The
Dallas
in
molded by the Texas liquor
life Club at the Statler Hilton; the London
is Club at the Sheraton-Dallas. Those at
laws. There are no bars open to the gen- motels also include the Black Garter at
eral public in Texas, but restaurants, the Executive Inn. the Jet Stream at the
lounges, clubs may serve wines, cham- Ramada Inn, and the Sirloin and Saddle
pagne and beer at tables to the general at the Marriott. Virtually all of these I
» CLEANS m LUBRICATES
public (not mixed drinks). rate from "good" "high class" to
to • PRESERVES
In addition, Dallas abounds in "sup- "sumptuous."
per clubs," and restaurants which are A transient usually can join the club GETS THE SQUEAK
open to the public, and which may serve at his own hotel or motel free, on a daily
the "mixings" if the customers bring their WITH HIS BEAK
reissue by applying as a guest.
basis,
own liquor. So it's a common sight to Transient membership
in others runs
see Texans heading out for a social eve- from nothing to $3 for four days or so, tilt the spout... it can't leak out
ning in style with paper bags under their with $1 the most common membership
arms holding bottles legally purchased fee. A member can bring his own guests.
at any of the numerous "package stores."
Early Legion convention plans antici-
Arriving at a public supper club, such pate making transient memberships in
as the Empire Room of the Statler Hil- many of them available at or near the
EARN beoTAX CONSULTANT
Our students earn lucrative fees in 3
ton, the customer puts his bottle on the convention registration booths. I would MORE month busy tax season preparing income
table, orders the set-ups and mixes his stress that the places I'm talking about profitable
tax returns
Business Tax
— and
spare time
in operate
Service yielding steady
monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year round.
own cocktails at the table, while enjoying are not deep, dark dens of iniquity, Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part
time home-office business. No experience necessary.
the live entertainment, dancing, genteel which the stories in the press of Jack We train you at home and help you start. Write
atmosphere, and dinner today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed
in style. Ruby's place may have summoned up. by N. Y. Education Dept.
National Tax Training School, Monsey N- 17, N. Y.
Places like the Empire Room come They are quality establishments for pleas-
under the heading of public supper clubs, ant socializing of convivial people. I
and there are quite a few of them at- went no joints or burlesque houses,
to
tached to hotels and motels which book
—
good entertainment such as the Cen-
nor did any thrust their presence on me. DON'T MISS AN
All night spots have to close at mid-
tury Room at the Adolphus Hotel and night, except a.m. Sunday morning.
the Mayfair Room
Executive Inn
at the
1
Package stores in Dallas are open 9 a.m. OPPORTUNITY!

motor hotel. Others, such as Chez La to 10 p.m. except Sundays, when they
Combe on Lemmon Ave., are independ- are closed. Beer is not sold on Sunday
ent of hotels. before p.m. 1
Texas law does permit the serving of

mixed drinks in private clubs, and Dallas Before going into many things that
abounds in private clubs, which, except Dallas offers in the way of sightsee-
for the membership requirement, are ing, a little city history will make it clear-
identical with the better public cocktail er why a business city on the northeast
lounges and night clubs, with or without Texas cotton plain offers hospitality on a
food, in most large cities. Some of these par with the top resort spots in the land.
clubs are private private open
clubs, Dallas is a self-made city, one of the Save regularly with
only to a restricted membership on an best managed in the country. There was
annual basis or to guests of regular mem- originally very little reason for its exist- U.S. SAVINGS BONDS
bers. Such a one, where I was an awed ence as anything but a moderate-sized
guest, is the magnificent Chaparral Club local trading center, and it could well
Now paying
3 3/4 %
on the 36th floor of the Southland Cen- have developed into a strictly local "cow-
ter. It was another of the sumptuous, ex- town" where strangers would feel ill at
to maturity
travagant, richly-appointed places. But ease. But decades ago ambitious and en-
A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS for it, and on them established museums, suffering national convention director,
(Continued from page 41) an aquarium, a marvelous Texas Hall of who moves his family to a different city
State, the Cotton Bowl, zoological gar- every year to set up the national con-
terprising town fathers set out to make it
dens, a music hall, and other cultural vention, told me he was getting top co-
a white-collar trading and financial cen-
and exhibit centers for all-year-around operation from the leading citizens of
They correctly understood that they
ter.
use. When the "freeway concept" came Dallas in setting up this convention. I sat
would have to attract outsiders. Unlike in, Dallas was again in the fore, with free- in on a meeting of the Convention Cor-
many citieswhich seek to impress out-
mere claims, they also cor-
ways and expressways pouring into the poration —whose president is Alvin
siders with
midtown area somewhat like the spokes Owsley, a Dallasite who was National
rectly understood that they would really
of a wheel, and a peripheral belt high- Commander in 1922-23; whose chair-
attract outsiders by really pleasing them. man is Ben H. Wooten. board chairman
way system (not an expressway) circling
the town. On the Dallas-Fort Worth of the Dallas Federal Savings and Loan
Dallas was after business, not tour- Freeway, about midway between the two Ass'n; and whose other members make
and its leaders divined that its
ists,
cities (which are a little over 30 miles up a goodly chunk of Dallas' leading citi-
attractions would have to be so real as to
apart) is thenew Six Flags Over Texas, zens and businessmen.
be permanently pleasing. When other amusement park which de-
a so-called The meeting was with the military, to
Texas towns in the vicinity were rejecting
railroads because trains in those days
serves a better name — as it is really a sort plan participation of the Armed Forces
of Disneyland of the history of the in the Legion's big parade on Monday.
were noisy and smoky. Dallas persuaded
Southwest, based on the six different cul- Sept. 21. It was cooperation with a cap-
the railroads to go out of their way a bit
tures that have ruled over Texas: Spain, ital The parade will go right down the
C.
to run through its premises. In nothing
France, Mexico, Republic of Texas, busiest part of Main Street, than which
flat it became a transportation hub and a
Confederate States and United States. there is no mainer. None of this shunt-
natural trade mart ("natural" only after
It's a "class" place to take the family, ing it around side streets. The military
the rails went through, unnatural before
and not the honkey-tonk that "amuse- will shoot the works to make its part of
then). The same foresight that the city
ment park" suggests. You pay one ad- the parade a whopper.
used to become a transport center it ap-
mission price at the gate and nothing
plied to almost every other aspect of lur-
idea that the whole city of Dallas
ing investments and people from else-
more, except for what you eat or drink, The
should become a national villain after
to explore its acres of reconstructed
where. Incidental among these was a
drive to attract business conventions
Southwest history and culture, with rides the events of last Nov. 22 — and espe-
on land and water to move you along, cially that the Legion should punish it
which meant not only making it profita-
ble for businesses to move to Dallas, but and local college students from Southern by pulling its convention out —
is a bit
Methodist University and other seats of of self-righteousness that has already

also making its personal accommoda-
higher learning to greet and guide you. been answered effectively by two well
tions for business executives so pleasing
The photos of the Memorial Audito- qualified people, as well as by my friend,
that they would come and look at the city
rium with this article should give readers the adventurous journalist Charley
in the first and go away liking it.
place,
an idea of the accommodations for the Wiley. Charley said if that's what we
The results from the start were fan-
Legion convention business meetings. should do. then we'd better blow Wash-
tastic. Every 20 years since 1880 Dallas
Jim Carter, assistant Auditorium Di- ington, D. C, off the map for the assassi-
has at least doubled in size, more than
rector, took me all through the hall, and nations of Lincoln and Garfield and the
once tripling or quadrupling in two dec-
ades. It is already a city of modern sky- the side meeting rooms, and the big ex- attempts on the lives of Truman and
scrapers with good clean air between hibit hall downstairs, and the theater Andy Jackson there, and throw Buffalo,
them, and new modern towers are pres- where the Legion's memorial services N. Y., under Niagara Falls for the shoot-
ently springing up all over town, to a will be held, and even up to the overhead ing of McKinley there. Charley disap-
maximum of 50 stories. It is a smokeless catwalks where all the ropes and wires proved any of these procedures.
city —
burning natural gas chiefly. It has and stuff are. It was like the hotels and Legion National Commander Daniel
Foley (of Minnesota) said he
virtually no heavy industry and is es- motels and clubs in its sparkling mod- F.
sentially an insurance, banking, finan- ernity and don't-spare-the-horses equip- wouldn't consider leveling guilt-by-asso-
cial, sales, shopping and educational page. Air-conditioned, bright, with up- ciation charges at the whole city, and the
center. Texas is a '"southwestern" state, holstered seats, the auditorium can pack convention would stay in Dallas. Then
and Dallas is more in the South than the in more than 10,000 people and can — Robert Gladwin, Commander of the late
Southwest. But it is a cosmopolitan city, hold the 3,000 Legion delegates on the President Kennedy's American Legion
filled chiefly with the hustle and bustle main floor without putting a soul in the Post 281 in Boston, said that it wasn't
of people from South, West, East and plush arena and balcony seats though — Kennedy and isn't like the
like President
North who are enterprising, ambitious I don't say that that's how it'll be done. Legion to kick people when they are
—
and sophisticated not to mention hos- I sat in some of the arena and balcony down. "Now is the time," Gladwin told
the Boston press last Dec. 11, "for all
pitable. With Dallas' background, no- seats and they were mighty comfortable.
body is made to feel like a stranger. It Jim turned the normal lights on for me, Legionnaires to come to the aid of their
has been in the vanguard of everything and I shot elegant black-and-white trial comrades in Dallas and do every-
. . .
that is modern. When air-conditioning photos on the convention floor, without thing we can to make the 1964 conven-
was a novelty over much of the country, flash, setting my camera at f4 at 1 /50th, tion a fitting tribute to President Ken-
Dallas' public accommodations and using Tri-X film rated at ASA 1200 for nedy." Gladwin, who is general counsel
offices were already nearly totally air- normal development in Acufine. Legion for the Massachusetts General Hospital,
conditioned. Dallas is "culture-con- camera bugs take note. added: "We can best do that by giving
scious"; when it decided to have a civic The parkinglot can hold about eleven fullsupport to our new commander-in-
theater it got Frank Lloyd Wright to de- hundred and the Memorial Audi-
cars, chief,Lyndon B. Johnson, and our con-
sign it — the only theater he ever de- torium, as I recall, is exactly two blocks tinued support to his home state."
signed. When
Texas decided it would (maybe IVi ) from the Adolphus Hotel, But you don't need to go to Dallas just
have a permanent state fair grounds, which is just about midtown on Com- to be fair to a badly wounded city. As
Dallas bulled its way to the fore, outbid —
merce Street one of the three parallel George Cornelius, Jr., said, you can have
all others for the state fair, built grounds main drags. Bill Miller, the Legion's long a ball in Dallas. the end
GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR'S FAREWELL
(Continued from page 21)
epoch in thelong story of mankind. In grown too low, by taxes grown too high,
the five or more
billions of years the by extremists grown too violent; whether
scientists tell us it has taken to form the our personal liberties are as thorough
earth, in the three or more billion years and complete as they should be. Afflicted With Getting Up Nights,
of development of the human race, there These great national problems are not Pains in Back, Hips, Legs,
has never been a more abrupt or stagger- for your professional participation or Nervousness, Tiredness.
ing evolution. military solution. Your guidepost stands If you are a victim of the above symp-
We
deal now, not with things of this out like a tenfold beacon in the night: toms, Che trouble may be due to Glandu-
world alone, but with the illimitable dis- Duty, honor, country. lar Inflammation. Glandular Inflamma-
tion very commonly occurs in men of
tances and as yet unfathomed mysteries You are the leaven which binds to- middle age or past and is often accom-
of the universe. We
are reaching out for gether the entire fabric of our national panied by despondency, emotional upset
a new and boundless frontier. speak We system of defense. From your ranks and other mental and nervous reactions
in strange terms of harnessing the cosmic come the great captains who hold the . often signs that the glands are not
. .
functioning properly.
energy, of making winds and tides work Nation's destiny in their hands the mo-
Neglect of such conditions or a false
for us, of creating unheard-of synthetic ment the war tocsin sounds. conception of adequate treatments may
materials to supplement or even replace The long, gray line has never failed cause men to grow old before their time
our old standard basics; to purify sea us. Were you to do so, a million ghosts . loss of vigor and possibly lead to
. .
incurable conditions.
water for our drink; of mining ocean in olive drab, in brown khaki, in blue and
floors for new fields of wealth and food; gray, would rise from their white crosses,
of disease preventatives to expand life thundering those magic words: Duty,
NON-SUWCAL TREATMENTS
into the hundred of years; of controlling honor, country. Most men, if treatment is taken in
time, can be successfully NON-SURGI-
the weather for a more equitable distri- This does not mean that you are war-
CALLY treated for Glandular Inflam-
bution of heat and cold, of rain and mongers. On the contrary, the soldier mation. If the condition is aggravated
shine; of spaceships to the moon; of the above all other people prays for peace, by lack of treatment, painful and ex-
primary target in war, no longer limited for he must suffer and bear the deepest pensive surgery may be the only chance.
armed forces of an enemy, but Through intensive research, a new re-
to the wounds and scars of war. But always in sultful Non-Surgical treatment method
instead to include his civil populations; our ears ring the ominous words of for Glandular inflammation has been
of ultimate conflict between a united hu- Plato, that wisest of all philosophers: perfected by the Excelsior Medical
man race and the sinister forces of some "Only the dead have seen the end of Clinic. The mild Non-Surgical Method
other planetary galaxy; of such dreams has proven so successful it is backed by
war."
a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance.
and fantasies as to make life the most ex- The shadows are lengthening for me. Men from over 1,000 communities in
citing of all times. The twilight is here. My days of old have all parts of the country, have been suc-
And through all this welter of change vanished —
tone and tint. They have gone cessfully Non-Surgically treated. They
found soothing and comforting relief
and development your mission remains glimmering through the dreams of things
and better Health.
fixed, determined, inviolable. It is to win that were. Their memory is one of won-
our wars. Everything else in your profes- drous beauty, watered by tears and RECTAL-COLON REDUCIBLE
sional career but corollary to this vital
is coaxed and caressed by the smiles of yes- DISORDERS HERNIA
dedication. All other public purposes, all terday. I listen vainly, but with thirsty Are often associated with also amenable to a mild
is
Glandular Inflammation. Non-Surgical treatment.
other public projects, all other public ear, melody of faint
for the witching
Either or both of these disorders may be treated
needs, great or small, will find others for bugles blowing reveille, of far drums
at the same time you are receiving Glandular
their accomplishment; but you are the beating the long roll. Inflammation treatments.
ones who are trained to fight. In my dreams hear again the crash of
I
guns, the rattle of musketry, the strange

Fours is the profession of arms, the mournful mutter of the battlefield. But
knowledge that
will to win, the sure in the evening of my memory always I
in war there is no substitute for victory, come back to West Point. Always there
that if you lose, the Nation will be de- echoes and re-echoes: Duty, honor,
stroyed, that the very obsession of your country. Our New FREE Book is fully
illustrated and deals with
public service must be duty, honor, Today marks my final roll call with diseases peculiar to men and
country. you. But I want you to know that when women. Cives excellent fac-
tual knowledge and could
Others will debate the controversial is- I cross the river, my last conscious prove of utmost importance
sues, nationaland international, which thoughts will be of the corps, and the
m#TM€NT to your future life. Tells
How and Why new modern
divide men's minds. But serene, calm, corps, and the corps. Non-Surgical Treatment
aloof, you stand as the Nation's war / bid you farewell. methods are proving so suc-
cessful. It is to your best
guardian, as its lifeguard from the raging interest to write for a FREE copy today.
tides of international conflict, as its gladi- COMING— JULY ISSUE
ator in the arena of battle. For a century EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS
The Ordeal of Leonard Wood:
and a half you have defended, guarded, MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY
The story of the heroic effort of an
Dept. B1150
and protected its hallowed traditions of American doctor-general to make a de-
Excelsior Springs, Mo.
liberty and freedom, of right and justice. mocracy of Cuba. By Clarence Wood-
Centlemen: Kindly send me at once, your
Let civilian voices argue the merits or bury New FREE Book. am interested in full in-
I
formation (Please Check Box)

demerits of our processes of govern- Our Own Japanese in The Hernia Rectal-Colon Clandular
ment: Whether our strength is being Pacific War: Inflammation
sapped by deficit financing indulged in The little known story of the service of
NAME-
too long, by Federal paternalism grown a special corps of Japanese Americans
ADDRESS-
too mighty, by power groups grown too in the Pacific in WW2. By Bill Hoso-
arrogant, by politics grown too corrupt,

kawa. TOWN
Other News, Views, Pix. STATE
by crime grown too rampant, by morals
WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH
"As I think back on

it now, I doubt if impressive. They went in first, not to ever they could. Once they got ashore
I saw — really —
saw more than 2 of our 1 fight, but to photograph. They went with they just started photographing our
men at one time. Looking back, 1 saw the the troops. They were with the first ones troops in different groups rushing to their
Texas and the heavy cruisers still firing. ashore. They filmed some wonderful assigned places. Not that they rushed
At the end of that day when I listened material. Fortunately, most of them wildly, they rushed with a definite pur-
to the TBS, the only battlewagon I lis- came through well. There were a few pose. After they got ashore, they made
tened to was the Texas, but the others casualties. I lost some men. It is a co- for a certain objective. There was no
probably had records just as good. It's incidence that one of the cameramen panic or running around. I've often won-
amazing how accurate they were, and who works for me today his name is — dered why they didn't run faster. Prob-
how effective the observers were on Archie Stout —
had a son in my outfit. ably they weighed too much with all
shore. They were Navy radiomen and He was one of the two photographers their equipment on. They hurried, but
they pinpointed just about everything. who rode ashore on a Phoenix concrete there was no frantic dash, just a steady
•"Omaha Beach had cliffs that had to breakwater. He rode his Phoenix all the dogtrot.
be climbed straight up from the edge of way over from England photographing
the sand. The plan was for the Rangers everything in sight. He did a fine job "T remember meeting Col. Red
to mop up the Germans on top at the riding that big box. He got a Silver Star
J. Reeder on the beach. I knew him
fringe of the cliffs. Those Rangers for it. Later, he was to be flown back to well and I met him a long time later when
swarmed up ropes. Somehow they got up England to sign his papers for a com- I went to West Point to do a picture. The
those cliffs. I was there, but I don't really mission for which he certainly qualified Long Gray Line. On D-Day, Red was sit-
know how they did it. I think they shot in every way. On his way, even before ting with one leg smashed so badly it had
the ropes with grapnels upward with he'd left France, a lone German fighter to be amputated. 'Got any orange juice?'
special rocket guns. I was told later that popped out of nowhere and shot him he asked me. I said, 'Orange juice! What
the ropes got soaked in the rough seas down. He's buried there in a cemetery the hell would be doing carrying orange
I
coming and were so stiff some rockets

in where the landing was. That cemetery juice? How- about a shot of brandy?' We
couldn't shoot them to the top, and the was a new one and Stout's was one of the had been issued little bottles of brandy
Germans leaned out and dropped gre- first graves there. I've been back to it
in case anybody needed it. Doggedly he
nades on the attackers as they shinnied several times to leave flowers.
said, 'No, I want orange juice.' I said.
up the rope. I only remember that "I think it's amazing that I lost no
Colonel, I'm afraid that's something I
vaguely as a part of all that went on more, when you consider how much some
can't get you, but I can help you get back
around me. I was busy concentrating on of them were exposed to fire, although I
to our ship which is close in. Once there
my immediate job, and looking after my wouldn't let them stand up. I made them
you can get some aid.' He said, 'No, I
unit. lie behind cover to do their photograph-
just want some orange juice.' Red and I
"How would Imy job?" John
describe ing. Nevertheless, they didn't have arms,
Ford said, when
asked him. "Unoffi-
I just cameras, and to me, facing the
had a laugh about that long afterward
at West Point. In a moment of crisis,
cially, I was in charge of cinemaphotog- enemy defenseless takes a special kind of
raphy, but in all honesty I was really bravery. When
a man is armed with a people get funny fixations. I asked him,
more or less a logistic officer. It was up gun probably much braver than if
he's 'Why didn't you take that brandy?' He
to me to see that everybody who should he doesn't have one. said, i don't know. It's the first time in
have a camera had one. I take my hat "In action, I didn't tell my boys where my life I ever refused a drink of hard
off to my Coast Guard kids. They were to aim their cameras. They took what- liquor. All of a sudden I was pure. As a
matter of fact, I don't even like orange
juice.' He was in shock, and as I've said,
they had to cut off his leg in an emer-
gency operation.
"The film my men took was processed
in London, in both color and black-and-
white. Most of it was in Kodachrome.
It was transferred to black-and-white for
release in the news weeklies in movie

theaters. All of it still exists today in
color in storage in Anacostia near Wash-
ington, D.C. My cutting unit was in Lon-
don, too. They worked 24-hour watches,
picking out the best part of the film that
had been shot. I'm sure it was the biggest
cutting job of all time including the cut-
ting done for the recent picture
Cleopatra. The cutters worked four-hour
shifts —on four, off four. Allen Brown,
the producer, now a captain in the Re-
serve, was in charge. There were literally
millions of feet of film. When Brown's
unit saw something they liked, they
pressed a button, and put clips on that
portion of film. When they cut the stuff
"Okay! Okay! You don't have to shout!" all they did was cut at the places marked
by those clips. It saved a lot of time. Very
THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE little was released to the public then

.
apparently the Government was afraid more. A fleet of old ships was brought
to show so manv American on casualties across the Channel and purposely sunk,
the screen. After all. even The New York nose to tail, in a row offshore. This bit
Times best-seller list that summer had was named Operation Gooseberry. It
only six 'war books' on it out of a total began on the second day. Those ships
of 30. caught quite a bit of German artillery
"As I've said. I don't think I ever saw fire.Each time we sank one the Germans
more than a dozen men at one time on reported to Goebbels that another enemy
that beach. That's all my eye could take vessel had been sunk bv glorious German
in. For that matter. I don't think any- fire. On D-Dav plus three, by the time a Permanent Cash Account"
body on the beach saw more than 20 at the Nazis figured out what was happen- you can draw on anytime YOU like •••
the outside. After all. they all were at- ing, most of those ships were in position Cash 24 Monthly
Vou Get Payments 1. Send in Coupon
tacking in small groups. They were and the first of the big concrete Phoenix $100 $ 5.90
$300 $17.71
2. Return Loan Form
trained to do that. The first wave con- breakwaters was being pushed into posi-
$500 $28.54 3. Cash the Check
sisted of about 3.000 men. and not all of tion and sunk. There was an outer line of Cash 30 Monthly
Yes, just 3 simple steps to get the $100
You Get Paymen Is
them got ashore alive. Numerically, that floating steel breakwaters, too. Finally
$800 $36.89
wasn't so many really. came the three piers running from the $1,000 $44.89 By-Mail will automatically es-
•
when we ..•moment Cash Account you can

""I don't remember just beach straight out to deep water. These .
draw on whenever you need money for any purpose!

reached our inland village, but I do
first were called Whales, and LSTs came right Repay loan in small monthly installments. No co-
makers. Everything private. Also, Credit Life Insur-
remember on my way there our
that up to them and unloaded in less than an ance is available, at nominal cost, which will pay the
balance of your loan in case of death. Clean up your
troops ahead were smoking out a nest of hour. The operation was a triumph for bills now and also have established permanent credit, money
that's yours to command whenever you like! No matter where
Germans on the edge of the town. They an idea conceived by Britain's Lord you live, rush coupon. Loan Order Hlank and Permanent Cash
Account ohTer mailed free in plain envelope. No obligation.
had no artillery support, so they sneaked Louis Mountbatten. Two years earlier DIAL FINANCE CO., 401 Kittredge Bldg.
up with flame throwers. It turned out he had made the revolutionary sugges- Dept. 6-092 - Denver, Colorado 80202
DIAL FINANCE CO., Dept. 6-092 "1

that the house held five Germans and tion of taking our own seaport along with
401 Kittredge Bldg . Denver, Colo. 80202
three female French collaborationists. the invading forces instead of trying to Rush FREE Loan Order Blank, Permanent Cash
Account Offer.
capture the heavily defended French
Name
remember now, the shells the ports. The other brass hats laughed at
As Texas I
must have been

fired
it
1
2- —
him at first though never to his face. Address_
incn jobs. They made a big sound, but the "That was quite an improvement over Town. _Zone State
odd thing was how they looked. They beaching LSTs, unloading and floating Amount you want to borrow $
gave off yellowish smoke and instead of— them off 12 hours later to fetch another
rupturing the ear drums of listeners they load, which is what was done until the Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY
made a dull boom. Sixteen-inch guns Mulberry harbor was finished on D-Day Need more money? Earn $30 -$50
shattered ear drums, but the 2-inch ones a week, spare time, at home mak-
1
plus ten. They called the operation Mul- ing rubber stamps for offices, fac-
went boom an explosion going off
like berry because the mulberry is supposed tories, individuals. Hundreds of
uses. Hundreds of prospects ev- —
inside of a mine. The 16-inch guns were to be the fastest growing tree. I never did
erywhere. Right in your own com-
munity. Turn out special stamps for
|
murderous. You had to stuff your ears figure out any of the other code names.
names, addresses, notices, prices, etc.,
in minutes with table-top machine. We
with cotton if you were too near them. furnish everything and help finance you.
Maybe that's why the secret was kept so
'
f Write for free facts. No salesman calls.

They tell me Omar Bradley used cotton. well —
no one else could either. Rubber Stamp Div.. 1512 Jarvis Ave. .Dpt. R 8 -FF, Chicago 26
He must have been on one of our big "A few days later, on the 19th and
battlewagons. I didn't see him. but I did 20th. when a gale hit and destroyed
see young Teddy Roosevelt near Utah
Beach on D-Da\ plus three or four. We
practically everything. I had some of my MARTINS FLAGS
unit station themselves on one of the DISPLAYS FOR
had met in Scotland where my unit Phoenix caissons. It was blowing like S5i I ORGANIZATIONS-
TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS
trained nearby. I thought him a fine man. hell and I was out in a small boat picking Prompt shipment. Ask for our
He didn"t last very long after he landed. them up. As I was heading in. somebody colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. 44-A
"He was the principal founder of The MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE. IOWA
yelled at me from an old English ferry-
American Legion back in 1919. While boat, a sidewheeler. one of the decrepit DRAINS cellars, cisterns, wash tubs;
he was alive he did 20 men's jobs and old Brighton excursion boats. I could see IRRIGATES - CIRCULATES - SPRAYS
-pe P Pump has l.OOl uses. Stainless
was awarded the Medal of Honor. He it was a chief petty officer yelling. 'Hi. aft. Won't rust or clog! Use 1/6 HP
motor or larger 3 4 HPfor up to 2.400
. . .
didn't know that because a heart attack Jack! Hi. Jack!" I him. waved
looked at
GPH: J50 GPH 80' high: or 1.800 OPH
from 25' well. 1" Inlet: 3^" outlet.
Coupling include free S8.9S
killed him on July 12. He just kept going and asked. 'Who is it?" Then I recognized Heavy Duty Ball-Bearing r Up
I
5.200 GPH: 1 V4" inlet; 1" lei S12 95 .
up and down Omaha Beach with the

.
Ian Hunter, the actor, who afterward Postpaid if cash «ilh oilier
Guarantee. Also
rtoney Back
types.
walking stick under his arm. very neat, worked with me in The Long Voyage MJ* LABAWCO PUMPS, Belle Mead 56, N
very presentable, getting things done, Home. Hunter played the English officer
directing traffic, giving orders to the men
running up to him. His boss. Terry Allen,
in that film.
me as I was
He was
to see him.
as surprised to see
He yelled. 'What
How To
Stop
who was in charge of the First Division, are you doing here?" I veiled. 'Damned if
was a lot of man, too. That was 20 years I know. What are you doing?" Hunter
Athlete's Foot Itch
ago and even now I don't know too much said. 'Damned if I know either.' It was a INSTANT RELIEF!
about what an Army general's job is. but brief encounter because I was concerned At first sign of itching,
when I met Terry and Teddy, the im- cracking, peeling be-
with getting my boys off and ashore. The
tween toes, apply Dr.
pression I got was that they were both gale messed up the painfully assembled Scholl's Solvex for fast
good men doing efficient jobs. and constructed Mulberry harbor. Land- relief! Amazing medica-
"My tion works three ways: I. Instantly stops the
unit shot motion pictures of the ing craft of all kinds broke loose and
whole Operation Mulberry, too the — piled into docks and breakwaters. My
intense itching; 2. Kills Athlete's Foot fungi
on contact; 3. Promotes rapid healing! Oint-
construction of the man-made harbor photographers got plenty of footage of ment, Liquid, Powder or Push-button Spray.
facilities designed to handle 8.000 tons of that 'for historical purposes.' It was as
r
supplies a day. In the end it handled bad a Channel storm as the first one, if D- Scholls SOLVEX
WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH And although the world stood on tip- plained: "The hard-working population
(Continued from page 45) toe, hands cupped around its collec-
its cannot live on patriotic speeches and
tive eardrums for the first word of how moral sermons alone."
not worse. It was weeks before the har-
we did there, in its crazy, natural, some- The invasion of France was the Sev-
bor was straightened out, though supplies
times silly and inconsequential way life enth Front. Maps were bought in large
continued to get ashore somehow. That
went on elsewhere. volume by civilians anxious to know
is the best I can do 20 years after D-Day.
where husbands and
their friends, sons,
This is the first time I've ever talked
The day before Operation Overlord, a families were located.
about it.
fairly important thing took place as In Great Britain at Lewisham, Mrs.
would like to say to The American
"I
Legion Magazine readers that I am a
Rome and Allied troops marched
fell Edith Robinson, 32, had quadruplets and
into it. In China, squadrons of new super- the news caused hardly a ripple. This
lifetime member and so is my wife, Mary.
fortress B-29s were being readied for was the fifth set born in Britain in a year,
We were both given our silver lifetime
membership cards in 1955. Mary was a on Japan (the first U.S.
their first attack the third set born to wives of servicemen,
nurse in World War I. She is a member raids sinceDoolittle "30 Seconds

the the second set to wives of R.A.F. men.
of the Harold T. Andrews Post in Port- Over Tokyo" group had made its gallant Like 135 million of his countrymen.
gesture 2Vi years before). Just about Franklin Roosevelt spent the week wait-
land, Maine. I'm not much of a joiner.
that same time, a famous name in show ing for invasion bulletins. As the scanty
The Legion is the only organization I
belong to. We're proud of it. and proud business was singing in New York with news trickled in. the President, like his
Mary Martin. Eddie Cantor sang: "We're fellow citizens, took it steadily, neither
of the American soldiers we have known
over the years. Having a Baby, My Baby and Me." [On optimistically, impatiently nor fearfully.
one of the early shows the network elimi- But the nation's eyes were on the coast
"One other thing. I guess it's the only
Hollywood attribute I share with stars: nated the sound throughout the entire of France. What happened in the hedge-
John Ford isn't my real name. My real second verse. At the last minute it felt rowed fields and the coastal swamps and
that the lyrics needed censoring.] beaches and in the ancient towns of
name is Sean Aloysius Kilmartin
O'Feeney." In Vincennes, Ind., Mrs. Lyndon Normandy was all important. But the
Eberly and her daughter, Helen, heard people's look at the war was farther, far
Ford paused while we both thought
about D-Day in Normandy and all over on the radio that their soldier, Sgt. Rich- beyond Normandy.
the world. ard Eberly, 21, had been one of the first
to be landed by air in France. The Since then Jack Ford has made many
There
is small doubt that the prepara-
Eberlys were praying. At 3:30 a.m. in motion pictures, and what he regards
tion forand the launching of Overlord
as "my small, ant-like part in Overlord"
was the most important military move- Marietta, Ga., the bell of the Methodist
Church began to peal: by 4 a.m. every has been hazed over by the passing years.
ment ever made by this country, with the
church was lighted, and in every church Sometimes he thinks the events he re-
possible exception of the marching, re-
marching and bloody dying of men wear- people prayed. Aloud or in their hearts, members most vividly concerning those
plain men were not ashamed to say what explosive days have to do with a small
ing blue and gray near a small sleepy
priest standing by a roadside before his
town in Pennsylvania called Gettysburg. General Eisenhower said in his Order of
Day men: "Good and squat Norman church, waving a tiny
Even there only our soldiery was in- the to his luck,
volved; not our Navy, our Marine Corps, may the blessing of God go with you." American flag, the kind that may be pur-
chased in any five-and-dime store around
our planes, our Coast Guard, all blended In Japan, German correspondents in
into one mighty spearhead of men as they
Independence Day.
Tokyo writing for their newspapers re-
were on Utah Beach and Omaha Beach, vealed much that was not meant for U.S. "Off to the right there was a little
with the British and Canadians on more eyes. When the Japanese Government church," Ford said. "Its little priest
beaches to the east. closed all theaters, newspapers com- stood about five-feet-four. He had a little
American flag in one hand and a big jug
of calvados in the other. To us, that's
apple brandy. As our troops went by he
dipped into it for them. Then he'd pour
out another drink. When he ran out of
brandy he gave them red wine. After that
he served cider, and last water. The water
was appreciated as much as the brandy.
As our guys streamed by and saw this
little priest and the American flag, a lot
of them asked his blessing and took a
drink. My memory of that little man
with his white hair is burned on the in-
side of my skull. He'd been saving that

flag for a long, long time.
"When went back there three years
I
later," Ford went on, "he was still there

and I talked to him. By that time I had
more boys buried there in that little
priest's cemetery. In spitebadof my

French and the priest's bad English, we
talked up a storm. The priest kept talking
about what he called 'jour de dea.' It was
as close as his tongue could get to 'D-
Day.' Perhaps no man's tongue can get
closer. It was a day for dying and a day
for victory." the end
"
Costs This Summer. Now! Life Insurance

Infectious Hepatitis. Age 80
PERSONAL Tiny Electric Lights.
Birth to
30 Days
First
ONLY 25<
In calculating major budget items this summer, keep these clues in mind:
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on prices is in sight. Used car tags meantime will be a bit higher than last
1000
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Per Policy
AVOID BEING A BURDEN TO YOUR FAMILY

—
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• Car rentals: So many companies have entered this field that "discount mail with only 25c for 30 days' protec-
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I
scramble of world-wide dimensions is developing for beginners to help man City _State_
jet craft. By Edgar A. Grunwald RENDERING FAITHFUL SERVICE FOR A QUARTER CENTURY

THE CAREER OF CHARLES DE GAULLE
gave him the pick of assignments, and missions in Syria, Egypt, Persia and Iraq. on German General von Seeckt, the re-
he chose the 33rd Infantry Regiment at Then, in 1932, at the age of 4 1 he was , juvenator of German military strength
Arras. Its commanding officer was Col. assigned as a lieutenant colonel to the after 1918, and Italian General Douhet,
Henri Philippe Petain. the man destined Secretariat General de la Defense Na- who, like the then discredited American
to rule defeated France for Hitler after tionale. This was the Premier's military General William "Billy" Mitchell, early
1940. Thus began a 35-year relationship planning body, responsible for France's saw the role air forces would also play.
between the two men which would run war defenses. From his new vantage DeGaulle's book attracted little at-
the gamut from the most intimate friend- point at this crossroads of military and tention among the French public (it sold
ship to the deepest hostility. political decision-making, de Gaulle was about 700 copies), but the storm that
The World War now caught up
First finally face to face with his first major broke around him in military and gov-
de Gaulle. A captain, he was wounded challenge —and opportunity. ernment circles was tremendous. Gen-
three times — at Dinant, in 1914; Cham- These were days of disarmament in eral Debeney, former Chief of the Gen-
pagne, in 1915; and in the savage hand- Geneva and instability at home. It was eral Staff, and General Weygand, the in-
to-hand fighting around Verdun in 1916. de Gaulle's painful task to prepare esti- cumbent Chief, both fell on de Gaulle.
Taken prisoner at Douaumont, he spent mates of reductions in strength which Debeney argued, in La Revue des Deux
the rest of the war in a German POW he believed wholly unwise, for a world Mond.es (Review of Two Worlds), that
camp, and tried five times to escape, without arms which he believed wholly the northeast frontier of France would
without success. impossible. He also now had extensive be the decisive theater in the next war
contact with the civil departments, the and that it had to be held and reinforced.
a few years after the war. de and Weygand insisted France had all she
FOR Gaulle led the placid existence of a
nation's
leaders.
industrialists
He saw no than 14 govern-
less
its political
needed, including a "mechanized, motor-
peacetime officer: special army duty in ments come and go between 1932 and ized, and mounted reserve."
Poland, a history professorship at St. 1937, as France was rocked by scandal Even de Gaulle's old friend and pro-
Cyr, duty at the Ecole de Guerre (War and subversion. This revealed to him, he tector. Marshal Petain, broke with him.
College). In April 1921 he married says, the whole "extent of our resources, In a preface to General Chauvineau's
Yvonne Vendroux, the daughter of a but also the feebleness of the state." book. Line invasion, est-elle encore pos-
biscuit manufacturer in Calais. They met A new threat now appeared across the sible? ("Is An Invasion Possible
in a Calais tea room where he accidental- —
Rhine Adolf Hitler. For de Gaulle, this Again?"), Petain "tanks
asserted that
ly spilled a cup of tea over her. while changed everything and turned academic and did not modify the basic
aircraft
the orchestra was playing the "Destiny discussion of military science into prac- factors of warfare, and that the prin-
. . .
Waltz." It is still "their song." They tical realities. De Gaulle had to make a cipal element ofFrench security was the
named their son Philippe, for Petain. He crucial decision. In the belief that the continuous front buttressed by fortifica-
is now a naval officer. The de Gaulles Army commanders "were growing old at tion."The Petain-de Gaulle friendship
also have a daughter, Elizabeth, who is their posts, wedded
to errors that had turned to enmity in a split which was to
married to an army officer. A second once constituted their glory" he made his widen beyond repair until the very end.
daughter. Anne, died in 1948. decision: "If no one proposed anything
War
It was at the College, in the early
1920's, that the later de Gaulle first be-
that would meet the situation, I felt my-
self bound to appeal to public opinion
De Gaulleandwas
friends
not without other
Andre Pi-
advocates.
gan to emerge. Going on annual ma- and bring forward my own plan." ronneau, news editor of the Echo de
neuvers, he ordered mobile tactics to After one preliminary article in 1933, Paris, took up his cause. So did Paul Rey-
be used, a clear violation of French mili- de Gaulle brought his main thrust for- naud, a rising politician who. with de
tary doctrine which was then based on ward in the spring of 1934 a book — Gaulle, would be called on to save
fixed, positional warfare. For this, de called Vers I'armee de metier ("Army France when it was already too late. In
Gaulle was demoted and transferred out of the Future"). It was a thoroughgoing March 1935, Reynaud submitted a bill in
of the War College. attack on the entire Maginot Line phi- the Chamber of Deputies asking for a
Word of what had happened reached losophy of fixed defensive warfare, and specialized corps of six line divisions,
Petain, now a Marshal and Commander- on the French politics that de Gaulle be- plus one light division and general re-
in-Chief of the French Army. Petain had lieved was built around that philosophy. serves and services, to be brought up to
de Gaulle's demotion cancelled, rein- In it he proposed creation of "an army full strength by April 15. 1940 almost —
stated him as an instructor and then ap- of maneuver and attack, mechanized, the precise date of the Wehrmacht inva-
pointed him to his own staff. armoured, composed of picked men, to sion of France.
It was a curious alliance: Petain, the be added to the large-scale units supplied The bill was defeated in the Chamber's
hero of defensive warfare, of the stand by mobilization." This new army would Army Committee, whose report called
at Verdun, popularly associated with have to be created by the government, it "useless, undesirable, with the logic of
"They shall not pass" (actually it was bringing with it massive changes in both history against it." General Maurin,
General Nivelle who said it); de Gaulle, the techniques and politics of warfare. Minister of War, capped this incredible
the rebel preaching and practicing mili- De Gaulle claimed no originality of display of ignorance of what was coming
tary heresy. But personal warmth and his own for these ideas. He drew liberal- by asking on the Chamber floor, "When
admiration played a greater part than ly on both French and British innovators we have devoted so many efforts to
professional theory, and these qualities who had pioneered before him: General building up a fortified barrier, is it con-
were to be important to both men more Estienne —France's first Inspector of ceivable that we would be mad enough
than once. Tanks in 1917, British General Fuller to go ahead of this barrier, into I know
For the rest of the 1920's, de Gaulle and Captain Liddell Hart and others who not what adventure?"
saw varied but unexciting duties. He had urged that the next war would be Of de Gaulle he said. "He has got
commanded the 19th Chasseur Battalion fought with the mobile and mechanized himself a tame writer —
Pironneau and —
at Treves (Trier) and served on the tactics and materiel of the later months a gramophone —
Reynaud. I shall send
General Staff of the Army of the Rhine. of World War 1, rather than the trench him to Corsica!" To de Gaulle himself,
Between 1929 and 1932 he led military warfare of its middle years. He also drew Maurin snapped, "Good-bye, de Gaulle!
—
Where I am there's no place for you." to do since was resolved on that day."
Attacks came from the other side of On
June 6, 1940, Brigadier General BORROW BY AIRMAIL
the spectrum, too. French Socialist lead- de Gaulle was brought into the doomed
er Leon Blum, a prime antagonist of the Reynaud Government as Undersecretary $100 to $1000!
French Army and later to be Premier, of State for National Defense. He was NO embarrassing investiga-
Sj NO representative will
jumped on de Gaulle. To Blum, any highly critical of the Army Command, on you Collateral antt
army was a threat to the Republic, and especially the Commander-in-Chief.

de Gaulle's proposals for an increased General Weygand, for their lack of lead-
Cash Ton Ctl
professional force were therefore anath- ership. Against the urgings of the top S65704 S3 loo
ema. generals, who wanted to accept an ar-
In the end, de Gaulle had only the mistice, de Gaulle held out for continu-
BANKERS INVESTMENT CO., 11-T
grim satisfaction of seeing Hitler's gen- ing the war from the French Empire. He -
In*. Bids.,
-
Hutchinson, Kant. 67501
made two trips to London to enlist Brit- "Mr R~ D. o7bOi-tT, îce~President TOGEjQflii
erals employing his ideas. In 1934, BANKERS INVESTMENT CO. -T 1 1
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eign Minister, knew all about de Gaulle, while the fighting in Europe still went on.
Name- .Occupation.
Churchill could give little help on the
I
as did the future chief of the Nazi mo-

Address. -Age_
torized corps. Huenhlein. Both were sur- ground, none in the air. but he was im-
pressed with de Gaulle's plans for fight- City .Zone State.
prised that eminent Frenchmen they
talked to had never heard of him. ing on from the colonies.
After his second return to Paris, he
For three years after 1937, de Gaulle
was sidelined as a tank regimental com- found that Reynaud had resigned and CARBIDE CANNON
mander at Metz. He published another Petain had become head of the govern-
book, in 1938, France et son armee ment. Realizing that this meant sur-
("'France and Her Army"), which Wey- render, de Gaulle left for London for the
gand called "evil" and Petain laughed last time, with 100,000 francs given him
off merely '"witticisms." De Gaulle
as by Reynaud from the secret funds.
also continued to plead for his mobile Now began the next major chapter in
armored divisions in memoranda to peo- —
de Gaulle's life the struggle to free
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LEARN
mechanized divisions were formed by in the eyes of its own friends and allies.
1939, and two more were on the way. The decision to go into exile
about which he had not the slightest
was one MEAT CUTTING
But de Gaulle was too far from the cen- Train quickly in 8 short weeks at
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This was the period of the "Phony War," De Gaulle's first move in London was I
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bypassed the Maginot Line and put the He was nominally under the British High
Germans on the road to Paris. Command and subject to its orders. In
In holocaust that followed, de
the return, the British, on August 7, agreed
Gaulle almost alone put up a creditable formally to the "integral restoration of You Can Now Be FREE
fight. Just before the onslaught, he had the independence and greatness of From Truss Slavery
been given command of the 4th Armored France" — a typical de Gaulle formula- Surely you want to
FOREVER, be rid
THROW AWAY TRUSSES
of Rupture Worries. Then
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Why put up with wearing a griping, chafing
forces inflicted the only real defeats of De Gaulle's assessment of Churchill and unsanitary truss? For there is now a mod-
the campaign on the Germans. "If I live," was: "From one end of the drama to the
em Non-Surgical treatment that is designed to
correct rupture. These Non-Surgical treatments
he said before the engagement at Laon, other, he appeared to me as the great are so dependable that a Lifetime Certificate of
Assurance is given.
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THE A MERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 49
THE CAREER OF CHARLES DE GAULLE power he would need when peace re- In the end, he prevailed. There was no
(Continued from page 49) turned. In November, by his own "ordi- evacuation.
nance," he established a National Com- The same thing happened in the last
feeling, saying of de Gaulle, "I preserved
the impression, in contact with this very
mittee to rule France following its lib- days of the war, as the French 1st Army
tall,phlegmatic man, 'Here is the Con-
eration. "The Committee," he said, crossed the Alpine frontier into North-
"would be the government." west Italy. Eisenhower again ordered
stable of France.' " But de Gaulle was a
Friction mounted between de Gaulle, withdrawal and de Gaulle again refused,
source of friction to the Allied command
the weakest member of the Alliance, and not wanting to see Allied military gov-
throughout the war, his preoccupation
his stronger friends, who believed that ernments set up in areas occupied by
with France coming in conflict with the
paying the bills entitled them to call the French troops. This time. President Tru-
Allied preoccupation with victory.
tune. At the Casablanca Conference, in man wrote him, saying bluntly that there
1943, Roosevelt and Churchill brought would be no further equipment sent him
Whatever de Gaulle's personal
in, as a counterweight to de Gaulle, until he complied. De Gaulle yielded.
emotions about the "Anglo-Sax-
ons" and their treatment of him, his be-
French General Henri Giraud, who had For de Gaulle, the liberation of Paris
havior had more important goals. "It was
escaped from a German POW camp. Far in August 1944 was the crowning act of
by adopting without compromise the the years of exile and comeback. The
cause of national recovery that I could Allies permitted this to be a French show
all the way, and de Gaulle would scarcely
acquire authority Limited and alone
. . .
though I was, and precisely because I have settled for less. De Gaulle led the
was so, I had to climb to the heights and victorious French troops down the
never then to come down." Champs Elysees. "I went on foot," he
De Gaulle was now on his way to wrote. "This was not the day for passing
major public power. It was a striking feat in review with arms glittering and
for a man whose background was entire- trumpets sounding." And with careful
ly that of a professional soldier. Not only modesty, he says, "And I myself, at the
had he never held elective office, he had center of this outburst, I felt I was ful-
entered public life less than a month be- function which far transcended
filling a
fore. Though he had Reynaud's personal my individuality, for I was serving as an

confidence, he had no real mandate to instrument of destiny."
take on the leadership of France. The war over, de Gaulle became head
But neither the rules of elections nor of the Provisional Government of
the niceties of appointment applied in France. was aIt job whose duties he did
those turbulent days. France had ceased not There were, first of all, the
relish.
to exist as a political entity, except trials of the wartime Vichyites, the men
THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE
through its exiles. Its most important who had delivered France to the enemy
exile, de Gaulle, proclaimed that he was from awing de Gaulle, this only made and then collaborated in the captivity
France. For the Allies, it was either he him more adamant in his determination that followed. Among those tried was
or no one. They recognized him and he to be the only spokesman for France.
Marshal Petain. Many were sentenced
accepted the recognition, because they Roosevelt and Churchill had to spend to death or long prison terms. De Gaulle
were all that counted then, all that ever much time reconciling the two. The out- commuted some of the sentences, re-
possibly could restore France's inde- come was a French Committee of Na- duced others.
pendence. tional Liberation headquartered in Al- Toward his one-time mentor, Petain,
Later, when he went back to France, giers, but it was de Gaulle who was its he was especially charitable, seeing to it
de Gaulle would have to make his new sole president. that the old man was spared the indignity
mandate good with the French people. of execution. If there was any personal
For the present, he was their leader by June 1944, de Gaulle returned to motivation behind this act, de Gaulle
the sheer force of his personality and InEngland for the D-Day invasion. never admitted it. He said only that Pe-
philosophy, and the unique circum- That month, hisNational Committee be- tain's former services to France, and the
stances of World War 2 in 1940. came the Provisional Government of the dignity of his rank forbade such an ig-
He was not long in putting his princi- French Republic and. in July, the United nominious end. Petain was allowed to
ples into action. In the fall of 1940, he States declared it "recognizes that the live out his days in guarded isolation.
set out on a tour of those French col- French Committee of Liberation is quali- For the civilian collaborationist chiefs,
onies allied with the Free French. In Oc- fied to exercise the administration of Laval and Darnand, there was no such
tober, at Brazzaville, in the Congo, he France." De Gaulle's authority was now clemency.
established himself as trustee of France's unchallenged by anyone. It was when de Gaulle turned to other
interests, of the legitimate French Gov- Once back on the Continent with the problems that his frustrations became
ernment when that should be restored to advancing troops, de Gaulle's independ- severe. One of his first acts after the end
power. That was followed by a trip ent actions became even bolder and more of the fighting was to call for an "auster-
through the Middle East; altogether, de exasperating to his allies. In the German ity program" for France. He tried to
Gaulle spent eight of his first 1 2 months assault —the Battle of The Bulge — in paint "magnificent future" that
the
after leaving France in Africa and the December 1944, General Eisenhower or- would be hers if people pulled in their
Middle East. dered French forces to pull back on the belts and worked hard. He also toured
Throughout 1941, he traveled through Alsace sector. De Gaulle refused. Eisen- the country preaching the doctrine "To
England and made countless radio hower spent a long session gently lectur- work!" In his memoirs he stated that
broadcasts for his Free French cause. ing him on the duties of soldiers to obey everywhere he went he was wildly re-
When Russia was pulled into the war, the orders of superiors. He even threat- ceived.
he welcomed the event. Though he fore- ened to cut off fuel and other supplies. But "political activity took a contrary
saw problems after the war as a result, De Gaulle listened impassively and re- direction." The politicians rejected his
even then he was thinking of the counter- joined merely that "French honor" did demands for the powers he wanted in
balancing elements to American-British not permit the evacuation of Strasbourg. order to impose his austerity measures.
— .
Former Premiers Blum and Herriot when dissolution again was threatening even after three decades of experience,
turned him down when he tried to get France herself in May 1958, President the world did not take him seriously. It
them to go along. In fact, he complained, Coty asked General de Gaulle to form was unprepared, therefore, for his casual
they gave force to the unfounded rumors a new government. announcement at a press conference, on
that he was seeking to set himself up as De Gaulle once again moved back in- January 14, 1963, that France would
a dictator. By June 1945, de Gaulle was to office, in June, as Premier. This time veto any British application to join the
already thinking of retiring. it was on his terms. He insisted on, and Common Market.
All of his earlier doubts about poli- got, the powers to rule as well as reign. Once again, de Gaulle was a riddle to
ticians and their corrosive effects on so- A new Constitution was written, giving his allies. He confounded them by re-
ciety began to ascend again. The October the President powers to act even though moving some of his divisions, ships and
elections, which returned the largest the Assembly was hostile or immobil- air units from NATO command, by em-
number of representatives from the com- ized. On December 21, 1958, de Gaulle barking on the development of his own
munists (160), confirmed these doubts. became the first President of the Fifth nuclear forces, and by making his own
He believed that it was only he who had French Republic, chosen to serve seven alliance-within-the-alliance with German
prevented an outright takeover by the years beginning in January 1959. He also Chancellor Adenauer. In December
communists, but he also had to admit kept the office of Premier (though he 1963, he moved to open diplomatic rela-
that "at this point in my journey, the sup- later passed that office to Michel Debre) tions with Communist China the first —
port the nation offered me was growing Much had changed in the 12 years de Western power to do so since before the
slight and uncertain." Gaulle had been away. There were new Korean War. At the same time he urged
After that he was to "step on one nest —
world leaders Khrushchev, Mao, Eis- that Vietnam be "neutralized," a term
of intrigue after the other," including —
enhower and new events for him to which his American allies interpreted as
bringing communists into the govern- deal with. One thing had not changed "surrender to the communists." In 1964,
ment only to be flooded with disapproval de Gaulle's genius for surprising people. he began bidding for Latin American
from all the others. His own power The first victims were his staunchest support with offers of French trade, tech-
"hung by a thread" now. On January 1, supporters, the Frenchmen fighting back nical help, and the friendship of a major
1946, he made up his mind. On January the tide of revolt in Algeria. Settlers and nation independent of both the United
20, he called his ministers together, after generals alike, they believed de Gaulle Statesand the communists.
further "disgusting" attacks by Herriot, would somehow and make
halt the revolt De
Gaulle remained unruffled about
and told them he was resigning. He Algeria safe for them once again. But the hackles he was raising. He insisted
thought they were more grieved than de Gaulle soon made it plain that he in- that England's interests really lay outside
astonished. Even communist leader tended to settle the Algerian question, the European continent and the Market,
Thorez said, "A departure made with not permit it to go on interminably, and that he could negotiate with both Mos-
greatness." that meant self-determination for Al- cow and Peking better than Washington
geria. In September 1959, he promised could, that he was actually a staunch ally
Thus, at 55, de Gaulle left public life self-determination if the rebels would — witness his immediate declaration of
for his home in the Champagne. He agree to a cease fire. support for the United States when the
said he was disheartened by the political First the colons (the French-Algerian crisis over Russian missiles in Cuba
squabbling, the contention of the fac- civilians), then the generals turned —
broke in 1962 and that French help for
tions, and unwilling to go on until there against de Gaulle. Several of the highest- Latin America would actually be a boon
would be nothing left of his own reputa- ranking generals — Challe, Zeller, Salan, to the United States.
tion as a national leader. —
Massu and others ended up in jail or By now de Gaulle's allies were no
To many, was the end of de Gaulle
it on the sidelines. Embittered political fig- longer dismissing him,
although they
as a French public figure. At Colombey- ures like Georges Bidault fled France were still baffled as to what he would
des-Deux-Eglises he walked in the gar- with warrants hanging over them. In do next. In every Western nation he was
dens in silence. The villagers became his March 1962, the Algerian war ended defended and denounced with equal ve-
friends, though he was never intimate after seven years and four months of hemence, especially in the United States.
with them.
There, too, in 1948, his fighting, and in a referendum in April, His detractors were certain that Europe,
younger daughter, Anne, died. Algeria voted to become independent. the Atlantic Community and the world
Yet, de Gaulle was never really out of De Gaulle's decolonialization effort would return to "normal" after de Gaulle
France's affairs. Leaders of all political went beyond Algeria. He offered the
far had left the scene; his defenders were just
faiths came
to talk and consult with him. other French African colonies their as certain that his works would live after
In April 1947, the Rassemblement du choice: independence within the French him.
Peuple Francois (the Gaullist party) Commonwealth, with French aid and
chose him as its President. He listened other benefits, or independence outside, the center
of the turmoil is de
closely to the radio and followed the with no aid. All except Guinea chose to
InGaulle, serene and unshakable in the
newspapers. At this time, also, he wrote stay within the Commonwealth. De knowledge that in the internationalist
his wartime memoirs. Gaulle promptly cut Guineans off the world of 1964 he has applied the code
De Gaulle's retirement kept his name from all economic assistance, something of French patriotism and pride of the last
clear of the beginnings of France's co- many thought he never would do. (The century. Through sheer will power he
lonial disintegration. The setbacks in In- Guineans then turned to Soviet Russia, made work for France to ride out
it
dochina, culminating with the debacle at but after finding that Soviet "assisters" Hitler, and then to reweld a split and
Dienbienphu in 1954, seared France's were plotting their overthrow they ex- shaken France into a world power again
soul once again, but de Gaulle remained pelled the Russians and turned back to since 1958. Right or wrong in whatever
immune to the bitterness that engulfed France. De Gaulle welcomed them back he has done or may do next, he is apt
the Fourth Republic's statesmen. He was in—on his terms.) to remain unshakable; to think of France
also in retirement when the Algerian re- But the really severe shocks were still first, to trust his own judgment above
voltbegan and while it ground on to its ahead. As negotiations between Britain that of all others; and to let the rest of
climax of the separation of France's most and the Common Market droned on the world worry about its problems.
important possession. through 1961 and 1962, de Gaulle gave Which makes him a very tough nut for
When all else had failed in Algeria, increasing vent to his impatience. But the rest of the world. the end
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THE MONROE CO.
69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa

WATCH OUT, MEN!
PARTING Sign posted in a girls

college—
"BUILD A BETTER SPOUSE TRAP"
gym
Thomas April
at West Coast
OPEN-MINDED ANGLER
SHOTS The purist who sticks to a fly that's dry

Has only sneers for the wet-fly guy
Who
He
snoots the salmon-egg man in terms
uses for oafs who stoop to worms.
(But me, I'd gladly shoot 'em or net 'em
Any old way just so I get 'em.)
E in Jacobson i i.
THE BRIGHT SIDE

The nice thing about an egotist is that he
doesn't go around talking about other
people.
Philip Thomas
FAMOUS LAST WORDS:
I won't criticize your cooking. Honey,
—
But, gee these mushrooms sure taste
funny.
Joseph V. Braun
GOT A MATCH?
A man is his own master in the free enter-
prise system, but if his boss makes him a
gift of a pipe, he smokes a pipe.
G. Norman Collie
GOOD GRIEF
Though life is beset with acute irritations
The picture is never as bad as it looks:
Troubles are tempered with fair com-
pensations.
"Just how much do you tip that kid?" Some women drivers are excellent cooks.
Mel Ryan
QUIPMANSHIP PRIMEVAL URGE

Women love to shop. Their husbands get
A motorist taking a vacation trip through New England stopped one
quite a charge out of it too.
afternoon for a bite to eat in a typical Cape Cod tea room. As he sat
W.u.i S reightief i
near a window and looked out at the surrounding village, he remarked

me, how do yon keep your village so quaint-looking?"
to the waitress: "Tell DON'T GIVE IT A THOUGHT
"By applying modern methods," replied the waitress. "We make a prac- Any cutie who has beauty
tice of re-qitainting it every two or three years." Needn't plot or plan
Dan Benneti Or endeavor to be clever,
For she knows she can
—Though a nit-wit
Make a hit wit'
IT'S A GOOD THING Boy or man.
The rushed into kindergarten and said, breathlessly, "We
little girl Which will tend to show you, Chum,
got a new baby at our house. Why don't you come and see it, teacher?" That a dumbbell ain't so dumb!
"I shall," replied the teacher, "but I think I'd better wait until DlRCK I'OORE
your mother is better."
"Oh, you don't have to be afraid," confided the little girl, "it
isn't catching!"
Anna Herbiri
D
EXPERIENCED D
An iron worker was nonchalantly walking thebeams high above the
streeton a new skyscraper while the pneumatic hammers made a nerve- D MM TOE
jangling racket and the compressor below shook the whole steel structure.
When he came down a spectator approached him. D
"I was amazed at your calmness up there," he yelled to the iron worker.
"How- did you happen to get a job like this?"
'Well," the calm iron worker yelled back, "I used to drive a school
MAM
bus until my nerves gave out."
Giles H. Runyon
"THAT'LL FOOL 'EM"

Entering the hotel, a shy bride whispered to her husband, "Let's
act as if we've been married a long time I don't want them to
. .
know we're newlyweds."

"All right," replied her husband. "Think you can carry both these
suitcases?"
"Owned by an elderly couple who never
Lucille J. Goodyear went over 100 miles an hour."
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THE AMERICAN

THE EYES OF THE WORLD AT

The Career of A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS

Stand, Navy, out to sea,

Yo ho there shipmate, take the fighting to

Anchors Aweigh my boys, Anchors Aweigh

Heave aho there sailor, ev'rybody drink

"ANCHORS AWEIGH" by Capt Alfred H Miles and

351!) to P.O. Box 10.".,

The American Legion Magazine

Publisher, James F. O'Neil

E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Flu.; Clovis Cope-

New York, N. Y. 10010. Wholly owned by

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 31

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 1

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR decision. Certainly no matter how bad

people quit smoking, but only to educate

From Every Point of View

a sideburn or a mustache straight, clean, and neat! Both shaving

HONSON CORP., WOODBRIDGE, N.J. automatically better ® ALSO AVAILABLE IN CANADA

recommending this Niagara® they were wearing, many of them return

outstanding Niagara method that American Legion, make it 100% by send-

FREE INFORMATIVE BOOKLET to drusis.

The Smith-Corona® 250 costs no more

5 electric repeat actions. Actually it has

8BB SCM corporation 410 Park Avenue, New York 22, N.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964

meaningful exercise in patriotism. rarely practiced by foreign-born Americans. Many of our

— for a loyalty required of citizens —

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964

pate in the salute to the veterans of America

DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S "THE LONG-

Now for the first time, we present this inter-

Legionnaires who have never seen this epic

drama will thrill to its power, magnificence

Throughout the land, wherever "THE

offer their cooperation to local American

DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S THE

courage this trend, say Washington's "flexibles." HAPPY SCHOOL DAYS

come fly with Eastern

Of all the Englishmen Conclusion: This work is entirely ade-

who drink gin... Heritage of Valor, by Budd Peaslce,

how many Col., U.S.A.F., Ret.

The story of the 384th

drink Gordon's? Group and

selling gin— as it is America's and the

years ago— so its distinctive dryness

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE JUNE 1964

Give your favorite men a

The Career of CHARLES

Charles de Gaulle of France is

doubtless more to come from him.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964

Who saw D-Day

saw it, for

its stage was as big as the world and its

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964

f how we can do anything else."

Continued We Shot D"D y on Omaha Beach