PHILIPPINE CENTRAL ISLANDS COLLEGE

San Jose, Occidental Mindoro

Disaster Response and Risk

Reduction
Quarter 4: Module 1
Week 1: Geological Hazards & Causes of
Geological Hazards
Week 2: Impending signs of Geological Hazards
Week 3: Geological Maps
Week 4: Mitigation Strategies

Lesson Geological Hazards & Causes of

1 Geological Hazards
PRETEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. It is defined as the movement of rock debris or earth down the slope.
A. earthquake B. forest fire C. landslide D. tsunami
2. Extreme natural events in the crust of the earth that pose a threat to life and property.
A. geological hazard C. landslide hazard
B. hydrometeorological hazard D. tsunami hazard
3. A topographic depression formed when underlying limestone bedrock is dissolved by groundwater
A. Cave B. Landslide C. Ground break D. Sinkhole
4. The following are examples of geological hazards except?
A. earthquake B. landslide C. sinkhole D. hurricane
5. A type of rock that dissolve and cause a sinkhole
A. Cement B. Limestone C. Marble D. Sand

RECAP

https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/taal-volcano-eruption-disaster-philippines-mental-health-a9284361.html
FIGURE 1: A resident evacuating after the taal volcano erupts

Taal volcano erupted on January 12, 2020, it is 43 years after its previous eruption in 1977 it was a devastated
having 160,000 evacuees in Batangas affected in the volcanic eruption and 39 people have recorded death
during this disaster.

1. How do you define a volcanic eruption?

2. Cite an example of the “positive effect of eruption”?
3. What are the precautionary measures that you do with your family before, during, and after a
volcanic eruption?

LESSON
Geological hazards are defined as extreme natural events in the crust that will create a treat for humanity or
any living things. And some examples of these geological hazards are earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and
more. But there are more geological hazards or other geological hazards namely landslide and sinkhole that
we will tackle this lesson.

FIGURE 2: Rainfall induced Landslide FIGURE 3: Sinkhole

How do you describe the pictures above?

Landslide is the movement of debris rocks or any particles in the earth in the downslope. And one of
the common examples of a landslide is the “rainfall-induced landslide

Rainfall-induced landslide is a type of landslide which comes with water in it so aside from debris and
rocks it also has water due to heavy RAINFALL.
 The sinkhole is a naturally occurring geological hazard below the surface that collapse eventually some
geologist called it “karst terrain” a specific type of terrain that is from due to dissolving of rock beneath the
surface. The most common type of rock that is dissolved in this is limestone. There are major types of a
sinkhole and they are:

Solution sinkhole- it is the most common sinkhole it formed when the soil is very thin on the surface and
exposing the bedrock once it starts to rain the soil are carried out and eventually leaving a hole.

Cover collapse sinkhole- the most dangerous type of all the sinkholes happened when water penetrates
in the topsoil going to the limestone and dissolve it eventually until the surface collapse.

Cover subsidence sinkhole- most common with a surface that semi-permeable for example is sand
when the limestone is dissolved below the surface due to rain particles are eventually moved downward to
replace the space of a limestone.

ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
Complete the Venn diagram below by defining the two terms then, identify its similarities and difference.

ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTIONS: Create a timeline on the following event of the sinkhole in the Philippines

Manila city sinkhole June 08, 2010

Badian Cebu Sinkhole April 29, 2017
Baguio City Sinkhole June 08, 2015
Benguet Sinkhole August 02, 2016
Negros oriental Sinkhole August 22, 2015

What do you think is the reason why this place has a sinkhole?
What month do you think is prone to a sinkhole, what do you think is the reason why?

ACTIVITY 3
DIRECTIONS: Complete the crossword puzzle below.
 Across
1. Natural occurring geological hazards below the surface that collapse eventually some
geologist called it “karst terrain”
2. The movement of debris rocks or any particles in the earth in the downslope.
3. A type of rock that dissolves in the process of sinkhole
4. Factors affecting sinkhole and landslide

Down
1. The most common sinkhole it formed when the soil is very thin on the surface and exposing the
bedrock

WRAP-UP
DIRECTIONS: Identify what type of sinkhole are the following pictures and give a short explanation

1.

2.

3.

VALUING
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and confine your responses to an analysis of the question.

Some people are not aware of how dangerous rainfall-induced landslide or sinkhole. As a student’s
how will you inform them about these geological hazards to save a life in the future?
POST TEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. The sinkhole is an example of what type of hazards?
a. Fire Hazards c. Geological hazard
b. Hydrometeorological hazards d. Volcanic hazard
2. The most dangerous type of sinkhole
a. collapse b. cover c. rain-induced d. solution
3. A type of geological hazards that carries debris and particle in downslope
a. Landslide b. Sinkhole c. Typhoon d. volcanic eruption
4. A type of sinkhole where the limestone is exposed and covered in a thin layer of soil
a. Collapse b. cover c. landslide d. solution
5. What is the other term used by geologists in the sinkhole?
a. “Arst terrain”
b. “Darst terrain”
c. “Karst terrain”
d. “Sarst terrain”

Causes of Geological Hazards

PRETEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. The following are the natural cause of landslide except
A. earthquake C. mining
B. rainfall D. wildfire
2. The most common cause of the landslide
A. Clear cutting C. Earthquake
B. Rainfall D. Volcanic eruption
3. The cause of landslide due to the shaking of the earth's crust.
A. Clear cutting C. Volcanic eruption
B. Earthquake D. Wildfire
4. Which of the following is the natural cause in a sinkhole?
A. Construction C. heavy rainfall
B. Drilling D. heavy traffic
5. A method of cutting trees that causes a landslide
A. Construction C. “Kaingin” system
B. Clear cutting D. Drilling

RECAP
DIRECTION: Match the column A to column B

A B

1. The movement of debris rocks or any

particles in the earth in the downslope
A. Sinkhole
2. A naturally occurring geological hazard
below the surface that collapse eventually B. Solution
some geologist called it “karst terrain”
C. Landslides
3. The most common sinkhole it formed when
the soil is very thin on the surface and D. Cover Subsidence
exposing the bedrock
E. Cover Collapse
4. The most dangerous type of all the
sinkholes.

5. Most common with a surface that semi-

permeable
LESSON
Observe the two pictures?

FIGURE 1: Baguio Landslides FIGURE 2: Negros Oriental Sinkhole

Why do you think these geological hazards happen?

There are two types of cause in geological hazards namely natural cause and human cause Natural
cause is due to environmental factors that we can’t predict when it happens or control, while the human cause
is due to human activities.

NATURAL CAUSE OF LANDSLIDES

Earthquake – any seismic activities or vibration on the earth's crust can disrupt the force of friction that holds
the sediment in incline place or slope. It can also create a crack in the sediments to make it easier to water to
seep to the soil.
Heavy rainfall – intense rain weakens the friction of the bedrock and the sediments and it will carry some
debris together with water downhill
Wildfire – It is a large destructive fire that happens in the forest, woodland or brushes it cause landslide
because when the plants are gone it makes the soil unstable because plant act as a glue to make the soil
intact and not loosen
Volcanic eruption – volcanoes ash deposit are prone to erosion and when it mixes with water it will create a
lahar or a mudflow landslides

HUMAN CAUSE OF LANDSLIDES

Clear cutting – a method of timber harvesting that completely removes the trees to the place that act as a
binder to the soil
Mining, Construction, deep excavation – destroy the bedrock and weakens the foundation of the soil promoting
vulnerability of critical slopes

OTHER CAUSES OF LANDSLIDES

Influence of slope – the steeper the slope the more it is prone in landslides
Lithology – the characteristic of rock can cause landslide for example if the rocks in the place are composed of
clay, mica, calcite, and gypsum this place is prone to landslides because these rocks are prone in weathering.

NATURAL CAUSE OF SINKHOLE

Earthquake – the vibration of the earth’s crust can cause breaking of rocks resulting in the groundwater to
penetrate and dissolving the mineral
Water - dissolving the minerals in the rock resulting for creating a crack or gap
Groundwater – lowering the amount of groundwater causes a loss of support in the soft material resulting in a
collapse

HUMAN CAUSE OF SINKHOLE

Some activities of human that can break the bedrock and can lead to sinkhole are the following:

- Heavy loads on the surface - Broken water/Drainpipes

- Drilling - Deep excavation
- Mining

EFFECTS OF LANDSLIDE/SINKHOLE
The effects of landslides/sinkhole may vary depending on the structures of the place or the population where it
happens or how large the area it covered. Here are some effects of landslide/sinkhole:

- Loss of lives - Loss of property value

- Destruction of infrastructure - Medical cost in the event
- Loss of natural resources - Loss of water availability

ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
Write NC if Natural cause and HC if Human cause is being described in the statement.

1. Magnitude 6.7 is recorded in Baguio city

2. Mining of gold in the Sierra Madre
3. Taal volcano volcanic eruption this 2020
4. Bagyong Ondoy in 2019
 5. Trees cutting in Pampanga
6. Wildfire in Canada
7. Kaingin system in Davao
8. Road construction in MacArthur highway
9. Deep excavation in Benguet
10. Building construction in manila

ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTIONS: Identity what type of cause in sinkhole are describing in the following pictures. Write a simple
description

1. 2.

Figure 3 Figure 4

3. 4.

Figure 5 Figure 6

ACTIVITY 3
DIRECTIONS: Find the word that can damage and destroyed during Landslide and Sinkhole.

Give some examples of how to prevent the following effect.

WRAP-UP
DIRECTIONS: Search the following real-life event and write what are the cause and effect of the following
scenario

1. Itogon Landslide
2. Valencia, Cagdianao, Province of Dinagat Islands landslide
3. Mayon volcano lahar landslides (November 2006)
4. Bohol city sinkholes (October 2013)
 5. Kabangkalan city negros sinkhole

VALUING
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and confine your responses to an analysis of the question.

What do you think is the importance of the following agency in monitoring geological hazards?

1.

2.

3.

POSTTEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.

1. Seismic activities that caused the crust to move and create a landslides
a. Clear cutting c. Excavation
b. Earthquake d. Mining
2. The composition of rocks mineral that causes dissolving of rocks and eventually landslides
a. Earthquake c. Influence of slope
b. Heavy rainfall d. Lithology
3. The following are the cause of landslide except?
a. Broken pipes c. Lithology
b. Excavation d. Wildfire
4. What compound are both can cause landslide and sinkhole?
a. CO2 c. NH3
b. H2O d. O2
5. The following are the effects of sinkhole and landslide except.
a. Destruction of infrastructure c. Loss of lives
b. Increase in economics d. Loss of Property value

Lesson Impending signs of Geological

2 Hazards
PRETEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.

1. What happens to creek water when there are landslides to happen?

A. Decrease B. Increase C. it became dry D. same level
2. What shape is created in the depression of the sinkhole?
A. Circular B. Square C. Triangular D. Oval
3. What happens to soil foundation when impending signs occur?
A. Soil decrease C. Soil moves near the foundation
B. Soil increase D. Soil moves away from the foundation
4. What happens to well water in an impending sinkhole?
A. decrease C. increase
B. discolored D. nothing change
5. Impending sinkhole create this after the rain
 A. Creek C. Tilt fence
B. Small pond D. Crack on windows

RECAP
DIRECTION: Answer the following questions based on the previous lesson
Enumerate the different natural cause and human cause of landslides and sinkhole

Natural cause Landslides Human cause Landslides

1. 4.
2. 5.
3.
Natural cause Sinkhole Human cause Sinkhole
1. 3.
2. 4.
5.

LESSON
FIGURE 1 Signs

What the pictures above indicate?

Did you know that geological hazards have their signs?

Impending signs that signs or warning about to happen before landslides and sinkhole occur they are a
lot of impending signs in the following geological hazards and they are the following:

IMPENDING SIGNS in LANDSLIDES

1. Some areas become saturated that is not usually wet
2. New cracks are created and bulge in the ground
3. Soil is moving away from the foundation
4. Sunken or down-dropped of roadbeds
5. Increase in creek water levels due to the increase of soil content
6. A sudden decrease in creek water level even if the rain is still falling or recently stopped
7. Unusual sounds, such as trees and boulders knocking together
8. Broken water lines and other underground utilities
9. Tilting or cracking of concrete floors
10. Offset fence lines
IMPENDING SIGNS in SINKHOLE
1. Round circular depression in the earth
 Before its collapse completely it will create a depression on the surface that sometimes a
circular shape
2. Localized subsidence or depression all around the place
3. A circular lake or a large puddle
 This indicates that a sinkhole is open and filled with water
4. Cracking of foundation
5. Trees or fence tilt or fall
6. Sudden drainage of a pond
7. Earthy odor in the home after the rain
8. The separation between walls and floors
9. Crack tiles
10. Dead grass or vegetation
ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
DIRECTIONS: Write L if the statement is impending in landslides and S for sinkhole. Write your answer before
the number.
1. Sunken or down-dropped of roadbeds
2. Broken water lines and other underground utilities
3. Round circular depression in the earth
4. Soil is moving away from the foundation
5. Sudden drainage of a pond
 6. Dead grass or vegetation
7. Unusual sounds, such as trees and boulders knocking together
8. The separation between walls and floors
9. Some areas become saturated that is not usually wet
10. A circular lake or a large puddle

ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTIONS: Identity what type of impending signs are describing in the following pictures.
1. Figure 2 4. Figure 5

2. Figure 3 5. Figure 6

3. Figure 4

ACTIVITY 3
DIRECTIONS: Identify if the following impending signs are from landslides or sinkhole on the following
situation
1. Shola notice that there some dead grass and vegetation in the garden area even if they take care of it
daily
2. Sydney observe that the tiles on their house are eventually cracking
3. Ben observes the circular depression on their place
4. Tims observe that every day the soil is moving slowly away from the foundation of their house
5. Armel observe that the floor of his room is tilting
6. Dayanara notice a large puddle on their backyard
7. Gabbi smell an earthy odor in their home after the rain
8. Alo notice that the water on the creek is decreasing even if the rain is still falling
9. Kuya Nik hears unusual sounds such as trees and boulders knocking each other
10. Dj notice a saturation of floor that usually not wet

WRAP-UP
DIRECTIONS: Check if you observe or notice the following impending signs in your own home.

IMPENDING SIGNS in LANDSLIDES

Some areas become saturated that is not usually wet
New cracks are created and bulge in the ground
Soil is moving away from the foundation
Sunken or down-dropped of roadbeds
Increase in creek water levels due to an increase in soil content
A sudden decrease in creek water level even if the rain is still
falling or recently stopped
Unusual sounds, such as trees and boulders knocking together
Broken water lines and other underground utilities
Tilting or cracking of concrete floors
Offset fence lines
IMPENDING SIGNS in SINKHOLE
 Round circular depression in the earth
Localized subsidence or depression all around the place
A circular lake or a large puddle
Cracking of foundation
Trees or fence tilt or fall
Sudden drainage of a pond
Earthy odor in the home after the rain
The separation between walls and floors
Crack tiles
Dead grass or vegetation
Note: Not all impending signs that you can see in your house are the cause of upcoming landslides or
sinkhole you need to analyze first

What do you think is the best way to do if you notice the following impending signs in your home or
area? Why?

VALUING
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and confine your responses to an analysis of the question.

As a student, how would you educate people about the impending signs of landslides and sinkhole that
can cause damage to lives and property?

POSTTEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. What unusual sound you can hear as a warning sign in landslides
A. beatbox sound C. humming of birds
B. dog bark D. knocking of boulders
2. What is the reason for the increase in water in the creek in impending signs in landslides?
A. due to rain C. due to an increase in soil
B. due to sewage water D. due to underground water
3. What odor do you usually smell as an impending sign of a sinkhole?
A. Earthy odor C. fragrant odor
B. fishy odor D. no odor
4. As a warning sign you will observe that the wall and floors are being?
A. decrease C. separated
B. increase D. together
5. Dead grass and vegetation are warning signs of what type of geological hazards
A. Earthquake C. Sinkhole
B. Landslides D. Wildfire

Lesson
Geological Maps
3
PRETEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. A special type of map that shows geological features of the place?
A. Geological B. Navigation C. Planimetric D. Thematic
2. What type of map shows three-dimensional features of the surface of the earth?
A. Political map C. Structural map
B. physical map D. Topographic map
3. A type of geological map that includes faults, folds, and geological features?
A. Navigation map C. Structural
B. Planimetric D. Topographic
4. A vertical line of the earth crust showing the rock layers on the map?
A. Cross-section C. Faults
B. Contact D. Elements
5. It shows diagrams. Names that used in the map
A. Correlation map unit C. Scale
B. Explanation D. Symbols
RECAP
DIRECTION: Answer the following questions based on the previous lesson

Give two impending signs of landslides and sinkhole

Impending signs of landslides
1.
2.
Impending signs of sinkhole
1.
2.

What is the importance of knowing the different impending signs of landslides and geological hazards?

LESSON
Geological maps are maps that show geological features of the place. There are three types of geological
maps namely:

1. Structural map - maps that show folds, faults and other geologic structures in an area

2. Cross-section map - shows the distribution, nature and the age of the rock in the area or the place

3. Topographic map - a record of a land area giving the exact position of the place and elevation of
both natural and manmade features.

The most common among these three types of maps are the topographic maps. To read this type of map we
need to learn the rules of contour lines these lines are connected and they are the ones that can determine the
elevation and formation of the place in the map.

Rules for contour lines

1. Contour lines never cross to each other
2. The contour lines form a circle on the top of mountain and hills
3. Contour lines form closed circle are marked with straight lines indicate a depression
4. Contour lines that cross to the valley or stream created a V shape
5. The spacing of contour lines determined how steep the slope in the place
Generally found in a geological map
1. Map- a picture of the distribution of the earth’s material
2. Explanation- the description of map units or earth materials it is composed of color, name
abbreviation and text describing the characteristic
3. Scale- the size of geologic features shown in the map related to the actual size
4. Symbols- Shows diagrams, names, and symbols used in the map
5. Correlation map units- it shows the relative age of the material found in the map

ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
DIRECTIONS: Label the following generally found in the map

ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTIONS: Find the three types of geological map and describe each of them

ACTIVITY 3
DIRECTIONS: Match the following
contour lines to the corresponding
landmass it describes.
WRAP-UP
DIRECTIONS: Analyze the picture and answer the following questions.

1. Which is higher between the two landmasses?

2. Which is steeper between the two landmasses?
3. How many feet of elevation are they're between contour lines?
4. How high the hill A?
5. How high the hill B?

VALUING
DIRECTIONS: Read the questions carefully and confine your responses to an analysis of the question.

What do you think is the importance of Geological map in terms of Landslides and sinkhole geological
hazards?

POSTTEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. This type of map shows the type of rocks in an area
a. Cross-section
b. Political
c. Structural
d. Topographic
2. These lines determine the elevation and formation of the landmass
a. Contour lines
b. Horizontal lines
c. Latitude lines
d. Vertical lines
3. The following statement is true about contour lines except?
a. Contour lines never cross to each other
b. Contour lines form a circle on the top of the mountain
c. Contour lines form closed circle are marked with a straight line indicate depression
d. Contour lines that cross to the valley or stream created a Y shape line
4. It shows the size of geological features shown in map related to the actual size
a. Correlation map unit c. Symbols
b. Scale d. Temperature
5. A picture of the distribution of the earth’s material
a. Explanation b. Map
c. Scale
d. Symbol
 Lesson
Mitigation Strategies
4
PRETEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. The Action of reducing the severity or seriousness of an event.

A. Development C. Intensification
B. Erosion D. Mitigation
2. This process helps to locate areas that are prone to landslides.
A. Geotextile C. rock Barriers
B. Hazards mapping D. Surface drainage
3. The process which injects chemicals in the ground that fills the cracks.
A. Chemical grouting C. Geotextile
B. Development restriction D. Flattening slope
4. An increase in vegetation cover is mitigation of what geological hazards?
A. Earthquake C. Sinkhole
B. Landslide D. Wildfire
5. The following are mitigation for sinkhole EXCEPT?
A. Chemical grouting C. Increase vegetation
B. Hire a building inspector D. Replace utility pipes

RECAP
DIRECTION: Identity what type of map is in the picture?

LESSON
How do we prevent this type of incident? Are you ready for this type of hazard? What will you do if it happens
in your community?
 Figure 1 Barangay Ucab, Benguet Landslides

Typhon Ondoy triggered the landslides leaving 100 miners buried alive.

Mitigation- is the action of reducing the severity or seriousness of an event or in geological hazards, it
pertains to reducing the loss of life and property by lessening the impact of the disaster.

Mitigation strategies in Landslides

1. Hazards mapping- locate areas that are prone to landslides. This will be used to avoid the
construction of a residential area.
2. Retaining walls- can be created to stop the land from slipping this is usually found in road and hill
station
3. Surface drainage control works- use to prevent the movement of land due to infiltration of
rainwater
4. Build a strong foundation that can withstand the movement of soil
5. Underground installations should be flexible to move during landslides
6. Increase vegetation cover- plants hold the soil that prevents erosion
7. Flattening the slope- it prevents soil movement downwards due to gravity
8. Installing geotextile to prevent the land to move or avoid erosion
9. Rockfall barriers are installed to catch big rocks that can fall in the slope
10. Development of restrictions and moratoriums to the area that is prone to landslides

Mitigation in Sinkhole
1. Hire a building inspector- A land inspector will be able to survey your land and beneath it and
they can tell you if it is at risk in a sinkhole
2. Replace old utility pipes- old water pipes can create a leak that can dissolve rocks that cause a
sinkhole
3. Install support pliers – these pliers help to support the house in case of the sinkhole
4. Chemical grouting is a process which it injects chemicals in the ground that fill the cracks and
loose soil
5. Report sinking roadways

What to do before, during and after Landslides

Before a Landslides
1. Ground assessment should be done in your property
2. Assess if your area is prone to landslides
3. The evacuation plan should be prepared
4. Plan trees and vegetation that will stabilize the soil in slope areas
5. Look for the changes to your surrounding like fence or wall leaning
6. When driving to slope areas, drive with your windows down and no music, so that you can hear
any strange noise like cracking of rocks and trees these are warning signs for possibility of
landslides
7. Also while driving observe if you see an abnormal amount of leaves from trees falling it could be
a signal for landslides

During a Landslides
1. If you are inside building stay inside, don't leave your home unless it was officially safe
2. If you are in outdoors get to the nearest high ground away to the direction of the
landslides
3. If you are in the river leave the area immediately
4. If you are driving, look out for falling debris

After a Landslides
1. Do not return to the area that just experiences landslides since there may be additional
landslides
2. Flooding may occur after a landslides
3. Assist individuals especially to children and elderly
4. Check the property for any damage
5. Check for any damaged of utility lines such as water and electricity
6. Replant the damaged ground to prevent soil erosion

Emergency Action in Sinkhole

If you are in a public area
1. Evacuate immediately
2. Do not go to the sinkhole
3. Call emergency service
4. Raise awareness about the sinkhole

If you are in a residential area

1. Evacuate immediately
2. Do not get to close to the sinkhole
3. Call emergency services
4. Check for any property damages

We need to also prepare a “Basic Disaster Supplies Kit” in case we encounter the following geological
hazards. This kit should last 72hours.

A basic emergency supply kit includes the following

1. Water
2. Food
3. Battery-powered radio
4. Flashlight
5. First aid kit
6. Extra batteries
7. Whistle (to signal for help)
8. Dust mask (to help filter contaminated air)
9. Plastic sheeting and duct tape
10. Moist towelettes, garbage bags and plastic ties (for personal sanitation)
11. Wrench or pliers
12. Manual can opener (for food)
13. Local maps
14. Cell phone with chargers and a backup battery

ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY 1
DIRECTIONS: Write L if the statement is mitigation strategies for Landslide and S for sinkhole

1. Hire a building inspector

2. Hazards mapping
3. Retaining wall
4. Surface drainage control works
5. Replace an old utility pipes
6. Build a strong foundation
7. Install support pliers
8. Underground installations should be flexible to move
9. Increase vegetation cover
10. Chemical grouting
11. Flattening the slope
12. Installing geotextile
13. Rockfall barriers are installed
14. Development of restrictions and moratoriums to the area
15. Report sinking roadways

ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTIONS: Find out the basic supplies to include in your Emergency Disaster Kit.
ACTIVITY 3
DIRECTIONS: Complete the crossword puzzle below.

Across
1. A process which it injects chemicals in the ground that fill the cracks and loose soil
4. Created to stop the land from slipping this is usually found in road and hill station
5. Installed to catch big rocks that can fall in the slope
6. Use to prevent the movement of land due to infiltration of rainwater
7. It prevents soil movement downwards due to gravity
8. Plants hold the soil that prevents erosion
Down
2. Help to support the house in case of the sinkhole
3. Locate areas that are prone in a landslide
WRAP-UP
DIRECTIONS: Make a Chart of Emergency Preparedness Plan for a landslides scenario. Choose from the
items below appropriate for each column.
Before During After

1. Ground assessment should be done in your property

2. Plan trees and vegetation that will stabilize the soil in slope areas
3. If you are inside building stay inside, don't leave your home unless it was officially safe
4. Check the property for any damage
5. Check for any damaged of utility lines such as water and electricity
6. If you are driving, look out for falling debris
7. Look for the changes to your surrounding like fence or wall leaning
8. An evacuation plan should be prepared
9. If you are in outdoors get to the nearest high ground away to the direction of the landslides
10. Check for any damaged of utility lines such as water and electricity

VALUING
What is the importance of the emergency preparedness plan in any geological hazards?

POSTTEST
DIRECTIONS: Circle the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. This will help to stop the land from slipping
A. Retaining wall C. Strong foundation
B. Rock barriers D. Underground installation
2. The following are mitigation for Landslides EXCEPT?
A. Hazards mapping C. Installing geotextile
B. Increase vegetation D. Install support pliers
3. In what phase of mitigation strategies where the ground assessment should be done?
A. After a landslides C. During a Landslides
B. Before a landslides D. None of the above
4. Which of the following you should NOT do before a landslide?
A. Assess if your area is prone to landslides C. An evacuation plan should be prepared
B. Check for property damaged D. Plant trees and vegetation
5. Which of the following is NOT recommended to do in an emergency plan in the sinkhole?
A. Evacuate immediately C. Look to the sinkhole
B. Call emergency services D. Raise awareness about the sinkhole

CREDITS TO:
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION