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    Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

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    Anthony Quiroy
    The document summarizes the parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, the key parts include the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, plasmids, nucleoid, cytoplasm and ribosomes. Eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and lysosomes. The nucleus houses DNA and controls heredity. Plant and animal cells are also compared, noting additional structures in plant cells like cell walls and chloroplasts.

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    Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Quiroy
    108 views4 pages
    The document summarizes the parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, the key parts include the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, plasmids, nucleoid, cytoplasm and ribosomes. Eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and lysosomes. The nucleus houses DNA and controls heredity. Plant and animal cells are also compared, noting additional structures in plant cells like cell walls and chloroplasts.

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    biology grade-12

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    The document summarizes the parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, the key parts include the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, plasmids, nucleoid, cytoplasm and ribosomes. Eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and lysosomes. The nucleus houses DNA and controls heredity. Plant and animal cells are also compared, noting additional structures in plant cells like cell walls and chloroplasts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    108 views4 pages

    Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Quiroy
    The document summarizes the parts and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, the key parts include the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, plasmids, nucleoid, cytoplasm and ribosomes. Eukaryotic cells contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and lysosomes. The nucleus houses DNA and controls heredity. Plant and animal cells are also compared, noting additional structures in plant cells like cell walls and chloroplasts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    General Biology 1

    Cell Parts and Function


    Prokaryotic Cell

    Parts and Function


    1. Capsule – a sticky outer layer that provides protection.
    2. Cell wall – a structure that confers rigidity and shape of the cell.
    3. Plasma Membrane – a structure that serves as a permeability barrier.
    4. Plasmid – a genetic material
    5. Nucleoid – a DNA containing region with Cytoplasm
    6. Cytoplasm – the region where chromosomes (DNA), ribosomes, and various inclusions are found.
    7. Ribosome – the site where protein is synthesized.
    8. Pilus (Plural, Pili) – a hair-like appendage that functions in adhesion.
    9. Flagellum – facilitates movement of bacteria.

    Eukaryotic Cells
    Eukaryotic cells have three main parts: cell membrane, the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
    1. Cell Membrane – functions as a selectively permeable membrane that regulates the entrance and exit of
    substances into the cell.
    2. Cytoplasm – the biggest part of the cell where organelles and cellular inclusions are found.
    Cytoplasmic Exclusions
    a. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – is a network of intercommunicating channels in the cytoplasm.
    The two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum are the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth
    endoplasmic reticulum.
    b. Golgi Apparatus – it is responsible for the processing for the processing, packaging, and sorting
    of secretory materials for use within and outside the cell.
    c. Mitochondrion (Plural, Mitochondria – the powerhouse of the cell. It contains enzymes that help
    in the chemical oxidation of food molecules and produces energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine
    Triphosphate).
    RKTM 2019
    d. Lysosomes – it contains around 40 kinds of enzymes that help digest food and disease-causing
    bacteria engulfed by white blood cells.
    e. Secretory Granules – to secrete substances such as enzymes, proteins, and signaling molecules
    out of the cell.
    f. Lipid droplets – store fatty acids and sterols.
    Cytoplasmic Inclusions
    a. Ribosomes – sites where the proteins are made.
    b. Centriole – participates in the formation of mitotic spindle.
    c. Microtubules – cytoskeleton of a cell.
    d. Microfilaments support the cell to maintain its structure and shape.
    e. Glycogen granules – play an important role in the Glucose cycle.
    f. Pigments – are substances that do not require staining by dyes because they already possess their own
    color.

    3. Nucleus – it is the site where nucleic acids are synthesized. Serves as a site for the storage of heredity
    factors.
    a. Nuclear Membrane – outer limit of the nucleus separating it from the cytoplasm.
    b. Nucleolus – responsible for ribosome formation.
    c. Nuclear Pores – allowing molecules which contain the correct localization signals to pass in and
    out.
    d. Chromatin – made up of DNA and proteins, and forms.

    ANIMAL CELL

    RKTM 2019
    PLANT CELL

    RKTM 2019
    RKTM 2019

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