Exercise 14.

1
Question 1:
Find the common factors of the given terms.
(i) 12 x,36 (ii) 2 y, 22 xy
(iii) 14 pq, 28 p 2 q 2 (iv) 2 x,3x 2 , 4
(v) 6abc, 24ab2 ,12a2b (vi) 16 x3 , 4 x 2 ,32 x
(vii) 10 pq, 20qr ,30rp (viii) 3x2 y3 ,10 x3 y 2 ,6 x2 y 2 z
Answer 1:
(i) 12x  2  2  3 x
36  2  2  3 3
Hence, the common factors are 2, 2 and 3 = 2 x 2 x 3 = 12

(ii) 2y  2 y
22 xy  2  11 x  y
Hence, the common factors are 2 and y = 2  y  2 y

(iii) 14 pq  2  7  p  q
28 p 2 q 2  2  2  7  p  p  q  q
Hence, the common factors are 2  7  p  q  14 pq

(iv) 2x  2  x 1
3x 2  3  x  x 1
4  2  2 1
Hence, the common factor is 1.

(v) 6abc  2  3 a  b  c
24ab 2  2  2  2  3  a  b  b
12a 2b  2  2  3  a  a  b
Hence, the common factors are 2  3 a  b  6ab

(vi) 16 x3  2  2  2  2  x  x  x
4 x 2   1  2  2  x  x
32x  2  2  2  2  2  x
Hence, the common factors are 2  2  x  4 x

1
 (vii) 10 pq  2  5  p  q
20qr  2  2  5  q  r
30rp  2  3  5  r  p
Hence, the common factors are 2  5  10

(viii) 3x 2 y 3  3  x  x  y  y  y
10 x3 y 2  2  5  x  x  x  y  y
6 x2 y 2 z  2  3  x  x  y  y  z
Hence, the common factors are x  x  y  y  x 2 y 2

Question 2:
Factorize the following expressions.
(i) 7 x  42 (ii) 6 p  12q
(iii) 7a  14a
2
(iv) 16 z  20 z 3
(v) 20l 2 m  30alm (vi) 5x2 y  15xy 2
(vii) 10a 2  15b 2  20c 2 (viii) 4a 2  4ab  4ca
(ix) x2 yz  xy 2 z  xyz 2 (x) ax 2 y  bxy 2  cxyz
Answer 2:
(i) 7 x  42 = 7  x  2  3  7
Taking common factors from each term,
= 7  x  2  3
= 7  x  6

(ii) 6 p  12q = 2  3  p  2  2  3  q
Taking common factors from each term,
= 2  3  p  2q 
= 6  p  2q 

(iii) 7a 2  14a  7  a  a  2  7  a
Taking common factors from each term,
= 7  a  a  2
= 7a  a  2 

2
(iv) 16 z  20 z 3   1  2  2  2  2  z  2  2  5  z  z  z
Taking common factors from each term,
= 2  2  z  2  2  5  z  z 
= 4 z  4  5 z 2 

(v) 20l 2 m  30alm  2  2  5  l  l  m  2  3  5  a  l  m

Taking common factors from each term,
= 2  5 l  m 2  l  3 a 
= 10lm  2l  3a 

(vi) 5x2 y  15xy 2  5  x  x  y  3  5  x  y  y

Taking common factors from each term,
= 5 x  y  x  3y
= 5 xy  x  3 y 

(vii) 10a 2  15b 2  20c 2  2  5  a  a  3  5  b  b  2  2  5  c  c

Taking common factors from each term,
= 5 2  a  a  3 b  b  2  2  c  c 
= 5  2a 2  3b2  4c 2 

(viii) 4a 2  4ab  4ca   1  2  2  a  a  2  2  a  b  2  2  c  a

Taking common factors from each term,
= 2  2  a  a  b  c 
= 4a   a  b  c 

(ix) x2 yz  xy 2 z  xyz 2  x  x  y  z  x  y  y  z  x  y  z  z
Taking common factors from each term,
= x y z x  y  z
= xyz  x  y  z 

3
 (x) ax2 y  bxy 2  cxyz  a  x  x  y  b  x  y  y  c  x  y  z
Taking common factors from each term,
= x  y a  x  b  y  c  z 
= xy  ax  by  cz 

Question 3:
Factorize:
(i) x 2  xy  8x  8 y (ii) 15 xy  6 x  5 y  2
(iii) ax  bx  ay  by (iv) 15 pq  15  9q  25 p
(v) z  7  7 xy  xyz
Answer 3:
(i) x 2  xy  8 x  8 y  x  x  y   8  x  y 
=  x  y  x  8 

(ii) 15 xy  6 x  5 y  2  3 x  5 y  2   1 5 y  2 
=  5 y  2  3 x  1

(iii) ax  bx  ay  by   ax  bx    ay  by 
= x a  b  y a  b
=  a  b  x  y 

(iv) 15 pq  15  9q  25 p  15 pq  25 p  9q  15
= 5 p  3q  5   3  3q  5 
=  3q  5  5 p  3

(v) z  7  7 xy  xyz  7 xy  7  xyz  z

= 7  xy  1  z  xy  1
=  xy  1 7  z    11  xy  1 z  7 

= 1  xy  z  7 

4
 Exercise 14.2
Question 1:
Factorize the following expressions:
(i) a 2  8a  16 (ii) p 2  10 p  25
(iii) 25m 2  30m  9 (iv) 49 y 2  84 yz  36 z 2
(v) 4 x2  8x  4 (vi) 121b 2  88bc  16c 2
l  m  4lm [Hint: Expand  l  m  first]
2 2
(vii)
(viii) a 4  2a 2 b 2  b 4

Answer 1:
(i) a 2  8a  16  a 2   4  4  a  4  4
Using identity x 2   a  b  x  ab   x  a  x  b  ,
Here x  a, a  4 and b  4
a 2  8a  16 =  a  4  a  4    a  4 
2

(ii) p 2  10 p  25  p 2   5  5  p   5  5 
Using identity x 2   a  b  x  ab   x  a  x  b  ,
Here x  p, a  5 and b  5
p 2  10 p  25   p  5 p  5   p  5
2

25m2  30m  9   5m   2  5m  3   3
2 2
(iii)
Using identity a 2  2ab  b2   a  b  , here a  5m, b  3
2

25m2  30m  9   5m  3
2

49 y 2  84 yz  36 z 2   7 y   2  7 y  6 z   6 z 
2 2
(iv)
Using identity a 2  2ab  b2   a  b  , here a  7 y, b  6 z
2

49 y 2  84 yz  36 z 2   7 y  6 z 
2

1
 4 x2  8x  4   2 x   2  2 x  2   2
2 2
(v)
Using identity a 2  2ab  b2   a  b  , here a  2 x, b  2
2

4 x 2  8 x  4   2 x  2    2   x  1  4  x  1
2 2 2 2

121b2  88bc  16c 2  11b   2 11b  4c   4c 

2 2
(vi)
Using identity a 2  2ab  b2   a  b  , here a  11b, b  4c
2

121b2  88bc  16c 2  11b  4c 

2

l  m   a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2
 4lm = l 2  2  l  m  m 2  4lm
2
(vii)
 
= l 2  2lm  m 2  4lm
= l 2  2lm  m 2
= l  m  a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2
 

a 4  2a 2b2  b4   a 2   2  a 2  b2   b2 
2 2
(viii)

=  a 2  b2    a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2
 

Question 2:
Factorize:
(i) 4 p 2  9q 2 (ii) 63a 2  112b 2
(iii) 49 x 2  36 (iv) 16 x5  144 x 2
l  m  l  m 9 x2 y 2  16
2 2
(v) (vi)
(vii) x 2
 2 xy  y 2   z 2 (viii) 25a 2  4b 2  28bc  49c 2
Answer 2:
4 p 2  9q 2   2 p    3q 
2 2
(i)
=  2 p  3q  2 p  3q   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

63a 2  112b 2  7  9a 2  16b2   7  3a    4b  

2 2
(ii)
 
= 7  3a  4b  3a  4b   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

2
 49 x 2  36 =  7 x    6 
2 2
(iii)
=  7 x  6  7 x  6   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

(iv) 16 x5  144 x3  16 x3  x 2  9 

= 16 x3  x    3 
2 2
 
= 16 x 3  x  3 x  3  a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

l  m  l  m   l  m    l  m    l  m    l  m 

2 2
(v)
 a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  
=  l  m  l  m  l  m  l  m 
=  2m  2l   4lm

9 x 2 y 2  16   3xy    4 
2 2
(vi)
=  3 xy  4  3 xy  4   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

(vii) x 2
 2 xy  y 2   z 2   x  y   z 2
2

 a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2
 
=  x  y  z  x  y  z   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

(viii) 25a 2  4b2  28bc  49c 2  25a 2   4b2  28bc  49c 2 

= 25a 2   2b   2  2b  7c   7c  
2 2
 
= 25a 2   2b  7c   a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2
 
=  5a    2b  7c 
2 2

= 5a   2b  7c   5a   2b  7c   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  

=  5a  2b  7c  5a  2b  7c 

3
Question 3:
Factorize the expressions:
(i) ax 2  bx (ii) 7 p 2  21q 2
(iii) 2 x3  2 xy 2  2 xz 2 (iv) am 2  bm 2  bn 2  an 2
(v)  lm  l   m  1 (vi) y  y  z  9 y  z
(vii) 5 y 2  20 y  8 z  2 yz (viii) 10ab  4a  5b  2
(ix) 6 xy  4 y  6  9 x
Answer 3:
(i) ax 2  bx = x  ax  b 

(ii) 7 p 2  21q 2 = 7  p 2  3q 2 

(iii) 2 x3  2 xy 2  2 xz 2 = 2x  x 2  y 2  z 2 

(iv) am 2  bm 2  bn 2  an 2 = m 2  a  b   n 2  a  b 
=  a  b   m2  n 2 

(v)  lm  l   m  1 = l  m  1  1 m  1 =  m  1 l  1

(vi) y  y  z   9  y  z  =  y  z  y  9 

(vii) 5 y 2  20 y  8 z  2 yz = 5 y 2  20 y  2 yz  8 z
= 5 y  y  4  2z  y  4
=  y  4  5 y  2 z 

(viii) 10ab  4a  5b  2 = 2a  5b  2   1 5b  2 
=  5b  2  2a  1

(ix) 6 xy  4 y  6  9 x = 6 xy  9 x  4 y  6
= 3 x  2 y  3  2  2 y  3
=  2 y  3 3 x  2 

4
Question 4:
Factorize:
(i) a 4  b4 (ii) p 4  81
x4   y  z  x4   x  z 
4 4
(iii) (iv)
(v) a 4  2a 2 b 2  b 4
Answer 4:
a 4  b4   a 2    b2 
2 2
(i)
=  a 2  b 2  a 2  b 2   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
=  a  b  a  b   a 2  b 2   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 

p 4  81   p 2    9 
2 2
(ii)
=  p 2  9  p 2  9   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
=  p 2  32  p 2  9 
=  p  3 p  3  p 2  9   a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 

x4   y  z    x 2    y  z  
4 2 2 2
(iii)
 
=  x2   y  z    x2   y  z    a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
2 2
  
=  x   y  z    x   y  z   x 2   y  z    a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
2
 
=  x  y  z  x  y  z   x 2   y  z  
2
 

x4   x  z    x2    x  z  
4 2 2 2
(iv)
 
=  x2   x  z    x2   x  z    a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
2 2
  
=  x   x  z    x   x  z   x 2   x  z    a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
2
 
=  x  x  z  x  x  z   x 2  x 2  2 xz  z 2    a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2
 
= x  2 x  z   2 x 2  2 xz  z 2 

5
    2a 2b2   b2 
2 2
(v) a 4  2a 2 b 2  b 4 = a 2

=  a 2  b2    a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2
 
=  a  b  a  b  a 2  b2   a  b  a  b 
2


=  a  b  a  b   xy   xm . y m 
2 2 m
 

Question 5:
Factorize the following expressions:
(i) p2  6 p  8 (ii) q 2  10q  21
(iii) p 2  6 p  16
Answer 5:
(i) p2  6 p  8  p2   4  2 p  4  2
= p2  4 p  2 p  4  2
= p  p  4  2  p  4
=  p  4  p  2 

(ii) q 2  10q  21  q 2   7  3 q  7  3
= q 2  7q  3q  7  3
= q  q  7  3 q  7
=  q  7  q  3

(iii) p 2  6 p  16  p 2   8  2  p  8  2
= p2  8 p  2 p  8  2
= p  p  8  2  p  8

=  p  8  p  2 

6
 Exercise 14.3
Question 1:
Carry out the following divisions:
(i) 28 x 4  56 x (ii) 36 y 3  9 y 2
(iii) 66 pq 2 r 3 11qr 2 (iv) 34 x3 y3 z 3  51xy 2 z 3
(v) 12a8b8   6a 6b4 

Answer 1:
28 x 4 28 x 4
(i) 28 x  56 x 
4
= 
56 x 56 x
1
= x3  x m  x n  x mn 
2

36 y 3 36 y 3
(ii) 36 y3  9 y 2  =  2
9 y2 9 y
= 4 y  x m  x n  x mn 

66 pq 2 r 3 66 pq 2 r 3
(iii) 66 pq 2 r 3 11qr 2 = = 
11qr 2 11 qr 2
= 6 pqr  x m  x n  x mn 

34 x3 y 3 z 3 34 x3 y3 z 3
(iv) 34 x3 y 3 z 3  51xy 2 z 3  = 
51xy 2 z 3 51 xy 2 z 3
2 2
= x y  x m  x n  x mn 
3

12a8b8 12 a8b8
(v) 12a8b8   6a 6b 4   = 
6a 6b 4 6 a 6b 4
= 2a 2b 4  x m  x n  x mn 

1
Question 2:
Divide the given polynomial by the given monomial:
(i)  5 x  6 x   3x
2
(ii) 3 y 8
 4 y6  5 y4   y4
(iii) 8 x y z  x y z  x
3 2 2 2 3 2 2
y 2 z3   4x2 y 2 z 2
(iv)  x  2 x  3x   2 x
3 2
(v) p q3 6
 p 6 q3   p 3q3
Answer 2:
5x2  6 x
(i) 5x 2
 6 x   3x 
3x
2
5x 6 x 5 1
=  = x  2 =  5x  6
3x 3x 3 3

3 y8  4 y 6  5 y 4
(ii)  3 y8  4 y 6  5 y 4   y 4  y4
3 y8 4 y 6 5 y 4
= 4
 4  4 = 3y4  4 y2  5
y y y

8  x3 y 2 z 2  x 2 y 3 z 2  x 2 y 2 z 3 
(iii) 8  x y z  x y z  x y z   4x y z 
3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2

4 x2 y 2 z 2
8 x3 y 2 z 2 8 x 2 y 3 z 2 8 x 2 y 2 z 3
=   = 2x  2 y  2z
4 x2 y 2 z 2 4x2 y 2 z 2 4x2 y 2 z 2
= 2 x  y  z

x3  2 x 2  3x
(iv)  x  2 x  3x   2 x =
3 2

2x
3 2
x2 2x 3 1 2
 =  x  2 x  3
x 2 x 3x
=   = 
2x 2x 2x 2 2 2 2

p3q 6  p 6 q3
(v) p q
3 6
 p6 q3   p3q3 
p3q3

p3q 6 p 6 q3
= 3 3
 3 3 = q3  p3
pq pq

2
Question 3:
Work out the following divisions:
(i) 10 x  25   5 (ii) 10 x  25    2 x  5 
(iii) 10 y  6 y  21  5  2 y  7  (iv) 9 x 2 y 2  3 z  24   27 xy  z  8 
(v) 96abc  3a  12  5b  30   144  a  4  b  6 
Answer 3:
10 x  25
(i) 10x  25  5 
5
5  2 x  5
= = 2x  5
5

10 x  25
(ii) 10 x  25   2 x  5 
 2 x  5
5  2 x  5
= 5
 2 x  5

10 y  6 y  21
(iii) 10 y  6 y  21  5  2 y  7  
52 y  7
2  5 y  3 2 y  7
= = 2 y 3  6y
52 y  7

9 x 2 y 2  3 z  24 
(iv) 9 x 2 y 2  3 z  24   27 xy  z  8  
27 xy  z  8 
9 xy  xy  3  z  8 
=  = xy
27 xy  z  8 

96abc  3a  12  5b  30 
(v) 96abc  3a  12  5b  30   144  a  4  b  6  
144  a  4  b  6 

12  4  2  abc  3  a  4   5  b  6 
= = 10abc
12  4  3  a  4  b  6 

3
Question 4:
Divide as directed:
(i) 5  2 x  1 3 x  5    2 x  1
(ii) 26 xy  x  5  y  4   13 x  y  4 
(iii) 52 pqr  p  q  q  r  r  p   104 pq  q  r  r  p 
(iv) 20  y  4   y 2  5 y  3  5  y  4 
(v) x  x  1 x  2  x  3  x  x  1
Answer 4:
5  2 x  1 3 x  5 
(i) 5  2 x  1 3x  5    2 x  1 
 2 x  1
= 5  3x  5

26 xy  x  5  y  4 
(ii) 26 xy  x  5  y  4   13x  y  4  
13x  y  4 
13  2  xy  x  5  y  4 
= = 2 y  x  5
13x  y  4 
(iii)
52 pqr  p  q  q  r  r  p 
52 pqr  p  q  q  r  r  p   104 pq  q  r  r  p  
104 pq  q  r  r  p 
52 pqr  p  q  q  r  r  p  1
= = r  p  q
52  2  pq  q  r  r  p  2

20  y  4   y 2  5 y  3
(iv) 20  y  4   y  5 y  3  5  y  4  
2

5  y  4
= 4  y 2  5 y  3

x  x  1 x  2  x  3
(v) x  x  1 x  2  x  3  x  x  1 
x  x  1

=  x  2  x  3

4
Question 5:
Factorize the expressions and divide them as directed:
(i)  y  7 y  10   y  5
2

(ii)  m 14m  32   m  2

2

(iii)  5 p  25 p  20   p  1
2

(iv) 4 yz  z  6 z  16   2 y  z  8
2

(v) 5 pq  p  q   2 p  p  q 
2 2

(vi) 12 xy  9 x  16 y   4 xy  3x  4 y 
2 2

(vii) 39 y  50 y  98  26 y  5 y  7 
3 2 2

Answer 5:
y 2  7 y  10
(i)  y 2  7 y  10   y  5   y  5
y 2   2  5 y  2  5 y2  2 y  5 y  2  5
= =
 y  5  y  5
=
 y  2  y  5  x 2   a  b  x  ab   x  a  x  b 
 y  5
= y2

m2  14m  32
(ii)  m  14m  32    m  2    m  2
2

m 2   16  2  m   16   2
=
 m  2
=
 m  16  m  2   x 2   a  b  x  ab   x  a  x  b 
 m  2
=  m  2

5 p 2  25 p  20
(iii) 5 p 2
 25 p  20    p  1 
 p  1
5 p 2  20 p  5 p  20
=
 p  1

5
 5 p  p  4  5  p  4
=
 p  1
=
 5 p  5 p  4   5  p  1 p  4 
 p  1  p  1
= 5  p  4

4 yz  z 2  6 z  16 
(iv) 4 yz  z  6 z  16   2 y  z  8  
2

2 y  z  8
4 yz  z 2   8  2  z  8   2  
=
2 y  z  8
4 yz  z  2  z  8 
=  x 2   a  b  x  ab   x  a  x  b 
2 y  z  8
= 2z  z  2

5 pq  p 2  q 2 
(v) 5 pq  p  q   2 p  p  q  
2 2

2 p  p  q
5 pq  p  q  p  q 
=  a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  
2 p  p  q
5
= q  p  q
2

12 xy  9 x 2  16 y 2 
(vi) 12 xy  9 x  16 y
2 2
  4 xy 3x  4 y   4 xy  3x  4 y 

12 xy  3x    4 y  
2 2

=  
4 xy  3x  4 y 
12 xy  3x  4 y  3x  4 y 
=  a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  
4 xy  3 x  4 y 
= 3  3x  4 y 

6
 39 y 3  50 y 2  98 
(vii) 39 y 3  50 y 2  98   26 y 2  5 y  7  
26 y 2  5 y  7 
39 y 3  2  25 y 2  49 
=
26 y 2  5 y  7 

39 y 2  2  5 y    7  
2 2

=  
26 y 2  5 y  7 
39 y 2  2  5 y  7  5 y  7 
=  a 2  b2   a  b  a  b  
26 y 2  5 y  7 
= 3 y 5 y  7

7
 Exercise 14.4
Question 1:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 4  x  5   4 x  5
Answer 1:
L.H.S. = 4  x  5   4 x  20  R.H.S.

Hence, the correct mathematical statements is 4  x  5   4 x  20.

Question 2:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: x  3 x  2   3 x 2  2
Answer 2:
L.H.S. = x  3 x  2   3 x 2  2 x  R.H.S.

Hence, the correct mathematical statements is x  3 x  2   3 x 2  2 x.

Question 3:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 2 x  3 y  5 xy
Answer 3:
L.H.S. = 2 x  3 y  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct mathematical statements is 2 x  3 y  2 x  3 y.

Question 4:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: x  2 x  3x  5x
Answer 4:
L.H.S. = x  2x  3x  6x  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct mathematical statements is x  2x  3x  6x.

1
Question 5:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 5 y  2 y  y  7 y  0
Answer 5:
L.H.S. = 5 y  2 y  y  7 y  8 y  7 y  y  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct mathematical statements is 5 y  2 y  y  7 y  y.

Question 6:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 3 x  2 x  5 x 2
Answer 6:
L.H.S. = 3x  2 x  5x  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct mathematical statements is 3x  2x  5x.

Question 7:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 2x   4  2 x   7  2 x2  8x  7
2

Answer 7:
L.H.S. =  2 x   4  2 x   7  4 x 2  8 x  7  R.H.S.
2

Hence, the correct mathematical statements is  2 x   4  2 x   7  4 x 2  8 x  7.

2

Question 8:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 2x  5x  4 x  5x  9 x
2

Answer 8:
L.H.S. =  2 x   5 x  4 x 2  5 x  R.H.S.
2

Hence, the correct mathematical statements is  2 x   5 x  4 x 2  5 x.

2

2
Question 9:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 3x  2   3x 2  6 x  4
2

Answer 9:
L.H.S. =  3x  2    3x   2  3x  2   2   9 x 2  12 x  4  R.H.S.
2 2 2

Hence, the correct mathematical statements is  3x  2   9 x 2  12 x  4.

2

Question 10:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statements:
Substituting x  3 in:
(a) x 2  5 x  4 gives  3  5  3  4  9  2  4  15
2

(b) x 2  5 x  4 gives  3  5  3  4  9  15  4  2

2

(c) x 2  5 x gives  3  5  3  9  15  24

2

Answer 10:
(a) L.H.S. = x 2  5 x  4
Putting x  3 in given expression,
=  3  5  3  4  9  15  4  2  R.H.S.
2

Hence, x 2  5 x  4 gives  3  5  3  4  9  15  4  2.

2

(b) L.H.S. = x 2  5 x  4
Putting x  3 in given expression,
=  3  5  3  4  9  15  4  28  R.H.S.
2

Hence, x 2  5 x  4 gives  3  5  3  4  9  15  4  28.

2

(c) L.H.S. = x 2  5 x
Putting x  3 in given expression,
=  3  5  3  9  15  6  R.H.S.
2

Hence, x 2  5 x gives  3  5  3  9  15  6.

2

3
Question 11:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:  y  3  y 2  9
2

Answer 11:
L.H.S. =  y  3  y 2  2  y  3   3   a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2 2
 
= y 2  6 y  9  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct statements is  y  3  y 2  6 y  9.
2

Question 12:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:  z  5  z 2  25
2

Answer 12:
L.H.S. =  z  5  z 2  2  z  5   5   a  b  a 2  2ab  b 2 
2 2 2
 
= z 2  10 z  25
Hence, the correct statement is  z  5  z 2  10 z  25.
2

Question 13:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 2a  3b  a  b   2a 2  3b 2
Answer 13:
L.H.S. =  2a  3b  a  b   2a  a  b   3b  a  b 
= 2a 2  2ab  3ab  3b 2 = 2a 2  ab  3b 2  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct statement is  2a  3b  a  b   2a 2  ab  3b 2 .

Question 14:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 a  b  a  2   a 2  8

4
 Answer14:
L.H.S. =  a  4  a  2   a  a  2   4  a  2 
= a 2  2a  4a  8  a 2  6a  8  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct statement is  a  4  a  2   a 2  6a  8.

Question 15:
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:
 a  4  a  2   a 2  8
Answer 15:
L.H.S. =  a  4  a  2   a  a  2   4  a  2 
= a 2  2a  4a  8  a 2  6a  8  R.H.S.
Hence, the correct statement is  a  4  a  2   a 2  6a  8.

Question 16:
3x 2
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 0
3x 2
Answer 16:
3x 2 1
L.H.S. =   1  R.H.S.
3x 2 1
3x 2
Hence, the correct statement is  1.
3x 2

Question 17:
3x 2  1
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:  11  2
3x 2

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 Answer 17:
3x 2  1 3x 2 1
L.H.S. = 2
 2 2
3x 3x 3x
1
= 1  2  R.H.S.
3x
3x 2  1 1
Hence, the correct statement is 2
 1 2 .
3x 3x

Question 18:
3x 1
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 
3x  2 2
Answer 18:
3x
L.H.S. =  R.H.S.
3x  2
3x 3x
Hence, the correct statement is  .
3x  2 3x  2

Question 19:
3 1
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 
4x  3 4x
Answer 19:
3
L.H.S. =  R.H.S.
4x  3
3 3
Hence, the correct statement is  .
4x  3 4x  3

Question 20:
4x  5
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement: 5
4x

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 Answer 20:
4x  5 4x 5 5
L.H.S. =    1  R.H.S.
4x 4x 4x 4x
4x  5 5
Hence, the correct statement is  1 .
4x 4x

Question 21:
7x  5
Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement:  7x
5
Answer 21:
7x  5 7x 5 7x
L.H.S. =     1  R.H.S.
5 5 5 5
7x  5 7x
Hence, the correct statement is   1.
5 5