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    0.formation Evaluation-Introduction

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    Ashish Chaudhary
    Formation evaluation is the systematic recording of information about a well to assess formation characteristics. It aims to determine the presence, location, and amount of hydrocarbon reservoirs, as well as fluid flow potential and recoverable reserves. Data is acquired on rock type, porosity, fluid saturation, fluid type, structure, and permeability. Well logs provide a continuous record of geophysical parameters along a borehole and are used by geologists, reservoir engineers, geophysicists, and production engineers. Logs identify lithology, porosity, saturation, and special properties and are classified by function including lithology, porosity, saturation, and special tools.

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    0.formation Evaluation-Introduction

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    Ashish Chaudhary
    25 views11 pages
    Formation evaluation is the systematic recording of information about a well to assess formation characteristics. It aims to determine the presence, location, and amount of hydrocarbon reservoirs, as well as fluid flow potential and recoverable reserves. Data is acquired on rock type, porosity, fluid saturation, fluid type, structure, and permeability. Well logs provide a continuous record of geophysical parameters along a borehole and are used by geologists, reservoir engineers, geophysicists, and production engineers. Logs identify lithology, porosity, saturation, and special properties and are classified by function including lithology, porosity, saturation, and special tools.

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    0.Formation Evaluation-Introduction (2)

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    Formation evaluation is the systematic recording of information about a well to assess formation characteristics. It aims to determine the presence, location, and amount of hydrocarbon reservoirs, as well as fluid flow potential and recoverable reserves. Data is acquired on rock type, porosity, fluid saturation, fluid type, structure, and permeability. Well logs provide a continuous record of geophysical parameters along a borehole and are used by geologists, reservoir engineers, geophysicists, and production engineers. Logs identify lithology, porosity, saturation, and special properties and are classified by function including lithology, porosity, saturation, and special tools.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views11 pages

    0.formation Evaluation-Introduction

    Uploaded by

    Ashish Chaudhary
    Formation evaluation is the systematic recording of information about a well to assess formation characteristics. It aims to determine the presence, location, and amount of hydrocarbon reservoirs, as well as fluid flow potential and recoverable reserves. Data is acquired on rock type, porosity, fluid saturation, fluid type, structure, and permeability. Well logs provide a continuous record of geophysical parameters along a borehole and are used by geologists, reservoir engineers, geophysicists, and production engineers. Logs identify lithology, porosity, saturation, and special properties and are classified by function including lithology, porosity, saturation, and special tools.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 11

    Formation Evaluation

    Introduction and classification


    Formation Evaluation
    Formation Evaluation is the systematic way of recording the information required
    to evaluate formation Characteristics of a well being drilled.

    Q Objective: To establish the existence of producible hydrocarbon reservoirs (oil &


    gas).
    Questions for Reservoir Engineers
    LJ Presence of hydrocarbon (O&G) bearing formation?
    O Location of potential reservoir?
    LJ Amount of hydrocarbon in place ?

    O Fluid flow potential?


    LJ Recoverable reserves?
    Formation Evaluation: Data Acquisition
    Rock Type ( Sandstone, Carbonate, shales etc.)
    Porosity
    Fluid Saturation
    Fluid Type ( Oil, water, gas)
    Reservoir Structure
    Permeability
    Reservoir Pressure
    Formation Evaluation: Different Methodology

    Drill Direct and Indirect Methods


    Stem
    Testing Measure Direct Methods
    Seismic ment * Mud logs
    Survey While ¢
    Cutting and Core Analysis
    Drilling * DST and other methods
    Indirect Methods
    Formation Wireline Logging and other
    Evaluation methods
    Well @ Mud

    e
    Testing Logging
    @
    Wireline Coring
    and Core
    Logging
    Analysis
    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, lIT(ISM) Dhanbad
    What is a well log? (Wireline Logging)
    LI The continuous recording of a Neutron Porosity

    45 % -15
    geophysical parameter along a Gamma Ray Depth, Resistivity Bulk Density

    borehole produces a well log. a gAPI 150


    ft
    0.2 ohm.m 20 1.90 gem' 2.90
    7,000
    3
    LI The value of the measurement Sha
    e (
    >
    5
    is plotted continuously against 1

    depth in the well. Gas


    7,100
    Hydrocarbon

    Sand G l

    -7,200 Brine

    Sha e

    7,300 4
    Fig: Example Hypothetical Log showing interpreted zones and fluids
    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad
    Objectives of Well Logging
    The Geologist The Reservoir Engineer:
    ¢
    What depths are the formation tops? e
    How thick is the pay zone?
    ¢
    Is the environment suitable for e How homogeneous is the formation?
    accumulation of hydrocarbon? e
    What is the volume of hydrocarbon per cubic
    ¢
    Evidence of hydrocarbons in this well? metre?
    ¢
    What type of hydrocarbon? Are hydrocarbons present in commercial
    LJ The Geophysicist: quantities?
    e Will the well pay-out?
    e
    Are the tops where you predicted?
    ¢
    Are the potential zones porous as you LJ The Production Engineer:
    assumed from seismic data? e
    Where should the production well be
    ¢
    What does a synthetic seismic section placed?
    show? What kind of production rate can be
    The Drilling Engineer: expected?
    Will there be any water production?
    ¢
    What is the hole volume for cementing?
    Is the potential pay zone hydraulically
    e
    Where can you get a good packer seat for isolated?
    testing?
    ¢
    Where is the best place to set a Whipstock?
    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad
    Well Logging Application
    LJ Identification: LJ Production:
    Rock type ¢
    Water flood feasibility
    Identification of geological environments ¢
    Reservoir quality mapping
    Location of fluid contacts (e.g. gas/oil, ¢
    Interzone fluid communication probability
    gas/water and oil/water ¢
    Reservoir fluid movement monitoring
    contacts)
    Fracture detection
    LJ Estimation:
    ¢
    Estimate of hydrocarbon in place
    ¢
    Estimate of recoverable hydrocarbon
    (reserve)
    ¢
    Reservoir pressure
    ¢
    Porosity/pore-size distribution

    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, IIT(ISM) Dhanbad


    Classification of Well Logging ( For formation Evaluation )
    LI Lithology and Permeability Logs Lithology Logs
    °
    * Gamma Ray Logging Identify permeable formations
    *
    Spontaneous Potential Logging ¢
    Determine boundaries between permeable and non-
    *
    Caliper Log permeable formations
    ¢
    Photoelectric Effect
    ¢
    Provide lithology data for correlation with other wells

    LI Porosity Logs LJ Porosity Logs:


    *
    Density
    *
    Provide accurate lithologic and porosity determination
    ¢
    Neutron
    ¢
    Provide data to distinguish between oil and gas
    ¢
    Sonic (Acoustic)
    *
    Provide porosity data for water saturation determination

    LJ Saturation (Resistivity) Logs LJ Saturation (Resistivity) Logs


    *
    Resistivity Logging
    * Determine the thickness of a formation
    ¢
    Induced current logs
    ¢
    Provide an accurate value for true formation resistivity
    *
    Induction based logs
    ¢
    Provide information for correlation purposes
    ¢
    Micro-Resistivity Logging
    *
    Provide a quick indication hydrocarbon content and
    production capacity
    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, lIT(ISM) Dhanbad
    Classification of Well Logging ( For formation Evaluation )

    Layered Geometry indication


    *
    Dipmeter
    ¢
    Borehole Gravimeter
    O Borehole Imaging
    *
    Resistivity Imager
    ¢
    Ultrasonic Imaging
    LI Special tools
    ¢
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
    *
    Dipole
    ¢
    Electromagnetic propagation tool (EPT

    Dr. Neetish Kumar Maurya, lIT(ISM) Dhanbad


    ANKSCHEEN
    125
    SHUKURIA Ne
    TAVTAPUCH

    EFCHARISTO "=<

    BOLZIN MERCI

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