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    This document is a worksheet on energy changes in chemical reactions. It discusses exothermic reactions, where heat is released, causing temperature to rise in surroundings, and endothermic reactions, where heat is absorbed, causing temperature to fall in surroundings. Examples of each type of reaction are given. The enthalpy change is the energy change in a chemical reaction, with exothermic reactions having negative enthalpy changes and endothermic reactions having positive enthalpy changes. Energy level and profile diagrams are used to illustrate energy changes in reactions.

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    This document is a worksheet on energy changes in chemical reactions. It discusses exothermic reactions, where heat is released, causing temperature to rise in surroundings, and endothermic reactions, where heat is absorbed, causing temperature to fall in surroundings. Examples of each type of reaction are given. The enthalpy change is the energy change in a chemical reaction, with exothermic reactions having negative enthalpy changes and endothermic reactions having positive enthalpy changes. Energy level and profile diagrams are used to illustrate energy changes in reactions.

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    This document is a worksheet on energy changes in chemical reactions. It discusses exothermic reactions, where heat is released, causing temperature to rise in surroundings, and endothermic reactions, where heat is absorbed, causing temperature to fall in surroundings. Examples of each type of reaction are given. The enthalpy change is the energy change in a chemical reaction, with exothermic reactions having negative enthalpy changes and endothermic reactions having positive enthalpy changes. Energy level and profile diagrams are used to illustrate energy changes in reactions.

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    20 views3 pages

    Ans For Review

    Uploaded by

    sachi.laurel
    This document is a worksheet on energy changes in chemical reactions. It discusses exothermic reactions, where heat is released, causing temperature to rise in surroundings, and endothermic reactions, where heat is absorbed, causing temperature to fall in surroundings. Examples of each type of reaction are given. The enthalpy change is the energy change in a chemical reaction, with exothermic reactions having negative enthalpy changes and endothermic reactions having positive enthalpy changes. Energy level and profile diagrams are used to illustrate energy changes in reactions.

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    Name:_____________________________ ( ) Class:__________ Date:___________

    WORKSHEET
    Chapter 8: Energy Changes

    8.1 Exothermic and Endothermic Changes

    1. An exothermic reaction is one where heat is given out. This causes a temperature rise
    in the surroundings.

    2. Examples of exothermic reactions are: dissolving of anhydrous salts in water, freezing,


    condensation, respiration, neutralisation between acid and alkali, respiration and
    combustion of fuels.

    3. An endothermic reaction is one where heat is taken in. This causes a temperature fall in
    the surroundings.

    4. Examples of endothermic reactions are: dissolving of some ionic compounds in water,


    melting, evaporation, photosynthesis, thermal decomposition and action of light of silver
    bromide on photographic film.

    5. The energy change in a chemical reaction is known as the heat change or enthalpy
    change. It is measured in kilojoules and is represented by the symbol ∆H.

    6. The enthalpy change for an exothermic reaction is negative (∆H < 0). The enthalpy
    change for an endothermic reaction is positive (∆H > 0).

    7. A convenient way to show energy changes in a chemical reaction is by means of an


    energy level diagram.

    1
    8. In an exothermic reaction, energy is given out, so the products have lower energy than
    reactants. In an endothermic reaction, energy is absorbed, so the products have higher
    energy than reactants.

    Energy level diagram of an exothermic Energy level diagram of an endothermic


    reaction: reaction:

    8.2 Bond Breaking and Bond Making

    1. Bond breaking is an endothermic process. Energy is absorbed. Bond making is an


    exothermic process. Energy is released.

    2. In an exothermic reaction, the total energy absorbed for bond breaking is less than the
    total energy released for bond making. In an endothermic reaction, the total energy
    absorbed for bond breaking is more than the total energy released for bond making.

    3. Consider the reaction of hydrogen gas burning in oxygen to form steam:


    2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)
    (a) During the reaction, H–H bonds and O=O bonds are broken.
    (b) In forming a steam molecule, O–H bonds are formed.

    4. Overall, the combustion of hydrogen releases heat and is exothermic (∆H = –484 kJ).
    This is because much more energy is released from the bond making than is required for
    the bond breaking.

    2
    8.3 Activation Energy and Energy Profile Diagrams

    1. The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that reactant particles must have
    in order for a chemical reaction to occur.

    2. An energy profile diagram shows graphically how the energy changes during a chemical
    reaction. It shows the enthalpy change and activation energy of a reaction. The activation
    energy acts as an energy barrier between the reactants and products.

    Energy profile diagram of an exothermic reaction:

    Energy profile diagram of an endothermic reaction:

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