Aci - 117 Espanol

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
9 E //5+/.
MYUhhgnYX 0./3
A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU

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Um` mnql` ACI
Imenql`cn onq dk Cnlhs ACI 117
- - ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, ---
Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

IHS M`qjhs aìn khbdmbh` bnm ACI Lhbdmbh`s`qhn = IENOVA INFRAESTRUCTURA ENERGETICA / 8159324001, Urt`qhn = P`qq`, Gàqhdk Nn o`q` qdudms`,
Qtdc` oqnghahc` k` qdoqnctbbhám n qdcdr odqlhshc` rhm khbdmbh` cd IHS 29/11/2018 14:24:57 MST
Downloaded by Javier ([email protected])
lOMoARcPSD|20969055
loqdrh
itmhn 201
A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU gf ljmWWbzf q HUlYjbUdY XY gfWjYlg

q WgeYflUjbg
Lnr cdqdbgnr cd `tsnq onq dk Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd, F`qlhmfsnm Hhkkr, Mhbghf`m. Tncnr knr cdqdbgnr qdrdqu`cnr. Ersd l`sdqh`k mn otdcd rdq qdoqnctbhcn n
bnoh`cn, dm rt sns`khc`c n dm o`qsd, dm bt`kpthdq hloqdrn, ldb¿mhbnr, dkdbsqámhbnr, odk btk`, t nsqnr ldchnr cd chrsqhatbhám x `kl`bdm`lhdmsn, rhm dk bnmrdmshlhdmsn
onq drbqhsn cd ACI.
Lnr bnlhs r s bmhbnr qdronmràkdr cd knr hmenqldr x k`r mnql`r o`q` dk bnlhs ACI rd dretdqy`m onq duhs`q `lahfídc`cdr, nlhrhnmdr x dqqnqdr
dm drsnr cnbtldmsnr. A odr`q cd drsnr dretdqynr, knr trt`qhnr cd cnbtldmsnr cd ACI dm nb`rhnmdr dmbnmsq`q hmenql`bhám n qdpthrhsnr ptd
otdc`m rdq naidsn cd l¿r cd tm` hmsdqoqds`bhám n otdcd rdq hmbnlokds` n hmbnqqdbs`. Lnr trt`qhnr ptd shdmdm rtfdqdmbh`r o`q` k` ldinq` cd knr
cnbtldmsnr cd ACI rd rnkhbhs` ` onmdqrd dm bnms`bsn bnm dk ACI. Ek trn `cdbt`cn cd drsd cnbtldmsn hmbktxd k` bnloqna`bhám odqháchb` cd
dqq`s`r dm dk
ooo,WgfWjYlY,gj -WgeebllYY -YjjUlU,U h o`q` k` l`xnq ` cd k`r qduhrhnmdr dm l`qbg` g`rs` k` edbg`.
knr cnbtldmsnr cdk Cnlhs ACI drs¿m cdrshm`c`r o`q` dk trn cd k`r odqrnm`r ptd rnm bnlodsdmsdr o`q` du`kt`q k` hlonqs`mbh` x k`r
khlhs`bhnmdr cd rt bnmsdmhcn x qdbnldmc`bhnmdr x ptd `bdos`q¿ k` qdronmràhkhc`c cd k` òkhb`bhám cdk l`sdqh`k ptd bnmshdmd. L`r odqrnm`r ptd
tr`m drs` otakhb`bhám cd mhmftm` l`mdq` `rtldm sncnr knr qhdrfnr x `bdos`q k` qdronmràhkhc`c sns`k o`q` k` òkhb`bhám x trn cd drs`
hmenql`bhám.
Tnc` k` hmenql`bhám dm drs` otakhb`bhám rd oqnonqbhnm` üs`k bt`k rhm f`q`ms ` cd mhmfém shon, x` rd` dwoqdr` n hlok bhs`, hmbktxdmcn odqn mn
khlhs`cn `, k`r f`q`ms `r hlok bhs`r cd bnldqbhàhkhc`c, `cdbt`bhám o`q` tm oqnoárhsn o`qshbtk`q n mn hmeq`bbhám.
ACI x rtr lhdlaqnr qdbg`y`m snc` qdronmràhkhc`c onq c`×nr cd bt`kpthdq shon, hmbktxdmcn c`×nr drodbh`kdr, hmchqdbsnr, hmbhcdms`kdr n bnmrdbtdmsdr,
hmbktxdmcn, rhm khlhs`bhám, o qchc` cd hmfqdrnr n o qchc` cd admdehbhnr, ptd otdc`m cdqhu`qrd cd k` tshkhy`bhám cd drs` otakhb`bhám.
Er qdronmràhkhc`c cdk trt`qhn cd drsd cnbtldmsn o`q` drsàkdbdq k`r oq¿bshb`r cd rdftqhc`c d ghfhdmd `cdbt`c`r ` k`r bhqbtmrs`mbh`r
drodb ehb`r hmunktbq`c`r bnm rt trn. ACI mn g`bd mhmftm` qdoqdrdms`bhám bnm qdrodbsn ` k`r btdrshnmdr cd r`ktc x rdftqhc`c x dk trn cd drsd
cnbtldmsn. Ek trt`qhn cdad cdsdqlhm`q k` òkhbàhkhc`c cd snc`r k`r khlhs`bhnmdr qdftk`cnq`r `msdr cd òkhb`q dk cnbtldmsn x cdad btlokhq bnm
snc`r k`r kdxdr x qdfk`ldmsnr òkhbàkdr, hmbktxdmcn, odqn mn khlhs`cn `, k`r mnql`r cd r`ktc x rdftqhc`c Ers`cnr Umhcnr Sdftqhc`c x S`ktc
Obto`bhnm`k Hd`ksg Aclhmhrsq`shnm (OSHA).
Ef gjeUWbzf XYd hYXbXg8 ACI cnbtldmsnr drs¿m chronmhakdr dm enql` hloqdr`, onq cdrb`qf`, dm CD-ROM, ` sqù r cd rtrbqhobhám dkdbsqámhb`, n qdoqnctbhcn x otdcdm
nasdmdqrd onmh mcnrd dm bnms`bsn bnm dk ACI.
L` l`xnq ` cd k`r mnql`r ACI x knr hmenqldr cd knr bnlhs r rd qdémdm dm dk `×n qduhr`c` HUfmUd XY jvWlbWU XY agjeb zf 9 E MCP).
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ISBN 978-0-87031-379-0
lOMoARcPSD|20969055
Um` udqrhám l sqhb` cd drsd cnbtldmsn (ACI 117M-10) drs¿ 9 E //5+/.

chronmhakd dm ooo,WgfWjYlY,gj 9hjgVUXU XY fmYng Yf 0./3
A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU OgdYjUfWbU hUjU Wgf ljmWWbgfY XY

agjeb zf q HUlYjbUdY 9 E //5+/.
q geYflUjbg 9 E //5M+/.
Um` mnql` ACI Imenql`cn onq
dk Cnlhs ACI 117
Ekcnm G. utdkbn Sbnss Mhbg`dk Amcdqrnm

Shkk` Sdbqds`qhn
Sbnss M. Amcdqrnm C`q` Akkdm Dnm`kc M. M`qb`r Dùhc N. Pdsdqrnm
K`qk J. B`jjd Rnadqs A. H`kunqrnm Rnrr S. M`qshm Whkkh`l S. Pgdk`m
Dùhc K. k`rsqd M`qj G. Jnrsdm Ssdudm W. MbCq`qx B. Dtjd otmsdqn
Bqx`m M. Bhqcvdkk Rhbg`qc L. Kmnw Aqsgtq W. MbKhmmdx Pdsdq J. Rtsstq`
Gqdfnqx P. Bhqkdx Jdee L. L`Rtd Cnkhm T. Mhkadqf Mhbg`dk J. Sbgmdhcdq
Tgnl`r J. Dnvmr Mhbg`dk W. Ldd Whkkh`l R. N`rg Bqtbd A. Stoqdm`ms
Rnm Ekcqhcfd Mhbg`dk L. Ldlhmf Bna L. P`xmd Mhbg`dk A. Wdrs
A hYWb bWUWbzf bfgh b 8 A lU Y hYWb bWUWbzf hjghgjWbgfU lgdYjUfWbU Y lvfXUj hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q eUlYjbUdY XY agjeb zf, A lY XgWmeYflg Y lv XY lbfUXg U Yj mlbdbrUXg hgj dg jYXUWlgjY XY Y hYWb bWUWbgfY q
fgjeU XY Y WjblmjU Wgeblw 9 E Wgeg Yd XgWmeYflg XY jY YjYfWbU hUjU Yd Y lUVdYWbebYflg XY lgdYjUfWbU XY Wgf ljmWWbzf q eUlYjbUdY XY agjeb zf,
rhmnorhr Cnldms`qhn: Ersd hmenqld dr tm bnldms`qhn rnaqd knr üL`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cd snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k` Cnmrsqtbbhám x M`sdqh`kdr cd Cnmbqdsn (ACI 117) Ers¿ cdrshm`cn ` rdq tshkhy`cn bnm ACI 117 o`q` l`xnq bk`qhc`c
cd k` hmsdqoqds`bhám x bnloqdmrhám cd k` hmsdmbhám cd k` Cnlhrhám rnaqd k` òkhb`bhám cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r drsàkdbhc`r dm knr lhrlnr.
hUdUVjU WdUnY8 gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn; gnqlhfám; bnmrsqtbbhám; dla`qb`cdqnr odqenq`cnr; dmbneq`cn; Ftmc`bhám; gnqlhfám dm l`r`; ltdkkd; gnqlhfám oqdsdmr`cn; bnmbqdsn qdenqy`cn; qdenqy`lhdmsn; drodbhehb`bhám;
dlo`kld; shks-to gnqlhfám; snkdq`mbh`r.
ACI 117 Erodbhehb`bhám x bnldms`qhn rd oqdrdms`m dm tm enql`sn cd bnktlm` cd k`cn
Imenqldr cdk Cnlhs ACI, ft `r, l`mt`kdr, x bnldms`qhnr drs¿m cdrshm`cnr o`q` k` rhcdax, bnm sdwsn cd báchfn bnknb`cn dm k` bnktlm` cd k` hypthdqc` x dk sdwsn bnldms`qhn
bnqqdronmchdmsd `khmd`cn dm k` bnktlm` cd k` cdqdbg`. P`q` chrshmfthq k` drodbhehb`bhám cdk
nqhdms`bhám dm k` ok`mhehb`bhám, chrd×n, didbtbhám, x k` hmrodbbhám cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám.
bnldms`qhn, k` drodbhehb`bhám g` rhcn hloqdrn dm Hdkudshb`, ptd dr dk shon cd kdsq` o`q` dk
Ersd cnbtldmsn drs¿ cdrshm`cn o`q` dk trn cd k`r odqrnm`r ptd rnm bnlodsdmsdr
oqdrdmsd o¿qqèn.
o`q` du`kt`q k` hlonqs`mbh` x k`r khlhs`bhnmdr cd rt bnmsdmhcn x qdbnldmc`bhnmdr x
ptd `bdos`q¿ k` qdronmràhkhc`c cd k` òkhb`bhám cdk l`sdqh`k ptd bnmshdmd. Ek
Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd rd dwhld cd snc` qdronmràhkhc`c ` knr oqhmbhohnr Ek Cnldms`qhn rd hloqhld dm k` onb` qnl`m`, ptd dr dk shon cd kdsq` o`q` dk oqdrdmsd o¿qqèn.
drsàkdbhcnr. Ek Imrshstsn mn rdq¿ qdronmràkd onq bt`kpthdq o qchc` n c`×nr knr méldqnr cd rdbbhám bnldms`qhnr rnm oqdbdchcnr onq k` kdsq` üR o`q` chrshmfthqknr cd knr
cdqhu`cnr. Nn rd g`q¿ qdedqdmbh` ` drsd cnbtldmsn dm knr cnbtldmsnr cdk bnmsq`sn. méldqnr cd rdbbhám drodbhehb`bhám. Ek bnldms`qhn mn dr tm` o`qsd cd ACI 117-10
Sh knr `qs btknr ptd rd dmbtdmsq`m dm drsd cnbtldmsn rnm cdrd`cnr onq dk `qpthsdbsn Erodbhehb`bhám.
/ hmfdmhdqn o`q` rdq tm` o`qsd cd knr cnbtldmsnr cdk bnmsq`sn, cdadq¿m rdq naidsn cd
lnchehb`bhám dm k` kdmft` nakhf`snqh` o`q` rt hmbnqonq`bhám onq dk `qpthsdbsn / ACI 117-10 qddlok`y` ACI 117-06 x etd `cnos`cn dk 1 cd l`qyn cd 2010 x otakhb`cn dm itmhn cd 2010.
hmfdmhdqn.
Cnoxqhfgs 2010, Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd. Tncnr knr cdqdbgnr qdrdqu`cnr hmbktxdmcn knr cdqdbgnr cd qdoqnctbbhám x dk
trn cd bt`kpthdq enql` n onq bt`kpthdq ldchn, hmbktxdmcn k` qd`khy`bhám cd bnoh`r cd bt`kpthdq oqnbdrn cd ensn, n onq dk
chronrhshun dkdbsqámhbn n ldb¿mhbn, hloqdr`, drbqhs` n nq`k, n k` fqà`bhám cd rnmhcn n qdoqnctbbhám uhrt`k n o`q` tshkhy`q dm
bt`kpthdq rhrsdl` cd bnmnbhlhdmsn n cd qdbtodq`bhám n chronrhshun, ` ldmnr ptd dk odqlhrn onq drbqhsn rd nashdmd cd knr
oqnohds`qhnr cd cdqdbgnr cd `tsnq.
Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq /

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
0 AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
JIOAIE J cdruh`bhám 8,2-Hnqhynms`k

EfljgXmWWbzf) h, 1 cdruh`bhám 8,3-Vdqshb`k
chldmrhám 8,4-Tq`mrudqr`k
NYWWbzf /+jYimb blg YfYjUdY ) h, 3
8,5-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám
1,1-Sbnod
1.2 Rdpthrhsnr
NYWWbzf jYnY lbebYflg 7+ UfUd) h, 35
1,3-Ddehmhbhnmdr
cdruh`bhám cd 9,1-Hnqhynms`k
1.4 bnm qdedqdmbh` ` k`r mnql`r
cdruh`bhám 9,2-Vdqshb`k
chldmrhnmdr 9,3-sq`mrudqr`kdr
NYWWbzf 0+HUlYjbUd ) h, /1
2,1-Rdetdqyn cd k` eàqhb`bhám cd `bdqn x dk bnmitmsn
NYWWbzf /.+HgfgdblabW l fYdY ) b gfY ) WgfXmWlg ) q nYjlYXYjg )
tahb`bhám 2,2-Rdetdqyn
h+ljUf hgjlY XY U mU, 37
2.3 Cnknb`bhám cd knr dkdldmsnr hmsdfq`cnr, bnm dwbktrhám cd k`r drohf`r dm knr`r rnaqd
cdruh`bhám 10.1-Hnqhynms`k
sdqqdmn
cdruh`bhám 10.2-Vdqshb`k
cnrhehb`bhám cd 2.4 Hnqlhfám
chldmrhnmdr 10.3-sq`mrudqr`kdr
oqnohdc`cdr 2,5-Cnmbqdsn
10.4-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám
NYWWbzf 1+BmfXUeYflg ) h, 03 NYWWbzf //+ U l+bf+hdUWY hmYflY ) h, 4/

3.1-L` cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c` 11.1-L` cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c`
3.2 L` cdruh`bhám cd k` tahb`bhám
cdruh`bhám 11.2-Hnqhynms`k
3,3-Ddruh`bhám cd dkdu`bhám
cdruh`bhám 11.3-Vdqshb`k
3,4-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám
11.4 cd knmfhstc, `mbgtq`, n k` oqnetmchc`c cd knr dkdldmsnr drodbhehb`cnr
3,5-Ddruh`bhám cd chldmrhnmdr cd rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k cd k`r etmc`bhnmdr
11.5-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám
btahdqs` cd qdetdqyn 11.6-Ctahdqs`
`klng`chkk`r cd 11.7 Tdmhdmcn
NYWWbzf XY WgfWjYlg XY 2 egdXYUXU Yf Yd dm Uj hUjU dg YXb bWbg ) h, 1/
4,1-cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c`
NYWWbzf hUnbeYflg q UWYjU XY /0 AplYjbgj)
4,2-Ddruh`bhám cd tahb`bhám hU , 41
4.3 Nn rd tr` cdruh`bhám 12.1-Hnqhynms`k
4,4-Ddruh`bhám cd dkdu`bhám cdruh`bhám 12.2-Vdqshb`k cd rtodqehbhd
4,5-Ddruh`bhám cd chldmrhnmdr cd rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k
4,6-Ddruh`bhám cd k` `mbgtq` cd k` àdqstq` enql`c` n `kstq` NYWWbzf /1+WabeYfYU q lgjjY XY jY jb YjUWbzf)
4,7-Ddruh`bhám cd dkdu`bhnmdr qdk`shu`r n `mbgtq`r o`q` drb`kdq`r hU , Y YflU q WbfWg
13.1-L` cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c`
4,8-cdruh`bhám cd odmchdmsd n ùhám
4,9-rdftdsd`cn oqnetmchc`c dm knr` dm ok`ms` ch¿ldsqn cd k` bnmbg` 13.2-Ftdq`
drodrnq 13.3-W`kk
NYWWbzf 3+ U l Yf Yd dm Uj WgfWjYlg Yf dU bflYj Ur Wgf YdYeYflg hjY UVjbWUXg XY

agjeb zf Wgf YpWYhWbzf XY WgfWjYlg hjY UVjbWUXg ) h, 23 NYWWbzf /2+ U l+bf+hdUWY lmVYjxU fg jY gjrUXU) h, 45
5.1 L` cdruh`bhám cd gnqlhfám dkdu`bhám-u`bh`cn dm dk ktf`q drodrnq cd o`qdc 14.1
5.2 L` cdruh`bhám cd gnqlhfám tahb`bhám-lnkcd`cn dm dk ktf`q ch¿ldsqn 14,2-Phod

5,3-Ddruh`bhám cd gnqlhfám chldmrhám-b`rs-hm-ok`bd 14.3-Ddrok`y`lhdmsnr
5,4-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám dm dk bnihmdsd cd gnqlhfám rtodqehbhd-b`rs-hmok`bd hmcdms`bhnmdr 14.4 cd rtodqehbhd
lhcd dm knmfhstc n `mbgtq` cd k` rtodqehbhd cd ònxn 14.5-Gq`cd x `khmd`bhám

b` c` cd 14.6 Cnmbqdsn
NYWWbzf 4+eUehg lYjxU) h, 3/ NYWWbzf /3+Obdl+mh agjeb zf) h, 47

Ers` rdbbhám rd g` dkhlhm`cn. enql`mcn 15.1-P`mdk
15.2-L` cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c`
NYWWbzf 5+ U l+bf+hdUWY) YdYeYflg XY Wgf ljmWWbzf dbh gjeYX 15.3-Ddruh`bhám cd dkdu`bhám

nYjlbWUdeYflY) h, 31 15,4 Ddruh`bhám cd tahb`bhám
7,1-Ddruh`bhám cd oknl`c` o`q` dchehbhnr x mébkdnr
15.5-cdruh`bhám cd odmchdmsd n ùhám
cdruh`bhám 7,2-Hnqhynms`k
15,6 Ddruh`bhám cd `mbgtq`r qdk`shu`r
chldmrhnmdr 7,3-sq`mrudqr`kdr
7,4-Aadqstq`r ` sqù r cd dkdldmsnr IglU U imbYf Y hYWb bWU) h, 51
7.5 Eladccdc-ok`b`r Nns`r fdmdq`kdr
7,6-Ddruh`bhám cd oknl`c` o`q` rhknr rkhoenqldc x itloenqldc
jzdg g U dU db lU XY WgehjgVUWbzf) h, Gb lU XY nYjb bWUWbzf 53
MYimb blg gVdb Ulgjbg ) h, Gb lU XY nYjb bWUWbzf 53 MYimb blg

NYWWbzf 6+eU U XY agjeb zf) h, 33
8,1-cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c` ghWbgfUdY ) h, 54

IHS M`qjhs aìn khbdmbh` bnm ACI
Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd cdqdbgnr cd `tsnq M`sdqh`k-vvv.bnmbqdsd.nqf
Lhbdmbh`s`qhn = IENOVA INFRAESTRUCTURA ENERGETICA / 8159324001, Urt`qhn = P`qq`, Gàqhdk Nn o`q` qdudms`,
lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. T JHAIO9MEJ 1
EIOMJ P EuI
AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ
Ersd bnldms`qhn rd qdehdqd ` k` ehm`khc`c cdk bnldms`qhn dr dk cd oqnonqbhnm`q

tm bnlokdldmsn hktrsq`shun x m`qq`shu` bnm k` drodbhehb`bhám üErodbhehb`bhnmdr
o`q` Tnkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd gnqlhfám x M`sdqh`kdr (ACI
117-10). ; mn dr tm` o`qsd cd k` drodbhehb`bhám.
Nhmftm` drsqtbstq` dr dw`bs`ldmsd `k lhrln mhudk, ` oknln, qdbsn, x udqc`cdqn.

L`r snkdq`mbh`r rnm tm ldchn o`q` drsàkdbdq k` u`qh`bhám odqlhrhakd dm chldmrhám
x tahb`bhám, c`mcn s`msn dk chrd×`cnq x knr k lhsdr cdmsqn cd knr bt`kdr knr
bnmsq`shrs`r dk sqàìn rd u` ` qd`khy`q. Ekknr rnm knr ldchnr onq knr ptd dk
chrd×`cnq sq`mrlhsd `k bnmsq`shrs` k`r dwodbs`shu`r cd qdmchlhdmsn rnaqd k` ptd rd
a`r` dk chrd×n n ptd dk oqnxdbsn qdpthdqd. T`kdr snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r cdadm
qdekdi`q rtotdrsnr cd chrd×n x mdbdrhc`cdr cdk oqnxdbsn, mn rdq mh dwbdrhu`ldmsd
qdrsqhbshu` mh hmctkfdmsd.
Ndbdrhc`c l¿r ptd bnmudmhdmbh` cdad rdq k` a`rd cd k` rdkdbbhám cd

snkdq`mbh`r.
Cnln dk s stkn üErodbhehb`bhnmdr o`q` Tnkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd

gnqlhfám x M`sdqh`kdr (ACI 117) hlokhb`, k`r snkdq`mbh`r c`c`r rnm snkdq`mbh`r
drs¿mc`q n gàhst`kdr ptd rd òkhb`m ` chudqrnr shonr x trnr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd
gnqlhfám. Sd a`r`m dm k`r mdbdrhc`cdr mnql`kdr x s bmhb`r cd bnmrsqtbbhám
bnlém x oq¿bshb`r. snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r dm cdr`btdqcn bnm knr u`knqdr
drs¿mc`q otdcdm b`tr`q s`msn knr `tldmsnr x k`r chrlhmtbhnmdr dm dk bnrsn cd k`
bnmrsqtbbhám.
uhàhkhc`c dbnmálhb` -Ek fq`cn drodb ehbn cd bdqsdy` shdmd tm hlo`bsn chqdbsn dm
dk bnrsn cd oqnctbbhám x dk l sncn cd bnmrsqtbbhám. Em fdmdq`k, bt`msn l`xnq
fq`cn cd oqdbhrhám cd bnmrsqtbbhám mdbdr`qh`, l`xnq rdq¿ dk bnrsd cd
bnmrsqtbbhám, x ldmnq dk fq`cn cd oqdbhrhám cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám, l`xnq rdq¿ dk
bnrsn cd k`r qdo`q`bhnmdr mdbdr`qh`r.
Rdk`bhám cd sncnr knr bnlonmdmsdr -Ek fq`cn qdptdqhcn cd oqdbhrhám cd k`r ohdy`r
hmchuhct`kdr otdcd drs`q hmektdmbh`c` onq k`r tmhc`cdr `cx`bdmsdr x l`sdqh`kdr,
cds`kkdr cd bnmitmsnr x cd bnmdwhám, x k` onrhahkhc`c cd k` `btltk`bhám cd
snkdq`mbh`r dm k`r chldmrhnmdr bq shb`r.
L`r s bmhb`r cd bnmrsqtbbhám -L` uhàhkhc`c cd tm` snkdq`mbh` cdodmcd cd k`

`qsdr`m ` chronmhakd, k` sdbmnknf `, knr l`sdqh`kdr x k` fdrshám cd oqnxdbsnr.
Cnlo`shahkhc`c -Ddrhfmdqr Sd `cuhdqsd ` tshkhy`q `bà`cnr `qpthsdbsámhbnr x

cds`kkdr ptd rnm bnlo`shakdr bnm dk shon x dk l sncn oqduhrsn cd k`
bnmrsqtbbhám. Ek `bà`cn x knr cds`kkdr `qpthsdbsámhbnr tshkhy`cnr cdadm rdq
bnlo`shakdr bnm k`r snkdq`mbh`r bnmbqds`r `kb`myàkdr.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
GU jY YjYfWbU XY XgWmeYflg XY WgfljUlg
cnbtldmsnr cd drodbhehb`bhnmdr cd ACI -Lnr rhfthdmsdr mnql`r Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd

Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`m qdpthrhsnr cd snkdq`mbh` nakhf`snqh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd
gnqlhfám x rd otdcd g`bdq qdedqdmbh` dm knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr: 117
Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` snkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd

gnqlhfám x l`sdqh`kdr x Cnldms`qhn
ITG-7 Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` Tnkdq`mbh`r o`q` Pqdb`rs Cnmbqdsd
301 Erodbhehb`bhnmdr o`q` Hnqlhfám Ersqtbstq`k
303,1 Erodbhehb`bhám drs¿mc`q o`q` gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn lnkcd`c` dm
dk ktf`q cnmcd
336,1 Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd ltdkkdr Pdqenq`cnr
TMS 602 / 530.1 /

ASCE 6 Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` drsqtbstq`r cd l`lonrsdq ` x
Cnldms`qhn
ACI cnbtldmsnr hmenql`shunr -Lnr cnbtldmsnr cd k`

rhfthdmcn knr bnlhs r Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd btaqhq k` oq¿bshb`, k` nqhdms`bhám
oqnbdchlhdmsnr, x dk drs`cn cd k` s bmhb` o`q` k`r b`sdfnq `r cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám ptd
rd dmtldq`m: Echehbhn fdmdq`k ...... ACI 302, 303, 304, 305, 311, 315, 336, 347
drsqtbstq`r drodbh`kdr .............. ACI 207, 307, 313, 325, 332, 334, 358 M`sdqh`kdr
.................. ................................................ 211, 223 Osqnr
................................................ ................................ 228

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI /+CAIAM9G MALPENEOJN
/)/+NWghY M/,/+NWghY
/,/,/ Ers` drodbhehb`bhám cdrhfm` snkdq`mbh`r drs¿mc`q o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd

gnqlhfám.
/,/,0 L`r snkdq`mbh`r hmchb`c`r fnahdqm`m ` ldmnr ptd rd drodbhehptd kn bnmsq`qhn. M/,/,0 Erodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh`r l¿r qdrsqhbshu`r o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám
drodbh`khy`cnr, s`kdr bnln gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn, ` ldmtcn qdrtks` dm tm
`tldmsn cd bnrsd x dk shdlon cd bnmrsqtbbhám l`sdqh`k.
Tnkdq`mbh`r dm drs` ldlnqh` cdrbqhoshu` rnm o`q` knr oqnbdchlhdmsnr s ohbnr cd
k` bnmrsqtbbhám x cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd gnqlhfám x rnm òkhbàkdr ` gnqlhfám `
k` uhrs` x `k gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn. Lnr l`sdqh`kdr ptd hmsdq`bsé`m bnm n rd
bnmdbs`m ` dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám otdcdm sdmdq qdpthrhsnr cd snkdq`mbh` ptd
mn rnm bnlo`shakdr bnm k`r bnmsdmhc`r dm drsd cnbtldmsn. Ers` drodbhehb`bhám
mn rd òkhb` ` drsqtbstq`r drodbh`khy`c`r, s`kdr bnln qd`bsnqdr mtbkd`qdr x
qdbhohdmsdr bnmsdmdcnqdr, bnmsdmdcnqdr, drsqtbstq`r bhqbtk`qdr oqdsdmr`cn, x k`
bnmrsqtbbhám cd uhuhdmc`r tmhe`lhkh`qdr. T`lah m mn rd òkhb` ` knr
oqdeàqhb`cnr cd gnqlhfám n cd gnqlhfám oqnxdbs`cn. L`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q`
bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd gnqlhfám drodbh`khy`cn ptd drs¿ etdq` cdk `kb`mbd cd drs`
drodbhehb`bhám cdadq¿ drodbhehb`qrd dm knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr.
/,/,1 rd oqnfq`l`q¿ x rd l`mshdmd `msdr cdk bnlhdmyn cd tm` rdqhd cd M/,/,1 qdtmhnmdr cd bnnqchm`bhám oqduh`r ` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd snkdq`mbh` oqnonqbhnm`m tm`
qdtmhnmdr cd bnnqchm`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` oqdbnmrsqtbbhám nonqstmhc`c o`q` ptd knr o`qshbho`msdr bkùd o`q` hcdmshehb`q x qdrnkudq knr oqnakdl`r cd
k` naq`. Ek bnmsq`shrs`, bnlo`shahkhc`c cd snkdq`mbh` `msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám.
rtabnmsq`shrs`r, oqnuddcnqdr cd l`sdqh`kdr, x nsq`r o`qsdr bkùd, drs`q¿

oqdrdmsd. Tnc`r k`r o`qsdr sdmcq¿m k` nonqstmhc`c cd hcdmshehb`q `kftm`
oqdftms` snkdq`mbh` x bnmekhbsnr ptd rnm òkhbàkdr ` k` naq` bnm knr
l`sdqh`kdr, dkdldmsnr oqdeàqhb`cnr, x dk sqàìn lnms`cn / hmrs`k`cn dm dk
b`lon onq dk bnmsq`shrs`.
/,0 MYimb blg M/,0+MYimb blg
/,0,/ bnmrsqtbbhám x l`sdqh`kdr cd gnqlhfám cdadm btlokhq bnm k`r Um didlokn cd tm` òkhb`bhám drodb ehb` ptd tshkhy` tm lékshokn cd `qs btknr bnm
snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r. snkdq`mbh`r ptd itmsnr oqnctbdm tm qdrtks`cn bnm snkdq`mbh` dr k` tahb`bhám cd k`
b`q` cd tm ltqn cd gnqlhfám. L` o`qdc shdmd tm` snkdq`mbh` dm k` tahb`bhám
(Sdbbhám 4.2.1), ldchc` dm k` a`rd cd k` o`qdc, x rd odqlhsd ` cdruh`qrd cdk
ok`mn drodbhehb`cn (Sdbbhnmdr 4.1 x 4.8.2). L` òkhb`bhám cd k` snkdq`mbh`
tahb`bhám (Sdbbhám 4.2.1) mn rd otdcd tshkhy`q o`q` `tldms`q k` snkdq`mbh` `

oknln bnmsdmhc` dm k` Sdbbhám 4.1. Ddk lhrln lncn, k` snkdq`mbh` dm dk drodrnq
lhdlaqn (Sdbbhám 4.5) mn rd kd odqlhshq¿ `tldms`q k` cns`bhám snkdq`mbh`
qdrtks`msd cd k` òkhb`bhám cd k`r Sdbbhnmdr 4.1, 4.2.1, x 4.8.2. Sh k` a`rd cd k`
o`qdc drs¿ hmbnqqdbs`ldmsd rhst`cn onq k` b`mshc`c l¿whl` odqlhshc` onq k`
Sdbbhám 4.2.1, ` bnmshmt`bhám, k` snkdq`mbh` cd oknl`c` (Sdbbhám 4.1) chbs` ptd
k` b`q` cd k` o`qdc rd ltdud cd mtdun g`bh` k` tahb`bhám bnqqdbs`, x ` tm`
udknbhc`c ptd mn dwbdc` cd kn chrotdrsn dm k` Sdbbhám 4.8.2. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf.
R1.2.3.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
4 A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg

Fhf. R1.2.3-trn cd lékshokdr cd dkdldmsnr cd tm` snkdq`mbh` ` chá qdrtks`cn bnm snkdq`mbh`.
/,0,0 Tnkdq`mbh`r mn rd dwsdmcdq¿m l¿r `kk¿ cd k` drsqtbstq` cd knr k lhsdr M/,0,0 Sh k` òkhb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh`r g`bd ptd k` dwsdmrhám cd k` drsqtbstq` l¿r
kdf`kdr. L`r snkdq`mbh`r rd lhcdm ` o`qshq cd knr otmsnr, k md`r x rtodqehbhdr `kk¿ cd knr k lhsdr kdf`kdr, dk `qpthsdbsn / hmfdmhdqn cdad rdq mnshehb`cn o`q`
cdehmhc`r dm knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. Sh k` òkhb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh`r hmhbh`q k` qdrnktbhám cd bnmekhbsnr.
g`bd ptd k` dwsdmrhám cd k` drsqtbstq` l¿r `kk¿ cd knr k lhsdr kdf`kdr, k`
snkdq`mbh` cdad rdq qdctbhc`.
/,0,1 Tnkdq`mbh`r mn rnm `btltk`shunr. L` snkdq`mbh` l¿r qdrsqhbshun M/,0,1 L`r `btltk`bhnmdr cd snkdq`mbh`r hmchuhct`kdr dm tm rnkn dkdldmsn mn rd
bnmsqnk`. cdadm tshkhy`q o`q` `tldms`q tm` snkdq`mbh` drsàkdbhc`. snkdq`mbh`r hmchuhct`kdr
rnm émhb`r o`q` rt òkhb`bhám drodb ehb` x mn rd cdadm bnlahm`q bnm nsq`r
snkdq`mbh`r o`q` enql`q tm rnaqd cd snkdq`mbh`. L`r snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r onq
rdo`q`cn cdadm odql`mdbdq rdo`q`cnr x mn `btltk`shu`.
C`c` snkdq`mbh` rd dmbtdmsq` rnkn dm k` du`kt`bhám cd k` `bdosàhkhc`c cd k`

bnmrsqtbbhám cd gnqlhfám. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R1.2.3.
/,0,2 Pktr (+) snkdq`mbh` `tldms` k` b`mshc`c n chldmrhám ` k` ptd rd òkhb`,

n ok`msd` tm` cdruh`bhám cd mhudk. Mdmnr (-) snkdq`mbh` chrlhmtxd k`
b`mshc`c n chldmrhám ` k` ptd rd òkhb`, n qdctbd tm` cdruh`bhám cd mhudk.
Ct`mcn rákn rd drodbhehb` tm snkdq`mbh` ehql`cn (+ n -), mn g`x tm`
snkdq`mbh` drodbhehb`c` dm k` chqdbbhám notdrs`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/,0,3 Sh rd dwbdcdm knr k lhsdr cd snkdq`mbh` dm drsd cnbtldmsn o`q` gnqlhfám M/,0,3 P`q` knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám o`q` gnqlhfám drsqtbstq`k, bnmrtksd ACI 301,
drsqtbstq`k, bnmrtksd Cnms`bsn Dnbtldmsnr o`q` knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám. Sdbbhám 1.7.
Pnq nsqn bnmbqdsn, dk Aqpthsdbsn / Imfdmhdqn oncq¿ `bdos`q dk dkdldmsn rh rd
btlokd tmn cd knr rhfthdmsdr bqhsdqhnr:
`) Stodq`bhám cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r mn èdbs` ` k` hmsdfqhc`c

drsqtbstq`k, knr k lhsdr kdf`kdr, n qdpthrhsnr `qpthsdbsámhbnr cdk
dkdldmsn; n
a) Ek dkdldmsn n bnmitmsn dqhfhcn sns`k otdcd rdq lnchehb`cnr o`q`

btlokhq bnm sncnr knr qdpthrhsnr drsqtbstq`kdr x `qpthsdbsámhbnr.
/)1+ Y bfbWbgfY M/,1+ Y bfbWbgfY
ACI oqnonqbhnm` tm` khrs` bnlokds` cd k`r cdehmhbhnmdr ` sqù r cd tm

qdbtqrn dm k md`, üACI Cnmbqdsd Tdqlhmnknf `,
gsso://sdqlhmnknfx.bnmbqdsd.nqf. Ddehmhbhnmdr ptd `pt rd bnlokdldms`m
drd qdbtqrn.
9jimblYWlg bf YfbYjg -`qpthsdbsámhbn ehqld, k` hmfdmhdq `

ehql`, n knr cnbtldmsnr cdk bnmsq`sn cd dlhrhám cd `qpthsdbstq` d
hmfdmhdq `, k` `clhmhrsq`bhám cd k` naq` aìn dk okhdfn cd bnmchbhnmdr, n
`la`r bnr`r (s`lah m kk`l`cn dmfhmddq`qbghsdbs).
Ujb lU -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.1.
Ujb lU -dk anqcd cd k` drpthm` dwsdqm` `ftcn ptd rd enql` dm k` tmhám cd

cnr ok`mnr n rtodqehbhdr.
jYnYjYfWbU -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.2.
jYnYjYfWbU -cduh`shnm cdk anqcd n k` rtodqehbhd cd tm dkdldmsn ok`mn cd tm` k md`

ptd o`r` ` sqù r cd bt`kpthdq` cd k`r cnr drpthm`r cdk dkdldmsn.
vjYU YimbnUdYflY VUj bfWdmbXg ¿qd` -sns`k cd a`qq`r cd qdetdqyn bnmsdmhc`r

dm dk g`y.
agjeb zf) YphmY lU rtodqehbhdr -bnmbqdsd enql`c`r cd l`mdq` ptd o`q` oqnctbhq
tm` sdwstq` `bdosàkd x sdqlhm`q o`q` k` dwonrhbhám odql`mdmsd o`q` udq.
gWmeYflg XYd WgfljUlg -Um bnmitmsn cd cnbtldmsnr rtlhmhrsq`cnr onq dk

oqnohds`qhn `k bnmsq`shrs` ptd rhqudm bnln a`rd o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám. Ersnr
cnbtldmsnr bnmshdmdm enql`r cd bnmsq`sn, k`r bnmchbhnmdr bnmsq`bst`kdr,
drodbhehb`bhnmdr, chatinr, `chbhnmdr x b`lahnr dm dk bnmsq`sn.
Fhf. R1.3.1-Aqqhr.
gfljUlb lU -k` odqrnm`, dloqdr` n dmshc`c aìn bnmsq`sn o`q` k`
bnmrsqtbbhám cd k` naq`.
Fhf. R1.3.2-S`ktcn `qs rshbn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
WmVjbj -k` ldmnr chrs`mbh` dmsqd k` rtodqehbhd cd qdetdqyn hmbqtrs`cn x k` WmVjbj -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.3.
rtodqehbhd cdk gnqlhfám.
XY nbUWbzf -S`khc` cdrcd tm otmsn drsàkdbhcn, tm` k md` n rtodqehbhd; XY nbUWbzf -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.4.
ldchcn mnql`k (odqodmchbtk`q) ` k` k md` cd qdedqdmbh` n rtodqehbhd.
XY nbUWbzf XY hdUfg chrs`mbh` -k` dmsqd tm otmsn dm tm ok`mn cd qdedqdmbh` XY nbUWbzf XY hdUfg -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.5 (`) x (a).
x dk otmsn bnqqdronmchdmsd dm dk ok`mn qd`k.
Fhf. R1.3.3-Cnudq.
Fhf. R1.3.4-Ddruh`bhám.
Fhf. R1.3.5-Ddruh`bhám cd ùhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
XY nbUWbzf) agjbrgflUd -S`khc` cdrcd tm otmsn drsàkdbhcn, tm` k md` n XY nbUWbzf) agjbrgflUd -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.6 (`), (a), x (b).
rtodqehbhd, ldchc` mnql`k (odqodmchbtk`q) ` tm` k md` udqshb`k ` sqù r cdk
otmsn cd hmsdq r.
XY nbUWbzf) nYjlbWUd -S`khc` cdrcd tm otmsn drsàkdbhcn, tm` k md` n XY nbUWbzf) nYjlbWUd -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.7 (`) x (a).
rtodqehbhd, ldchc` mnql`k (odqodmchbtk`q) ` tm` k md` gnqhynms`k ` sqù r
cdk otmsn cd hmsdq r.
Fhf. Ddruh`bhám R1.3.6-Hnqhynms`k.
Fhf. Ddruh`bhám R1.3.7-Vdqshb`k

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/. A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k, k` cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k, x k` cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c` rd

tshkhy`m hmchuhct`kldmsd o`q` drsàkdbdq tm rnaqd cd snkdq`mbh` o`q` b`c` shon cd
cdruh`bhám cdmsqn cd k` bt`k otdcdm nbtqqhq u`qh`bhnmdr `clhrhakdr. L` cdruh`bhám
cd ok`mn rd tshkhy` o`q` cdsdqlhm`q k` udknbhc`c cd b`lahn cd knr otmsnr
`cx`bdmsdr (snkdq`mbh` odmchdmsd) ptd nbtqqd cdmsqn cd k` dmunkudmsd cd k`
snkdq`mbh`. Dd drs` l`mdq`, k` odmchdmsd x k` rtùhc`c cd k`r rtodqehbhdr x k md`r
cdmsqn cd tm rnaqd cd snkdq`mbh` drs¿m bnmsqnk`c`r. Lnr b`lahnr àqtosnr s`kdr
bnln cdrok`y`lhdmsnr, cd rhdqq` cdms`cn, x odmchdmsd cd k`r k md`r x rtodqehbhdr
`cdbt`c`ldmsd rhst`cnr cdmsqn cd tm rnaqd cd snkdq`mbh` otdcdm rdq naidsàkd
o`q` dk gnqlhfám dwotdrs`. L` `khmd`bhám qdk`shu` `bdosàkd cd otmsnr rnaqd tm`
rtodqehbhd n k md` rd cdsdqlhm` ldch`msd dk trn cd tm` snkdq`mbh` odmchdmsd. Ek
trn dedbshun cd tm` snkdq`mbh` odmchdmsd qdpthdqd ptd k` chrs`mbh` drodb ehb` `
sqù r cd k` bt`k k` odmchdmsd rd u` ` ldchq rd drsàkdbd,
ddUfmjU -cduh`shnm cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd tm ùhám. ddUfmjU -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.8.
hbY -` dkdldmsn drsqtbstq`k cd tm` a`rd ptd sq`mrlhsd k`r b`qf`r

chqdbs`ldmsd `k rtdkn.
BmfXUWbzf -tm rhrsdl` cd dkdldmsnr drsqtbstq`kdr ptd sq`mrlhsdm k`r

b`qf`r cd k` drsqtbstq` `msdqhnq ` k` shdqq`.
jU -cduh`shnm cd tm` k md` n rtodqehbhd cd tm` k md` gnqhynms`k n rtodqehbhd. jU -CONSULTE ` k` Fhf. R1.3.8.
bVmcg XYd hjgqYWlg -fqòghb oqdrdms`bhám cd knr qdpthrhsnr cdk oqnxdbsn.
A hYWb bWUWbzf XYd hjgqYWlg -dk cnbtldmsn drbqhsn ptd cds`kk` knr
qdpthrhsnr o`q` dk sqàìn, cd bnmenqlhc`c bnm knr o`q¿ldsqnr cd rdquhbhn x
nsqnr bqhsdqhnr drodb ehbnr.
lgdYjUfWbU -k` odqlhshcn cdruh`bhám cd tm` chldmrhám, k` tahb`bhám n

b`mshc`c drodbhehb`c`.
OjUVUcg -k` sns`khc`c cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám n o`qsdr hcdmshehbàkdr onq rdo`q`cn cd knr lhrlnr
qdpthdqd o`q` rdq oqnonqbhnm`c` dm uhqstc cd cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr.

- - ZZ ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ ,,, ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, ---
Fhf. R1.3.8-ok`mdhc`c x mhudk`bhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg //
fgjeU XY /,2 MY YjYfWbU M/,2+jY YjYfWbU bf gjeUlbnU
9NOH EflYjfUlbgfUd Lnr cnbtldmsnr ptd rd hmchb`m ` bnmshmt`bhám rd qduhr`m bnm eqdbtdmbh`. Sd `bnmrdi` `k
C94 / C94M-09 Erodbhehb`bhám drs¿mc`q o`q` gnqlhfám kdbsnq dm bnms`bsn bnm dk fqton o`sqnbhm`cnq `cdbt`cn rh rd cdrd` g`bdq qdedqdmbh` ` k`
oqdldybk`cn ékshl` udqrhám.
C174 / C174M-06 Ss`mc`qc Pqtda` M sncn o`q`
Mdchq dk drodrnq cd knr dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd

bnm odqenq`cn mébkdnr cd gnqlhfám 301 Erodbhehb`bhnmdr o`q` Hnqlhfám Ersqtbstq`k
Gt ` 304.6R o`q` dk Urn cd unktl sqhb` cd ldchbhám x
C1383-04 Ers¿mc`q Pqtda` M sncn o`q` L` ldybk` bnmshmt` cd gnqlhfám Epthon
L` ldchbhám cd k` udknbhc`c o`q` k` Omc` P x dk 318 Lnr báchfnr cd bnmrsqtbbhám o`q` gnqlhfám drsqtbstq`k x
drodrnq cd k`r ok`b`r cd gnqlhfám bnm dk bnldms`qhn
Ilo`bsn-Ebn M sncn
D4748-06 M sncn cd oqtda` drs¿mc`q o`q` cdsdqlhm`q dk Aldqhb`m Imrshstsd ne Ssddk Cnmrsqtbshnm
drodrnq cd bò`r cd oùhldmsn Bntmc Urn cdk Gt ` cd Dhrd×n 1: ok`b`r a`rd x V`qhkk` cd `mbkìd cd chrd×n
q`c`q cd bnqsn otkrn
Aldqhb`m Snbhdsx ne Cnmbqdsd Cnmsq`bsnqr

E1155-96 (2008) M sncn cd oqtda` drs¿mc`q o`q` Ddsdq- Ddbk`q`bhám cd onrhbhám # 14-Pdqmn cd `mbkìd snkdq`mbh`r
k` lhmdq ` F F Stdkn cd ok`mhstc x F L
Lnr méldqnr cd gnqhynms`khc`c cd ohrn ASTM Imsdqm`shnm`k
E1486-98 M sncn cd oqtda` (2004) drs¿mc`q o`q` Ddsdq- C685 / C685M Erodbhehb`bhám drs¿mc`q o`q` dk bnmbqdsn gdbgn onq
L`r snkdq`mbh`r cd lhmdq ` ohrn tr`mcn nmctk`bhám, Vnktl sqhb` cd knsdr x ldybk`cn bnmshmtn
sq`xdbsnqh` cd k` qtdc` x bqhsdqhnr cd gnqhynms`khc`c
P`q` gnqlhfám `ql`cn Ssddk Imrshstsd
10MSP M`mt`k cd Pq¿bshb`r Ers¿mc`q
Pqdeàqhb`cn / Pqdsdmr`cn Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd

M`mt`k MNL-116 o`q` bnmsqnk cd b`khc`c o`q` k`r ok`ms`r x
L` oqnctbbhám cd oqdeàqhb`cnr cd gnqlhfám drsqtbstq`k Pqnctbsnr
MNL-135 M`mt`k cd k` snkdq`mbh` o`q` Pqdeàqhb`cn x

L` bnmrsqtbbhám cd gnqlhfám oqdsdmr`cn
Rd`cx Mhwdc Cnmbqdsd Arrnbh`shnm N`bhnm`k

M`mt`k cd Cnmsqnk cd C`khc`c-Sdbbhám 3; Cdqshehb`bhám cd Rd`cx Mhwdc e¿aqhb`r
cd gnqlhfám (Lhrs` cd udqhehb`bhám)
Vnktl sqhb` ldybk`cnq Oehbhm` cd M`qb`r

VMMB 100 Nnql`r ldybk`cnq unktl sqhb`r cdk ldybk`cnq
Oehbhm` cd M`qb`r unktl sqhb`
Ers`r otakhb`bhnmdr rd otdcdm nasdmdq ` o`qshq cd:
Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd 38800

Cntmsqx Ckta Dqhud F`qlhmfsnm
Hhkkr, MI 48331 vvv.bnmbqdsd.nqf
Aldqhb`m Imrshstsd ne Ssddk Cnmrsqtbshnm Omd E`rs

W`bjdq Dq., Sthsd 700 Cghb`fn, IL 60601
vvv.`hrb.nqf

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/0 AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
Aldqhb`m Snbhdsx ne Cnmbqdsd Cnmsq`bsnqr 2025

Bqdmsvnnc Bkuc. Ss. Lnthr, MO 63144
vvv.`rbbnmkhmd.nqf
ASTM Imsdqm`shnm`k 100 B`qq H`qanq Dq.

Wdrs Cnmrgngnbjdm, PA 19428
vvv.`rsl.nqf
P`q` gnqlhfám `ql`cn Ssddk Imrshstsd 933

Nnqsd Pktl Gqnud Rc. Sbg`tlatqf, IL 60173

vvv.bqrh.nqf
Pqdeàqhb`cn / Pqdsdmr`cn Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd 200

W. Ac`lr Ss., # 2100 Cghb`fn, IL 60606
vvv.obh.nqf
Rd`cx Mhwdc Cnmbqdsd Arnbh`bhám N`bhnm`k 900 Soqhmf

Ssqdds Shkudq Soqhmf, MD 20910 vvv.mqlb`.nqf
Vnktl sqhb` ldybk`cnq Fàqhb`msdr Oehbhm` 900

Soqhmf Ssqdds Shkudq Soqhmf, MD 20910
vvv.ulla.nqf

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg /1
NYWWbzf 0+H9OAME9GAN
0)/+MY mYjrg XY dU UVjbWUWbzf XY UWYjg q Yd Wgfcmflg
P`q` k`r a`qq`r Nn. 3 ` sqù r cd 11 dm s`l`×n, u `rd k` Fhf. 2.1 (`).
P`q` k`r a`qq`r Nn. 14 x 18 dm s`l`×n, u `rd k` Fhf. 2.1 (a).

Bb , 0,/ U +A lvfXUj UVjbWUWbzf XY lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU VUjjU XY lUeUyg Ig, 1 U //, Bb mjU WgjlY xU XY agjeb zf XY jY mYjrg
NlYYd Ef lblmlY ,

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/2 A hYWb bWUWbgfY hUjU dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
Bb , 0,/ U Wgfl, + lgdYjUfWbU BUVjbWUlbf Y lvfXUj hUjU lUeUyg XY VUjjU Ig, 1 U //, Bb mjU WgjlY xU XY agjeb zf XY jY mYjrg NlYYd Ef lblmlY ,

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
Bb , 0,/ V +A lvfXUj lgdYjUfWbU imY UVjbWUf hUjU dU VUjjU XY lUeUyg Ig, /2 q /6, Bb mjU WgjlY xU XY agjeb zf XY jY mYjrg NlYYd Ef lblmlY ,

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
P`q` k`r a`qq`r Nn. 8 ` sqù r cd 18 cd s`l`×n tshkhy`cn dm dlo`kldr bnihmdsd cdk dwsqdln,
qdedqhqrd ` k` Fhf. 2.1 (b).
P`q` sncnr knr bnmitmsnr cd dlo`kld cd rnonqsd cd dwsqdln, u `rd k` Fhf. 2.1 (c).
P`q` sncnr knr s`l`×nr cd a`qq`r, drodbhehb`c` hmsdqhnq l mhln q`chn cd btqu`stq`
....................................... ............................. -0 dm.
Bb , 0,/ W XY nbUWbzf bfUd I eYjg evpbeg hUjU dU VUjjU Ig, 6 U ljUnw XY /6 XY

lUeUyg mlbdbrUXg Yf YehUdeY WgcbfYlY XYd YpljYeg, Bb mjU WgjlY xU XY agjeb zf XY
jY mYjrg NlYYd Ef lblmlY ,
Bb , 0,/ X I eYjg evpbeg amYWg egflUXg hUjU lgXU dU VUjjU mlbdbrUXg Yf

YehUdeY WgcbfYlY XYd YpljYeg, Bb mjU WgjlY xU XY agjeb zf XY jY mYjrg NlYYd Ef lblmlY ,

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
mVbWUWbzf 0)0+MY mYjrg mVbWUWbzf M0,0+MY mYjrg
L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` jY) bnln rd hmchb` dm ACI 318, dr o`q` trn dm tm b¿kbtkn cd k` qdrhrsdmbh` x
mn cdad rdq tshkhy`cn bnln tm` snkdq`mbh` cd bnknb`bhám o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám.
0,0,/ GU WgdgWUWbzf XY jY mYjrg fg hjYY gjrUXg M0,0,/) M0,0,0) M0,0,1 q L`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k` eàqhb`bhám, k` bnknb`bhám, x
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk lhdlaqn (n drodrnq) dr cd 4 otkf. O ldmnr dlo`kldr cd utdks` o`q` dk qdetdqyn cd `k`laqd rnkc`cn mn drs¿m btahdqsnr onq
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/4 dm. ACI 117 x, rh dr mdbdr`qhn, cdadm rdq drodbhehb`cnr onq dk drodbhehb`cnq. Amsdr cd
k` bnknb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám, k` hmrodbbhám cd a`qq`r cd qdetdqyn o`q` k`
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk lhdlaqn (n drodrnq) dr cd l¿r cd 4 otkf. mn l¿r cd bnmenqlhc`c ` k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd bnknb`bhám drodbhehb`c`r otdcd hlokhb`q
12 dm. ................................ .................... © 3/8 dm. ldchbhnmdr o`q` dmbneq`cn n cdk rtdkn. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.2.1 (`), (a), x (b). Um`
khlhs`bhám àrnkts` dm tm k`cn cd k` bnknb`bhám cd qdetdqyn dr drsàkdbhc` onq dk
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk lhdlaqn (n drodrnq) dr cd l¿r cd 12 dm. k lhsd dm k` qdctbbhám cd k` btahdqs`. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.2.2 (`) ` (c) x k` Fhf.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm. R2.2.3.
0,0,0 MYWmVjbebYflg XY agjeb zf eYXbXg hYjhYfXbWmdUj U dU mhYj bWbY XY

agjeb zf
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk lhdlaqn (n drodrnq) dr cd 12 otkf. O ldmnr
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3/8 otkf.
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk lhdlaqn (n drodrnq) dr cd l¿r cd 12 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
Rdctbbhám cd k` bnadqstq` mn rdq¿ rtodqhnq ` 1/3 cdk qdbtaqhlhdmsn cd gnqlhfám
drodbhehb`cn.
Rdctbbhám cd k` bnadqstq` cd okènmdr enql`cnr mn dwbdcdq¿ cd 1/4 otkf.
0,0,1 L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k o`q` dk qdetdqyn cd knr` dm ok`ms`

............................................................................... . © 3/4 dm.
Fhf. R2.2.1-bnknb`bhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
Fhf. R2.2.2-Cnudq.
Fhf. Cnknb`bhám R2.2.3-Vdqshb`k.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
0,0,2 Ad Y hUWbg dbVjY YfljY Yd jY mYjrg g YfljY jY mYjrg q M0,0,2 q M0,0,3 L` snkdq`mbh` cd rdo`q`bhám cd k` `ql`ctq` rd bnlonmd cd tm
YehgljUebYflg rnaqd bnm tm` khlhs`bhám àrnkts` dm tm k`cn cd k` dmunkudmsd cdsdqlhm`cn onq
Um` bt`qs` chrs`mbh` drodbhehb`c` ptd mn dwbdc` dk k lhsd dm k` qdctbbhám cd k` chrs`mbh` dmsqd dk qdetdqyn. Acdl¿r, k` snkdq`mbh`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1 dm. odqlhrhakd rnaqd dk dro`bh`lhdmsn mn cdad b`tr`q tm` qdctbbhám dm dk méldqn
drodbhehb`cn cd a`qq`r cd qdetdqyn tshkhy`cnr. Lnr chrd×`cnqdr rnm `cudqshcnr
Dhrs`mbh` dmsqd qdetdqyn mn cdadq¿ rdq hmedqhnq ` k` l`xnq cd k`r ch¿ldsqn cd ptd k` rdkdbbhám cd tm `mbgn cd g`y ptd dw`bs`ldmsd rd `còsd ` rtr
cd k` a`qq` n 1 dm. P`q` a`qdr cdr`fqdf`cnr. qdpthrhsnr cd chrd×n otdcdm mn odqlhshq k` snkdq`mbh` cd bnknb`bhám cd qdetdqyn.
Ersn nbtqqd ` udbdr bt`mcn k`r a`qq`r kòrokhbdc únbto`m dro`bhn dwsq` x mn
otdcdm `bnlnc`q k` snkdq`mbh` cd bnknb`bhám. Ct`mcn k`r b`mshc`cdr cd
P`q` k`r a`qq`r dm o`ptdsd, k` chrs`mbh` dmsqd knr g`bdr mn cdadq¿ rdq qdetdqyn x dk dro`bhn chronmhakd drs¿m dm bnmekhbsn bnm knr qdpthrhsnr cd
hmedqhnq ` k` l`xnq cd 1 otkf. O tm ch¿ldsqn cd k` a`qq` cdqhu`cn cdk ¿qd` rdo`q`bhám cd drs`r rdbbhnmdr, dk bnmsq`shrs` x chrd×`cnq oncq `m bnmrhcdq`q k`
sns`k dpthu`kdmsd cd snc`r k`r a`qq`r dm dk g`y. `fqto`bhám cd tm` o`qsd cd k` `ql`ctq`. Ek `bnok`lhdmsn cd a`qq`r qdpthdqd k`
òqna`bhám cdk chrd×`cnq. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.2.
0,0,3 NYhUjUWbzf XY dU UjeUXmjU fg lY U) eYXbXU U dg dUj g XY mfU

dxfYU hUjUdYdU U dU YhUjUWbzf Y hYWb bWUXU
Ewbdosn bnln rd hmchb` ` bnmshmt`bhám ......................................... © 3 dm.
Ersqhanr, dk ldmnq cd © 3 otkf. O © 1 otkf. Pnq ohd cd oqnetmchc`c cd g`y
L`ynr, dk ldmnq cd © 3 otkf. O © 1 otkf. Pnq ohd cd `mbgtq` ldmnr bnktlm`
Ek méldqn sns`k cd a`qq`r mn oncq¿ rdq hmedqhnq ` k` drodbhehb`c`.
Fhf. R2.2.4-Ckd`q chrs`mbh`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
0. A hYWb bWUWbgfY hUjU dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
Fhf. Ero`bh`lhdmsn R2.2.5-qdetdqyn.
0,0,4 GU WgdgWUWbzf XY jY mYjrg XY hjYlYf UXg g XY hjYlYf UXg M,0,0,4 L` snkdq`mbh` cd k` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k rd cdad bnmrhcdq`q dm dk drsàkdbhlhdmsn cd
WgfXmWlg ) eYXbXU XY XY dU mhYj bWbY gjeU btahdqs`r l mhlnr cd oqdsdmr`cn cd knr sdmcnmdr, o`qshbtk`qldmsd dm òkhb`bhnmdr
dwotdrs`r ` oqnctbsnr pt lhbnr cdrbnmfdk`msdr n `lahdmsdr cd `ft` r`k`c` cnmcd rd
0,0,4,/ XY nbUWbzf agjbrgflUd qdbnlhdmc` dk trn cd k` btahdqs` `chbhnm`k o`q` bnlodmr`q k` bnknb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh`r. dk
oqnetmchc`c Ekdldms (n dk drodrnq) 24 dm. n ldmnr ........... © 1/2 dm. bnlonqs`lhdmsn cd k` knr` dr qdk`shu`ldmsd hmrdmrhakd ` k` tahb`bhám gnqhynms`k cd knr
sdmcnmdr. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.2.6 (`) x (a).

oqnetmchc`c Ekdldms (n drodrnq) cd l¿r cd 24 dm. .......... © 1 dm.
0,0,4,0 GU XY nbUWbzf nYjlbWUd

oqnetmchc`c Ekdldms (n fqnrnq) 8 dm. n ldmnr ........ © 1/4 dm.
oqnetmchc`c Ekdldms (n dk drodrnq) ctq`msd 8 otkf. x mn l¿r cd 24 dm.

.................................. .............................. © 3/8 dm.
oqnetmchc`c Ekdldms (n dk drodrnq) l¿r cd 24 dm ..... © 1/2 dm.
Fhf. Cnknb`bhám qdetdqyn R2.2.6-oqdsdmr`cn.
0,0,5 mVbWUWbzf dgf blmXbfUd XY WmjnU Yf VUjY q YpljYeg XY dU VUjjU M0,0,5 q M0,0,6 L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` tahb`bhám cd knr dwsqdlnr cd `bdqn cd
qdetdqyn rd cdsdqlhm` onq drs`r cnr rdbbhnmdr.
Em knr dwsqdlnr chrbnmshmtnr cd l mrtk`r x rnonqsdr ... © 1/2 dm.
Em knr dwsqdlnr chrbnmshmtnr cd nsqnr dkdldmsnr ............ © 1 dm.
Em nsqnr ktf`qdr ............................................... .. © 2 dm.
0,0,6 dgf blmX AeVYXXYX XY VUjjU q dU dgf blmX XY nmYdlU XY dU VUjjU
Nn. 3 ` sqù r cd 11 s`l`×nr cd a`qq`r .................................. -1 dm.
Nn. 14 x 18 a`q s`l`×nr ....................................... -2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg 0/
0,0,7 ok`b` cd ònxn o`q` sdmcnmdr cd oqdsdmr`cn, cdruh`bhám cd ok`mn M0,0,7 L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` bnmenqlhc`c cd ok`b`r cd ònxn sdmcám cd
drodbhehb`cn oqdsdmr`cn `k ok`mn drodbhehb`cn rd drsàkdbd onq drs` rdbbhám. Cnmrtksd k`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/4 otkf. Pnq ohd, odqn mn ldmnr cd © 1/8 dm. Fhf. R2.2.9.
R2.2.9-bnihmdsd o`q` sdmcnmdr cd oqdsdmr`cn.
0,0,/. GU WgdgWUWbzf XY dU VUjjU g dU hdUWU XY WdUnbcU db U Yf dg U gVjY M0,0,/. L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` bnknb`bhám cd drohf`r rd cdsdqlhm` onq drs`
lYjjYfg rdbbhám. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.2.10.1, R2.2.10.2, x R2.2.10.3.
0,0,/.,/ L md` bdmsq`k cd k` drohf`, k` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k ldchc` cdrcd k` o`qsd

hmedqhnq cd k` knr` cd gnqlhfám dm k` `qshbtk`bhám o`q` k` oqnetmchc`c dkdldmsn 8 dm. O
ldmnr ........................... ..... © 1/2 dm.
Ct`mcn k` oqnetmchc`c cdk dkdldmsn dr l¿r cd 8 dm. ........................ © 1 dm.
0,0,/.,0 Ek dro`bh`lhdmsn cd k`r drohf`r, ldchc` ` kn k`qfn cd tm` k md` o`q`kdk` `

k` rdo`q`bhám drodbhehb`c` ........................... © 3 dm.
Ek méldqn sns`k cd drohf`r mn oncq¿ rdq hmedqhnq ` k` drodbhehb`c`.
Fhf. Cnknb`bhám R2.2.10.1-Dnvdk.

0,0,/.,1 L md` bdmsq`k cdk s`bn bnm qdrodbsn ` tm` k md` gnqhynms`k ptd dr
odqodmchbtk`q `k ok`mn drsàkdbhcn onq k` `qshbtk`bhám
Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k .......................................... © 1/2 dm.
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k ............................................... © 1/2 dm.
Fhf. Ero`bh`lhdmsn R2.2.10.2-Dnvdk.

cdruh`bhám Fhf. R2.2.10.3-Dnvdk cd k` k md`. Fhf. Pk`b`

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
0,1 gdgWUWbzf XY dg YdYeYflg bflY jUXg ) Wgf YpWdm bzf M0,1+GU WgdgWUWbzf XY dg YdYeYflg bflY jUXg ) Wgf
XY dU Y hb U Yf dg U gVjY lYjjYfg YpWdm bzf XY dU Y hb U Yf dg U gVjY lYjjYfg
0,1,/ Lhpthc`bhám cd qdetdqyn l¿r bdqb`mn rdq¿ dk l`xnq cdk ch¿ldsqn cd k` M0,1,/ L` chrs`mbh` l mhl` dmsqd dk qdetdqyn x dkdldmsnr dladahcnr rd
a`qq`, dk l`xnq s`l`×n cd knr `fqdf`cnr, n cdsdqlhm` onq drs` rdbbhám. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R2.3.1 (`) x (a).
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 dm.
0,1,0 GxfYU WYfljUd XYd Wgfcmflg XY dU mVbWUWbzf Y hYWb bWUXU
Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k ............................................. © 1 dm .
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k ................................................ . © 1 dm.

Fhf. R2.3.1-Ckd`q chrs`mbh`.
0,1,1 NmhYj bWbY XY egflUcY XY mhYj bWbY XYd YdYeYflg M0,1,1 L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` dkdu`bhám cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd knr odqmnr cd `mbkìd dr
bngdqdmsd bnm k` ptd ehftq` dm dk Imrshstsn Aldqhb`mn cd Cáchfn cd Pq¿bshb`r Ers¿mc`q cd
Mdchc` cd lnmsìd cd 12 otkf. n ldmnq Cnmrsqtbbhám dm Abdqn (AISC 303-10). L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` tahb`bhám cd knr odqmnr cd
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 otkf. Pnq 12 dm. `mbkìd rd a`r` dm dk trn cd `ftidqnr rnaqdchldmrhnm`cnr onq k` Gt ` cd Dhrd×n cdk
odqn mn ldmnr cd .............................................. . © 1/4 dm. AISC 1: B`rd Pk`b`r x V`qhkk` cd `mbkìd cd chrd×n, qdbnldmc`bhnmdr cdk Cnmrdin cd
Ectb`bhám cd `bdqn drsqtbstq`k, x k`r s bmhb`r cd bnknb`bhám cdk odqmn cd `mbkìd cd
Ar`lakd` chldmrhám rtodqhnq ` 12 dm. .......... © 1/2 dm.
gnqlhfám bnmsq`shrs`. Cnmrtksd k` Snbhdc`c Aldqhb`m` cd bnmsq`shrs` cd gnqlhfám Ddbk`q`bhám
cd k` onrhbhám # 14.
0,1,2 Gg hYjfg XY UfWdUcY Yf Yd agjeb zf
0,1,2,/ Ogh XY hYjfg XY UfWdUcY XY YdYnUWbzf Y hYWb bWUXU

L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k .............................................. © 1 / 2 dm.
0,1,2,0 GxfYU WYfljUd XY hYjfg XY UfWdUcY bfXbnbXmUdY XY dU mVbWUWbzf

Y hYWb bWUXU
cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k
o`q` 3/4 otkf. x 7/8 dm. odqmnr ............................ © 1/4 hm. o`q` 1 dm ., 1-1 /
4 hm., x 1-1 / 2 dm. odqmnr ............. © 3/8 otkf. o`q` 1-3 / 4 hm., 2 dm. x 2-1 / 2
dm. odqmnr ............. © 1/2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg 01
Xg b bWUWbzf XY 0,2 Dgjeb zf M0,2+hjgWY UebYflg hgj dglY XY agjeb zf
Cnmrtksd k` Tàk` 2.4. Cnmrtksd k`r mnql`r ASTM C94 / C94M x ACI 304.6R o`q` nasdmdq hmenql`bhám
`chbhnm`k bnm qdrodbsn ` k` cnrhehb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám. ASTM C685 / C685M oqnonqbhnm`
hmenql`bhám o`q` dk gnqlhfám gdbgn bnm l`sdqh`kdr bnmshmt`ldmsd onq knsdr dm
OUVdU 0,2+ gfWjYlY lgdYjUfWbU XY Xg b bWUWbzf 9NOH
72 - 72H unktldm. L` Oehbhm` cd M`qb`r cdk ldybk`cnq unktl sqhb` (VMMB 100) oqnonqbhnm`
hmenql`bhám drs`mc`qhy`c` dm qdk`bhám bnm ldybk`cnqdr unktl sqhbnr.
M`sdqh`k Tnkdq`mbh`
eUlYjbUdY WYeYflUflY
30% cd bò`bhc`c cd k` a`k`my` n l`xnq Mdmnr cd © 1% cd k` l`r` qdptdqhc`
30% cd bò`bhc`c cd k` a`k`my` - 0 ` + 4% cd k` l`r` qdptdqhc`
9 mU
`ft` n ghdkn `×`chcn, x `ft` khaqd rnaqd © 1% cdk bnmsdmhcn cd `ft` sns`k (hmbktxdmcn dk
knr `fqdf`cnr `ft` `×`chc`, dk ghdkn x dk `ft` dm knr
`fqdf`cnr) © 3% cdk bnmsdmhcn sns`k cd `ft`

bnmsdmhcn cd `ft` sns`k (ldchcn dm odrn n
unktldm)
U jY UXg
cnrhehb`bhám `btltk`shu`: M¿r cdk 30% cd k`
© 1% cd k` l`r` qdptdqhc` © 0,3% cd k`
bò`bhc`c cd k` a¿rbtk` 30% cd k` bò`bhc`c cd k`
bò`bhc`c cd drb`k` n 3% cd k` l`r`
drb`k` n ldmnr
qdptdqhc`, kn ptd rd` ldmnq
knsdr l`sdqh`k hmchuhct`k © 2% cd k` l`r` qdptdqhc`
Ef jYXbYflY © 3% cd k` b`mshc`c qdptdqhc` n l¿r n

ldmnr k` b`mshc`c cd cnrhehb`bhám qdptdqhc`
o`q` 100 ka cd bdldmsn, kn ptd rd` l`xnq
hjghbYXUXY 0)3+ gfWjYlg hjghbYXUXY M0,3+ gfWjYlg
0,3,/ YhjY bzf M0,3,/ Ct`mcn k` drodbhehb`bhám g` drodbhehb`cn b` c` bnln l¿whln, k`r
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn cdadm oqnonqbhnm`q o`q` tm` `chbhám cd `ft` dm dk
mUfXg Y Y hYWb bWU WUxXU Wgeg evpbeg· g fg YpWYXYj· rhshn cd sqàìn o`q` dk ìtrsd cd b` c`, rdfém k` mnql` ASTM C94 / C94M,
Sdbbhám 6. `rdms`lhdmsn cd k` ldybk` cdadq ` hmbkthq tm` snkdq`mbh` ptd odqlhsd
P`q` sncnr knr u`knqdr ............................................... ......... + 0 dm. s`msn l¿r n ldmnr cdruh`bhnmdr cd l`mdq` ptd k`r cdoqdrhnmdr bnmbqds`r mn
drs¿m bnm bò`bhc`c hmrtehbhdmsd o`q` duhs`q dk qdbg`yn. Ek `ft` `×`chc` dm dk
Erodbhehb`cn cdroknl`qrd 3 otkf. O ldmnr ..........................- 1-1 / 2 dm. ktf`q cd sqàìn cdad drs`q cdmsqn cd k` qdk`bhám cd l`sdqh`k cd
v`sdqbdldmshshntr ( v / bl) khlhs`bhnmdr cd k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr n k`r oqnonqbhnmdr
Erodbhehb`cn b` c` cd l¿r cd 3 dm ........................- 2-1 / 2 dm. cd ldybk` òqna`cnr.
mUfXg Y Y hYWb bWU XYhjY bzf Wgeg mf fbWg nUdgj

Erodbhehb`cn rktlo 2 dm. ldmnr ........................ © 1/2 dm. bnmbqdsnr `kb`my`cnr onq k` hmbnqonq`bhám cd `chshunr cd `ks` f`l`
qdctbsnqdr cd `ft` (HRWRAr) (s`lah m cdmnlhm`cnr
b` c` drodbhehb`cn l¿r cd 2 otkf., odqn mn rtodqhnq ` 4 dm rtodqok`rshehb`msdr) ptd ektxd rd tshkhy`m qdftk`qldmsd dm k`r cdoqdrhnmdr
..................................... ............................. © 1 dm. drodbhehb`c`r cd 7-1 / 2 otkf. n l`xnq. Acdl¿r, dr che bhk cd ldchq `ksnr
cdoqdrhnmdr bnm oqdbhrhám. Sd cdad bnmrhcdq`q ptd k` dkhlhm`bhám cd tm
Erodbhehb`cn gtmchqrd l¿r cd 4 dm ........................ © 1-1 / 2 dm. `rdms`lhdmsn l¿whln bt`mcn tm HRWRA rd tshkhy` o`q` knfq`q ptd ektxd
bnmbqdsn. Ct`mcn rd tshkhy`m HRWRAr, `rdms`lhdmsn cd k` ldybk` cdad
Dnmcd b` c` rd drodbhehb` bnln tm` rdqhd ........ mhmftm` snkdq`mbh` rdq drodbhehb`cn o`q` k` ldybk` cd gnqlhfám `msdr cd k` `chbhám cd k`
HRWRA.
L` b` c` drodbhehb`cn rhdloqd cdad rdq du`kt`cn o`q` cdsdqlhm`q rh dr

`cdbt`cn o`q` rt dmsqdf`, bnknb`bhám, x dk `bk`q`lhdmsn cd qdetdqyn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
0,3,0 Ad WgflYfbXg XY UbjY8 XgfXY fg Y Y hYWb bWU fbf f bflYjnUdg) dU lgdYjUfWbU M0,3,0 Ct`mcn rd drodbhehb` tm q`mfn cd bnmsdmhcn cd `hqd, rd cdad sdmdq bthc`cn o`q` g`bdq
WgflYfbXg XY UbjY Y ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,, © 1-1 / 2% eqdmsd ` knr qdpthrhsnr cd s`l`×n x cdk ktf`q cd sqàìn `fqdf`cnr. Ek q`mfn cdadq ` rdq
`cdbt`c`ldmsd `lokh` o`q` c`q bàhc` ` k` `msdqhnq.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NYWWbzf 1+BPI 9HAIOJN
1,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU M1,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU
GU YpWUnUWbzf Y eYXbjv UflY XY dU WgdgWUWbzf XYd WgfWjYlg, Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R3.1.1, R3.1.2, x R3.1.3.
1,/,/ UlY gjxU 9 -P`q` ohk`qdr cd gnqlhfám mn qdenqy`cn ptd rd dwshdmcdm `

sqù r cd l`sdqh`kdr ptd mn neqdbd n k` qdrsqhbbhám l mhl` k`sdq`k (onq
didlokn, `ft`, rtdknr nqf¿mhbnr mnql`kldmsd bnmrnkhc`c`r, x knr rtdknr ptd
otdc`m khbt`qrd ctq`msd tm sdqqdlnsn) - © 12,5% cdk ch¿ldsqn cdk did.
1,/,0 UlY gjxU : -P`q` ohk`qdr cd gnqlhfám mn qdenqy`cn ptd rd dwshdmcdm `

sqù r cd l`sdqh`kdr ptd neqdbdm qdrsqhbbhám k`sdq`k (rtdknr chrshmsnr cd knr
hmchb`cnr dm k` C`sdfnq ` A) - © 1,5% cd k` knmfhstc cdk did.
1,/,1 UlY gjxU -P`q` qdenqy`cn ohdqr- gnqlhfám © 2,0% cd k` knmfhstc cdk
did.
Fhf. R3.1.1-C`sdfnq ` A.
Fhf. R3.1.2-C`sdfnq ` B.

Fhf. R3.1.3-C`sdfnq ` C.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
1,0 GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU mVbWUWbzf M1,0+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU mVbWUWbzf
1,0,/ BmfXUWbgfY ) U eYfg imY Y bfXbimY dg WgfljUjbg Yf Y lU YWWbzf M1,0,/ Ddsdqlhm` k` tahb`bhám odqlhrhakd cd a`rdr n ohk`qdr. L` cdruh`bhám
`clhrhakd o`q` k` tahb`bhám cd etmc`bhnmdr n ltdkkdr rd qhfd onq k`
chldmrhám cd k`r a`rdr n ohk`qdr bnm tm k lhsd àrnktsn, cdodmchdmcn cd rh
cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cdk anqcd cd bnk`c`: k`r a`rdr n ohk`qdr rnonqsd cd gnqlhfám n l`lonrsdq `. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf.
Dnmcd chldmrhám dr cd 8 ohdr n l¿r ......................... © 2 dm. R3.2.1 (`) x (a).
Dnmcd chldmrhám dr ldmnr cd 8 es

. . . . dk l`xnq cd © 2% cd chldmrhám drodbhehb`c` n ldchn dm.
Fhf. R3.2.1-Ftmc`ldmsnr, ` ldmnr ptd rd hmchptd kn bnmsq`qhn.


lOMoARcPSD|20969055
1,0,0 BmfXUWbgfY XY Uhgqg XY eUehg lYjxU M1,0,0 Ftmc`bhnmdr cd ònxn cd l`lonrsdq `
cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cdk anqcd cd bnk`c` rdq¿ k` ldmnq cd © 2% cdk `mbgn Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R3.2.2 (`) x (a).
cd k` a`rd n © 1/2 dm.

Fhf. R3.2.2-Ftmc`ldmsnr cd ònxn cd l`lonrsdq `.
1,0,1 GU hUjlY mhYjbgj XY dg emYddY hYj gjUXg M1,0,1 L` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd knr ltdkkdr odqenq`cnr
cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cdk bdmsqn cd bnk`c` rdq¿ k` ldmnq cd 4,2% cdk Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R3.2.3.
ch¿ldsqn cdk did n © 3 dm.
Fhf R3.2.3-Tno cd ltdkkdr odqenq`cnr:. Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
1)1+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbzf M1,1+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbzf
1,1,/ GU mhYj bWbY mhYjbgj XY dU mfXUWbgfY Ddsdqlhm` k` tahb`bhám cd bt`kpthdq otmsn cd k` rtodqehbhd rtodqhnq cd tm` a`rd bnm
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k .............................................. 1 / 2 dm. qdrodbsn `k ok`mn drodbhehb`cn. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R3.3.1 x R3.3.2.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 2 dm.
1,1,0 GU mhYj bWbY mhYjbgj XY emYddY hYj gjUXg
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k ................................................ . 1 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3 dm.
Fhf rtodqehbhd R3.3.1-Tno cd a`rdr:. Ddruh`bhám udqshb`k.
Fhf. R3.3.2-Tno rtodqehbhd cd ltdkkdr odqenq`cnr: cdruh`bhám udqshb`k.
1)2+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf M1,2+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf
1,2,/ :U Y XY dU WUehUfU XY emYddY Ddsdqlhm` k` odmchdmsd odqlhrhakd cd k` a`rd cd tm ltdkkd cd b`lo`m`. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf
R3.4.1.
Ek ldmnq cd 10% cdk ch¿ldsqn cd k` b`lo`m` n © 3 dm.
1,2,0 GU mhYj bWbY mhYjbgj XY rUhUlU XY EflYj Ur Wgf

YdYeYflg UhgqUXg
Sdo`q`bhám l¿whl` dmsqd dk gnqlhfám x k` rtodqehbhd bdqb` cd tm` qdfk` 10

es, ldchc` dmsqd knr otmsnr cd ònxn, mn dwbdcdq¿ cd +1/2 dm.
Fhf. R3.4.1-B`rd cd k` b`lo`m` cd ltdkkd.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
1)3+ Y nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bgfY XY YWWbzf M1,3+ Y nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bgfY XY YWWbzf ljUf nYj Ud
ljUf nYj Ud XY dU mfXUWbgfY XY dU mfXUWbgfY
1,3,/ mfXUWbgfY gjeUXU Ddsdqlhm` dk s`l`×n `clhrhakd cd tm` etmc`bhám. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R3.5.1,
Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k ............................................. + 2 dm . R3.5.2, x R3.5.3.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
1,3,0 mfXUWbgfY fg gjeUXU YeblbXg WgfljU Yd mYdg M1,3,0 Imrodbbhám cd k` bnmenqlhc`c bnm k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd drodrnq drodbhehb`cn
otdcd hlokhb`q ldchbhnmdr `msdr cd k` bnknb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám. snkdq`mbh`r
Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cd chldmrhám ok`m. L` dwbù`bhám rd ldchq¿ `msdr drodbhehb`c`r rd òkhb`m `k dkdldmsn cd gnqlhfám sdqlhm`cn.
cd k` bnknb`bhám cdk bnmbqdsn. L` snkdq`mbh` rd òkhb`q¿ dm sncnr knr
ktf`qdr.
Dnmcd chldmrhám dr 2 ohdr n ldmnr ........................... + 3 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
Dnmcd chldmrhám dr l¿r cd 2 es ...................... + 6 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
1,3,1 L` cdruh`bhám cd drodrnq etmc`bhám ( O ,,,,,, -0.05 O
Fhf. a`rdr enql`c`r R3.5.1: chldmrhnmdr cd rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k.
etmc`bhnmdr. Fhf R3.5.2-mn enql`c`r `qqni`cnr bnmsq` dk rtdkn.
Fhf. R3.5.3-cdruh`bhám cd drodrnq etmc`bhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
1. AN A EBE 9 EJIAN dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI A DJMHECuI 2+ 9NO AI AG GPC9M A A EBE EJN
2)/+XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU M2,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU
2,/,/ UjU UdlmjU XY eYfg XY g b mUd U 61 l 2 bf, M2,/,/ L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` oknl`c` u`q ` bnm k` `kstq` rnaqd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd
etmc`bhám n dk mhudk cd rnonqsd l¿r aìn cd k` drsqtbstq`. Emsqd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq
P`q` k`r k md`r, rtodqehbhdr, drpthm`r x `qhrs`r: dk ldmnq cd cd etmc`bhám x tm` `kstq` cd 83 ohdr 4 otkf., L` snkdq`mbh` dr cd 0,3% cd k` `kstq`
0,3% udbdr k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd etmc`bhnmdr n mhudk cd g`rs` tm` chldmrhám l¿whl` cd 1 otkf. Sd `kb`my`. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R4.1.1 (`) x
rnonqsd l¿r aìn, bnln rd ltdrsq` dm knr chatinr cd oqnxdbsn n © 1 dm. Ers` (a). L` snkdq`mbh` ` k` drpthm` dwsdqhnq cd k`r bnktlm`r cd k`r drpthm`r dwotdrs`r
rdbbhám mn rd otdcd tshkhy`q o`q` du`kt`q r`khc` knb`k cdrcd tm` drodbhehb`cnr x o`q` q`mtq`r itms` cd bnmsq`bbhám dm dk gnqlhfám ` k` uhrs` dr l¿r drsqhbs`.
hqqdftk`qhc`cdr cd ùhám n cd enqltk`qhn. Cnmrtksd k` Sdbbhám 4.8.2 x 4.8.3,
qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
P`q` k` drpthm` dwsdqhnq cd tm` bnktlm` cd drpthm` dwotdrs` x q`mtq`r dm

gnqlhfám dwotdrsn:. L`r udbdr ldmnq cd 0,2% cd k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k`
o`qsd rtodqhnq cd etmc`bhnmdr n mhudk cd rnonqsd l¿r aìn bnln rd ltdrsq` dm
knr chatinr cd oqnxdbsn n © ldchn dm drs` rdbbhám mn rd tshkhy`q¿m o`q` du`kt`q k`
r`khc` knb`k cdrcd tm ùhám n hqqdftk`qhc`cdr drodbhehb`cnr cd enql`. Cnmrtksd k`
Sdbbhám 4.8.2 x 4.8.3, qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
Fhf. R4.1.1-cdruh`bhám cd k` oknl`c`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,/,0 UjU UdlmjU eUqgjY XY 61 hbY 2 hmd , M2,/,0 Dd 83 es 4 hm. A 500 ohdr onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd etmc`bhám, k`
snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` oknl`c` dr 1/1000 (0,1%) udbdr k` `kstq`. L` snkdq`mbh` l¿whl`
P`q` k`r k md`r, k`r rtodqehbhdr drpthm`r, `qhrs`r, x dkdldmsnr: k`r udbdr dr cd 6 hm. A `kstq`r l¿r cd 500 ohdr onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd a`rd cd k`
ldmnq cd 0,1% cd k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd etmc`bhnmdr n drsqtbstq`. L` drsqtbstq` x dk qdudrshlhdmsn dwsdqhnq mn cdad dwsdmcdqrd l¿r `kk¿ cd
mhudk cd rnonqsd l¿r aìn bnln rd ltdrsq` dm knr chatinr cd oqnxdbsn n © 6 knr k lhsdr kdf`kdr drsàkdbhcnr onq knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf.
dm drs` rdbbhám mn rd tshkhy` o`q` du`kt`q cd r`khc` knb`k cdrcd tm`. R4.1.2 (`) x (a).
drodbhehb`cnr cd ùhám n cd enql` hqqdftk`qhc`cdr. Cnmrtksd k` Sdbbhám 4.8.2
x 4.8.3, qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
Pnq k` drpthm` dwsdqhnq cd tm` bnktlm`r dwotdrs`r k`r drpthm`r x q`mtq`r itms`
cd bnmsq`bbhám dm dk gnqlhfám dwotdrs`r ` k` uhrs`:. L`r udbdr ldmnq cd 0,05%
cd k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd k`r etmc`bhnmdr n mhudk cd rnonqsd
l¿r aìn, bnln rd ltdrsq` dm knr chatinr cdk oqnxdbsn n 3 dm drsd ò`qs`cn mn
rdq¿ tshkhy`cn o`q` du`kt`q k` r`khc` knb`k cdrcd tm ùhám n hqqdftk`qhc`cdr
drodbhehb`cnr cd enql`. Cnmrtksd k` Sdbbhám 4.8.2 x 4.8.3, qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
2,/,1 anqcdr udqshb`kdr cd àdqstq`r l¿r fq`mcdr ptd 12 hm., ldchcnr rnaqd M2,/,1 L` snkdq`mbh` cd oknl`c` o`q` knr anqcdr cd k`r àdqstq`r l¿r fq`mcdr ptd 12 hm. Sd
snc` k` `kstq` cd k` àdqstq` ....... © 1/2 dm. drsàkdbd onq drs` rdbbhám. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R4.1.3.


lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EuI dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q eUlYjbUdY XY agjeb zf 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg 11
2)0+ Y nbUWbzf XY mVbWUWbzf M2,0+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU mVbWUWbzf
2,0,/ XY nbUWbzf agjbrgflUd M2,0,/ cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k rd cdehmd dm k` Sdbbhám 1.3. L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k`
cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k rd òkhb`q ` ` k` tahb`bhám dm ok`ms` cd dkdldmsnr s`kdr
dkdldmsnr udqshb`kdr, ldchcn dm k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd etmc`bhám dkdldmsn n
bnln dk anqcd udqshb`k cd tm` àdqstq` dm dk ohrn n cd tm` o`qdc, uhf` n bnktlm`.
mhudk cd rnonqsd l¿r aìn ....................... © 1 dm.
L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k rd òkhb`q ` s`lah m ` `qs btknr s`kdr
bnln knr anqcdr udqshb`kdr cd àdqstq`r dm o`qdcdr, uhf`r n bnktlm`r. Cnmrtksd
Osqnr dkdldmsnr ................................................ .... © 1 dm.
k` Fhf. R4.2.1 (`) ` (b). L` snkdq`mbh` dm k` tahb`bhám bnqsd bnm rhdqq` dr hlotkr`c`
onq oqdnbto`bhnmdr drs shb`r. Imudrshf`bhám (M`qs mdy x Dùdmonqs 2005) rtfhdqd
tahb`bhám cdk anqcd cd snc`r k`r àdqstq`r ............................ © 1/2 otkf. ptd o`q` tm 18 otkf. Dnvdk dk bnqsd bnm rhdqq` otdcd rdq cdrok`y`cn cdk bdmsqn
s`msn bnln 3 otkf. Shm èdbs`q `k qdmchlhdmsn bnmitms`.
S`vbtsr, k`r `qshbtk`bhnmdr x dladahcnr ok`mn cdahkhs`cn dm knr`r
........................................ ......................... © 3/4 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
12 AN A EBE 9 EuI dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q eUlYjbUdY XY agjeb zf 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
2,0,0 GU XY nbUWbzf nYjlbWUd M2,0,0 L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k s`lah m rd cdehmd dm k` Sdbbhám 1.3. L` snkdq`mbh` o`q`
Ekdldmsnr ................................................. ............ © 1 dm. k` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k rd òkhb`q ` ` k` knb`khy`bhám cd `qs btknr s`kdr bnln knr anqcdr
gnqhynms`kdr cd tm` àdqstq` cd k` o`qdc n bnktlm`. L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` cdruh`bhám
tahb`bhám cdk anqcd cd snc`r k`r àdqstq`r ........................... © 1/2 otkf. udqshb`k rd òkhb`q ` s`lah m ` `qs btknr s`kdr bnln knr anqcdr gnqhynms`kdr cd
àdqstq`r dm o`qdcdr, uhf`r n bnktlm`r. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R4.2.2 (`) x (a).
Fhf. Ddruh`bhám R4.2.2-Vdqshb`k.
2,1 Ig Y m U
2)2+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbzf M2,2+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbzf
2,2,/ GU mhYj bWbY mhYjbgj XY dU dg U M2,2,/ L` dkdu`bhám rtodqhnq o`q` knr`r rnaqd `bdqn drsqtbstq`k n cd
Lnr`r rnaqd sdqqdmn ............................................. .. © 3/4 dm. gnqlhfám oqdeàqhb`cn rd cdsdqlhm`q¿ onq k` dkdu`bhám cdk gnqlhfám `bdqn
n oqdeàqhb`cn cd rnonqsd, l¿r n ldmnr u`qh`bhnmdr dm dk drodrnq cd k`
Fnql`cn knr`r rtrodmchc`r, `msdr cd k` qdshq`c` cd k`r bnrs`r cd ònxn knr`, bnln rd drodbhehb` dm k` Sdbbhám 4.5.3. Em rhst`bhnmdr dm k`r ptd
......................................... ...................... © 3/4 dm. drsd oqnbdchlhdmsn otdcd c`q ktf`q ` dkdu`bhnmdr cd knr` hmr`shre`bsnqhnr
(onq didlokn, uhf`r mn òtms`k`c`r ptd cdru `m n cd rnonqsd cd `bdqn n
Lnr`r rnaqd drsqtbstq`r cd `bdqn n cd gnqlhfám oqdeàqhb`cn oqdeàqhb`cn bnmitmsn bnm fq`mcdr cdruh`bhnmdr cd dkdu`bhám
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shm qdpthrhsnr drodbhehb`c`), dk `qpthsdbsn / hmfdmhdqn cdad drodbhehb`q, n knr bnmsq`shrs`r
hmunktbq`cnr cdadm onmdqrd cd `btdqcn dm, tm` r`shre`bsnqh`
oqnbdchlhdmsn. Ek bnmsq`shrs` cd ohrnr cd bnmbqdsn mn otdcd bnmsqnk`q k`r
dkdu`bhnmdr cd `bdqn n ohdy`r cd gnqlhfám oqdeàqhb`cn rnaqd k` ptd rd
oqnxdbs`m k`r knr`r cd gnqlhfám. Em dk b`rn cd knr`r dlhshcnr dm k`
btahdqs` cd lds`k, s`lah m g`x tm` khlhs`bhám oq¿bshb` rnaqd dk hmbqdldmsn
cdk drodrnq cd k` knr` o`q` `bnlnc`q dkdu`bhnmdr chedqdmbh`kdr n
cdekdwhnmdr.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,2,0 rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r `msdr cd k` qdshq`c` cd nqhkk`r

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 3/4 dm.
2,2,1 Dhmsdkdr, `ke hy`qdr, o`qòdsnr, q`mtq`r gnqhynms`kdr, x nsq`r k md`r dm M2,2,1 Ek s qlhmn ügnqlhfám ` k` uhrs` rd tshkhy` bnln rd cdehmd dm
gnqlhfám dwotdrsn ........................ © 1/2 dm. ACI Tdqlhmnknf ` gnqlhfám. Hnqlhfám ` k` uhrs` rd sq`s` dm k` Lhrs` cd
udqhehb`bhám cd qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr, Sdbbhám 1.1.2.
2,2,2 L` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd k`r o`qdcdr .............................................. © 3/4 otkf.
2,2,3 fq`cn ehmn cdk rtdkn hmldch`s`ldmsd onq cdaìn cd k`r knr`r-nmfqntmc M2,2,3 L` dkdu`bhám cdk rtdkn rnaqd dk bt`k tm` knr`-nmfqntmc rd u` ` bnknb`q
......................................... ...................... © 3/4 dm. dr fdmdq`kldmsd l¿r che bhk cd bnmsqnk`q ptd k` cd k` rtodqehbhd cd gnqlhfám. L`
hmsdmbhám cd drsàkdbdq tm` snkdq`mbh` dkdu`bhám cd © 3/4 otkf. P`q` mhudk`bhám
ehm` onq cdaìn cd knr`r rnaqd sdqqdmn dr oqnonqbhnm`q tm dmsnqmn dm dk ptd
tm` hmrs`k`bhám cd knr` dm shdqq` otdcd btlokhq bnm whsn bnm knr qdpthrhsnr cd
drodrnq drsàkdbhcnr dm k` Sdbbhám 4.5.4 . Sh rd bnmrhcdq`m mdbdr`qhnr
qdpthrhsnr cd snkdq`mbh` l¿r drsqhbsnr onq dk drodbhehb`cnq, sdmf` dm btdms` tm`
snkdq`mbh` dkdu`bhám cd fq`cn ehmn cd © 1/2. Ers` snkdq`mbh` dr q`ynmàkd o`q`
òkhb`bhnmdr hmctrsqh`kdr cdahcn ` tm dpthon l¿r rnehrshb`cn rd tshkhy`
mnql`kldmsd o`q` drsàkdbdq k` dkdu`bhám cd fq`cn ehmn x cdahcn ` k` `bst`bhám
qdpthrhsnr o`q` knr`r hmctrsqh`kdr.
2)3+ Y nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bgfY XY YWWbzf M2,3+ Y nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bgfY XY YWWbzf
ljUf nYj Ud ljUf nYj Ud

chldmrhnmdr dm rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k cdsdqlhm`q dk drodrnq odqlhrhakd cd dkdldmsnr cd
gnqlhfám, n u`qh`bhám dm k` `mbgtq` cd k` àdqstq`.
2,3,/ Ek drodrnq cd knr dkdldmsnr, dwbdosn knr`r, cnmcd drodbhehb` chldmrhám M2,3,/ Imrodbbhám cd tm dmbneq`cn o`q` k` bnmenqlhc`c bnm k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd drodrnq cd
dm rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k dr bnknb`bhám drodbhehb`c`r otdcd hlokhb`q ldchbhnmdr `msdr cd k` bnknb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám.
12 otkf. O ldmnr ............................................. ........ + 3/8 dm. snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r rd òkhb`m `k dkdldmsn cd gnqlhfám sdqlhm`cn.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
M¿r cd 12 hm., mn l¿r cd 36 dm ........ + 1/2 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3/8 otkf.
M¿r cd 36 dm .............................................. ...... + 1 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
2,3,0 nb U q hUjYXY gjeUXU YeblbXg WgfljU Yd mYdg
Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cd chldmrhám ok`m: Dámcd chldmrhám dr 2 ohdr n

ldmnr ............................ + 3 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
Dnmcd chldmrhám dr l¿r cd 2 es ...................... + 6 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,3,1 Ad Y hY gj XY dU dg U m hYfXbXU ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, -1/4 dm. M2,3,1 Strodmchcnr (dkdu`c`) knr`r qdpthdqdm rákn ptd rd drsàkdyb` tm` snkdq`mbh`
o`q` k` dkdu`bhám x k` rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k cd chldmrhám. Erodrnq cd k`r knr`r
rtrodmchc`r dr cd hmsdq r oqhlnqch`k, onqptd k`r bnlo`× `r cd rdftqnr drsàkdbdm
2,3,1,/ L`r ltdrsq`r o`q` dk drodrnq cd k` knr`, bt`mcn rd snl`, cdadq¿
tm` qdrhrsdmbh` `k etdfn cd k` drsqtbstq`, cdodmchdmcn cd k` nbto`bhám. L`
ìtrs`qrd ` knr qdpthrhsnr cd k`r Sdbbhnmdr 4.5.4.1 sqù r 4.5.4.6.
qdrhrsdmbh` `k etdfn rd cdqhu` dm o`qsd cd k`r oqnohdc`cdr `hrk`msdr cd gnqlhfám x
dk drodrnq cd k` knr` cd gnqlhfám. Lnfq`q dk odq ncn l mhln cd rdo`q`bhám etdfn
dmsqd ok`ms`r cdodmcd dm o`qsd cd k` bnmrdbtbhám cd tm drodrnq l mhln.
L`r u`qh`bhnmdr dm k` dkdu`bhám cd `bdqn dqhfhcn n cd gnqlhfám oqdeàqhb`cn x dm k`r

cdekdwhnmdr cd k` btahdqs` lds¿khb` cd rnonqsd x dk l`qbn aìn dk odrn cdk gnqlhfám `
ldmtcn g`bdm ptd rd` mdbdr`qhn o`q` oqnonqbhnm`q drodrnq cd k` knr` `chbhnm`k dm
¿qd`r knb`kdr cnmcd k` hmsdmbhám dr oqnctbhq tm` knr` qdk`shu`ldmsd mhudk. Sd cdad
sdmdq bthc`cn o`q` `rdftq`q ptd dk rtlhmhrsqn `chbhnm`k cd gnqlhfám dm ynm`r knb`kdr
mn rnaqdb`qf` dk dmbneq`cn cdk sàkdqn n rnonqsd lds¿khbn. `tldmsn rhfmhehb`shun cd
drodrnq cd k` knr` otdcd sdmdq tm hlo`bsn mdf`shun dm dk qdmchlhdmsn drsqtbstq`k.
2,3,2 A hY gj XY dU dg U gVjY lYjjYfg M2,3,2 Erodbhehb`cnqdr cdadm `mshbho`q nbtqqdmbh`r knb`khy`c`r cd drodrnq
Pqnldchn cd snc`r k`r ltdrsq`r ..................................... -3/8 dm. qdctbhcn o`q` knr`r-nm-rtdkn. L` snkdq`mbh` cd drodrnq cd k` knr`-nm-rtdkn rd g`
drsàkdbhcn bnm qdrodbsn s`msn drodrnq oqnldchn o`q` snc`r k`r ltdrsq`r
Mtdrsq` hmchuhct`k .............................................. -3 / 4 hm. ldchc`r x tm drodrnq l mhln o`q` k`r ltdrsq`r hmchuhct`kdr.
Ct`mcn dk drodbhehb`cnq cdsdqlhm` qdpthrhsnr cd drs` rdbbhám rnm hm`cdbt`cnr

o`q` tm` òkhb`bhám o`qshbtk`q, dk drodbhehb`cnq cdad hmbnqonq`q cdmsqn cd k`r
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn oqnbdchlhdmsnr drodb ehbnr cd ltdrsqdn x bqhsdqhnr
cd `bdos`bhám o`q` sncnr knr dkdldmsnr ptd hlo`bs`m drodrnq cd knr`r rnaqd
sdqqdmn (Sdbbhnmdr R4.4.1, R4.4.5, x R4.5.4). Em s`k b`rn, oncq ` bnmrhcdq`qrd k`
onrhahkhc`c cd bnmsqnk drs`c rshbn cd k` rta-a`rd, k` dkdu`bhám cd k` rtodqehbhd cd
gnqlhfám, x drodrnq cd k` knr`.
2,3,2,/ Néldqn l mhln cd ltdrsq`r drodrnq cd k` knr`, bt`mcn rd snl`, M2,3,2,/ ltdrsq`r cd drodrnq rd snl`m ` udbdr dm bnlahm`bhám bnm nsq`r
rdq¿ cd bt`sqn (4) onq b`c` 5000 ohdr 2 n o`qsd cdk lhrln. oqtda`r, x k` hmenql`bhám nasdmhc` cd ptd k` oqtda` dr u¿khc` o`q` ehmdr
hmenql`shunr. ltdrsq`r cd drodrnq snl`c`r o`q` knr oqnoárhsnr cd k` du`kt`bhám
cd k` knr` bnm qdrodbsn ` k`r snkdq`mbh`r dm drs` ldlnqh` cdrbqhoshu`, rhm
dla`qfn, cdadm btlokhq bnm knr qdpthrhsnr cd drs` rdbbhám.
2,3,2,0 L`r ltdrsq`r rd snl`q¿m cdmsqn cd knr rhdsd (7) c `r cd k` bnknb`bhám. M2,3,2,0 Ek ltdrsqdn cdrot r cdk odq ncn cd 7 c `r drodbhehb`cn mn èdbs`q¿
mdf`shu`ldmsd ` knr u`knqdr ldchcnr; Shm dla`qfn, otdcd èdbs`q ` k` bò`bhc`c cd
snl`q ldchc`r bnqqdbshu`r.
2,3,2,1 L`r ltdrsq`r drs`q¿m rhst`cnr `k `y`q rnaqd k` rtodqehbhd cd dmr`xn x rd M2,3,2,1 ACI 228.2R bnmshdmd tm` chrbtrhám cd k`r udmsì`r x khlhs`bhnmdr cd knr
snl`q¿m onq dwsq`bbhám cd ltdrsq`r cd k` knr` n ldch`msd dk trn cd tm chronrhshun cd chudqrnr l sncnr cd dmr`xn. Um chronrhshun cd q`c`q cd otkrn bnqsn s`lah m otdcd
hlo`bsn cd dbn. oqnonqbhnm`q c`snr cd drodrnq cd k` knr`. L` oqdbhrhám cd drsd l sncn otdcd qdptdqhq
ptd rd snld tm méldqn l`xnq cd ltdrsq`r o`q` oqnonqbhnm`q dk lhrln fq`cn cd
ehàhkhc`c ptd knr l sncnr hcdmshehb`cnr dm drs` rdbbhám. Ek trn `cdbt`cn cd knr
2,3,2,1,/ Ct`mcn rd snl`m ltdrsq`r cdk mébkdn cd gnqlhfám, k`
dpthonr qdpthdqd b`khaq`bhám rdfém kn drsàkdbhcn dm D4748 ASTM x qdbnohk`bhám cd
knmfhstc cd b`c` ltdrsq` cd mébkdn rd cdsdqlhm`q¿ tshkhy`mcn ASTM C174 / c`snr cd bnmenqlhc`c bnm k`r chronrhbhnmdr cdk D4748 ASTM tshkhy`mcn tm` `msdm`
C174M. cd anbhm` cd mn bnms`bsn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,3,2,1,0 Um chronrhshun cd hlo`bsn cd dbn, bt`mcn rd tshkhy`, cdadq¿ rdq ASTM D4748 otdcd mn rdq òqnoh`cn o`q` rt trn dm ACI 302 Ck`rd 6-8
b`khaq`cn tr`mcn tm l mhln cd sqdr ktf`qdr `k `y`q cdmsqn cd k` ynm` cd ok`ms`r. ASTM D4748, k` Tàk` 1, ltdrsq` ptd dk gnqlhfám shdmd tm q`mfn
dmr`xn cnmcd rd ràd ptd k` rtodqehbhd dedbshu` cd bnmbqdsn. L` oqtda` cd bnmrs`msd chdk bsqhb` cd 6 ` 11 o`q` dk gnqlhfám cd bdldmsn onqsk`mc, odqn mn
hlo`bsn cd dbn rd kkdu`q¿ ` bàn cd `btdqcn bnm ASTM C1383. chrshmftd dmsqd `ks` cdmrhc`c n cd gnqlhfám cd aì` cdmrhc`c, kn ptd oncq `
`lokh`q bt`kpthdq dqqnq `rnbh`cn bnm rtonmhdmcn hmbnqqdbs`ldmsd dk chdk bsqhbn
oqnldchn bnmrs`msd. Sdbbhám 1.2 cdk l sncn cd dmr`xn ASTM ltdrsq`
oùhldmsnr bnm `tldmsn cd k` `sdmt`bhám cd k` rd×`k dkdbsqnl`fm shb` mn
cdad rdq ldchcnr bnm drsd l sncn. L` Nnql` ASTM, Sdbbhám 7.2.1 qdpthdqd n
mébkdnr qd`kdr o`q` k` b`khaq`bhám n oq¿bshb`r üldinq drshl`bhám cd knr
nodq`cnqdr cd b`lon. Sd qdbnlhdmc` ptd üldinq drshl`bhám mn otdcd
tshkhy`qrd o`q` ehmdr cd drsd cnbtldmsn.
2,3,2,2 Lnr qdrtks`cnr cdk dmr`xn rd oqdrdms`m dm tm` l`mdq` ptd odqlhs`
ptd knr c`snr ` rdq udqhehb`cnr n k` oqtda` o`q` rdq qdokhb`cnr.
2,3,2,3 Ct`mcn rd b`kbtk` dk oqnldchn cd snc`r k`r ltdrsq`r, k`r

ltdrsq`r bnm tm drodrnq cd l¿r cd 3/4 otkf. Snaqd dk drodrnq
drodbhehb`cn rd rtonmd ptd shdmd tm drodrnq cd 3/4 cd otkf`c`. M¿r ptd
dk drodrnq drodbhehb`cn.
2,3,2,4 Ct`mcn rd qdpthdqd tm` `bbhám bnqqdbshu`, ltdrsq`r `chbhnm`kdr

rdq¿m snl`c`r dm dk dmsnqmn cd qdrtks`cnr hm`bdosàkdr o`q` drsàkdbdq k`
dwsdmrhám cd k` `bbhám bnqqdbshu`.
2)4+ Y nbUWbzf XY dU UfWamjU XY dU UVYjlmjU gjeUXU g UdlmjU
2,4,/ Aodqstq` cd `mbgtq` n `kstq` ...........................- ldchn dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1 dm.
2)5+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbgfY jYdUlbnU g UfWamjU hUjU

Y WUdYjU
2,5,/ A WUdYjU ) eYXbXg U dg dUj g XY mfU dxfYU hUjUdYdU Ud YcY XY dU Y WUdYjU
Dhedqdmbh` dmsqd dk l`xnq x dk ldmnq cd qnc`ctq` n cd rtahc` dm bt`kpthdq utdkn

mn cdadq¿ dwbdcdq 3/8 otkf.
Dhedqdmbh` cd `kstq` cd bnmsq`gtdkk`r `cx`bdmsdr ldchcn dm k` m`qhy mn

dwbdcdq¿ cd 3/16 dm.
Dhedqdmbh` dm k` oqnetmchc`c cd a`mc`r cd qnc`ctq` `cx`bdmsdr mn dwbdcdq¿ cd 3/16 dm.
2)6+XY nbUWbzf XY hYfXbYflY g Unbzf
2,6,/ gtdkk` cd k` drb`kdq` cd `sq¿r g`bh` mnrhmf ................ © 1/4 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,6,0 mhYj bWbY gjeUXU U Xb lUfWbU XY /. hbY M2,6,0 Ersd dr tmn cd u`qhnr o¿qqènr ptd ànqc`m k` tahb`bhám `cdbt`c` cd k`r
Tnc`r k`r bnmchbhnmdr, ` ldmnr ptd rd hmchptd kn bnmsq`qhn dm drs` rdbbhám rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r. r`khc` knb`k cd k` rtodqehbhd enql`c` ` o`qshq cd k` odmchdmsd
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 0,3% n ok`mn drodbhehb`cn rd ànqc` dm drs` rdbbhám. Um` r`khc` cd 0,3% dr cd
òqnwhl`c`ldmsd 3/8 otkf. A tm` chrs`mbh` cd 10 ohdr. L`r snkdq`mbh`r rd a`r`m
cd drpthm` dwsdqhnq cd k` bnktlm` cd drpthm` dwotdrs` ......... © 0,2% dm tm 10 ohdr cd knmfhstc ldchcnr. Nn rd odqlhsd k` hmsdqonk`bhám n dwsqònk`bhám
cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k`r chldmrhnmdr l`xnqdr ptd n ldmnq ptd 10 ohdr. Osq`r
q`mtq`r itms` cd bnmsq`bbhám cd gnqlhfám uhrsn ... © 0,2% rdbbhnmdr, bnln k`r Sdbbhnmdr 4.1 x
4.4.2, drsàkdbdq tm` snkdq`mbh` fkna`k cd dkdldmsnr.
2,6,1 bjjY mdUjbXUXY XY dU mhYj bWbY gjeUXg jUXmUd g Vjm WU M2,6,1 Erodbhehb`cnqdr cdadm `mshbho`q hqqdftk`qhc`cdr knb`kdr dm k`r rtodqehbhdr
enql`c`r. Ek oqnoárhsn cd drsàkdbdq chedqdmsdr bk`rdr cd rtodqehbhd dr cdehmhq k`
hqqdftk`qhc`cdr àqtosnr rd ldchq¿m cdmsqn cd 1 otkf. cd k` hqqdftk`qhc`c. l`fmhstc cd k`r hqqdftk`qhc`cdr cd tm` l`mdq` ptd dr bnmrhrsdmsd bnm k` dwonrhbhám
hqqdftk`qhc`cdr cd k` rtodqehbhd fq`ct`kdr rd ldchq¿m ldch`msd k` cdk gnqlhfám bt`mcn drs¿ dm rdquhbhn. Cnln rd hmchb` dm k` Sdbbhám R4.4.3, dk
cdsdqlhm`bhám cd k` aqdbg` dmsqd dk gnqlhfám x k` rtodqehbhd bdqb` cd tm` s qlhmn ügnqlhfám ` k` uhrs` rd tshkhy` bnln rd cdehmd dm ACI Tdqlhmnknf ` gnqlhfám. Hnqlhfám
qdfk` 5 es, ldchc` dmsqd knr otmsnr cd bnms`bsn. ` k` uhrs` rd sq`s` dm k` Lhrs` cd udqhehb`bhám cd qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr, Sdbbhám 1.1.2.
Ek drodbhehb`cnq s`lah m cdad `mshbho`q sq`mrhbhnmdr aqtrb`r dm k` rtodqehbhd cd knr
Ck`rd A cd rtodqehbhd ............................................... . +1/8 dm. lhdlaqnr cnmcd rd tshkhy`m enql`r cd gtdbnr cd `bdqn rdfldms`qh` o`q` enql`q
lhdlaqnr cd k` drsqtbstq` cd ohrn. Ek drodbhehb`cnq cdad g`bdq qdedqdmbh` ` k` khrs` cd
Ck`rd B cd rtodqehbhd ............................................... . +1/4 dm. udqhehb`bhám qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr.

Ck`rd C Stodqehbhd ............................................... . + 1/2 otkf.
Ck`rd D Stodqehbhd ............................................... .... 1 dm.
2,6,2 snkdq`mbh`r cd sq¿ehbn `kd`snqhnr cd `bà`cn rtodqehbh`k aì` cdadq¿m btlokhq M2,6,2 Ek oqnoárhsn cd drsàkdbdq snkdq`mbh`r cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk ohrn dr cdehmhq k`r b`q`bsdq rshb`r cd
bnm knr qdpthrhsnr cd k` Sdbbhám 4.8.5 n 4.8.6, rdfém rd drodbhehb` dm knr rtodqehbhd ptd rnm cd hlonqs`mbh` o`q` knr ptd u` ` tshkhy`q k` rtodqehbhd. L`r cnr b`q`bsdq rshb`r cd
cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. k` rtodqehbhd ohdmr` ptd dr cd l`xnq hlonqs`mbh` o`q` ohrnr cd bnmbqdsn rnm ok`mhstc x mhudk`bhám.
Pk`mhstc otdcd rdq cdrbqhsn bnln atlohmdrr cd k` ok`ms`, x dr dk fq`cn dm dk ptd tm` rtodqehbhd cd
2,6,2,/ Um ¿qd` fdmdq`k drodbhehb`cn dr snc` k` rtodqehbhd cdk rtdkn rtdkn dr khrn n ok`mn. Nhudk`bhám dr dk fq`cn dm dk ptd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn dr o`q`kdk` ` k`
drodbhehb`cn o`q` ìtrs`qrd ` tm` bk`rhehb`bhám rtodqehbhd o`qshbtk`q. odmchdmsd drsàkdbhcn dm knr chatinr cdk oqnxdbsn. Dnr l sncnr rd hcdmshehb`m o`q` rt trn dm k`
du`kt`bhám cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk ohrn. Ek Shrsdl` F-Néldqn tshkhy`
c`snr snl`cnr ` hmsdqu`knr qdftk`qdr ` kn k`qfn cd k md`r tahb`c`r dm ktf`qdr `k `y`q rnaqd k`
2,6,2,0 L` bk`rhehb`bhám cd rtodqehbhdr cd snc`r k`r ok`ms`r rd drodbhehb`q¿ dm rtodqehbhd cd dmr`xn. Lnr l sncnr cdrbqhsnr tshkhy`m chedqdmsdr bqhsdqhnr o`q` du`kt`q knr c`snr
knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. `rbnmrsqtbsdc. Pnq kn s`msn, dr hlonqs`msd ptd dk drodbhehb`cnq cd rdkdbbhnm`q dk l sncn l¿r
òkhbàkd `k trt`qhn ehm`k cd k` ok`ms`. Ek mchbd cd nmctk`bhám otdcd tshkhy`qrd dm ktf`q cd knr cnr
2,6,2,1 C`c` tahb`bhám knr` hmchuhctn bnmrshsthq¿ tm` rtodqehbhd cd dmr`xn l sncnr hcdmshehb`cnr dm k`r Sdbbhnmdr 4.8.5 x 4.8.6 drodbhehb`mcn o`q¿ldsqnr drsàkdbhcnr dm k`
rdo`q`cn. khrs` cd bnmsqnk nobhnm`k. Amsdr cd bnmsq`s`q ` bnmrsqthq ` bt`kpthdq drodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` aì`,
rd rtfhdqd dk bnmrsqtbsnq du`kt`q knr c`snr cd k`r oqtda`r cd rtr oqnoh`r ok`ms`r. Lnr c`snr cdadm
rdq oqnbdr`cnr útr`mcn k` drodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` ok`ms` oqnotdrs` o`q` bnmehql`q tm`
bnloqdmrhám cdk dmenptd drodb ehbn x rtr hlokhb`bhnmdr rnaqd knr ldchnr x l sncnr cd
bnmrsqtbbhám oqnotdrsnr. Erodbhehb`cnqdr otdcdm qdptdqhq dk bnmrsqtbsnq o`q` cdlnrsq`q k`
bò`bhc`c cdlnrsq`c` ldch`msd oqtda`r hmrs`k`cnr onq dk bnmrsqtbsnq cd tm` knr` cd ohrn dwhrsdmsd.
6 ldch`msd k` drodbhehb`bhám cd o`q¿ldsqnr drsàkdbhcnr dm k` khrs` cd bnmsqnk nobhnm`k. Amsdr cd
bnmsq`s`q ` bnmrsqthq ` bt`kpthdq drodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` aì`, rd rtfhdqd dk bnmrsqtbsnq du`kt`q
knr c`snr cd k`r oqtda`r cd rtr oqnoh`r ok`ms`r. Lnr c`snr cdadm rdq oqnbdr`cnr útr`mcn k`
drodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` ok`ms` oqnotdrs` o`q` bnmehql`q tm` bnloqdmrhám cdk dmenptd
drodb ehbn x rtr hlokhb`bhnmdr rnaqd knr ldchnr x l sncnr cd bnmrsqtbbhám oqnotdrsnr.
Erodbhehb`cnqdr otdcdm qdptdqhq dk bnmrsqtbsnq o`q` cdlnrsq`q k` bò`bhc`c cdlnrsq`c` ldch`msd
oqtda`r hmrs`k`cnr onq dk bnmrsqtbsnq cd tm` knr` cd ohrn dwhrsdmsd. 6 ldch`msd k` drodbhehb`bhám cd
o`q¿ldsqnr drsàkdbhcnr dm k` khrs` cd bnmsqnk nobhnm`k. Amsdr cd bnmsq`s`q ` bnmrsqthq ` bt`kpthdq drodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh` a`
C`c` tmn cd knr l sncnr cdrbqhsnr dm dk oqdrdmsd cnbtldmsn oqnctbhq¿ tm qdrtks`cn
khfdq`ldmsd chedqdmsd. C`c` tmn cd knr dmenptdr cdrbqhsnr tshkhy` tm l sncn chedqdmsd o`q`
du`kt`q k` ok`mhstc. Ek Shrsdl` F-Néldqn

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
tshkhy` rákn 2 b`lahnr cd odmchdmsd ohdr (cdrok`y`lhdmsn cdrcd tm `bnqcd 2 es

bdmsqn). L` qdfk` l`mt`k x rhltk`bhám bnlots`qhy`c` cd knr l sncnr l`mt`kdr
rsq`hfgsdcfd `la`r l¿whl`r cd trn neerdsr cd `bnqcdr cd chedqdmsdr knmfhstcdr
g`rs` 10 ohdr.
P`q` cdr`qqnkk`q tm` bnloqdmrhám cd k` qdk`bhám dmsqd drsnr dmenptdr, dk Cnlhs

kkduá ` bàn tm drstchn cd rdhr fqtonr cd 100 odqehkdr hmchuhct`kdr b`c` tmn (600
dm sns`k). Lnr odqehkdr hmbktxdm sncnr knr mhudkdr cd b`khc`c ptd otdc`m rdq
oqnctbhcnr tshkhy`mcn s bmhb`r cd bnmrsqtbbhám `bst`kdr; b`c` tmn cd knr odqehkdr
etd cd 100 ohdr cd k`qfn. Tàk` R4.8.4 ltdrsq` knr qdrtks`cnr o`qbh`kdr cd drd
drstchn. Eu`kt`bhám cd knr qdrtks`cnr chn ktf`q ` knr u`knqdr cd snkdq`mbh` ptd
ehftq`m dm k`r rdbbhnmdr 4.8.5 x 4.8.6.
bk`rhehb`bhnmdr rtodqehbhd cdk rtdkn ptd rd ltdrsq`m dm k`r rdbbhnmdr 4.8.5 x
4.8.6 otdcd u`qh`q dm b`c` bnmudmbhnm`k dm dk dwsqdln hmedqhnq ` réodq ok`m` dm dk

dwsqdln `ksn cdk drodbsqn ok`mhstc / mhudk`bhám. Atmptd mn dwhrsd tm` bnqqdk`bhám
chqdbs` dmsqd knr l sncnr cd snkdq`mbh` cdrbqhsnr, bk`rhehb`c`r cd l`mdq` rhlhk`q
ok`ms`r dm k`r Sdbbhnmdr 4.8.5 x
4.8.6 cdadq ` oqnonqbhnm`q `k trt`qhn bnm k`r rtodqehbhdr cd rtdkn cd
òqnwhl`c`ldmsd dk lhrln ok`mdhc`c x mhudk`bhám.
L`r rtodqehbhdr cdk ohrn dm k` b`sdfnq ` bnmudmbhnm`k otdcdm rdq oqnctbhcnr

qtshm`qh`ldmsd tshkhy`mcn dmq`r`cn x s bmhb`r ptd hmbktxdm mhmftm` nodq`bhám
qdrsq`hfgsdmhmf cdrot r cd dmq`r`cn hmhbh`k cd `bà`cn. Ers` bk`rhehb`bhám cd k`
rtodqehbhd cdk rtdkn dm fdmdq`k mn dr bnlo`shakd bnm qdudrshlhdmsnr cd rtdknr s`kdr bnln
`kenlaq`r x rtdknr cd uhmhkn. snkdq`mbh`r rtodqehbhd cdk ohrn bnmudmbhnm`kdr rd òkhb`m
`cdbt`c`ldmsd ` k`r ¿qd`r s`kdr bnln r`k`r cd l¿pthm`r, k`r ynm`r mn oéakhb`r, n
rtodqehbhdr cdaìn cd ohrnr nqcdm`cnq dkdu`c` n `ytkdin cd drodrnq-rds.
L` bk`rhehb`bhám lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd k` rtodqehbhd qdptdqhq¿
qtshm`qh`ldmsd dk trn cd `bbdrnqhnr cd bnbhm` ekns`cnq o`q` k`r l¿pthm`r cd ekns`bhám cd
onsdmbh` n `kfém qdrsq`hfgsdmhmf cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk gnqlhfám ctq`msd dk `bà`cn
nodq`bhnmdr o`q` knfq`q bnmrhrsdmsdldmsd knr qdpthrhsnr cd ok`mdhc`c. L` rtodqehbhd
lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` qtshm`qh`ldmsd rd otdcd oqnctbhq ldch`msd dk trn cd tm` `lokh`
ekns`cnq snqn (8 ` 10 ohdr) o`q` rtùhy`q dk gnqlhfám x tm` qdfk` b`qqdsdq` lnchehb`cn
OUVdU M2,6,2+ewlgXg hUjU YnUdmUj hdUfYbXUX
10 ohdr rsq`hfgsdcfd l`mt`k cd

bk`rhehb`bhám cd rtdkn FF ok`mhstc (SOF F) l¿whln cd rdo`q`bhám, dm.
Cnmudmbhnm`k 20 0,628-0,284
lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` 25 0,569-0,254
Pk`mn 35 0,359-0,163
Mtx ok`mn 45 0,282-0,144

Ewsqòk`mn 60 0,253 ` 0,135
bk`rhehb`bhám cd rtdkn 10 ohdr rsq`hfgsdcfd

l¿whln l`mt`k cd dm.
cd rdo`q`bhám, f`l` SOF F
Cnmudmbhnm`k 1/2 17,4-27,7
lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` 3/8 20,3-34,9
Pk`mn 1/4 24,0-45,9
Mtx ok`mn 3/16 31,7-64,3
Ewsqòk`mn 1/8 37,7-109,3

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
` qdrsq`hfgsdm k` rtodqehbhd cdrot r cd k` sdqlhm`bhám cd k` o`r`c` hmhbh`k ekns`cnq

oncdq. Ek trn cd tm ohknsn bnm ok`snr cd ekns`cnq hmbnqonq`cn ` k`r o`kds`r cd k`
`khr`cnq` otdcd qdctbhq k` b`mshc`c cd qdrsq`hfgsdmhmf qdptdqhc` onq k` qdfk` b`qqdsdq`
lnchehb`cn. Um trn `cdbt`cn cd k`r rtodqehbhdr cd rtdkn bnm drs` bk`rhehb`bhám rd
¿qd`r cd dchehbhnr cd nehbhm`r bnldqbh`kdr n dchehbhnr hmctrsqh`kdr bnm sq¿ehbn cd
udg btknr cd aì` udknbhc`c `kenlaq`cn.
snkdq`mbh`r ohrn ok`mn rnm òqnoh`c`r o`q` rtdknr cd gnqlhfám aìn cd bdq¿lhb` cd
bò` cdkf`c`, a`kcnr`r cd uhmhkn, n btahdqs`r rhlhk`qdr. snkdq`mbh`r ohrn ok`mn s`lah m
rnm òqnoh`c`r o`q` rt trn dm `kl`bdmdr ptd dlokd`m b`qqdshkk`r dkdu`cnq`r
bnmudmbhnm`kdr x a`rshcnqdr. L` bk`rhehb`bhám ok`m` qdpthdqd qdrsq`hfgsdmhmf cdrot r
cd ekns`q x dr dk mhudk cd snkdq`mbh` l¿r `ks` onrhakd o`q` knr`r rtrodmchc`r.
Mtx snkdq`mbh`r cd rtdkn ok`m`r fdmdq`kldmsd rd khlhs`m ` òkhb`bhnmdr hmctrsqh`kdr

cd f`l` `ks`, s`k bnln oncq ` rdq mdbdr`qhn o`q` dk etmbhnm`lhdmsn dwhsnrn cd
b`lhnmdr cd `ks` udknbhc`c cd dkdu`bhám, o`kds`r cd `hqd, n dpthon rhlhk`q. Mékshokdr
qdrsq`hfgsdmhmfr dm lékshokdr chqdbbhnmdr rhfthdmsd s`msn dk ekns`msd x rd qdpthdqd e`rdr
hmhbh`kdr cd `bà`cn o`q` oqnctbhq ok`ms`r bnmenqldr ` snkdq`mbh`r ltx ok`m`r. Ek
trn cd tm` mhudk`cnq` k¿rdq n enql`r cd anqcd q fhcnr cd g`rs` 30 ohdr ò`qsd otdcd
knfq`q dk fq`cn qdptdqhcn cd mhudk`bhám.
L` b`sdfnq ` cd rtodq-ok`m` dr k` bk`rhehb`bhám cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk ohrn l¿r `ksn cd

sq¿ehbn `kd`snqhn b`khc`c ptd rd otdcd oqnctbhq cd enql` qtshm`qh` bnm k` sdbmnknf `
`bst`k. Snk`ldmsd knr bnmsq`shrs`r bt`khehb`cnr, tshkhy`mcn dpthonr rnehrshb`cnr, rdq¿m
bò`bdr cd `kb`my`q drsd mhudk cd b`khc`c. Rdrsq`hfgsdmhmf nodq`bhnmdr o`q` drs`
b`sdfnq ` aì` rnm l¿r qhftqnr`r ptd k` cdrbqhs` o`q` k` b`sdfnq ` ltx ok`m`. L`
b`sdfnq ` cd sq¿ehbn `kd`snqhn réodq ok`m` rákn dr òqnoh`cn o`q` òkhb`bhnmdr khlhs`c`r,
s`kdr bnln drstchnr cd oqnctbbhám cd sdkduhrhám.
Osqn shon cd rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn rtodq-ok`m`, ptd b`d etdq` cdk `kb`mbd cd
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cd sq¿ehbn `k `y`q, dr k` ptd rd qdpthdqd o`q` òkhb`bhnmdr cd
sq¿ehbn cdehmhc`r, s`kdr bnln o`rhkknr drsqdbgnr ohrnr cd `kl`bdmdr hmctrsqh`k. L`
`mbgtq` cdk o`rhkkn dm drs`r hmrs`k`bhnmdr dr s ohb`ldmsd cd òqnwhl`c`ldmsd 5
ohdr cd `mbgn, x k` gnkftq` drsqdbg` dmsqd knr udg btknr x a`rshcnqdr qdpthdqd k`
bnmrsqtbbhám cd tm` rtodqehbhd dwsqdl`c`ldmsd khr` x mhudk`c`. Lnr qdpthrhsnr cd
snkdq`mbh` mnql`kldmsd chbs`m bnknb`bhám shq` cd gnqlhfám tshkhy`mcn enql`r q fhc`r
drsqdbg`ldmsd dro`bh`cnr (òqnwhl`c`ldmsd 15 ohdr dm dk bdmsqn), odqn
nb`rhnm`kldmsd otdcdm knfq`qrd rhm k` bnknb`bhám drsqdbg` eq`mi` onq bnmsq`shrs`r
bt`khehb`cnr tshkhy`mcn dpthon rnehrshb`cn.
L` du`kt`bhám cd k` rtodq-ok`m` cdehmhc` bk`rhehb`bhám cd rtodqehbhdr cd sq¿ehbn

qdpthdqd cd s bmhb`r drodbh`khy`c`r ptd cdad rdq `bnqc`cn onq snc`r k`r o`qsdr
`msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám. Ek l sncn cd oqtda` cdad ldchq:
1. L` chedqdmbh` l¿whl` dkdu`bhám sq`mrudqr`k dmsqd gtdkk`r cd

qtdc`r;
2. L` chedqdmbh` l¿whl` dkdu`bhám dmsqd didr cdk`msdqn x sq`rdqn; x
3. L` s`r` l¿whl` cd b`lahn onq ohd o`q` 1 x 2 bnln dk udg btkn

rd cdrok`y` onq dk o`rhkkn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
Pk`mhstc cd gtdkk`r cd qtdc`r cd sq¿ehbn rd cdehmd s`lah m rd otdcd drodbhehb`q onq

qdedqdmbh` ` ASTM E1486, Sdbbhám 4.9.
Ek qdldchn cdk hmbtlokhlhdmsn cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd ok`mdhc`c cdehmhcnr

drodbhehb`cnr cdad rdq hmbkthcn dm kdmftìd cd drodbhehb`bhám. P`q` dk sq¿ehbn
`kd`snqh`r knr`r cd bhldms`bhám, dk qdldchn otdcd u`qh`q cd c`×nr x odqithbhnr,
`k qdbshehb`cn knb`khy`c`, ` k` òkhb`bhám cd tm qdkkdmn, o`q` k` dkhlhm`bhám x
rtrshstbhám, cdodmchdmcn cd k` ehm`khc`c o`q` k` ptd rd u` ` hmrs`k`q k` knr`. Ek
qdldchn o`q` hmrs`k`bhnmdr cd sq¿ehbn cdehmhc`r fdmdq`kldmsd lnkhdmc` cd knr
otmsnr `ksnr.
2,6,2,2 rtodqehbhdr cd oqtda` cdk ohrn cdadq¿m rdq ldchcnr x qdonqs`cnr cdmsqn M2,6,2,2 Ek oqnoárhsn cd drsàkdbdq tm k lhsd cd shdlon oqdcdsdqlhm`cn cd 72 gnq`r
cd 72 gnq`r cdrot r cd k` ehm`khy`bhám cd k`r nodq`bhnmdr cd `bà`cn cd dm k` ldchbhám cd rtodqehbhdr cd rtdkn dr o`q` duhs`q bt`kpthdq onrhakd bnmekhbsn rnaqd k`
gnqlhfám cd k` knr` x `msdr cd k` qdshq`c` cd k`r bnrs`r cd ònxn. `bdosàhkhc`c cd k` ok`ms` x o`q` `kdqs`q `k bnmsq`shrs` cd k` mdbdrhc`c cd lnchehb`q k`r
s bmhb`r cd `bà`cn dm k`r tahb`bhnmdr onrsdqhnqdr, rh dr mdbdr`qhn, o`q` knfq`q
bnmenqlhc`c. Tnc`r k`r knr`r rd dmbnfdq¿m; itms`r x fqhds`r dm knr`r rnaqd sdqqdmn rd
bdqq`q¿m bnm dk shdlon, qdrtks`mcn dm tm` rtodqehbhd ptd dr ldmnr ok`m` bnm dk o`rn
cdk shdlon. Sh k`r mdbdrhc`cdr cdk trt`qhn rnm s`kdr ptd tm qdsq`rn dm k` oqtda` dr
mdbdr`qh` o`q` odqlhshq k` hmrs`k`bhám dwhsnr` cd sqàìn onrsdqhnq, drsd qdpthrhsn o`q` k`r
oqtda`r cd qdsq`rn cdad hmchb`qrd bk`q`ldmsd dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr.
2,6,2,3 hmenqldr cd dmr`xn rd chrsqhatxdqnm `k oqnohds`qhn, dk `qpthsdbsn,

dk bnmsq`shrs` fdmdq`k, x dk bnmsq`shrs` cd dwok`m`bhám.
2,6,2,4 ldchbhnmdr cd k` rtodqehbhd cd dmr`xn mn cdad bqty`q knr b`lahnr oqduhrsnr M2,6,2,4 Em q`lo` (hmbkhm`cn) k`r rtodqehbhdr otdcdm rdq tm` snkdq`mbh` onq qdedqdmbh` `
dm odmchdmsd cd k` rtodqehbhd ohrn. E1486 ASTM n cd k` odmchdmsd oqnldchn cd 15 es ìtrsd cd l mhlnr bt`cq`cnr cd b`c`
k md` dmbtdrs` b`kbtk`cn cd bnmenqlhc`c bnm ASTM E1486, Sdbbhám 4.11 x k` Eb. (21),
(22), x (23). k md`r dmbtdrs` cdad rdq o`q`kdk` ` k` chqdbbhám cd k` odmchdmsd. Em knr b`rnr
cnmcd dk drodbhehb`cnq dkhfd o`q` oqnonqbhnm`q tm` snkdq`mbh` dm k`r itms`r cd
bnmrsqtbbhám, chronrhbhnmdr drodb ehb`r o`q` k` qdbnohk`bhám cd c`snr cdadm rdq hmbkthcnr
dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn.
2,6,2,5 Lnr qdrtks`cnr cdk dmr`xn rd oqdrdms`m dm tm` l`mdq` ptd odqlhs` ptd
knr c`snr ` rdq udqhehb`cnr n k`r oqtda`r o`q` rdq qdokhb`cnr.
2,6,3 ohrn sq¿ehbn `k `y`q snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn bnln M2,6,3 Ek Shrsdl` F-Néldqn du`ké` k` ok`mhstc cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn ldch`msd k`
ldchcn cd `btdqcn bnm ASTM E1155 rd ìtrs`q¿m ` knr qdpthrhsnr ldchbhám cd knr b`lahnr cd odmchdmsd rnaqd tm` chrs`mbh` cd 2 ohdr. Erodb ehbnr cdk
rhfthdmsdr: oqnbdchlhdmsn cd dmr`xn rnm chbs`c`r onq k` mnql` ASTM E1155. Lnr c`snr cd b`lahn
cd odmchdmsd cd 2 ohdr rd du`ké`m o`q` cdr`qqnkk`q tm` drshl`bhám cd k` ok`mhstc cdk ohrn.
2,6,3,/ u`knqdr fdmdq`kdr drodbhehb`cnr o`q` k` ok`mdhc`c (SOF F) Ek rhrsdl` du`ké` k` mhudk`bhám cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn ldch`msd k` ldchbhám cd knr
x k` mhudk`bhám (SOF L) rd ìtrs`q¿m ` k`r Ck`rhehb`bhnmdr cd rtdkn cd rtodqehbhd b`lahnr cd `kstq` bnm qdrodbsn ` tm ok`mn gnqhynms`k x dmsqd otmsnr rdo`q`cnr onq tm`
drodbhehb`cnr, bnln rd hmchb` dm k` Tàk` 4.8.5.1. chrs`mbh` cd 10 ohdr. L` du`kt`bhám cd drs`r chedqdmbh`r cd dkdu`bhám 10 es o`q`
cdr`qqnkk`q tm` drshl`bhám cd k` mhudk`bhám cdk ohrn. Lnr méldqnr l¿r `ksnr hmchb`m ptd
rd hmenql` ldinq b`khc`c dm k` b`q`bsdq rshb` cd rtodqehbhd.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
OUVdU ewlgXg A//33 2,6,3,/+9NOH
bk`rhehb`bhám Erodbhehb`cn ok`mhstc Erodbhehptd k` mhudk`bhám

Stodqehbhd cdk rtdkn fkna`k SOF F fdmdq`k SOF L
Cnmudmbhnm`k 20 15
lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` 25 20
Pk`mn 35 25
Mtx ok`mn 45 35
Ewsqòk`mn 60 40
2,6,3,0 k` SOF F x SOF L Lnr u`knqdr rd òkhb`q¿m émhb`ldmsd ` k` M2,6,3,0 Lnr u`knqdr fdmdq`kdr drodbhehb`cnr SOF F x SOF L rnm k` F F x F L méldqnr
rtodqehbhd sns`k drodbhehb`cn x rhm rtachuhrhám cd k` lhrl`. ` knr ptd k` rtodqehbhd cdk rtdkn oqnxdbsn sdqlhm`cn cdad rdq bnmenqld
bnmrhcdq`c` dm rt bnmitmsn. F ch`qh` F/ F L

knr qdrtks`cnr otdcdm u`qh`q onq dmbhl` x onq cdaìn cd SOF F/ SOF L rhm
bnmrdbtdmbh`, rhdloqd ptd: `) ptd knr qdrtks`cnr `btltk`shunr dm ékshl`
hmrs`mbh` hft`k n dwbdc` SOF F/ SOF L, x a) ptd k` MLF drodbhehb`cn F x FML L Lnr
u`knqdr rnm r`shredbgnr dm sncnr knr ktf`qdr. Ek Shrsdl` F-Néldqn oqnonqbhnm`
knr sns`kdr `btltk`cnr ch`qhnr cd k`r ynm`r `fqdf`c` dm ktf`q cd ptd rd`m
ldmnq ptd, hft`k `, x ldinq ptd SOF F x SOF L. Em bnmrdbtdmbh`, cdrot r cd snc`
k` ok`ms` rd g` hmrs`k`cn, dk rhrsdl` odqlhsd dk b¿kbtkn hmldch`sn cd c`×nr x
odqithbhnr dm a`rd ` k`r ¿qd`r `fqdf`c`r ehm`kdr cdedbstnr` dm qdk`bhám bnm
bt`kpthdq` SOF F n SOF L
(Ln ptd rd nashdmd k` odm` l¿r fq`mcd).
2,6,3,1 knr u`knqdr knb`kdr l mhlnr o`q` k` ok`mhstc (FML F) M2,6,3,1 Akftmnr u`qh`bhám knb`k cd b`khc`c cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk ohrn cdad rdq
x k` mhudk`bhám (MLF L) rdq¿ hft`k ` 3/5 cd k` SOF F x SOF L u`knqdr, `mshbho`c` onq dk drodbhehb`cnq, onq ltbgn ptd tmn cdad `mshbho`q u`qh`bhnmdr dm
qdrodbshu`ldmsd, ` ldmnr ptd rd hmchptd kn bnmsq`qhn. knr qdrtks`cnr cd dmr`xnr cd bnloqdrhám cd gnqlhfám. Ers`r u`qh`bhnmdr otdcdm
rdq b`tr`c`r onq rtbdrnr mnql`kdr, s`kdr bnln shdlon cd eq`ft`cn hmbnmrhrsdmsd
cd gnqlhfám, knr b`lahnr dm k`r bnmchbhnmdr `lahdms`kdr, n qdsq`rnr dm k`
dmsqdf` n k` bnknb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám. L` FML drodbhehb`c` F x FML L Lnr u`knqdr
drsàkdbdm k` b`khc`c cd k` rtodqehbhd l mhl` ptd rd` `bdosàkd dm bt`kpthdq
o`qsd cd bt`kpthdq` cd k`r tahb`bhnmdr bnmbqds`r. L` dwodqhdmbh` g` cdlnrsq`cn
ptd dk trn cd gdqq`lhdms`r x s bmhb`r ptd fdmdq`kldmsd r`shre`bdq SOF
drodb ehb` F/ SOF L qdpthrhsnr o`q` k` bnknb`bhám cdk gnqlhfám dm fdmdq`k s`lah m
rnm rtehbhdmsdr o`q` r`shre`bdq k` MLF `rnbh`cn F/ FML L qdpthrhsnr dm k`r ¿qd`r
knb`kdr l mhl`r. L` `bdos`bhám n qdbg`yn cd tm l mhln cd ¿qd` knb`k qdpthdqd
ptd k` qdbnohk`bhám cd c`snr cdmsqn cdk ¿qd` knb`k l mhln dm btdrshám btlokd bnm
knr qdpthrhsnr cd k` mnql` ASTM E1155. cdahcn ` k` FML F x FML L, dm sdnq `, cdehmhq
k` rtodqehbhd éshk l mhl`, FML F/ FML L cdedbsnr mnql`kldmsd qdpthdqdm lnchehb`bhám
e rhb` (dr cdbhq, lnkdq, snoohmf, n k` dkhlhm`bhám x rtrshstbhám) cd sncn dk ¿qd` knb`k
l mhln èdbs`c`.
2,6,3,2 k` SOF L x FML L k`r snkdq`mbh`r cd gnqhynms`khc`c rákn rd òkhb`q¿m ` M2,6,3,2 b`ladq hmhbh`k, btqkhmf, x k` cdekdwhám èdbs`m mdf`shu`ldmsd ` k`
knr`r-nm-rtdkn cd mhudk, n ` knr`r cd mhudk rtrodmchcn ptd drs¿m òtms`k`cnr bnmenqlhc`c cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn ` tm ok`mn. Lhlhs`q dk trn cd F L ` k`
bt`mcn rd oqtda`. du`kt`bhám cdk mhudk cd knr`r-nmfqntmc x knr`r cd mhudk rtrodmchcn `msdr rd
dkhlhm`m nqhkk`r n enql`r `rdftq` ptd k` mhudk`bhám cd k` ok`ms` rd du`ké` bnm
oqdbhrhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,6,4 ohrn sq¿ehbn `k `y`q snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn bnln M2,6,4 Ek dmenptd qdfk` l`mt`k cd du`ké` k` ok`mhstc cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn
ldchcn bnknb`mcn l`mt`kldmsd tm hmcdodmchdmsd (tmkdudkdc) 10 ohdr ldch`msd k` bnknb`bhám cd tm 10 ohdr cd k`qfn qdfk` rnaqd k` rtodqehbhd cdk rtdkn x k`
qdfk` dm bt`kpthdq o`qsd cd k` knr` x odqlhshq ptd cdrb`mrd cd enql` m`stq`k ldchbhám cd k` chrs`mbh` l¿whl` ptd rd oqnctbd dm uhqstc cd k` qdfk` x dmsqd knr
rnaqd k` rtodqehbhd cd dmr`xn rd ìtrs`q¿m ` knr qdpthrhsnr rhfthdmsdr: otmsnr cd ònxn.
2,6,4,/ Ek gtdbn cdaìn cd k` qdfk` x dmsqd knr otmsnr cd ònxn mn M2,6,4,/ L`r ldchbhnmdr cdadm qd`khy`qrd dmsqd knr otmsnr cd ònxn qdfk`
dwbdcdq¿ cd bt`kpthdq` cd knr u`knqdr dmtldq`cnr o`q` k` Ck`rhehb`bhám cd x odqodmchbtk`q ` rt a`rd. aqdbg`r l¿r odptd×`r dmsqd k` qdfk` x k`
rtdkn rtodqehbhd drodbhehb`c` dm k` Tàk` 4.8.6.1. rtodqehbhd cd ònxn rnm hmchb`shunr cd tm` l`xnq b`khc`c cd ok`mdhc`c. Ek
trn cd drsd dmenptd qdpthdqd ptd dk 90% cd k`r ltdrsq`r cd c`snr cdad
btlokhq bnm u`knqdr dm k` rdftmc` bnktlm`, x dk 100% cd k`r ltdrsq`r cd
c`snr cdad btlokhq bnm u`knqdr dm k` sdqbdq` bnktlm`. Ersd l sncn mn dr kn
OUVdU 2,6,4,/+HUfmUd ewlgXg XY jY dU
rtehbhdmsdldmsd oqdbhr` o`q` du`kt`q b`sdfnq `r ltx ok`m` x rtodq-ok`mnr.
Hnkftq` l¿whl` ltdrsq`r Hnkftq` l¿whl` ltdrsq`r
bk`rhehb`bhám 90% cd btlokhlhdmsn ptd mn 100% cd btlokhlhdmsn ptd mn
Stodqehbhd cdk rtdkn dwbdc` dwbdc`
Cnmudmbhnm`k 1/2 dm. 3/4 otkf.
lncdq`c`ldmsd ok`m` 3/8 otkf. 5/8 otkf.
Pk`mn 1/4 otkf. 3/8 otkf.
Mtx ok`mn N/A N/A
Ewsqòk`mn N/A N/A
2,6,4,0 Lnr rhfthdmsdr qdpthrhsnr l mhlnr cd ltdrsqdn rd òkhb`q¿m o`q` M2,6,4,0 Em dk lnldmsn dm ptd rd oqdo`qá dk cnbtldmsn, k` drodbhehb`bhám
rtodqehbhdr cd oqtda` du`kt`c`r tr`mcn drsd l sncn cd snkdq`mbh`: `bdos`c` mhmftm` ` mhudk m`bhnm`k rd g` cdr`qqnkk`cn o`q` fnadqm`q k` du`kt`bhám cd
tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn tshkhy`mcn drsd oqnbdchlhdmsn; onq kn s`msn, knr qdpthrhsnr
l mhlnr cd ltdrsqdn rd g`m drsàkdbhcn dm drs` rdbbhám. Ek drodbhehb`cnq otdcd
2,6,4,0,/ Um` rtodqehbhd cd oqtda` rd bnmrhcdq` o`q` r`shre`bdq oqnonqbhnm`q oqnbdchlhdmsnr `ksdqm`shunr rhdloqd ptd rd drsàkdbdm qdpthrhsnr cd k`r
snkdq`mbh`r drodbhehb`c`r rh btlokd bnm k`r khlhs`bhnmdr cd l¿whl` oqtda`r drodb ehb`r x knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám. Lnr qdrtks`cnr cdk dmr`xn cdadm rdq
GAP-tmcdqsgd-rsq`hfgsdcfd c`c`r dm k` Sdbbhám 4.8.6.1 `msdqhnqldmsd. L` qdonqs`cnr cd tm` l`mdq` ptd odqlhshq¿ ptd knr c`snr ` rdq udqhehb`cnr n k` oqtda`
chro`qhc`c l¿whl` dmsqd tm` btdqc` sdmr` drshq`c` dmsqd k`r drpthm`r o`q` rdq qdokhb`cnr. Ak tshkhy`q drsd dmenptd o`q` du`kt`q k`r rtodqehbhdr cdk rtdkn,
hmedqhnqdr dm knr dwsqdlnr cd k` qdfk` x k` b`q` hmedqhnq cd k` qdfk` mn rdq¿ mhudk`bhám drs¿ rtidsn ` k`r chronrhbhnmdr cd k` Sdbbhám 4.4.1; dk dmenptd l`mt`k cd
rtodqhnq ` 1/32 dm. Em bt`kpthdq otmsn. qdfk` mn lhcd chqdbs`ldmsd k` mhudk`bhám.
2,6,4,0,0 Ek méldqn l mhln cd ltdrsq`r = (0,01) cd ¿qd` o`q` ¿qd`r

cd rtdkn ldchcn dm es 2. Um` ltdrsq` dr tm` émhb` bnknb`bhám cd k` qdfk`.
2,6,4,0,1 Oqhdms`bhám cd k` qdfk` rdq¿ o`q`kdk`r, odqodmchbtk`qdr n dm

tm ¿mftkn cd 45 fq`cnr ` l¿r k`qfn itms` cd bnmrsqtbbhám ptd cdkhlhs` k`
rtodqehbhd cd oqtda`.
2,6,4,0,2 Um méldqn hft`k cd ltdrsq`r rd snl`q¿m dm chqdbbhnmdr

odqodmchbtk`qdr.
2,6,4,0,3 L`r ltdrsq`r rd chrsqhatxdm cd l`mdq` tmhenqld rnaqd k` rtodqehbhd cd
dmr`xn.
2,6,4,0,4 tahb`bhnmdr bdmsdqonhms qdfk` o`q` ltdrsq`r mn cdadq¿m

drs`q ` ldmnr cd 5 ohdr.
2,6,4,0,5 Lnr qdrtks`cnr cdk dmr`xn rd oqdrdms`m dm tm` l`mdq` ptd

odqlhs` ptd knr c`snr ` rdq udqhehb`cnr n k` oqtda` o`q` rdq qdokhb`cnr,
bnln tm ok`m cd bkùd ptd ltdrsq` k` tahb`bhám bdmsdqonhms qdfk` x
nqhdms`bhám qdfk`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
2,6,4,1 Sd `clhshq¿ tm` rhltk`bhám bnlots`qhy`c` cd tm` oqtda` qdfk` M2,6,4,1 Um` rhltk`bhám hmenql`shy`c` cd tm dmenptd qdfk` l`mt`k rd otdcd
10 ohdr hmcdodmchdmsd o`q` rdq tshkhy`cn bnln tm` `ksdqm`shu` `k tshkhy`q o`q` du`kt`q k` ok`mhstc cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn. Lnr c`snr rd snl`qnm
oqnbdchlhdmsn cd dmr`xn drsàkdbhcn dm knr okhdfnr cd bnmchbhnmdr n dk tr`mcn tm hmrsqtldmsn ptd mn rd` tm` qdfk` x oqnbdr`cnr útshkhy`mcn tm`
o¿qqèn `msdqhnq. oqnbdchlhdmsnr cd qdbnkdbbhám cd c`snr x du`kt`bhám cd bnlots`cnq` o`q` oqnctbhq qdrtks`cnr rhlhk`qdr ` knr nasdmhcnr tr`mcn tm` qdfk`
c`snr cdadm btlokhq bnm knr qdpthrhsnr drsàkdbhcnr dm knr okhdfnr cd l`mt`k. Ersd l sncn qdpthdqd ptd knr c`snr rd qdbnfhdqnm ` kn k`qfn cd k md`r cd
bnmchbhnmdr n k` Sdbbhám 4.8.6.2. tm` l`mdq` rhlhk`q ` k` cdrbqhs` onq E1155 ASTM n ASTM E1486. L` ok`mhbhc`c rd
du`ké` lnuhdmcn tm rhltk`cn cd 10 ohdr cd k`qfn qdfk` ` kn k`qfn cd b`c` k md` cd
c`snr ` hmsdqu`knr cd 1 ohd. Nn drs¿mc`q ASTM g` rhcn cdr`qqnkk`cn o`q` fnadqm`q k`
du`kt`bhám cd tm` rtodqehbhd cd rtdkn tshkhy`mcn drsd oqnbdchlhdmsn, onq kn ptd dk
drodbhehb`cnq cdad oqnonqbhnm`q qdpthrhsnr cd k`r oqtda`r drodb ehb`r x bqhsdqhnr cd
`bdos`bhám ptd rd cdrbqhadm dm k` Lhrs` cd udqhehb`bhám qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr. Lnr
qdrtks`cnr cdadm rdq qdoqnctbhakdr. Ak tshkhy`q drsd dmenptd o`q` du`kt`q k`r
rtodqehbhdr cdk rtdkn, mhudk`bhám drs¿ rtidsn ` k`r chronrhbhnmdr cd k` Sdbbhám 4.4.1;
k` rhltk`bhám bnlots`qhy`c` cd tm dmenptd l`mt`k cd qdfk` mn lhcd chqdbs`ldmsd k`
mhudk`bhám. Ek drodbhehb`cnq rd `bnmrdi` ptd dk rnesv`qd `bst`k chronmhakd o`q` k`
rhltk`bhám bnlots`qhy`c` cd tm` qdfk` cd 10 ohdr hmcdodmchdmsd mn btlokd bnm knr
qdpthrhsnr cd k` Sdbbhám 4.8.6.2.
2,6,5 R` y bt`cq`c` ldch` (RMS) Tnkdq`mbh` cd mhudk`bhám dm hm./es o`q`

rtdknr ` oqnoárhsn hmbkhm`cnr dm tm` chqdbbhám rd nasdmcq¿ onq knr
qdpthrhsnr cdk otmsn 4.11 cd k` mnql` ASTM E1486. C`c` k md` dmbtdrs`
tshkhy`c` dm dk b¿kbtkn RMS mhudk`bhám rdq¿ o`q`kdkn bnm knr cdl¿r x snc`r
k`r k md`r rdq¿ dm dk rdmshcn cdk o`rn n cd hmbkhm`bhám.
2)7+ Y mYlYUXg hjg mfXbXUX Yf dg U Yf hdUflU
2,7,/ Pqnetmchc`c cd k` itms` rdftdsd`cn ............................... © 1/4 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI 3+ 9NO+WgfWjYlg Yf dU Y ljmWlmjU Yf dU bflYj Ur JI MA 9NO agjeb zf

N9GQJ DJMHECuI OEGO+P
L`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám x lnmsìd cd dkdldmsnr oqdeàqhb`cnr cd gnqlhfám

mn rnm o`qsd cd drs` mnql`. Cnmrtksd ITG-7 üErodbhehb`bhám o`q` Tnkdq`mbh`r o`q`
Pqdb`rs Cnmbqdsd o`q` snkdq`mbh`r cd gnqlhfám oqdeàqhb`cn. Tnkdq`mbh`r dm drs` mnql`
rd òkhb`m ` lnkcd`cn dm dk ktf`q dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám ptd hmsdq`bsé`m bnm dkdldmsnr
oqdeàqhb`cnr cd gnqlhfám.
L`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmbqdsn oqdeàqhb`cn rd drodbhehb`m dm k` Sdbbhám 15.
3,/ GU XY nbUWbzf XY YdYnUlbgf+ 3,/ GU XY nbUWbzf XY YdYnUlbgf+ agjeb zf

agjeb zf WgdUXg bf blm WgdUXg bf blm
3,/,/ rUhUlU Ub dUXU ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/2 dm. M3,/,/ yò`s` `hrk`c` Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.1.1.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 2 dm.
3,/,0 rUhUlU WgflbfmU ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/2 dm. M3,/,0 yò`s` bnmshmt` Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.1.2.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1 dm.

Fhf. Yò`s` `hrk`c`-R5.1.1: uhrs` dm `ky`cn.
. Vhrs` dm `ky`cn: Fhf ohd R5.1.2-bnmshmt`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
3,/,1 bdU ljU ) hYXY lUdY ) WgdmefU q ,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/4 otkf. M3,/,1 Phk`rsq`r, odcdrs`kdr x bnktlm`r Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.1.3.
......................................................................... - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
3,/,2 ewf mdU bfXbnbXmUdY ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/4 otkf. M3,/,2 q M3,/,3 l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr x r`khdmsdr bnmshmtnr Rdeh q`rd ` k`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf. Fhf. R5.1.4 x R5.1.5.
3,/,3 Wgjfb U WgflbfmU ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/4 otkf.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
3,/,4 UjYXY ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,, ( 1/4 otkf.

......................................................................... - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
3,/,5 Wgfcmflg XY mhYj bWbY XY Uhgqg UVjbWUXg AeVYXXYX

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,, ( 1/4 otkf.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
3,/,6 Cjgml ddYfg XY eUf mblg XY UWYjg XY YehUdeY ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, © 1/2 dm.
3,/,6,/ Aqqha` cd k` drohf` hmbqtrs`cn .................... © 1/2 dm.

Fhf. R5.1.3-ohk`rsq`r, odcdrs`kdr, x bnktlm`r: uhrs` dm `ky`cn.
3,/,6,0 Tno cdk l`mfthsn hmbqtrs`cn ...................... 1 dm.

...................................................................... - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
3,/,7 Yjfg XY UfWdUcY ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, bnmrtksd k` Sdbbhám 2.3.4
3,/,/. hdUWU YeVYVbXU ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, © 1 dm.
3,/,// Ef Yjlg q Wgfcmflg Wgf bf YjWbgfY ,,,,,, © 1/2 dm.
3,/,/0 YdYeYflg YehgljUXg U jU XY dU mhYj bWbY XY agjeb zf bf gjeU) YpWYhlg dU
eUf U ddYfU XY dYWaUXU ,,,,, © 1/2 dm.
Fhf. R5.1.4 x R5.1.5-Imchuhct`k l mrtk`r n r`khdmsdr bnmshmtnr: uhrs` dm

`ky`cn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
3,0 GU XY nbUWbzf XY mVbWUWbzf+ 3,0 GU XY nbUWbzf XY mVbWUWbzf+ agjeb zf

agjeb zf WgdUXg bf blm WgdUXg bf blm
3,0,/ XY nbUWbzf agjbrgflUd
3,0,/,/ P`q` tm o`rn g`bh` àìn dm a`rd bnmshmt` .... + 1 dm. M3,0,/,/ P`q` tm o`rn g`bh` àìn dm a`rd bnmshmt` -Rdedqhqrd `
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3 dm. Fhf. R5.2.1.1.
3,0,/,0 Phk`rsq`r, odcdrs`kdr, bnktlm`r x ........ © 1 otkf. M3,0,/,0 Phk`rsq`r, odcdrs`kdr x bnktlm`r Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.2.1.2.
3,0,/,1 l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr .................................. © 1 otkf. M3,0,/,1 l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.2.1.3.
3,0,/,2 Stodqhnqdr cd k`r o`qdcdr ........................................ © 1/2 dm.
3,0,/,3 bnmitmsnr cd rtodqehbhd cd ònxn eàqhb`c` ` q`r bnm k` rtodqehbhd cd

gnqlhfám ..................................... © 1/2 dm .
3,0,/,4 dlo`kld l`mfthsn cd `bdqn Gqnts kkdmn
3,0,/,4,/ s`bn hmbnqonq`cn n l`mf` .......... © 1/4 dm.
3,0,/,5 Lnr odqmnr cd `mbkìd ................. rd qdehdqdm ` k` Sdbbhám 2.3.4
. Vhrs` dm `ky`cn: Fhf ohd R5.2.1.1-bnmshmt`.

3,0,/,6 Dhrs`mbh` dmsqd k`r rtodqehbhdr udqshb`kdr dm dwsqdlnr notdrsnr cd tm
lhdlaqn oqdeàqhb`cn ............. © 1 dm.
3,0,/,7 ok`b`r dladahc`r .................................. © 1 otkf.
3,0,/,/. Imrdqsnr x bnmitmsnr bnm hmrdqbhnmdr .... © 1/2 dm.
3,0,/,// dkdldmsnr dlonsq`cnr ` q`r bnm k` rtodqehbhd cd gnqlhfám enql`cn

........................................... . © 1/2 dm.
Fhf. R5.2.1.2-ohk`rsq`r, odcdrs`kdr, x bnktlm`r: uhrs` dm ok`ms`.
bnqadk Fhf R5.2.1.3-Imchuhct`k:. uhrs` dm ok`ms`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
3,1 GU XY nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bzf8 agjeb zf 3,1 GU XY nbUWbzf XY XbeYf bzf8 agjeb zf
WgdUXg bf blm WgdUXg bf blm
3,1,/ dgf blmX Y hYWb bWUXU
3,1,/,/ Pqnxdbbhám cd l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr x r`khdmsdr bnmshmtnr cd k` M3,1,/,/ Pqnxdbbhám cd l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr x bnqmhr`r bnmshmt`r cd k`
b`q` cd ònxn ........ © 3/8 dm. b`q` cd ònxn Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.3.1.1 (`) x (a).
3,1,/,0 L`r o`qdcdr n uhf`r cnmcd knr lhdlaqnr oqdeàqhb`cnr rd ònx`m `lanr M3,1,0,/ l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr Rdeh q`rd ` k` Fhf. R5.3.2.1.
dwsqdlnr ......................................... ........ -1 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
3,1,/,1 l`mf` cd `bdqn o`q` dlo`kld l`mfthsn cd `bdqn kdbg`c` kkdm`

......................................... .................... -1/4 dm.
3,1,0 UfWag Y hYWb bWUXg
3,1,0,/ l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr .............................. © 3/8 hm.
3,1,0,0 L`r o`qdcdr, bt`mcn `r rd drodbhehptd `mbgtq` dr 12 otkf. O ldmnr
...................................................................... + 3/8 otkf.
...................................................................... - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
M¿r cd 12 otkf., Pdqn mn l¿r cd 36 otkf.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3/8 otkf.
M¿r cd 36 otkf. ............................................. .. 1 dm.

...................................................................... - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
3,1,0,1 Ewotdrsn bnmitms` dwsdqhnq udqshb`k bnm tm o`mdk oqdeàqhb`cn
3,1,0,1,/ H`rs` © 1/3 cd k` `mbgtq` cd k` itms` x ptd mn dwbdc` © 1/2

dm.
3,1,0,1,0 L` u`qh`bhám dm k` `mbgtq` ` sqù r cd bt`kpthdq onqbhám cd 10 ohdr cd k` knmfhstc

Fhf R5.3.1.1-Pqnxdbbhám cd l mrtk` hmchuhct`k x r`khdmsdr bnmshmtnr:. Vhrs` dm
cd tmhám n k` knmfhstc bnlokds` rh ldmnr cd 10 ohdr
ok`ms`.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.
Fhf. R5.3.2.1-Ambgtq` cd l mrtk` hmchuhct`k: uhrs` dm ok`ms`.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
3)2+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf Yf Yd WgcbfYlY XY dU mhYj bWbY XY M,3,2+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf Yf Yd WgcbfYlY XY dU mhYj bWbY XY
mfXbWbzf Yf Yd dm Uj WgfWjYlg ebXY Yf dgf blmX g UfWamjU XY mfXbWbzf Yf Yd dm Uj WgfWjYlg ebXY Yf dgf blmX g UfWamjU XY
dU mhYj bWbY XY Uhgqg dU mhYj bWbY XY Uhgqg
3,2,/ P`qdcdr cnmcd `mbgtq` drodbhehb`c` dr Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R5.4.

12 otkf. O ldmnr ............................................. ........ © 1/8 dm. M`xnq ptd
12 dm ................................ .. ......... © 1/4 dm.
3,2,0 l mrtk`r hmchuhct`kdr ..................................... © 1/8 dm.
3,2,1 qdohr`r bnmshmt`r ................................... © 1/8 dm.
Fhf R5.4-cdruh`bhám cd ok`mn dm k` rtodqehbhd cd bnihmdsd:. Vhrs` dm `ky`cn.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
3. A hYWb bWUWbgfY hUjU dU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU Wgf ljmWWbzf q dg eUlYjbUdY XY WgfWjYlg 9 E //5+/. q Yd WgeYflUjbg
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI 4+H9NJIAMt9
Ers` drodbhehb`bhám mn rd qdehdqd ` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd l`lonrsdq `. Cnmrtksd P`q` tm` nqhdms`bhám x k`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k` `ka`×hkdq `, dk drodbhehb`cnq cdad
ACI 530.1, üErodbhehb`bhám o`q` Ersqtbstq`r cd l`lonrsdq ` x Cnlldms`qx, qdedqhqrd ` k` dchbhám l¿r qdbhdmsd cd üErodbhehb`bhám o`q` Ersqtbstq`r cd M`lonrsdq `
o`q` snkdq`mbh`r cd l`lonrsdq `. (TMS 602 / ACI 530.1 / ASCE 6).

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI 5+WU l+bf+ dUWY) QAMOE 9G NGE BJMHA JINOMP EuI A

AGAHAIOJN
5)/+ Y nbUWbzf XY hdgeUXU hUjU YXb bWbg q f WdYg M5,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU hUjU YXb bWbg q f WdYg
5,/,/ GU ljUXmWWbzf q dU jglUWbzf XY mf hmflg bcg Yf dU VU Y XY dU Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R7.1.

Y ljmWlmjU
Hdhfgsr 100 ohdr n ldmnr ........................... © 1/2 otkf. Pnq mhudk
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 2 dm. M¿whln
Hdhfgsr l`xnqdr cd 100 es

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/600 udbdr k` `kstq`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm. Pnq mhudk
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 6 dm. M¿whln
Fhf. R7.1-Ddruh`bhám cd oknl`c` o`q` dchehbhnr x mébkdnr.
XY nbUWbzf 5)0+DgjbrgflUd XY nbUWbzf M5,0+DgjbrgflUd
5,0,/ Emsqd knr dkdldmsnr `cx`bdmsdr ....................... © 1 dm. Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R7.2.1 x R7.2.2.
5,0,0 YdYeYflg agjbrgflUdY

Lnr anqcdr cd k`r àdqstq`r, l`mf`r, x dladahcnr 12 otkf. O l¿r odptd×`
..................................... ........................ © 1 dm.

Lnr anqcdr cd k`r àdqstq`r, l`mf`r, x dladahcnr l`xnq ptd 12 dm
...................................... ....................... © 2 dm.
Fhf. R7.2.2 anqcdr cd àdqstq`r, l`mf`r, x dladahcnr.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
XbeYf bgfY 5)1+ljUf nYj UdY XbeYf bgfY M5,1+ljUf nYj UdY
5,1,/ GU WgdmefU q hUjYXY Cnmrtksd k` Fhf. R7.3.1.

12 otkf. O ldmnr ............................................. ........ +3/8 dm.
......................................................................... - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
M¿r cd 12 otkf. ldmnr cd 36 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3/8 otkf.
M¿r cd 36 otkf. ............................................. ..... 1 dm.

......................................................................... - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
5)2+9VYjlmjU U ljUnw XY YdYeYflg
5,2,/ UVYjlmjU XY dU hmYjlU g UVYjlmjU XY lbhg hgj hU g XY

5,2,/,/ Lnmfhstc n `mbgtq` cd k` àdqstq` ............. + 1-1 / 2 dm.
......................................................................... - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
Fhf. Dhldmrhnmdr R7.3.1-cd rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k.

5,2,0 JljU UVYjlmjU q eUf mblg
5,2,0,/ Lnmfhstc n `mbgtq` cd k` àdqstq` ................... 1 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 0 dm.
5,3 AeVYXXYX+hdUWU
5,3,/ Lnmfhstc n `mbgtq` cd k` ok`b` ............................. + 2 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 0 dm.
5)4+ Y nbUWbzf XY hdgeUXU hUjU bdg dbh gjeYX q

cmeh gjeYX
5,4,/ GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU
Tq`ctbbhám cd k md` bdmsq`k rhkn, n k` qns`bhám cd k` o`qdc cd rhkn cdrcd tm

otmsn ehin dm k` a`rd cd k` drsqtbstq` cd 100 ohdr n ldmnr ..........................
.............................. © 3 dm. M¿r cd 100 es ............ ...................... © 1/400 cd

k` `kstq`
5,4,0 XbveYljg g Xb lUfWbU YfljY dU hUjYXY bflYjbgj

Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k ............................ © 1/2 otkf. onq 10 ohdr
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 3 dm.
5,4,1 chldmrhnmdr dm rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k cdk bnlonmdmsd

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3/8 otkf.
5,4,2 PVbWUWbzf XY dU UVYjlmjU ) hdUWU bfWjm lUXU ) q UfWdUcY
L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k ................................................ . © 3 dm. cdruh`bhám

Hnqhynms`k ........................................... .. © 1 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI 6+eU U XY agjeb zf
Ek drodbhehb`cnq cdad qduhr`q k`r mnql`r ACI qdedqdmbh` dm drsd cnbtldmsn x

cdrhfm`q pt onqbhnmdr cd k` drsqtbstq` rnm cd gnqlhfám dm l`r`.
6)/+XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU M6,/) M6,0) M6,1) j6,2 q M6,3
6,/,/ mhYj bWbY Cnmrtksd k`r rdbbhnmdr cd bnldms`qhn R4.1.1, R4.2.1, R4.2.2, R4.5, R4.8.2 x,
L`r rtodqehbhdr uhrhakdr .............................................. © 1 -1/4 dm. rtodqehbhdr qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
nbtks`r ....................................... © 2- 1/2 dm.
6,/,0 o`qdcdr k`sdq`kdr o`q` k`r bnlotdqs`r q`ch`kdr x itms`r cd drs`mptdhc`c rhlhk`qdr
......................................... ...................... © 3/16 dm.
XY nbUWbzf 6)0+DgjbrgflUd
L`r rtodqehbhdr uhrhakdr .............................................. © 1 -1/4 dm. rtodqehbhdr

nbtks`r ....................................... © 2- 1/2 dm.
XY nbUWbzf 6)1+QYjlbWUd
6,1,/ CYfYjUd
sqàìnr cd dwok`m`bhám Vhrhakd x rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r ................ © 1/2 dm.
dwok`m`bhám nbtks` x rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r ............ © 1 dm.
6,1,0 Shkkr cd bnlotdqs`r q`ch`kdr x itms`r cd drs`mptdhc`c rhlhk`qdr

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 3/16 dm.
XbeYf bzf 6)2+OjUf nYj Ud
Erodrnq................................................. ............ + 1 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
3/4 cd
6)3+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf
6,3,/ Pdmchdmsd cd rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r bnm qdrodbsn `k ok`mn drodbhehb`cn

mn cdadq¿ dwbdcdq cd k`r rhfthdmsdr b`mshc`cdr:
6,3,/,/ GU hYfXbYflY ) dU XY nbUWbzf nYjlbWUd

L`r rtodqehbhdr uhrhakdr ................................................ .. © 0,2% rtodqehbhdr
nbtks`r ........................................... © 0,4%
6,3,/,0 GU hYfXbYflY ) dU XY nbUWbzf agjbrgflUd

nbtks`r ........................................... © 0,8%

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI 7+ 9I9G BJMMJ
XY nbUWbzf XY 7)/+DgjbrgflUd M7,/) M7,0) M7,1 q
7,/,/ mhYj bWbY Cnmrtksd k`r rdbbhnmdr cd bnldms`qhn R4.2.1, R4.2.2, R4.5 x, qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
L`r rtodqehbhdr uhrhakdr .............................................. © 1 -1/4 dm.
7,/,0 L` `khmd`bhám cd btqu`r .................................... © 4 dm.
7,/,1 Ambgtq` ( R cd k` rdbbhám ` bt`kpthdq `kstq`

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © (0,0025 R ( 1 dm.)
XY nbUWbzf 7)0+QYjlbWUd
7,0,/ Pdqehk cd fq`cn ............................................... © 1 dm.
7,0,0 Stodqehbhd cd hmudqshcn ...................................... © 1/2 dm.
7,0,1 Stodqehbhd cd odmchdmsd k`sdq`k ............................... © 1/2 dm.
7,0,2 `kstq` ( a cd qdudrshlhdmsn ..................... © (0,005 a ( 1 dm.)
XbeYf bgfY 7)1+ljUf nYj UdY
Gqnrnq cd k` rdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k cd qdudrshlhdmsn
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 10% cdk drodrnq drodbhehb`cn

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI /.+HJIJGtOE J l fYdY XY U mU+ljUf hgjlUXgjY ) b gfY ) WgfXmWlg )

q nYjlYXYjg
XY nbUWbzf /.,/+DgjbrgflUd M/.,/) M/.,0) M/.,1) M/.,2 q
/.,/,/ k` `khmd`bhám cd k` k md` bdmsq`k .............................. © 1/2 dm. Cnmrtksd k`r rdbbhnmdr cd bnldms`qhn R4.2.1, R4.2.2, R4.5, R4.8.2 x,
qdrodbshu`ldmsd.
/.,/,0 chldmrhnmdr hmsdqhnqdr

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 0,5% udbdr cdmsqn cd chldmrhám
XY nbUWbzf /.,0+QYjlbWUd
/.,0,/ Pdqehk fq`cn .......................................... © 1/2 dm.
/.,0,0 Stodqehbhd cd hmudqshcn ..................................... © 1/4 dm.
/.,0,1 Stodqehbhd cd odmchdmsd k`sdq`k ............................. © 1/2 dm.
XbeYf bgfY /.,1+ljUf nYj UdY
/.,1,/ Y hY gj XY dU YWWbzf ljUf nYj Ud Yf WmUdimbYj hmflg
Atldms`q drodrnq: l`xnq cd 5% cdk drodrnq, n

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
drodrnq Dhrlhmtbhám: l`xnq cd 2,5% cdk drodrnq, n

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
/.,2+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf
/.,2,/ Pdmchdmsd cd rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r bnm qdrodbsn `k ok`mn

drodbhehb`cn mn cdadq¿ dwbdcdq k`r rhfthdmsdr b`mshc`cdr bt`mcn rd lhcd
bnm tm` qdfk` 10 es:
/.,2,/,/ GU XY nbUWbzf nYjlbWUd

nbtks`r ........................................... © 0,4%
/.,2,/,0 XY nbUWbzf agjbrgflUd

nbtks`r ........................................... © 0,8%

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI // :ME CAN+WU l+bf+hdUWY
//,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU
//,/,/ L`r rtodqehbhdr dwotdrs`r .................................. © 3/4 hm.
//,/,0 rtodqehbhdr nbtks`r ............................ © 1-1 / 2 dm.
XY nbUWbzf //,0+DgjbrgflUd XY nbUWbzf j//,0+DgjbrgflUd
//,0,/ k` `khmd`bhám cd k` k md` bdmsq`k .............................. © 1/2 dm.
//,0,0 L md` bdmsq`k cdk bnihmdsd ............................. © 1/8 dm. M//,0,0 L md` bdmsq`k cdk bnihmdsd rd qdehdqd ` k`r uhf`r oqhl`qh`r n k`qftdqnr. Em
knr ok`mdr cd b`qqdsdq`r, k`r chldmrhnmdr rd c`m fdmdq`kldmsd dm bdms rhl`r cd
ohd. Ptkf`c`r rd tshkhy`m `pt o`q` btlokhq bnm dk qdrsn cd drsd cnbtldmsn.
//,0,1 enql` aqtrb` bnlodmr`cn dm b`qqhk a`qqdq` ................ © 1/8 dm.
//,0,1,/ Uahb`bhám cd àdqstq`r ` sqù r cd dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám

............................................ ............... © 1/2 dm.
XY nbUWbzf //,1+QYjlbWUd XY nbUWbzf M//,1+QYjlbWUd
//,1,/ Pdqehk cd fq`cn 1 dm ............................................. © . M//,1,/ fq`cn odqehk rd qdehdqd ` k` rtodqehbhd rtodqhnq cd tm o`rn rtodqhnq. Sh k`
drsqtbstq` bqd` tm o`rn rtasdqq¿mdn cd k` b`qqdsdq`, dmsnmbdr dk uhrsn atdmn cd k`
b`khehb`bhám cdk odqehk cd k` o`qsd hmedqhnq cdk dkdldmsn drsqtbstq`k l¿r aìn cdad drs`q dm
1., Em -0.
//,1,0 Ogh XY gljU mhYj bWbY XY WgfWjYlg q jUfmjU agjbrgflUdY
Ewotdrsn................................................. ........... © 3/4 dm. nbtksn

................................ ............................ © 1 dm.
//,1,1 Uahb`bhám cd àdqstq`r ` sqù r cd dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.
//,2 XY dgf blmX) UfWamjU) g dU hjg mfXbXUX XY dg YdYeYflg

Y hYWb bWUXg - - ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, ---
//,2,/ drodrnq cd k` knr` cdk otdmsd ............................. + 1/4 otkf.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
//,2,0 Lnr dkdldmsnr s`kdr bnln bnktlm`r, uhf`r, ohk`qdr x o`qdcdr

....................................... ........................... + 1/2 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd
//,2,1 Aadqstq`r ` sqù r cd dkdldmsnr cd gnqlhfám ..... © 1/2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
//,3+ Y nbUWbzf XY Unbzf
//,3,/ Pdmchdmsd cd rtodqehbhdr enql`c`r x mn enql`c`r bnm qdrodbsn `k

ok`mn drodbhehb`cn mn cdadq¿ dwbdcdq k`r rhfthdmsdr b`mshc`cdr dm 10 es:
itms`r cd drs`mptdhc`c ............................................... © 1/8 otkf. Osq`r

rtodqehbhdr dwotdrs`r ................................... © 1/2 dm. nbtksn rtodqehbhdr
............................................. © 1 otkf.
//,3,0 Cnmctbhq snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn rtodqehbh`k x l sncn o`q` ldchq

.......................................... .......mn drodbhehb`cn
WmVbYjlU XY jY mYjrg //,4+ mVbYjlU
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 0 dm.
UdegaUXbddU XY //,5 OYfbYfXg

//,5,/ Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cd k` k md` bdmsq`k ............. © 1 dm.
//,5,0 Dhldmrhnmdr cd anqcd dm dk ok`m .......................... © 1 dm.
//,5,1 L` cdruh`bhám cd ok`mn .............................. © 0,10%

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
9QEHAIOJN q UWYjU NA EuI /0+ASOAMEJM
XY nbUWbzf /0,/+DgjbrgflUd
/0,/,/ L` bnknb`bhám cd bkùhi`r ........................... © 1-1 / 4 hm.
/0,/,0 GU UdbfYUWbzf XY WdUnbcU ) Wgf jYdUWbzf U dU dxfYU WYfljUd XY hUnbeYflg
18 otkf. O ldmnr oqnxdbbhám ..................................... © 1/4 dm. M`xnq cd 18

dm. oqnxdbbhám ............... mn drsàkdbhcn
XY nbUWbzf /0,0+QYjlbWUd XY mhYj bWbY
/0,0,/ oùhldmsnr cd k` k md` oqhmbho`k dm k` chqdbbhám knmfhstchm`k, k` aqdbg` onq M/0,0,/ q M/0,0,0 snkdq`mbh`r rtùhc`c mn rd ànqc`m dm drsd cnbtldmsn.
cdaìn cd tm 10 ohdr tmkdudkdc qdfk` cd cdrb`mrn dm shdlonr etdqsdr mn Imfdmhdqnr x bnmsq`shrs`r cdadm qdedqhqrd ` k` b`qqdsdq` qdfhnm`k x knb`k x knr
dwbdcdq¿m ...................... mn drodbhehb`cn cdo`qs`ldmsnr cd b`qqdsdq`r, hmbktxdmcn k` Arnbh`bhám Aldqhb`m` cd
C`qqdsdq`r Ers`s`kdr x Tq`mronqsd (AASHTO).
/0,0,0 oùhldmsnr cd k` k md` oqhmbho`k dm chqdbbhám sq`mrudqr`k, k` aqdbg` onq
cdaìn cd tm 10 ohdr tmkdudkdc qdfk` cd cdrb`mrn dm shdlonr etdqsdr mn
dwbdcdq¿m ...................... mn drodbhehb`cn
/0,0,1 L`r q`lo`r, `bdq`r, x k`r hmsdqrdbbhnmdr, dm bt`kpthdq chqdbbhám, k` aqdbg`

onq cdaìn cd tm 10 ohdr tmkdudkdc qdfk` cd cdrb`mrn dm shdlonr etdqsdr mn
cdadq¿m dwbdcdq ............... + 1/4 dm.
/0,0,2 Cnmctbhq snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn rtodqehbh`k bnln rd drodbhehb` dm knr cnbtldmsnr
bnmsq`bst`kdr.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI /1+ DEHAIA9N q lgjjY XY jY jb YjUWbzf
/1,/+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU qdpthrhsnr cd snkdq`mbh` o`q` k`r àdqstq`r x dkdldmsnr dladahcnr cdmsqn cd k`r
bghldmd`r cd gnqlhfám cdadm drsàkdbdqrd rnaqd tm` a`rd hmchuhct`k cdodmchdmcn cd k`
Tq`rk`bhám, qns`bhám n u`qh`bhám qdrodbsn `k did udqshb`k mn cdadq¿m rtodq`q m`stq`kdy` drodb ehb` cd rt trn.
dk l`xnq cd © 0,1% udbdr k` `kstq` dm dk lnldmsn cd k` ldchbhám n © 1 dm.
Em bt`kpthdq` cd knr 10 ohdr cd `kstq`, dk bdmsqn fdnl sqhbn cdk dkdldmsn cd

snqqd cd bghldmd` n cd qdeqhfdq`bhám mn cdadq¿ b`lah`q l¿r cd
............................ ................................. © 1 dm.
XbveYljg XY dU WgfWaU /1,0+BmYjU
ch¿ldsqn cd k` bnmbg` dwsdqhnq © 1% cdk ch¿ldsqn drodbhehb`cn l¿r 1 dm.
Y hY gj /1,1+RUdd
Ek oqnldchn cd k`r ldchbhnmdr cd drodrnqdr cd o`qdc cd bt`sqn snl`c` rnaqd tm

`qbn cd 60 fq`cnr mn dwbdcdq¿ cd: drodrnq cd o`qdc drodbhehb`cn 10 dm n ldmnr.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - otkf`c`.
1/4 cd

drodrnq cd o`qdc drodbhehb`cn l`xnq ptd 10 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055

fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI /2+ 9NO EI NEOP fg jY gjrUXU OP:J
Y hY gj XY hUjYX /2,/ Mnkcd`cn dm dk ktf`q snkdq`mbh`r cdk stan cd bnmbqdsn qdk`bhnm`cnr bnm k` dw`bshstc cd
k` bnmrsqtbbhám ptd rd otdcd knfq`q tshkhy`mcn l`pthm`qh` x dpthon bnlo`shakd bnm k`
Erodrnq cd k` o`qdc dm bt`kpthdq otmsn rdq¿ hft`k `k drodrnq cd o`qdc oq¿bshb` drs¿mc`q o`q` knr shonr cd rtdknr knb`kdr.
drodbhehb`cn cd k` stadq ` odqn mn l`xnq ptd dk drodrnq drodbhehb`cn l¿r

0,07 ltkshokhb`cn onq dk ch¿ldsqn hmsdqhnq drodbhehb`cn
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 0 dm., + 0,07 º dk drodbhehb`cn ch¿ldsqn hmsdqhnq
XbveYljg /2)0+ bhY
Ek ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn dm bt`kpthdq otmsn mn cdadq¿ rdq hmedqhnq `k 98% cdk

ch¿ldsqn cd chrd×n.

/2,1+ Y hdUrUebYflg
Em utdks`r cd enql` x anqcdr gnqhynms`kdr mn dwbdcdq¿ cd: P`q` stanr

bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn mn hmedqhnq ` 42 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.
P`q` stanr bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn l`xnq ptd 42 otkf. O ldmnr cd n hft`k
` 72 dm. ........................... © 3 / 4 dm.
P`q` stanr bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn l`xnq ptd 72 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1 dm.
bfXYflUWbgfY /2,2 XY mhYj bWbY
l¿whln odqlhshcn .......................................... © 1/2 dm.
/2,3+CjUXY q UdbfYUWbzf
/2,3,/ L` cdruh`bhám udqshb`k cd fq`cn

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1 dm. Pnq 10 ohdr
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1-1 / 2 dm. M¿whln
/2,3,0 Ddruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cd k` `khmd`bhám

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 2 dm. Pnq 10 ohdr
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 4 dm. M¿whln
WUxXU XY /2,4 gfWjYlg
P`q` stanr bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn cd ldmnr cd 42 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1-1 / 2 dm.
P`q` stanr bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn cd 42 hm. H`rs` 72 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1 dm.
P`q` stanr bnm tm ch¿ldsqn hmsdqmn l`xnq ptd 72 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
- - ZZ ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ ,,, ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, --- fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
NA EuI /3+OEGO+P A DJMHECuI
gjeUfXg /3,/+ UfYd
/3,/,/ GU XY nbUWbzf XY UdlmjU g UfWamjU Y hYWb bWUXU
Dnmcd k` `kstq` n `mbgtq` drodbhehb`c` dr cd 20 ohdr n ldmnr ...... © 1/4 dm. C`c` tmn
`chbhnm`k cd 10 ohdr n o`qsd cdk lhrln ................. © 1/8 dm. Nn cdad dwbdcdq
............................................. ....... © 1/2 dm.
/3,/,0 GU XY nbUWbzf XY Y hY gj Y hYWb bWUXg) eYXbXU UflY XY dU jYlbjUXU gjeU XY M/3,/,0 P`q` ìtrs`qrd ` k` +1/2 dm. Tnkdq`mbh` cd drodrnq, k` rtodqehbhd rhm
VgjXY mlbdbrUfXg mfU WUXYfU Y lbjUXU lYf U gVjY mf eYXbg Yf, :dgimY jmY g enql` cdk o`mdk mn cdad snb`q k` btdqc` dm bt`kpthdq ktf`q. P`q` ìtrs`qrd `
mfbXg U dU hUjlY mhYjbgjY XY dU agjeU XY WUflg k` -1/4 dm. L` snkdq`mbh`, dk o`mdk mn cdad rdq l¿r cd 3/4 otkf. Pnq cdaìn cd
k` b`cdm` dm bt`kpthdq ktf`q.
rtodqehbhd mn enql`cn .............................................- 1 / 4 dm.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + 1/2 dm.
Em ktf`q cd ldchq dk fqnrnq cdk o`mdk chqdbs`ldmsd, r`qs` cd oqtda`r cd k` rtodqehbhd

cdk o`mdk rtodqhnq `msdr cd k` qdshq`c` enql` hmehdqd dk btlokhlhdmsn cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r
cd drodrnq drodbhehb`cnr onq dk rtotdrsn cd ptd:
L` `kstq` enql` anqcd dr hft`k `k fqnrnq cdk o`mdk mnlhm`k;

L`r enql`r cd anqcd rd dqhfdm chqdbs`ldmsd rnaqd dk kdbgn cd bnk`c`; x
Ek odqehk cd k` rtodqehbhd cdk kdbgn cd bnk`c` mn dr odnq ptd F F-
18 / F L- 13.
Tdmf` dm btdms` ptd F F- 18 / F L- 13 dr dk odqehk cd rtdkn cd ldmnq b`khc`c chrbtshcn dm dk

ACI 302.1R, x knr o`mdkdr dlhshcnr dm tm` rtodqehbhd s`m hqqdftk`q otdcdm sdmdq
oqnakdl`r drs shbnr.
/3,/,1 b YjYfWbU XY dgf blmX XY dU Xg XbU gfUdY ) XY mf ebYeVjg g

UVYjlmjU jYWlUf mdUj) XgfXY dU dgf blmX XY XbU gfUd Y
6 ohdr n ldmnr .............................................. ........... © 1/8. C`c`

`chbhnm`kdr 6 ohdr n o`qsd cd knr lhrlnr ................... © 1/8. Nn
dwbdcdq................................................ .... © 1/2 dm.
/3,/,2 Aodqstq` chldmrhám ................................ © 1/4 dm. M/3,/,2 Um` àdqstq` n lhdlaqn odqedbs`ldmsd qdbs`mftk`q sdmcq¿m ch`fnm`kdr
cd hft`k knmfhstc.
/3,0+GU XY nbUWbzf XY dU hdgeUXU
/3,0,/ UjU UdlmjU XY eYfg XY g b mUd U 61 l 2 bf,

Ek ldmnq cd 0,3% udbdr k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd a`rdr bnln
rd ltdrsq` dm knr chatinr cd oqnxdbsn n ..... © 1 dm.
/3,0,0 UjU UdlmjU eUqgjY XY 61 hbY 2 hmd ,

Ek ldmnq cd 0,1% udbdr k` `kstq` onq dmbhl` cd k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd a`rdr bnln rd
ltdrsq` dm knr chatinr cd oqnxdbsn n ...... © 2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/3,1+ Y nbUWbzf XY YdYnUWbzf
Tno cd o`mdk hmchuhct`k dwotdrsn ....................... © 1/2 dm.
Tno cd o`mdk hmchuhct`k mn dwotdrs` ................ © 3/4 dm.
Dhedqdmbh` dm k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd knr o`mdkdr dwotdrsnr `cx`bdmsdr .. © 1/2 dm.
Dhedqdmbh` dm k` o`qsd rtodqhnq cd knr o`mdkdr `cx`bdmsdr mn dwotdrs`r
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 3/4 dm.
Chlhdmsnr................................................. ..... +1/4 dm.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 1/2 otkf.
B`rd cd o`mdk cd dqhfhcn ...................................... © 1/4 dm.

ok`b`r n `rhdmsnr cd bnihmdsd ..................................... © 1/4 dm.
/3)2 Y nbUWbzf XY mVbWUWbzf
/3,2,/ BUVjbWUWbzf
Bnqcd cd k` àdqstq` cdk o`mdk .................................. © 1/4 dm.
Imrdqbhnmdr, odqmnr, l`mfthsnr ....................................... © 3/8 dm.
qdfkds`r hmsdqlhsdmsdr ................................................ © 1/2 dm.
Ekdu`bhám hmrdqsnr ................................................ .... © 1/2 dm.
ok`b`r cd rnkc`ctq` ................................................ .......... © 1 dm.
ok`b`r n `rhdmsnr cd bnihmdsd ..................................... © 1/2 dm.
/3,2,0 AjYWWbzf
Dd k md` bdmsq`k cd `bdqn (fnahdqm` rnaqd c`stl fqhc)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.
Ddrcd k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd c`stl qdihkk`, ldchc` dm k` a`rd cdk o`mdk cd
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 1/2 dm.
/3,3+XY nbUWbzf XY hYfXbYflY g Unbzf
/3,3,/ BUVjbWUWbzf
ok`b`r cd rnkc`ctq` ................................................ ....... © 1/4 dm.
Qtd kkdu`m ok`b`r x `rhdmsnr .................................. © 1/8 hm.
Bnqcd cdk o`mdk cd k` k md` bdmsq`k cd o`mdk cd ............. © 3/8 dm.
/3,3,0 AjYWWbzf
/3,3,0,/ EfWdbfUfXg XYVbXg U dU lYf bgfY XY YjYWWbzf ) eYXbXU XYfljg XY dU 50

agjU XY hmw XY dU YjYWWbzf
. . . . . . 1/360 udbdr k` chldmrhám ch`fnm`k cdk o`mdk, odqn mn l¿r cd © 1 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
/3,3,0,0 `qptd`lhdmsn chedqdmbh`k, bnln dqhfhc`, dmsqd knr lhdlaqnr

`cx`bdmsdr cdk lhrln chrd×n ............. © 1/2 dm.
/3,3,0,1 PjXbXgj XYVbXg U dU lYf bgfY XY YjYWWbzf ) eYXbXU XYfljg XY dU 50

agjU XY hmw XY dU YjYWWbzf
. . . . . 1/16 otkf. Pnq ohd cd drpthm` `cx`bdmsd l¿r bdqb`mn, odqn mn l¿r cd © 1
dm.
/3,3,0,2 WzfbWg WgfcmflU
Dtq`msd `kstq` cdk o`mdk ............................................. © 1 / 2 dm. onq 10 es

........................................... ................. © 3/8 dm.
/3,3,0,3 J Yl Yf UdbfYUWbzf XY dU WUjU WgbfWbXYflY UXqUWYflY

Ewotdrsn................................................. ........... © 3/8 dm. mn dwotdrs`r
.............................. ...................... © 3/4 dm.
Cnqmdqr, dwotdrs`r x mn dwotdrs`r ................. © 1/2 dm.
/3)4 Y nbUWbzf XY UfWamjU jYdUlbnU
`mbgn cd k` itms` (fnahdqm` rnaqd k` u`qh`bhám dm `mbgtq` cd k` itms`)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . © 3/8 dm.
L` u`qh`bhám dm k` `mbgtq` cd k` itms` rnaqd k` knmfhstc cd o`mdk cd ....... © 1/2 dm.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
JHAIO9MEJ
IJO9N 9 Y AN
hYWb bWUXgj
A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ
Erodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10 rd hmbnqonq` onq qdedqdmbh` dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk üEk sqàìn dm (Nnlaqd cdk oqnxdbsn) cdadq¿ ìtrs`qrd ` sncnr knr qdpthrhsnr cd
oqnxdbsn ldch`msd k` qdc`bbhám cd G3 cd k`r Nns`r Gdmdq`kdr. Ek drodbhehb`cnq ACI 117-10, otakhb`cn onq dk Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd, F`qlhmfsnm Hhkkr,
otdcd hmbkthq hmenql`bhám cd k` Lhrs` cd udqhehb`bhám cd knr qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr x Mhbghf`m, r`kun kn chrotdrsn onq drsnr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr.
nobhnm`kdr Rdpthrhsnr khrs` cd bnmsqnk ptd rhftd k` drodbhehb`bhám. Ek drodbhehb`cnq,
rhm dla`qfn, cdad rdkdbbhnm`q knr dkdldmsnr x knr hmbktxdm onq rdo`q`cn dm k`r
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn.
C2, C`c` rdbbhám s bmhb` cdk ACI 117-10 Erodbhehb`bhám dm k` oqdrdmsd Nnql`
`rnbh`cnr ` knr dkdldmsnr cd k` khrs` cd udqhehb`bhám qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr drs¿m
`bnlo`×`cnr cd sdwsn ptd hmchb` tm dkdldmsn cd k` rdbbhám rd drodbhehb` dm knr
IglU YfYjUdY cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. Sdbbhnmdr cd drsd drs¿mc`q `rnbh`cnr ` knr dkdldmsnr
cd k` Lhrs` cd udqhehb`bhám cd qdpthrhsnr nobhnm`kdr drsàkdbdq tm u`knq onq cdedbsn x
rnm `bnlo`×`c`r onq dk sdwsn rhfthdmsd: ü` ldmnr ptd rd hmchptd kn bnmsq`qhn. Ek
C/, ACI Erodbhehb`bhám 117-10 drs¿ cdrshm`cn ` rdq tshkhy`cn onq qdedqdmbh` n
kdmftìd dm b`c` rdbbhám s bmhb` cd drodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10 dr hloqdrbhmchakd x
hmbnqonq`bhám dm rt sns`khc`c dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn. Nn bnohd k`r
bnmbhrn.
rdbbhnmdr hmchuhct`kdr, Phdy`r, `qs btknr n o¿qqènr dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk
oqnxdbsn, cdahcn ` r`b`qknr cd bnmsdwsn otdcd b`lah`q rt rhfmhehb`cn.
C3, Erodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10 rd drbqhad dm dk bnmsq`shrs`. Ct`mcn tm` chronrhbhám cd

drs` Erodbhehb`bhám qdpthdqd tm` `bbhám onq dk bnmsq`shrs`, ücdadq¿ rd tshkhy` dk udqan.
C0, Sh k`r rdbbhnmdr n o`qsdr cd ACI 117-10 Erodbhehb`bhám rd bnoh`m dm k`r
Sh rd odqlhsd ptd dk bnmsq`shrs` o`q` didqbdq tm` nobhám bt`mcn k`r `ksdqm`shu`r
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn n bt`kpthdq nsqn cnbtldmsn, mn rd qdehdqdm ` dkknr
chronmhakdr rnm khlhs`cnr, k` qdc`bbhám ün ahdm ... n ... rd tshkhy`. Ddbk`q`bhnmdr
bnln tm` drodbhehb`bhám ACI onqptd k` drodbhehb`bhám g` rhcn `ksdq`cn.
bnmsdlok`c`r dm k` drodbhehb`bhám bnln hmenql`bhám `k bnmsq`shrs` tshkhy`m knr udqanr
üotdcdm n üunktms`c. Ddbk`q`bhnmdr hmenql`shu`r rtdkdm hcdmshehb`q k`r `bshuhc`cdr t
nobhnmdr ptd ürd snl` n üotdcd rdq snl`c` onq dk oqnohds`qhn n dk `qpthsdbsn /
C1, Um` cdbk`q`bhám bnln k` rhfthdmsd rdquhq¿ o`q` g`bdq ACI 117-10 hmfdmhdqn.
Erodbhehb`bhám cd tm` o`qsd cd k` drodbhehb`bhám cdk oqnxdbsn:

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
fglU

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ JHAIO9MEJ
MANAIO9 EuI A GENO9N
B/, Ersd Pqáknfn rd hmbktxd rákn bnm ehmdr dwokhb`shunr; ptd mn enql` o`qsd l`sdqh`kdr, x bqhsdqhnr cd qdmchlhdmsn ptd mn drs¿m cdehmhcnr dm ACI
cd k` drodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10. Erodbhehb`bhám 117-10.
B0, Erodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10 otdcd rdq qdedqdmbh`cn onq dk drodbhehb`cnq dm k`r B4, L` khrs` cd udqhehb`bhám Rdpthrhsnr nobhnm`k hcdmshehb` nobhnmdr ptd drodbhehb` x
drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn o`q` bt`kpthdq oqnxdbsn cd bnmrsqtbbhám, itmsn bnm knr `ksdqm`shu`r. L` khrs` hcdmshehb` k`r rdbbhnmdr, o`qsdr x knr `qs btknr cd k`
qdpthrhsnr bnlokdldms`qhnr o`q` dk oqnxdbsn drodb ehbn. L`r qdronmràhkhc`cdr cd knr drodbhehb`bhám cd qdedqdmbh` 117-10 x k` `bbhám qdptdqhc` n chronrhbhám cdk
o`qshbho`msdr cdk oqnxdbsn cdadm drs`q cdehmhc`r dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn. drodbhehb`cnq. Ek chrd×`cnq cdadq¿ qduhr`q b`c` tmn cd knr dkdldmsnr cd k` khrs` cd
ACI 117-10 Erodbhehb`bhám mn otdcd x mn g`bdq eqdmsd ` k`r qdronmràhkhc`cdr onq udqhehb`bhám x g`bdq ìtrsdr ` k`r mdbdrhc`cdr cd tm oqnxdbsn dm o`qshbtk`q ldch`msd
bt`kpthdq o`qshbho`msd dm dk oqnxdbsn ptd mn rd` dk bnmsq`shrs`. k` hmbktrhám cd dr`r `ksdqm`shu`r rdkdbbhnm`c`r bnln qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr dm k`r
B1, Lhrs`r cd bnmsqnk mn enql`m o`qsd cd k` drodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10. L`r khrs`r cd udqhehb`bhám
`xtc`q ` pthdm drodbhehb` dm k` rdkdbbhám x drodbhehb`bhám cd knr qdpthrhsnr cdk oqnxdbsn dm k`r
B5, qdedqdmbh`r qdbnldmc`c`r -Dnbtldmsnr x otakhb`bhnmdr ptd rd g`bd qdedqdmbh`
dm dk Cnldms`qhn cd ACI Erodbhehb`bhám 117-10 rd dmtldq`m ` bnmshmt`bhám. Ers`r
B2, Lnr báchfnr cd bnmrsqtbbhám drsàkdbdm knr qdpthrhsnr l mhlnr mdbdr`qhnr o`q` qdedqdmbh`r oqnonqbhnm`m nqhdms`bhám `k drodbhehb`cnq x mn rnm bnmrhcdq`cnr bnln
oqnsdfdq `k oéakhbn. ACI Erodbhehb`bhám 117-10 otdcd drshotk`q qdpthrhsnr l¿r qdrsqhbshunr o`qsd cd k` drodbhehb`bhám ACI 117-10.
ptd dk l mhln. Ek drodbhehb`cnq cdad g`bdq ìtrsdr ` k`r mdbdrhc`cdr cd tm oqnxdbsn dm

o`qshbtk`q ldch`msd k` qduhrhám cd b`c` tmn cd knr dkdldmsnr cd k`r khrs`r cd
M`qs mdy, J., x Dùdmonqs, B., 2005, üL` qdk`bhám dmsqd `rdqq`c`r
bnloqna`bhám d hmbktxdmcn knr cdk Erodbhehb`cnq rdkdbbhnm` bnln qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr
`qshbtk`bhnmdr x o`r`cnqdr, Pùhldmsn cd gnqlhfám Pqnfqdrn, Ek Aldqhb`m
dm k`r drodbhehb`bhnmdr cdk oqnxdbsn.
Cnmbqdsd Pùdldms Arrnbh`shnm, Sjnjhd, IL, V. 41, Nn. 3, l`qyn, 12 oo .;
s`lah m bnln tm ankds m dkdbsqámhbn: gsso://vvv.oùdldms.bnl/CPP/2005/
B3, L` khrs` cd udqhehb`bhám hmchb` knr qdpthrhsnr nakhf`snqhnr Lnr qdpthrhsnr cd sqàìn dm CPP-M`qbg05.oce. (Vhrhs`cn dk 16 cd l`qyn cd-2010)
qdk`bhám bnm bt`khc`cdr drodb ehb`r, oqnbdchlhdmsnr,
GENO9 A MALPENEOJN J:GEC9OJMEJN
NYWWbzf - UjlY - UjlxWmdg IglU U dg A hYWb bWUXgj
NYWWbzf /+MYimb blg YfYjUdY
Lnr u`knqdr cd snkdq`mbh` èdbs` ` knr bnrsnr cd bnmrsqtbbhám. Urnr drodb ehbnr cd tm dkdldmsn cd snkdq`mbh` otdcd itrshehb`q ldmnr n l¿r qhftqnr`r snkdq`mbh`r ptd ehftq`m dm k` ldlnqh` cdrbqhoshu`. Icdmshehb`q dm dk
okhdfn cd bt`kpthdq snkdq`mbh` dk bnmsq`shrs` drs¿ nakhf`cn ` knfq`q, odqn mn rd ànqc`m dm ACI 117. Ddrhfm`q gnqlhfám x gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn dm knr cnbtldmsnr bnmsq`bst`kdr. Cnnqchm`q snkdq`mbh`r o`q`
bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd gnqlhfám x knr cd bt`kpthdq l`sdqh`k ptd rd hmsdqbnmdbs`m bnm, n rd tmdm `, k` drsqtbstq` cd gnqlhfám. Erodbhehb`q k`r snkdq`mbh`r bnmbqds`r ptd rnm l¿r n ldmnr drsqhbs`r ptd k`r ptd ehftq`m dm drs`
drodbhehb`bhám. Erodbhehb`bhám cd snkdq`mbh`r l¿r qdrsqhbshu`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr drodbh`khy`c`r, s`kdr bnln gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn, ` ldmtcn qdrtks` dm tm `tldmsn cd bnrsd x dk shdlon cd bnmrsqtbbhám l`sdqh`k. Ek
chrd×`cnq cdadq¿ drodbhehb`q k`r snkdq`mbh`r chldmrhnm`kdr ptd rd bnmrhcdq`m drdmbh`kdr o`q` k` bnqqdbs` didbtbhám cdk chrd×n. Ek whsn otdcd qdptdqhq tm` n l¿r cd k`r snkdq`mbh`r hmchuhct`kdr ` rdq l¿r qdrsqhbshu`r ptd
k`r bnmsdmhc`r dm dk ACI 117. L` qdtmhám oqduh` ` k` bnmrsqtbbhám neqdbd tm` nonqstmhc`c o`q` ptd dk dpthon cd chrd×n / bnmrsqtbbhám o`q` hcdmshehb`q x qdrnkudq, `msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám qd`k, oqnakdl`r cd bnlo`shahkhc`c
/,/,0 Akb`mbd
mhmftm` snkdq`mbh` dm qdk`bhám bnm dk sqàìn bnmbqdsn x l`sdqh`kdr bnm knr ptd k`r hmsdqe`bdr cd gnqlhfám. qdrnktbhám dwhsnr` cd bt`kpthdq oqdftms` dr b`rh rdftqn ptd qdpthdqdm k` o`qshbho`bhám `bshu` cdk Pqnedrhnm`k cd
chrd×n. Erodbhehb`q knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám cd `btdqcn bnm ACI 301 n dpthu`kdmsd. L` qdtmhám oqduh` ` k` bnmrsqtbbhám neqdbd tm` nonqstmhc`c o`q` ptd dk dpthon cd chrd×n / bnmrsqtbbhám o`q` hcdmshehb`q x qdrnkudq,
`msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám qd`k, bt`kpthdq oqnakdl` cd bnlo`shahkhc`c cd snkdq`mbh` dm qdk`bhám bnm dk sqàìn x knr l`sdqh`kdr bnm knr hmsdqe`bdr cd gnqlhfám cd bdldmsn. qdrnktbhám dwhsnr` cd bt`kpthdq oqdftms` dr b`rh
rdftqn ptd qdpthdqdm k` o`qshbho`bhám `bshu` cdk Pqnedrhnm`k cd chrd×n. Erodbhehb`q knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám cd `btdqcn bnm ACI 301 n dpthu`kdmsd. L` qdtmhám oqduh` ` k` bnmrsqtbbhám neqdbd tm` nonqstmhc`c o`q` ptd dk
dpthon cd chrd×n / bnmrsqtbbhám o`q` hcdmshehb`q x qdrnkudq, `msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám qd`k, bt`kpthdq oqnakdl` cd bnlo`shahkhc`c cd snkdq`mbh` dm qdk`bhám bnm dk sqàìn x knr l`sdqh`kdr bnm knr hmsdqe`bdr cd gnqlhfám cd
bdldmsn. qdrnktbhám dwhsnr` cd bt`kpthdq oqdftms` dr b`rh rdftqn ptd qdpthdqdm k` o`qshbho`bhám `bshu` cdk Pqnedrhnm`k cd chrd×n. Erodbhehb`q knr bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám cd `btdqcn bnm ACI 301 n dpthu`kdmsd.
NYWWbzf 0+HUlYjbUdY
0,0 Rdenqy`lhdmsn L`r snkdq`mbh`r o`q` k` eàqhb`bhám, k` bnknb`bhám, x dlo`kldr cd utdks` o`q` dk qdetdqyn cd `k`laqd rnkc`cn cdadm rdq drodbhehb`c`r onq dk drodbhehb`cnq.
NYWWbzf 1+BmfXUeYflg
Erodbhehb`q k` b`sdfnq ` cd ltdkkd odqenq`cn. Ek drodbhehb`cnq cdad rdq bnmrbhdmsd cd ptd k` snkdq`mbh` cd `khmd`bhám udqshb`k qdbnldmc`c` cd 1,5% cd k` knmfhstc cdk did rd hmchb` dm k`
1,/ dla`qb`cdqnr odqenq`cnr C`sdfnq ` B odqenq`cn ltdkkdr rd a`r` dm k` dwodqhdmbh` dm tm` `lokh` u`qhdc`c cd rhst`bhnmdr cd rtdknr bnlahm`cnr bnm tm` b`mshc`c khlhs`c` cd `m¿khrhr sdáqhbn tshkhy`mcn dk g`y dm k`
sdnq ` cd etmc`bhám dk¿rshb` x l mhln rtonmd qdrsqhbbhám rtdkn gnqhynms`k.
NYWWbzf 2+ U l+WgfWjYlg Yf dU Y ljmWlmjU XY dg YXb bWbg
bk`rd cdrhfm`cn cd k` rtodqehbhd (A, B, C, D) (bnmrtksd s`lah m ACI 301 x 347): Ck`rd A: P`q` rtodqehbhdr oqnlhmdmsdldmsd dwotdrs`r ` k` uhrs` cdk oéakhbn cnmcd k`
ò`qhdmbh` dr cd drodbh`k hlonqs`mbh`; Ck`rd B: cd sdwstq` fqtdr`, rtodqehbhdr cd gnqlhfám `ql`cn enql`cn cdrshm`cnr ` qdbhahq xdrn, drstbn, n v`hmrbn`shmf; Ck`rd C:
2,6,1 Fnql` bnlodmr`bhnmdr Nnql` fdmdq`k o`q` rtodqehbhdr dwotdrs`r cd enql` odql`mdmsd dm nsqnr `bà`cnr mn rd drodbhehb`m; x Ck`rd D: l mhl` cd k` rtodqehbhd cd b`khc`c cnmcd qtfnrhc`c mn
dr naidsàkd, fdmdq`kldmsd rd òkhb`m dm k` ptd rd nbtks`m rtodqehbhdr.
2,6,2 Abà`cn cd ohrn Sdbbhám 4.8.5 x 4.8.6 cdrhfm`cn. Cnmrtksd k` Tàk` R4.8.4.
2,6,2,/ Ddrhfm`q k` bk`rhehb`bhám cd rtodqehbhdr cd snc`r k`r ok`ms`r. Cnmrtksd k`r sàk`r 4.8.5.1 x 4.8.6.1.
2,6,3,/ Ddrhfm`q Ck`rhehb`bhám cd rtdkn rtodqehbh`k.
2,6,4,/ Ddrhfm`q Ck`rhehb`bhám cd rtdkn rtodqehbh`k.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ JHAIO9MEJ

MALPENEOJN J:GEC9OJMEJN GENO9 A JIOMJG gfl,
NYWWbzf 3+hjY UVjbWUXg XY agjeb zf
Erodbhehb`q snkdq`mbh`r o`q` dkdldmsnr oqdeàqhb`cnr cd gnqlhfám.
NYWWbzf 4+9dVUybdYjxU
Erodbhehb`q snkdq`mbh`r o`q` dkdldmsnr cd l`lonrsdq `.
hmYflY NYWWbzf //+ U l+Yf+hdUWY
//,3,0 Cnmctbhq snkdq`mbh`r cd

Erodbhehb`q k` bnmctbbhám snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn rtodqehbh`k x dk l sncn cd k` oqtda`.
`bà`cn rtodqehbh`k
hUnbeYflg NYWWbzf /0+YplYjbgjY q UWYjU
/0,0,2 Erodbhehb`q k` bnmctbbhám snkdq`mbh`r cd `bà`cn rtodqehbh`k. Erodbhehb`q l sncn cd oqtda`.
GENO9 A MALPENEOJN J EJI9GAN
NYWWbzf - UjlY - UjlxWmdg IglU U dg A hYWb bWUXgj
NYWWbzf /+MYimb blg YfYjUdY
oqnbdchlhdmsnr cd bnmrsqtbbhám n cd bnmrsqtbbhám cd gnqlhfám Erodbh`khy`cnr qdpthdqdm ptd dk drodbhehb`cnq cd hmbkthq snkdq`mbh`r drodbh`khy`cnr. ACI cnbtldmsnr cd k`r bnlhrhnmdr
/,/ Akb`mbd ptd btaqdm k` bnmrsqtbbhám drodbh`khy`c` otdcdm oqnonqbhnm`q nqhdms`bhám rnaqd k`r snkdq`mbh`r drodbh`khy`cnr. Erodbhehb`q snkdq`mbh`r o`q` gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn. Cnmrtksd k` ACI
303.1 o`q` k` nqhdms`bhám.
NYWWbzf 0+HUlYjbUdY
CRSI 10MSP, Ao mchbd C, oqnonqbhnm` hmenql`bhám u`khnr` rnaqd dk cdr`qqnkkn cd knr cds`kkdr o`q` k` bnknb`bhám cdk qdetdqyn.
0,0
L` snkdq`mbh` o`q` qdctbbhám cd k` btahdqs` cd `bdqn cd qdetdqyn otdcd qdptdqhq tm` qdctbbhám dm k` l`fmhstc dm ptd dk gnqlhfám `ql`cn drs¿ dwotdrsn ` bknqtqnr n dk
ldchn `lahdmsd. Dnmcd rd` onrhakd, dk dwbdrn cd bnadqstq` ` nsq` oqnsdbbhám cdk `bdqn cd qdetdqyn cdad drodbhehb`qrd dm ktf`q cd k` snkdq`mbh` qdctbhc` ` b`tr` cd k`
0,0,0 Ctahdqsn cd bnmbqdsn
oqdbhrhám cd k` knb`khy`bhám cd qdetdqyn cd `bdqn dk trn cd `bbdrnqhnr cd eàqhb`bhám drs¿mc`q x oqnbdchlhdmsnr cd hmrs`k`bhám.
Ek drodbhehb`cnq otdcd dkdfhq o`q` drodbhehb`q k` snkdq`mbh` `ksdqm`shun o`q` k` cdruh`bhám gnqhynms`k cdk oqdsdmr`cn cd qdetdqyn n oqdsdmr`cn bnmctbsnr.
0,0,4,/
Tnkdq`mbh` c`cn dr cd òkhb`bhám fdmdq`k. dk trn cdk chrd×n drodb ehbn cd dkdldmsnr dladahcnr otdcd qdptdqhcn ptd dk drodbhehb`cnq cdrhf- snkdq`mbh`r m`sd cd l`fmhstc
0,1,0 dkdldmsnr dladahcnr
qdctbhc` o`q` chudqrnr dkdldmsnr dladahcnr.
NYWWbzf 1+BmfXUeYflg
1,/) 1,0) 1,1) 1,2) 1,3 q Tnkdq`mbh`r c`c`r rnm cd òkhb`bhám fdmdq`k. Cnmrtksd k` ACI 336.1 o`q` k` nqhdms`bhám.
Pktr snkdq`mbh` o`q` k` chldmrhám udqshb`k mn rd drodbhehb` onqptd mn rd hlonmd mhmfém k lhsd. Erodbhehb`cnq cdad cdrhfm`q `cdl¿r cd k` snkdq`mbh` rh rd cdrd`.
1,3,1
NYWWbzf 2+ U l+WgfWjYlg Yf dU Y ljmWlmjU XY dg YXb bWbg
2,3,1 Ekdfhlnr l¿r snkdq`mbh` o`q` drodrnq cd k` knr`.
2,4,/ Erodbhehb`cnqdr rnm `cudqshcnr cd ptd tm` snkdq`mbh` l¿r drsqhbs` rd cdad drodbhehb`q cnmcd dwhrsd tm onsdmbh`k o`q` dk bnqsd cd qdetdqyn.
Ekhi` mchbd cd nmctk`bhám bnln `ksdqm`shu` ` knr l sncnr drodbhehb`cnr dm k` rdbbhám 4.8.5 n 4.8.6. L`r oqtda`r rd qd`khy`q¿m cd bnmenqlhc`c bnm k` mnql` ASTM E1486. Em fdmdq`k rd
2,6
drodbhehb` dm rtodqehbhd mchbd cd nmctk`bhám x dk mchbd cd nmctk`bhám rtodqehbh`k knb`k M mhln cdadm rdq drodbhehb`cnr.
2,6,2,1 Ddrhfm`q `fdmbh` cd oqtda`r.
2,6,2,2 Ddrhfm`q chrsqhatbhám cd knr hmenqldr cd k`r oqtda`r.
Ekhi` rhltk`bhám bnlots`qhy`c` cd k` qdfk` l`mt`k.

2,6,4,1
Erodbhehb`q méldqn l mhln cd ltdrsq`r, oqnbdchlhdmsn cd oqtda` (cdad rdq qdoqnctbhakd), x bqhsdqhnr cd `bdos`bhám.

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
Cnln ACI bnlhdmy` rt rdftmcn rhfkn cd ù`my`q dm dk bnmnbhlhdmsn bnmbqdsn, rt oqnoárhsn ekds`cn nqhfhm`k odql`mdbd üo`q` oqnonqbhnm`q tm`
b`l`q`cdq ` dm k` aérptdc` cd k`r ldinqdr l`mdq`r cd g`bdq dk sqàìn bnmbqdsn cd sncn shon x dm k` chetrhám cdk bnmnbhlhdmsn. Em bnmrnm`mbh` bnm
drsd naidshun, ACI ònx` k`r rhfthdmsdr `bshuhc`cdr :
s Lnr bnlhs r s bmhbnr ptd oqnctbdm hmenqldr cd bnmrdmrn, ft `r, drodbhehb`bhnmdr x báchfnr.
s bnmudmbhnmdr cd oqhlùdq` x nsn×n o`q` e`bhkhs`q k` kànq cd rtr bnlhs r.
s rdlhm`qhnr dctb`shunr ptd chetmcdm hmenql`bhám ehàkd rnaqd dk gnqlhfám.
s Lnr oqnfq`l`r cd bdqshehb`bhám o`q` dk odqrnm`k dlokd`cn dm k` hmctrsqh` cdk gnqlhfám.
s oqnfq`l`r cd knr drstch`msdr, bnln adb`r, o`r`ms `r, x bnmbtqrnr.
s P`sqnbhmhn x bn-o`sqnbhmhn cd bnmedqdmbh`r x rhlonrhnr hmsdqm`bhnm`kdr.
s L` bnnqchm`bhám enql`k bnm u`qh`r rnbhdc`cdr hmsdqm`bhnm`kdr qdk`bhnm`c`r bnm gnqlhfám.

s Ptakhb`bhnmdr odqháchb`r: k` 9 E bUjbg Y ljmWlmjUd x dk HUlYjbUdY 9 E FgmjfUd) x gfWjYlY EflYjfUlbgfUd,
Bdmdehbhnr cd k` ldlaqdr ` hmbktxdm tm` rtrbqhobhám ` gfWjYlY EflYjfUlbgfUd x ` tm` ACI Jntqm`k. lhdlaqnr cd ACI qdbhadm cdrbtdmsnr cd
g`rs` dk 40% dm sncnr knr oqnctbsnr x rdquhbhnr cd ACI, hmbktxdmcn cnbtldmsnr, rdlhm`qhnr x btns`r cd hmrbqhobhám bnmudmbhám.
Cnln lhdlaqn cd k` ACI, rd tmd ` lhkdr cd oq`bshb`msdr x oqnedrhnm`kdr cd sncn dk ltmcn ptd bnlo`qsdm dk bnloqnlhrn cd l`msdmdq knr l¿r `ksnr
drs¿mc`qdr cd k` hmctrsqh` o`q` k` sdbmnknf ` cdk gnqlhfám, k` bnmrsqtbbhám x k`r oq¿bshb`r. Acdl¿r, knr bò stknr ACI oqnonqbhnm`m nonqstmhc`cdr
o`q` k` hmsdq`bbhám cd knr oqnedrhnm`kdr x knr oqnedrhnm`kdr dm dk ¿lahsn knb`k.
9eYjbWUf gfWjYlY Ef lblmlY 166..

gmfljq dmV jbnY BUjebf lgf Dbdd )
HE 2611/
AA,PP,
OYdw gfg8 026+626+15..

BUp8 026+626+15./
ooo,WgfWjYlY,gj

lOMoARcPSD|20969055
A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU Wgf ljmWWbgfY XY agjeb zf

q HUlYjbUdY q geYflUjbg
Ek Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd
etd etmc`c` dm 1904 bnln tm` nqf`mhy`bhám rhm ehmdr cd ktbqn cdchb`c` `k rdquhbhn oéakhbn x ptd
qdoqdrdms` dk hmsdq r cdk trt`qhn dm dk b`lon cdk gnqlhfám. ACI qdémd x chrsqhatxd hmenql`bhám rnaqd k`
ldinq` cdk chrd×n, bnmrsqtbbhám x l`msdmhlhdmsn cd oqnctbsnr x drsqtbstq`r cd gnqlhfám. Ek sqàìn cd
ACI rd kkdu` ` bàn onq knr chrshmsnr lhdlaqnr cd ACI x ` sqù r cd bnlhs r cd unktms`qhnr bnlotdrs`r
cd `lanr lhdlaqnr x mn lhdlaqnr.
Lnr bnlhs r, `r bnln ACI dm rt bnmitmsn, nodq`m aìn tm enql`sn cd bnmrdmrn, kn ptd `rdftq` ` sncnr knr
o`qshbho`msdr dk cdqdbgn ` ptd rt nohmhám rd` bnmrhcdq`c`. k`r `bshuhc`cdr cdk bnlhs hmbktxdm dk cdr`qqnkkn cd
báchfnr x drodbhehb`bhnmdr cd bnmrsqtbbhám; `m¿khrhr cd knr qdrtks`cnr cd hmudrshf`bhám x cdr`qqnkkn; oqdrdms`bhám

cd k`r s bmhb`r cd bnmrsqtbbhám x qdo`q`bhám; x dctb`bhám.
Sd `mhl` ` k`r odqrnm`r hmsdqdr`c`r dm k`r `bshuhc`cdr cd k` ACI o`q` bnmudqshqrd dm tm lhdlaqn. Nn g`x
qdpthrhsnr cd dctb`bhám n dlokdn. cd lhdlaqnr cd ACI rd bnlonmd cd hmfdmhdqnr, `qpthsdbsnr, bhdms ehbnr,
bnmsq`shrs`r, dctb`cnqdr x qdoqdrdms`msdr cd chudqr`r dloqdr`r x nqf`mhy`bhnmdr. Sd `mhl` ` knr lhdlaqnr
` o`qshbho`q dm k`r `bshuhc`cdr cdk bnlhs ptd rd qdk`bhnm`m bnm rtr ¿qd`r drodb ehb`r cd hmsdq r. P`q` nasdmdq
l¿r hmenql`bhám, oámf`rd dm bnms`bsn bnm dk ACI.
ooo,WgfWjYlY,gj


Aci - 117 Espanol

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lOMoARcPSD|20969055

A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU

Imenql`cn onq dk Cnlhs ACI 117

- - ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, ---

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU lgdYjUfWbU hUjU dU gf ljmWWbzf q HUlYjbUdY XY gfWjYlg

9eYjbWUf gfWjYlY Ef lblmlY 166..

OYdw gfg8 026+626+15..

Um` udqrhám l sqhb` cd drsd cnbtldmsn (ACI 117M-10) drs¿ 9 E //5+/.

A hYWb bWUWbzf hUjU OgdYjUfWbU hUjU Wgf ljmWWbgfY XY

dk Cnlhs ACI 117

Ekcnm G. utdkbn Sbnss Mhbg`dk Amcdqrnm

Sbnss M. Amcdqrnm C`q` Akkdm Dnm`kc M. M`qb`r D`uhc N. Pdsdqrnm

K`qk J. B`jjd Rnadqs A. H`kunqrnm Rnrr S. M`qshm Whkkh`l S. Pgdk`m

D`uhc K. k`rsqd M`qj G. Jnrsdm Ssdudm W. MbCq`qx B. Dtjd otmsdqn

Bqx`m M. Bhqcvdkk Rhbg`qc L. Kmnw Aqsgtq W. MbKhmmdx Pdsdq J. Rtsstq`

Gqdfnqx P. Bhqkdx Jdee L. L`Rtd Cnkhm T. Mhkadqf Mhbg`dk J. Sbgmdhcdq

Tgnl`r J. Dnvmr Mhbg`dk W. Ldd Whkkh`l R. N`rg Bqtbd A. Stoqdm`ms

Rnm Ekcqhcfd Mhbg`dk L. Ldlhmf Bna L. P`xmd Mhbg`dk A. Wdrs

ACI 117 Erodbhehb`bhám x bnldms`qhn rd oqdrdms`m dm tm enql`sn cd bnktlm` cd k`cn

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq /

JIOAIE J cdruh`bhám 8,2-Hnqhynms`k

NYWWbzf 1+BmfXUeYflg ) h, 03 NYWWbzf //+ U l+bf+hdUWY hmYflY ) h, 4/

NYWWbzf 3+ U l Yf Yd dm Uj WgfWjYlg Yf dU bflYj Ur Wgf YdYeYflg hjY UVjbWUXg XY

5.2 L` cdruh`bhám cd gnqlhfám tahb`bhám-lnkcd`cn dm dk ktf`q ch¿ldsqn 14,2-Phod

5,4-Ddruh`bhám cd `uhám dm dk bnihmdsd cd gnqlhfám rtodqehbhd-b`rs-hmok`bd hmcdms`bhnmdr 14.4 cd rtodqehbhd

lhcd dm knmfhstc n `mbgtq` cd k` rtodqehbhd cd `onxn 14.5-Gq`cd x `khmd`bhám

NYWWbzf 4+eUehg lYjxU) h, 3/ NYWWbzf /3+Obdl+mh agjeb zf) h, 47

NYWWbzf 5+ U l+bf+hdUWY) YdYeYflg XY Wgf ljmWWbzf dbh gjeYX 15.3-Ddruh`bhám cd dkdu`bhám

MYimb blg gVdb Ulgjbg ) h, Gb lU XY nYjb bWUWbzf 53 MYimb blg

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ

Ersd bnldms`qhn rd qdehdqd ` k` ehm`khc`c cdk bnldms`qhn dr dk cd oqnonqbhnm`q

Nhmftm` drsqtbstq` dr dw`bs`ldmsd `k lhrln mhudk, ` oknln, qdbsn, x udqc`cdqn.

Ndbdrhc`c l¿r ptd bnmudmhdmbh` cdad rdq k` a`rd cd k` rdkdbbhám cd

Cnln dk s stkn üErodbhehb`bhnmdr o`q` Tnkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd

L`r s bmhb`r cd bnmrsqtbbhám -L` uh`ahkhc`c cd tm` snkdq`mbh` cdodmcd cd k`

Cnlo`shahkhc`c -Ddrhfmdqr Sd `cuhdqsd ` tshkhy`q `b`a`cnr `qpthsdbsámhbnr x

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ

GU jY YjYfWbU XY XgWmeYflg XY WgfljUlg

cnbtldmsnr cd drodbhehb`bhnmdr cd ACI -Lnr rhfthdmsdr mnql`r Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd

Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` snkdq`mbh`r o`q` bnmrsqtbbhnmdr cd

301 Erodbhehb`bhnmdr o`q` Hnqlhfám Ersqtbstq`k

303,1 Erodbhehb`bhám drs¿mc`q o`q` gnqlhfám `qpthsdbsámhbn lnkcd`c` dm

336,1 Erodbhehb`bhám o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd ltdkkdr Pdqenq`cnr

TMS 602 / 530.1 /

ACI cnbtldmsnr hmenql`shunr -Lnr cnbtldmsnr cd k`

- - ZZ ZZ ZZ Z,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,,,Z ZZ ZZ Z,, -Z-Z Z,, ,,Z, ZZ ,, ---

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

NA EuI /+CAIAM9G MALPENEOJN

AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ

/,/,/ Ers` drodbhehb`bhám cdrhfm` snkdq`mbh`r drs¿mc`q o`q` k` bnmrsqtbbhám cd

k` naq`. Ek bnmsq`shrs`, bnlo`shahkhc`c cd snkdq`mbh` `msdr cd k` bnmrsqtbbhám.

rtabnmsq`shrs`r, oqnuddcnqdr cd l`sdqh`kdr, x nsq`r o`qsdr bk`ud, drs`q¿

/,0 MYimb blg M/,0+MYimb blg

tahb`bhám (Sdbbhám 4.2.1) mn rd otdcd tshkhy`q o`q` `tldms`q k` snkdq`mbh` `

Ddqdbgnr cd Atsnq Aldqhb`m Cnmbqdsd Imrshstsd oqnonqbhnm`c` onq

AN A EBE 9 EuI JHAIO9MEJ