Smart Restroom Monitoring Stage 1

Project Stage-1 Report
On
“Smart Public Restroom Monitoring system”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

the Degree of
Bachelor of Engineering
in
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
by
Shivtai Shirgire
Swati Jadhav
Jyoti misal
Under the guidance of

Prof ,Palak Desai
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Dhole Patil

College of Engineering
Savitribai Phule Pune University
A.Y. 2023-2023
Certificate
This is to certify that the project entitled “Smart Public Restroom Monitoring system”
submitted by Shivtai Shirgire (PRN: Shivtai Shirgire), Swati Jadhav (PRN: 72205392E) and Jyoti
misal (PRN: 72205392E) is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under the guidance of
Dr.Prof. Omprakash Rajankar in the fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Engineering, in Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering course of Savitribai
Phule Pune University in the academic year 2023-24.
Certified by
Prof. Palak Desai Dr.B.E.Shinde

Project Guide Project Coordinator
Dr.O.S.Rajankar Dr.B.M.Shinde
Head of Department Principal
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Wagholi, Pune- 412207
November 2023
Project Stage-1 Approval Certificate
This is to certify that the project entitled “Smart Public Restroom Monitoring system” by Shivtai
Shirgire (PRN: Shivtai Shirgire), Swati Jadhav (PRN: 72205392E) and Jyoti misal (PRN: 72205392E)
is approved for the Project stage-1.
External Examiner Internal Examiner
(signature) (signature)
Name: Name:
Date: Date:
(Acknowledgement Stamp)
Statement by the Candidates
We wish to state that the work embodied in this project titled “Smart Public Restroom Monitoring
system” forms our own contribution to the work carried out under the guidance of Prof. Omprakash
Rajankar, at the Dhole Patil College of Engineering. We declare that this written submission
represents our ideas in our own words and where others ideas or words have been included, We have
adequately cited and referenced the original sources. We also declare that we have adhered to all
principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified
any idea/data/fact/source in our submission.
(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

Shivtai Shirgire Swati Jadhav
(PRN: 72154119E) (PRN: 72205392E)
(Candidate Signature)
Jyoti misal
(PRN 72205396H)
Acknowledgment
We express my gratitude to my guide & HOD Prof. Omprakash Rajankar. He has been much
focused and has aided for all the essential material needed for completing this project successfully. He
has helped me to explore this topic in organized manner.
We are also thankful to Dr. Bhausaheb E. Shinde, project coordinator for extending necessary help and
time to time valuable guidance.
No words could be enough to express our deep gratitude to respected Principal,
Dr. B. M. Shinde for his kind blessings, inspiration and the necessary support whenever needed.
We would also like to express our sincere thanks to all the staff members of
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering department who were always there in the need of the
hour and provide all the help and facilities, which we required to complete the task. Also all those
including our classmates who directly or indirectly encouraged us, helped us, in accomplishment of
the present work.
(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

Shivtai Shirgire Swati Jadhav
(PRN: 72154119E) (PRN: 72205392E)
(Candidate Signature)
Jyoti misal
(PRN: 72205392E)
Smart Public Restroom Monitoring system
ABSTRACT
Hygiene in many public toilets, especially in low-income areas, is a major concern due to
poor ventilation and lack of maintenance. Governments often invest significant amounts of
resources to keep these public toilets hygienic, but these efforts can be futile if there is no
central system to monitor hygiene conditions. In many parts of the world, including India,
sanitation is not up to the mark, with a lack of clean and ventilated public toilets, leading to
health problems. To solve this problem, a low-cost hygiene monitoring device based on air
quality standards can be developed. This paper presents the development of an “IoT Enabled
Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device for Public Restrooms/ Toilets”. The
device is designed to monitor and regulate the air quality in public toilets up to some extent.
The device utilizes the ESP8266 microcontroller and MQ gas sensors to detect the presence
of harmful gases, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, etc. along
with some other parameters like temperature and humidity. This device also includes an
exhaust fan control system to maintain the air quality.
Keywords - Internet of Things, Public Toilet Hygiene, Air quality monitoring, ESP8266
microcontroller, MQ gas sensors, Portable.
INDEX
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
NO. NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW 2
1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVES 3
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 5
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT 9
3 METHODOLOGY 10
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 11
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 13
4 REQUIREMENTS 15
4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT 16
4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT 26
5 SIMULATION & FLOWCHART 28
5.1 SIMULATION 29
5.2 FLOWCHART 30
6 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 32
6.1 ADVANTAGES 33
6.2 DISADVANTAGES 34
7 APPLICATIONS & FUTURE SCOPE 36
7.1 APPLICATIONS 37
7.2 FUTURE SCOPE 38
8 CONCLUSION 49
9 REFERENCES 51
Contents
Fig. No. Title Page No.
3.1 Block Diagram of system 11
3.2 Circuit Diagram 13
4.1.1.a Node MCU ESP8266 16
4.1.1.b ESP8266 Pin Diagram 17
4.1.2 Mq2 Gas Sensor 18
4.1.6 DHT-11 Digital Temperature and Humidity Sensor 22
4.1.7 OLED Display 23
4.1.8 16-Channel Analog MUX 24
4.1.9 Buzzer 25
4.1.10 Jumper Wires 25
4.2.1 Arduino IDE 26
5.1 Working Simulation 29
5.2 Flowchart 30
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page No.
4.1.2 Rating of MQ2 gas sensor 19
4.1.6 Rating of DHT-11 Digital Temperature and Humidity 22
Sensor
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
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1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW
In recent years, there has been a growing concern about air quality and its impact on
public health. Indoor air pollution, particularly in public restrooms and toilets, is a significant
issue that can adversely affect the well-being of individuals. Unpleasant odors, harmful gases,
and high humidity levels not only create discomfort but also contribute to the spread of diseases
and infections. To address these challenges, there is a need for an innovative solution that
enables real-time monitoring and control of air quality in public restrooms/toilets.
In this project, we present an IoT-enabled portable air-quality monitoring and control device
specifically designed for public restrooms/toilets. The primary objective of this device is to
monitor the concentration of gases, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and
methane, as well as temperature and humidity levels, ensuring a safe and comfortable
environment for users. The device utilizes state-of-the-art components, including the
NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, an OLED display for data visualization, gas sensors
(MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, and MQ7) for accurate gas detection, a DTH11 sensor for temperature
and humidity measurement, and a 16 channel Analog MUX to expand the analog pin count.
Moreover, our device incorporates a ventilation control system to actively manage the air
quality based on the measured parameters. By intelligently adjusting the ventilation, it aims to
remove pollutants, control humidity levels, and provide a pleasant restroom experience for
users. The device is also equipped with IoT capabilities, utilizing the ThinkSpeak website for
data transmission and remote monitoring.
Using software programmers like Proteus, Arduino IDE, and MATLAB, thorough simulations
were carried out to ensure the efficacy and dependability of our gadget. We were able to
confirm the precision of the data for temperature, humidity, and gas detection as well as the
correct operation of the ventilation control system thanks to the simulations. The outcomes of
these simulations gave us useful information that helped us design and build our device.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we will present the detailed methodology, including
the design and calibration of the sensors, as well as the integration of the components. We will
then discuss the results obtained from real-world testing and evaluation of the device's
performance. Finally, we will conclude with a discussion of the potential applications and
2
future enhancements
3
of our IoT-enabled portable air-quality monitoring and control device for public
restrooms/toilets.
Overall, this project aims to provide an innovative solution to tackle the air quality challenges
in public restrooms/toilets, ensuring a healthy and comfortable environment for users. By
leveraging IoT technology, we envision a future where air quality monitoring and control
become integral components of public health and hygiene management.
1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this project is to develop an IoT-enabled portable air-quality monitoring
and control device for public restrooms/toilets. The device aims to address the issues of poor air
quality, high humidity levels, and unpleasant odors in these environments by providing real-
time monitoring, accurate gas detection, active ventilation control, and email alerts. The
specific objectives of this project are as follows:
1. Design and implement a compact and portable device that can effectively measure and
monitor the concentration of gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,
methane, and other relevant pollutants in public restrooms/toilets.
2. Integrate a temperature and humidity sensor into the device to ensure optimal comfort
levels and prevent the growth of bacteria and mold.
3. Develop a user-friendly OLED display to visualize the air quality data, including gas
concentrations, temperature, and humidity readings.
4. Implement an IoT infrastructure using the ThinkSpeak website to enable remote

monitoring and data transmission, allowing facility managers to monitor the air quality
in real-time and take necessary actions when required.
5. Incorporate a ventilation control system that automatically adjusts the airflow based on
the measured parameters, ensuring the timely removal of pollutants and the maintenance
of optimal air quality levels.
6. Integrate an email alert feature that sends notifications to designated recipients, such as
facility managers or maintenance staff, when the air quality parameters exceed
predefined thresholds or when system malfunctions occur.
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7. Calibrate the gas sensors and validate their accuracy and reliability through simulations
and real-world testing to ensure the device provides precise and consistent
measurements.
8. Evaluate the performance of the developed device in real-world scenarios, including

public restrooms/toilets, to assess its effectiveness in improving air quality and
providing a comfortable environment for users.
By achieving these objectives, this project aims to contribute to the development of innovative
solutions for air quality monitoring and control in public restrooms/toilets, enhancing the
overall well-being and health of individuals using these facilities, and enabling prompt response
and maintenance through email alerts.
5
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
6
2.1 LITERATURE SURVEY
Title: Intelligent Hygiene Monitoring System for Public Toilets.
Authors: Nikhil P. M., Rakshith R. P., Shreyas G., Sushmitha, and Sathisha.
The research paper highlights the significance of ensuring hygienic conditions in public toilets,
emphasizing the importance of real-time monitoring and timely intervention. The authors
propose an intelligent monitoring system that employs various sensors and technologies to
assess the cleanliness status of toilets. They describe the implementation of sensors such as gas
sensors for odor detection, occupancy sensors for monitoring usage, and humidity sensors for
assessing moisture levels.
The study showcases the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed system through
experimental evaluations and data analysis. The authors provide detailed insights into the
system's architecture, data acquisition methods, and the integration of sensor data for
comprehensive hygiene assessment. The results demonstrate the system's ability to accurately
detect and identify unclean conditions, enabling prompt maintenance and ensuring a clean and
hygienic environment for users.
Title: IoT Based Washroom Feedback System for Quality Monitoring.
Authors: Shah, Siroya, Prusty, Kavedia, and Hatekar.
The paper highlights the significance of collecting real-time feedback from users to ensure the
cleanliness and functionality of washroom facilities. The authors propose an IoT-based system
that utilizes various sensors and devices to capture user feedback and monitor key parameters
such as cleanliness, availability of essential amenities, and overall user satisfaction. They
describe the architecture of the system, which incorporates sensors for occupancy detection,
temperature and humidity monitoring, and user feedback mechanisms.
The study showcases the practical implementation and evaluation of the IoT-based washroom
feedback system. The authors provide detailed insights into the data collection process, analysis
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techniques, and the use of machine learning algorithms to derive meaningful insights from the
collected data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in identifying areas that
require attention and in providing valuable feedback for facility management.
Title: Development of an IoT-Based System for Monitoring and Controlling Air Quality in
Public Toilets.
Authors: Das and Roy
The study highlights the importance of monitoring air quality in public toilets to ensure the well-being
and comfort of users. The authors propose an IoT-based system that integrates various sensors to
monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, particulate matter, and gas concentrations. They
describe the architecture and implementation details of the system, including sensor selection, data
acquisition, and cloud-based data storage and analysis.
The research paper presents experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the IoT system
in real-time monitoring and control of air quality in public toilets. The authors discuss the data
analysis techniques employed to interpret sensor readings and provide actionable insights for
maintaining optimal air quality conditions. They also discuss the system's ability to trigger automated
control mechanisms such as ventilation systems or air purifiers to mitigate air pollution levels.
Title: An IoT-Based System for Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Air Quality in Public Toilets
Authors: Gupta, Saini, and Singla.
The study emphasizes the importance of real-time monitoring and control of air quality in
public toilets to ensure the well-being and comfort of users. The authors propose an IoT-based
system that integrates various sensors to monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity,
carbon dioxide levels, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). They describe the architecture
of the system, including the sensor network, data acquisition methods, and the cloud-based data
processing and control framework.
The research paper presents experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the IoT
system in monitoring and controlling air quality in real-time. The authors discuss the data
analysis techniques used to interpret sensor readings and trigger appropriate control actions.
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They
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highlight the system's ability to automate ventilation and air purification systems based on the
detected air quality parameters, thus ensuring a healthier and more comfortable environment for
restroom users.
Title: IoT-Based System for Monitoring and Controlling Air Quality in Public Toilets
Authors: Saleem, Alkhambashi, Siddiqui, Al-Absi, and Tahir.
The paper highlights the importance of real-time monitoring and control of air quality
parameters in public toilets to ensure the well-being and satisfaction of users. The authors
propose an IoT- based system that incorporates various sensors to measure parameters such as
temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). They provide
a detailed description of the system architecture, sensor selection, data acquisition, and cloud-
based data processing and control.
The experimental results presented in the paper demonstrate the effectiveness of the IoT system
in monitoring and controlling air quality in public toilets. The authors discuss the data analysis
techniques used to interpret the sensor data and trigger appropriate control actions. They
highlight the system's ability to regulate ventilation systems and air purifiers in response to the
detected air quality levels, ensuring a healthier and more pleasant environment for restroom
users.
Title: IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System for Public Toilets with Real-Time
Alerting Mechanism.
Authors: Banerjee and Saha.
The paper emphasizes the significance of monitoring air quality in public toilets to ensure a
healthy and comfortable environment for users. The authors propose an IoT-based system that
integrates various sensors to measure parameters such as temperature, humidity, carbon
dioxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The system is designed to continuously
monitor these parameters and transmit the data to a centralized platform for analysis.
The study article outlines how the real-time warning system and Internet of Things-based air
quality monitoring system were implemented. The system for producing warnings when air
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quality parameters surpass predetermined criteria is covered by the authors along with
communication protocols, data processing methods, and alert generation mechanisms. They
also highlight the importance of timely notifications to facility managers, enabling them to take
necessary actions for ensuring a clean and healthy restroom environment.
The research paper also emphasizes the significance of the real-time alerting mechanism. The
authors explain how alerts are generated and transmitted to relevant stakeholders, such as
facility managers or maintenance personnel, through various communication channels. The
timely notifications help ensure that immediate actions are taken to address any air quality
issues and maintain a clean and healthy restroom environment for users.
2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The project aims to address the problem of poor air quality and inadequate ventilation in public
restrooms/toilets by developing an IoT-enabled portable air-quality monitoring and control
device. This device will utilize gas sensors to measure ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon
monoxide, methane, and other gases, as well as temperature and humidity levels. It will feature
an OLED display for real-time data visualization and a ventilation control system to improve
air circulation. Additionally, the device will incorporate email alert functionality to notify
designated personnel when air quality thresholds are exceeded or system malfunctions occur,
ensuring prompt action and maintenance.
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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
12
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 3.1: - Block Diagram of system
The block diagram consists of the following components:
1. Gas Sensors (MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, MQ7): These sensors are responsible for detecting
and measuring various gases, including ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,
methane, and others. They provide input signals based on the gas concentration levels.
2. Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DTH11): This sensor measures the ambient
temperature and humidity of the environment. It provides accurate readings for
monitoring the comfort level and air quality.
3. NodeMCU ESP8266: This microcontroller serves as the brain of the system,
responsible for collecting data from the gas sensors and temperature/humidity sensor. It
processes the data and controls the overall operation of the device.
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4. 16-Channel Analog MUX: The 16-channel Analog Multiplexer (MUX) is a component

that extends the analog pin count of the microcontroller. It allows multiple analog
signals from the gas sensors and other sensors to be efficiently connected to a single
analog input pin of the NodeMCU ESP8266, reducing the number of required pins and
simplifying the design.
5. OLED Display: The OLED display module is used to present the real-time data
collected from the sensors. It provides visual feedback, allowing users to monitor the air
quality parameters and other relevant information.
6. Ventilation Control: The ventilation control system regulates the airflow within the
public restrooms/toilets. It can be automatically adjusted based on the air quality
readings. When poor air quality is detected, the ventilation control system can activate
to enhance air circulation and improve the overall environment.
7. ThinkSpeak IoT Platform: This platform serves as the interface between the device
and the internet. It allows for data transmission and remote monitoring of air quality
parameters. It enables the device to send data to the ThinkSpeak website for storage and
analysis.
8. Email Alert System: The email alert system is integrated into the device to provide
notifications to designated personnel when critical air quality levels are reached or
system malfunctions occur. It ensures timely response and appropriate action to
maintain a healthy and safe environment.
9. Buzzer: The buzzer is used as an alert measure to provide audible notifications when
certain thresholds are exceeded or critical conditions are detected. It helps to draw
attention and prompt action in case of poor air quality.
10. Power Supply: The block diagram includes connections for the power supply, which in
this case is a 10000 mAh rechargeable battery. It provides the necessary power for the
microcontroller, sensors, display, and other components of the device.
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3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Figure 3.2: Circuit Diagram
The circuit diagram showcases the interconnection of various components in the air-quality
monitoring and control device.
1. NodeMCU ESP8266: This serves as the central microcontroller unit of the device. It
receives data from the sensors, processes it, and controls the overall operation. It is
responsible for data logging, communication with the display and ThinkSpeak website,
and controlling the ventilation system.
2. Gas Sensors (MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, MQ7): These gas sensors are connected to the
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analog input pins of the NodeMCU ESP8266. Each sensor measures a specific gas and
provides an analog voltage output proportional to the gas concentration. These signals
are fed into the analog multiplexer.
3. Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DTH11): The DTH11 sensor is connected to the
digital input pin of the NodeMCU ESP8266. It measures the ambient temperature and
humidity levels and provides digital readings to the microcontroller.
4. 16-Channel Analog MUX: The analog multiplexer expands the analog input capability
of the microcontroller. The output channels of the gas sensors are connected to the input
channels of the MUX. The control pins of the MUX are connected to the
microcontroller, enabling the selection of specific channels for measurement.
5. OLED Display: The OLED display module is connected to the NodeMCU ESP8266
via the I2C communication protocol. It receives data from the microcontroller and
displays real-time air quality information such as gas concentrations, temperature, and
humidity levels.
6. Buzzer: The buzzer is connected to a digital output pin of the NodeMCU ESP8266. It is
used as an audible alert measure to notify users when certain predefined thresholds of
gas concentrations or critical conditions are exceeded.
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CHAPTER 4
REQUIREMENTS
15
4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
1. NodeMCU ESP8266
The NodeMCU ESP8266 is a versatile and popular development board widely used in
Internet of Things (IoT) projects. It combines the power of an ESP8266 Wi-Fi chip with a
microcontroller, making it an ideal choice for building connected devices and prototypes.
The NodeMCU board features a compact size, low power consumption, and a rich set of
built-in functionalities that simplify the development process.
With the NodeMCU ESP8266, developers can leverage the robust Wi-Fi capabilities to
connect their devices to the internet and interact with cloud platforms or other networked
devices. The board supports a range of communication protocols, allowing seamless
integration into existing networks and systems. Its compatibility with various development
environments, such as Arduino IDE and NodeMCU firmware, enables programmers to
leverage familiar tools and libraries for coding and rapid prototyping.
Figure 4.1.1.a: NodeMCU ESP8266
One of the notable advantages of the NodeMCU ESP8266 is its extensive community
support and a vast ecosystem of resources. The online community provides a wealth of
documentation, tutorials, and sample projects, making it easier for beginners to get started
and experienced developers to explore advanced functionalities. Furthermore, the NodeMCU
board offers a high level of flexibility, allowing users to easily connect sensors, actuators,
and other peripherals through its GPIO pins, expanding the possibilities for IoT applications.
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Figure 4.1.1.b: ESP8266 Pin Diagram
The pin diagram of the NodeMCU ESP8266 provides an overview of the different pins
available on the board and their corresponding functions. Understanding these pins is crucial
for effectively utilizing the capabilities of the board and interfacing it with external
components.
1. VIN (Voltage Input): This pin allows you to supply power to the NodeMCU board. It
can accept a voltage range of 4.5V to 9V.
2. GND (Ground): These pins are connected to the ground, providing the reference point
for the board's electrical signals.
3. 3V3 (3.3V Output): This pin provides a regulated 3.3V output, which can be used to
power external sensors or other devices that require a lower voltage level.
4. RX (Receive) and TX (Transmit): These pins are used for serial communication. RX
is the receive pin for receiving data from other devices, while TX is the transmit pin
for sending data from the NodeMCU board.
5. GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) Pins: The NodeMCU ESP8266 offers multiple
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GPIO pins, typically labeled as D0, D1, D2, and so on. These pins can be used as
both digital inputs and outputs, allowing you to interface with various components
such as sensors, actuators, and display modules.
6. SDA and SCL: These pins are used for I2C communication, which is a popular
protocol for connecting multiple devices in a network.
7. A0: This pin is an analog input pin, allowing you to read analog voltage values from
sensors or potentiometers.
Understanding the pin diagram of the NodeMCU ESP8266 enables you to make the
appropriate connections and utilize the available pins for your specific project requirements.
Referencing the pin diagram and the board's documentation will help you effectively
interface the NodeMCU ESP8266 with other hardware components.
2. MQ2 GAS SENSOR
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the several gases that the MQ2 gas sensor is used to detect. It
is a compact, reasonably priced, and very sensitive sensor that may be very important for
maintaining safety and keeping track of air quality in various settings.
Chemical reaction detection is the basis for the MQ2 gas sensor's operation. It is made up of
a sensing component that engages with the target gas and affects how electrically conductible
it is. Specifically, a chemical process that involves carbon dioxide causes the MQ2 sensor to
experience a detectable change in resistance. A microcontroller or other electronic device can
then process this change by converting it into an electrical signal.
Figure 4.1.2: MQ2 GAS SENSOR
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Table 4.1.2: - Rating of MQ2 gas sensor
Sr .no Specification Rating

1 Operating Voltage +3V to +5V
2 Power Use 800mW
3 Detection Concentration Range 200 10000 ppm
3. MQ4 GAS SENSOR
The MQ4 gas sensor is a commonly used component for detecting methane gas. It is a
compact and cost-effective sensor known for its high sensitivity and reliability in
detecting this flammable gas. The MQ4 sensor plays a crucial role in various applications
where monitoring methane levels is essential for safety and environmental concerns.
On the basis of a chemical reaction detecting mechanism, the MQ4 gas sensor works. It is
made up of a sensing component that engages with the target gas and affects how electrically
conductible it is. Methane causes a chemical reaction that changes the MQ4 sensor's
resistance when it comes into touch with it. A microcontroller or other electronic device may
then analyse and interpret this change in resistance by converting it into an electrical signal.
Figure 4.1.3: - MQ4 gas sensor
Sr. No. Specification Rating

1 Detection Gas Methane
3 Detection Concentration Range 0 to 1000 ppm
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4. MQ135 GAS SENSOR
Ammonia (NH3) is one of the many gases that may be detected with the MQ135 gas sensor.
It is a small, flexible sensor that is renowned for its accuracy and dependability in detecting
dangerous gases and air quality. When detecting and monitoring ammonia levels is necessary
for safety, environmental management, or industrial operations, the MQ135 sensor is
indispensable.
The MQ135 gas sensor is sensitive to a variety of gases in addition to ammonia, such as
nitrogen oxides (NOx), alcohol vapors, benzene, and smoke. Due to its adaptability, it may
be used in a variety of settings, including agricultural, environmental management, industrial
gas leak detection, and indoor air quality monitoring.
Figure 4.1.4: MQ135 gas sensor

2 Detection Gas Ammonia
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5. MQ7 GAS SENSOR
The MQ7 gas sensor is a commonly used component for detecting carbon monoxide (CO)
gas. It is a compact and reliable sensor known for its high sensitivity and accuracy in
monitoring this toxic gas. The MQ7 sensor plays a crucial role in various applications where
detecting and monitoring CO levels is essential for safety and preventing carbon monoxide
poisoning.
The carbon monoxide detection capability of the MQ7 gas sensor is enhanced by its high
sensitivity to this gas. It is frequently employed in systems for residential and commercial
CO detection, car emission monitoring, and fire detection. It is a useful instrument for
preventing carbon monoxide-related mishaps and guaranteeing the safety of people in a
variety of locations because of its capacity to detect CO correctly and promptly.
Figure 4.1.5: - MQ7 gas sensor

2 Detection Gas Carbon Monoxide
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6. DHT-11 DIGITAL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR:
A popular and reasonably priced digital temperature and humidity sensor is the DHT-11. It
is a small, simple-to-use module that gives precise readings of the surrounding temperature
and relative humidity. The DHT-11 sensor is a flexible option for several applications that
call for monitoring and managing environmental conditions since it has an integrated
thermistor and capacitive humidity sensor.
With its simple interface and wide voltage input range, the DHT-11 sensor can be easily
integrated into microcontroller-based projects. It communicates with the host device using a
single-wire digital interface, simplifying the wiring and reducing the complexity of the
circuit. The sensor provides reliable temperature measurements in the range of 0°C to 50°C
with an accuracy of ±2°C, and humidity measurements in the range of 20% to 90% with an
accuracy of ±5%.
Figure 4.6: - DHT-11 Digital Sensor
Table 4.6: - Rating of MQ7 gas sensor

1 Power Supply 3.3~5.5V DC
2 Accuracy Humidity +-5%RH
Temperature +-
2℃
3 Measurement Range Humidity 20-90%RH
Temperature 0~50℃
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7. OLED Display 0.96" I2C 128x64 SSD1306 white
The OLED display 0.96" I2C 128x64 SSD1306 is a popular and compact display module that
offers a high-resolution output in a small form factor. It utilizes OLED (Organic Light-
Emitting Diode) technology, which provides crisp and vibrant visuals with excellent contrast
and wide viewing angles. The display has a resolution of 128x64 pixels, allowing for clear
and detailed graphics or text.
One of the standout features of the OLED display 0.96" I2C 128x64 SSD1306 is its
compatibility with the I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) communication protocol. This simplifies
the wiring and reduces the number of pins required to connect the display to a
microcontroller or development board. With I2C, the display can be easily controlled and
data can be transferred, making it convenient for projects with limited space or complex
wiring setups.
The OLED display is commonly used in various applications such as wearable devices, IoT
projects, and digital instruments. Its compact size and low power consumption make it
suitable for portable and battery-powered applications. With its high-resolution output and
I2C interface, the OLED display 0.96" I2C 128x64 SSD1306 provides an efficient and
visually appealing solution for incorporating display capabilities into projects requiring clear
and detailed information presentation.
.
Figure 4.1.7: OLED Display
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8. 16-Channel Analog/Digital MUX Breakout - CD74HC4067
A flexible and frequently used multiplexer integrated circuit (IC), the 16-Channel Analogue
MUX - CD74HC4067. It enables you to link numerous analogue input signals to a single
output, substantially increasing the number of inputs that a microcontroller or other digital
device can monitor or manage. The CD74HC4067 offers a versatile option for tasks requiring
effective analogue signal switching because it can handle up to 16 channels.
The ease of use of the 16-Channel Analogue MUX - CD74HC4067 is one of its main
benefits. It has an easy-to-use interface and is manageable with digital signals from a
microcontroller. Digital control pins are used to choose the MUX channels, enabling smooth
switching between various input sources. The CD74HC4067 offers minimal signal
deterioration and precise transmission of analogue data because to its high-speed operation
and low ON-resistance.
Figure 4.1.8: 16-Channel Analog MUX
9. PIEZO ELECTRIC BUZZER
The piezo electric buzzer is a small and compact electronic component that is commonly
used for generating audible alerts, notifications, or warning sounds in various applications. It
operates based on the piezoelectric effect, where an electrical voltage applied to the buzzer
causes the piezoelectric material inside to vibrate and produce sound waves.
Overall, the piezo electric buzzer is a versatile and efficient component that provides audible
26
27
signals and alerts in a wide range of applications. Its compact size, low power consumption,
and reliability make it a popular choice for designers and engineers seeking a cost-effective
solution for generating sound output.
Figure 4.1.9: Buzzer
10. JUMPER WIRES
Jumper wires are essential components in electronics and prototyping projects. They are
flexible, insulated wires with connectors on both ends, allowing for easy and temporary
connections between electronic components, such as microcontrollers, sensors, and
breadboards.
Jumper wires serve as bridges that enable the transfer of electrical signals and power between
different points on a circuit. They eliminate the need for soldering and provide a convenient
way to establish connections quickly and efficiently. The connectors on the ends of jumper
wires can be pins, sockets, or clips, depending on the specific application and the type of
connection required.
Figure 4.1.10: Jumper Wire
28
4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
1. ARDUINO IDE
The Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a software platform

specifically designed for programming Arduino microcontrollers. It provides an
intuitive and user-friendly interface that enables both beginners and experienced
developers to write, compile, and upload code to Arduino boards effortlessly.
Figure 4.2.1: Arduino IDE
2. PROTEUS
Proteus is a comprehensive software tool widely used in the field of electronics design
and simulation. It provides a virtual environment for designing, testing, and simulating
electronic circuits, making it an invaluable tool for engineers, hobbyists, and students
alike.
29
With Proteus, users can design and prototype complex circuits using a vast library of
components, including microcontrollers, sensors, actuators, and integrated circuits. The
software offers a user-friendly interface that allows for easy placement and connection
of components, enabling users to create and visualize their circuits with great precision.
One of the key features of Proteus is its powerful simulation capabilities. It allows users
to simulate the behavior of their circuits, testing and verifying their designs before
moving to the physical implementation. The simulation engine in Proteus accurately
models the electrical characteristics and interactions of components, providing real-time
analysis of circuit performance, signal integrity, and response..
3. THINKSPEAK WEBSITE
ThingSpeak is a popular online platform designed for Internet of Things (IoT)

applications. It provides users with a powerful and user-friendly interface to collect,
analyze, and visualize data from IoT devices in real-time.
With ThingSpeak, users can easily connect their IoT devices, such as sensors and
actuators, and send data to the platform for storage and analysis. The platform supports
a wide range of IoT protocols, making it compatible with various devices and
technologies. It offers an intuitive web-based dashboard that allows users to monitor and
control their devices remotely, as well as customize the data visualization and analysis
to suit their specific needs.
One of the key features of ThingSpeak is its extensive data analysis and visualization
capabilities. Users can apply built-in or custom algorithms to process and interpret the
collected data, enabling them to gain valuable insights and make informed decisions.
The platform also offers a variety of visualization tools, including charts, gauges, and
maps, to represent data trends and patterns effectively.
30
CHAPTER 5
SIMULATION & FLOWCHART
31
5.1 SIMULATION
A simulation was run to analyse the efficiency of the "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality
Monitoring and Control Device" in monitoring and regulating air quality in real-time and to
assess its performance and functionality. The simulation was designed to model various air
quality circumstances and to emulate a typical public lavatory setting. The simulation aimed to
verify the device's precision in measuring and monitoring air quality parameters by exposing it
to various amounts of contaminants as well as changes in temperature and humidity. The
simulation setup and data that were recorded during the testing phase are shown in the
following image. A specialised software programme was used to run the simulation, enabling
repeated, controlled tests to evaluate the effectiveness of the apparatus.
Figure 5.1: Working Simulation
As the project involved multiple components and sensors, simulations were performed to
ensure the proper functioning of the device before implementing it. The simulations were
conducted using software tools Proteus and Arduino IDE, in place of NodeMCU a testing kit of
Arduino Uno R3 was used as the microcontroller in the simulation. Both are fairly similar and
possesses same processing power.
32
5.1 FLOWCHART
Figure 5.2: Flowchart
Flow chart steps for the project "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control
Device for Public Restrooms/Toilets" can be outlined as follows:
1. Start: Begin the flow chart process.
33
2. Initialize: Set up the necessary components and initialize the microcontroller (NodeMCU
ESP8266).
1. Sensor Initialization: Initialize the gas sensors (MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, and MQ7) and the
temperature and humidity sensor (DTH11).
2. Display Initialization: Initialize the OLED display to show the real-time data.
3. Connect to Wi-Fi: Establish a connection to the Wi-Fi network using the ESP8266
module.
3. Read Sensor Data: Read the values from the gas sensors (MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, and MQ7)
and the temperature and humidity sensor (DTH11).
4. Analyze Sensor Data: Analyze the sensor data to determine the air quality parameters such
as ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, temperature, and humidity.
Convert raw values to ppm.
5. Display Data: Show the analyzed data on the OLED display for real-time monitoring.
6. Connect to ThinkSpeak: Establish a connection with the ThinkSpeak website for IoT
integration.
1. Update ThinkSpeak: Update the ThinkSpeak website with the latest sensor data for
remote monitoring.
2. Store Data: Store the collected sensor data along with timestamps for future analysis and
monitoring.
7. Check Condition: If True, Send Email alert and ON the Fan and Buzzer. If False, OFF the
fan and Buzzer.
8. Ventilation Control: Based on the measured air quality parameters, control the ventilation
system to maintain a healthy environment.
9. Email Alert: Implement an email alert system to notify concerned individuals in case of
critical air quality levels.
10. Loop: Repeat the steps from reading sensor data to updating ThinkSpeak in a continuous
loop for real-time monitoring and control.
11. Stop: End the flow chart process.
34
CHAPTER 6
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
35
6.1 ADVANTAGES
The "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device for Public Restrooms/Toilets"
offers several advantages that make it a valuable solution for air quality management. Some of the key
advantages include:
1. Real-time Monitoring: The device provides real-time monitoring of air quality

parameters such as gas concentrations, temperature, and humidity. This allows for
immediate detection of any deviations from the desired levels, enabling prompt actions
to maintain a safe and comfortable environment.
2. Portable and Compact: The device is designed to be portable and compact, making it
easy to install and relocate as needed. Its small form factor allows for flexible placement
in various indoor environments without occupying much space.
3. Multi-Gas Sensing Capability: With gas sensors such as MQ135, MQ2, MQ4, and
MQ7, the device can detect a wide range of gases including ammonia, carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide, methane, and others. This versatility in gas sensing enables
comprehensive monitoring of air quality and identification of specific pollutants.
4. Ventilation Control: The device is equipped with ventilation control functionality,

which automatically adjusts the ventilation system based on the detected air quality
parameters. This ensures efficient and targeted airflow management, effectively
removing pollutants and maintaining a fresh and healthy environment.
5. Integration with IoT Platform: By leveraging the ThinkSpeak website as an IoT

platform, the device enables seamless data transmission, storage, and visualization.
Users can access the air quality data remotely through web-based interfaces, enabling
convenient monitoring and analysis from anywhere.
6. Email Alerts and Buzzer System: The device incorporates an email alert feature and a
buzzer system to notify users in case of abnormal air quality conditions. This provides
an additional layer of safety by promptly alerting individuals and facilitating timely
responses or corrective actions.
7. User-friendly Interface: The OLED display on the device presents the air quality data in
36
a clear and easy-to-understand manner. Users can quickly access real-time readings and
status information, enhancing user experience and promoting informed decision-
making.
8. Energy Efficiency: The device is designed to be energy-efficient, utilizing low-power

components and optimized algorithms. This ensures prolonged operation without
excessive power consumption, making it suitable for long-term monitoring applications.
9. Potential for Expansion and Customization: The device's modular design and use of the
NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller allow for easy expansion and customization.
Additional sensors or features can be incorporated to meet specific monitoring
requirements or address emerging air quality concerns.
10. Contribution to Public Health: By enabling effective air quality monitoring and control,
the device contributes to safeguarding public health. It helps mitigate the risk of
respiratory problems, allergies, and other health issues associated with poor indoor air
quality, creating healthier and more comfortable environments for occupants.
6.2 DISADVANTAGES
While the "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device for Public
Restrooms/Toilets" offers numerous advantages, there are also a few potential disadvantages to
consider:
6.2.1 Cost: Implementing the device with all the necessary components, including
microcontroller, sensors, display, ventilation control, and IoT integration,
may involve a significant upfront cost. This could pose a challenge for
budget-constrained environments or projects with limited financial
resources.
6.2.2 Calibration and Maintenance: The gas sensors and other components of the
device require periodic calibration and maintenance to ensure accurate and
reliable measurements. This process may involve additional time, effort,
and technical expertise, which could be a drawback for users without
sufficient knowledge or resources for calibration.
6.2.3 Limited Coverage: The device's monitoring capabilities are limited to the
37
specific area where it is installed. It provides localized air quality data .
38
6.2.4 Dependency on Internet Connectivity: As the device relies on the

ThinkSpeak website for IoT integration and remote data access, a stable and
reliable internet connection is essential. Disruptions in internet connectivity
may affect real-time data transmission and remote monitoring, limiting the
device's functionality.
6.2.5 Sensitivity to Environmental Factors: The accuracy and performance of the

gas sensors can be influenced by various environmental factors such as
temperature, humidity, and interference from other sources. These factors
may introduce slight deviations or noise in the measured data, requiring
careful consideration during data analysis and interpretation.
6.2.6 Limited Customization: While the device allows for some level of
expansion and customization, its modular design may impose certain
limitations on the integration of additional sensors or features. Users
seeking highly specific or specialized functionalities may find the device's
customization options somewhat restricted.
6.2.7 Power Dependency: The device requires a power source to operate, and its
reliance on a rechargeable battery means that it will require periodic
recharging. This dependence on power can be a limitation in situations
where a continuous power supply may not be readily available or during
power outages.
6.2.8 User Acceptance and Adoption: The successful implementation and

effectiveness of the device depend on user acceptance and willingness to
embrace the technology. Resistance or reluctance from users to adapt to new
monitoring systems or follow suggested control measures may hinder the
device's overall impact.
It is important to consider these potential disadvantages when evaluating the suitability and feasibility
of implementing the "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device." Addressing
these challenges through proper planning, resource allocation, user education, and ongoing
maintenance can help maximize the device's benefits and mitigate any drawbacks.
39
CHAPTER 7
APPLICATIONS & FUTURE SCOPE
40
7.1 APPLICATIONS
The "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device for Public Restrooms/Toilets"
has various potential applications in different settings. Some of the key applications include:
1. Public Restrooms and Toilets: The device can be installed in public restrooms and
toilets to continuously monitor the air quality and ensure a safe and comfortable
environment for users. It can detect harmful gases, odors, and excessive humidity,
triggering ventilation control and alerts to maintain optimal air quality.
2. Indoor Air Quality Monitoring: The device can be utilized in various indoor
environments such as offices, schools, hospitals, and residential buildings to monitor
and manage indoor air quality. It enables real-time monitoring of pollutants,
temperature, and humidity levels, providing insights into the overall air quality and
facilitating timely interventions.
3. Environmental Health Assessments: The device can be employed in environmental

health assessments to evaluate the air quality in specific locations or areas. It can assist
environmental agencies, researchers, and health professionals in identifying sources of
pollution, assessing the impact on public health, and formulating effective mitigation
strategies.
4. Smart Building Systems: Integration of the device with smart building systems allows
for automated control and optimization of ventilation systems based on real-time air
quality data. This application enhances energy efficiency, promotes occupant comfort,
and supports sustainable building management practices.
5. Occupational Safety and Health: In industrial settings, the device can be utilized to
monitor air quality and ensure the safety and well-being of workers. It can detect
hazardous gases, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other pollutants, enabling
timely actions to mitigate potential health risks.
6. Research and Development: The device can serve as a valuable tool for researchers and
scientists involved in air quality studies. It provides a portable and efficient means of
collecting data on various pollutants and environmental conditions, aiding in the
41
analysis of air quality trends, patterns, and correlations.
7. Public Awareness and Education: The device can be used as an educational tool to raise
public awareness about the importance of air quality. Displaying real-time data on the
OLED screen and sharing information through online platforms can help educate
individuals about the impact of air pollution on health and promote responsible
actions.
The versatility of the "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device" allows it to
be employed in diverse applications, contributing to improved air quality management, health, and
well- being in both public and private spaces.
7.2 FUTURE SCOPE
The project "IOT Enabled Portable Air-Quality Monitoring and Control Device for Public
Restrooms/Toilets" offers several avenues for future exploration and enhancement. Some potential
areas of future scope include:
7.2.1 Integration with Smart Building Systems: The device can be integrated with the
existing smart building systems to create a comprehensive air-quality monitoring and
control network. This integration can enable automated responses, such as adjusting
HVAC systems or triggering alarms, based on the air quality readings.
7.2.2 Machine Learning Algorithms: Implementing machine learning algorithms can

enhance the device's capabilities by enabling it to learn and predict air quality patterns.
These algorithms can identify trends, anomalies, and correlations in the data collected,
allowing for more accurate predictions and proactive control measures.
7.2.3 Advanced Sensor Technologies: Exploring and incorporating advanced sensor

technologies can improve the device's detection capabilities. For example, the use of
advanced gas sensors with higher sensitivity and selectivity can enable the detection of a
wider range of pollutants and provide more accurate measurements.
7.2.4 Mobile Application Integration: Developing a dedicated mobile application can

enhance user accessibility and convenience. The application can provide real-time air
quality updates, historical data analysis, personalized alerts, and remote control of the
device. This integration can empower users to monitor and manage air quality from
anywhere at any time.
42
7.2.5 Data Analytics and Visualization: Implementing advanced data analytics techniques
and visualization tools can provide meaningful insights into air quality trends and
patterns. Analyzing historical data can help identify potential sources of pollution,
optimize ventilation strategies, and improve overall air quality management.
7.2.6 Expansion to Other Environments: While the project focuses on public

restrooms/toilets, the concept can be extended to other environments such as offices,
schools, hospitals, and residential buildings. Each environment may have specific air
quality requirements, and tailoring the device to suit these settings can have a significant
impact on occupant health and well-being.
7.2.7 Collaboration with Environmental Authorities: Collaborating with environmental

authorities or organizations can help validate and verify the accuracy and reliability of
the device. This collaboration can facilitate the adoption of the device as a standard tool
for air quality monitoring and control in public spaces, contributing to broader
environmental health initiatives.
By exploring these future scope possibilities, the project can evolve and address emerging challenges
in air quality management, ultimately leading to improved public health outcomes and a more
sustainable and comfortable living environment.
43
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION
44
Finally, by providing real-time information and control on the air quality in public restrooms, this
IoT-enabled portable air-quality monitoring and control device has the potential to have a significant impact
on public health. The tool can make public restrooms cleaner overall and stop the transmission of airborne
infections, creating a better environment for everyone.
The device was created with affordability and mobility in mind, making it suitable for a wide spectrum of
consumers. The gadget can offer full data on air quality indicators due to the integration of numerous gas
sensors and environmental sensors. IoT technology allows for remote monitoring and control of the
equipment, increasing its ease and utility. The device can be improved in the future by incorporating machine
learning algorithms for better data analysis and prediction. Overall, this device has the potential to improve
people's quality of life by ensuring cleaner, healthier public spaces.
45
CHAPTER 9
REFERENCES
46
d
[1] Nikhil P. M., Rakshith R. P., Shreyas G., Sushmitha, Sathisha. (2022). Intelligent Hygiene
Monitoring System for Public Toilets. International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT), 11(06), 2278-0181.
[2] Shah, P., Siroya, D., Prusty, S., Kavedia, M., & Hatekar, A. (2022, April 21). IoT Based
Washroom Feedback System for Quality Monitoring. In IJRASET (Vol. 41706, pp. ISSN
2321- 9653). IJRASET.
[3] Das, A. K., & Roy, P. (2021). Development of an IoT-Based System for Monitoring and
Controlling Air Quality in Public Toilets. Journal of Sensors, 2021, 1-8.
[4] Gupta, S., Saini, S., & Singla, S. (2021). An IoT-Based System for Real-Time Monitoring
and Control of Air Quality in Public Toilets. International Journal of Automation and
Control, 15(2), 201-215.
[5] Saleem, A., Alkhambashi, M. S., Siddiqui, M. H., Al-Absi, H. R., & Tahir, M. A. (2021).
IoT-Based System for Monitoring and Controlling Air Quality in Public Toilets. IEEE
Internet of Things Journal, 8(11), 9362-9371.
[6] Banerjee, S., & Saha, S. (2020). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System for Public
Toilets with Real-Time Alerting Mechanism. In Proceedings of the 2nd International
Conference on Computing and Network Communications (pp. 11-15).
[7] Guo, R., & Song, X. (2020). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System for Public Toilets
with Intelligent Control Strategy. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on
Computer Science and Application Engineering (pp. 121-125).
[8] Huang, W., Wang, Y., Chen, J., & Li, Y. (2020). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System
for Public Toilets with Automatic Ventilation Control. In Proceedings of the 6th
International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (pp. 269-275).
[9] Li, Y., Li, D., Zhou, Y., & Li, Y. (2020). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System for
Public Toilets. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1628(1), 012015.
[10] Maurya, A. K., Srivastava, S., & Singh, R. K. (2020). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring
System for Public Toilets. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Internet of
Things: Smart Innovation and Usages (pp. 1-6).
[11] Kaur, P., & Dhaka, V. (2019). IoT-Based System for Monitoring and Controlling Air
Quality in Public Toilets. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computing
Methodologies and Communication (pp. 1111-1116).
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[12] Roy, S., Dey, N., & Chakraborty, S. (2019). Design and Implementation of an IoT-Based
Air Quality Monitoring System for Public Toilets. In Proceedings of the 3rd International
Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (pp. 88-93).
[13] Singh, R. K., & Sharma, A. (2019). IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System for Public
Toilets with Smart Ventilation Control. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference
on Computing, Communication and Security (pp. 351-355).
[14] Yan, S., Lu, S., Zhang, Y., & Lin, F. (2019). IoT-Based System for Monitoring and
Controlling Air Quality in Public Toilets with Intelligent Ventilation Control. In
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data &
Smart City (pp. 216-220).
[15] Garg, N., Kumar, P., Kumar, A., & Goyal, L. (2018). IoT-based Air Quality Monitoring
System. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 9(2), 180-184.
[16] Suryawanshi, M., & Joshi, R. (2018). IoT based Air Quality Monitoring System.
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[17] Tripathi, A., Yadav, D., & Saxena, A. (2018). Development of IoT based Air Pollution
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[18] Mathur, N., & Kankane, P. (2017). IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System.
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[19] Ravula, R., Bollapalli, S., & Sreenivas, V. (2017). IoT based Air Quality Monitoring
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48
IOT ENABLED PORTABLE AIR-QUALITY MONITORING AND CONTROL DEVICE FOR PUBLIC RESTROOMS
Journal of Data Acquisition and Processing Vol. 38 (3) 1841

2023

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Project Stage-1 Report

“Smart Public Restroom Monitoring system”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

Under the guidance of

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Dhole Patil

Savitribai Phule Pune University

Prof. Palak Desai Dr.B.E.Shinde

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

DHOLE PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

External Examiner Internal Examiner

(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW

1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

4. Implement an IoT infrastructure using the ThinkSpeak website to enable remote

8. Evaluate the performance of the developed device in real-world scenarios, including

2.1 LITERATURE SURVEY

Title: Intelligent Hygiene Monitoring System for Public Toilets.

Title: IoT Based Washroom Feedback System for Quality Monitoring.

Authors: Shah, Siroya, Prusty, Kavedia, and Hatekar.

Authors: Gupta, Saini, and Singla.

Authors: Saleem, Alkhambashi, Siddiqui, Al-Absi, and Tahir.

Authors: Banerjee and Saha.

2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 3.1: - Block Diagram of system

The block diagram consists of the following components:

4. 16-Channel Analog MUX: The 16-channel Analog Multiplexer (MUX) is a component

3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure 3.2: Circuit Diagram

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

Figure 4.1.1.a: NodeMCU ESP8266

Figure 4.1.1.b: ESP8266 Pin Diagram

2. MQ2 GAS SENSOR

Figure 4.1.2: MQ2 GAS SENSOR

Table 4.1.2: - Rating of MQ2 gas sensor

Sr .no Specification Rating

3. MQ4 GAS SENSOR

Figure 4.1.3: - MQ4 gas sensor

Table 4.1.3: - Rating of MQ4 gas sensor

Sr. No. Specification Rating

4. MQ135 GAS SENSOR

Figure 4.1.4: MQ135 gas sensor

Table 4.1.4: - Rating of MQ135 gas sensor

Sr. No. Specification Rating

3 Detection Concentration Range 0 to 100 ppm

5. MQ7 GAS SENSOR

Figure 4.1.5: - MQ7 gas sensor

Table 4.1.5: - Rating of MQ7 gas sensor

Sr. No. Specification Rating

3 Detection Concentration Range 0 to 10000 ppm

6. DHT-11 DIGITAL TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR:

Figure 4.6: - DHT-11 Digital Sensor

Table 4.6: - Rating of MQ7 gas sensor

Sr. No. Specification Rating

7. OLED Display 0.96" I2C 128x64 SSD1306 white

Figure 4.1.7: OLED Display

8. 16-Channel Analog/Digital MUX Breakout - CD74HC4067