Chandrayaan 3

CHANDRAYAAN 3
INTRODUCTION
Chandrayaan 3 is the third lunar exploration mission of ISRO. It was launched on

14th July 2023 from SDSC in Sriharikota, AP. It consists of lunar lander name
Vikram and lunar rover named Pragyaan. It soft-landed on 23 rd August, 2023
and begins its operation on Sep 07 2023.
OBJECTIVES
A) Demonstrate a soft landing on lunar surface.

B) Conducts scientific experiments.
C) Develop and demonstrate new technology for future lunar mission.
Vikram equipped with no. of scientific instrument including seismometer a

magnetometer, spectrometer and conduct experiments on soils and rocks.
WHAT WENT WRONG IN CHANDRAYAAN 2
On 22nd July, 2019 ISRO launched Chandrayaan 2 on board a launch vehicle

mark 3 [LVM 3] launch vehicle consisting of an orbitary a land and a rover.
1) Lander’s breaking system malfunctioned : It was supported to use a

combination of retrorocket and a truster to slow down its descent.
However, retro rockets fired for too long, causing the louder to lose control.
2) Lander was not able to compensate for errors in its trajectory caused by
malfunction breaking.
3) It was not able to land to intended location. However it landed in a more
rugged area, which caused it to crash.
ISRO learned from failure of Chandrayaan 2 and has made changes to design of
Chandrayaan 3 mission.
1) Breaking system has been redesigned to be more reliable.

2) Lander computer has been upgraded to be able to compensate for more
errors.
3) Set up more Cameras.
BENEFITS IN INDIA
 Boosts national pride and attracts attention from around the world.
 Showcases the technology capabilities to see leadership in spacecraft.
 Develop new technology for further mission.
 Generates employment opportunities
 Promotes scientific research and innovation.
 Inspire young people to pursue career in science and technology.
LEADERSHIP ASPECT OF CHANDRAYAAN 3
1) S. SOMNATH – Team Leader, ISRO Chairman

2) P Veeramuthuvel – Project Director of Chandrayaan 3 Mission
3) Kalpana K – Deputy Project Director of Chandrayaan 3
4) Nilesh M. Desai – Space Applications Centre (SAC), Ahmedabad, Director
5) S. Unnikrishnan Nair – Director of Thiruvananthapuram based Vikram
Sarabhai Space Centre. (VSSC)
6) A Rajarajan – Director of Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Shriharikota
7) M. Sankaran – Director of Bengaluru based U R Rao Satellite Centre.
COMMUNICATION ASPECT OF CHANDRAYAAN 3
The communication aspect of Chandrayaan 3 is a critical part of the mission. The

land and rover need to be able communicate with earth in order to send and
receive data, commands, and images.
 The Chandrayaan 3 lander has a gain high antenna that can be used to
communicate directly with Earth.
 Its orbiter has a medium gain that can be used to relay communications
between the lander and Earth.
 The Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) has a number of large antennas
that can be used to communicate with the land and orbiter.
Its uses a variety of frequencies to ensure that the signal can reach Earth even
when the spacecraft is behind the Moon. The lander and orbiter also have
redundant communication system in case one of them fails.
CHALLENGES FACED DURING COMMUNICATION
 The distance between moon and earth is very larger, which means signal
takes a long time to travel between the two bodies. This can cause delays in
communication.
 The Moon’s surface is not smooth, which can cause interference with the
signals.
 The Moon’s atmosphere is very thin, which means that there is not much
air to refract the signal. This can make it difficult to receive the signal on
earth.
Despite these challenges, the communication system for Chandrayaan 3 has been
designed to be very reliable. The system has been tested extensively and has been
shown to be capable of communicating with the lander and rover even in the
most challenging conditions.
CONCLUSION
The successful communication of Chandrayaan 3 is a major achievement for the

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The mission has demonstrated that
India has the capability to send and receive signals from spacecraft in deep space.
This is significant step forward for India’s space programme and will help to pave
the way for future missions to the moon and beyond.

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CHANDRAYAAN 3

Chandrayaan 3 is the third lunar exploration mission of ISRO. It was launched on

A) Demonstrate a soft landing on lunar surface.

Vikram equipped with no. of scientific instrument including seismometer a

WHAT WENT WRONG IN CHANDRAYAAN 2

On 22nd July, 2019 ISRO launched Chandrayaan 2 on board a launch vehicle

1) Lander’s breaking system malfunctioned : It was supported to use a

1) Breaking system has been redesigned to be more reliable.

LEADERSHIP ASPECT OF CHANDRAYAAN 3

1) S. SOMNATH – Team Leader, ISRO Chairman

The communication aspect of Chandrayaan 3 is a critical part of the mission. The

CHALLENGES FACED DURING COMMUNICATION

The successful communication of Chandrayaan 3 is a major achievement for the

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