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    The document discusses the chain rule for differentiation. It provides examples of applying the chain rule to differentiate more complex functions involving powers, fractions, square roots, and other nested functions. It then provides 7 questions for the reader to practice differentiating various functions using the chain rule, along with the answers.

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    Methods

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    The document discusses the chain rule for differentiation. It provides examples of applying the chain rule to differentiate more complex functions involving powers, fractions, square roots, and other nested functions. It then provides 7 questions for the reader to practice differentiating various functions using the chain rule, along with the answers.

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    The document discusses the chain rule for differentiation. It provides examples of applying the chain rule to differentiate more complex functions involving powers, fractions, square roots, and other nested functions. It then provides 7 questions for the reader to practice differentiating various functions using the chain rule, along with the answers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views3 pages

    Methods

    Uploaded by

    brosreaper
    The document discusses the chain rule for differentiation. It provides examples of applying the chain rule to differentiate more complex functions involving powers, fractions, square roots, and other nested functions. It then provides 7 questions for the reader to practice differentiating various functions using the chain rule, along with the answers.

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    2023 Year 11 Mathematics Methods: Investigation 2

    Research

    The Chain Rule is a rule that allows us to differentiate more complex functions.

    𝑑
    e.g. We can find (𝑥 2 + 5)7 without first expanding (𝑥 2 + 5)7 .
    𝑑𝑥

    The basic form of (𝑥 2 + 5)7 is “something” raised to the power 7. If the “something” were
    𝑑
    just 𝑥 , we could use the power rule to differentiate it ( 𝑥 7 = 7𝑥 6 ).
    𝑑𝑥

    The Chain Rule says we can still do that, but we have to compensate for the fact that the
    “something” is actually 𝑥 2 + 5, and not just 𝑥 .

    The Chain Rule says that, in order to compensate, we must multiply our answer by the
    derivative of the “something”:

    𝑑
    Hence (𝑥 2 + 5)7
    𝑑𝑥
    𝑑
    = 7 (𝑥 2 + 5)6 × (𝑥 2 + 5)
    𝑑𝑥
    = 7 (𝑥 2 + 5)6 × 2𝑥
    = 14𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 5)6

    Here are further examples of the application of the Chain Rule:


    𝑑
    (i) (5 − 2𝑥)10
    𝑑𝑥
    𝑑
    = 10 (5 − 2𝑥)9 × 𝑑𝑥 (5 − 2𝑥)
    = 10 (5 − 2𝑥)9 × −(2)
    𝑑
    (ii) (𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2)7
    𝑑𝑥
    𝑑
    = 7 (𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2)6 × 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2)
    = 7 (𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2)6 × (3𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 9)
    𝑑 1
    (iii) 𝑑𝑥 5𝑥+8

    𝑑
    = (5𝑥 + 8)−1
    𝑑𝑥
    𝑑
    = −(5𝑥 + 8)−2 × (5𝑥 + 8)
    𝑑𝑥
    −1
    = ×5
    (5𝑥+8)2
    −5
    = (5𝑥+8)2

    𝑑
    (iv)
    𝑑𝑥
    √𝑥 3 + 𝑥

    𝑑 1
    = (𝑥 3 + 𝑥)2
    𝑑𝑥
    1 𝑑
    = 1
    2
    (𝑥 3 + 𝑥)−2 × (𝑥 3 + 𝑥)
    𝑑𝑥
    1
    = × (3𝑥 2 + 1)
    2√𝑥 3 +𝑥
    3𝑥 2 +1
    =
    2√𝑥 3 +𝑥

    𝑑
    (v) 7(𝑥 3 − 1)5
    𝑑𝑥
    𝑑
    = 35 (𝑥 3 − 1)4 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 3 − 1)
    = 35 (𝑥 3 − 1)4 (3𝑥 2 )
    = 105 𝑥 2 (𝑥 3 − 1)4

    Try the following examples for yourself:


    𝑑
    Q1 (3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)5
    𝑑𝑥

    𝑑
    Q2 (−𝑥 4 + 10𝑥)4
    𝑑𝑥

    𝑑 3
    Q3 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 2 +1)2

    𝑑
    Q4 (√𝑥 + 2 + √2𝑥 + 3)
    𝑑𝑥

    𝑑 𝑥 2 −2
    Q5 √
    𝑑𝑥 3

    1
    Q6 Find the equation of the tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + at the point (1, 2).
    2𝑥−1
    2
    Q7 An object in rectilinear motion satisfies 𝑥 = 𝑡 − √𝑡 3 + 1 where 𝑥 is its displacement
    in metres and 𝑡 is time in seconds. What is the object’s velocity when 𝑡 = 2
    seconds?
    Answers

    Q1 5(3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥)4 (6𝑥 + 7)

    Q2 4(−𝑥 4 + 10𝑥)3 (−4𝑥 3 + 10) or 8(−𝑥 4 + 10𝑥)3 (−2𝑥 3 + 5)


    −12𝑥
    Q3 (𝑥 2 +1)3

    1 1 1 1
    Q4 1
    2
    (𝑥 + 2)−2 + (2𝑥 + 3)−2 = +
    2√𝑥+2 √2𝑥+3

    𝑥
    Q5
    √3 √𝑥 2 −2

    Q6 𝑦=2

    Q7 2 ms-1

    Note: The validation will be ‘no calculator’.

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