Physics

Entrance Examination
May 2021
PHYSICS
Time allowed: 1.5 hours (90 minutes)
This examination paper consists of two sections, A and B. Section B is composed of seven
independent questions. Try to attempt ALL the questions from Section A and AT LEAST SIX
questions from Section B. (If you answer all the seven questions in Section B, the best six will
contribute to your overall mark.)
Remember to show how you work out your solutions.
Please clearly indicate each question number ahead of your working out and answers, and
highlight your final numerical answers (including units) by, for example, underlining or framing
them.
Marks will be awarded for correct approaches, thoughts, ideas, or methods, even if the final
answer is incorrect or missing. No negative marks will be awarded for inaccurate or faulty
arguments or incorrect answers.
The following lists of fundamental constants and formulae should be more than sufficient to
answer all questions. However, standard booklets of fundamental constants and/or formulae,
provided by your school, may be used in addition.
Any calculators are allowed to be used.
Fundamental Constants
−19
Electron charge e=1.60 ×1 0 C
−31
Electron mass m e =9.11 ×1 0 kg
Gravitational constant G=6.67× 10−11 m3 k g−1 s−2
−34 2 −1
Plank’s constant h=6.63 ×1 0 m kg s
8 −1
Speed of light c=3.00 × 10 m s
−1 −1
Gas constant R=8.31 J K mo l
Further Useful Constants

−2
Gravitational acceleration g=9.8 m s
Mass of an alpha particle mα =6.64 × 10−27 kg
−23 −1
Boltzmann constant k B=1.38 ×10 J K
11
Astronomical unit 1 AU =1.5× 10 m
Page 1|5
−10
Ångström 1 Å=10 m
−19
Electronvolt 1 eV =1.6 × 10 J
Avogadro number N A =6.22× 1023 mol−1
Temperature conversion T K −T ℃=273.15
Useful Formulas
PV =N k B T PV =nRT
N m
n= M = ΔU =cm Δ T
NA n
dx dv 2π
v≡ a≡ ω=
dt dt T
2
1 2 v
s=s 0+ ut+ at v=u+ at a n=
2 r
1 2
y=u y t− g t x=u x t
2
1 2 p2 −GMm
Ekin = m v = E pot = E pot =mgh
2 2m r
qQ GMm
F e =k 2
F g= 2
r r
−t
h τ
E=hf c=λf λ0 =2 L λ B= N =N 0 2
p
2 GM m 2
F=PA E=mc g= ρ= A=π r
r 2
V
V =IR q=CV E J =Vq q=¿ q=Ne
V2 c vacuum
P=IV =I R= ∑ I ❑i=0 ∑ V ❑i=0 c=
2
R n
1 1 1 i
= + M = n1 sin α 1=n2 sin α 2
f o i o
Page 2|5
SECTION A
Experimental Data Analysis of the Expansion of a Spring to Measure Gravitational
Acceleration
The force needed to expand a certain helical spring by up to about 0.2 m is proportional to the
expansion of the spring. The constant ratio, spring constant k , between the exerted force and the
(
resulting expansion is measured to be: k ≡
F
ΔL)=35 N m
−1
The spring, hanging from a stand, can be loaded by different masses, m. The resulting expansion
of the spring due to six different masses is summarized in the following table:
1 2 3 4 5 6
m (g) 50 60 75 100 120 150
L (mm) 234 238 240 246 254 262
The uncertainty of measuring the length of the spring is: e L =± 1 mm

The length of the unloaded (m=0 ) spring is measured to be: L0=220 mm
a)
Calculate the expansion, Δ L ≡ L−L0, of the spring for each of the six masses. [2]
b)
Plot the expansion, Δ L, against mass, m, indicating also, by error bars, the uncertainty of the
measured lengths. [4]
c)
Assuming that the plot verifies that the expansion of the spring, Δ L , is proportional to the force
exerted on the spring (which, in this experiment, is the weight F=mg ), draw a line of minimum
gradient and a line of maximum gradient. [2]
d)
Work out values for the minimum and maximum gradients, and determine the mean gradient and
its absolute and percentage uncertainties. [6]
e)
Using the formula mg=k Δ L, derive a value for the gravitational acceleration, g, from the
gradient read from the graph. [2]
f)
Estimate an absolute uncertainty on the derived value for g. [2]
g)
Comment the result on whether the derived value for g is realistic. [2]
Page 3|5
SECTION B
1
What wavelength range, Δ λ≡ λ max−λ min is covered by sound waves between the frequencies of
musical notes F 3 and F 4 ?
(The frequencies of the two notes are f 3=174.61 Hz and f 4=349.23 Hz .
Sound waves travel in air at a speed of v=340 m s−1.)
[5]
2
−1
A car is travelling at v1 =90 km h on a flat (horizontal) road when its driver slows down to
−1
v 2=30 kmh . Assuming that the total mass of the car is m=2000 kg , how much kinetic energy
does the car lose during the braking? What is happening possibly to the lost energy?
[5]
3
If the volume of hydrogen gas, originally at a temperature of 10 ℃, in a sealed container is
increased by 15 % and the volume of the gas is decreased by 15 %, what will be the final gas
temperature?
[5]
4
A radioactive material of mass m1=21 g has a half-life of T =9 days . In how many days will the
mass of the material be reduced to m2=12 g ?
[5]
Page 4|5
5
Four lamps, A, B, C, and D, each of resistance R=3 Ω, are connected in the circuit shown below.
The battery has an emf of 9 V. Calculate the net power, P ≡ P A + P B + PC + PD , of the four lamps.
The internal resistance of the battery can be ignored.
[5]
6
A cannon ball is shot from ground level with an initial speed of v=80 m s−1 and at an initial angle
of α =45° , measured to the horizontal direction. What will be the distance between the cannon
and the cannon ball at t=7 s ?
[5]
7
We want to create an hi =36 mm tall real image of an h o=12 mm tall object at d=0.6 m distance
from the object by using an optical lense. A thin lense of what optical focus, f , should we use
and how far from the object should it be placed?
[5]
Page 5|5

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Entrance Examination

Remember to show how you work out your solutions.

Any calculators are allowed to be used.

Further Useful Constants

V =IR q=CV E J =Vq q=¿ q=Ne

The uncertainty of measuring the length of the spring is: e L =± 1 mm

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