CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the results, analysis and interpretation of data gathered
from the answers to the questionnaires distributed to the field. The said data were
presented in tabular form in accordance with the specific questions posited in the
statement of the problem.

PART I: Profile of the Respondents

Table 1.1
Age of the Respondents

Age Frequency Percent Rank

30-40 11 22% 2
41-50 20 40% 1
51-60 8 16% 3
61-70 8 16% 3
71-80 3 6% 4
Total 50 100%
Table 1.1 shows the frequency, percentages (%) and rank of the age of the
respondents.

There are 20 respondents from the age of 41-50 years old which is equivalent to 40%
of the total respondents and have been classified as number 1 in the rank. 11
respondents from the age of 30-40 years old which is equivalent to 22% of the total
number of respondents and have been classified as number 2 in the rank. Ages from
51-60 and 61-70 years old both have the same frequency of 8 which is equivalent to
16% of the total number of respondents and have been classified as rank 3. The lowest
rank (4) are from the age of 71-80 years old with the total of 3 respondents which is
equivalent to 6% of the total number of respondents.
 This table shows that most of the fish vendors that borrows money from
microfinance institutions are from the age of 41-50 years old which comprises of 40%
of the total number of respondents. Ages from 71-80 years old and comprises 6% of
the total number of respondents has the lowest rank shows that people from this age
are too old to become a fish vendor and a borrower from microfinance institutions.

Table 1.2
Sex of the Respondents

Sex Frequency Percent Rank

Female 33 66% 1
Male 17 34% 2
Total 50 100%

Table 1.2 visualizes the frequency, percent and rank of the sex of the respondents.

Female respondents have been classified as rank 1 with the total number of 33
respondents which is equivalent to 66% of the total respondents. Male respondents
have been classified as rank 2 with the frequency of 17 respondents which is
equivalent to 34% of the total respondents.

From this, the researchers concluded that most of the fish vendors are female and
ventures into borrowing from MFIs compared to the male fish vendors whose likely
to prefer sell and catch fish for a living and not really ventures into borrowing from
MFIs,

Table 1.3
Civil Status of the Respondents

Civil Status Frequency Percent Rank

Single 1 2% 2
Married 49 98% 1
Total 50 100%
Table 1.3 depicts the frequency, percent and rank of the civil status of the
respondents.

The data shows that 49 out of 50 respondents are Married which is equivalent to 98%
of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 1. There is only 1 respondent
out of 50 with the status of Single which is equivalent to 2% of total respondents and
have been classified as rank2.

The data implies that most of the respondents are already married and for some
reasons this incur that those married vendors did that selling fish and borrow from
MFI to support their family for everyday living. Compared to Single vendors who
would probably share to the family or for personal needs.

Table 1.4
Educational Attainment of the Respondents

Educational Attainment Frequency Percent Rank

Elementary Graduate 17 34% 2

Elementary 1 2% 6
Undergraduate
High School Graduate 18 36% 1
High School 8 16% 3
Undergraduate
Vocational 1 2% 6
College Graduate 2 4% 5
College Undergraduate 3 6% 4
Total 50 100%

Table 1.4 shows the frequency, percent and rank of the educational attainment of the
respondents.

The data shows that 18 out of 50 respondents are high school graduates which is
equivalent to 36% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 1.
The data shows that 17 out of 50 respondents are elementary graduates which is
equivalent to 34% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 2.

The data shows that 8 out of 50 respondents are high school undergraduates which is
equivalent to 16% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 3.

The data shows that 3 out of 50 respondents are college undergraduates which is
equivalent to 6% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 4.

The data shows that 2 out of 50 respondents are college graduates which is equivalent
to 4% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 5.

The data shows that there is only 1 respondent from both vocational and elementary
undergraduate which is equivalent to 2% of the total respondents and both have been
classified as rank 6.

From this, the data shows that most of the respondents are high school and elementary
graduates. This implies that most of the respondnets are literate enough to sell fish
and borrow from MFIs. This may incur that they are knowledgable enough to
understand the terms and conditions and perceive the role of MFIs in their lives.
Table 1.5
Size of the Family of the Respondents

Size of the
Family Frequency Percent Rank
1-4 17 34% 2
5-8 29 58% 1
9-12 4 8% 3
Total 50 100%

Table 1.5 shows the frequency, percent and rank of the size of family of the
respondents.
The data shows that 29 out of 50 respondents has the family of 5-8 members which is
equivalent to 58% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 1.

The data shows that 17 out of 50 respondents has the family of 1-4 members which is
equivalent to 34% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 2.

The data shows that 4 out of 50 respondents has the family of 9-12 members which is
equivalent to 8% of the total respondents and have been classified as rank 3.

The table implies that most of the respondents has the family members of 5-8 which
can incur that selling fish in order for the respondents to support their family members
is not enough that is why they still venture into borrowing from MFIs. Compared to
those respondents with 1-4 family members can find selling fish is already enough to
support their family members. Based from the data there are only 4 respondents that
has the family of 9-12 members, though it has the highest number of family members,
the researchers assumed that there are other family members who can support and
provide for the family, that is why venturing into borrowing from MFIs is unlikely for
this kind of family size.

Table 1.6
Years of being a Fish Vendor

Years Percent Rank

Frequency
1-11 36% 1
18
12-22 38% 2
19
23-33 12% 3
6
34-44 10% 4
5
45-55 4% 5
2
Total 50 100%

Table 1.6 shows the frequency, percent and rank of the years of being a fish vendor of
the respondents.
The data shows that there are 19 out of 50 respondents or a percentage of 38 of the
total respondents have been a fish vendor for 12-22 years and classified as rank 1.

The data shows that there are 18 out of 50 respondents or a percentage of 36 of the
total respondents have been a fish vendor for 1-11 years and classified as rank 2.

The data shows that there are 6 out of 50 respondents or a percentage of 12 of the total
respondents have been a fish vendor for 23-33 years and classified as rank 3.

The data shows that there are 5 out of 50 respondents or a percentage of 10 of the total
respondents have been a fish vendor for 34-44 years and classified as rank 4.

The data shows that there are 2 out of 50 respondents or a percentage of 4 of the total
respondents have been a fish vendor for 45-55 years and classified as rank 5.

The table implies that most of the respondents have been selling fish for less than 20
years, this may incur that the respondents venture into borrowing money from MFIs
because some of them can be just starting into their business and needed to still
provide for the business.

Table 1.7
Monthly Income of the Respondents

Monthly Income Frequency Percent Rank

(₱)
1,000-10,000 38 76% 1

10,000-20,000 9 18% 2

20,000-30,000 3 6% 3

Total 50 100%
Table 1.7 shows the frequency, percent and rank of the monthly income of
respondents.

The data shows that 38 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 76% of the total
respondents has the monthly income of 1,000-10,000 pesos and have been classified
as rank 1.

The data shows that 9 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 18% of the total
respondents has the monthly income of 10,000-20,000 pesos and have been classified
as rank 2.

The data shows that 3 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 6% of the total
respondents has the monthly income of 20,000-30-000 pesos and have been classified
as rank 3.

The table implies that the lesser the monthly income of the respondents the higher the
chance of borrowing from MFIs to atleast support and sustain their business. The
higher the monthly income the lower number of respondents and the lower the chance
of borrowing from MFIs.

Table 1.8
Years of being a Borrower
Years Frequency Percent Rank
1-10 37 74% 1
11-20 11 22% 2
21-30 2 4% 3
Total 50 100

Table 1.8 shows the frequency, percent and rank of the years of being a borrower of
the respondents.

The data shows that 37 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 74% of the total
respondents have been a borrower from MFI for 1-10 years, and classified as rank 1.
The data shows that 11 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 22% of the total
respondents have been a borrower from MFI for 11-20 years, and classified as rank 2.

The data shows that 2 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 4% of the total
respondents have been a borrower from MFI for 21-30 years, and classified as rank 3.

The table shows that the shorter the number of years of being a borrower the higher
the number of respondents which can incur that MFIs does not helped the respondents
enough and wants to still acquire the benefits to support their business and families.
The longer the number of years of being a borrower the lesser the number of
respondents which can implies that only few fish vendors can manage to acquire
longer years of borrowing from MFIs.

Table 1.9
Name of Microfinance Institutions

Name of MFI Frequency Percent Rank

ARDCI 22 44% 1
ASA 9 18% 2
BPI 1 2% 6
CARD INC 5 10% 4
Equal share 1 2% 6
Innertrade 4 8% 5
M&M 1 2% 6
PLDC 6 12% 3
Ramirez corp 1 2% 6
Total 50 100%

Table 1.9 shows the name of MFI, frequency, percent and rank of the name of MFI of
the respondents.

The data shows that 22 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 44% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from ARDCI Inc. and classified as rank 1.
The data shows that 9 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 18% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from ASA Philippines and classified as rank 2.

The data shows that 6 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 12% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from PLDC and classified as rank 3.

The data shows that 5 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 10% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from Card Inc. and classified as rank 4.

The data shows that 4 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 8% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from Inner Trade and classified as rank 5.

The data shows that 1 out of 50 respondents which is equivalent to 2% of the total
respondents have been borrowing from BPI, Equalshare, M&M and Ramirez
Corporation and all classified as rank 6.

The table shows that ARDCI Inc. has the higher number of borrowers, which the
researchers concluded that in terms of the benefits, services, terms and conditions,
ARDCI Inc. is popular to fish vendors compared to ASA, PLDC and CARD Inc
considering that these MFIs are old operating institutions. The lower the number of
borrowers, the researchers conclude that the newer or amatuer the MFIs woould be.

PART II
TABLE 2
The Role of Microfinance Institutions

Indicator Frequency Weighted Quantitative Qualitative

1 2 3 4 5 Mean Description Description
1. Enhance living 3 47 4.94 5 Strongly
conditions
Agree
2. Helps achieve 2 2 7 39 4.66 5 Strongly
educational needs
Agree
of children
3. Helps to sustain 4 46 4.92 5 Strongly
their business
Agree
4. Creates 5 1 32 4.54 5 Strongly
constant earning
3 Agree
5. Helps in 9 1 27 4.36 4 Agree
expansion of
4
business
6. Helps to meet 2 48 4.94 5 Strongly
the family needs
Agree
7. Creates job 1 3 1 5 3.42 3 Neither
opportunity
2 2 Agree/Disagr
ee
8. Helps to buy 5 4 8 33 4.38 4 Agree
household assets
9. Helps in house 6 4 4 36 4.40 4 Agree
renovation
10. Helps in 2 2 5 41 4.70 5 Strongly
reducing prior
Agree
debt
11. Helps to 2 3 45 4.82 5 Strongly
improve
Agree
household
incomes
12. Helps in 2 3 45 4.82 5 Strongly
saving incomes
Agree
13. Meets the 3 4 5 38 4.56 5 Strongly
expenditure of
Agree
purchasing of
nets, repairing
boats, and other
accessories.
OVERALL MEAN 4.5 5 Strongly
Agree

Table 2 represents the role of microfinance institutions in the lives of the respondents
(fish vendors). The first column of the table was composed of the different roles of
MFI. The second column is the frequency or the number of respondents, responded to
scale levels of 1-5. The third column was the weighted mean and as for the fourth and
fifth column composed of the qualitative and qualitative description.
On the thirteen (13) roles of MFIs, the overall mean was 4.5 with quantitative
description of 5 and a qualitative description of Strongly Agree. Items from 1-4, 6,
and 10-13 has the highest weighted mean of 5, which implies that respondents
strongly agree that MFIs can enhance their living condition, helps achieve educational
needs of children, helps to sustain their business, creates constant earning, helps to
meet the family needs, helps in reducing prior debt, helps to improve household
incomes, helps in saving incomes, and meets the expenditure of purchasing of nets,
repairing boats, and other accessories. Most of the respondents also agree that MFIs
helps in expansion of business, helps to buy household assets, and helps in house
renovation. Item number 7 has the lowest weighted mean of 3, which implies that the
respondent neither agree or disagree that MFI can create job opportunity. These
maybe due to some reasons that only few respondents have employees and most of
the respondents are self-employed or their income are not enough to pay an employee.

TABLE 3

ATTITUDES (LOAN/PAYMENT) OF FISH VENDORS

Indicator Weight and Weighted Quantitative Qualitative

Frequency Mean Description Description

1 2 3 4 5
1. Punctual 1 49 4.96 5 Always
2. Willingness to 50 5.00 5 Always
repay loans
3. Non-defaulter 7 2 41 4.68 5 Always
4. Non-delinquent 1 1 48 4.94 5 Always
5. Disciplined 50 5.00 5 Always
6. Consistent 1 49 4.98 5 Always
7. Creditworthy 1 49 4.98 5 Always
OVERALL MEAN 4.93 5 Always

Legend:
1- Never
2- Rare
3- Sometimes
4- Often
5- Always
Table 3 represents the attitudes of the fish vendors as a borrower from MFIs. The first
column of the table was composed of the different attitudes of the fish vendors. The
second column is the frequency or the number of respondents, responded to scale
levels of 1-5. The third column was the weighted mean and as for the fourth and fifth
column composed of the qualitative and qualitative description.

On the seven (7) indicators, the overall mean was 4.9, with the quantitative
description of 5 and a qualitative description of Always. This implies that most of the
respondents have positive attitudes as a borrower in terms of being punctual,
willingness to repay loans, non-defaulter, non- delinquent, disciplined, consistency
and creditworthiness.

PART IV
Table 4
Level of Acceptability

Indicator Weight and Weighted Quantitative Qualitative

Frequency Mean Description Description

1 2 3 4 5

1. Loan 50 5.00 5 Highly

requirements
Acceptable
2. Interest Rates 1 49 4.96 5 Highly
Acceptable
3. Insurance 1 1 1 47 4.88 5 Highly
Services
Acceptable
4. Repayment 1 1 48 4.94 5 Highly
Frequency
Acceptable
5. Savings Services 1 2 3 44 4.74 5 Highly
Acceptable
6. Terms and 1 1 48 4.94 5 Highly
Conditions
Acceptable
OVERALL MEAN 4.91 5 Highly
Acceptable
Table 4 represents the level of acceptability of the fish vendors in terms of the loan
requirements, interest rates, insurance services, repayment frequency, savings
services, and terms and conditions of MFIs.The first column of the table was
composed of the different loan policies of MFIs. The second column is the frequency
or the number of respondents, responded to scale levels of 1-5. The third column was
the weighted mean and as for the fourth and fifth column composed of the qualitative
and qualitative description.

On the six (6) loan policies, the overall weighted mean was 4.91, with the quantitative
description of 5 and a qualitative description of Highly Acceptable. This implies that
that most of the respondents highly accepts the different loan policies of the MFI that
they have been borrowing from, in terms of loan requirements, interest rates,
insurance services, repayment frequency, savings services, and terms and conditions.

CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
This chapter shows the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations
drawn from the coclusions. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of
microfinance institutions in the lives of the fish vendors in selected barangays in the
municipality of San Andres. In this study data was collected through survey
questionnaires.

Summary of Findings

5.1 Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents

As of Age - The findings shows that most of the fish vendors that borrows money
from microfinance institutions are from the age of 41-50 years old which comprises of
40% of the total number of respondents. Ages from 71-80 years old and comprises
6% of the total number of respondents has the lowest rank shows that people from this
age are too old to become a fish vendor and a borrower from microfinance
institutions.
As of Sex- The finding shows that most of the fish vendors are female and ventures
into borrowing from MFIs compared to the male fish vendors whose likely to prefer
sell and catch fish for a living and not really ventures into borrowing from MFIs.
As to Civil Status - The finding shows that most of the respondents are already
married and for some reasons this incur that those married vendors did that selling
fish and borrow from MFI to support their family for everyday living. Compared to
Single vendors who would probably just share to the family or for personal needs.
As of Educational Attainment - The finding shows that most of the respondents are
high school and elementary graduates. This implies that most of the respondnets are
literate enough to sell fish and borrow from MFIs. This may incur that they are
knowledgable enough to understand the terms and conditions and perceive the role of
MFIs in their lives.
As to the Size of the Family - The finding shows that most of the respondents has the
family members of 5-8 which can incur that selling fish in order for the respondents to
support their family members is not enough that is why they still venture into
borrowing from MFIs. Compared to those respondents with 1-4 family members can
find selling fish is already enough to support their family members. Based from the
data there are only 4 respondents that has the family of 9-12 members, though it has
the highest number of family members, the researchers assumed that there are other
family members who can support and provide for the family, that is why venturing
into borrowing from MFIs is unlikely for this kind of family size.
As to Years of Being a Fish Vendor - The finding shows that most of the respondents
have been selling fish for less than 20 years, this may incur that the respondents
venture into borrowing money from MFIs because some of them can be just starting
into their business and needed to still provide for the business.
As to Monthly Income - The finding shows that the lesser the monthly income of the
respondents the higher the chance of borrowing from MFIs to atleast support and
sustain their business. The higher the monthly income the lower number of
respondents and the lower the chance of borrowing from MFIs.
As to Years of Being a Borrower - The finding shows that the shorter the number of
years of being a borrower the higher the number of respondents which can incur that
MFIs does not helped the respondents enough and wants to still acquire the benefits to
support their business and families. The longer the number of years of being a
borrower the lesser the number of respondents which can implies that only few fish
vendors can manage to acquire longer years of borrowing from MFIs.
As to the Type/Name of MFI - The findings shows that ARDCI Inc. has the higher
number of borrowers, which the researchers concluded that in terms of the benefits,
services, terms and conditions, ARDCI Inc. is popular to fish vendors compared to
ASA, PLDC and CARD Inc considering that these MFIs are old operating
institutions. The lower the number of borrowers, the researchers conclude that the
newer or amatuer the MFIs woould be.

5.2 Roles of Microfinance Institutions

The findings shows that majority of the respondents strongly agree (which has
the highest mean of 5) to the following roles of MFI; enhance their living condition,
helps achieve educational needs of children, helps to sustain their business, creates
constant earning, helps to meet the family needs, helps in reducing prior debt, helps to
improve household incomes, helps in saving incomes, and meets the expenditure of
purchasing of nets, repairing boats, and other accessories. Some respondents agree
(with the weighted mean of 4) to the following roles; helps in expansion of business,
helps to buy household assets, and helps in house renovation. Item number 7 got the
lowest rank (with the weighted mean of 3), which implies that minority of the
respondents that MFIs neither agree or disagree that MFI can create job opportunity
considering that the respondents maybe self-employed or their monthly income are
not enough to pay wages to the employee.

5.3 Attitudes of the Respondents

The findings shows that majority of the respondents have the positives
attitudes in borrowing from MFI. The overall mean of 5 implies an qualitative
description of Always and shows that they are punctual, has the willingness to repay
loans, non-defaulter, non- delinquent, disciplined, consistent and creditworthy.

5.4 Level of Acceptability

The finding shows that majority of the respondents highly accepts all the loan
policies presented in the survey questionnaire namely; loan requirements, interest
rates, insurance services, repayment frequency, savings services, and terms and
conditions.

Conclusions
From the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The respondents from the selected barangay in the municipality of San Andres,
were most likely female. This implies that women ventures into borrowing from MFI
and most likely to handle financial matters of the family.
2. Majority of the respondents are married are ventures into borrowing from MFI to
support the everyday living of their families.
3. Only 4% of 100% of the respondents have been borrowing from MFI for 21-30
years which implies that some don’t really last longer as a borrower of MFI.
4. ARDCI Inc was the popular MFI for fish vendors in selected barangays in San
Andres.
5. Microfinance Institutions enhance their living condition, helps achieve educational
needs of children, helps to sustain their business, creates constant earning, helps to
meet the family needs, helps in reducing prior debt, helps to improve household
incomes, helps in saving incomes, and meets the expenditure of purchasing of nets,
repairing boats, and other accessories, helps in expansion of business, helps to buy
household assets, and helps in house renovation. But, neither agree of disagree that
MFI creates job opportunity. This implies that the respondents only ventures into
borrowing from MFI for their everyday living and for their business but not for
paying wages to employees.
6. The majority of the respondents have positive attitudes as a borrower from MFIs
7. The majority of the respondents highly accepts the loan policies of their respected
MFIs.

Recommendations

1. The government should also offer services and programs for fish vendors not just in
the Municipality of San Andres but all over the province, to sustain their business, to
provide for the family as well as to create job opportunities for others and to enable
them to not venture into MFI. Aside from abaca, fishing is one of the major livelihood
in the province of Catanduanes according from FAO. Instead of venturing into
borrowing from MFIs, maybe the government must take an effort to hear the voices of
the fish vendors to atleast help them in sustaining their business.
2. According from the fish vendors that the researchers have interviewed not every
month is a peak season for fishing, in one month they have just 17 days to catch fish
from the sea and sell it. The researchers recommend that the government should help
the fish vendors to have an alternartive source of income.