4.03 Deswik - IS For UGM Tutorial

Training Tutorial
Deswik.IS
Interactive Scheduler
Underground Metals
Module ID: 4.03
Duration: 1.5 days
Deswik Mining Consultants (Australia) Pty Ltd ABN: 28 130 036 832 T: +61 3292 2700 F: +61 7 3831 3312
W: deswik.com E: [email protected] A: Level 22, Riparian Plaza, 71 Eagle Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Australia
Copyright
Copyright over this document and any accompanying models or data is reserved by Deswik Mining Consultants
(Australia) Pty Ltd (“Deswik”). This document is only to be used by the Client under the terms outlined herein. It
may not be distributed, reproduced or circulated in any way. It may not be edited or amended in any way, unless
expressly agreed to by Deswik. Products and registered logos referred to in this document are trademarks of their
respective owners and these trademarks are hereby acknowledged.
17
Confidentiality
20
This tutorial is subject to Deswik Standard Terms and Conditions which detail the confidentiality obligations of
both Deswik and the Client. The Client should treat this tutorial and any accompanying documents, models or
ep
data as confidential at all times.
-S
Version Control
M
A summary of the revision history of this document follows:
Version
Number
Build
Number
Date
Modified G Comments
SD
4.0 4.0 Nov 2013 Release
4.1 5.1 Oct 2015 Update process, branding and images

i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
2 | Page
CONTENTS
1. Training Module Instructions 7
1.1. Module Symbols 7
2. Introduction 8
2.1. Licensing 9
17
3. Learning Objectives 10
20
3.1. Review Completed Project 10
4. Getting Started 12
ep
4.1. Files and Documents 12
-S
4.2. Loading the IS 13
4.3. Create Filter Legend 14
M
5. Project Options 16
5.1. Load the Deswik.Sched File G 16

SD
5.2. Project Setup Wizard 17
5.3. Project Options Setup 20

i-
5.3.1 General Settings | Data 20

nt
ha
5.3.2 Attributes | Define 21
5.3.3 Attributes | Field Builder 22

As
5.3.4 Interrogation | Settings 22

d
5.3.5 Interrogation | Fields 23

ol
5.4. Derived Tasks 24

oG
5.4.1 Production Drilling | Settings 25

gl
5.4.2 Production Drilling | Fields 25

An
5.4.3 Production Drilling | Graphics 26
5.4.4 Production Drilling | Dependencies 27
5.4.5 Production Drilling | Scheduling 28
5.5. Backfill Derived Task 29
5.5.1 Backfill | Settings 29
5.5.2 Backfill | Fields 29
5.5.3 Backfill | Graphics 30
3 | Page
5.5.4 Backfill | Dependencies 31
5.5.5 Backfill | Scheduling 31
5.6. Manage the Deswik.Sched File 32
5.6.1 Close the Deswik.Sched File 32
5.6.2 Open the Deswik.Sched File 33
5.7. Chapter Review 33
17
6. Activity Types 35
20
6.1. Activity Type | Tunnels 35
ep
6.1.1 Activity Type | Field Values 38
6.2. Activity Type | Stopes 39
-S
6.3. Activity Type | Solids 40
M
7. Create Activities 42
7.1. Create Tunnels

G 42
SD
7.2. Create Stopes 44
7.3. Create from Solids 49

i-
7.4. Review the Results 50

nt
7.4.1 Deswik.CAD Results 51

ha
7.4.2 Deswik.Sched Results 52

As
8. Attribute Assignment 56
d
ol
8.1. Automatic Assignment 56

oG
9. Scheduler Tools 59
9.1. Interactive Options 59

gl
9.1.1 Interactively Select Graphics 60

An
9.1.2 Interactively Select Tasks 61
9.2. Display Tools 61
9.2.1 Graphics Display Tools 62
9.2.2 Task Display Tools 62
10. Manage Activities 64
11. Dependency Creation 66
4 | Page
11.1. Manual Assignment 67
11.2. Automatic Dependencies 72
11.3. Review Automatic Dependencies 76
11.3.1 Graphical Dependencies 76
11.3.2 Scheduler Dependencies 78
11.4. Dependency Animation 78
17
11.5. Import Automatic Assignment Rules 80
20
11.6. Review Dependencies 81
ep
11.6.1 Graphical dependencies 82
11.6.2 Scheduler Dependencies 84
-S
11.7. Dependency Animation 84
M
12. Resources
G 86
SD
12.1. Multiple Resource Assignments 86
12.2. Resource Leveling 87

i-
12.3. Animate and Analyze the Schedule 88

nt
13. Update Survey Actuals 90

ha
13.1. Tunnel Face Positions 90

As
13.1.1 Survey Results 99
13.2. Rollback Original Tasks 100

d
ol
13.2.1 Optional Exercise 101

oG
14. Batch Updates 103
14.1. Interrogate 103

gl
14.2. Create Derived Tasks 104

An
14.2.1 Cable Bolting Setup 104
14.2.2 Production Cable Bolting Derived Task 106
14.3. Update Existing Derived Tasks from Parents 112
14.4. Update Graphics Attributes from Deswik.Sched 113
14.5. Update Start and Finish Dates from Deswik.Sched 114
15. Reporting 115
15.1. Cut Tunnels and outlines by Date 115
5 | Page
16. Project Review 118
17. Optional Exercises 119
18. Support 121
18.1. Help Files 121
18.2. Client Portal 121
17
18.2.1 Client Portal Access 121
20
18.3. Support Contacts 122
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
6 | Page
1. TRAINING MODULE INSTRUCTIONS
You can complete this training module in a self-paced environment or as a guided training course. You will use a
variety of tools and functions within Deswik.IS to complete the course.
This tutorial is a dual-purpose training module containing a mix of reading theory and practical exercises.
1.1. MODULE SYMBOLS
17
Throughout the module, various symbols indicate what to do and account for at that stage of the training. The
20
table below explains the purpose and requirements for the various symbols.
Symbol Description Detail
ep
Exercise The Exercise symbol represents the steps to follow to complete the training project.
-S
Critical The Critical Information symbol represents details to remember and account for
Information when performing this process in the future.
M
General The General Information symbol provides further information on the fields or
Information
G
functionality used at this step of the training.
SD
Hints and The Hints and Tips symbol represents information to help navigate to a section of the
Tips tutorial or to a similar outside process.
Quality The Quality Check symbol indicates that you need to check the project results. If not
i-
Check checked, further action or practice might be the result.

nt
Optional The Optional Practice symbol provides ideas and an opportunity to do further
ha
Practice practice. Although the practice is not compulsory, it might help to embed the learning
objectives.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
7 | Page
2. INTRODUCTION
Deswik.IS (interactive scheduler) bridges the gap between designing and scheduling.
Deswik.IS produces a Gantt chart schedule that you can change and update via Deswik.CAD.
The planning engineer can make changes to the graphics, and the results update in the schedule. This facilitates
rapid schedule development, with time to analyze scenarios, rather than manipulate data.
The main features of Deswik.IS include:
17
l Generate tasks from design data, including ancillary tasks such as drilling and blasting
20
l Update and revise mine plans quickly
l Integrates long, medium and short term plans in one schedule
ep
l Direct integration with Gantt chart provides schedule visualization
l Reconciliation tools utilizing updated survey data
-S
l Powerful graphic reporting of mine plans and schedules.
This training module covers the common tools and functions in Deswik.IS, in an underground metals
M
operation. You can apply these lessons and concepts to a range of projects.
G
SD
For this tutorial, you will only work on the West Ore Body (the lode closest to the surface).
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
8 | Page
To complete this tutorial, you must have the Deswik.Suite downloaded and have a valid license. When you
attend a training course, the facilitator will provide you with a software file to download and a temporary
license.
2.1. LICENSING
Deswik.IS is a module that you can manage from the Plugin Manager in Deswik.CAD.
17
Modules or plugins, such as the Deswik.IS require a separate license. This means that a valid license for
Deswik.IS must be loaded before using the plugin.
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
Refer to the Help Files on page 121 page for further information on Deswik licensing. For details on accessing
ha
the Deswik Client Portal, refer to the Support chapter of this tutorial.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
9 | Page
3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
This module introduces the layout, common tools, and functionality of Deswik.IS. At the end of this tutorial, you
should be able to:
l Create a filter based legend
l Define the project options
l Create production drilling and backfill derived tasks
17
l Manage the scheduler file
l Define the tunnel, stope and solid activity types
20
l Create tunnel and stope tasks
l Automatically assign attributes to the design entities
ep
l Interactively select or display graphical and scheduler tasks
Manage activities in Deswik.CAD and Deswik.Sched
-S
l
l Create automatic dependency rules

l Animate the schedule dependencies
M
l Create manual dependencies
l Assign resources via multiple assignment rules
G
SD
l Level the schedule
l Animate and analyze the schedule
i-
l Update tunnel face positions

nt
l Rollback original tasks

Create cable bolting derived tasks via batch updates
ha
l Update existing derived tasks

As
l Update graphic attributes from the schedule

l Update start and finish dates from the schedule
d
l Cut tunnels based on the meters mined

ol
oG
3.1. REVIEW COMPLETED PROJECT

gl
The training uses a Deswik.CAD file containing basic design data, and a Deswik.Sched template to guide you
An
through the steps to build an integrated Deswik.IS project. To build the project, you use the Deswik.IS tools to
define and create graphical and scheduler tasks. The data for this project comes from a fictitious underground
gold mine built for training purposes.
At the conclusion of the training, you should have a Deswik.IS project similar to the completed project. Browse to
the Completed Project folder and review the Deswik.CAD and Deswik.Sched files.
10 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
If you are using this module outside of a facilitated training session, refer to the completed project. Check that
SD
the inputs and outputs for the various exercises match the completed project.
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
11 | Page
4. GETTING STARTED
This training tutorial includes a mix of theory and practical exercises. You will define the majority of the project
settings via the Deswik.IS.
A Deswik.CAD file with the design data, and a Deswik.Sched file with some inputs, forms the starting data for
this training.
Please complete the following exercise:
17
1. Click the Deswik.CAD shortcut icon on the desktop.
20
2. After the application loads, open the 4.03 IS Underground Metals Starting Data_CAD file.
ep
3. Review the starting survey and design data.
-S
Create a folder to save the files that you generate during this training session.
M
4.1. FILES AND DOCUMENTS
G
SD
The files and documents you require to complete this module are:
Name Type
i-
4.03 IS for Underground Metals v4.1 Electronic Folder

nt
4.03 IS Underground Metals Tutorial v4.1 Printed document

ha
Starting Data Electronic Folder
4.03 IS Underground Metals Starting Data_CAD Deswik.CAD file

As
4.03 IS Underground Metals Starting Data_Sched Deswik.Sched file

d
Import Data Electronic Folder

ol
4.03 IS Underground Metals Auto Dep Rules Deswik Auto Dependency file
oG
VALENS UG_BM 20x20x20 Deswik Block Model file
Zone_Xpt Deswik Table Viewer file

gl
Zone_Xtr Deswik Table Viewer file

An
Completed Project Electronic Folder
4.03 IS Underground Metals Completed Project_CAD Deswik.CAD file
4.03 IS Underground Metals Completed Project_Sched Deswik.Sched file
4.03 IS Underground Metals Animation Video file
Browse to the folder provided with this training module, and check the files and documents listed in the table.
12 | Page
4.2. LOADING THE IS
Configure the project settings via the Deswik.IS module, that you load from the Deswik.CAD main menu.
To load Deswik.IS: on the CAD menu, click Tools | Interactive Scheduler.
You should access Deswik.IS from the Tools menu, rather than the Plugin Manager. After you load the module
17
in a project, and then save the project, the module becomes part of the project settings.
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
By default, the Deswik.IS window docks with the Layer Control window on the left side of the user interface.
13 | Page
4.3. CREATE FILTER LEGEND
To report on the material types from an interrogation, create a legend to define the material in the block model.
Review the existing Deswik.CAD filters that define the material types.
17
20
ep
-S
M
The existing filters reference global constant values. G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
1. In Deswik.CAD, open the LEGENDS dialog box.

d
ol
2. Create a Material Classification legend, and then click Filter Bins in the Create menu.
oG
3. In the ADD FILTER BINS dialog box, select the following filters:
gl
An
14 | Page
4. Update the Bin colors to complete the legend as follows:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
15 | Page
5. PROJECT OPTIONS
Deswik.IS provides a couple of methods you can use to set up your project:
l You can use the Project Setup Wizard to guide you through the process.
l You can choose the manual process to define or edit your project options.
You will cover both methods in the following chapters.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
Before you begin, you need a schedule file that relates to your project. This Deswik.Sched file will include data,
ha
such as production and custom fields, that will link with data in the Deswik.CAD file.
As
5.1. LOAD THE DESWIK.SCHED FILE

d
ol
Before starting the wizard, open the Deswik.Sched file and review the content.
oG
To preserve the Deswik.Sched file and its inputs, make a backup copy of the Deswik.Sched Starting Dataset
file and save it to the same location.
gl
An
16 | Page
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Settings | Project Options to display the OPTIONS dialog box.
2. Map the Scheduler File to the 4.03 IS Underground Metals Starting Dataset_Sched file, and then click
Load to open the file.
3. Review the Deswik.Sched file content, including the production and custom fields.
While the Deswik.Sched file contains some data, you will create the majority of the data via Deswik.IS.
17
20
5.2. PROJECT SETUP WIZARD
ep
Use the Project Setup Wizard to set up your project with the following settings:
-S
l Define the Deswik.Sched project
l Define the group and graphic attributes
Define the block model and interrogation settings
M
l
Map the interrogation legend settings
G
l
l Create production and custom field.

SD
i-
1. In the OPTIONS dialog box, click Project Setup Wizard.

nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
2. Click Next to display the Select Layers screen.
17 | Page
3. Select the following layers:
17
20
ep
-S
M
4. Click Next to display the Import Attributes screen.
5. Enter the following graphic and grouping attribute settings: G

SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
You can define the attribute type as Grouping (attributes build up a unique naming convention for the
gl
tasks) or Graphic (attributes that you want assigned to the graphical designs), and specify if you want to
import the attributes as custom or production fields.
An
6. Alternatively, click the Add All button to import attributes from the design data layers.
7. Click Next to display the Interrogation screen.
18 | Page
8. Enter the following settings, and then click Next to display the Geological Fields screen.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
The mining method that you select determines the standard list of interrogation fields.
SD
9. Select the following Fields to Interrogate, and then click Next to display the Filter Synchronization
i-
screen.
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
10. No Filter Synchronization settings are required, click Next.
11. Click Finish to exit the wizard and return to the OPTIONS dialog box.
19 | Page
12. Click OK to close the OPTIONS dialog box.
13. Click OK to create the data layers and close the message.
17
20
5.3. PROJECT OPTIONS SETUP
ep
After completing the setup wizard, you need to check and update the project options. Other settings, such as
building attributes and creating derived tasks can also be set via the OPTIONS dialog box.
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
5.3.1 GENERAL SETTINGS | DATA

ol
oG
Define the Deswik.Sched project and graphical layers that contain information related to your project.
You have already defined the general settings via the setup wizard.
gl
An
20 | Page
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Settings | Project Options to open the OPTIONS dialog box.
2. Review the information on the General Settings | Data screen.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
5.3.2 ATTRIBUTES | DEFINE
Define the project attributes to synchronize between Deswik.Sched and Deswik.CAD.

i-
You have already defined the attributes via the setup wizard, but you need to make some updates.
nt

ha
As
1. Click Attributes | Define, and click OK to create the new SCHEDULER layers.
2. In the Attributes Define screen, update the grids with the following settings:
d
ol
oG
gl
An
21 | Page
5.3.3 ATTRIBUTES | FIELD BUILDER
Define how to build any naming convention field from the attributes.
For this tutorial, you will define a Name field that will apply a unique naming convention to the tasks.
1. Enter the following settings to create the Name field:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
Each task will have a Name attribute in Deswik.CAD and a Name field in Deswik.Sched.
ha
As
5.3.4 INTERROGATION | SETTINGS

d
Define the settings that control the process of interrogating information from a geological model.
ol
You have already defined the interrogation settings via the setup wizard.
oG
gl
An
22 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
5.3.5 INTERROGATION | FIELDS
M
Define which production fields inDeswik.Sched will store the information calculated during the interrogation.
G
You have already defined the interrogation fields via the setup wizard, but you need to make some updates.
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
Update the Volume and Tonnes Scheduler Fields (top two rows) to Insitu Volume and Insitu Tonnes.
23 | Page
The scheduler fields after updating the top two rows.
17
20
ep
-S
M
5.4. DERIVED TASKS G
SD
You can create derived tasks from any parent task. They represent a task that is in the cycle of extracting the main
mining block.
i-
For example, the parent task is the excavation of the dirt within a block and the predecessor tasks are drilling
nt
and blasting.
ha
For this tutorial, create production drilling and backfill derived tasks.
As

d
1. In the OPTIONS dialog box, click Derived Tasks | Derived Tasks.

ol
2. Add a new derived task called Production Drilling.

oG
gl
An
24 | Page
5.4.1 PRODUCTION DRILLING | SETTINGS
You can define which parent tasks to use, to create the derived task, to group them by, and if there are any
exclusions.
For this tutorial, apply a filter so the production drilling tasks only apply to the stope activity types.
17
Click the Settings tab, and then select STOPES in the Parent Task Filter list.
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
5.4.2 PRODUCTION DRILLING | FIELDS

nt
ha
You can define the parent task fields that will determine the makeup of the derived task.

As
Click the Fields tab, and then enter the following settings:
d
ol
oG
gl
An
25 | Page
Activity Type
17
20
ep
-S
Production Drill Tonnes
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
Refer to the help files for detailed information on the derived tasks. This includes the Value, Group By, and
gl
Calculate settings.
An
The Set Prod Fields: Reset All to 0 setting ensures all other production fields are set to zero.
5.4.3 PRODUCTION DRILLING | GRAPHICS
You can define a symbol to represent the derived task in the dependency creation process.
To define the symbol, click the Graphics tab, and then enter the following settings:
26 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
The settings for the dependency symbol determine the look and position of the graphical link.
M
G
SD
5.4.4 PRODUCTION DRILLING | DEPENDENCIES
You can link the derived tasks to their related tasks, using dependencies from the Deswik.Sched file.
i-

nt
ha
1. Prior to defining the dependency settings, create a new derived task called Backfill.
2. Click Yes, to copy the settings from the production drilling task.
As
d
ol
oG
Copying the settings from an existing Derived Task will save input time. The current Derived Task
(Production Drilling) will reference the new Derived Task (Backfill) in the dependency settings.
gl
An
27 | Page
3. Select the Production Drilling task, click the Dependencies tab, and then enter the following settings:
17
20
ep
-S
M
5.4.5 PRODUCTION DRILLING | SCHEDULING
G
You can set the task type, rate and constraint type for the derived task.
SD
You will assign resources to the tasks via Multiple Assignment rules in Deswik.Sched.
i-

nt
To define the task details, click the Scheduling tab, and then enter the following settings:
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
The rate unit for the derived task must match the production field abbreviation in Deswik.Sched.
28 | Page
17
5.5. BACKFILL DERIVED TASK
20
With the production drilling task defined, you can repeat the process to create the backfill task.
ep
5.5.1 BACKFILL | SETTINGS
-S
For this tutorial, define the backfill task for the solids.
M
The Backfill settings are the same as the Production Drilling settings.
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
5.5.2 BACKFILL | FIELDS

gl
You can define the parent task fields that will determine the makeup of the derived task.
An
To define the fields, click the Fields tab, and then update the following settings:
29 | Page
Activity Type
17
20
ep
-S
M
Backfill Volume
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
5.5.3 BACKFILL | GRAPHICS
You can offset the dependency link symbol so it is not in the same spot as the drilling symbol.
To define the graphic symbol, click the Graphics tab, and then enter the following settings:
30 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
5.5.4 BACKFILL | DEPENDENCIES
G
SD
You can link the derived tasks to their related tasks, using dependencies from the Deswik.Sched file.

i-
To create the dependencies, click the Dependencies tab, and then enter the following settings:
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
5.5.5 BACKFILL | SCHEDULING
You can set the task type, rate and constraint type for the derived task.
To define the task details, click the Scheduling tab, and then enter the following settings:
31 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
The Deswik.IS project options are setup, click OK to save and close the OPTIONS dialog box.
M
5.6. MANAGE THE DESWIK.SCHED FILE
G
SD
Deswik.IS has scheduler settings tools that you use to open or close the attached Deswik.Sched file.
If you change the Deswik.Sched file name or location, you will need to remap the file in Project Options.
i-
nt
5.6.1 CLOSE THE DESWIK.SCHED FILE

ha
When you close the Deswik.Sched file via the Deswik.IS, a message displays so you can save and close the
As
schedule file.

d
ol
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click the arrow next to the settings menu.
oG
gl
An
32 | Page
The function that you last used is set as the default function and the button image will change to the
matching symbol. You can click the button without expanding the menu to perform the function.
2. Click Close Scheduler.
17
20
ep
3. Click OK to save and close the Deswik.Sched file.
-S
5.6.2 OPEN THE DESWIK.SCHED FILE
M
As you have mapped the Deswik.Sched file via project options, you can now open the Deswik.Sched file via the
G
Deswik.IS to save on time, and to ensure the Deswik.Sched file connects to the Deswik.CAD file.
SD
1. Open the Deswik.IS settings menu.

i-
2. Click Open Scheduler to open the Deswik.Sched file.

nt
ha
When you use Deswik.IS, open the Deswik.Sched file via this method to ensure it connects with the
Deswik.CAD file.
As
The Deswik.CAD and Deswik.Sched icons overlap on the taskbar when the files are connected.
d
ol
oG
gl
If you DO NOT open the Deswik.Sched file via the Deswik.IS, the icons DO NOT overlap on the taskbar and the
files are NOT connected.
An
5.7. CHAPTER REVIEW
Before proceeding to the next chapter, review the list of subjects from the chapter. The acquired skills and
knowledge should include the ability to:
33 | Page
Subject Reference
Load the interactive scheduler plugin. Loading the IS on page 13
The methods you can use to setup the project options. Project Options on page 16
Create a filter based legend. Create Filter Legend on page 14
Load the scheduler file via Deswik.IS. Load the Deswik.Sched File on page 16
Define the project using the setup wizard. Project Setup Wizard on page 17
17
Define the project options manually. Project Options Setup on page 20
Create the drilling tasks. Derived Tasks on page 24
20
Create the backfill tasks. Backfill Derived Task on page 29
ep
Manage the attached scheduler file via Deswik.IS. Manage the Deswik.Sched File on page 32
-S
Apply the theories covered in these topics to similar processes.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
34 | Page
6. ACTIVITY TYPES
Activity types define how to create tasks from the graphical designs. You can define how to link the graphical
design data to the activity types.
You can specify default settings for tasks based on different attributes or groups of attributes. You can also set
default values for production and custom fields via activity types.
For this tutorial, you will create tunnel, stope (polygons) and solid (stope solids) activity types.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
6.1. ACTIVITY TYPE | TUNNELS
For this tutorial, you will define the tunnel section profiles and the activity types representing the tunnels.
d
ol

oG
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Settings | Activity Types to display the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box.
gl
2. Click Tunnels in the menu to the upper left, to change the display to the tunnels configuration.
An
3. Click Sections to display the TUNNEL SECTIONS dialog box.
You can also access the TUNNEL SECTIONS dialog box via Draw | Tunnels | Sections in Deswik.CAD.
4. Create a new tunnel section with the following settings:
35 | Page
5. Define the profile of the tunnel section with the following settings:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
6. Repeat the process to create the following tunnel sections:

As
Section Name Type Width Height Radius
4.5 x 4.5 arch Arch 4.50 4.50 2

d
5 x 6.5 arch Arch 5 6.50 2

ol
oG
7. In the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box, map the Data Layer to the DEVELOPMENT DESIGN layer.
8. Add two rows to the Linking Attributes grid, and then select Activity Type and Pen Color Index.
gl
An
36 | Page
9. In the Data Filtering panel, click Update Grid.
17
20
ep
-S
M
10. Leave the Attribute to use as a Description field blank, and then click OK to populate the grid.
G
The eight activity types, from the Development Design layer populate the grid.
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
37 | Page
11. Update the grid with the following settings:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
The schedule rate settings above, must match the production field abbreviation in Deswik.Sched.
SD
i-
nt
ha
6.1.1 ACTIVITY TYPE | FIELD VALUES

As
You can assign custom or production field values to the tasks, when Deswik.IS creates the tasks.

d
ol
1. In the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box, click in the ORE DRIVE | Field Values cell.
oG
2. In the DEFAULT FIELD VALUES dialog box, enter the following settings:
gl
An
38 | Page
3. Repeat the process to complete the activity type field values with the following settings:
17
Leave the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box open for the next exercise.
20
ep
6.2. ACTIVITY TYPE | STOPES
-S
For this tutorial, you will define the activity types representing the stope polygons on levels 96 to 102.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
1. In the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box, click Stopes in the menu to the upper left, to change the display to
the stopes configuration.
2. Map the Data Layer to the STOPES FROM SECTIONS layer.
3. Add a row to the Linking Attributes grid, and then select Pen Color Index.
39 | Page
4. In the Data Filtering panel, click Update Grid
5. Select ACTIVITY TYPE from the Select Attribute to use as Description list.
6. Select LEVEL RL and STOPENUM in the Attributes to Group Individual Stopes by list.
One activity type that represents the original stope design strings populates the grid.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
The schedule rate settings above, must match the production field abbreviation in Deswik.Sched.
d
ol
oG
Leave the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box open for the next exercise.
gl
An
6.3. ACTIVITY TYPE | SOLIDS
For this tutorial, you will define the activity types representing the stope solids on levels 104 to 118.
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Settings | Activity Types to display the ACTIVITY TYPE DEFINITIONS dialog box.
2. Click Solid in the menu to the upper left, to change the display to the solids configuration.
40 | Page
3. Map the Data Filtering | Data Layer field to the STOPES FROM SOLIDS layer.
4. Add a row to the Linking Attributes grid, and then select the Pen Color Index attribute.
5. In the Data Filtering panel, click Update Grid
One activity type that represents the original stope solids populates the grid.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
6. Leave the Attribute to use as a Description field blank, and then click OK to populate the grid.
nt

ha
As
d
ol
oG
The schedule rate settings above, must match the production field abbreviations in Deswik.Sched.
gl
An
41 | Page
7. CREATE ACTIVITIES
Use the tools provided to create and manage the activities in your project.
For this tutorial, you will create the tunnel activities first, and then cut the stopes and solids to the tunnels to
eliminate duplicate volumes.
When you create the tasks, the values come from the attributes on the design entities and the activity types.
17
7.1. CREATE TUNNELS
20
For this tutorial, you will define the tunnel cutting sequence and then create tunnel activities.
ep
-S
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Create Activities | Create Tunnels to display the CREATE TUNNELS dialog
box.
M
2. Click the Create Tasks tab, and then click Edit to display the TUNNEL CUTTING SEQUENCE dialog box.
3. Enter the following tunnel cutting sequence settings:

G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
42 | Page
4. Complete the CREATE TUNNELS dialog box with the following settings, and then click Create.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
The tunnel solids display according to the tunnel activity type settings.
d
ol
oG
gl
An
43 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
7.2. CREATE STOPES

ha
For this tutorial, you will create tasks to model the underground stopes on levels 96 to 102.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
44 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
45 | Page
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Create Activities | Create Stopes to display the CREATE STOPES dialog box.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
46 | Page
2. Enter the following settings, and then click Create to display the CREATE STOPE SOLIDS dialog box.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
The stopes group according to the stope activity type settings.

As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
47 | Page
48 | Page
An
gl
oG
ol
d
As
ha
nt
i-
SD
G
M
-S
ep
20
17
3. Select the first row in the grid, and then click Link Selected.
Temporary stope solids display according to the stope activity type settings.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
If a solid does not create completely, it will display as invalid. You may need to use another linking
ha
method or check the validity of the input polygons.

As
4. Click to isolate the stope solid in the Model Space, and then click to remove all filters.
d
5. Click Unlink Selected to delete the temporary stope solid.

ol
Choose Linking Methods in the list to create the stope solids with different Boolean commands.
oG
6. In the Linking Method list, select Brute Force – Minimum Length.

gl
7. Click Link All and then click OK to create all the stope solids.
An
8. Click Yes to save the project.
7.3. CREATE FROM SOLIDS
For this tutorial, you will create tasks from the solids on levels 104 to 118.
49 | Page
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Create Activities | Create from Solids to display the CREATE FROM SOLIDS
dialog box.
2. Enter the following settings, and then click Create.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
Create activities from all designs, to create activities for all the entities on the design solids layer.
gl
An
7.4. REVIEW THE RESULTS
Once the solid creation process is complete, you can view the generated tasks and inspect the results.
50 | Page
17
20
ep
7.4.1 DESWIK.CAD RESULTS
-S
Task solids and task polygons represent the graphical tasks, replicating the original design inputs. These solids and
polygons link to the tasks created in Deswik.Sched.
M
G
SD
1. Isolate the SCHEDULER\TASK SOLIDS layer, and then apply the STOPES filter.
2. Select a stope solid in the Model Space.

i-
The stope solids viewed from the east.

nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
51 | Page
3. Invert the filter visibility to display all of the tunnel solids.
Activity Type and pen color were the linking attributes used to define the tunnels. The Description
attribute, based on the activity types, assigns to the new graphical tasks.
17
20
ep
The tunnel solids viewed from the east.
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
Repeat the process to review the SCHEDULER\TASK POLYGONS.

d
ol
7.4.2 DESWIK.SCHED RESULTS

oG
Review the tasks in Deswik.Sched that link to the graphical tasks.

gl

An
1. To view the tasks, in the Deswik.Sched file, apply the Created Tasks column configuration.
This configuration will display the activity type data, defined in Deswik.IS.
52 | Page
17
20
2. Select a task, and then open the TASK INFORMATION dialog box.
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
53 | Page
3. Review the production and custom field settings for the different tasks.
Production Fields
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
Custom Fields
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
7.5. CHAPTER REVIEW
54 | Page
Subject Reference
Define how to create tasks from the graphical designs. Activity Types on page 35
Define the tunnel section profiles and the activity types representing the Activity Type | Tunnels on page
tunnels. 35
Define the activity types representing the stope polygons on levels 96 to Activity Type | Stopes on page
102. 39
Define the activity types representing the stope solids on levels 104 to 118. Activity Type | Solids on page 1
17
Create and manage the activities in your project. Create Activities on page 42
20
Define the tunnel cutting sequence and create tunnel activities. Create Tunnels on page 42
Create tasks to model the stopes on levels 96 to 102. Create Stopes on page 44
ep
Create tasks from the solids on levels 104 to 118. Create from Solids on page 1
-S
Review the graphical tasks and the schedule tasks. Review the Results on page 50
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
55 | Page
8. ATTRIBUTE ASSIGNMENT
You can assign grouping and graphic attributes to your design entities. When you create the tasks, the attributes
will carry across to Deswik.Sched.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
8.1. AUTOMATIC ASSIGNMENT

ha
You can set up rules to assign attributes to your design entities before, during, or after task creation.
As
For this tutorial, you will set up a rule to flag tasks created inside a specific geological zone.
d

ol
1. In Deswik.CAD, add a new layer named: 0\GEOLOGY and make it active and selected.
oG
2. Run the File | Import | Datamine | Datamine Wireframes command.

gl
3. In explorer, map to the ZONE_Xtr file in the Import Data folder.

An
Alternatively, drag and drop the file into the Model Space.
4. Apply a red color and 50 percent transparency to the imported solid.
5. In the Deswik.IS window, click Design and Attributes | Attribute Assignment to display the ATTRIBUTE
ASSIGNMENT dialog box.
6. Leave the selection in the top panel as Assign to design entities.
7. Click Automatic Assignment to display the AUTOMATIC ATTRIBUTE ASSIGNMENT RULES dialog box.
56 | Page
8. Add a row to the grid, and then select INSIDE ZONE X in the Attribute list.
9. Select Solid in the Assignment Type list.
When you select an assignment type, a dialog box displays so you can enter the details.
10. Enter the following Inside Zone X settings:
17
20
ep
-S
M
11. Complete the rule with the following settings, and then click Assign to Design.
G
SD
i-
nt
12. In the MULTIPLE LAYER SELECTION dialog box, select the TASK SOLIDS layer to run the rule.
ha
13. After the rule processes, close the message confirming the attribute assignment.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
57 | Page
14. Isolate the TASK SOLIDS layer, and then make the ZONE_XTR layer visible.
View of the solids from the south, showing the tunnel solids that are inside the zone.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
15. Isolate the TASK SOLIDS layer, and then select a tunnel solid from inside the Zone X solid.
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
58 | Page
9. SCHEDULER TOOLS
Use the tools at the bottom of the Interactive Scheduler window to interact with Deswik.Sched.
17
20
9.1. INTERACTIVE OPTIONS
Control how interactive selection works between Deswik.CAD and Deswik.Sched.
ep
-S
The Synchronize Attributes option is on by
M
default. As you update grouping or graphic
attribute values for a task, they also update in
G the scheduler.
SD
i-
nt
For this tutorial, you will use the two interactive selection options.
ha
To show these functions clearly, make both Deswik.CAD and Deswik.Sched visible.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
59 | Page
9.1.1 INTERACTIVELY SELECT GRAPHICS
Interactively select task solids or polygons, as you select the associated scheduler tasks.
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click the arrow next to the Interactive Options menu.
2. Click Interactively Select Graphics to turn on the tool.
17
20
ep
-S
M
3. In the scheduler, select one or more stope tasks.
G
SD
Depending on where the graphical task is, you may not see the corresponding task in Deswik.CAD. For
example, the task you select may be on one of the lower levels.
i-
The View | Zoom | Selected Entity Extents command in Deswik.CAD can be useful if a single task is
nt
selected, and the corresponding graphical task is not visible.

ha
The image below shows a single task in the scheduler and the corresponding graphical task in the Model
Space. The Name attribute in the Properties window matches the Name field in the scheduler.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
4. Click Interactively Select Graphics again, to turn off the tool.
60 | Page
9.1.2 INTERACTIVELY SELECT TASKS
Interactively select scheduler tasks, as you select the associated task solids or polygons.
1. In the Interactive Options menu, click Interactively Select Tasks to turn on the tool.
17
20
ep
-S
M
2. In the Model Space, select a stope task.
G
The image below shows a single graphical task in the Model Space and the corresponding task in the
scheduler. The Name attribute in the Properties window matches the Name field in the scheduler.
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
3. Click Interactively Select Tasks again, to turn off the tool.

gl
An
9.2. DISPLAY TOOLS
These tools control how graphical or scheduler tasks display when working interactively.
61 | Page
9.2.1 GRAPHICS DISPLAY TOOLS
Use these tools to control how graphics display in the Model Space when working interactively.
17
20
ep
For this tutorial, apply a filter to the scheduler tasks, and then display those tasks in the Model Space.
-S
M
1. In the scheduler, apply the Activity Type = Decline filter.
G
2. In the Deswik.IS window, click the arrow next to the graphics display tools.
SD
3. Click Display Graphics for Visible Tasks to display the decline tunnel solids in the Model Space.
Only the decline tunnel solids display in the Model Space.

i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
4. In the graphics display tools menu, click Unhide All Graphics, and then remove all filters in the schedule.
9.2.2 TASK DISPLAY TOOLS
Use these tools to control how tasks display in the scheduler when working interactively.
62 | Page
17
For this tutorial, you will apply a filter to the graphical tasks, and then display those tasks (and the derived tasks) in
20
the scheduler.
ep
-S
1. In Deswik.CAD, apply the STOPES filter.
2. In the Deswik.IS window, click the arrow next to the task display tools.
M
3. Click Display Tasks for Visible Graphics to display the Stope tasks in the scheduler.
G
Only the stope tasks (and the derived tasks) display in the scheduler.
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
4. In the tasks display tools menu, click Unhide All Tasks to restore the scheduler tasks, and then remove all
filters from Deswik.CAD.
63 | Page
10. MANAGE ACTIVITIES
Use the manage activities tool to update or remove tasks in the schedule, and the corresponding design solids.
For this tutorial, you will remove all activities (graphical and schedule tasks) from the project, and then recreate the
activities.
It is best practice to use this process to remove activities from your project. This method will delete the tasks
from the schedule and the graphics at the same time.
17
20
1. In the Deswik.IS window, click Create Activities | Manage Activities to display the MANAGE ACTIVITIES
ep
dialog box.
2. Click Remove Activities from Schedule to display the REMOVE ACTIVITIES FROM PROJECT dialog box.
-S
3. Enter the following settings, and then click Remove.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
4. Click OK to confirm the action.
5. After you remove the activities, click Close and then click Yes to save the schedule.
gl
6. Review the Deswik.Sched file: all tasks are deleted.

An
7. Review the Deswik.CAD file: all Scheduler | Task Solids and Polygons are deleted.
8. Follow the Create Activities on page 42 process to recreate the project activities.
9. In Deswik.CAD, validate all the solids on the TASK SOLIDS layer and then save the project.
10.1. CHAPTER REVIEW
64 | Page
Subject Reference
Assign grouping or graphic attributes to design entities. Attribute Assignment on page 56
Create rules to assign attributes to your design entities. Automatic Assignment on page
56
Deswik.IS tools to interact with Deswik.Sched. Scheduler Tools on page 59
How interactive selection works, when working with Deswik.Sched. Interactive Options on page 59
How graphical or scheduler tasks display when working interactively. Display Tools on page 61
17
Update or remove tasks in the schedule, and the corresponding design Manage Activities on page 64
20
solids.
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
65 | Page
11. DEPENDENCY CREATION
Use the various methods in Deswik.IS to create dependencies between tasks in your schedule. Dependencies
display the priority of tasks in the scheduler, and graphically in the Model Space.
For this tutorial, you will create both manual and automatic dependencies.
Deswik.IS uses the task polygons to create and display dependencies. Dependencies display as a polyline
between task polygons with an arrow indicating the direction of the dependency.
17
Refer to the help files, for detailed information on dependencies.
20
ep
To start creating dependencies: in the Deswik.IS window, click Scheduling | Dependency Creation to display
-S
the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
When you click Dependency Creation, checks and cross-references process in the background to compare the
solids and polygons that represent the tasks and all the scheduler tasks. If any solids or polygons do not
match, they are placed on a layer named unscheduled.
66 | Page
When you click Dependency Creation, the TASK POLYGONS and DEPENDENCIES layers display. Deswik.IS
creates two layers under the DEPENDENCIES layer named DERIVED and INTERNAL. These layers reduce
dependency information that sits on a single layer, making it easier to visualize.
17
20
ep
-S
M
11.1. MANUAL ASSIGNMENT G
SD
Assign manual dependencies to your tasks, this method can be useful in short-term planning.
i-
For this tutorial, you will analyze the automatic dependencies, and then create a manual link to complete the
sequence.
nt
The Dependency, Resource, and Link Task Type options at the top of the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box are
ha
settings for manual assignments only.

As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
You will assign resources via Multiple Resource Assignments in Deswik.Sched.
You only use Link Task Types when you create dependencies for an open pit schedule.
67 | Page
1. In Deswik.CAD, hide the TASK CENTROIDS layer and make the INTERNAL layer visible.
2. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click the Manual Assignment tab.
3. Click Display unlinked activities to display the SELECT UNLINKED OPTIONS dialog box.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
68 | Page
4. Enter the following settings and click OK.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
The unlinked task polygons highlight in the Model Space.
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
69 | Page
The decline and return air drive tasks on the left represent tasks at the start of the schedule. The return
air drive task on the right requires a dependency link.
17
20
ep
5. In Plan view, select the return air drive task to link, and view its properties and attributes.
-S
6. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click to show all task graphics.
7. In Deswik.CAD, open the Interactive Filter on the TASK POLYGONS layer, and then isolate the Return Air
Drive tasks.
M
The return air drive polygons, viewed in Plan view.
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
8. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, select the Manual dependency layer.
oG
9. Leave the dependency type as FS (links the finish of one task to the start of the other task).
gl
An
70 | Page
10. Leave the delay period as 0d (no delay).
When you create manual dependencies, the links will match the settings in Deswik.Sched.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
11. In the Manual Assignment section, click Edit Dependency Options to display the DEPENDENCY OPTIONS
i-
dialog box.
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
12. In the Linking Method section, select the Use polygon selection method check box.
71 | Page
13. Clear the Link on working plane only checkbox, and then click OK.
14. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click the button to create a dependency.
17
15. Zoom in and click inside the polygons to create manual dependency link like below:
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
11.2. AUTOMATIC DEPENDENCIES

gl
Create sets of dependency rules to link the tasks. You can link the tasks based on their attribute values and
An
location.
For this tutorial, you will create two common underground metal dependency rules, and then import a full set of
automatic dependency rules.
1. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click the Automatic Dependencies tab.
2. Click Edit Rules to display the DEPENDENCY RULES dialog box, and then create a Development rule.
72 | Page
3. Add a row to the grid, and then select Spatial in the Method list to display the RULE 1: SPATIAL RULE dialog
box.
Use the spatial method to link tasks according to their original design direction.
17
20
ep
-S
The grid row number and the rule method dictate the rule dialog box name.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
73 | Page
4. Enter the following settings to define the spatial rule:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
This rule will search from the first segment of every tunnel, matching the successor setting for any
gl
segment centroid within 5m on a drive matching the predecessor setting, and then draw a dependency
An
from the predecessor to the successor.
74 | Page
5. Complete the rule with the following settings:
17
20
This main development rule will only link the decline tunnels.
ep
You can also create a spatial dependency rule to link the selected blocks with the Create Rule from
Selected button.
-S
6. Repeat the process to create a Stopes rule (click No to copy the settings).
M
7. Add a row to the grid and select Attribute Group in the Method list to display the RULE 1: ATTRIBUTE GROUP
dialog box.
G
SD
8. Enter the following settings to define the attribute group rule:
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
This rule will group together all tasks on the same level, in the same lode, with the same direction, and link the
tasks defined in the next step (backfill to production drilling) in descending order.
75 | Page
9. Complete the rule with the following settings:
17
10. Click OK to close the DEPENDENCY RULES dialog box.
20
11. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, select both rules in the Automatic Rules to Run list, and then click
Create Dependencies.
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
11.3. REVIEW AUTOMATIC DEPENDENCIES

d
After you create the dependencies, the results display in the automatic dependencies grid.
ol
oG
gl
An
11.3.1 GRAPHICAL DEPENDENCIES
In the Model Space, you can review the results of the dependency rules.
If you ran more than one rule, select a row in the automatic dependencies grid and then click to filter to
the dependency links in the Model Space.
76 | Page
1. In the automatic dependencies grid, select a row and then click .
17
20
ep
The graphical dependency results that match the selected rule, display with the task polygons.
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
You can reduce the centroid scale in the DEPENDENCY OPTIONS dialog box, to get a better view.
2. In the Model Space, select a dependency link, and then refer to the Properties window to view the
attributes.
77 | Page
17
3. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click to remove the filter and restore the graphics.
20
11.3.2 SCHEDULER DEPENDENCIES
ep
Click on a link in the Gantt chart to review the scheduler dependency.
-S
The spatial links display for all decline tasks.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
11.4. DEPENDENCY ANIMATION

d
You can view animations while creating dependencies to assess the impacts to the schedule.
ol

oG
1. In the Model Space, make the view from the north.

gl
2. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click the Schedule tab.

An
78 | Page
3. In the Animation Mode section, click Animation Mode.
17
20
When you click Animation Mode the button changes to Dependency Mode.
ep
The Model Space view updates to animation mode.
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
79 | Page
4. In the playback control panel, review and update the Options as required, and then play the animation.
With the Task Solids set to animate forwards, you can view the mining sequence.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
5. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click Dependency Mode to revert to Shaded mode, and then click Yes
ha
to restore the layer view.

As
Leave the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box open for the next exercise.
d
ol
11.5. IMPORT AUTOMATIC ASSIGNMENT RULES

oG
You can now import a full set of automatic dependency rules, replacing the links from the last exercise.
gl

An
1. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click the Automatic Dependencies tab.
2. Click Delete All Auto Deps to delete the automatic dependency links.
3. Open the DEPENDENCY RULES dialog box, and then click Import the Rules.
4. Map to the 4.03 IS Underground Metals Auto Dependency Rules file.
80 | Page
5. Click Yes to overwrite the existing rules.
Inspect the rules, including the different method settings and the filters used to dictate the predecessor
and successor tasks.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
The two rule groups will, between them, ensure that all tasks in the schedule do not happen before their
logical predecessors.
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
6. After you review the rules, close the DEPENDENCY RULES dialog box.
oG
7. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, select rules, and then create the dependencies.
gl
Leave the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box open for the next exercise.
An
11.6. REVIEW DEPENDENCIES
Now that you have created all the dependencies, review the graphical and scheduler links.
The results from the Main Development and Stope Tasks rule sets display.
81 | Page
17
20
ep
The graphical links for the imported rules display with the task polygons.
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
11.6.1 GRAPHICAL DEPENDENCIES
You can review the results of each rule, by applying a filter to the automatic dependencies grid.
82 | Page
1. In the automatic dependencies grid, select a row and then click .
17
20
ep
-S
The graphical dependency results that match the selected rule, display with the task polygons.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
83 | Page
2. In the Model Space, select a dependency link, and then refer to the Properties window.
17
20
3. In the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, click to remove the filter and restore the graphics.
ep
11.6.2 SCHEDULER DEPENDENCIES
-S
You can apply the LODE LEVEL NAME group to view the linked tasks in a defined group.
M
As per the process to check the manual links, click on a link in the Gantt chart to review the details.
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
11.7. DEPENDENCY ANIMATION

ol
oG
Now that you have created all the dependencies, view the updated animation.

gl
An
Repeat the Dependency Animation on page 78 process to view the updated animation.
With the Task Solids set to animate forwards, you can view the mining sequence.
84 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
Close the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, restore the view and save the project.
SD

i-
nt

ha
Subject Reference
As
Create dependencies between tasks in your schedule. Dependency Creation on page 66
Create a set of rules to link the dependencies. Automatic Dependencies on page

d
72
ol
Review the graphical and scheduler tasks. Review Automatic Dependencies

oG
on page 76
View animations of the schedule while creating dependencies to assess Dependency Animation on page
gl
the impacts to the schedule. 78

An
Import a full set of automatic dependency rules. Import Automatic Assignment

Rules on page 80
Assign dependencies manually, this method can be useful in short-term Manual Assignment on page 67
planning.
85 | Page
12. RESOURCES
The resources and the assignment rules are setup and form part of the scheduler starting data.
In Deswik.Sched, open the RESOURCES and RESOURCE POOLS dialog boxes and review the inputs.
RESOURCES dialog box, showing the available resources.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
12.1. MULTIPLE RESOURCE ASSIGNMENTS

oG
You will assign resources to the tasks via the multiple assignment rules in Deswik.Sched.
gl
There are several ways to assign resources to the tasks, including via Deswik.IS. The preferred method is via
An
assignment rules in Deswik.Sched.
86 | Page
1. In Deswik.Sched, open the MULTIPLE ASSIGNMENTS dialog box.
2. Review the settings, and then click Assign.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
12.2. RESOURCE LEVELING
i-
You will use the Level RL attributes as the priority when you level the schedule. Priorities are a list of production or
nt
custom fields used to state preferences between tasks.

ha

As
1. In Deswik.Sched, open the RESOURCE LEVELING dialog box.

d
2. Create a Level scheduling priority rule with the following settings:

ol
oG
gl
An
87 | Page
3. Select the Level rule in the Rule Name list, and then click Level.
17
20
ep
-S
Alternatively, you can create a production field (Mining Priority) to dictate the scheduling priorities.
M
12.3. ANIMATE AND ANALYZE THE SCHEDULE
G
SD
After leveling the schedule and resolving any conflicts, animate the schedule. The start and finish dates of the
tasks will reflect the availability of the resources and the final mining sequence.
i-

nt
ha
1. Isolate the SCHEDULER\TASK SOLIDS layer and make the VALENS_UG_TOPO layer visible.
2. On the View menu, click Visual Styles | Animation.

As
3. In the playback control panel, open the ANIMATION OPTIONS dialog box.
d
4. In the General Options tab, select the Display symbols on active figures check box.
ol
oG
gl
An
88 | Page
5. Use the playback controls under the Model Space to play the animation of the schedule.
Image of animation mode follows:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
Refer to the Completed Project folder to view a recorded animation of the project.
ha
6. After you view and analyze the animation, restore the view and save the project.
As
As per the steps outlines in Review the Results on page 50, you should review the project again now that you
have assigned resources to the individual tasks.
d
ol
You must save the project (CAD and Scheduler files) prior to the next exercise.
oG
gl
An
89 | Page
13. UPDATE SURVEY ACTUALS
Update the project tasks with new survey information.
17
20
ep
-S
M
Before you update the survey tasks, you need to create a copy of the Deswik.Sched file.

G
SD
1. Close and save the Deswik.Sched file.
i-
2. Create a copy of the file, and rename the file: 4.03 IS Underground Metals SCHED - EOM SURVEY.
nt
3. Remap the new Deswik.Sched file via Project Options.

ha
As
d
ol
13.1. TUNNEL FACE POSITIONS

oG
Update the tunnel face positions with the new survey information. A percent complete value for the tasks and the
gl
mined quantity records to allow a comparison of mined volumes.

An
90 | Page
1. Isolate the DEVELOPMENT DESIGN layer and make the VALENS_EOM SURVEY layer visible.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
2. In the Deswik.IS window, click Scheduling | Update Survey Actuals to display the UPDATE TASKS dialog
box.
As
3. Click Tunnel Face Positions to display the Tunnel Face Position Update Wizard.
4. Click Next to display the Details and Attributes screen.

d
ol
oG
gl
An
91 | Page
5. Enter the following settings and then click Next to display the Headings screen.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
92 | Page
6. Click 0 Headings Selected, and then follow the prompt and select the design lines to update.
Zoom right in and hold down <Ctrl> to select the five design centerlines.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
After you select the headings, the button text updates.
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
7. Isolate the VALENS_EOM SURVEY layer, and then click 0 Figures Selected in the Figures to use for
updating section.
93 | Page
8. Select all of the survey polygons and then click Next to display the Heading Centerlines screen.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
94 | Page
9. Click each row in the Heading Centerlines grid and review the matched centerlines in the Model Space.
In the survey data provided, some of the outlines have not matched to the correct centerlines.
The design lines match to the survey outlines using a spatial search and limiting the vertical intersections
to 10 meters. Headings without a matching face figure will not appear in the grid.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
95 | Page
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
10. Select a row where the outlines have not matched to the correct centerlines.
An
96 | Page
11. Click Remove from Selected, and then click the mismatched polygon as shown below:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
The grid values and the graphics update when you remove the selected polygon.
nt
ha
12. Repeat the process for all rows where the outlines have not matched to the correct centerlines.
After you check and update all the rows, the grid displays one face figure per heading polyline.
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
97 | Page
13. Click Next to display the Tasks to Remove screen.
A comparison between the heading design and the matching survey face calculates the mined distance.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
The wizard creates new attributes (Mined Length and Total Length) for the task polygons.
As
d
ol
14. Click Next (no tasks need to be removed from the project) to display the Update Options screen.
oG
gl
An
98 | Page
15. Enter the following settings, and then click Next.
17
20
ep
16. Click Finish to exit the wizard and update the project.
-S
17. Click Yes to move the completed tasks to the MINED BLOCKS layer and to save the project.
M
13.1.1 SURVEY RESULTS
Review the results of updating the project with survey data. G

SD
i-
1. In Deswik.CAD, isolate the MINED BLOCKS layer and review the solids.
nt
The completed tasks now display in the Mined Blocks layer.

ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
99 | Page
2. Isolate the TASK SOLIDS layer and review the solids.
The task solids with the mined blocks removed, display in the Task Solids layer.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
3. In Deswik.Sched, review the updated tasks.
In the schedule, the task details update and completed tasks removed. You can also reset the schedule start
i-
date to match the survey date.

nt
ha
13.2. ROLLBACK ORIGINAL TASKS

As
An alternative to removing completed tasks from the schedule is to set the tasks as complete.
For this tutorial, you first need to restore the design solids.
d
ol
This function only works if you select the Backup original figures check box when you update survey actuals.
oG

gl
1. Open the UPDATE TASKS dialog box, and then click Rollback to display the UPDATE SURVEY ACTUALS MANUALLY
An
dialog box.
100 | Page
2. Map the Layer to the ORIGINAL BLOCKS layer, created in the last exercise.
17
20
3. Click Rollback to delete solids on the original solids layer that have the same handle as the backed-up solid.
ep
Deswik.IS will then replace the solids with copies of the original solids.
-S
4. Isolate the TASK SOLIDS layer and confirm that the solids have been restored.
This process will not restore any tasks removed from the Deswik.Sched project. You will need to find a file
M
in the Backup directory that contains the removed tasks.
G
SD
For this tutorial, you can remap the original Deswik.Sched file to restore the scheduler tasks.
5. Close the Deswik.Sched file via Deswik.IS.

i-
6. Open the PROJECT OPTIONS dialog box, and then remap to the original Scheduler file.
nt
ha
13.2.1 OPTIONAL EXERCISE

As
After you restore the files, you can track how complete tasks are, rather than remove them from the schedule.
d
To complete the optional exercise:

ol
oG
1. Repeat the Tunnel Face Positions on page 90 exercise, but in the Update Options screen enter the following
settings.
gl
An
101 | Page
17
20
ep
2. In Deswik.Sched, add the Percentage Complete column to the Created Tasks configuration.
-S
Complete tasks display with the symbol in the Indicators column.
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
102 | Page
14. BATCH UPDATES
Use the batch update tools to synchronize the graphical and scheduler tasks.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
The Update Scheduler Attributes from the Graphics function is not required. This process is now automatic as
SD
per the default setting in the SELECTION OPTIONS dialog box.
i-
nt
ha
14.1. INTERROGATE
As
Interrogate the task solids against the geological model.

d

ol
oG
1. In Deswik.CAD, isolate the TASK SOLIDS layer and make it active.
2. In Deswik.IS, click Tools | Batch Updates to display the BATCH UPDATES dialog box.
gl
3. Select the Apply to: Visible entities option.

An
4. In the Update Project Tasks tab, click Interrogate
103 | Page
5. Click Yes to close the message and save the project.
You will update the Task Solid attributes with the interrogated values in a following exercise.
17
20
14.2. CREATE DERIVED TASKS
ep
Create derived tasks for existing tasks. You can use this process to create the new derived tasks, rather than
having to recreate the existing tasks.
-S
For this tutorial, you will create a Production Cable Bolting derived task. You can then create links between the
stope, cable bolting and production drilling tasks.
M
14.2.1 CABLE BOLTING SETUP
G
SD
Before you create the new derived task, a number of setup steps are required.

i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
104 | Page
1. In Deswik.Sched, review the Custom Field | Activity Type settings:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
2. Create a Dependency Layer with the following settings:

ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
3. Create a Production Field with the following settings:
105 | Page
4. Clear Resource Leveling from the schedule.
5. In Deswik.CAD, create the following filters:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
6. In Deswik.IS, open the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, and click Delete All Auto Deps
ha
7. Close the DEPENDENCY CREATION dialog box, and save the project.
As
After you create the cable bolting derived task, you will recreate the dependencies and then relevel the
schedule.
d
ol
oG
14.2.2 PRODUCTION CABLE BOLTING DERIVED TASK
You can now create the new derived task.

gl

An
106 | Page
1. In Deswik.IS, open the OPTIONS dialog box.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
107 | Page
2. Create a Production Cable Bolting derived task with the following settings.
Settings tab
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
108 | Page
An
gl
oG
ol
d
As
ha
nt
i-
Fields tab
SD
G
M
-S
ep
20
17
109 | Page
Fields tab
17
20
ep
-S
M
Graphics tab
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
110 | Page
Dependencies tab
17
20
ep
-S
Scheduling tab
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
3. After you create the Production Cable Bolting task, click OK to close the OPTIONS dialog box.
4. In the Deswik.IS window, click Tools | Batch Updates to display the BATCH UPDATES dialog box.
gl
An
5. Click Create Derived Tasks to display the SELECT DERIVED TASKS TO CREATE dialog box.
6. Select the Production Cable Bolting check box.
7. After creating the tasks, click Yes to save the project, and then close the BATCH UPDATES dialog box.
111 | Page
8. Open the DEPENDENCY RULES dialog box, and update the Stope Tasks settings:
9. Repeat the Manage Activities on page 64 process to remove all tasks from the schedule.
10. Repeat the Create Activities on page 42 process to recreate the project activities.
17
11. Recreate the automatic dependencies with the updated rules.
The update to the dependency settings shows in the results.
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
12. Repeat the Multiple Resource Assignments on page 86 and Resource Leveling on page 87 processes.
ha
13. Repeat the Batch Updates on page 103 process.

As
14.3. UPDATE EXISTING DERIVED TASKS FROM PARENTS

d
ol
Update the existing derived tasks in the project from their parent tasks.
oG
For this tutorial, you will update the Production Drilling task with Development Type values.

gl
An
1. Open the OPTIONS dialog box, and then select the Production Drilling derived task.
2. Click the Fields tab, and then add DEVELOPMENT TYPE with the following settings:
3. After you update the drilling task, click OK to save and close the OPTIONS dialog box.
4. Open the BATCH UPDATES dialog box, and then click Update Existing Derived Tasks from Parents.
The development type values for the drilling tasks will update to match the values of their parent tasks.
112 | Page
Before Derived Task Update
After Derived Task Update
17
20
ep
-S
14.4. UPDATE GRAPHICS ATTRIBUTES FROM DESWIK.SCHED
M
G
Update the graphics attributes from the corresponding task information in your schedule.
SD
1. Open the BATCH UPDATES dialog box, and then click Update Graphics Attributes from the Scheduler to display
i-
the ASSIGN ATTRIBUTES TO ENTITIES FROM SCHEDULER dialog box.

nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
113 | Page
2. Enter the following settings and then click OK.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
Select a task solid and review the attributes for that task.
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
14.5. UPDATE START AND FINISH DATES FROM DESWIK.SCHED

d
Update the start and finish dates throughout the project from Deswik.Sched. Now that the schedule tasks have
ol
correct start and finish dates applied to them, you can add the dates to the task solids as attributes.
oG

gl
1. Open the BATCH UPDATES dialog box, and then click Update Start and Finish Dates from the Scheduler
An
The graphical task solids will now have the Start and Finish dates applied to them as attributes.
114 | Page
15. REPORTING
Use the reporting tools to cut your solids to show the face positions at defined dates.
17
20
ep
15.1. CUT TUNNELS AND OUTLINES BY DATE
-S
Cut tunnels and outlines based on the meters mined across a range of periods that you define.
M
1. In Deswik.CAD, click Edit | Date Ranges to display the DATE RANGE COLORING dialog box.
2. Add a new date range called: Three Year Plot. G

SD
3. Click Add Periods, and then use the TIME PERIOD RECURRENCE dialog box to create the following date range
settings:
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
4. In the Deswik.IS window, click Tools | Reporting to display the REPORTING TOOLS dialog box.
5. Click Cut Tunnels and Outlines by Date to display the CUT TUNNELS AND OUTLINES BY DATE dialog box.
115 | Page
6. Click Create Legend Window to display the pop-up legend.
You will insert the legend into the Model Space in the next step.
7. Enter the following settings and click Create:
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
116 | Page
8. Isolate the TUNNEL\CUT_BY_DATES\SOLIDS layer, and then insert the legend in the Model Space.
The solids color according to the date range settings.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
117 | Page
16. PROJECT REVIEW
To enhance your knowledge and understanding of Deswik.IS, an underground metals project with additional
inputs for you to examine is located in the 4.03 IS Underground Metals v4.1\Completed Project\IS UGM
Model folder.
Save and close the training project before you open the IS UGM Model project.
Open the completed project and review the various settings.
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
118 | Page
17. OPTIONAL EXERCISES
After you review the inputs in the completed project, try the optional exercises listed below to add depth to your
project.
All of the concepts in the following exercises are in this course or in the Deswik.Sched course.
Create and apply calendars to the schedule, including shift rules and resource maintenance periods.
17
Create targets and apply quantity constraints to the schedule.
20
Add a new resource to the schedule that is available from a specific date.
ep
Create a range of Deswik.Sched reports to display specific reported data.
-S
Create and apply a range of Task Grid column configurations to display a range of data.
M
Create and apply Gantt chart options to display specific information on or next to the Gantt bars.
G
Create and apply a range of resource leveling priorities to the schedule.
SD

i-
nt
ha
Subject Reference
As
Assign resources to the tasks via multiple assignment rules. Multiple Resource Assignments on page 86
d
Level the schedule using the level priority. Resource Leveling on page 87
ol
Animate the final mining sequence. Animate and Analyze the Schedule on page 88
oG
Rollback and restore the design solids. Rollback Original Tasks on page 100
Update the tunnel face positions with the new survey Tunnel Face Positions on page 90
gl
information.
An
Interrogate the task solids against the geological model. Interrogate on page 103
Create a production cable bolting derived task. Production Cable Bolting Derived Task on page
106
Update the drilling task with development type values. Update Existing Derived Tasks from Parents on
page 112
Assign values to the task solids as attributes. Update Graphics Attributes from Deswik.Sched
on page 113
119 | Page
Subject Reference
Update the start and finish dates throughout the project Update Start and Finish Dates from
from Deswik.Sched. Deswik.Sched on page 114
Cut tunnels and outlines based on the meters mined. Cut Tunnels and outlines by Date on page 115
17
20
ep
-S
M
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
120 | Page
18. SUPPORT
If you need any further support and assistance, the following options are available.
18.1. HELP FILES
The Help files contain concise and user-friendly support documents on the majority of Deswik.Suite tools and
functions.
17
To successfully navigate the Help files, base your search criteria around keywords.
20
For example, for information on adjusting a filter to a certain view, search the Help files for the keywords
"filters" or "view".
ep
OR
-S
If you know the menu location of the command you need help with, search the Help files via the Contents tab,
which is set out in the same structure as the menus and ribbons.
M
18.2. CLIENT PORTAL
G
SD
i-
nt
ha
The Deswik Client Portal provides access to a variety of support and information channels that include:
l Current released Deswik Suite installs and patches
As
l How to guides
l Troubleshooting guides
d
l Direct secure mailbox channel to Deswik Support

ol
l Roadmap of upcoming functionality and estimated release dates.

oG
gl
18.2.1 CLIENT PORTAL ACCESS

An
To access the Deswik Client Portal, a user account must be created by Deswik Support.
To register for a user account, follow the link below:
https://clientportal.deswik.com/register
Once a user account has been generated, you can access the Deswik Client Portal by going to:
https://clientportal.deswik.com/account/login
121 | Page
18.3. SUPPORT CONTACTS
Deswik offers a range of support offerings to help you get the best experience from your Deswik software
purchase. Deswik has support and training locations around the world. You can reach us via phone, email or the
web.
To phone or email us, please contact a Support Center in your region:
Location Contact
17
Australia +617 3229 2708
20
OR
1300 653 032
ep
[email protected]
Canada +1 778 375 3202
-S
[email protected]
South Africa +27 11 958 0273
M
[email protected]
United Kingdom G
+44 1494 678 920
SD
[email protected]
i-
nt
ha
As
d
ol
oG
gl
An
122 | Page

4.03 Deswik - IS For UGM Tutorial

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

4.03 Deswik - IS For UGM Tutorial

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

4.03 Deswik - IS For UGM Tutorial

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Training Tutorial

Module ID: 4.03

Duration: 1.5 days

4.1 5.1 Oct 2015 Update process, branding and images

1. Training Module Instructions 7

1.1. Module Symbols 7

4.3. Create Filter Legend 14

5.1. Load the Deswik.Sched File G 16

5.3. Project Options Setup 20

5.3.1 General Settings | Data 20

5.3.2 Attributes | Define 21

5.3.3 Attributes | Field Builder 22

5.3.4 Interrogation | Settings 22

5.3.5 Interrogation | Fields 23

5.4. Derived Tasks 24

5.4.1 Production Drilling | Settings 25

5.4.2 Production Drilling | Fields 25

5.4.3 Production Drilling | Graphics 26

5.4.4 Production Drilling | Dependencies 27

5.4.5 Production Drilling | Scheduling 28

5.5. Backfill Derived Task 29

5.5.1 Backfill | Settings 29

5.5.2 Backfill | Fields 29

5.5.3 Backfill | Graphics 30

5.5.5 Backfill | Scheduling 31

5.6. Manage the Deswik.Sched File 32

5.6.1 Close the Deswik.Sched File 32

5.6.2 Open the Deswik.Sched File 33

5.7. Chapter Review 33

6.2. Activity Type | Stopes 39

7.1. Create Tunnels

7.3. Create from Solids 49

7.4. Review the Results 50

7.4.1 Deswik.CAD Results 51

7.4.2 Deswik.Sched Results 52

7.5. Chapter Review 54

8.1. Automatic Assignment 56

9.1. Interactive Options 59

9.1.1 Interactively Select Graphics 60

9.1.2 Interactively Select Tasks 61

9.2. Display Tools 61

9.2.1 Graphics Display Tools 62

9.2.2 Task Display Tools 62

10. Manage Activities 64

10.1. Chapter Review 64

11. Dependency Creation 66

11.2. Automatic Dependencies 72

11.3. Review Automatic Dependencies 76

11.3.1 Graphical Dependencies 76

11.3.2 Scheduler Dependencies 78

11.4. Dependency Animation 78

11.6.2 Scheduler Dependencies 84

12.2. Resource Leveling 87

12.3. Animate and Analyze the Schedule 88

13. Update Survey Actuals 90

13.1. Tunnel Face Positions 90

13.1.1 Survey Results 99

13.2. Rollback Original Tasks 100

13.2.1 Optional Exercise 101