TB SOLUTION: Ch 6

Std. : VIII Sub. : Chemistry Topic Ch 6: Chemical Reactions

Name: Roll No. Code: C-6/8
(A) Tick the most appropriate answer:-
(1) chemical bonds (2) cation (3) covalent bond
(4) combination reaction (5) decomposition reaction (6) bromine
(7) silver chloride (8) hydrochloric acid (9) decreases
(10) exothermic reactions

(B) Fill in the blanks:-

(1) ionic (2) anion (3) ionic (4) red
(5) base (6) top (7) endothermic (8) Oxides

(C) Match the following:-

(1) g (2) a (3) h (4) i
(5) b (6) e (7) f (8) c

(D) Write true or false. Correct the false statements:-

(1) True
(2) False, When electricity is passed through acidified water, it decomposes to give
hydrogen and oxygen
(3) True
(4) True
(5) False, neutralization reaction between acid and bases are exothermic reactions
(6) True
(7) False. Basic oxides that are dissolved in water turn red litmus blue.

(E) Write the formula for the following:-

(1) Reactants (2) Products (3) Ionic compounds
(4) Decomposition reaction(5) Displacement reaction (6) Catalysts
(7) precipitate (8) Oxides

(F) Write the names of the compounds represented by the following formula:-
(1) Decomposition (2) Displacement reaction (3) Neutralization reaction
(4) Combination reaction

(G) Complete the following chemical equations and balance them:-

(1) AgCl → Ag + Cl2
(2) Cl2 + KBr → KCl +Br2.
(3) BaCl2 + Na2SO4 → CuSO4 + H20
(4) CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H20
(5) Pb(NO3)2 → PbO + NO2 +O2

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 (H) Answer the following in short:-
(1) A chemical reaction defined as a process in which one or more substances are
converted into one or more different substances.
(2)
Sr Electrovalent Bond Covalent bond
No.

1 The attractive force between When two atoms share electrons,

oppositely charged ions that holds the they form a bond called a covalent
ions together is called as an ionic or bond
electrovalent bond

2 Metals react with non-metal to form Covalent bonds are generally formed
an ionic compound between two nonmetals

(3) A chemical reaction in which two compounds in their aqueous solution interchange
their ions to form new compounds is called as double displacement reaction or double
decomposition reaction. It is represented as AB+CD → AD+CB
(4) A neutralization reaction is a type of double displacement reaction which an acid and a
base will react together to form a salt and water
(5)
Sr Acid Base
No.

1 An acid yields hydronium ion(H+) An alkali yields hydroxyl ions(OH-)

when dissolved in water when dissolved in water

2 Acid turns blue litmus paper or Base turns red litmus paper or
solution red solution blue

(6) Displacement reactions

(7)
Sr Exothermic reaction Endothermic reaction
No.

1 Chemical reactions in which heat Chemical reactions in which heat

energy is evolved are called as energy is absorbed are called as
exothermic reactions exothermic reactions

2 Dissolution of quicklime in water: Decomposition of calcium carbonate:

1000℃
CaO+H20 -->Ca(OH)2 + heat CaCO3 - ->CaO + CO2
.
(8) Based on the acid-base characteristics, oxides are classified in to acidic oxides,basic
oxides, amphoteric oxide and neutral oxides

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(G) Answer the following in detail:-
(1) The types of chemical reactions are:
(i) Combination reaction:
Burning of magnesium: when a piece of magnesium ribbon is burned or ignited in air, it burns
with a white dazzling light to form a white powder of magnesium oxide 2Mg +O 2 → 2MgO
(ii) Decomposition reaction:
Decomposition of limestone on heating: When limestone is heated, it breaks up into calcium
oxide and carbon dioxide : CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
(iii) Displacement reaction
Reaction of Zinc with copper Zinc being more reactive can displace copper from a solution of
copper(II) sulphate Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
(iv) Double displacement reaction:
-Precipitation reaction- reaction between solution of sodium chloride and a solution of silver
nitrate: when the solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chloride react, a white precipitate of
silver chloride is produced along with sodium nitrate. AgNO3 +NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
-Neutralization reaction- Reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid: when a
solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride and water
are formed NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
(2) The activity series of metals help us to predict which metals will replace other metals. As you
move down the activity series, the reactivity of metals decreases. It means that the most
reactive metal is at the top of the series and the least reactive metal is at the bottom.It is
observed that a more reactive metal can replace the ion of any metal lower than it on the list.
A highly reactive metal can also displace a less reactive non-metal in a reaction. For example a
more active halogen can displace ions of less reactive halogen from their compounds. Hence
this forms the principle of displacement reactions based on reactivity of metals and non-
metals.
(3) Aim: To study the reaction between acids and bases
Materials required Sodium hydroxide solution, phenolphthalein solution, dilute hydrochloric
acid solution, red and blue litmus a burette, conical flask, pipette, clamping stand.
Procedure:
1. Take about 5 ml of dilute HCl in a conical flask. add a drop or two of phenolphthalein
solution to it
2. Take sodium hydroxide solution in a burette. Add this solution to the hydrochloric acid in
the conical flask drop by drop with constant stirring
Observation: A stage is reached when the solution in the conical flask just changes to pink.
3. Divide the solution into two parts to one add a blue litmus paper and to the other a red
litmus paper.
Observation: there is no change in either of the litmus paper
Conclusion: A neutralization reaction has taken place between the two reactants since the
solution obtained is neither acidic nor basic in nature.
(4) Chemical reactions in which heat energy is evolved are called exothermic reactions
1. Dissolution of quicklime in water: When water is added to quicklime(calcium oxide),
a lot of heat energy is produced with calcium hydroxide CaO + H2O→ Ca(OH)2 + heat
2. Neutralization reaction between acid and a base: when a solution of sodium
hydroxide and reacts with hydrochloric acid, heat is produced with sodium chloride
and water NaOH + HCl→ NaCl + H2O + heat

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 (5) Preparation of oxides are as follows:
1. By the direct combination of metals and non-metals with oxygen: When they are heated,
many metals and non-metals react with oxygen in the air to produce the respective metal
oxides and non metal oxides.2Mg + O2→ 2MgO
2. By the thermal decomposition of metal carbonates: when metal carbonates are heated
strongly, metal oxides are formed. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
3. By the thermal decomposition of metal nitratesL; Metal nitrates decompose on heating to
give metal oxides, brown nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. 2Pb(NO3)2 → 2PbO +4NO2 + O2
4. By the thermal decomposition of metal sulphates: Metal sulphates decomposes to produce
metal oxide and gaseous products such as sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide. 2FeSO4→
Fe2O3+SO2+SO3
(6)
Sr Acidic oxide Basic oxide
No.

1 Acidic oxides are oxides of non metal basic oxides are oxides of metal

2 They dissolve in water to produce They dissolve in water to produce

acid base.

3 Acidic oxide turns blue litmus red Basic oxide turns red litmus blue

4 Eg: SO2 +H2O-->H2SO3 Eg: CaO + H2O→ Ca(OH)2

Sr Amphoteric oxide Neutral oxide

No.

1 Amphoteric oxides are metallic oxides Neutral oxides show neither acidic nor
that show both basic and acidic basic properties
properties

2 Amphoteric oxide reacts with both Neutral oxides do not form salt while
acid and base to form salt and water resting with acid or a base

3 ZnO+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2O(Basic CO, N2O, NO

property)
ZnO +2NaOH→ Na2ZnO2+H2O(Acidic
property)

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