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    Cell Structure and Functions

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    Angel Orodio
    Cell structure and functions document summarizes key parts of the cell: - The cell membrane separates the cell from its environment and controls passage of molecules. The cytoplasm provides structure and is the site of many reactions. Organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm. - The nucleus houses DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration. Peroxisomes and lysosomes carry out other metabolic functions. - Plant and animal cells differ in structures like a plant cell wall and chloroplasts that perform photosynthesis. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and compartments while prokaryotic cells

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    Cell Structure and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Angel Orodio
    51 views23 pages
    Cell structure and functions document summarizes key parts of the cell: - The cell membrane separates the cell from its environment and controls passage of molecules. The cytoplasm provides structure and is the site of many reactions. Organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm. - The nucleus houses DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration. Peroxisomes and lysosomes carry out other metabolic functions. - Plant and animal cells differ in structures like a plant cell wall and chloroplasts that perform photosynthesis. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and compartments while prokaryotic cells

    Original Title

    Cell Structure and Functions (1)

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    Cell structure and functions document summarizes key parts of the cell: - The cell membrane separates the cell from its environment and controls passage of molecules. The cytoplasm provides structure and is the site of many reactions. Organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm. - The nucleus houses DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration. Peroxisomes and lysosomes carry out other metabolic functions. - Plant and animal cells differ in structures like a plant cell wall and chloroplasts that perform photosynthesis. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and compartments while prokaryotic cells

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    51 views23 pages

    Cell Structure and Functions

    Uploaded by

    Angel Orodio
    Cell structure and functions document summarizes key parts of the cell: - The cell membrane separates the cell from its environment and controls passage of molecules. The cytoplasm provides structure and is the site of many reactions. Organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm. - The nucleus houses DNA and directs protein and ribosome synthesis. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration. Peroxisomes and lysosomes carry out other metabolic functions. - Plant and animal cells differ in structures like a plant cell wall and chloroplasts that perform photosynthesis. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and compartments while prokaryotic cells

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 23

    Cell Structure and

    Functions
    GUESS ME
    Guess what’s part / structure of
    the cell is being described or
    shown in the picture.
    Separates cell from the external environment;
    controls the passage of organic molecules, ions,
    water, oxygen, and wastes into and out of the cell
    CELL MEMBRANE
    Provides structure to cell; site of many metabolic
    reactions; medium in which organelles are found

    Cytoplasm/cytosol
    The center of the nucleus produces
    ribosomes
    It is the location of DNA
    Nucleolus
    Nucleus
    Cell organelle that houses DNA and
    directs the synthesis of ribosomes and
    proteins.
    It is responsible for protein synthesis.
    RIBOSOMES
    The powerhouse of the cell
    releases energy from
    food, ATP production, or cellular
    respiration
    MITOCHONDRIA
    Oxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and
    amino acids and detoxifies poisons
    PEROXISOMES
    Storage and transport; digestive function in
    plant cells

    Vesicles and Vacuoles


    Unspecified role in cell division in animal cells;
    organizing center of microtubules in animal cells

    CENTROSOME
    Digestion of macromolecules;
    recycling or worn-out organelles
    LYSOSOME
    Protection, structural support and
    Maintenance of cell shape.

    CELL WALL
    Modifies proteins and synthesizes
    Lipids.
    ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
    Modifies, sorts, tags, packages and
    distributes lipids and proteins

    Golgi apparatus
    Maintains cells shape, secure
    organelles on specific positions allow
    cytoplasm and vesicles to move within Cytoskeleton
    the cell, and enables unicellular
    organisms to move independently
    Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light
    energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the
    photosynthetic process

    chloroplast
    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL
    Eukaryotic cell (eu = true, karyon = nucleus) Prokaryotic cell (Pro = early/primitive)

    1. Nucleus distinct, with the well-formed nuclear


    membrane. 1. Nucleus not distinct, it is in the form of nuclear zone
    ‘nucleoid’. Nuclear membrane absent.
    2. Double-membraned cell organelles (Chloroplasts,
    2. Single-membraned cell bodies like mesosomes present.
    mitochondria nucleus) and single membraned Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body absent.
    (Golgi apparatus, lysosomes vacuole endoplasm
    3. 3. Ribosomes - 70 S
    reticulum) are present.
    4. No compartments.
    3. Ribosomes - 80 S

    4. Distinct compartments in the cell i.e. the


    cytoplasm and the nucleus.

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