Bio PRJ

Introduction to Bioplastics
 Bioplastics are a type of plastic

derived from renewable sources like plants
and agricultural waste.
 They offer a more sustainable
alternative to traditional plastics, which
are derived from fossil fuels.
 Bioplastics have the potential to
reduce plastic waste and decrease the
carbon footprint of plastic production.
 They can be composted, reducing the
amount of plastic waste that ends up in
landfills or oceans.
 Bioplastics can be used in a wide
range of applications, including
packaging, textiles, and automotive part
Properties of Bioplastic
 Biodegradability
Bioplastic made from starch is
biodegradable, meaning it can break down
naturally in the environment without
causing harm.
 Mechanical Strength
Starch-based bioplastics have good
mechanical strength, making them suitable
for various applications.
 Thermal Stability
Bioplastics made from starch exhibit good
thermal stability, allowing them to withstand
high temperatures without significant
degradation.
Sources of Starch
Different Sources of Starch for Bioplastic
Production
Starch Source Availability Suitability for

Bioplastic
Production
Corn Abundant and Highly suitable
widely available due to its high
starch content
and ease of
processing
Potatoes Readily Suitable, but
available may require
additional
processing to
extract starch
Tapioca Readily Highly suitable
available due to its high
starch content
and ability to
produce flexible
bioplastics
Requirement
1.POTATO STARCH
2. PROPAN-1,2,3-TRIOL (GLYCEROL)
3.HYDROCHLORIC ACID
4.SODIUM HYDROXIDE
5. SPIRIT LAMP
6.TRIPOD
7.UNIVERSAL INDICATOR PAPER
8.STIRRING ROD
9.CHINA DISH
Procedure
1.Start the experiment by placing tripod over a Spirit lamp with china
dish at above it.
2. Add some water into the china dish. Note: If too much water is
used, the polymer does not so lidify and remains a liquid
3. Then add starch little by little with continuous stir. Avoid making
air bubbles. Note: When starch is dried from an aqueous solution it
forms a film as a result of hydrogen bonding between the chains
4. Add some HCl into the mixture. Note: After step 3 However, the
amylopectininhibits the formation of the film. The addition of
hydrochloric acid breaks the amylopectin down, allowing a more
satisfactory film formation
5. Add propan1,2,3-triol in suitable amount. Note: The addition of

propan-1,2,3-triol has an effect because of its hydroscopic (water
attracting) properties. Water bound to the propan-1,2,3-triol gets in
amongst the starch chains and inhibits the formation of crystalline
areas, preventing brittleness and resulting in more ‘plastic
properties.
6. To neutralize HCl add some NaOH into it.
7. After you observe it forming like Plastic film or Vaseline like gel
lay it down to flat surface.
8. Spread it into long sheet of desired thickness.
9. let it dry properly for at least an hour properly.
10. Peal it out from the surface. And your plastic is formed.
Blending with Other Polymers
One method of chemical modification of starch is blending it with
other polymers. This process improves the mechanical properties and
flexibility of the resulting bioplastic.
Addition of Plasticizers
Another method is the addition of plasticizers to the starch.
Plasticizers increase the flexibility and durability of the bioplastic,
making it more suitable for various applications.
Structural representation is as below

Applications of bioplastics
 Packaging Materials
 Bioplastics made from starch can be used to create
packaging materials such as bags, containers, and
wrappers.
 These bioplastics are biodegradable and compostable,
reducing environmental impact compared to traditional
plastic packaging.
 Disposable Cutlery
 Bioplastic made from starch can be molded into
disposable cutlery such as spoons, forks, and knives.
 These cutlery items are biodegradable and can be
composted, reducing plastic waste in landfills.
 Cosmetics
The cosmetics industry is another big producer of packaging for its products.
Many of these products have a short life span once disposed of they end up in
landfills. When you consider the impact disposable products such as
toothbrushes, hairbrushes, cotton buds and razors are having – it’s no wonder
that brands are starting to look towards alternatives.
Advantages of Bioplastics:
 Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally by

microorganisms, reducing plastic pollution.
 Renewable resources: Made from plant-based
materials like starch, reducing reliance on fossil
fuels.
 Lower carbon footprint: Production process
typically generates fewer greenhouse gases than
traditional plastics.
 Potentially non-toxic: Can be safer for human health
and the environment.
Environmental Impact
 Bioplastic from Starch
Bioplastic made from starch offers several environmental benefits
compared to traditional plastics.
 Biodegradability
Bioplastic made from starch is biodegradable, meaning it can break
down naturally in the environment, reducing the amount of plastic
waste.
 Reduced Carbon Footprint

The production of bioplastic from starch results in a reduced carbon
footprint compared to traditional plastics, as it requires less energy
and emits fewer greenhouse gases during manufacturing
 Reduced Carbon Footprint

The production of bioplastic from starch results in a reduced carbon
footprint compared to traditional plastics, as it requires less energy
and emits fewer greenhouse gases during manufacturing
Conclusion
 Project Summary
The project focused on creating bioplastic from starch
as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics
 Findings
The project successfully demonstrated that bioplastics
can be created from starch, providing a more
environmentally friendly option
 Potential of Bioplastics
Bioplastics have the potential to significantly reduce the
environmental impact of plastic waste and contribute to a
more sustainable future
Reference
Bioplastics: a review on history, materials, characteristics and end of life:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412615/
Bioplastics from starch: a review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26048026/
Bioplastics: An alternative for a sustainable future:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203917300658
Bioplastics: The future market:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468203917300658
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my profound and

appreciation to those who helped me with this
project, for their time expended and for sharing
their insights about the project. I have been
immeasurably enriched by working under the
guidance and supervision of Ashwini PGT Biology
, who has a great level of knowledge and has an
art of encouraging, Correcting and directing me
in every situation possible, which has enabled me
to complete the project. I would also like to thank
all the people who have helped me in this project
and appreciate the available sources who
provided me with the research papers.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that G.GERSON KEVIN of class

XII has completed the biology project entitled
"MAKING A PLASTIC FROM STARCH" himself
and under my guidance. The progress of the
project has been continuously reported and has
been in my knowledge consistently.
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL

EXAMINER
PRINCIPAL
INDXEX
 Certificate
 Acknowledgment
 Introduction to Bioplastics
 Properties of Bioplastic
 Sources of Starch
 Requirement
 Procedure
 Applications of bioplastics
 Advantages of Bioplastics:
 Environmental Impact
 Conclusion
 Reference
Kendriya Vidyalaya Wellington
BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT
“MAKING A PLASTIC FROM
STARCH “
SESSION: 2023-24
Submitted to- Submitted by-

Miss. Ashwin G.GERSON
KEVIN

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Introduction to Bioplastics

 Bioplastics are a type of plastic

Starch Source Availability Suitability for

5. Add propan1,2,3-triol in suitable amount. Note: The addition of

6. To neutralize HCl add some NaOH into it.

8. Spread it into long sheet of desired thickness.

9. let it dry properly for at least an hour properly.

Structural representation is as below

 Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally by

 Reduced Carbon Footprint

 Reduced Carbon Footprint

Bioplastics from starch: a review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26048026/

Bioplastics: An alternative for a sustainable future:

Bioplastics: The future market:

I would like to express my profound and

This is to certify that G.GERSON KEVIN of class

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL

Submitted to- Submitted by-

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