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    Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature MIDTERM

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    joanaalpay
    Spanish colonial rule had a significant influence on Philippine literature. [1] Religious themes and forms from Spanish works were emulated. [2] The Spanish language became influential and many Spanish words were incorporated into Filipino languages. [3] Some of the first books printed in the Philippines were religious texts in Tagalog and other dialects, introducing Christian ideas to a wider audience.

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    Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature MIDTERM

    Uploaded by

    joanaalpay
    33 views24 pages
    Spanish colonial rule had a significant influence on Philippine literature. [1] Religious themes and forms from Spanish works were emulated. [2] The Spanish language became influential and many Spanish words were incorporated into Filipino languages. [3] Some of the first books printed in the Philippines were religious texts in Tagalog and other dialects, introducing Christian ideas to a wider audience.

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    Spanish-Colonial-Philippine-Literature-MIDTERM

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    Spanish colonial rule had a significant influence on Philippine literature. [1] Religious themes and forms from Spanish works were emulated. [2] The Spanish language became influential and many Spanish words were incorporated into Filipino languages. [3] Some of the first books printed in the Philippines were religious texts in Tagalog and other dialects, introducing Christian ideas to a wider audience.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views24 pages

    Spanish Colonial Philippine Literature MIDTERM

    Uploaded by

    joanaalpay
    Spanish colonial rule had a significant influence on Philippine literature. [1] Religious themes and forms from Spanish works were emulated. [2] The Spanish language became influential and many Spanish words were incorporated into Filipino languages. [3] Some of the first books printed in the Philippines were religious texts in Tagalog and other dialects, introducing Christian ideas to a wider audience.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 24

    Spanish Colonial

    Philippine
    Literature
    When the Spaniards came, there was an
    immediate shift on the focus of literature. It
    became centered on the Christian faith, and
    the stories about natural phenomena suddenly
    became all about the lives of saints and other
    religious hymns. Slowly, Philippine literature
    started to emulate the traditional Spanish ways
    of themes and forms in writing, including the
    repetitive plots and obvious shadowy characters.
    A. Spanish Influences on Philippine
    Literature
    Due to the long period of colonization of the Philippines by the Spaniards, they have
    exerted a strong influence on our literature.
    1. The first Filipino alphabet called BAYBAYIN was replaced by the Roman alphabet.
    2. The teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.
    3. The Spanish language which became the literary language during this time lent
    many of its words to our language.
    4. European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs,
    corridos, and moro-moros.
    5. Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog and other dialects.
    6. Many grammar books were printed in Filipino, like Tagalog, Ilocano and
    Visayan.
    7. Our periodicals during these times gained a religious tone.
    B. THE FIRST BOOKS
    1. ANG DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA ( THE CHRISTIAN
    DOCTRINE): This was the first book printed in the Philippines.
    It was written by Fr. Juan de Placencia and Fr. Domingo Nieva,
    in Tagalog and Spanish.

     It contained the Pater Noster ( Our Father) Ave Maria ( Hail Mary), Regina
    Coeli (Hail Holy Queen), the Ten Commandments of God, the Commandents of
    the Catholic Church, the Seven Mortal Sins, How to Confess, and the
    Catechism.
    2. Nuestra Senora del Rosario:
    The second book printed in the
    Philippines was written by Fr. Blancas
    de San Jose in 1602, and printed at the
    UST Printing Press with the help of
    Juan De Vera, a Chinese mestizo. It
    contains the biographies of saints,
    novenas, and questions and answers on
    religion.
    3. Libro de los Cuatro Postprimeras de Hombre (in
    Spanish and Tagalog). This is printed in typography.
    4.Barlaan at Josephat: This is a biblical story printed in the
    Philippines and translated to Tagalog from Greek by Fr. Antonio de
    Borja. It is believed that to be the first Tagalog novel published in
    the Philippines even if it’s only a translation.
    5. The Pasion: This is a book about
    the life and sufferings of Jesus
    Christ. It is read only during Lent.
    There were 4 versions of this
    in Tagalog and each version is
    according to the name of the writer.
    These are the Pilapil version (by Mariano Pilapil of
    Bulacan, 1814), the de Belen version (by Gaspar Aquino
    de Belen of Bat. in 1704), the de la Merced (by Aniceto de
    la Merced of Norzagaray, Bulacan in 1856) and the de
    Guia version (by Luis de Guia in 1750). Critics are not
    agreed whether it is the Pilapil or the de la Merced
    version which is the most popular.
    The dela Merced version is in octosyllabic
    verse with 5 verses to the stanza.
    Maawai't mapagkupkop
    O Diyos sa kalangitan
    Sa taong lupa't alabok.
    Hari ng Sangkalupaan
    Diyos na walang kapantay
    Mabait, lubhang maalam
    Iyong itulot sa amin
    at puno ng karunungan.
    Diyos Amang maawain,
    Mangyaring aming dalitin
    Ikaw na Amang Tumobos
    Hirap, sakit at hilahil
    Na nangungulilang lubos
    Ng Anak mong ginigiliw
    Amang di matapus-tapos
    Chanters may take 2-4 nights singing the
    Pasion with the chanters taking turns in
    shifts of 3-4 hours each. It has been translated
    into every principal dialect-Ilocano, Ibanag,
    Pampango, Bicol, and Visayan version.
    5. Urbana at Felisa: a book by
    Modesto de Castro, the so- called
    Father of Classic Prose in
    Tagalog. These are letters
    between two sisters Urbana at
    Felisa and has influenced
    greatly the behavior of people in
    society because the letters dealt
    with good behavior.
    6. Ang Mga Dalit kay Maria (Psalms for Mary): a
    collection of songs praising the Virgin Mary. Fr. Mariano
    Sevilla, a Filipino priest, wrote this in 1865 and it was
    popular
    C. LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
    1. Arte y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala: (Art and rules of the
    Tagalog language) written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose and
    translated to Tagalog by Tomas Pinpin in 1610.
    2. Compendio de la Lengua Tagala (Understanding the
    Tagalog language), written by Fr. Gaspar de San Agustin in 1703.
    3. Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (Tagalog vocabulary): the
    first Tagalog dictionary written by Fr. Pedro de San Buenaventura
    in 1613.
    4. Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampanga (Pampango
    vocabulary): the first book in Pampango written by Fr. Diego in
    1732.
    5. Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya (Bisayan
    vocabulary): the best language book in Visayan by Mateo
    Sanchez in 1711.
    6. Arte de la Lengua Ilokana ( The Art of the Ilocano
    language): the first Ilocano grammar book by Franciso
    Lopez.
    7. Arte de la Lengua Bicolana (The Art of the Bicol
    language): the first book in Nicol language and written
    by Fr. Marcos Lisbon in 1754.
    D. Recreational Plays
    1. Tibag- The word tibag means to excavate. This ritual was brought here by
    the Spaniards to remind the people about the search of St. Helena for the
    Cross on which Jesus died.
    2. Lagaylay- this is a special occasion for the Pilareños of Sorsogon during
    May time to get together. As early as April, the participating ladies are
    chosen and sometimes, mothers volunteer their girls in order to fulfill a
    vow made during an illness or for a favor received.

    In some parts of Bicol, a different presentation is made but the objective is


    the same – praise, respect and offering of love to the Blessed Cross by St.
    Helen on the mound she had dug I
    3. The Cenaculo – this is a dramatic performance to commemorate the
    passion and death of Jesus Christ.
    4. Panunuluyan – this is presented before 12:00 on Christmas Eve. This is a
    presentation of the search of the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph for an inn wherein to
    deliver the baby Jesus

    6. Carillo (Shadow Play) – this is a form of dramatic entertainment performed on a


    moonless night during a town fiesta or on dark nights after a harvest.

    This shadow play is made by projecting cardboard figures before a lamp against a white
    sheet. The figures are moved like marionettes whose dialogues are produced by some
    experts. The dialogues are drawn from a Corrido or Awit or some religious play
    interspersed with songs.

    These are called by various names in different places: Carillo in Manila, Rizal and
    Batangas and Laguan; TITRES in Ilocos Norte, Pangasinan, Bataa, Capiz and Negros;
    TITIRI in Zambales; GAGALO or KIKIMUT in Pampanga and Tarlac; and ALIALA in
    La Union.
    7. The Zarzuela – considered the father of the drama; it is a
    musical comedy or melodrama three acts which dealt with man’s
    passions and emotions like love, hate, revenge, cruelty, avarice or
    some social or political proble.

    8. The Sainete – this was a short musical comedy popular during


    the 18 th century. They were exaggerated comedies shown between
    acts of long plays and were mostly performed by characters from
    the lower classes. Themes were taken from everyday life
    scenarios.
    E. THE MORO-MORO.

    Like the Cenaculo, the Moro-moro is presented also on a


    special stage. This is performed during town fiestas to entertain the
    people and to remind them of their Christian religion. The plot is
    usually the same that of a Christian princess or a nobleman’s
    daughter who is captured by the Mohammedans.
    The father organizes a rescue party where fighting between
    the Moros and the Christians ensue. The Mohammedans are
    defeated by some miracle or Divine Intercession and the
    Mohammedans are converted to Christianity. In some instances,
    the whole kingdom is baptized and converted. One example of this
    is Prinsipe Rodante.
    F. KARAGATAN.
    This is a poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature
    celebrated during the death of a person. In this contest, more or
    less formal, a ritual is performed based on a legend about a
    princess who dropped her ring into the middle of the sea and
    who offered here hand in marriage to anyone who can retrieve it.

    A leader starts off with an extemporaneous poem


    announcing the purpose. He then spins a “lumbo” o “tabo”
    marked with a white line. Whoever comes in the direction of the
    white line when the spinning stops gets his turn to “go into the
    sea to look for the ring.” This means a girl will ask him a riddle
    and if he is able to answer, he will offer the ring to the girl.
    G. DUPLO

    The Duplo replace the Karagatan. This is


    a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning. The
    roles are taken from the Bible and from
    proverbs and saying. It is usually played during
    wakes for the dead.
    H. THE BALAGTASAN.

    This is a poetic joust or a contest of skills in


    debate on a particular topic or issue.
    This is replaced the DUPLO and is held to
    honor Francisco “Balagtas” Baltazar.
    I. THE DUNG-AW
    This is a chant in free verse by a bereaved person or his
    representative beside the corpse of the dead. No definite meter or
    rhyming scheme is used. The person chanting it freely recites in
    poetic rhythm according to his feelings, emotions and thoughts.

    It is personalized and usually deals with the life,


    sufferings and sacrifices of the dead and includes apologies for
    his misdeeds.

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