LIEPĀJAS JŪRNIECĪBAS KOLEDŽAS

Inženiertehniskā nodaļa

Pirmā līmeņa augstākās profesionālās izglītības programma

“Jūras transports.Kuģu mehānika” / “Kuģu mehānika”

Aģentūras nosaukums: „Astor shipamangement”

Kuģa nosaukums: STI Camden

Prakses uzsākšanas datums: 01.02.2020

Prakses pabeigšanas datums: 31.08.2020

Praktikants: Artjoms Makins

(vārds, uzvārds)

Liepāja 2021g.
2.Safety
The drills is most important that the crew is prepared to act correctly in any
emergency it is necessary always to be aware of that could possibly lead to
an accident; because of that, drills for various emergencies take place
frequently and in order to supplement the drills with some more theoretical
matter instruction are given about various life-saving appliances.
For the benefit of safety various notices and signs are placed at various
locations on board, these can be notices concerning the contents of various
compartment, containers or the like. Safety signs can be and should be
separated into a system of mandatory signs, prohibition signs, warning signs,
emergency signs and fire fighting signs.
Emergency Muster stations :
1. Primary : Located on Upper deck starboard
side
2. Alternative : Located on A deck PORT side
LIFERAFT STATION
Abandon ship Muster Stations:
1. Primary : Boat Deck – Forward of funnel
2. Alternative : Located on A deck PORT side
LIFERAFT STATION
Muster List
Muster list contain information regarding duties of crew members and
passengers of the vessel in case of any emergency situations. They are
posted on each of the accommodations deck and in Engine Control Room.
Safety Plan
Safety plan contain all information regarding locations of all safety equipment
on board. They are posted on each of accommodations deck and in Engine
Control Room.
Life saving equipment
The lifebuoys must be carried in every ships, but the number is dependent
on length and purpose of the ship (ferries or cargo ship).
The lifebuoys are placed in such a way that they are easily accessible on
both sides of the ship. The lifebuoys must be ready for being rapidly cast off.
They must by no means be permanently fastened.
The lifebuoys have to be equipped with reflection tapes and the name and
port of registry of the ship shall be marked on each lifebuoy in legible block
letters.
At least one lifebuoy on each side must be equipped with a floating line. The
length of the line must be twice the distance from the water surface to the
position of the lifebuoy but minimum 30 m.
At least one half of the number of lifebuoys must be provided with self-
igniting light giving a constant or flashing light for a period of at least two
hours.
At least 2 of the lifebuoys provided with self-igniting lights also have to be
provided with a self-activating smoke signal emitting a smoke of distinctly
visible color for a period of at least 15 minutes. It must be easy to release
these lifebuoys from the bridge.
The use of the lifebuoys:
1. If man overboard
If you observe a man overboard – shout as load as possible Man over
board!!! Starboard / Port side
Throw out a lifebuoy at once and give the alarm to the bridge. There is
hope that the man overboard will get hold of the lifebuoy and at the
same time the man overboard – place has been marked and this
facilitates the search. Throw several lifebuoys, if necessary!
2. At quay or anchor
A lifebuoy with a line must always be ready near the gangway
3. When embarking or disembarking the pilot
A lifebuoy with a line must always be ready near the pilot’s ladder.
Both lifesuits and protective suits are immersion suits designed to reduce
the loss of heat from person who, for example has fallen into cold water.
Lifesuits are made of material with built-in insulation. Approved lifesuits must
be capable of ensuring that body temperature does not decrease more than
2°C in 6 hours in calm circulating water at temperatures of between 0 and
2°C.
Protective suits may be made of material without built-in insulation, but if so
warm clothing should be worn. Approved suits must be capable of ensuring
that body temperature does not decrease more than 2°C in 1 hour in calm
circulating water at temperature of 5°C.
Lifesuits have built-in buoyancy material, for which reason the wearer does
not need to use a life jacket.
Protective suits will normally have to used in conjunction with a life jacket to
provided sufficient buoyancy.
The light is attached to SOLAS approved lifejacket in order to indicate the
position of the wearer and to facilitate his rescue.
The immersion suit protected against heat loss, and thus increase the
survival time in cold water. All suits are tested and approved according to the
international standards. This suit is to be worn with a lifejacket.

The immersion suit is comes with bag in red which located in crew cabin, it
contain of Neoprene Fabric, 5 mm width with insulating properties, water
proof zipper, neoprene gloves, light pocket for an approved SOLAS light.
The internal temperature of the human body is constantly kept around 37°C.
Increasing the temperature to 40 – 41 °C results in delirium. Then the
temperature is falling to 33°C unconsciousness will occur. At approx 25°C
death occurs as the heart cannot beat at lower temperature.
In emergency case the survival craft launching procedure keep by
responsible person from embarkation area. The embarkation area is deck
area from which survival craft are boarded. If communication by walkie talkie
is not used during the launching of the lifeboat or raft the boat commander
can use the following signals:
 One short blasts means stop lowering the
lifeboats
 Two short blasts mean stop lowering the
lifeboat
The ship is equipped:
 Viking 6DK+ liferaft for 6 persons, throw
over board type – 1 quantity, which
installed on Forward part of the deck
 Viking 16DK+ liferaft for 16 persons, throw
over board type – 2 quantity, which
installed on Starboard side
 Viking 16DKF+ liferaft for 16 persons, davit
launchable type – 2 quantity, which
installed on Portside

Hydrostatic release gear

If the liferaft is not freed and inflated manually by means of the sliphook. The
hydrostatic release gear will automatically free and inflate the raft the ship
sinks. The hydrostatic release gear automatically frees the liferaft container
when the release gear reaches a depth of water of 1.5 ~ 4 meters. The
liferaft container then float freely on the water.
The Free fall lifeboat has been designed in accordance with SOLAS 1983
Amendments and 2012 International Life-Saving appliance (LSA) Code. This
boat has been constructed and been of such form and proportions that is has
ample stability in a seaway and sufficient freeboard when loaded with its fuul
complements of persons and equipments.
It is stored on the boat davit on after of the ship. In case of emergency, the
crew can board the lifeboat and escaped with the lifeboat directly from its
position. The launching appliances consist of a boat davit, boat winch
(reduction gear) and hydro unit ( installed on steering gear room).
Free fall lifeboat HDFN35F
Quantity – 1
Type of boat – Totally Enclosed lifeboat
Launching – Free fall launching device
Dimensions (L x B x D x H) – 7.95 x 3.07 x 1.55 x 3.19m
Material – Fiberglass Reinforced plastic
Boarding – 28 persons
Free fall certification height ~ 15. 5 meters
This boat is able to be released two independent activation system, released
hook, for the release mechanism which may only be operated from inside the
lifeboat and marked in color that contrasts with its surrounding and protected
against accidental or premature use.
Equipment list
Maintenance and systems of this Rescue boat are critically important to
every crewmembers safety. Rescue boat mostly used for emergency in case
of anyone falling overboard. The procedures such as engine start, fuel oil
tank level check, overall conditions must be carried out weekly. The Rescue
boat launching should be done every month.
Rescue boat dimension
LOA – 4,200 mm
Breadth maximum – 1,750 mm
Depth – 678 mm
Draft – 281 mm
Rescue boat weight
Unloaded Boat – 476 kg
Loose equipment – 40 kg
Fuel – 34kg
Person - 495 kg
Full weight – 1,065 kg
Location of Life Saving Appliances
Line Throwing Apparatus
Vessel supplied with 4 Line
throwing Apparatus.
They are located on Navigation Bridge
and marked accordingly.

Signaling Rockets
Vessel supplied with 12 Signaling Rockets.
They are located on Navigation Bridge
and marked accordingly.

EPIRB
Located on Navigation Bridge Wing Port Side
and marked accordingly.

SARTS
Vessel supplied with 2 SARTS.
They located and marked accordingly:
 Navigation Bridge STBD side
 Lifeboat
The EPIRB is placed on navigation Deck (starboard side) and equipped with
hydrostatic release for floating up if the vessel sinking. The EPIRB looks like
small buoys an the transmitters can be activated manually as well as
automatically. Depending on the used frequencies, the transmitted signal
enable other ships, air planes or satellites to locate the position of the EPIRB.
The EPIRB can be manually released and carried on board a survival craft.

When the EPIRB is activated (manually or automatically) it transmits on the

frequencies 121.5 MHz and 406.037 MHz. An analogue signal is emitted on
121.5 MHz and a digital signal is transmitted on 406.037 MHz. After EPIRB is
activated, the next passing satellite will detect the transmitted signal and
relay it to an antenna at a ground station, called an LUT.
For the 121.5 MHz signal the satellite must be within line of sight of both the
EPIRB and a ground station. The ground station or LUT has a 2500 km
satellite reception radius centred at the LUT. In the areas without LUT
coverage (mostly less populated areas in the southern hemisphere), signals
from the 121.5 MHz transmitter will not be detected by the satellites, only by
passing aircraft’s.
This is not the case with the 406 MHz transmitter, because the satellites have
a memory unit, which stores the signals for relay to the next available LUT
giving it a truly global coverage. Once the signal is received by the LUT, it is
provessed for location and sent to a Mission Control Centre (MCC). The
MCC sorts the alert data according to geographic search and rescue regions
and distributes the information to the appropriate Rescue Co-ordination
Centre (RCC), or if outside the national search and rescue area, to the
appropriate MCC that covers the area where distress signal was detected.
The RCC in turn takes the necessary action to initiate search and rescue
activities.
The battery of the EPIRB will last for at least 48 hours from activation of the
EPIRB.
Use of Radar Transponder (SART)
SART is short form for Search and Rescue Radar Transponder, which is
carried on all ocean going ships. Normally one SART is carried on the
Navigation bridge, and is to be carried to the survival craft when abandoning
the ship. SART is used to indicate the position on radar, when ship is passing
close to the craft. When the SART is switched “ON” it goes on a standby
mode. It does not send out any signal on its own but its triggered off by a
signal of 3 cm (x-band) radar. Once triggered it gives out a signal of 12 blips
on the rescue ship’s radar indicating its position. The range of the SART is
normally 5 – 7miles. Once the rescue ship comes close say up to 1 mile, the
blips turn into concentric arcs on the radar and if the survival craft is less than
1nm of the rescue ship, the blips becomes concentric circles. The range of
the SART also depends on the height at which the transponder is placed and
the freeboard of the vessel.
When the radar beacon from an air plane or a ship hits the activated SART it
transmits a signal consisting of a number dots visible on the radar screen of
the rescue plane or ship.
Manual SART release
Light smoke signals
The light smoke signal K-52 is combined type
self activating smoke signal and self-igniting light,
and intended to the lifebuoy having arrangement
of quick release from ships navigation bridge at
side.
Emission of smoke by self-activation of striker
igniter by pulling out of activating cord on top and
automatic “light on” in self-up-right position afloat
in water sea.
 Smoke color : Orange
 Smoke duration : min. 15 minutes
 Light duration: min 2 hours
Rocket parachute flare K-31
Pick up a distress signal on the sea
Specification:
 Size : 41.0 x 221.0 mm
 Weight – 0.37 kg
 Ignition color : vivid red
 Ignition time: min.40 sec
 Altitude: min.300 m
 Expiry period: 3 years

Operation:
1. Remove top and bottom cap
2. Pull bottom ring until it stops and
turn it upward
3. Hold signal with both hands firmly
and keep upright. Squeeze top of
ring holder with base of thumb,
then push it for fire.
Line throwing appliances K-19
The line-throwing appliance is used :
1. During rescue operations for
establishing connection between
the rescue vessel and the ship in
distress for:
a. Towage assistance
b. Evacuation of persons
c. Rigging of breeches buoy
2. In man over board situation. The
rocket is fired in such a way that
the line will fall very close to the
person in the water.

Specifications:
 Weight : approx. 3.9 kg
 Length of line : 320.0 m (+/- 10%)
 Propelling distance: min 230.0 m
 Expiry Period: 3 years
Operation procedure
1. Remove the upper cap and bind firmly up
hall with the line with red band.
2. And point arrow on unit in the direction of
firing.
3. Press the line throwing appliance against
your thigh and the remove safety pin
4. Select the point of firing direction
5. Holding the body, trigger pull the firing pin
latch in a consequence, firing pin strikes
detonator and after ignited ignition charge.
Fire extinguishers equipment
CO2 extinguishing system
There is advantages of Carbon dioxide:
 CO2 is always stored liquefied under pressure, the gas does have
some amount of cooling effect when directly applied to the burning
material.
 It is approximately one and half times denser that air, so it settled
down in a compartment and penetrated every nook and corner of the
space which is flooded with the gas rapidly replacing the air near the
fire, effectively smothering the fire. It dilutes the oxygen content of the
atmosphere near the fire to such an extent that the oxygen cannot
support combustion.
 It does not react with most substances and does not damage any
expensive cargo or machinery.
 It is electrically non-conductive making it suitable for fires involving
energized electrical circuits.
 It is easily liquefied by compression.
 It is a colourless, odourless, non-combustible gas very efficient to
extinguish fires by smothering effect.
The CO2 fire extinguishing system is commonly use on oil/chemical tankers.
Fire equipment
A fire cannot start, or continue, if one side of the fuel – oxygen – heat triangle
is absent, or if there is an interruption in the chemical chain reaction that
sustains burning.
Fuel – This can be a solid, liquid or gas, which when heated gives off
flammable vapours.
Oxygen – Oxygen is normally present in the air in sufficient quantity to
sustain a fire.
Heat – a critical temperature must be reached for ignition to occur, but once a
fire has started it will normally maintain its own heat supply. Heat may be
applied deliberately, or it may be accidental. For example, heaters being
placed too close to furniture, curtains or paper; power points being
overloaded; and personal computer being covered with office paper.

The vessel is equipped with fire hoses and their connections, all
crewmembers should be instructed in the use of fire hoses, and practice
working and moving with, a fully charged hose.
The ship is equipped with 22 fire hoses length of 20 meters, and 11 is located
in engine room, their length about 15 meters.
Types of Fire
When dealing with a fire it is important to recognize its type as the correct
treatment of one type of fire may only increase the danger if applied to
another type.
CLASS A. Fire involving solid materials usually of an organic nature. E.g
cloth, wood, papers, furniture, plastics, rope, etc.
CLASS B. Fires involving liquids or liquefiable solids, E.g. petrol, oils,
paraffin, paint, solvent, cooking fats, waxes, etc.
CLASS C. Fires involving gases or liquefied gases. E.g. methane, propane,
butane, acetylene, etc.
CLASS D. Fires involving burning metals. E.g. Aluminum, Magnesium,
Sodium, etc.
ELECTRICAL FIRE: Electricity itself does not burn. Any fire which is referred
to as an electrical fire would actually be a class A, B, C or D fire as described
above, but with the additional hazard of live electrical circuits, once the
appropriate electrical circuits have been isolated the fire is treated as normal
for its class.
CLASS F. (American system) or K (Europe/ Australia-asian systems) Fires
involving cooking oils or fats. Though such fires are technically a subsclass of
the flammable liquid/gas class, the special characteristics of fires are
considered important enough to recognize separately. Appropriate fire
extinguishers may also have hood over them that help extinguish the fire.
Fire extinguisher is a pressurized vessel designed to attack a fire in the
early stage. There are three types of portable extinguishers normally found
on board:
1. Foam extinguisher
 9L – 24
 45L wheel type – 1
 135L wheel type – 1

2. CO2 extinguisher
 5kg – 12

3. Dry chemical Powder

 6 kg - 18
 25 kg - 2
Location of FFE

 5 kg CO2 Portable Fire extinguishers

 Bosun Stores – 4
 Engine Room, 2ndDeck – 2
 Accommodation, Upper Deck – 2
 Accommodation, A-Deck – 1
 Navigation Bridge Deck – 3

 6 kg Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers

 Steering Gear Room – 1

 Bowthruster Room – 1
 Bosun Store – 1
 Accommondation, Hull Part Upper Deck – 8
 Accommodation, A-Deck – 5
 Accommodation, B-Deck – 1
 Accommodation, C-Deck – 1

 9ltr Foam Fire Extinguishers

 Steering Gear Room – 1

 Engine Room, Casing – 3
 Engine Room, 2ndDeck – 7
 Engine Room, 3rdDeck – 5
 Engine Room, Floor – 3
 Accommodation, Upper Deck - 2
 Accommodation, A-Deck - 1
 Accommodation, B-Deck - 1
 Accommodation, C-Deck – 1

 1 x 45ltr Foam Fire Extinguisher - Engine Room, 3rdDeck

 1 x 135ltr Foam Fire Extinguisher - Engine Room, 2ndDeck
Fire detection system and alarm systems
A fire detection system is designed to detect rapidly the onset of fire, give
early warning and provide the crew with the best possible chance of
controlling and extinguishing a fire, before it can destroy property, the ship
and even lives.
The vessel fire detector system is equipped with addressable detectors and
computerized control.
On board are installed three types of fire detectors:
1. Heat detectors – the rate of rise given an alarm when the detected
temperature exceed a fixed limit. This will be between 54 and 78°C.
2. Smoke detectors
3. Flame detectors
Breathing apparatus
Self – contained Compressed-air Breathing Apparatus (SCBA in a short
hereinafter) is a kind of self-supply positive pressure air respirator, widely
used in the field of fire-fighting on board of ship in case of fire. It is a personal
protective device with a high performance designed for the fire mans attack
parties, smoke and toxic gas, vapor or oxygen poor space entries or dealing
with rescue activities to protect their respiratory organs.

Structure of RHZK Positive Pressure Fire-fighting Air Respirator

2 - pressure reducer; 3 - cylinder valve; 4 - supply valve; 5 - median pressure
tube; 6 - high pressure tube; 7 – alarm; 8 – cylinder; 9 - pressure gauge; 10-
the face mask;
Emergency escape breathing device
Emergency Escape breathing devices (EEBD) is the personal protective
equipment for the people who escape the accident spot to self-protect. Only
when the device is operated properly, can it performance well, so that the
people can safely escape the accident spot. EEBD can’t be used for fire
fighting, only for emergency escaping. EEBD operate about 15 minutes.
The structure of EEBD:
1. Cylinder
2. Cylinder valve
3. Pressure gauge
4. Pressure reducer
5. Breathing hose
6. Head harness

The total amount on board – 12

 Navigation deck – 2
 ECR – 1
 ER 2nd deck - 3
 ER 3rd deck - 2
 ER floor – 2
 Spare and training - 2
International shore connection
Vessels of over 500 tons must carry at least one International shore
connection to enable water to be supplied from another vessel, shore, to the
fire main. It must be possible to use the connection on either side of the
vessel.
The international shore connection has a flat face flange on one side, whilst
the other side consist of a coupling that will fit the ship hydrant.
Description Dimension
Outside diameter 178 mm
Inside diameter 64 mm
Bolt circle diameter 132 mm
Slots in flange Holes 19mm in diameter, spaced
equidistantly on a bolt circle of the
above diameter, slotted to the flange
periphery
Flange thickness 14.5 mm minimum
Bolts and nuts Fours, each of 16 mm diameter, 50
mm in length with washers