ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Solved Example
Ex.1 The mass charge ratio for A+ ion is 1.97 × 10–7 kg C–1. Calculate the mass of A atom.

m
Sol. Given = 1.97 × 10–7
e

(since e = 1.602 × 10–19 C)  m = 1.97 × 10–7 × 1.602 × 10–19 kg

m = 3.16 × 10–26 kg
Ex.2 Write down the numerical value of h and its unit
Sol. h = 6.625 × 10–27 erg sec = 6.625 × 10–34 joule sec

 h  E 
 
The unit of h = joule sec. or erg sec. h  E  erg 
  sec 1 

Ex.3 AIR service on Vividh Bharati is transmitted on 219 m band. What is its transmission frequency in Hertz ?

c
Sol. Given  = 219 m Thus,  =


3.0  108
or = = 1.37 × 106 Hz
219

Ex.4 The ionization energy of He+ is 19.6 × 10–18 J atom–1. The energy of the first stationary state of Li+2 will be :
[1] 84.2 × 10–18 J/atom [2] 44.10 × 10–18 J/atom [3] 63.2 × 10–18 J/atom [4] 21.2 × 10–18 J/atom
Ans. [2]
Sol. E1 for Li+2 = E1 for H × Z2 = E1 for H × 9
E1 for He+ = E1 for H × Z2He = E1 for H × 4

9 9
or E1 for Li+2 = E1 for He+ = 19.6 × 10–18 × = 44.10 × 10–18 J/atom
4 4

Ex.5 Atomic radius is of the order of 10–8 cm and nuclear radius is of the order of 10–13 cm. Calculate what fraction of
atom is occupied by nucleus ?

4 3 4
Sol. Volume of nucleus = r =  (10–13)3 cm3
3 3

4
Volume of atom =  (10–8)3 cm3
3

VN 10 –39
VAtom = = 10–15
10 –24

VNucleus = 10–15 × VAtom

Ex.6 Which of the following set of quantum numbers are not permitted
(a) n = 3, l = 2, m = – 2, s = +1/2 (b) n = 3, l = 2, m = – 1, s = 0
(c) n = 2, l = 2, m = +1, s = – 1/2 (d) n = 2, l = 2, m = +1, s = – 1/2

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Sol. (a) This set of quantum number is permitted.

(b) This set of quantum number is not permitted as value of ‘s’ cannot be zero.
(c) This set of quantum number is not permitted as the value of ‘l’ cannot be equal to ‘n’.
(d) This set of quantum number is not permitted as the value of ‘m’ cannot be greater than ‘l’.

 Ze2 
Ex.7 Prove that un =   where u is velocity of electron in a one electron atom of at. no. Z at a distance rn from
 mrn 

the nucleus, m and e are mass and charge of electron.

1
Sol. Kinetic energy of electron = mu2
2

2 2
1 Ze 1 1 Ze
Also from Bohr’s concept K.E. =  mu =
2
2 rn 2 2 rn

 Ze2 
  
 mrn 

Ex.8 Calculate the number of proton emitted in 10 hours by a 60 W sodium lamp ( or photon = 5893 Å)
Sol. Energy emitted by sodium lamp in one sec.
= Watt × sec = 60 × 1 J

hc
Energy of photon emitted =


6.626  10 –34  3  108

= = 3.37 × 10–19 J
5893  10 –10

60
 No of photons emitted per sec. =
3.37  10 –19

 No. of photons emitted in 10 hours = 17.8 × 1019 × 10 × 60 × 60 = 6.41 × 1024

Ex.9 Find out the energy of H atom in first excitation state.The value of permittivity factor
40 = 1.11264 × 10–10 C2 N–1 m–2.
Sol. In M.K.S. system

22 Z 2me 2 2  (3.14)2  (1)2  9.108  10 –31  (1.602  10 –19 )4

En = – = = 5.443 × 10–19 joule
(4 0 )2 n2 h2 (1.11264  10 –10 )2  (2)2  (6.625  10 –34 )2

Ex.10 The shortest wave length in H spectrum of Lymen series when RH = 109678 cm–1 is
[1] 1002.7 Å [2] 1215.67 Å [3] 1127.30 Å [4] 911.7 Å
Ans. [4]

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Sol. For Lymen series n1 = 1

For shortest ‘l’ or Lymen series the energy difference in two levels showing transition should be maximum

1 1 1
(i.e. n2 = ) = RH  2 – 2 
 1  

= 109678 = 911.7 × 10–8 = 911.7 Å

Ex.11 Electromagnetic radiations of wavelength 242 nm is just sufficient to ionise sodium atom. Calculate the ionisation
energy of sodium in kJ mol–1.

6.625  10 34  3.0  108

Sol. Energy associated with a photon of 242 nm = = 8.21 × 10–19 joule
242  109

 1 atom of Na for ionisation requires = 8.21 × 10–19 J

 6.023 × 1023 atoms of Na for ionisation requires
= 8.21 × 10–19 × 6.023 × 1023
= 49.45 × 104 J = 494.5 kJ mol–1
Ex.12 How many electrons in a given atom can have the following quantum numbers
(a) n = 4, l = 2, m = 0 (b) n = 3
(c) n = 2, l = 1, m = – 1, s = + 1/2 (d) n = 4, l = 1
Sol. (a) l = 2 means d-subshell and m = 0 refer to dz2 orbital
 Number of electrons are 2.
(b) For n = 3, l = 0, 1, 2
l=0 m=0 2 electrons
l= 1 m = –1 6 electrons
l=2 m = –2, –1, 0, +1, +2 10 electrons
Total electrons 18 electrons
Alternatively, number of electrons for any energy level is given by
2n2 i.e. 2 × 32 = 18 electrons
(c) l = 1 refers to p-subshell, m = – 1 refers to px or py orbital whereas, s = + 1/2 indicate for only 1 electron.
(d) l = 1 refers to p-subshell which has three orbitals (px, py and pz) each having two electrons. Therefore , total
number of electrons are 6.
Ex.13 Calculate the longest wavelength which can remove the electron from I Bohr’s orbit. Given E1 = 13.6 eV.
Sol. The photon capable of removing electron from I Bohr’s orbit must possess energy
= 13.6 eV
= 13.6 × 1.602 × 10–19 J = 21.787 × 10–19 J

hc 6.625  10 34  3.0  108

 E= ; 21.787 × 10–19 =
 

  = 912.24 × 10–10 m = 912.24 Å

Ex.14 Naturally occurring boron consists of two isotopes whose atomic weights are 10.01 and 11.01. The atomic
weight of natural boron is 10.81. Calculate the percentage of each isotope in natural boron

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Sol. Let the percentage of isotope with atomic wt. 10.01 = x

 Percentage of isotope with atomic wt. 11.01 = 100 – x

m1x1  m2 X2
Average atomic wt. = x1  x 2

x  10.01  (100 – x)  11.01

or Average atomic wt. =
100

x  10.01  (100 – x)  11.01

10.81 = = 20
100

 % of isotope with atomic wt. 10.01 = 20

% of isotope with atomic wt. 11.01 = 100 – x = 80
Ex.15 What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength as the Balmer transition n = 4 to
n = 2 of He+ spectrum ?

1 1 1
Sol. For He+, = RH Z 2  2 – 2 
 2 4 

1 1 1
For H, = RH  2 – 2 
  n1 n2 
Since  is same

1 1 1 1
 Z2  2 – 2  =  2 – 2 
2 4   n1 n2 

 Z=2

1 1 1 1
 12 – 22  =  n2 – n2 
   1 2 

 n1 = 1 and n2 = 2

Ex.16 The ionization energy of H-atom is 13.6 eV. The ionization energy of Li+2 ion will be
[1] 54.4 eV [2] 122.4 eV [3] 13.6 eV [4] 27.2 eV Ans. [2]
Sol. E1 for Li +2 2
= E1 for H × Z [for Li, Z = 3]
= 13.6 × 9
= 122.4 eV
Ex.17 Calculate momentum of radiations of wavelength 0.33 nm.

h h
Sol. We have =  mu =
mu 

6.625  10 –34
= = 2.01 × 10–24 kgmsec–1
0.33  10 9

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Ex.18 On the basis of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, show that the electron cannot exist within the nucleus.

Sol. Radius of the nucleus is of the order of 10–13 cm and thus uncertainty in position of electron, i.e., (x), if it is
within the nucleus will be 10–13 cm.

h
Now x.u  4 m

6.626  10 –27
 u =
4  3.14  9.108  10 –28  10 –13

= 5.79 × 1012 cm/sec

i.e., order of velocity of electron will be 100 times greater than the velocity of light which is impossible. Thus,
possibility of electron to exist is nucleus is zero.

Ex.19 Oxygen consists of isotopes of O16, O17 and O18 and carbon consists of isotopes of C12 and C13. How many types
of CO2 molecule can be formed ? Also report their mol, wt.

Sol. Total no. of molecules of CO2 = 12

[1] C12O16O16 Mol. wt. = 44

[2] C12O17O17 = 46

[3] C12O18O18 = 48

[4] C12O16O17 = 45

[5] C12O16O18 = 46

[6] C12O17O18 = 47

Similarly six molecules with C13 isotopes.

Ex.20 The atomic masses of two isotopes of O are 15.9936 and 17.0036. Calculate in each atom

[1] No. of neutrons [2] No. of protons [3] No. of electrons [4] Mass no.

Ans. [1]

Sol. I isotope of O II isotope of O

Atomic masses are 15.9936 17.0036

 Mass no. are 16 17 (Integer values)

 No of neutrons = 16 – 8 = 8 17 – 8 = 9

and no. of electrons =8 =8

Mass no. – At no. = No. of neutrons

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Exercise # 1
Q.1 An atom of an element contains the number of electrons equal to :
[1] Atomic mass [2] Atomic number [3] Equivalent weight [4] Electron affinity
Q.2 If a neutral atom changes to cation its :
[1] atomic size decreases [2] atomic number decreases
[3] atomic size increase [4] atomic number increases
Q.3 The K.E. of an electron in first Bohr’s orbit of H-atom is 13.6 eV. Total energy of first orbit is :

1 1
[1] – × 13.6 eV [2] – 13.6 eV [3] 2 × 13.6 eV [4] × 13.6 eV
2 2

Q.4 Which of the following radioactive isotope of carbon is used for the calculate of life period of a planet ?

12 13 14 16
[1] 6 C [2] 6 C [3] 6 C [4] 6 C

Q.5 The shape of p-orbital is :

[1] Elliptical [2] spherical [3] dumb-bell [4] None of these
Q.6 6
C11 and 5B11 are called :
[1] Nuclear isomers [2] Isobars [3] Isotopes [4] Fission products
Q.7 No two electrons of an atom can have same :
[1] principle quantum number [2] azimuthal quantum number
[3] set of four quantum numbers [4] magnetic quantum number
Q.8 Correct set of four quantum numbers for the valence (outermost) electron of rubidium (Z = 37) is :
[1] 5, 0, 0 + 1/2 [2] 5, 1, 0, + 1/2 [3] 5, 1, 1, + 1/2 [4] 6, 0, 0, + 1/2
Q.9 Which of the following formula represents the K.E. of an electron in nth Bohr’s orbit of H-atom ?

Rhc Rhc 2Rhc 2Rhc

[1] 2 [2] – 2 [3] – 2 [4]
n n n n2

Q.10 The number of electrons arranged in an orbital is :

[1] One [2] Two [3] Three [4] Four
Q.11 The frequency of a radiobulletin is 600 kilocycles. What is the wavelength of the signal ?
[1] 100 m [2] 250 m [3] 500 m [4] 600 m
Q.12 The energy of electron in excited H-atom is – 3.4 eV. What is the angular momentum of electron ?

h h 2h 3h
[1] [2] [3] [4]
 2  
Q.13 What is the frequency of the electron in an orbit of radius r, if its velocity is v ?

2r vr v
[1] [2] 2rv [3] [4]
v 2 2r

Q.14 How many spectral lines will be obtained by the various transitions when an electron comes from excited state
n = 5 to its original state ?
[1] 20 [2] 5 [3] 4 [4] 10

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Q.15 Principal, azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers are respectively related to :
[1] size, shape and orientation [2] shape, size and orientation
[3] size, orientation and shape [4] None of these
Q.16 Bohr’s model of the atom can explain :
[1] The spectrum of H-atom only
[2] The spectrum of hydrogen molecule
[3] The spectrum of atom or ion containing one electron only
[4] The solar spectrum
Q.17 The electromagnetic radiation with highest wavelength is :
[1] Ultraviolet [2] Radio waves [3] X-rays [4] Infra red
Q.18 The angular momentum of electron in Bohr’s orbit is J. What will be the K.E. of that Bohr’s orbit ?

1 Jv Jv J2 J2
[1] [2] [3] [4]
2 r r 2m 2

Q.19 The electronic configuration of H– is :

[1] 1s0 [2] 1s1 [3] 1s2 [4] 1s1 2s1
Q.20 The wavelength of first line of Balmer series of H-atom is – (R = Rydberg’s constant)

36 36R 5R 5
[1] [2] [3] [4]
5R 5 36 36R

Q.21 The excitation energy of an electron from second orbit to third orbit of an atom with + Ze nuclear charge is 47.2
eV. If the energy of H-atom in lowest energy state is – 13.6 eV. What will be the value of Z ?
[1] 4 [2] 5 [3] 6 [4] 7
Q.22 The statement ‘It is not possible to estimate accurately the position and momentum of an electron simulta-
neously is associated with :
[1] Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle [2] De-Broglie’s principle
[3] Pauli’s uncertainty principle [4] Aufbau principle
Q.23 K, L and M shells of an atom contain 2, 8 and 6 electrons respectively. Total number of s-electrons in this
element are :
[1] 6 [2] 5 [3] 7 [4] 10
Q.24 W hen -particle are passed through thin metal foil, most of the particles pass-through straight
because :
[1] -particles are lighter than electrons [2] -particles are positively charged
[3] Most of the part of atom is empty [4] -particles move with high speed
Q.25 The increasing order (lowest first) for the value of e/m (charge/mass) for :
[1] e, p, n,  [2] n, p, e,  [3] n, p, , e [4] n, , p, e
Q.26 The electron of H-atom transits from n = 1 to n = 4 by absorbing energy. If the energy of n = 1 state
is – 21.8 × 10–19 Joule then its energy in n = 4 state will be :
[1] – 21.8 × 10–19 Joule [2] – 5.45 × 10–19 Joule
[3] – 2.725 × 10–19 Joule [4] – 1.362 × 10–19 Joule

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Q.27 The wavelength of first line of Lymen series is 1216 Å. What is the wave length of last line ?
[1] 3648 Å [2] 608 Å [3] 912 Å [4] 2432 Å
Q.28 Energy of orbit :
[1] Increases as we move away from nucleus
[2] Decreases as we move away from nucleus
[3] Remains same as we move away from nucleus
[4] None of these
Q.29 Which electronic level would allow the hydrogen atom to absorb a photon but not to emit a photon ?
[1] 3s [2] 2p [3] 2s [4] 1s
Q.30 The electronic configuration of a diapositive metal M2+ is, 2, 8, 14 and its atomic weight is 56 amu. The number
of neutrons in its nuclei would be :
[1] 30 [2] 32 [3] 34 [4] 42
Q.31 The electrostatic force of attraction between the electron of first Bohr’s orbit of H-atom and it nucleus is :
[1] 10 × 10–3 dyne [2] 8 × 10–3 dyne [3] 8 × 10–4 dyne [4] 10 × 10–4 dyne
Q.32 de’ Broglie equation tells about :
[1] the relation between electron and nucleus [2] the relation between electron and proton
[3] the relation between electron and neutron [4] electrons’ dual nature of wave and particle
Q.33 When an electron jumps from L to K shell :
[1] energy is absorbed
[2] energy is released
[3] energy is sometimes released and sometimes absorbed
[4] energy is neither absorbed nor released
Q.34 Helium atom is two times heavier than a hydrogen molecule. At 298 K, the average kinetic energy of helium
atom is :
[1] two times that of hydrogen molecule [2] same as that of hydrogen molecule
[3] four times that of hydrogen molecule [4] half that of hydrogen molecule
Q.35 Which of the following sets of quantum numbers represents the highest energy of an atom:

1 1
[1] n  3, l  1, m  1, s   [2] n  3, l  2, m  1, s  
2 2

1 1
[3] n  4, l  0, m  0, s   [4] n  3, l  0, m  0, s  
2 2

Q.36 The potential energies of first, second and third Bohr’s orbits of He+ cation are E1, E2 and E3. The correct
sequence of these energies is :
[1] E1 > E2 > E3 [2] E1 = E2 > E3 [3] E1 = E2 = E3 [4] E3 > E2 > E1
Q.37 The circumference of first Bohr’s orbit of hydrogen atom is how many times the circumference of second Bohr’s
orbit of He+ ?
[1] two times [2] half [3] equal [4] none of these
Q.38 The sum of the number of neutrons and protons in the isotopes of hydrogen is :
[1] 6 [2] 5 [3] 4 [4] 3

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Q.39 According to Sommerfeld, the numbers of circular and elliptical suborbits in n th Bohr’s orbit are
respectively :
[1] 1 and (n – 1) [2] (n – 1) and 1 [3] 2 and (n – 1) [4] (n – 2) and 1
Q.40 According to Pauli’s exclusion principle :
[1] No two electrons can have the same energy in an orbital
[2] No two electrons can have the parallel spin in an orbital
[3] As far as possible the electrons fill in different orbitals
[4] Electron try to occupy the orbital of lower energy
Q.41 The mass of a cricket ball is 0.21 kg. If the order of uncertainty in position is 100 pm then uncertainty in its
velocity will be :
[1] 3.5 × 10–24 m/sec [2] 6.02 × 1023 m/sec [3] 6.602 × 10–27 m/sec [4] 2.5 × 10–24 m/sec
Q.42 The molecular weight of an oxide of nitrogen is 30. The number of electrons present in one molecule of this
compound is :
[1] 15 [2] 30 [3] 6.02 × 1023 × 15 [4] 6.02 × 1023 × 30
Q.43 Which of the following are isoelectronic with one another :
[1] Na+ and Ne [2] K+ and O [3] Ne and O [4] Na+ and K+
Q.44 Which of the following statements is false ?
[1] (n + ) rule arranges the orbitals in increasing order of energy
[2] Wavelength of a particle is inversely proportional to its momentum
[3] Aufbau’s principle was given a scientist named Aufbau
[4] Velocity of all types of electromagnetic radiation is same
Q.45 The electron with highest energy is :
[1] in nucleus [2] in ground state
[3] in first excited state [4] At infinite distance from the nucleus
Q.46 The number of radial nodes of 3s and 2p orbitals are respectively
[1] 2, 0 [2] 0, 2 [3] 1, 2 [4] 2, 11
Q.47 2+
If the radius of first orbit of H-atom is 5 pm, the radius of third orbit Li will be :
[1] 106 pm [2] 23 pm [3] 32 pm [4] 15 pm
Q.48 If the Rydberg constant is R then the energy of electron in ground state of H-atom will be :
ch Rc
[1] – [2] – Rch [3] – [4] – R/ch
R h
Q.49 In which of the following planes of s-orbitals, the probability of finding the electrons is not zero ?
(a) xy plane (b) yz plane (c) along the x axis (d) xyz plane
Correct answer is :
[1] (a) and (d) only [2] (b) and (c) only [3] (d) only [4] (a) and (c) only
Q.50 The spin only magnetic moment (in units of Bohr Magneton,  B ) of Ni 2+ in aqueous solution would be
[1] 2, 84 [2] 4, 90 [3] 0 [4] 1.73

Answer Key
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 2 1 2 3 3 2 3 1 1 2 3 1 4 4 1 3 2 1 3 1
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 2 1 1 3 4 4 3 1 4 1 2 4 2 2 2 4 2 1 1 2
Qus. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Ans. 4 1 1 3 4 1 4 2 3 1

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Exercise # 2
Q.1 Of the following sets which one does not contain isoelectronic species?

[1] Bo33 , Co32 , No3 [2] So32 , Co32 , No3

[3] CN  , N 2 , C 42 [4] So34 , So42 , Clo4

Q.2 When an electron of charge e and mass m moves with velocity v about the nuclear charge Ze in the circular orbit
of radius r, then the potential energy of the electron in given by :
[1] Ze2/r [2] –Ze2/r [3] Ze2/r2 [4] mv2/r
Q.3 The number of electrons shared by each atom of nitrogen in nitrogen molecule is :
[1] 2 [2] 6 [3] 3 [4] 4
Q.4 If uncertainty in position of electron is zero, then the uncertainty in its momentum would be :
[1] Zero [2] h/2 [3] 3h/2 [4] Infinity
Q.5 Which hydrogen like species will have same radius as that of Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom?

[1] n  2, Li 2 [2] n  2, Be 3 [3] n  2, H  [4] n  3, Li 2

Q.6 If the energy of an electron in hydrogen atom is given by expression, –1312/n2 kJ mol–1, then the energy required
to excite the electron from ground state to second orbit is :
[1] 328 kJ/mol [2] 656 kJ/mol [3] 984 kJ/mol [4] 1312 kJ/mol
Q.7 Krypton (36Kr) has the electronic configuration (18Ar) 4s2 3d10 4p6. The 37th electron will go into which of the
following sub levels :
[1] 4f [2] 4d [3] 3p [4] 5s
Q.8 Which of the following statements is false :
[1] The energy of red photon is more than the energy of violet photon
[2] The momentum of photon is inversely proportional to its wave length
[3] The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to its wave length
[4] The particle nature of electromagnetic radiations is able to explain the photoelectric effect
Q.9 Calculate the de-Broglie wave length of the electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom, given that its kinetic
energy is 13.6 eV : (1eV = 1.602 × 10–19 J)
[1] 3.328 × 10–10 m [2] 2.338 × 10–10 m [3] 3.328 × 1010 m [4] 2.338 × 10 m

Q.10 Which of the sets of quantum numbers is correct for an electron in 4 f orbital?

1 1
(a) n  4, l  3, m  4, s   (b) n  4, l  4, m  4, s  
2 2

1 1
(c) n  4, l  3, m  1, s   (d) n  3, l  2, m  2, s  
2 2

The correct answer is :

[1] a, b, c [2] b, c, d [3] c, d, a [4] a, b, d
Q.11 The speed of a proton is one hundredth of the speed of light in vacuum. What is its de-Broglie wavelength ?

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Assume that one mole of protons has a mass equal to one gram [h = 6.626 × 10–27 erg sec] :
[1] 13.31 × 10–3 Å [2] 1.33 × 10–3 Å [3] 13.13 × 10–2 Å [4] 1.31 × 10–2 Å
Q.12 The value of charge on the oil droplets experimentally observed were – 1.6 × 10–19 and –4 × 10–19 coulomb. The
value of the electronic charge, indicated by these results is :
[1] 1.6 × 10–19 [2] –2.4 × 10–19 [3] –4 × 10–19 [4] –0.8 × 10–19
Q.13 The ratio of ionization energy of H and Be+3 is :
[1] 1 : 1 [2] 1 : 3 [3] 1 : 9 [4] 1 : 16
Q.14 Hydrogen spectrum consists of :
[1] An intense line [2] Six series of lines [3] Three series of lines [4] Four series of lines
Q.15 Which of the following salt has isoelectronic cation and anion :
[1] KF [2] NaCl [3] SrCl2 [4] MgF2
Q.16 Which set of quantum numbers is possible for the last electron of Mg+ ion :

1 1
[1] n = 3, l = 2, m = 0, s = + [2] n = 2, l = 3, m = 0, s = +
2 2

1 1
[3] n = 1, l = 0, m = 0, s = + [4] n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 2

Q.17 The discovery of neutron became very late because :

[1] Neutrons are present in nucleus [2] Neutrons are fundamental particles

[3] Neutrons are charge less [4] All

Q.18 If E1, E2 and E3 represent respectively the kinetic energies of an electron, an alpha particle and a proton each
having same de Broglie wavelength then :

[1] E1 > E3 > E2 [2] E2 > E3 > E1 [3] E1 > E2 > E3 [4] E1 = E2 = E3

Q.19 The value of : [2p(energy) – 1s(energy)] for H-atom would be :

[1] 10.2 eV [2] 13.6 eV [3] 3.4 eV [4] None of these

Q.20 In hydrogen atom, If an electron jumps from n = 6 to n = 2, how many possible spectral lines are obtained :

[1] 15 [2] 10 [3] 6 [4] 12

Q.21 If Hund’s rule is followed, magnetic moment of Fe2+, Mn+ and Cr all having 24 electrons will be in order :

[1] Fe2+ < Mn+ < Cr [2] Fe2+ < Cr = Mn+ [3] Fe2+ = Mn+ < Cr [4] Mn2+ = Cr < Fe2+

Q.22 The speed of the electron in the 1st orbit of the hydrogen atom in the ground state is–

[1] c/1.37 [2] c/1370 [3] c/13.7 [4] c/137

Q.23 Energy of H-atom in the ground state is -13.6 eV, hence energy in the second excited state is:

[1] -6.8 eV

[2] -3.4 eV

[3] -1.51 eV

[4] -5.45 eV

57
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Q.24 If n and l are respectively the principal and azimuthal quantum numbers, then the expression for calculating the
total number of electrons in any energy level is :

l n l  n–1 l  n 1 l  n–1

[1]  2(2l  1)
l 0
[2] 
l 1
2(2l  1) [3] 
l 0
2(2l  1) [4] 
l 0
2(2l  1)

Q.25 If 10–17J of light energy is needed by the interior of human eye to see an object. The photons of green light
( = 550 nm) needed to see the object are :
[1] 27 [2] 28 [3] 29 [4] 30
Q.26 The potential energy of the electron present in the ground state of Li2+ ion is represent by :

3e2 3e 3e2
[1] + [2] – 4 r [3] – [4] None of these
40r 0 40r

Q.27 For the energy levels in an atom which one of the following statements is correct :
[1] The 4s sub-energy level is at a higher energy than the 3d sub-energy level
[2] The second principal energy level can have four orbitals and contain a maximum of 8 electrons
[3] The M-energy level can have maximum of 32 electrons
[4] None of these
Q.28 13.5 g of Aluminium when changes to Al+3 ion in solution, will lose :
[1] 18.0 × 1023 electrons [2] 6.022 × 1023 electrons
[3] 3.01 × 1023 electrons [4] 9.1 × 1023 electrons
Q.29 Assume that the nucleus of the F-atom is a sphere of radius 5 × 10–13 cm. What is the density of matter in
F–nucleus :
[1] 6.02 × 1011 g/ml [2] 6.02 × 1013 g/ml [3] 6.02 × 1018 g/ml [4] None
Q.30 The ionization energy of a hydrogen atom is 13.6eV. The energy of the third-lowest electronic level in doubly
ionized lithium (Z = 3) is :
[1] –28.7 eV [2] –54.4 eV [3] –122.4 eV [4] –13.6 eV
Q.31 Assuming the nucleus and an atom to be spherical, the radius of the nucleus of mass number a is given by
1.25 × 10–13 × A1/3 cm. The atomic radius of atom is 1Å. If the mass number is 64, the fraction of the atomic
volume that is occupied by the nucleus is :
[1] 1.25 × 10–13 [2] 2.50 × 10–13 [3] 5 × 10–5 [4] None
Q.32 An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs 1.50 times as much energy as the minimum required
for it to escape from the atom. What is the wavelength of the emitted electron :
[1] 4.70 Å [2] 4.70 nm [3] 9.4 Å [4] 9.40 nm
Q.33 For an electron in a hydrogen atom, the wave function,  is proportional to exp–(r/a0), where a0 is the Bohr’s radius.
What is the ratio of the probability of finding the electron at the nucleus to the probability of finding it at a0.
[1] e [2] e2 [3] 1/e2 [4] Zero
Q.34 Energy levels A, B, C of a certain atom corresponds to increasing values of energy, i.e., EA < EB < EC. If 1, 2 and
3 are the wavelengths of radiations corresponding to the transitions C to B, B to A and C to A respectively, which
of the following statement is correct :

C
1
B
2 3
A
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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

1 2
[1] 3 = 1 + 2 [2] 3 =    [3] 1 + 2 + 3 = 0 [4]  32 =  12 +  22
1 2

Q.35 The energy difference between two electronic states is 46.12 kcal/mole. What will be the frequency of the light
emitted when an electron drops from the higher to the lower energy state (Planck constant = 9.52 × 10–14 kcal
sec mole–1)
[1] 4.84 × 1015 cycles sec–1 [2] 4.84 × 10–5 cycles sec–1
[3] 4.84 × 10–12 cycles sec–1 [4] 4.84 × 1014 cycles sec–1

Q.36 Which of the following curves may represent the speed of the electron in a hydrogen atom as a function of the
principal quantum number n :

a
d
b
v c

[1] a [2] b [3] c [4] d

Q.37 The uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass 9.1 × 10–28 gm) moving with a velocity of 3 × 104 cm sec–1,
Accurate upto 0.011% will be :

[1] 1.92 cm [2] 7.68 cm [3] 0.175 cm [4] 3.84 cm

Q.38 A–1 kW radio transmitter operates at a frequency of 880 Hz. How many photons per second does it emit :

[1] 1.71 × 1021 [2] 1.71 × 1033 [3] 6.02 × 1023 [4] 2.85 × 1026

Q.39 Two particles A and B are in motion. It the wavelength associated with the particle A is 5.0 × 10–8 m, the
wavelength of particle B having momentum half of A is :

[1] 2.5 × 10–8 m [2] 1.25 × 10–8 m [3] 1.0 × 10–7 m [4] 1.0 × 10–8 m

Q.40 A particle A moving with a certain velocity has de Broglie wavelength of 1 Å. If particle B has mass 25% of that
A and velocity 75% of that of A, the de Broglie wavelength of B will be approximately :

[1] 1 Å [2] 5.3 Å [3] 3 Å [4] 0.2 Å

Q.41 Energy required to pull out an electron from 1st orbit of hydrogen atom to infinity is 100 units. The amount of
energy needed to pull out the electron from 2nd orbit to infinity is :

[1] 50 units [2] 100 units [3] 25 units [4] Zero

Q.42 The electrons, identified by quantum numbers n and l , (i) n  4, l  1 (ii) n  4, l  0 (iii) n  3, l  2 (iv) n  3, l  1

can be placed in order of increasing energy, fromn the lowest to highest, as

(1) (iv) < (ii) < (iii) < (i) (2) (ii) < (iv) < (i) < (iii) (3) (i) < (iii) < (ii) < (iv) (4) (iii) < (i) < (iv) < (ii)
Q.43 The orbital angular momentum of an electron in 2s orbital is

1 h
[1]  . [2] zero
2 2

h h
[3] [4] 2.
2 2

59
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Q.44 Which of the following statementsis wrong :

[1] Kinetic energy of an electron is halfof the magnitude of its potential energy
[2] Kietic energy of an electron is negative of total energy of electron
[3] Energy of an electron decreases with increases in the value of principal quantum number
[4] All of these
Q.45 If each hydrogen atom is excited by giving 8.4eV energy, then the number of spectral lines emitted is equal to:
[1] none [2] 2 [3] 3 [4] 4

Q.46 The orbital cylindrically symmetrical about x-axis is :

[1] pz [2] py [3] px [4] dxz

Q.47 Which of the d-orbital lies in the xy-plane :

[1] dxz only [2] dxy only [3] dx2  y2 only [4] dxy & dx2  y2 only

Q.48 The probability of finding an electron residing in a px orbital is zero in the :

[1] xy plane [2] yz plane [3] y direction [4] z direction

Q.49 If the series limit of wavelength of the Lyman series for the hydrogen atoms is 912Å, then the series limit of
wavelength for the Balmer series of the hydrogen atom is :

[1] 912 Å [2] 912 × 2 Å [3] 912 × 4 Å [4] 912/2 Å

Q.50 An element of atomic weight Z consist of two isotopes of mass number Z – 1 and Z + 2. Percentage of abundanc
of the heavier isotope is :

1 2
[1] 25 [2] 33 [3] 66 [4] 75
3 3

Answer Key
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 2 2 2 4 2 3 4 1 1 3 2 1 4 2 4 4 3 4 1 2
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 2 4 3 4 2 3 3 4 2 4

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 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Exercise # 3
Q.1 From the given sets of quantum numbers the one that is inconsistent with the theory is : [IIT-Scr. 1994]

[1] n = 3, l = 2, m = – 3, s = + 1/2 [2] n = 4, l = 3, n = 3, s = + 1/2

[3] n = 2, l = 1, m = 0, s = – 1/2 [4] n = 4, l = 3, m = 2, s = + 1/2

Q.2 The total number of electrons present in all the p-orbitals of bromine are : [MP PET 1994]

[1] Five [2] Eighteen [3] Seventeen [4] Thirty five

Q.3 The total number of valence electrons in 4.2 gm of N3– ion is (NA is the Avogadro’s number) : [CBSE 1994]

[1] 1.6 NA [2] 3.2 NA [3] 2.1 NA [4] 4.2 NA

Q.4 The uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass = 9.1 × 10–28 g) moving with a velocity of 3.0 × 104 cm s–1

h
accurate upto 0.001% will be (use in the uncertainty expression, where h = 6.62 × 10–27 erg-s)
4

[1] 1.92 cm [2] 7.68 cm [3] 5.76 cm [4] 3.84 cm [CBSE 1995]

Q.5 A 3p orbital has : [IIT 1995]

[1] Two spherical nodes [2] Two non-spherical nodes

[3] One spherical and one non-spherical nodes [4] One spherical and two non-spherical nodes
Q.6 Zeeman effect refers to the : [AFMC 1995]

[1] Splitting up of the lines in an emission spectrum in a magnetic field

[2] Splitting up to the lines in an emission spectrum in the presence of an external electrostatic field
[3] Emission of electrons from metals when light falls upon them

[4] Random scattering of light by colloidal particles

Q.7 For n = 3 energy level, the number of possible orbitals are : [MP PMT 1995]
[1] 1 [2] 3 [3] 4 [4] 9

Q.8 The orbital angular momentum of an electron in 2s orbital is : [IIT 1996]

1 h h h
[1] + . [2] Zero [3] [4] 2 . 2
2 2 2

Q.9 In a Bohr’s model of atom when an electron jumps from n = 1 to n = 3, how much energy will be emitted or
absorbed : [CBSE 1996]

[1] 2.15 × 10–11 ergs [2] 0.1911 × 10–10 ergs [3] 2.389 × 10–12 ergs [4] 0.239 × 10–10 ergs
Q.10 The shape of an orbital is given by the quantum number : [MP PMT 1996]

[1] n [2] l [3] m [4] s

Q.11 Which of the following metal ions will have maximum number of unpaired electrons : [CPMT 1996]
[1] Fe+2 [2] Co+2 [3] Ni+2 [4] Mn+2

Q.12 The maximum probability of finding an electron in the dxy orbital is : [MT PET 1996]

[1] Along the x-axis [2] Along the y-axis

[3] At an angle of 45º from the x and y-axes [4] At an angle of 90º from the x and y-axes

61
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Q.13 CO has same electrons as or the ion that is isoelectronic with CO is : [CBSE 1997]

[1] N2+ [2] CN– [3] O2+ [4] O–2

Q.14 The total number of orbital in an energy level designated by principal quantum number n, is equal to :

[1] 2n [2] 2n2 [3] n [4] n2 [AIIMS 1997]

Q.15 Which electronic level would allow the hydrogen atom to absorb a photon but not to emit a photon :
[1] 3s [2] 2p [3] 2s [4] 1s

Q.16 An electron has principal quantum number 3. The number of its : [MT PET 1997]

(i) subshells and (ii) orbitals would be respectively

[1] 3 and 5 [2] 3 and 7 [3] 3 and 9 [4] 2 and 5

Q.17 The first use of quantum theory to explain the structure of atom was made by : [IIT 1997]

[1] Heisenberg [2] Bohr [3] Planck [4] Einstein

Q.18 Five valence electrons of 15P are labelled as . If the spin quantum number of B and Z is + 1/2, the

group of electrons with three of the quantum number same are : [JIPMER 1997]

[1] Ab, XYZ, BY [2] AB [3] XYZ, AZ [4] AB, XYZ

Q.19 If electron falls from n = 3 to n = 2, then emitted energy is : [AFMC 1997]

[1] 10.2 eV [2] 12.09 eV [3] 1.9 eV [4] 0.65 eV

Q.20 The energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of H atom is – 13.6 eV. The possible energy value of the first
excited state for electrons in Bohr orbits to hydrogen is (are) : [IIT 1998]

[1] – 3.4 eV [2] – 4.2 eV [3] – 6.8 eV [4] + 6.8 eV

Q.21 The energy of an electron in the first orbit of He+ is – 871.6 × 10–20 J. The energy of the electron in the first orbit
of hydrogen would be : [Roorkee 1998]

[1] – 871.6 × 10–20 J [2] – 435.8 × 10–20 J [3] – 217.9 × 10–20 J [4] – 108.9 × 10–20 J

Q.22 The position of both an electron and a helium atom is known within 1.0 nm and the momentum of the electron is
known within 50 × 10–26 kg ms–1. The minimum uncertainty in the measurement of the momentum of the helium
atom is : [CBSE 1998]

[1] 50 kg ms–1 [2] 60 kg ms–1 [3] 80 × 10–26 kg ms–1 [4] 50 × 10–26 kg ms–1

Q.23 The Bohr orbit radius for the hydrogen atom (n = 1) is approximately 0.530 A. The radius for the first excited state
(n = 2) orbit is : [CBSE 1998]

[1] 0.13 Å [2] 1.06 Å [3] 4.77 Å [4] 2.12 Å

Q.24 Number of orbitals having paired electrons for gaseous Fe are :

[1] 4 [2] 11 [3] 15 [4] 19

Q.25 Ground state electron configuration of nitrogen atom can be represent by : [IIT 1999]

[1]      [2]      [3]      [4] None of these

Q.26 Which of the following has more unpaired d-electron : [CBSE 1999]

[1] Zn+ [2] Fe2+ [3] Ni3+ [4] Cu+

62
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Q.27 Which of the following set of quantum numbers belong to highest energy :

1 1
[1] n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + [2] n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 2

1 1
[3] n = 3, l = 1, m = 1, s = + [4] n = 3, l = 2, m = 1, s = +
2 2

Q.28 Correct order of size is :

[1] I > I+ > I– [2] I > I– > I+ [3] I– > I > I+ [4] I+ > I > I–

Q.29 Which of the following pair of orbitals posses two nodal planes :

[1] pxy, dx2 – y2 [2] dxy, dzx [3] pyz, dzx [4] dz2 , dx2 – y2

[1] Cl [2] Ne [3] Ar [4] Kr

Q.30 Ground state electronic configuration of nitrogen is :

[1] 1s2, 2s2, 2p 1x , 2p 1y , 2p 1z [2] 1s2, 2s2, 2px2, 2p 1y

[3] 1s2, 2s2, 2px2, 2pz1 [4] 1s2, 2s2, 2px3

Q.31 In the Bohr’s orbit, what is the ratio of total kinetic energy and total energy of electron :

[1] – 1 [2] – 2 [3] 1 [4] + 2

Q.32 Which of the following element outermost orbit’s last electron has magnetic quantum number m = 0 ?

[1] Na [2] O [3] Cl [4] N

Q.33 The value of Planck’s constant is 6.63 × 10–34 Js. The velocity of light is 3.0 × 108 m s–1. Which value is closest
to the wavelength in nanometers of a quantum of light with frequency of 8 × 1015 s–1 ?

[1] 5 × 10–18 [2] 4 × 101 [3] 3 × 107 [4] 2 × 10–25

h
Q.34 The orbital angular momentum for an electron revolving in an orbit is given by l (l  1) . . This momentum for
2
an s-electron will be given by : [AIEEE 2003]

h 1 h h
[1] 2. [2] + . [3] zero [4]
2 2 2 2

Q.35 The number of d-electrons retained in Fe2+ (At. no. of Fe = 26) ion is : [AIEEE 2003]
[1] 6 [2] 3 [3] 4 [4] 5

Q.36 The de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball of mass 60 g moving with a velocity of 10 metres per second is
approximately : [AIEEE 2003]

[1] 10–25 metres [2] 10–33 metres [3] 10–31 metres [4] 10–16 metres
Q.37 In Bohr series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to which one of the
following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen ? [AIEEE 2003]

[1] 2  5 [2] 3  2 [3] 5  2 [4] 4  1

Q.38 Which of the following sets of quantum number is correct for an electron in 4f orbital ? [AIEEE 2004]

63
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

1 1
[1] n = 3, l = 2, m = – 2, s = + [2] n = 4, l = 4, m = – 4, s = –
2 2

1 1
[3] n = 4, l = 3, m = + 1, s = + [4] n = 4, l = 3, m = + 4, s = +
2 2

Q.39 consider the ground state of Cr atom (Z = 24). The numbers of electrons with the azimuthal quantum numbers,
l = 1 and 2 are, respectively : [AIEEE 2004]

[1] 16 and 5 [2] 12 and 5 [3] 16 and 4 [4] 12 and 4

Q.40 The wavelength of the radiation emitted, when in a hydrogen atom electron falls from infinity to stationary state
1, would be (Rydberg constant = 1.097 × 107 m–1) : [AIEEE 2004]

[1] 9.1 × 10–8 nm [2] 192 nm [3] 406 nm [4] 91 nm

Q.41 Which one of the following sets of ions represents the collection of isoelectronic species ? [AIEEE 2004]
[1] Na+, Mg2+, Al3+, Cl– [2] Na+, Ca2+, Sc3+, F–

[3] K+, Cl–, Mg2+, Sc3+ [4] K+, Ca2+, Sc3+, Cl–

Q.42 Consider the following nuclear relations : [AIEEE 2004]

238
92 M yx N  2 24He x
y N BA L  2

The number of neutrons in the element L is :

[1] 146 [2] 144 [3] 140 [4] 142

Q.43 Which of the following have same radius as hydrogen n = 1 : [IIT Scr. 2004]

[1] He+, n = 2 [2] Be+3, n = 2 [3] Li+2, n =2 [4] Li+2, n = 3

Q.44 The ratio of charge and mass would be greater for - [BHU 2005]

[1] Proton [2] Electron [3] Neutron [4] Alpha

Q.45 Magnitude of K.E. in an orbit is eaual to - [BCECE 2005]

[1] Half of the potential energy [2] Twice of the potential energy

[3] One fourth of the potential energy [4] None of these

Q.46 Number of neutron in C12 is - [BCECE 2005]

[1] 6 [2] 7 [3] 8 [4] 9

Q.47 The energy of second Bohr orbit of the hydrogen atom is –328 kJ mol–1. hence the energy of fourth Bohr orbit
would be - [CBSE PMT 2005]

[1] –41 kJ mol–1 [2] –1312 kJ mol–1 [3] –164 kJ mol–1 [4] –82 kJ mol–1
Q.48 A metal surface is exposed to solar radiations

[1] The emitted electrons have energy less than a maximum value of energy depending upon frequency of
incident radiations

[2] The emitted electrons have energy less than maximum value of energy depending upon intensity of
incident radiation

[3] The emitted electrons have zero energy

[4] The emitted electrons have energy equal to energy of photons of incident light

64
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Q.49 Which of the following transitions have minimum wavelength

[1] n4  n1 [2] n2 n1 [3] n4  n2 [4] n3  n1

Q.50 Orbital is -

[1] Circular path around the nucleus in which the electron revolves
[2] Space around the nucleus where the probability of finding the electron is maximum

[3] Amplitude of electrons wave

[4] None of these

Q.51 If magnetic quantum number of a given atom represented by –3, then what will be its principle quantum
number [BHU 2005]

[1] 2 [2] 3 [3] 4 [4] 5

Q.52 The total number of orbitals in an energy level designated by principal quantum number n is equal to -
[J & K CET 2005]

[1] 2n [2] 2n2 [3] n [4] n2

Q.53 The number of radial nodes of 3s and 2p orbitals are respectively - [IIT-JEE 2005]
[1] 2, 0 [2] 0, 2 [3] 1, 2 [4] 2, 1

Q.54 Number of unpaired electrons in Mn4+ is -

[1] 3 [2] 5 [3] 6 [4] 4

Q.55 Which of the following sequence is correct as per Aufbau principle

[1] 3s < 3d < 4s < 4p [2] 1s < 2p < 4s < 3d

[3] 2s < 5s < 4p < 5d [4] 2s < 2p < 3d < 3p

Q.56 Electronic configuration of deuterium atom is - [J&K CET 2005]

[1] 1s1 [2] 2s2 [3] 2s1 [4] 1s2

Q.57 According to Bohr’s theory, the angular momentum of an electron is 5th orbit is - [AIEEE 2006]

[1] 1.0 h/ [2] 10 h/ [3] 2.5 h/ [4] 25h/

Q.58 Uncertainty in the position of an electron (mass = 9.1 × 10–31 kg) moving with a velocity 300 ms–1, accurate
upto 0.001 %, will be - [AIEEE 2006]
[1] 5.76 × 10–2m [2] 1.92 × 10–2m [3] 3.84 × 10–2m [4] 19.2 × 10–2m

(h = 6.63 × 10–34 Js)

Q.59 Which one of the following sets of ions represents a collection of isoelectronic species ? [AIEEE 2006]
[1] Ba2+, Sr2+, K+, Ca2+ [2] N3–, O2–, F–, S2–

[3] Li+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ [4] K+, Cl–, Ca2+, Sc3+

Q.60 Which of the following sets of quantum numbers represents the highest energy of an atom ? [AIEEE 2007]

1 1
[1] n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, s = + [2] n = 3, l = 0, m = 0, s = +
2 2

1 1
[3] n = 3, l = 1, m = 0, s = + [4] n = 3, l = 2, m = 0, s = +
2 2
65
 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Answer Key
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 1 3 1 1 3 1 4 2 2 2 4 3 2 4 4 3 2 4 3 1
Qus. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 3 4 4 2 1 2 4 3 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 3 2 4
Qus. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 4 2 2 2 1 1 4 1 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 1 3 4 4 4

66