PHILIPPINE LITERATURE more aware of the way literature is

written
- is the body of works that expressed
both/either in oral or written.
HISTORIOGRAPHIC METAFICTION
- A literary theory that makes the reader
aware of the constructed nature of
LITERATURE
fiction and history.
- It keeps a record of our lives, beliefs,
and culture. STORY
- It is a form of art that uses language - an account of imaginary or real people
to express human experiences, and events told for entertainment
emotions, and ideas.
ELEMENT OF A STORY
TWO TYPES OF LITERATURE
CHARACTERS
Prose - the people or animals who participate in
- a literary piece that applies a style the action of the story.
that does not follow a structure of SETTING
rhyming or meter - The time and place where the story
occur
Eight Types of Prose PLOT
- Essay - Short Story - The sequence of events that make up the
- Diary - Biography story.
- Novel - Epic CONFLICT
- Fables - The problem or struggle that the main
character faces.
Poetry THEME
- it is the term for those expressions in - the central idea of all literary forms or
verse, with rhyme and rhythm, lines message that the story conveys.
and stanzas and has a musical tone POINT-OF-VIEW
- The perspective of the writer from
- In poetry, the person telling the story is which the story is told.
called The Persona TONE
- The attitude or emotion that the writer
FICTION expresses through the words and
sentences.
- It is a product of the writer’s wild STYLE
imagination - The way the writer uses language, such
- It is a form of any narrative work that as word choice, sentence structure, and
deals with information or events that are figurative language.
imaginary.

NON – FICTION Three Important Periods in Philippine

- A kind of stories that are based on Literature:
factual events • Pre-Colonial
• Colonial
METAFICTION
• Post-Colonial
- A literary theory when the reader is
conscious of the craft of literature
PRE-COLONIAL
because the author makes the reader
 - all literary works produced before the Our ancestors were made to believe that all of
Spanish colonization (mostly oral their traditions, writings, and everything that
traditions). are against of Christianity are works of the
Devil.
TABON CAVE
- the discovery of a skull cap and a DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA
portion of a jaw in Palawan in 1962. - the very first book published in the
- in this area proved that man came Philippines.
earlier in the Philippines. - a collection of prayers and songs.

BAYBAYIN
PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT: 1872
- is a system of writing in the Philippines. - is the period where our ancestors
realized that we need to stand up against
PRE-COLONIAL POETRY the oppressors.
➢ PROVERBS
➢ TANAGA
ILLUSTRADOS
➢ FOLK SONG
➢ RIDDLES - Filipinos who were able to study in
➢ EPIC Europe.
PROVERBS
- an expression of wisdom based on
SPANISH-COLONIAL ERA (1563-1898)
common and real-life experiences.
- ex. “Bago mo sabihin at gawin, 1. Graciano Lopez Jaena
makapitong iisipin”. - writer of Fray Botod which depics the
TANAGA abusive and immorality of friars.
- a poem in quatrain with seven syllables - editor of La Solidaridad, a news paper
and monorine. that seeks solution in both political and
- ex. Kaibigan by Emelita Baes social issues.
FOLK SONG
- a lyrical expression created according to 2. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
region. - founder of Diariong Tagalog known to
- ex. Sitsiritsit and Bahay Kubo be the master of Tagalog language
RIDDLES - joined other propagandists in 1888 and
- a mind puzzle intended to be solved. wrote pamphlets ridiculing the
- ex. “Isang balong malalim, punong puno administration of the friars
ng patalim”. – BIBIG
EPIC 3. Francisco Baltazar
- a long narrative poem about quests of a - known as Balagtas
hero with supernatural powers - writer of Florante at Laura in which his
- ex. Biag ni Lam-ang description of the setting Albanya
reflected the tyranny of the Spaniards.

4. Jose P. Rizal
COLONIAL - wrote the novels Noli Me Tangere
(Touch me Not; Rizal’s work of heart)
The focus of literature suddenly changed upon
- and El Filibusterismo (The Traitor;
the arrival of Spaniards. An emphasis on
Rizal’s work of mind)
morality and religion was common in literary
- He is Pepe in the poem “Padre Faura
forms.
Witnesses the Execution of Rizal.”
- And he is compared to the STAR
 - He used Spanish language in writing his
two greatest novels.
HAIKU
MAKAMISA
- a Japanese poetic form that consists of
- It is the unfinished novel of Jose Rizal 5-7-5 syllables / 3 lines usually about
nature
MI ULTIMO ADIOS
It is the final poem was written by him
before he was executed. MARTIAL LAW ERA
THREE REASONS WHY RIZAL WAS Ferdinand E. Marcos, Sr.
EXECUTED
- also known as APO LAKAY
• SEDITION - Philippine President from 1965-1985
• REBELLION - declared Martial law on September 21,
• CONSPIRACY 1972
- became an authoritarian president in the
5. Andres Bonifacio Philippines from 1965-1985
- father of Katipunan
- writer of Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa Proclamation No. 1081

6. Emilio Jacinto - the direct order from President Marcos

- brain of Katipunan when he proclaimed a state of martial
- wrote political essays using folk law in the Philippines.
language APO

AMERICAN ERA (1899-1945) - it is the term for an elderly person who

is an authoritarian figure and is treated
- during this era, the Filipino writers with reverence
were split into two. On September 21, 1972, the Martial Law was
- Some decided to still write in spanish, declared in the entire Philippines.
tagalog or other local languages.
- Others decided to write in English. Others are considered his time as the Golden
Era of the Philippines while others considered
Public School System it as the Darkest Era of the country.
The government silenced and controlled the
- was established by the Americans. media.
- it means they started the free education
for all (primary). Numerous human rights violations were made
during the time of Marcos
Thomasites administration.
- American soldiers functioned as our
teachers.
- they taught Filipinos how to speak and
write the English language.

JAPANESE ERA

The Japanese forbade the use of English in

literature.