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    Vital Signs

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    jvlegaspi7463val
    Normal vital signs include a temperature of 36.5-37.2°C, pulse of 60-100 bpm, respiration rate of 16-20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg. Temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus and can be measured orally, rectally, in the axilla, or tympanically. Pulse is measured by counting the heart rate and assessing characteristics like rhythm and volume. Respiration includes the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing. Blood pressure indicates the force of blood flow and is measured in mmHg.

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    Vital Signs

    Uploaded by

    jvlegaspi7463val
    12 views2 pages
    Normal vital signs include a temperature of 36.5-37.2°C, pulse of 60-100 bpm, respiration rate of 16-20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg. Temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus and can be measured orally, rectally, in the axilla, or tympanically. Pulse is measured by counting the heart rate and assessing characteristics like rhythm and volume. Respiration includes the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing. Blood pressure indicates the force of blood flow and is measured in mmHg.

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    Normal vital signs include a temperature of 36.5-37.2°C, pulse of 60-100 bpm, respiration rate of 16-20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg. Temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus and can be measured orally, rectally, in the axilla, or tympanically. Pulse is measured by counting the heart rate and assessing characteristics like rhythm and volume. Respiration includes the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing. Blood pressure indicates the force of blood flow and is measured in mmHg.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    12 views2 pages

    Vital Signs

    Uploaded by

    jvlegaspi7463val
    Normal vital signs include a temperature of 36.5-37.2°C, pulse of 60-100 bpm, respiration rate of 16-20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg. Temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus and can be measured orally, rectally, in the axilla, or tympanically. Pulse is measured by counting the heart rate and assessing characteristics like rhythm and volume. Respiration includes the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing. Blood pressure indicates the force of blood flow and is measured in mmHg.

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    of 2

    HAS PRELIM

    2nd
    Vital Signs NCMA111
    VITAL SIGNS
    NORMAL VITAL SIGNS

    • TEMPERATURE – 36.5 – 37.2


    • ADULT PR – 60 – 100 bpm
    • RESPIRATION – 16 – 20
    • BLOOD PRESSURE- 120/80mmgh ( some says its is
    already prehypertensive
    o Activity, talking, gum – chewing, and anxiety
    affect pulse, respirations and blood
    pressure, ALLOW 5 minutes of REST before
    beginning to take VS

    TEMPERATURE
    • Balance between the heat lost and produced.
    • Temperature is ultimately regulated by the
    hypothalamus
    TYPES OF HEAT TRANSFER
    o Conduction- transfer of heat from one molecule to
    a molecule of lower temperature
    o Radiation- transfer of energy in the form of waves
    and particles
    o Convection- is the dispersion of heat by air
    currents PULSE RATE
    o Vaporization / Evaporation- is a continuous • is an indirect measurement of cardiac output obtained
    evaporation of moisture from the respiratory tract by counting the number of apical or peripheral pulse
    and from the mucosa of the mouth and from the waves over a pulse point. A normal pulse rate for adults
    skin is between 60 and 100 beats per minute

    • PYREXIA- A body temperature above the usual range PULSE CHARACTERISTICS


    is called Pyrexia, Hyperthermia or Fever • Pulse quality refers to the “feel” of the pulse, its
    rhythm and forcefulness.
    TYPES OF FEVERS
    1. INTERMITTENT- alternates at regular intervals between
    periods of fever and periods of normal/subnormal
    temperatures.
    2. REMITTENT- wide range of temperature fluctuations
    all of which are above normal
    3. RELAPSING- short febrile periods of a few days are
    interspersed with periods of 1 or 2 days of normal
    temperature
    4. CONSTANT- fluctuates minimally but always remain
    above normal
    SITE ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES NORMAL
    RANGE
    Oral Accessible Breakage, 35.9- 37.5
    inaccurate, injury
    of oral mucosa
    Rectal Reliable Injury of rectum, 36.3-37.9
    misleading result
    axillary Safe& non- Long time 35.4-37
    • Pulse rhythm- is the regularity of the heartbeat.
    invasive
    tympanic Core Membrane injury, 36.7-38.3 • Dysrhythmia- arrhythmia, irregular heart beat
    temperature, discrepancy, • Pulse Volume - is a measurement of the strength or
    very fast misleading result amplitude of force exerted by the ejected blood
    against the arterial wall with each contraction
    • Bradycardia- is a heart rate less than 60 beats per
    minute in an adult
    • Tachycardia - is a heart rate in excess of 100 beats
    per minute in an adult
    HAS PRELIM
    2nd
    Vital Signs NCMA111
    RESPIRATORY RATE
    • RESPIRATION is the act of breathing
    • TIDAL VOLUME = 500ML OF AIR

    MAJOR PHYSICAL PULMONARY FUNCTIONS


    ALTERED BREATHING PATTERN / SOUNDS • RATE o
    • VENTILATION - the inflow and outflow of air between
    Tachypnea  quick, shallow breathing o Bradypnea 
    the atmosphere and the lung alveoli
    • abnormally slow -the
    CIRCULATION o Apnea  cessation
    quantity of blood of breathing
    flowing o
    through
    the lungs isEupnea  normal4 breathing
    approximately to 6 L/min
    • DIFFUSION -the exchange of oxygen and carbon
    dioxide between the alveoli and the blood
    • TRANSPORT- the carrying of oxygen and carbon
    dioxide in the blood and body fluids to and from the
    cells

    ALTERED BREATHING PATTERN / SOUNDS


    ALTERED BREATHING PATTERN / SOUNDS • RATE o
    RATE
    Tachypnea  quick, shallow breathing o Bradypnea 
    • Tachypnea - quick, shallow breathing, more than
    20bpm slow o Apnea  cessation of breathing o
    abnormally
    • BradypneaEupnea  normal
    -abnormally slow,breathing
    below 12bpm
    • Apnea- cessation of breathing
    • Eupnea- normal breathing

    BLOOD PRESSURE
    • It is measured in terms of millimeters of mercury (mm
    Hg) and written in fraction form.
    • NORMAL VALUE is below 120 ( systolic ) and below
    80 ( diastolic )

    PERIPHERAL VASCULAR RESISTANCE


    • vasoconstriction = ↑ BP
    • vasodilation = ↓BP

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