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The complete Animal Structure Practicum report with the title

“Occupational safety” was made by:
Name : Nurul Hikmah Utami
ID : 220107511006
Class : ICP Biology Education
Group : 4
having been examined and consulted by the Assistant and Assistant Coordinator,
this report has been accepted.

Makassar, March 2023

Assistant Coordinator Assistant

Suhardi Aldi, S.Pd., M.Pd Nurul Fitriani

ID. 200108502005

Known by,
Responsible Lecture

Dr. Drs. Adnan, M.S.

ID. 196502011988031003
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Occupational safety in laboratories is very important because of possible
occupational accidents and health risks in the workplace. Laboratories are
places where various chemicals, radioactive substances and biological
materials can be used in research, testing and production processes. Laboratory
operations may involve the handling of hazardous substances which, if
mishandled, may cause accidents or injuries.
In addition, laboratory workers are at risk of becoming ill or poisoned,
especially when they are exposed to hazardous chemicals or biological
materials. Therefore, it is important that laboratory workers follow strict
occupational safety guidelines and recognize potential hazards in their work
environment.
Occupational safety in laboratories has been improved for many years and
has involved various parties such as laboratory managers, laboratory workers
and the state. Some of the investments include the acquisition of safe
equipment and facilities, occupational safety training for laboratory personnel,
and the implementation of strict occupational safety regulations and standards.
In general, laboratories have strict rules and procedures related to
occupational safety. Its purpose is to minimize risks and dangers that may
occur in the laboratory. Everyone working in the laboratory must strictly
follow these rules and procedures and ensure that all tools and materials used
are properly controlled and stored.
In summary, it can be stated that occupational safety in laboratories is very
important to consider. Everyone who works in the laboratory must understand
the potential risks and hazards and always follow strict occupational safety
rules and procedures. In addition, each laboratory must have appropriate safety
equipment and clear and detailed safety documents. This helps to minimize the
risks and dangers that can occur in the laboratory and to ensure that the health
and safety of workers are well protected.
 As a result, there must be an effort to raise awareness of the significance
of occupational safety in the laboratory. This can be accomplished by
providing adequate training and education for individuals involved in
laboratory activities, as well as by using appropriate technology and equipment
to reduce the risk of accidents and environmental hazards. Furthermore, clear
work safety standards must be established, as well as regular inspections and
supervision to ensure compliance with the established work safety standards.

B. Practicum Objective
This practicum aims to:
1. To introduce students to the principles of occupational safety and health in
the laboratory.
2. To explain to students about the risks and hazards that may occur in the
laboratory and how to avoid or reduce these risks.
3. To raise students' awareness of the importance of occupational safety and
health in the laboratory and provide the basic knowledge needed to avoid
accidents or injuries.

C. Practicum benefits
Here are the benefits of practicum:
1. This increased awareness and understanding of the importance of
occupational safety and health in the laboratory.
2. Prepare students to perform work in the laboratory in a correct and safe
manner and reduce the risk of accidents or injuries in the laboratory.
3. Improve the quality and validity of experimental results due to the use of
correct and safe methods and procedures.
 CHAPTER II
LITERATURE RIVIEW

A workplace hazard is one that one encounters there. It can include a variety
of risks, such as those that are chemical, biological, psychosocial, and physical.
Many employees are not aware of the dangers that could exist at work, which
leaves them more open to laboratory dangers (Mahmoud, 2019).
The setting for doing experiments and research is a laboratory. In a strict
sense, a laboratory is frequently described as a space that takes the shape of a
structure and is enclosed by walls and a roof and contains a variety of useful
instruments and materials. It is possible to carry out tests or investigations in the
laboratory for some scientific disciplines, such as physics, biology, and so forth.
The area in question may be an enclosed structure with walls and roofing, or it
may be outside in a place like a botanical garden (Susanti, 2021).
A university must have laboratories to function, and they are a crucial
component. To promote interest in the area being studied, practical classes assist
students in testing the theories learnt in greater detail. The majority of educational
laboratories lack a maximal safety program. So, safety is not as big of an issue in
educational research institutions as it ought to be (Cahyaningrum, 2019).
A rule or instruction must be followed during the execution of a laboratory
activity for the activity to function properly and the learning objective to be met.
It is necessary to organize operational rules or provisions clearly. This is due to
the fact that the laboratory is a system made up of facilities and infrastructure to
support operations involving both laboratory equipment and human resources. As
a result, the laboratory must be governed by the rules that are applicable to each
institution (Laila, 2021).
College laboratories serve as practical learning environments for students to
hone their academic knowledge and skills. When teaching and learning take place
in laboratories, practitioners may be put in danger. If working is not done in
accordance with protocols and obeying Occupational Safety and Health (K3)
Laboratory, there is a danger of work accidents or even possible hazards while
conducting experiments in the lab (Abidin, 2019).
 Work safety in the laboratory is an effort to prevent and mitigate accidents
caused by laboratory designs, systems, processes, and activities. Work accidents
are clearly undesirable and unexpected events that can result in time, property,
equipment, and casualties during a work process (Cahyaningrum, 2019).
A laboratory room that meets standards is one of the factors that can help to
prevent workplace accidents. These requirements include the room's condition,
arrangement, the completeness of safety equipment, important phone numbers
(fire department, medical officer, and so on). The laboratory room has adequate
ventilation. The air in and out process is consistent. Fresh air is circulated
throughout the room. Both must be carefully considered. The healthier the
laboratory, the better the air circulation. Air circulation, like in a house, is
essential and cannot be overlooked (Rahmantiyoko,2019).
Managing and maintaining the laboratory is intended to include all types of
efforts and activities that ensure the laboratory always functions properly. Both
managers and users share responsibility for laboratory management. As a result,
everyone involved must be aware and feel compelled to organize, maintain, and
strive for workplace safety (Susanti, 2021).
They need training to recognize when the risks, hazards, and level of
responsibility must all grow. Personal habits, such as not mouth pipetting,
washing hands before leaving the lab or after handling contaminated material,
play a significant role in reducing occupational hazards. These include refraining
from eating, drinking, smoking, chewing gum, applying cosmetics, removing
contact lenses, and not storing food or beverages in the lab or chemical
refrigerator. Moreover, avoid wearing open-toed footwear, shorts unless a lab coat
is used, pull back your hair when handling dangerous materials, take off your
protective gear in public, and wear the appropriate personal protective equipment
for the task (Mahmoud, 2019).
The goal of Laboratory Occupational Safety and Security is to ensure that
officers, the public, and the laboratory user environment are always in a state of
health, comfort, safety, productivity, and prosperity while working. All parties
must be willing, capable, and cooperative to achieve these objectives. Through the
preparation of SOPs and socialization to all laboratory users, the government, in
this case the Department as an institution responsible for the community,
facilitates the formation of various regulations, technical instructions, and
guidelines for K3 in the laboratory (Rahmantiyoko,2019).
 CHAPTER III
PRACTICUM METHOD

A. Tools
1. Lab coat
2. Protective shoes
3. Gloves
4. Trousers/skirt
5. Safety glasses
6. Mask
7. Socks

B. Work procedures
1. Completing the laboratory safety from before starting your instructions will
direct you to complete the laboratory form.
2. Prevent accidents bt wearing laboratory lab coats and using gloves.
3. Follow work procedures. After finishing, clean the laboratory.
4. Know how to handle an emergency and take responsibility.
5. Know the safety symbol.
 CHAPTER IV
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Result
Tabel 4.1. 10 hazardous symbols in the laboratory
No Symbol name Symbol Description
A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to cause mild or moderate
1 Irritant
irritation to the skin, eyes,
or respiratory system.

A symbol that indicates

the potential of a substance
2 Toxic to cause harm or even death
if ingested, inhaled, or
absorbed through the skin.
A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to cause severe damage to
3 Corrosive be living tissues, including
skin, eyes, and respiratory
system, as well as to metals
and other materials.
A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to catch fire easily and burn
4 Flammable
rapidly, leading to potential
danger and property
damage.
 A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to release oxygen and
5 Oxidizing accelerate a fire or
explosion.

A symbol that indicates

the potential of a substance
to cause an explosion or
6 Explosive
release of energy in a
violent and destructive way.

A symbol that indicates

the potential of a substance
to emit ionizing radiation,
7 Radioactive which can cause damage to
living cells and increase the
risk of cancer and genetic
mutations.
A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
Extramely to ignite easily and burn
8
flammable rapidly at low temperatures,
leading to potential danger
and property damage.
A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to cause harm, danger, or
9 Hazard
damage to human health,
property, or the
environment.
 A symbol that indicates
the potential of a substance
to contain infectious agents
10 Biohazard or other biological materials
that can cause harm or
disease to humans or other
living organisms.

Tabel 4.2. 10 symbols of safety

No Symbol name Symbol Description
This is a warning symbol to
avoid switching off the machine.

Don’t trun This symbol is usually attached

1
machine near machines or tools that are in
operation.

This symbol indicates that food

or drink should not be brought
Don’t bring into certain areas of the
2
food or water laboratory. This is usually seen in
areas that require high hygiene
and sterilisation.
a warning symbol to prohibit
bringing metallic materials into a
Prohibited
specific area. This symbol is
3 from carrying
usually placed near equipment
metal material
that is sensitive to magnetic or
electromagnetic fields.
 This symbol denotes that shoes
are not permitted in certain areas.
It is typically used in areas that
Shoes are
4 require extreme cleanliness and
prohibited
sterility, such as food processing
rooms or laboratory cleaning
areas.
This symbol indicates that
standing in a certain area is not
Don’t stand allowed. This symbol is usually
5
here placed near equipment or
machinery that is dangerous and
requires a safe distance for safety.
This symbol indicates that
pushing or moving certain objects
is not allowed. This symbol is
6 Don’t push it usually placed near equipment
that is prone to vibration or
shifting.

This symbol indicates that you

should not step on or step over

Don’t step on certain objects. This symbol is

7
it usually placed near fragile or
breakable objects.
 This symbol indicates that
eating or drinking is prohibited in
Eating or
certain areas. It is usually placed
8 drinking is
in areas that are dangerous or
prohibited
contain hazardous chemicals.

This symbol indicates that it is

not allowed to take or utilise
certain areas for specific
9 Don’t occupy purposes. This symbol is usually
placed near areas that must
remain empty for safety or testing
reasons.
This symbol indicates that it is
not allowed to place or place
Don’t place certain objects in front of this
10 items in front warning sign. This symbol is
of this sign usually placed near areas that
must remain clear for safety or
accessibility reasons.

B. Discussion
Practicum with the experimental title "Occupational Safety" which aims to
introduce the principles of occupational safety and health in the laboratory to
students, explain to students about the risks and hazards that may occur in the
laboratory and how to avoid or reduce these risks, as well as increase students'
awareness of the importance of occupational safety and health in the laboratory
and provide the basic knowledge needed to avoid accidents or injuries.
In this practicum, the principles of occupational safety and health in the
laboratory are taught, including the importance of using appropriate safety
equipment, such as protective eyewear, gloves, lab coats, and safety shoes. It
will also teach about the risks and hazards that may occur in the laboratory,
such as exposure to hazardous chemicals, explosions, and fires, and how to
avoid or reduce these risks.
In addition, the students were given basic knowledge about the safe use of
laboratory tools and materials, as well as how to handle accidents or incidents
in the laboratory. This is important because mistakes in using tools or materials
in the laboratory can cause serious accidents or injuries.
This practicum will also help increase students' awareness of the
importance of occupational safety and health in the laboratory. By
understanding the risks and hazards that may occur in the laboratory as well as
how to avoid or reduce these risks, students will be more careful in conducting
lab work in the laboratory. This practicum will also help students understand
the importance of using appropriate safety equipment and complying with
occupational safety and health rules in the laboratory.
In this practicum, students will also be taught about personal responsibility
in maintaining occupational safety and health in the laboratory. This will help
students understand that everyone is responsible for maintaining occupational
safety and health in their own work environment, including in the laboratory.
 CHAPTER V
CLOSING

A. Conclusion
Overall, the "Occupational Safety" practicum is very important to provide
basic knowledge and increase students' awareness of the importance of
occupational safety and health in the laboratory. In this practicum, students are
taught about the principles of occupational safety and health in the laboratory,
the risks and hazards that may occur in the laboratory, and how to avoid or
reduce these risks. By understanding this, students can be more prepared and
careful in doing lab work in the laboratory, to avoid risks and hazards that may
occur.

B. Suggestion
1. Practitioners should pay attention to each practical step well and understand
the function of each microscope component. Do not hesitate to ask the lab
assistant if there are things that are unclear or there are difficulties in using
the microscope.
2. The lab assistant also needs to ensure that the practitioner understands the
instructions and can use the microscope correctly.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abidin, A.U., & Ramadhan, I. (2019). Penerapan Job Safety Analysis,

Pengetahuan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja terhadap Kejadian
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Kesehatan, 5(2), 76-80.

Cahyaningruma, D., Sarib, H. T. M., & Iswandaric, D. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang

Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja di Laboratorium
Pendidikan. Jurnal Pengelolaan Laboratorium Pendidikan, 1(2), 41-47. e-
ISSN: 2654-251X.

Laila, N.N., SKM., MKKK. 2021. Manajemen Laboratorium Dalam Aspek

Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Laboratorium Pendidikan. PT.
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Mahmoud, A. A. E., & Sabry, S. S. (2019). Safety Training Program for Clinical
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American Journal of Nursing Research, 7(2), 116-127.

Rahmantiyoko, A., Sunarmi, S., Rahmah, F. K., Sopet, & Slamet. (2019).
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Proceedings Series No. (4), ISSN: 2354-6026.

Susanti, R., Herlina, L., & Sasi, F. A. (2021). Teknik pengolahan laboratorium.
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