Knowledge Management System in Software Industry

Knowledge Management Benefits For Software Industry
Authored by: Administrator [[email protected]] Saved From: http://www.kbdemo.com/article/knowledge-management-benefits-for-software-industry-134.html The key asset of any software organization is knowledge, because the whole process of software development is very much knowledge intensive. Knowledge is dynamic and evolves with technology, organizational culture and the changing needs of organization"s software development practices. One way to capture organization"s knowledge and make it available to all their team members is to induce the concepts of knowledge management systems within the organization. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN SOFTWARE INDUSTRY Though the software industry is so young in compare to other existing industries, but has become nucleus of almost all industries in today"s computer based world. This leads the demands of software products with better quality and better productivity that can achieve goals like market competitiveness & client satisfaction. To meet these requirements, software organizations have tried to make better use of its all resources. Knowledge is one of its most important resources for any software industry. In past practice, this knowledge has been stored on paper or in people"s mind. Unfortunately, paper has limited accessibility and it is difficult to update. Knowledge in people"s mind is lost when individuals leave the company. Moreover, in a large organization, it can be difficult to localize who have the better knowledge regarding some issue so, knowledge has to be systematically collected, stored in a corporate memory, and shared across the organization. To put knowledge sharing in practice, organizations should acquire knowledge from their members and formalize it to make it available on an organizational level. In this perspective, knowledge management systems (KMS) can be very useful. Knowledge management system involves human resource, enterprise organization and culture, as well as the information technology, methods and tools that support and enable it. KMS (Knowledge Management System) can facilitate creation, access and reuse of knowledge, and its main goals are to promote knowledge growth, communication, preservation and sharing. Knowledge Management can be used to capture the knowledge and experience generated during the software development process. Although every software development project is unique in some sense, similar experiences can help developers to perform their activities. Reusing knowledge can prevent the repetition of past failures and guide the solution of recurrent problems. So, to be effective, a knowledge management system should be integrated to the software process. BENEFITS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT Knowledge management can help software development organizations in myriad ways. Knowledge Management can be used to capture the knowledge and experience that the employees accumulate during the software development process. KM can help software engineers to improve their efficiency, and managers to capture the domain knowledge that software developers acquire during their work. In this paper, we propose a knowledge management environs to enable knowledge management in software industry, the environs considers knowledge capture, store, retrieval, dissemination, reuse and maintenance and moreover the one step ahead from the rest we also provide repository for future vision. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PROCESS A knowledge management system should support the activities that comprise a knowledge process, it must be capable to distinguish between data, information and knowledge & also recognize what kind of knowledge
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is required for the particular process. Data, Information & Knowledge According to Russell Ackoff, a systems theorist and professor of organizational change, the content of the human mind can be classified into following categories: Data: Data is raw facts. It can exist in any form, usable or not. It does not have meaning of itself. In computer parlance, a spreadsheet generally starts out by holding data. Information: Information is data that has been given meaning by way of relational connection. In computer parlance, a relational database makes information from the data stored within it. Knowledge: Knowledge is the appropriate collection of information, it is a deterministic process. When someone "memorizes" information then they have amassed knowledge. In computer parlance, most of the applications we use (modeling, simulation, etc.) exercise some type of stored knowledge. Understanding: Understanding is an interpolative and probabilistic process. It is cognitive and analytical. It is the process by which one can take knowledge and synthesize new knowledge from the previously held knowledge. The difference between understanding and knowledge is the difference between "learning" and "memorizing". Wisdom: Wisdom is an extrapolative and non-deterministic, non-probabilistic process. It calls upon all the previous levels of consciousness, and specifically upon special types of human programming (moral, ethical codes, etc). Wisdom is therefore, the process by which we also discern, or judge, between right and wrong, good and bad. The following diagram represents the transitions from data, to information, to knowledge, and finally to wisdom, and it is understanding that support the transition from each stage to the next. Understanding is not a separate level of its own. It is knowledge management that can help in getting exact knowledge and discern it from data & information. That is why KM can help software industry in countless ways. Before proceeding further we must understand the knowledge process how it works. According to Staab et al., a knowledge process involves the following steps: 1. Creation: The contents need to be created or converted, so that they fit the conventions of the company. Creation of computer-accessible knowledge typically moves between the formal and informal knowledge. It is also possible to import knowledge. 2. Capture: Once you create knowledge items, the next step is to capture their essential contents. Knowledge items have to be captured in order to determine their importance and how they mesh with the company"s vocabulary conventions 3. Retrieval and access: This step satisfies the searches and queries for knowledge by the knowledge worker and dissemination of knowledge in a proactive manner. 3. Use: The knowledge worker will not only recall knowledge items, but will process them for further use. However, the way to use knowledge from the organization"s collective memory becomes quite involved. A "knowledge-friendly" culture is one of the most important factors for the success of knowledge management. Information Source: Knowledge management system in software industry
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