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    Flow Plasticity

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    netname1
    1) Flow plasticity theory describes the behavior of materials beyond their elastic limit when they undergo plastic deformation. It relates the stress and strain tensors through yield surfaces and flow rules. 2) A key assumption is the associated flow rule, which states that the normal to the yield surface and the plastic strain increment have the same direction. 3) The consistency condition is also important and eliminates unknown parameters by stating that the stress remains on the yield surface during plastic loading.

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    Flow Plasticity

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    netname1
    17 views2 pages
    1) Flow plasticity theory describes the behavior of materials beyond their elastic limit when they undergo plastic deformation. It relates the stress and strain tensors through yield surfaces and flow rules. 2) A key assumption is the associated flow rule, which states that the normal to the yield surface and the plastic strain increment have the same direction. 3) The consistency condition is also important and eliminates unknown parameters by stating that the stress remains on the yield surface during plastic loading.

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    Flow plasticity

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    1) Flow plasticity theory describes the behavior of materials beyond their elastic limit when they undergo plastic deformation. It relates the stress and strain tensors through yield surfaces and flow rules. 2) A key assumption is the associated flow rule, which states that the normal to the yield surface and the plastic strain increment have the same direction. 3) The consistency condition is also important and eliminates unknown parameters by stating that the stress remains on the yield surface during plastic loading.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    17 views2 pages

    Flow Plasticity

    Uploaded by

    netname1
    1) Flow plasticity theory describes the behavior of materials beyond their elastic limit when they undergo plastic deformation. It relates the stress and strain tensors through yield surfaces and flow rules. 2) A key assumption is the associated flow rule, which states that the normal to the yield surface and the plastic strain increment have the same direction. 3) The consistency condition is also important and eliminates unknown parameters by stating that the stress remains on the yield surface during plastic loading.

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    of 2

    2/11/24, 7:27 PM Flow plasticity theory - Wikipedia

    The above requirements can be expressed in three dimensional states of stress and multidirectional
    loading as follows.

    Elasticity (Hooke's law). In the linear elastic regime the stresses and strains in the material are
    related by

    where the stiffness matrix is constant.

    Elastic limit (Yield surface). The elastic limit is defined by a yield surface that does not depend on
    the plastic strain and has the form

    Beyond the elastic limit. For strain hardening materials, the yield surface evolves with increasing
    plastic strain and the elastic limit changes. The evolving yield surface has the form

    Loading. For general states of stress, plastic loading is indicated if the state of stress is on the
    yield surface and the stress increment is directed toward the outside of the yield surface; this
    occurs if the inner product of the stress increment and the outward normal of the yield surface is
    positive, i.e.,

    The above equation, when it is equal to zero, indicates a state of neutral loading
    where the stress state moves along the yield surface.

    Unloading: A similar argument is made for unloading for which situation , the material is in
    the elastic domain, and

    Strain decomposition: The additive decomposition of the strain into elastic and plastic parts can
    be written as

    Stability postulate: The stability postulate is expressed as

    Flow rule

    In metal plasticity, the assumption that the plastic strain increment and deviatoric stress tensor have
    the same principal directions is encapsulated in a relation called the flow rule. Rock plasticity theories
    also use a similar concept except that the requirement of pressure-dependence of the yield surface
    requires a relaxation of the above assumption. Instead, it is typically assumed that the plastic strain
    increment and the normal to the pressure-dependent yield surface have the same direction, i.e.,
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_plasticity_theory 2/6
    2/11/24, 7:27 PM Flow plasticity theory - Wikipedia

    where is a hardening parameter. This form of the flow rule is called an associated flow rule
    and the assumption of co-directionality is called the normality condition. The function is also called
    a plastic potential.

    The above flow rule is easily justified for perfectly plastic deformations for which when
    , i.e., the yield surface remains constant under increasing plastic deformation. This implies
    that the increment of elastic strain is also zero, , because of Hooke's law. Therefore,

    Hence, both the normal to the yield surface and the plastic strain tensor are perpendicular to the
    stress tensor and must have the same direction.

    For a work hardening material, the yield surface can expand with increasing stress. We assume
    Drucker's second stability postulate which states that for an infinitesimal stress cycle this plastic work
    is positive, i.e.,

    The above quantity is equal to zero for purely elastic cycles. Examination of the work done over a cycle
    of plastic loading-unloading can be used to justify the validity of the associated flow rule.[2]

    Consistency condition

    The Prager consistency condition is needed to close the set of constitutive equations and to eliminate
    the unknown parameter from the system of equations. The consistency condition states that
    at yield because , and hence

    Large deformation theory


    Large deformation flow theories of plasticity typically start with one of the following assumptions:

    the rate of deformation tensor can be additively decomposed into an elastic part and a plastic part,
    or
    the deformation gradient tensor can be multiplicatively decomposed in an elastic part and a plastic
    part.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_plasticity_theory 3/6

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