1.

A patient suffers from Down’s disease that manifests as mental retardation, shortness of stature,
pathologically short fi- ngers and toes, and eyes with mongoloid slant. Karyotype analysis revealed
trisomy 21. What group of diseases does this pathology belong to?
A. *Chromosomal disorders
B. Molecular genetic disease
C. Gametopathy
D. Fetopathy
E. Blastopathy
2. A patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis was
disturbed resulting in acute decrease of urine output?
A. Obligate reabsorption
B. *Glomerular filtration
C. Facultative reabsorption
D. Tubular secretion
3. A 12-year-old boy is of short stature, but his mental development corresponds with that of his age
group. What hormone deficiency is the most likely to cause this pathology?
A. Oxytocin
B. Insulin
C. *Somatotropin
D. Vasopressin
E. Adrenaline
4. A 10-year-old child has height of 178 cm and body mass of 67 kg. These presentations are caused
by the functional disturbance of the:
A. Adrenal glands
B. Thyroid gland
C. Gonads
D. *Pituitary gland
E. Parathyroid glands
5. Any damage to the patient’s vessels results in persistent hemorrhage. Blood clotting factor VIII is
deficient in the patient’s blood. What disease does this patient suffer from?
A. Radiation sickness
B. Acute vascular purpura
C. Thrombocytopenic purpura
D. Anemia
E. *Hemophilia
6. A patient presents with persistent tachycardia, exophthalmos, high excitability, increased basal
metabolic rate. What disorder can lead to the development of this syndrome?
A. *Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypoparathyroidism
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Hyperparathyroidism
E. Adrenal hypofunction
7. On examination the patient’s sclera and oral mucosa are icteric. What biochemical blood value can
be expected to be increased?
A. Glucose
B. Amylase
C. *Bilirubin
D. Albumin
E. Cholesterol
8. A 25-year-old man has an appointment with the dentist. Several minutes after his oral cavity was
lavaged with furacilin (nitrofurazone) the patient developed significant labial edema. What type of
allergic reaction is observed in this case?
A. Stimulated
B. Delayed-type hypersensitivity
C. Cytolytic
D. *Anaphylactic
E. E. Immune complex
9. A patient with gastric carcinoma has undergone several courses of radiation therapy. What system
is the first to become functionally disturbed after the body was exposed to ionizing radiation?
A. Respiratory
B. Nervous
C. Digestive
D. Urinary
 E. *Blood
10. During regular check-up a patient presents with enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, increased
body temperature, heart rate up to 110/min. What hormone should be measured in the patient’s
blood in this case?
A. *Thyroxin
B. Testosterone
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
E. Cortisol
11. When working in the garden, a man accidentally cut his hand. The wound remained untreated.
Shortly after that the wounded area developed inflammation with accumulation of exudate that
contained numerous viable and degenerate neutrophils. What type of exudate is it?
A. Fibrinous
B. Serous
C. *Purulent
D. Hemorrhagic
E. Catarrhal
12. A patient presents with persistent fever, with the difference between evening and morning
temperature not exceeding 1oC. What type of fever curve is present in this patient?
A. Recurrent
B. Remittent
C. Hectic
D. *Continuous
E. Intermittent
13. Ultraviolet irradiation is used in medicine in various physiotherapeutic procedures. What
mechanism of medicinal action is characteristic of ultraviolet rays?
A. Activation of lipid peroxidation
B. Activation of drug action
C. Decrease of melanin synthesis in the skin
D. Intensification of cell division
E. *Activation of vitamin D synthesis
14. A patient has a gallstone lodged in the common bile duct, which blocks bile supply to the intestine.
What digestive process will be disturbed in this case?
A. *Fat digestion
B. Protein absorption
C. Carbohydrate digestion
D. Carbohydrate absorption
E. Protein digestion
15. A 46-year-old patient presents with hyperactivity of creatine kinase in his blood serum. What
pathology can be suspected?
A. Acute pancreatitis
B. *Myocardial infarction
C. Chronic hepatitis
D. Hemolytic anemia
E. Renal failure
16. A patient is pale, has goose bumps and chills. What stage of fever is it characteristic of?
A. Continuous fever
B. Temperature decrease
C. *Temperature increase
D. Compensation
E. Latent stage
17. Ascarids were detected in a sick child. What changes in leukogram will be the most characteristic
of helminthiasis?
A. Lymphocytosis
B. Basophilia
C. Neutrophilia
D. *Eosinophilia
E. Monocytosis
18. A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina and disorders of the
gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage
of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
A. Recovery
B. Prodromal stage
 C. Latent stage
D. *Manifest illness stage
19. After a traffic accident the driver presents with increased blood glucose. What mechanism leads to
hyperglycemia in this case?
A. *Sympathoadrenal system activation
B. Increased production of somatotropic hormone
C. Decreased production of insulin
D. Decreased production of glucagon
E. Decreased tone of parasympathetic nervous system
20. Examination of a 45-year-old man, who for a long time kept to a vegetarian plantbased diet,
revealed him to have negative nitrogen balance. What peculiarity of his diet has caused such
developments?
A. Insufficient fat content
B. *Insufficient protein content
C. Insufficient vitamin content
D. Excessive water content
E. Excessive carbohydrate content
21. After severe emotional strain a 53-year-old man suddenly developed acute pain in the heart area,
which irradiates to the left hand, to the neck, and under the left scapula. He noted numbness of his
left hand. His face is pale and covered in cold sweat. Nitroglycerine administration stopped the pain
attack after 10 minutes had passed. What is the most likely disease in this case?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Stroke
C. *Angina pectoris
D. Pulmonary embolism
E. Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
22. During ultrasound investigation a patient was diagnosed with bilateral renal artery stenosis of
atherosclerotic genesis. Specify the bioactive substance that due to its excessive secretion is the
key component of arterial hypertension pathogenesis in the given case:
A. Noradrenaline
B. Cortisol
C. Vasopressin
D. *Renin
E. Thyroxin
23. At the end of his shift a worker of the steel foundry felt dizziness, his body temperature increased to
38.5oC. What condition does he present with?
A. Hypertension
B. Decompression
C. Fever
D. Hypothermia
E. *Hyperthermia
24. A patient in the state of ketoacidotic coma presents with loud rapid respiration: labored expiration
with tension of expiratory muscles occurs after deep inspiration. Name this type of pathologic
respiration:
A. *Kussmaul’s
B. Cheyne-Stokes’
C. Gasping
D. Stenotic
E. Biot’s
25. A woman complains of itching lips; they are reddened and covered in scabs and scales after she
had been using new lipstick for two weeks. What allergic reactions result in this kind of disorders?
A. Stimulating
B. Cytotoxic
C. Immune complex
D. Anaphylactic
E. *Delayed
26. A 55-year-old man came to a doctor with complaints of acute pain in his big toes. Meat and wine
are a permanent fixture in his diet. The doctor suspects gout. What substance must be measured
in the patient’s blood to confirm this diagnosis?
A. Urea
B. *Uric acid
C. Lactate
D. Bilirubin
 E. Ketone bodies
27. Parents of a 10-year-old child have made an appointment with an endocrinologist due to
complaints of the child’s low height. The child’s appearance is corresponding with that of a 5-
yearold. What hormone causes such changes in physical development, if its secretion is disturbed?
A. Thyroxin
B. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
C. *Somatotropic hormone
D. Testosterone
E. Insulin
28. An injured person exhibits the following signs at the site of trauma: skin redness, throbbing small
arteries, elevated local temperature, increased tissue turgor. What local blood circulation disorder
are these presentations typical of?
A. Embolism
B. Venous hyperemia
C. Thrombosis
D. *Arterial hyperemia
E. Ischemia
29. A person has been stung by a bee. The stung area developed redness and edema. What is the
main mechanism of edema development?
A. Disturbed lymphatic efflux
B. Decreased oncotic blood pressure
C. Increased hydrostatic blood pressure
D. Decreased osmotic blood pressure
E. *Increased permeability of the capillaries
30. A patient was delivered into a resuscitation unit with signs of alcohol poisoning. The patient
developed hypoxia of the following pathogenesis:
A. *Tissue
B. Hypoxic
C. Hemic
D. Circulatory
E. Mixed
31. Prolonged taking of cytostatic agents resulted in development of necrotic tonsillitis in the patient. It
can be associated with the following changes in the leukocyte content:
A. Neutrophilic leukocytosis
B. *Agranulocytosis
C. Lymphopenia
D. Eosinopenia
E. Lymphocytosis
32. A patient with type I diabetes mellitus developed hyperketonemic coma. What acid-base imbalance
will be observed in the patient?
A. Gaseous acidosis
B. *Nongaseous acidosis
C. Nongaseous alkalosis
D. Gaseous alkalosis
E. There will be no acid-base imbalances
33. Hyperlipemia can be observed in 2-3 hours after eating fatty food. 9 hours later lipid content
normalizes again. How can this condition be characterized?
A. Hyperplastic obesity
B. Transport hyperlipemia
C. *Alimentary hyperlipemia
D. Retention hyperlipemia
E. E. Hypertrophic obesity
34. A patient presents with icteric sclera and mucous tunics; urine is dark; feces are light colored.
Blood content of direct and indirect bilirubin is increased, urine content of direct bilirubin is
increased. What pathology can be characterized by these signs?
A. Jaundice of the newborn
B. Hemolytic jaundice
C. Hepatocellular jaundice
D. *Obstructive jaundice
E. Atherosclerosis
35. The patient presents with rapid growth of a tumor node and its progressing malignization. What
stage of tumor growth can be characterized by these presentations?
A. Inactivation
 B. Promotion (activation)
C. Transformation
D. Exudation
E. *Progression
36. A 55-year-old man, who had been suffering from mitral insufficiency for many years, developed
acute heart failure. What pathophysiological type of heart failure can be observed in this case?
A. *Due to cardiac overload
B. Due to hypoxic damage to the heart
C. Due to coronarogenic damage to the heart
D. Due to neurogenic damage to the heart
E. Due to acute cardiac tamponade
37. A 54-year-old man requested a pharmacist’s advice on drug prescription. The patient has 4-year-
long history of chronic glomerulonephritis and 2-yearlong history of persistent hypertension. What
substance synthesized in the kidneys has important role in development of arterial hypertension?
A. Nitric oxide
B. *Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. Histamine
E. Catecholamines
38. A 71-year-old woman developed mechanical jaundice due to obstruction of the bile duct with a
chololith. Decrease of blood pressure and bradycardia are detected. These changes in functioning
of the patient’s cardiovascular system are caused by increased blood content of the following
substance:
A. Indirect bilirubin
B. Direct bilirubin
C. *Bile acids
D. Urobilin
E. Stercobilin
39. A 5-year-old child presents with abdominal distension, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea occurring
1-4 hours after drinking milk. Described symptoms are caused by the lack of enzymes that break
up:
A. Saccharose
B. Glucose
C. Maltose
D. *Lactose
E. Fructose
40. On autopsy there are numerous suppurative foci within many of the internal organs. What
pathological process is it characteristic of?
A. Toxemia
B. Septicemia
C. Sepsis
D. Bacteriemia
E. *Septicopyemia
41. During routine preventive examination the local pediatrician noticed a boy of short stature. Mental
development of the child corresponds with his age. What endocrine disorder is it?
A. *Pituitary nanism
B. Cretinism
C. Acromegalia
D. Gigantism
E. Rickets
42. A 25-year-old-patient with the II degree thermal burns came to a doctor. Objectively: there are large
blisters on the upper limbs; the blisters are filled with clear exudate containing mostly water and
albumines with isolated leukocytes. Name the type of the exudate:
A. Catarrhal (mucous)
B. *Serous
C. Fibrinous
D. Purulent
E. Hemorrhagic
43. A patient with brain edema presents with respiration that is characterized by periods of several
respiratory movements of equal amplitude alternating with periods of apnea. What pathologic
respiration is it characteristic of?
A. Apneustic respiration
B. Gasping respiration
 C. *Biot’s respiration
D. Cheyne-Stokes’ respiration
E. Kussmaul’s respiration
44. A patient in the state of ketoacidotic coma presents with loud rapid respiration: labored expiration
with tension of expiratory muscles occurs after deep inspiration. Name the type of pathologic
respiration:
A. Stenotic
B. Cheyne-Stokes’
C. Gasping
D. *Kussmaul’s
E. Biot’s
45. In 9 days after administration of a therapeutic serum the patient developed urticaria, itching,
edemas, and lymph nodes enlargement. What type of allergic reaction has occurred in the patient?
A. Cellular
B. Cytotoxic
C. Anaphylactic
D. Stimulating
E. *Immune complex
46. Exudation is characteristic of inflammation. What factors cause exudation and local edema of the
inflamed area?
A. *Increased permeability of vessel wall
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Ischemia
D. Leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
E. Decreased permeability of vessel wall
47. The patient’s large-focal myocardial infarction is complicated with pulmonary edema. What
disturbance of cardiohemodynamics contributed to the pulmonary edema development?
A. Acute right ventricular failure
B. *Acute left ventricular failure
C. Autoimmune myocarditis
D. Cardiogenic shock
E. Reperfusion syndrome
48. In an emergency situation a scuba diver has quickly risen from the depth to the surface in violation
of safety regulations. He is unconscious, presents with respiratory failure and cardiac activity
disorder as the result of decompression sickness. What complication can develop in the scuba
diver?
A. Air embolism
B. Fat embolism
C. *Gas embolism
D. Cellular embolism
E. Thromboembolism
49. A patient has been hospitalised with pneumonia. What kind of respiratory failure does the patient
have?
A. Peripheral
B. Obstructive
C. Central
D. *Restrictive
E. Thoracic diaphragm
50. In the state of fright the following signs can be observed: acute pallor of face, tremor of extremities.
What kind of ischemia can be observed in such a condition?
A. Obstructive (vascular wall thickening)
B. Compression
C. Obstructive (thrombus)
D. Metabolic
E. *Angiospastic
51. An injured person exhibits the following signs at the site of trauma: skin redness, throbbing small
arteries, elevated local temperature, increased tissue turgor. What local blood circulation disorder
are these presentations typical of?
A. *Arterial hyperemia
B. Venous hyperemia
C. Thrombosis
D. Embolism
E. Ischemia
52. At the sixth month of pregnancy a woman has been diagnosed with severe iron-deficiency anemia.
Appearance of the following elements in her blood became the diagnostic character:
A. Macrocytes
B. *Hypochromic erythrocytes
C. Megalocytes
D. Reticulocytes
E. Erythroblasts
53. A 70-year-old patient presents with cardiac and cerebral atherosclerosis. Examination revealed
changes of blood lipid spectre. Increase of the following lipoproteins plays a significant role in
atherosclerosis pathogenesis:
A. Intermediate density lipoproteins
B. Very low-density lipoproteins
C. *Low-density lipoproteins
D. High-density lipoproteins
E. Chylomicrons
54. During containment measures following Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant disaster a worker has
been exposed to a dose of ionizing emission of 6 Gy (600 R). The worker complains of general
fatigue, nausea, dizziness, labile blood pressure and heart rate, short-term leukocytosis with
lymphopenia. What stage of acute radiation sickness can be characterized by such presentations?
A. Recovery
B. Manifest
C. Latent
D. *Prodromal
E. Long-term consequences
55. An elderly man exhibits low levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin in blood; however, his color
index is 1,3. Blood smear analysis revealed megaloblasts. What type of anemia is observed in this
case?
A. Chronic posthemorrhagic
B. Iron-deficiency
C. Acquired hemolytic
D. Hereditary hemolytic
E. *B12-folic acid deficiency
56. After drinking milk a 1-year-old child developed diarrhea, flatulence. The baby is likely to have
deficiency of the following enzyme:
A. *Lactase
B. Maltase
C. Aldolase
D. Hexokinase
E. Glycosidase
57. A patient with alcoholic cirrhosis complains of general weakness and dyspnea. The following is
revealed: decrease of blood pressure, ascites, dilation of superficial veins of the stomach anterior
wall, esophageal varicose veins dilatation, splenomegaly. What hemodynamics disorder does the
patient suffer from?
A. Left ventricular failure
B. *Portal hypertension
C. Right ventricular failure
D. Cardiac insufficiency
E. Collapse
58. A patient has icteric skin; unconjugated bilirubin content in blood is high; conjugated bilirubin in
urine is not detected. There is significant amount of urobilin in urine and stercobilin in feces. Name
the pathology characterized by given symptoms:
A. Jaundice of the newborn
B. Obstructive jaundice
C. *Hemolytic jaundice
D. Hepatocellular jaundice
E. Atherosclerosis
59. A 46-year-old patient was found to have hyperactivity of creatine kinase in the blood serum. What
pathology can be suspected?
A. Hemolytic anemia
B. Acute pancreatitis
C. Chronic hepatitis
D. *Myocardial infarction
E. Renal failure
60. A patient with pulmonary carcinoma has developed a case of pleurisy. Large amount of
hemorrhagic exudate was obtained for analysis. What component is specific for hemorrhagic
exudate?
A. Pus
B. Leukocytes
C. Platelets
D. Fibrin
E. *Erythrocytes
61. A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the
gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What stage
of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
A. *Manifest illness stage
B. Prodromal stage
C. Latent stage
D. Recovery
62. A patient with croupous pneumonia presents with sharp increase of body temperature up to 39oC,
which persisted for 9 days with daily amplitude of 1 degree. What temperature curve could be
observed?
A. Hectic
B. *Stable
C. Septic
D. Recurrent
E. Atypical
63. A patient of a neurology unit suffers from paralysis of all limbs. Name this condition:
A. Hemiplegia
B. Paraplegia
C. *Tetraplegia
D. Paresis
E. Hypodynamia
64. The most severe and dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus is hypoglycemic coma that is
characterized by loss of consciousness and is lethal, unless efficient emergency treatment is
received by patient. What is the main pathogenetic component of hypoglycemic coma?
A. *Carbohydrate deficiency and low energy of cerebral neurons
B. Carbohydrate deficiency and low energy of myocardium cells
C. Blood hyperosmia
D. Noncompensated ketoacidosis
E. Respiratory alkalosis
65. A woman complains of nausea, vomiting, skin itch. She was diagnosed with mechanical jaundice.
What is the possible cause of skin itch in such a condition?
A. Direct bilirubin appearing in the blood
B. Increased blood content of indirect bilirubin
C. Cholesterol accumulating in the blood
D. *Bile acids accumulating in the blood
E. Erythrocyte disintegration products accumulating in the blood
66. Modelling of immobilization stress is performed on a test animal - guinea pig - that starved for a
day. Dissection revealed hyperemic gastric mucosa with multiple erosions. What theory of ulcer
formation is confirmed by this test?
A. Peptic
B. Vascular
C. Inflammatory
D. Mechanical
E. *Corticovisceral (stress)
67. A 40-year-old man presents with rapid weight gain after he had suffered a severe craniocerebral
trauma. On examination the patient’s weight was 125 kg, with his height being 175 cm. What
mechanism of obesity development is the most likely in this case?
A. *Hypothalamic
B. Alimentary
C. Hormonal
D. Hereditary
68. A victim of a traffic accident is hospitalized at a resuscitation unit. Objectively: the patient is
unconscious, BP is 90/60 mm Hg, high blood content of creatinine and urea is observed, diurnal
diuresis is 80 ml. Characterize the patient’s diurnal diuresis:
A. Oliguria
 B. *Anuria
C. Polyuria
D. Pollakiuria
E. Nocturia
69. A newborn child born from Rhnegative mother in the result of her third pregnancy presents with
gradually worsening jaundice, irritated central nervous system, anemia. What type of jaundice does
the infant suffer from?
A. Obstructive
B. Hepatocellular
C. *Hemolytic
D. Parasitic
E. Toxic
70. In an emergency situation a scuba diver has quickly risen from the depths to the surface, thus
breaking safety rules. He is unconscious, presents with respiratory failure and cardiac activity
disorder as the result of decompression sickness. What complication may develop in the scuba
diver?
A. Cellular embolism
B. Fat embolism
C. Air embolism
D. *Gas embolism
E. Thromboembolism
71. The patient has been hospitalised with pneumonia. What kind of respiratory failure does the patient
have?
A. Thoracic diaphragm
B. Obstructive
C. Central
D. Peripheral
E. *Restrictive
72. What disorder of local circulation is characterized by pallor, local temperature drop, pain, local
sensitivity disorder, reduction of the organ volume?
A. *Ischemia
B. Venostasis
C. Thrombosis
D. Embolism
E. Arterial hyperemia
73. A 22-year-old man was stung by bees; the affected area became hyperemic and edematous. What
is the leading mechanism of edema development in this patient?
A. Impaired lymphatic efflux
B. Decreased hydrostatic blood pressure in the capillaries
C. Increased oncotic pressure of tissue fluid
D. *Increased permeability of the capillaries
E. Reduced oncotic pressure of blood
74. A patient has obstruction of the common bile duct. Which of these substances is usually found in
urine in such cases?
A. Ketone bodies
B. *Bilirubin
C. Uric acid
D. Creatinine
E. Glucose
75. A 40-year-old man diagnosed with gastric ulcer has developed the symptoms anew after a long
period of dormancy. Such disease course can be characterized as a:
A. Recovery
B. Remission
C. *Recurrence
D. Latency
76. An elderly patient exhibits low levels of red blood cells and hemoglobin in blood, but the color index
is 1,3. Blood smear analysis revealed megaloblasts. What type of anemia is observed in this case?
A. Hereditary hemolytic
B. Iron-deficiency
C. Acquired hemolytic
D. *B12-folic acid deficiency
E. Chronic posthemorrhagic
77. The patient with alcoholic cirrhosis complains of general weakness and dyspnea. The following is
revealed: decrease of arterial pressure, ascites, dilation of the superficial veins of the stomach
anterior wall, esophageal varicose veins dilatation, splenomegaly. What haemodynamics disorder
does the patient suffer from?
A. Collapse
B. Left ventricular failure
C. Right ventricular failure
D. Cardiac insufficiency
E. *Portal hypertension
78. In response to the administration of protein drugs, a patient developed an allergic reaction. The
development of the allergic reaction is caused by the increased synthesis of the following
compound:
A. *Histamine
B. Choline
C. Adrenaline
D. Histidine
E. Serotonin
79. The patient has icteric skin; unconjugated bilirubin content in blood is high; conjugated bilirubin in
urine is not detected. There is significant amount of urobilin in urine and stercobilin in feces. Name
the pathology characterized by the given symptoms:
A. Obstructive jaundice
B. *Hemolytic jaundice
C. Jaundice of the newborn
D. Hepatocellular jaundice
E. Atherosclerosis
80. A patient complains of pain in the small joints. High concentration of uric acid is detected in his
blood plasma. What pathology causes such changes?
A. Phenylketonuria
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. *Gout
D. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
E. Diabetes insipidus
81. A patient suffering from coronary heart disease, who had had two myocardial infarctions of left
ventricular wall, presents with bubbling breathing and dyspnea. Pulmonary auscultation reveals
numerous moist crackles. What kind of heart failure is it?
A. Subcompensated
B. Right ventricular
C. Compensated
D. *Left ventricular
E. Combined
82. A 46-year-old patient was found to have hyperactivity of creatine kinase in his blood serum. What
kind of pathology can be suspected?
A. Renal failure
B. Acute pancreatitis
C. Chronic hepatitis
D. Haemolytic anemia
E. *Myocardial infarction
83. A man received a radiation dose of 30 Gy. He presents with necrotic angina, disorders of the
gastrointestinal tract. Blood tests revealed anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. What period
of acute radiation sickness is observed in the patient?
A. *Height of disease
B. Primary reactions
C. Imaginary wellbeing
D. End of disease
84. In the course of an experiment in the mesenteric vein of a toad a trombus was created with a
crystal of common salt. What processes occurred during the first stage of trombus formation?
A. Production of active thromboplastin
B. *Adhesion, aggregation, agglutination of platelets
C. Production of thrombin
D. Production of fibrin monomer
E. Production of fibrin polymer
85. A patient was visiting a pharmacy, when he suddenly felt unwell. He developed palpitations, rapid
heart rate, pain in the chest that after several minutes spread to the left scapula and left side of the
head. What condition should be considered first?
A. Dysphagia
B. Peptic gastric ulcer disease
C. *Ischemic heart disease
D. Pneumonia
E. Somatoform autonomic dysfunction
86. After ishemic stroke a 67-year-old patient developed reduced mobility of the left leg. Name this
condition:
A. Myasthenia
B. Paralysis
C. *Paresis
D. Hyperkinesia
E. Tremor
87. A 32-year-old patient with cerebellar tumor was delivered to an admission room of a hospital. The
patient presents with ataxia that can be characterized by:
A. Pathological reflexes
B. Involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles
C. Increased muscle tone
D. *Disrupted coordination of movements
E. Irregular force and direction of movements
88. When tongue of an experemental rabbit is smeared with turpentine, the affected area reddnes and
its blood supply increases. What type of arterial hyperemia occurs in this case?
A. Metabolic
B. Working
C. Neuroparalitic
D. *Neurotonic
E. Reactive
89. A 10-year-old child has height of 178 cm and body mass of 67 kg. These presentations are caused
by the functional disturbance of the:
A. Thyroid gland
B. *Pituitary gland
C. Adrenal glands
D. Gonads
E. Parathyroid glands
90. A patient presents with persistent tachycardia, exophthalmos, hight excitability, increased basal
metabolic rate. What disorder can lead to the development of this syndrome?
A. Hypoparathyroidism
B. *Hyperthyroidism
C. Hyperparathyroidism
D. Hypothyroidism
E. Adrenal hypofunction
91. During regular check-up a patient presents with enlarged thyroid gland, exophthalmos, increased
body temperature, heart rate up to 110/min. What hormone should be measured in the patient’s
blood in this case?
A. Testosterone
B. Glucagone
C. *Thyroxin
D. Insulin
E. Cortisol
92. X-ray examination of a 59-year-old patient detected a distinct shadow, differential for tumor, in the
lower lobe of the right lung. It was pre-determined that the tumor is benign. Which of the following
features characterizes the tumor as benign?
A. Invasion in the surrounding tissues
B. Metastasis
C. *Expansive growth
D. Cancer cachexia
E. Infiltrating growth

93. A patient suffers from a myocardial infarction which is characterised by a restriction in blood supply
to tissues which leads to inadequate oxygen delivery to cells and contravention of cell metabolism.
With of the following is the most common cause of this pathological condition?
 A. Air embolism of the coronary vessels
B. Congenital stenosis of the coronary vessels
C. Parasitic embolism
D. *Systemic drop in blood pressure
E. Acute thrombosis of a cardiac artery
94. After a car accident a patient presents with complete absence of voluntary movements of the upper
and lower limbs. Name this disorder of the nervous system:
A. Paraplegia
B. Hemiparesis
C. Monoplegia
D. *Tetraplegia
E. Monoparesis
95. Due to a violation of safety regulations, a worker received a deep cut on his hand. After a while, a
thick scar formed at the place where the wounds was. What type of disease ending is observed in
this case?
A. Complete recovery
B. Complication
C. Remission
D. *Incomplete recovery
E. Recurrence
96. A 50-year-old patient in a poor condition was delivered to the hospital. Objectively, the skin and
visible mucosa are cyanotic, arterial blood saturation – 88%, NIBP – 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is 117
per minute, respiratory rate is 22 per minute. The patient has a history of chronic heart failure.
Which of the following types of hypoxia is most likely to develop in this case?
A. Anemic
B. Tissue
C. Hypoxic
D. Hemic
E. *Circulatory
97. A 46-years-old patient was found to have hyperactivity of creatine kinase in his blood serum. What
kind of pathology can be suspected?
A. *Myocardial infarction
B. Renal failure
C. Hemolitic anemia
D. Acute pancreatitis
E. Chronic hepatitis
98. Exudation is characteristic of inflammation. What factors cause exudation and local edema of the
inflamed area?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. *Increase permeability of vessel wall
C. Decrease permeability of vessel wall
D. Ischemia
E. Leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells
99. Patient has developed anuria. Blood pressure is 50/20 mm Hg. What process of uropoiesis cased
acute decrease of urination?
A. -
B. Tubular secretion
C. Obligate reabsorption
D. Facultative reabsorption
E. *Glomerular filtration
100. During routine preventive examination the local pediatrician noticed a boy of short stature. Mental
development of the child corresponds with his age. What endocrine disorder is it?
A. Rickets
B. Acromegalia
C. *Pituitary nanism
D. Gigantism
E. Cretinism

101. Hyperlipemia can be observed in 2-3 hours after eating fatty food. 9 hours later lipid content
normalizes again. How can this condition be characterized?
A. Retention hyperlipemia
B. *Alimentary hyperlipemia
 C. Transport hyperlipemia
D. Hypertrophic obesity
E. Hyperplastic obesity
102. The patient presents with rapid growth of tumor node and its progressing malignization. What stage
of tumor growth can be characterized by these presentation?
A. Inactivation
B. Promotion (activation)
C. Exudation
D. Transformation
E. *Progression