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    Viscometer Lab Manual

    Uploaded by

    lion7n
    This document provides instructions for using a Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of fluids. A Brookfield viscometer works by measuring the torque required to rotate a spindle submerged in a fluid sample at different angular velocities. The torque measurements are used to calculate the dynamic and kinematic viscosities. Key parts of the viscometer include the spindle, temperature probe, and digital display screen. The procedure involves leveling the apparatus, selecting spindle and speed settings, submerging the spindle in the sample, and taking multiple viscosity readings across a range of rotation speeds. Calculations are provided to determine kinematic viscosity from the dynamic viscosity and fluid density measurements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Viscometer Lab Manual

    Uploaded by

    lion7n
    16 views4 pages
    This document provides instructions for using a Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of fluids. A Brookfield viscometer works by measuring the torque required to rotate a spindle submerged in a fluid sample at different angular velocities. The torque measurements are used to calculate the dynamic and kinematic viscosities. Key parts of the viscometer include the spindle, temperature probe, and digital display screen. The procedure involves leveling the apparatus, selecting spindle and speed settings, submerging the spindle in the sample, and taking multiple viscosity readings across a range of rotation speeds. Calculations are provided to determine kinematic viscosity from the dynamic viscosity and fluid density measurements.

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    This document provides instructions for using a Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of fluids. A Brookfield viscometer works by measuring the torque required to rotate a spindle submerged in a fluid sample at different angular velocities. The torque measurements are used to calculate the dynamic and kinematic viscosities. Key parts of the viscometer include the spindle, temperature probe, and digital display screen. The procedure involves leveling the apparatus, selecting spindle and speed settings, submerging the spindle in the sample, and taking multiple viscosity readings across a range of rotation speeds. Calculations are provided to determine kinematic viscosity from the dynamic viscosity and fluid density measurements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views4 pages

    Viscometer Lab Manual

    Uploaded by

    lion7n
    This document provides instructions for using a Brookfield viscometer to measure the viscosity of fluids. A Brookfield viscometer works by measuring the torque required to rotate a spindle submerged in a fluid sample at different angular velocities. The torque measurements are used to calculate the dynamic and kinematic viscosities. Key parts of the viscometer include the spindle, temperature probe, and digital display screen. The procedure involves leveling the apparatus, selecting spindle and speed settings, submerging the spindle in the sample, and taking multiple viscosity readings across a range of rotation speeds. Calculations are provided to determine kinematic viscosity from the dynamic viscosity and fluid density measurements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    BROOKFIELD VISCOMETER MANUAL

    Introduction:
    Viscosity is an important fluid property; it is a measure of fluid’s resistance to flow. The greater
    this resistance, the higher the force required to make the fluid flow (Shear force). Using
    Newton's law of viscosity, we can express viscosity as:
    μ
    τ= γ

    here γ is the rate of shear strain.

    Figure 1: Flow between two flat plates


    The term τ can be defined as F/A where F is force required to keep the upper plate moving at
    constant velocity ν in the x-direction and A is area of the plate in contact with the fluid as
    shown in the figure. By fluid viscosity, the force is transmitted through the fluid to the lower
    plate such that the x-component of the fluid velocity linearly depends on the distance from the
    lower plate. For Newtonian fluids, shear stress is proportional to the shear rate.
    Viscosity can be expressed in two ways:
    • Dynamic viscosity (μ):
    • Kinematic viscosity (ν): ratio of dynamic viscosity to the density of the fluid.

    Units of viscosity:
    Types of viscometers
    i. Capillary tube type
    ii. Falling body type
    iii. Orifice type
    iv. Rotational type
    Apparatus:
    Brookfield Viscometer (Rotational type)
    Brookfield viscometer measures the dynamic viscosity by measuring the force or torque
    required to rotate a spindle in a viscous fluid at definite angular velocity. The spindle is
    driven through a calibrated spring and the viscous drag is measured by spring deflection. The
    spring deflection is converted by rotatory transducer to give the digital readings directly to
    the user.

    Fig. 2 – Parts of Brookfield Viscometer


    Fig.3 – Spindle Arrangement

    List of Equipment:
    i. Viscometer which includes:
    Bubble level
    Shipping cap
    Guard leg
    Levelling screw
    Touch pen to operate digital screen
    ii. Spindle set
    iii. Temperature probe
    iv. Screw and hook to attach spindle
    v. Constant temperature water bath
    vi. Inlet/outlet pipes

    Experimental procedure:
    i. Turn the power on to start the viscometer.
    ii. Check the levelling of apparatus from the bubble level.
    iii. Wait for auto zero.
    iv. The viscometer displays configure viscosity test screen, select the spindle sand speed.
    v. Measure 5.7ml of sample and put in sample cup and place in holder.
    vi. Attach screw and hook and then attach spindle to suspend in the sample.
    vii. Wait for the temperature to reach the temperature of water bath. Attach the
    temperature probe to indicate the temperature of sample on the screen.
    viii. Once the temperature is reached, run viscosity test at the set spindle speed.
    ix. When the screen displays result displays results table, note the value of viscosity and
    torque.
    x. Increase RPM gradually, take minimum 7readings following the same procedure
    above.
    xi. The value of viscosity obtained is in centi poise, divide by density to get kinematic
    viscosity of the sample.
    Precautions:
    i. The apparatus should be properly levelled.
    ii. The spindle should be cleaned with care to avoid scratches which may alter the values
    of viscosity.
    iii. The inner surface of the sample holder should be clean and scratch free.

    Calculations:
    For kinematic viscosity:
    𝑚 =ρ∗𝑉

    sample mass(measured)
    ρ=
    volume of sample(5.7ml)

    μ
    Ʋ=
    𝞺

    Conclusions:

    Kinematic viscosity of sample:

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