CMBUk- I karviPaKbegáag

karkMnt;muxkat;nigPaBFn;begáag
sMrab;Fñwm

GnuelamtambTdæan
ACI 318-M08
1
1- esckþIepþIm (Introduction)

• karkMnt;muxkat;sMrab;PaBFn; KWCakarKNnarkvimaRtmuxkat;eday eGayEdk

eFVIkardl;Edn)aø:sÞIk rW ebtugeFVIkardl;Ebk.
• bnÞúkcugeRkay³ CabnÞúkEdl)anBIkarKuNbnÞúkCak;Esþg ¬bnÞúkefr/ bnÞúkGefr///¦
KuNnwgemKuNbnÞúk.
• bnÞúkeRkAbgáeGayman³ m:mU :g;Bt;begáag/ kMlaMgkat;TTwg/ m:mU :g;rmYltamsPaB
Cak;EsþgénviFIGnuvtþbnÞúk. karkMnt;muxkat;RtUveFVIy:agNa eGaysmßPaBkñúg
rbs;vaFMCag rWesµInwgkMlaMgeRkA.
2
2- esckþIsnµt (Assumption)
• muxkat;ebtugGaem:³ KWCamuxkat;minesµIsac; eRBaHvaeFVIeLIgBI
rUbFatuBIrepSgKña dUecñH eyIgRtUvmankarsnµtxøHkñúgkarKNnarkmuxkat;.
• virUbkmµrbs;ebtug nigEdkesµIKñaenAelIkMritkMBs;dUcKña PaBbnSIRKb;RKan;.
• virUbkmµ smamaRtlIenEGCamYynwgRbEvgBITIRbCuMTMgn;.
• muxkat;Rtg; nwgbnþRtg;eRkayeBlxUcRTg;RTayedaybegáag.
• PaBFn;Tajrbs;ebtugminKitkñúgkarKNnaeRBaH PaBFn;esµInwg 10% én
PaBFn;sgát;. muxkat;eRbHminKitCaRbsiT§iPaB ehIymuneBleRbHmuxkat;
TaMgmUl Camuxkat;RbsiT§PaB. 3
2- esckþIsnµt (Assumption)
• viFIviPaKeGLasÞIc KWminGnuvtþ cMeBaHlkçN³enARKb;kMritkMlaMgsMBaF
épÞeT. sMrab;kMlaMgsMBaFépÞx<s;/ criklkçN³mineGLasÞíc RtUvsnµt
• enAeBldl;EdnkMnt;dac;xat virUbkmµebtugRtUvyk 0.003
• enAkMritPaBFn;dac;xat ragrbs;;r)aykMlaMgépÞ RtUvsnµtCa³ ctuekaN/
)a:rabUl rW ctuekaNBañay.
• m:UDuleGLasÞIkrbs;RKb;RbePTEdk RtUvyk 200000 MPa
4
3- RbePTEbkedaybegáag
eRkamGMeBIénkMlaMgbegáag karEbkéneRKOgbgÁúMman4RbePT eTAtam brimaN
PaKryénEdkEdleRbIkñúgmuxkat;.

1-muxkat;tulükmµ (balanced failure section)

KWCakarEbkedaysar ebtugEbkRsbeBlEdlEdkcab;epþImeFVI )aø:sÞIkkmµ.
ebtugEbkeBlvirUbkmµesµInwg e = 0.003 rWÉEdkeFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµ
cu

eBlEdlvirUbkmµRtg;TIRbCuMTMgn;rbs;EdkTajesµInnwg e .
y

5
2-muxkat;BRgwgRCul (compression-controlled section)
KWkarEbkedaysaebtug eBlEdlEdkenAEKmeRkAminTan;eFVI
)aø:sÞIkkmµ eBalKW virUbkmµrbs;EdkenAEKm e < e . brimaNEdkeRcIn
t y

ehIyeFVIkarkñúgeGLasÞIc ¬muxkat;manlkçN³RsYy¦.
3-muxkat;BRgwgtic (tension-controlled section)
KWkarEbkedaysaEdk eBlEdlEdkenAEKmeRkA eFVI)aø:sÞIkkmµ eBalKW
virUbkmµrbs;EdkenAEKm e ≥ 0.005. brimaNEdktic ehIy
t

EdkeFVIkarkñúg)aø:sÞIc ¬muxkat;manlkçN³sVit¦.

6
4-muxkat;BRgwgmFüm (transition failure section)
KWkarEbkedaysaebtug eBlEdl EdkenAEKmeRkA man virUbkmµrvag
e nig 0.005 eBalKW e < e < 0.005. muckat;enH
y y t

manlkçN³rvagmuxkat;BRgwgtic nigmuxkat;BRgwgRCul eBalKWman lkçN³

Bak;kNþalRsYy.

7
 fc<f’c
ec<e’c=0.003
ctcl
As dt N.A
f’c
e’c=0.003 es≥0.005 fy
cb b
As d
N.A
RbePTmuxkat;BRgwgtic
f’c
ey=fy/Es fy
e’c=0.003
b
As cccl
RbePTmuxkat;tulükmµ dt N.A

es=fs/Es ≤ey fs<fy

b
rUbTI 2>1 RbePTmuxkat; RbePTmuxkat;BRgwgRCul 8
4- viFIKNna nigtMrUvkarPaBFn;
GaRs½ytam ACI 318M-05
4>1 viFIKNnaPaBFn; (Strength Design Method)
viFIKNnaPaBFn;tMrUveGayPaBFn;KNnaénFatubgÁúMenARtg;RKb;muxkat;
KYrEtesµI rWFMCagPaBFn;RtUvkar Edl)anKNnaedayemKuNbnSMbnÞúk. CaTUeTA
PaBFn;KNna ≥ PaBFn;dac;xat (U) rW fS ≥ U
n

Edl
PaBFn;KNna = emKuNkat;bnßyPaBFn; (f) × PaBFn;edIm
f = mKuNkat;bnßyPaBFn; EdlmanEcgkñúgcMnuc 4>4 xageRkam 9
 PaBFn;edIm = PaBFn;énFatubgÁúM rWmuxkat; EdlKNnaedayeRbIesckþI snµt
nigsmIkarPaBFn;rbs;vIFIKNnaPaBFn;.
PaBFn;dac;xat = emKuNbnÞúk × \T§iBlbnÞúkeRbIR)as;. PaBFn;RtUvkar
RtUv)anrkedayGaRs½ytamkarbnSMbnÞúk.
emKuNbnÞúk = emKuNbEnßmbnÞúk EdlbNþalmkBIkarERbRbYlbnÞúk
eRbIR)as;.
bnÞúkeRbIR)as; = bnÞúkbgðajedaybTdæansagsg;TUeTA ¬minKitemKuN¦

10
 karkMNt; (Notation)
PaBFn;dac;xat (Require Strength)
M = m:Um:g;dac;xat ¬PaBFn;Bt;begáagRtUvkar¦
u

P = kMlaMgcMp©itdac;xat ¬PaBFn;bnÞúkcMp©itRtUvkar¦
u

V = kMlaMgkat;dac;xat ¬PaBFn;kat;RtUvkar¦
u

T = m:Um:g;rmYldac;xat ¬PaBFn;rmUlRtUvkar¦
u

PaBFn;edIm (Nominal Strength)

M = PaBFn;Bt;begáagedIm
n

M = PaBFn;Bt;begáagedIm enAlkçx½NÐvirUbkmµtulükal
b

P = PaBFn;kMlaMgcMp©itedIm enAeBlmancMNakp©it
11
n
Po =PaBFn;kMlaMgcMp©itedIm enAeBlcMNakp©itesµIsUnü
P = PaBFn;kMlaMgcMp©itedIm enAlkçx½NÐvirUbkmµtulükal
b

V = PaBFn;kat;edIm
n

V = PaBFn;kat;edIm Edlpþl;edayebtug
c

V = PaBFn;kat;edIm Edlpþl;edayEdk
s

T = PaBFn;m:Um:g;rmYledIm
n

PaBFn;KNna (Design Strength)

fM = PaBFn;Bt;begáagKNna
n

fP = PaBFn;kMlaMgcMp©itKNa enAeBlmancMNakp©it
n

fV = PaBFn;kMlaMgkat;KNna = f (V + V )
12
n c s
 fTn = PaBFn;m:Um:g;rmYlKNna
4>2 tMrUvkarPaBFn; (Strength Requirement)
lkçx½NÐmUldæansMrab;karKNnaPaBFn; manbgðajdUcxageRkam³
PaBFn;KNna ≥ PaBFn;RtUvkar
emKuNkat;bnßyPaBFn; × PaBFn;edIm ≥ emKuNbnÞúk × \T§iBlbnÞúkeRbIR)as;
ral;FatupþúMrbs;eRKOgbgÁúM nigral;muxkat;TaMgGs; RtUvEtGnuvtþlkçx½NÐ xagelI
eRkamlkçx½NÐkarbnSMbnÞúkcMeBaHRKb;GMeBI ¬Bt;begáag/ bnÞúkcMp©it/
kMlaMgkat;/>>>.l.¦³ fM n  M u
fPn  Pu (2.1)
fVn  Vu 13
 4>3 PaBFn;dac;xat (Require Strength)
edIm,ITTYl)annUvPaBFn;dac;xat bnÞúkcugeRkayRtUvykmkKNna ehIy
karbnSMbnÞúkmandUcxageRkam³
U  1.4( D  F ) ( ACI Eq. 9  1)
U  1.2( D  F  T )  1.6( L  H )  0.5( Lr or S or R) ( ACI Eq. 9  2)
U  1.2 D  1.6( Lr or S or R)  (1.0 L or 0.8W ) ( ACI Eq. 9  3)
U  1.2 D  1.6W 1.0 L  0.5( Lr or S or R) ( ACI Eq. 9  4)
U  1.2 D  1.0 E 1.0 L  0.2S ( ACI Eq. 9  5)
U  0.9 D  1.6W  1.6 H ( ACI Eq. 9  6)
U  0.9 D  1.0 E  1.6 H ( ACI Eq. 9  7)
14
kñúgenaH
D= bnÞúkefr
E = \T§iBlbnÞúkrBa¢ÜydI

F = bnÞúkbNþalBITMgn; nigsMBaFvtßúrav

H = bnÞúkbNþalBITMgn; nigsMBaFdI

L = bnÞúkGefr

L = bnÞúkGefrdMbUl
r

R = bnÞúkTwkePøóg

S = bnÞúkRBil

T = \T§iBlsItuNðPaB/ karrYjmaD/ karRskmaD 15

 W= bnÞúkxül;
karBicarNaepSg² EdlTak;TgnwgkarbnSMbnÞúk mandUcxageRkam³
1> PaBFn;nwg\T§iBlrBa¢Üy EdlGnuvtþrYmbBa©ÚlCamYybnÞúkGefr.
2> sMrutxusKña/ karrYjmaD/ karRskmaD karrIkrUménkarRskmaDebtug rW
karpøas;bþÚrsItuNðPaB BwgEp¥kelIkarRbmaNR)adkniymmYyén\T§iBl EdlekIteLIg
kñúgkareRbIR)as;.
3> sMrab;eRKOgbgÁúMsßitenAkñúgtMbn;TwkCMnn; bnÞúkTwkCMnn; nigkarbnSMbnÞúkrbs;
bTdæan ASCE 7 nwgRtUveRbI.
sMrab;eRKOgbgÁúMCaeRcIn RtUv)anBicarNaelIbnÞúkefr Gefr xül; nigrBa¢ÜydI.
EdlbnÞúk F, H, R, S, nig T minRtUv)anKit enaHeyIgmansmIkar 7 EdleFVI[gayRsYl 16
edIm,IbnSMbnÞúkTaMgenHKWmankñúgtaragTI 2>1.
taragTI 2>1 karbnSMbnÞúksMrab;PaBFn;dac;xat
bnÞúk PaBFn;dac;xat
efr nigGefr 1.4D
1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr

efr Gefr nigxül; 1.2D + 1.6Lr + 1.0L

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8W
1.2D + 1.6W + 1.0L + 0.5Lr
0.9D + 1.6W

efr Gefr nigrBa¢ÜydI 1.2D + 1.0L + 1.0E

0.9D + 1.0E
17
 4>4 emKuNkat;bnßyPaBFn; (Strength Reduction Factor)
PaBFn;pÞal;rbs;muxkat; RtUvbnßyedayemKuNkat;bnßyPaBFn; edIm,ItMrUv
PaBminc,as;las; EdlmancMeBaHbMErbMrYl PaBFn;/ muxkat;/ karRtYtBinitü///.
begáag/ karTajcMp©it/ begáagnigrmYl ¬sVIt¦ 0.90

begáag ¬RsYy¦ 0.60

kMlaMgkat; nigrmYl 0.75

PaBRTelIebtug 0.65

sgát;cMp©it manrWKµanbegáag³
eRKOgbgÁúMmanEdkkgvil 0.75
eRKOgbgÁúMepSg²eTot 0.70 18
sMrab;Edkkgvil ¬ssr¦
 0.20 
f  0.70  (e t  e y )  
 0.005  e y
 

sMrab;EdkkgFmµta
 0.25 
f  0.65  (e t  e y )  
 0.005  e y
 

rUbTI 2>2 karERbRbYl f CamYynwg e nig c/d t t

19
5- karviPaK nigkarkMnt;muxkat;
kñúgkarsikSaeRKOgbgÁúMebtugsrésEdk viFIsaRsþBIrEdleRbICajwkjab;KW³
1>karviPaKmuxkat;³ KWkarkMnt;rklT§PaBRTRTgkñúgrbs;muxkat; edIm,IeRbobeFob
nwg\T§iBlkMlaMgeRkA edaydwgvimaRtmuxkat;ebtug PaBFn;rbs;ebtugnigEdk nig
bNþajEdk.
2>karkMnt;muxkat;³ KWkarkMnt;rkvimaRtmuxkat; nigbNþajEdk edaydwg
\T§iBlkMlaMg eRkA PaBFn;rbs;Edk nigebtug.
20
6- r)aykMlaMgsMBaFépÞsmmUlkñúgebtug
r)aykMlaMgépÞkñúgebtugeBlEbk GacsnµtCarag ctuekaNEkg/
RbelBIEb:t/ ):ar:abUl rWragepSg²eTAtamlT§plBiesaFn_.
• ebtugmanr)aykMlaMgépÞ 0.85f’ rayelItMbn;sgát;edayÉksN§an
c

• kMras;énGkS½nWRt KW c KitBIEKmsgát;mkdl;GkS½nWRt
• kMras;éntMbn;sgát;KW a=b c Edl b ERbRbYlBI 0.65 eTA 0.85.
1 1

21
 f’c
0.85f’c
e’c=0.003
z = a/2
a
N.A C=0.85f’cab
d d-z
As
T=Asfy
ey=fy/Es fy

b Cak;Esþg smmUl

rUbTI 2>3 r)aykMlaMgsMBaFépÞsmmUlkñúgebtug

22
   0.85  

b1  max  min  
 ACI 318M05,
f 'c  28  , 0.65 section 10.2.7.3
 0.85  0.05 7  

1.00 0.85
0.75
0.65
0.50

0.25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ksi
28 MPa 56 MPa
0.85 if f 'c  28MPa
 f ' 28MPa

b1  0.85  0.05 c if 28MPa  f 'c  55MPa
 7 MPa
0.65 if f 'c  55MPa

rUbTI 2>4 tMél b ERbRbYleTAtamPaBFn;ebtug

1 23
7- muxkat;bMBak;EdkTaj
(Singly Reinforced Beam)
RbePTmuxkat;tulükmµekItmaneBlEdl Edkcab;epþIm)ø:asÞIkkmµ sbeBlEdlebtugEbk
ehIykarEbkenHRbRBwtþeTAedayrh½s. PaKryEdkEdlRtUvnwglkçx½NÐtulükmµKW
As (balanced)
b 
bd
Edl b: KWCaTTwgénEpñksgát;rbs;eRKOgbgÁúM
d: KWCacMgayBIEKmsgát;eTATIRbCuMTMgn;énEdkTaj
ebIsinCa eyIgeRbIEdktUcCaglkçxNнtulükmµ enaHmuxkat;CaRbePTmuxkat;BRgwgtic
EdlEdkeFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµmuneBlebtugEbk vaCakarEbkyWt nigpþl;tMnwgmun. 24
rUbTI 2>5 r)aykMlaMgsMBaFépÞrbs;ebtugsmmUlragctuekaNEkg 25
 smIkarRKwH sMrab;karviPaK nigkarkMnt;muxkat; manBIrsMxan;edayEp¥kelIlkçxNнlMnwg
cMeBaHRKb;RbePTbnÞúknigmuxkat;³
1/ kMlaMgsgát;RtUvesµInwgkMlaMgTaj
C  T  0.85 f 'c ab  As f y (2.1)
2/ lT§PaBm:Um:g;begáagkñúg esµInwgplKuNkMlaMgsgát;nwgédeXñaHrbs;va rW esµInwg
kMlaMgTajKuNnwgédeXñaH
 a  a
M n  C d    T  d   (2.2)
 2  2
 a
 M n  0.85 f 'c ab d  
 2
 a
 M n  As f y  d   26
 2
 7>1 lkç x N
½ b
Ð nSI v r
i b
U kmµ
onditions of strain compatibility
(Condition of Strain Compatibility)

es dc
eu c
dt  c
dc et e u
es e u or (2.3)
c c
eu eu
c d or c d t (2.4)
eu  es eu  et
27
 7>2 muxkat;tulükmµ (Balance Strain Condition)

rUbTI 2>6 muxkat;tulükmµkñúgkarBt;begáag 28

 lkçx½NÐtulükmµvirUbkmµekIteLIgelImuxkat; enAeBlNaEdlvirUbkmµ
Gtibrmarbs;ebtugenAépÞsgát;xagelI e = 0.003 CamYyvirUbkmµeGLasÞicdMbUg
u

e = e = f /E kñúgEdkTaj.
s y y s

• kMBs;GkS½eNWk sMrab;lkçx½NÐtulükmµ
cb eu 0.003
 
d t e u  e y 0.003  e y
cb 0.003
  (2.5)
d t 0.003  e y

29
 7>3 muxkat;RsYy (Compression-Control Section)
• muxkat;RsYYy
cCCL 0.003 cCCL 0.003
  
dt  cCCL f y / Es dt 0.003  f y / Es

cCCL 0.003
 
dt 0.003  e y
• virUbkmµGtibrmasMrab;Bt;begáag
c 0.003
  0.429 (2.6)
dt 0.003  0.004

30
 7>4 muxkat;sVit (Tension-Control Section)

• muxkat;sVit
cTCL 0.003 cTCL 0.003
    0.375
dt  cTCL 0.005 dt 0.003  0.005

aTCL
  0.375b1 (2.7)
dt

31
 7>5 PaKryEdk (Steel Ratios)
eyIgman³
As As  fy 0.85 f'c a b f'c c f'c c dt
 0.85 b 1  0.85 b 1  
b d b d fy b d fy fy d fy dt d

f'c eu f'c eu dt
  0.85 b 1  0.85 b 1   (2.8)
fy e u  e s fy e u  e t d

1>Balanced
PaKryEdktu
steellratio
ükmµ (Balance steel ratio)
ffyy
eyIgman³ fc f'c fs fy ee s
s ee yy
Es
E s
f'f'c eeu f'c 600MPa
c u 600MPa
b 0.85 b   0.85 b 1 
b 0.85 b11ff ee  ee
0.85 (2.9)
yy uu yy fy 600MPa  ffyy 32
2> PaKryEdkGtibrma (Maximum steel ratio)
max 0.75 b
- bTdæan ACI 318-99 max 0.75 b
f'c eu
- bTdæan ACI 318-02 nig 05 max e te 0.85  b 1 f'c e u (2.10)
max  t  0.85  bfy e u  e t
1 f e e
CamYy e t  0.004 y u t

enAeBl ue  0.003 nig Es  210 MPa

5

fy
cMeBaH fy  400MPa e y  Es  0.002
max eu  ey 5
cMeBaH e t  0.004 b

e u  0.004

7
 0.714

max eu  ey 5
cMeBaH e t  0.005 b

e u  0.005

8
 0.625 33
3> PaKryEdkGb,brma (Minimum steel ratio)
3 f'c 200
min   (in psi)
fy fy
(2.11)
0.25 f'c 1.4
min   (in MPa)
fy fy

7>6 m:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg; (Flexural Strength)

A f
TajecjBIsmIkar (2.1) eyIg)an³ a  0.85 f ' b
s y

c
(2.12)

 A f 
yksmIkar (2.12) CYskñúgsmIkar (2.2)  M  A f  d  1.7 f ' b 
n s y
s y

 c 
 As f y 
 M n  As f y  d  0.59  (2.13)
 f 'c b  34
 As   fy 
CYs 
bd
kñúgsmIkar (2.13)  M n  f y  bd 1  0.59
2
 (2.14)
 f 'c 
 fy
tag   f 'c
dUecñH smIkar (2.14) køayCa³
M n  f 'c bd  (1  0.95 )  (bd kn )
2 2
(2.15)

Edl kn  (1  0.95)

dUcenH m:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;KW³ fM n

dt  c
Edl e t  e u c nig f  f e t CaGnuKmn_ e t
  1.45  250e t  
f  max min 0.9 0.65
  3  35 
8- PaBRKb;RKan;énmuxkat;
muxkat;mYyGacCamuxkat;RKb;RKan; luHRtaNalT§PaBm:Um:g;begáagkñúgrbs;
muxkat;enaH FMCag rWesµInwgm:Um:g;eRkAdac;xat M .
u

1/ KNnam:Um:g;Bt;begáageRkAdac;xat M 1.2 M 1.6 M  1.4M

u D L D

2/ KNnam:Um:g;begáagkñúg rWm:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;
BinitüemIlPaKryEdk     
min max

rk f M f A f (d  2 ) eRbsmIkar (2.15)
n s y
a

3/ epÞógpÞat;fa
f M n  Mu 36
]TahrN_TI 1
As
45cm
40cm 250cm

20cm
rUbTI 2>7 muxkat; nigvimaRtrbs;Fñwmly
epÞógpÞat; faetImuxkat;RKb;RKan; rWeTsMrab;RTbnÞúk?
edaydwgfa
LL=10kN/m; DL= 22kN/m
f’c= 27 MPa; fy= 400 MPa; As= 11.61cm2
37
]TahrN_TI 2

50cm 45cm
As 600cm

25cm
rUbTI 2>8 muxkat; nigvimaRtrbs;FñwmTMrsamBaØ
KNnabnÞúkGefrEdlmanGMeBIelIFñwm
edaydwgfa
LL=?; DL= ?
f’c= 25 MPa; fy= 400 MPa; As= 15.2cm2
38
9- muxkat;bMBak;EdkDub¼Edksgát;nigTaj
(Doubly Reinforced Beam)

kalNalT§PaBm:Um:g;Bt;begáagkñúgrbs;muxkat;enaH tUcCag m:Um:g;eRkAdac;xat/

Edksgát; nigEdkTajRtUvEtdak;bEnßmelIbrimaNEdkGtibrmaénmuxkat;.
eBlKNnamuxkat;BRgwgsgxag¬EdkDub¦ eyIgmanBIrkrNIKW³
1/ Edksgát;eFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµ
2/ Edksgát;yWtkñúgeGLasÞíc
39
 9>1 lkçx½NÐbnSIvirUbkmµ (Condition of Strain Compatibility)
onditions of strain compatibility
es dc (2.16)  (2.3)
eu c
dt  c
dc et e u
es e u or
c c
eu eu
c d or c d t
eu  es eu  et
40
 u s
e' s c  d'
(2.17)
eu c

c  d'
e' s e u
c
 eu
c d'
e u  e' s
41
9>2 PaKryEdk (Steel Ratios)
1> PaKryEdksgát;
A' s
' (2.18)
b d
2> PaKryEdkTaj
As A s  fy  c a b  A' s  fy
0.85f' f'c c fs
  
0.85b  '
b d b d fy b d fy fy d fy
3> PaKryEdkTajGtibrma (2.19)
fs
t.max max  ' (2.20)
fy
42
   t.max ebtug ¬PaBFn;énmuxkat;¦ KWRKb;RKan;.
  t.max ebtug ¬PaBFn;énmuxkat;¦ KWminRKb;RKan;.
4> PaKryEdkTajGb,brma e u
d'
f'c c fs f'c e u  e' s fs
 0.85 b 1  ' 0.85 b 1   '
fy d fy fy d fy
eBl fs fy fs fy

f'c e u f'cd' eu d'

cy cy
0.85   b 1   '
b 1 0.85  ' (2.22)
fy e u  e yf d e  e d
y u y
43
   cy Edksgát;eFVIkar)ø:asÞikkmµ f's fy

  cy Edksgát;mineFVIkar)ø:asÞikkmµ
Compression steel will not yield. f's  fy

9>3 viPaKelIPaBFn; (Strength Analysis)

1> lM
nwgénkM
x l0aMg T A s  fy

T C  Cs C  .c a b
0.85f
Cs A' s  fs
2> lMnwgénm:Um:g; Mn1 Cs  ( d  d') A' s  f's  ( d  d')

C  d   0.85 f'c a b  d 
a a
Mn Mn1  Mn2 Mn2 
 2  2

Mn2  T  Cs    d 
a
 2
 As  fy  A' s  f's   d 44 a

2
rUbTI 2>9 r)aykugRtaMnigvirUbkmµrbs;
muxkat;EdkDub¼EdkTajnigsgát; 45
 9>4 Edksgát;eFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµ (Compression Steel is yield)
Case enAeBlEdksgá
of f's fy t;eFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµ KWmann½yfa f'
s fy .
A s  fy  A' s  fy
a (2.23)
0.85 f'c b
PaBFn;m:Um:g;edIm (Nominal moment strength)
Mn  A s  A' s   fy   d 
a
  A' s  fy   d  d'
 2
PaBFn;nwgkarBt;begáag (Flexual strength)
  a 
f M n  f ( M n1  M n 2 )  f  As  A's  f y  d    A's f y (d  d ' )
  2 
(2.24) 46
rUbTI 2>10 r)aykugRtaMgnigvirUbkmµrbs;
muxkat;EdkDub enAeBlEdksgát;eFVI)ø:asÞikkmµ 47
 ]- KNnam:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;rbs;FñwmEdlbgðajkñúgrUbTI 2>11 xageRkam
sMParHeRbIR)as; d’=6cm

f’c= 30 MPa
A’s=7.74cm2
fy= 400 MPa d=54.5cm N.A.

As=38.82cm2

c =9cm rUbTI 2>11 muxkat;FñwmbMBak;EdkDub

CMhanéndMeNaHRsay b=30cm

1-epÞógpÞat;)aø:sÞIkkmµrbs;Edksgát;    '  0.85 b

f ' d'
f
1 c 0.003
d 0.003  f / E
y y s
K

2-epÞógpÞat;PaBsVit d  d  0.375b
t
a a TCL

t
1

  a 
3-KNnam:Um:g; f M  M  M  f  A f  d  2   A' f (d  d ' )
n n1 n2 s1 y s y 48
 9>5 Edksgát;mineFVI)ø:asÞIkkmµ (Compression Steel is not yield)
eBlEdkmineFVI)aø:sÞIkkmµ/ kMlaMgépÞCak;EsþgRtUvykkmeRbIedayKNna
tamrUbmnþdUcxageRkam³
 c  d' c  d'
e  eu 
'
s   f 's  Es .e 's  Es e u  fy
 c  c
c,ab;lMnwgénkMlaMg eyIgman³
c  d'
As f y  0.85 f 'c ab  A's Ese u (2.25)
c
c  d'
0.85 f 'c ab  A's Ese u  As f y  0
c
 0.85 f 'c a 2b  ( A's f 1 As f y )a  A's f1b1d '  0 (2.26)
49
Edl f  E e  600MPa
1 s u

EcksmIkar (2.26) nwg 0.85 f ' b eyIg)an³

c

0.85 f 'c a 2b  ( A's f 1 As f y )a  A's f1b1d '

0
0.85 f 'c b
( A's f 1 As f y ) A's f1b1d '
a  2
a 0
0.85 f 'c b 0.85 f 'c b
tag
1 ( A's f 1 As f y ) A's f1b1d '
p
2 0.85 f 'c b
nig q
0.85 f 'c b

 a 2  2 pa  q  0 (2.27)
50
 edaHRsaysmIkardWeRkTI2én (2.27) eyIgTTYl)an³
a   p  p  q nig a   p 
1
2
2 p q
2

a
CMerAG½kSNWk c GacKNna c  b
1

PaBFn;m:Um:g;edIm (Nominal moment strength)

 a
M n  ( M n1  M n 2 )   As  A's  f y  d    A's f 's (d  d ' )
 2
PaBFn;nwgkarBt;begáag (Flexual strength)
  a 
f M n  f ( M n1  M n 2 )  f  As  A's  f y  d    A's f 's (d  d ' )
  2 
(2.28) 51
]- KNnam:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;rbs;FñwmEdlbgðajkñúgrUbTI 2>12 xageRkam
sMParHeRbIR)as; d’= 5cm

f’c= 35 MPa
fy= 400 MPa
A’s=15.2 cm2
d= 6cm N.A.

As=49.2 cm2

c =9cm
b=35cm

rUbTI 2>12 muxkat;FñwmbMBak;EdkDub

52
10- karviPaKmuxkat;rag T-I

eRkamGMeBIénkMlaMgBt;begáag EpñkxøHénkMralrgkMlaMgsgát;.
EpñkénkMralEdleFVIkarCamYyFñwmehAfasøabFñwm.
S
b
(b-bw)/2 (b-bw)/2
CL

hf

x x

bw rUbTI 2>13 TTwgsøabRbsiT§iPaB

53
 10>1 TTwgRbsiTæPaBénmuxkat;rag T-I
• TTwgRbsiTæPaBrbs;søabTak;Tgnwg³
- KMlatFñwm/ TTwgtYFñwm/ kMras;kMral/ lkçxNнTMrrbs;Fñwm/ TisénkarEckbnÞúk
• TTwgRbsiTæPaBkMnt;yktUckñúgcMeNamtMélTaMgbI EdlKNnadUcteTA³
L
1-GaRsy½nwgRbEvgFñwm b
4
2- GaRsy½nwgkMras;FñwmnigTTwgtYFñwm b  16 h f  bw
3-GaRsy½nwgKMlatrvagFñwm bS

b ³ KWCaTTwgRbsiTæPaBrbs;Fñwm bw ³ KWCaTTwgtYFñwm
L³ KWCaRbEvgFñwm hf ³ KWCakMras;kMral 54
 10>2 muxkat;rag T-I eFVIkardUcCactuekaN
muxkat;et nigGuIeFVIkar dUcCamuxkat;ctuekaN kalNakMras;éntMbn;sgát;
sßitenAkñúgsøabénmuxkat;. a  h f

As f y
dUecñH eyIg)an³ a
0.85 f 'c b

As
w    min
bw d

m:Um:g;kñúgrbs;muxkat;KW³
 a
f M n  f As f y  d  
 2
55
 10>3 karviPaKmuxkat;rag T-I

rUbTI 2>14 r)aykMlaMgsMBaFépÞ nigvirUbkmµrbs;FñwmGkSet

56
 b
z=a/2
e=0.003
hf a C
d

(d-z)
bw T=As.fy

z =aw/2 z=hf/2
(b-bw)/2 (b-bw)/2

C1 C2

(d-hf/2)
(d-z)

= +
Asw Asf
T1=Aswfy T2=Asffy

rUbTI 2>15 karbMEbkkMlaMgrbs;muxkat;FñwmGkSret 57

 • eBlEdlGMeBIxageRkAkan;EtFM/ r)a:ykMlaMgsgát;sßitenAeRkamsøabeBalKW
mYycMEnkéntYFñwmcUlrYmedayRbsiTæPaBkñúgkarTb;nwgm:Um:g;.
• kMlaMgsgát;kñúgtMbn;sgát;KW C  0.85 f ' b h  b (a  h )
c f w f

1-muxkat;ctuekaNdak;Edkmçag b d nigmanbrimaNEdk A . ehIykMlaMg

w sw

sgát; C  0.85 f ' ab nigkMlaMgTaj T  A f sßitenAcMgay(d  2 ) .

c w sw y
a w

b  b 
2- muxkat;pSMBIsøabcMehogTaMgBIr 2  2 h  Edlpþl;kMlaMgsgát;bEnßm
w
f

(b  b ) h 0.85 f ' nigédeXñaH d  h / 2

w f c f

ehIyEdksMrab;muxkat;TIBIrenHKW³ A 
0.85 f ' h (b  b )
sf
c f w

fy 58
• eyIg)anmuxkat;EdksrubKW As  Asw  Asf
( As  Asf ) f y
• ehIykMras;tMbn;sgát;KW aw 
0.85 f 'c bw

lTæPaBm:Um:g;RTRTg;rbs;muxkat; KWCaplbUkén³
f M n  M n1  M n 2
 aw   aw 
M n1  f Asw f y  d    f ( As  Asf ) f y  d  
 2   2 

 hf 
M n2  f Asf f y  d  
 2 
  aw   hf 
f M n  f ( As  Asf ) f y  d    Asf f y  d  
  2   2  59
1-pleFobEdkTajsrubCamYyépÞtYFñwmRtUveKarBlkçxNн³
As
w    min
bw d
2- PaBsVitrbs;muxkat;
c
 0.375 muxkat;sVit
dt
c
 0.375 muxkat;RsYy
dt
aw
Edl c
b1
60
 10>4 CMhanénkarviPaKmuxkat;rag T-I
1-KNnaTTwgRbsiTæPaB b nigPaBryEdkGb,brmanigEdkGtib,rma  min , max

As f y
2- epÞógpÞat;lkçN³muxkat;GkSet a
0.85 f 'c b

3- muxkat;eteFVIkarCactuekaNebI a h f
4- muxkat;eteFVIkarCaGkSret a  hf
0.85 f 'c h f (b  bw )
k- KNnaEdksMrab;søab Asf 
fy
x- epÞógpÞat;PaBsVit c
 0.375
dt
61
K- KNnam:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;
  aw   hf 
f M n  f ( As  Asf ) f y  d    Asf f y  d  
  2   2 
( As  Asf ) f y
Edl aw 
0.85 f 'c bw

62
 10>5 ]TahrN¾karviPaKmuxkat;rag T-I
1- bNþajFñwmebtugsrésEdkEdlFñwmnImYy²manKMlatBIKña 2.4 m ehIyRT
edayTMrsnøak;. RbEvgFñwmKW 4.5 m RTkMralmankMras; 100mm . vimaRtrbs;
FñwmmanbgðajkñúgrUbxageRkam/ edaydwg f '  20 MPa ; f  400 MPa .
c y

cUrKNnam:Um:g;lTæPaBRTRTg;rbs;Fñwm.
10cm

8 cm 30.5 cm
25 cm

As=15.2 cm2 2.4m 2.4m

rUbTI 2>16 bNþajFñwmGkSret

etIm:Um:g;lT§PaBRTRTg;esµIb:unµan RbsinebI As=49.16 cm2 63
2- cUrKNnam:Um:g;lTæPaBRTRTg;rbs;Fñwmmuxkat;GkSretbgðaj
kñúgrUbTI 2>17 xageRkam.
edaydwgfa f '  25 MPa ; f  400 MPa
c y

90cm 0.85f’c
11cm
8cm C
13cm
44cm
T

9cm
25cm As=38.82 cm2

rUbTI 2>17 muxkat;FñwmGkSret

64