CHAPTER II Legit

CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter is about the awareness of Facebook users in sharing and posting of their personal
information. This chapters discuss about the previous research conducted related to our topic. It reviews
the private information and information disclosure among Facebook users.
The awareness in sharing and posting of personal information in Facebook has been the issue among
users. Facebook provides its users with a chance to share information and model their social networks
online. Along with the benefits of making it easier to keep in touch and seek out details about others more
easily, there are risks and concerns with sharing information with large amounts of people (Rashid 2016)
also (Sidlauskas 2018) stated that personal data of the Facebook user comprise his/her public profile
including user’s photo, age, gender and other public information; a list of friends; e-mail; time zone records;
birthdays; photos; hobbies; etc. Which personal data will be requested from the user depends on the third-
party application. Analysis of the legal protection of personal data in the internet social networks reveals
that is limited to the International and European Union legal regulation on the protection of personal data in
the social networks. Users who make a publicly available a large amount of personal information on the
Facebook social network should decide if they want to share that information with third parties for the use of
their services.
According to (Fogel, Nehmad, 2009; Zeman et al., 2017; Korauš et al., 2017) updating profile information,
posting status updates, sharing photos and videos and commenting on others post are etiquettes that
exhibits user’s personal identity. On the other hand, this activity of exchanging personal information on
social networking sites, elevates the question in terms of privacy risks and consequences.
(2009, Cristofied, Muse, Dasmarais) studied that undergraduate Facebook users disclose more
information about them but is concern about their privacy. Personal information such as birthdays, e-mail
address and photos were shared. They concluded that disclosure and control on Facebook were not far
connected than it is, in the other hand, it is affected by different personalities of users.
(Karl, Peluchette, Schlaegel 2010) studied and examines culture and personality differences in student
reports that they would post various types of information on their Facebook profiles. As predicted those
high conscientiousness, agreeableness, and emotional stability proved significantly less likely to report
posting problematic content (e.g., substance abuse, sexual content) on their profile. Those who scored high
on Compulsive Internet Use indicated a greater likelihood to post such profile information.
(Frampton, Child 2013) study employs Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory as a framework
to investigate how working professionals respond to co-worker Facebook friend requests. Overall, 312
individuals with full-time jobs and Facebook accounts completed an online survey. Results confirmed that
most working professionals accepted coworker Facebook friend requests. However, request decisions
varied in conjunction with organizational privacy orientation, current Facebook privacy management
practices, and co-worker communication satisfaction. Results confirm that working professionals’ Facebook
linkage choices with other co-workers are best understood when embedded within a framework which
provides a more complete understanding of the functioning of their privacy rules.
This research was based upon the study of (Seng, Al-Ameen & Wright 2021) “A look into user privacy and
third-party applications in Facebook “where they state that there’s a lot of personal and sensitive data are
shared on Facebook which can lead the hackers to gain interest. Especially when a user does not have
enough knowledge about privacy policies of Facebook, makes them to release more information about
themselves. (Malik, Hiekkanen, Dhir and Nieminen 2016) believed that only a little percentage of people
who known how about the different privacy, issue and active daily life of a user’s intention to share
information in Facebook. To the further side of, (Gonzales & Hancock 2011) they believed that there was
circumstance in exposure to Facebook on self-esteem, this actively demonstrate that the people who has
been expose to Facebook enhance self-esteem that becoming self-awareness to the individual person. To
sum up everything that has been stated so far (Moghavvemi, Sharabati, Paramanathan, Md Rahin 2016)
believed that Facebook can also bring perceived enjoyment and knowledge by sharing. The particular
reason for circumstance the opportunity to enhance their knowledge and recognition is to share their own
comprehension in Facebook group.
2.1 Theoretical Framework
(Petronio, Child 2020) Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory explains one of the most
important, yet challenging social processes in everyday life, that is, managing disclosing and protecting
private information. The CPM privacy management system offers researchers, students, and the public a
comprehensive approach to the complex and fluid character of privacy management in action.
Sandra Petronio (2002) CPM is evidence-based, providing a reliable understanding of how decisions are
made to disclose and protect private information. This theory uses simple language to understand data
protection management in everyday life. CPM focuses on the relationship that people have in
communicative contexts such as face-to-face interactions, in social networks and in dyads or groups. CPM
theory is based on a communicative perspective, social behavior and not necessarily a legal perspective.
The CPM theory shows that privacy is not paradoxical, but is sustainable through the process of a data
protection management system used in everyday life. The CPM theory has been used in various contexts
to shed light on the precursors, mechanisms and results of private information management.
(DeWolf, Willaert, Pierson 2014) applied the Communication Privacy Management theory (CPM) to
determine the individual and group privacy management strategies in Facebook. They presented a survey
on 900 members of youth organization concerning their online behaviors and membership. Research
concluded that women tend to modify their privacy management strategies, while men have more tendency
to modify group privacy management strategies. In regards to group privacy management, they found
common bond and the role of an individual is attributed within the youth organization to be the strongest
predictors while (2010, Stutzman, Duffield) evaluate undergraduate Facebook users through the friends-
only profile by expectancy violations theory and concluded that it is by weak ties and increased
interpersonal privacy management, users are tended to modify their privacy setting to friends only.
In this case, Petronio’s Communication Privacy Management Theory (CPM) is more relevant in our study
because it aims at understanding privacy and information disclosure. Defining privacy as means to
individual right to own and manage.

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CHAPTER II

2.1 Theoretical Framework

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