Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 6 views

    U1L1 Gas Exchange01

    Uploaded by

    reamaedelector
    This document describes gas exchange and respiratory structures in different organisms. It discusses the basic process of gas exchange, which involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism's bloodstream and its environment. Various structures are then listed that different types of organisms use to facilitate this exchange, ranging from simple cell membranes in bacteria to complex lung systems in humans. Key animal structures discussed include gills, tracheal systems, and lungs. The human respiratory system is examined in detail, outlining the conducting and respiratory portions and their main components and functions in breathing and gas exchange.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    U1L1 Gas Exchange01

    Uploaded by

    reamaedelector
    6 views27 pages
    This document describes gas exchange and respiratory structures in different organisms. It discusses the basic process of gas exchange, which involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism's bloodstream and its environment. Various structures are then listed that different types of organisms use to facilitate this exchange, ranging from simple cell membranes in bacteria to complex lung systems in humans. Key animal structures discussed include gills, tracheal systems, and lungs. The human respiratory system is examined in detail, outlining the conducting and respiratory portions and their main components and functions in breathing and gas exchange.

    Original Title

    U1L1-Gas-Exchange01 (1)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document describes gas exchange and respiratory structures in different organisms. It discusses the basic process of gas exchange, which involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism's bloodstream and its environment. Various structures are then listed that different types of organisms use to facilitate this exchange, ranging from simple cell membranes in bacteria to complex lung systems in humans. Key animal structures discussed include gills, tracheal systems, and lungs. The human respiratory system is examined in detail, outlining the conducting and respiratory portions and their main components and functions in breathing and gas exchange.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views27 pages

    U1L1 Gas Exchange01

    Uploaded by

    reamaedelector
    This document describes gas exchange and respiratory structures in different organisms. It discusses the basic process of gas exchange, which involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism's bloodstream and its environment. Various structures are then listed that different types of organisms use to facilitate this exchange, ranging from simple cell membranes in bacteria to complex lung systems in humans. Key animal structures discussed include gills, tracheal systems, and lungs. The human respiratory system is examined in detail, outlining the conducting and respiratory portions and their main components and functions in breathing and gas exchange.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 27

    UNIT 1: LESSON 1: Gas Exchange

    GAS EXCHANGE is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move
    between the bloodstream and the lungs. This process is essential as it
    keeps organisms alive or survive.

    Different organisms have various ways of exchanging gases inside and


    outside their bodies. It varies from the simplest to the most complex
    respiratory system. Below are list of different structures used by animals
    for gas exchange.

    ✓ CELL MEMBRANE – it is a structure used by


    unicellular organisms for gas exchange.
    Gases directly pass through the cell
    membrane through diffusion. (bacteria)

    ✓ BODY SURFACE/SKIN – it is a respiratory covered with thin and most


    epithelial cells that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. Gases
    can only cross the cell membrane when they are dissolved in an aqueous
    solution, and thus the surface should be moist. (Flatworms and frogs)
    ✓ GILLS – they greatly increase the surface area for gas exchange in aquatic
    organisms. Gill are convoluted outgrowths containing blood vessels
    covered by a thin layer of epithelial
    cells. They can be found either
    externally (amphibian) or internally
    (fish).

    ✓ TRACHEAL SYSTEMS – they are composed


    of a series of respiratory tubes
    that carry the gases directly to the
    cells for gas exchange. Gases enter
    and exit through the openings at the body surface called spiracles
    (grasshoppers and cockroaches)

    ✓ LUNGS – these are ingrowths of the body wall that connect to


    the outside environment by a series of respiratory tubes and
    small openings. The lungs are one of the most complex respiratory
    organs of animals (human.
    Gas Exchange in Plants
    the opening is called the
    stomata or stoma for plural
    and they are surrounded by
    specialized cells called the
    guard cells – that allows
    the stoma to open or close

    Mechanisms of gas exchange in plants:

    Passive diffusion is the process by which molecules


    diffuse from a region of higher concentration to a
    region of lower concentration.
    ANIMAL GAS EXCHANGE (HUMAN)

    Mammals can store food but not gases, so to survive they continuously
    acquire oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.
    HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
    The respiratory tract carries air to and from the lungs where the exchange
    of surfaces is located.
    It is divided into 2:
    1. Conducting Portion
    2. Respiratory Portion
    1.) Lungs---gas exchange
    2.) Mechanisms in Breathing: Expiration and Inhalation
    3.) Nasal Cavity
    4.) Nasal Hairs
    5.) PARANASAL SINUSES
    6.) PHARYNX
    7.)
    8.)
    9.) EPIGLOTTIS
    10.)
    11.)
    12.)
    13.)
    14.)
    15.)

    16.)
    17.)

    18.)
    19.) BASEMENT MEMBRANE

    20.) BLOOD-GAS BARRIER


    21.)
    SUMMARY:
    Structure and Functions
    STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS

    Nasal cavity Filters, warms and moistens air

    Pharynx (throat) Connects to larynx

    Glottis Allows air to pass

    Larynx (voice box) Produces sounds

    Trachea (Windpipe) Passage of air to the thoracic


    cavity

    Bronchi Passage of air to each lung

    Bronchioles Passage of air to the air sacs

    Alveolus (Air sacs) For gas exchange

    You might also like