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    Mri Machine

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    محمد المدني
    A retinoscope is a handheld device used by eye care professionals to examine the retina. It works by projecting a light beam into the eye, which is then reflected back and detected by the instrument. This allows the professional to view the retina and measure any refractive errors. Key parts include a light source, mirror to reflect the light, and sight hole to view the red reflex. Retinoscopy is useful for estimating refractive errors, especially in young children or those who cannot communicate issues verbally. An abnormal red reflex could indicate conditions like cataracts or retinoblastoma.

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    Mri Machine

    Uploaded by

    محمد المدني
    12 views16 pages
    A retinoscope is a handheld device used by eye care professionals to examine the retina. It works by projecting a light beam into the eye, which is then reflected back and detected by the instrument. This allows the professional to view the retina and measure any refractive errors. Key parts include a light source, mirror to reflect the light, and sight hole to view the red reflex. Retinoscopy is useful for estimating refractive errors, especially in young children or those who cannot communicate issues verbally. An abnormal red reflex could indicate conditions like cataracts or retinoblastoma.

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    A retinoscope is a handheld device used by eye care professionals to examine the retina. It works by projecting a light beam into the eye, which is then reflected back and detected by the instrument. This allows the professional to view the retina and measure any refractive errors. Key parts include a light source, mirror to reflect the light, and sight hole to view the red reflex. Retinoscopy is useful for estimating refractive errors, especially in young children or those who cannot communicate issues verbally. An abnormal red reflex could indicate conditions like cataracts or retinoblastoma.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views16 pages

    Mri Machine

    Uploaded by

    محمد المدني
    A retinoscope is a handheld device used by eye care professionals to examine the retina. It works by projecting a light beam into the eye, which is then reflected back and detected by the instrument. This allows the professional to view the retina and measure any refractive errors. Key parts include a light source, mirror to reflect the light, and sight hole to view the red reflex. Retinoscopy is useful for estimating refractive errors, especially in young children or those who cannot communicate issues verbally. An abnormal red reflex could indicate conditions like cataracts or retinoblastoma.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    Retinascope

    Fatima Assad
    Safaa Mohammed
    Designed by: Mohammed Sadiq
    What is a Retinascope?

    Retinascope: is an examination of the retina that provides an objective


    measurement of refractive error. The procedure is performed by an optometrist
    during an eye exam to determine if a patient has emmetropia, myopia
    (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness) or astigmatism.
    A retina scope is particularly handy for examining younger children and people
    with special needs who might have problems accurately describing "what's
    wrong" with their vision. In addition, retina scopes can be used to test how well
    your eyes work together.
    Work principle of retina scope

    A retina scope is a handheld instrument used by eye care professionals to examine the back of
    the eye, specifically the retina and optic nerve. The device works by projecting a beam of light
    into the eye, which is then reflected back and detected by the instrument.

    The retina scope uses a specialized lens that allows the examiner to focus the light on the back
    of the eye. The instrument also contains a light source, typically an LED or a halogen bulb,
    which emits a bright beam of light.
    Work principle of retina scope

    When the light is shone into the eye, it passes through the pupil and onto the retina. The light
    is then reflected back out of the eye and detected by the retina scope's sensor. The
    instrument measures the reflection of light and creates an image of the back of the eye,
    which is then displayed on a screen or viewed through the instrument's eyepiece.

    The retina scope is a valuable tool in eye care, allowing eye care professionals to quickly and
    easily examine the retina and optic nerve for signs of disease or other issues.
    Parts of Retinoscope
    1. Power switch
    - Turns the retinoscope on and off
    - Controls the brightness of the light.
    2. Small globe (light bulb)
    - Provides the light
    3. Electric supply
    - Batteries (disposable or rechargeable) in the retinoscope handle
    - A power cord to connect the retinoscope to the main electricity.
    4. Mirror
    - Reflects light from the globe into the person’s eye
    5. Sight hole (viewing hole)
    - Allows the red reflex to be seen.
    6. Slide knob or sleeve
    - Rotates the axis of the retinoscopes light
    - Changes the light beam from divergent to convergent light.
    Device of Retinoscope
    The uses of retinoscopy
    1. Retinoscopy allows you to:
    Estimate a person’s refractive error before you begin your subjective
    refraction, it provides a starting point for your refraction.
    2. Estimate the refractive errors of people who have problems
    communicating
    with you, such as:
    - babies or young children
    - people with a physical or mental disability
    - people who speak a language that you do not understand
    - Deaf or mute people.
    Red Reflex
    When we shine light from a retinoscope on the pupil of the eye The light rays emitted from
    the retina are observed as a red retinal reflex in the patient's pupil.
    In the case of a healthy eye (emmetropia): The red reflex in the pupil appears completely
    neutral after placing the corrective lens in front of the eye (depending on the working
    distance)
    • Why is it important to test the red reflex?
    -The red reflex test can reveal problems in the cornea, the lens, the vitreous,
    and the retina; it is particularly useful in young children who may develop eye
    diseases but who are too young to complain of not seeing.
    • What are the causes of an abnormal red reflex?
    1. Cataract
    2. Retinoblastoma
    3. Other uncommon diseases of the vitreous or retina.
    • With motion: when the retinal reflex (red reflex) moves in the same direction of the
    streak light. . To reach the state of neutrality, a plus lens is added in front of the patient's
    eye
    • Against movement: when the retinal reflex (red reflex) moves in the opposite direction
    of the streak light. To reach the state of neutrality, a minus lens is added in front of the
    patient's eye
    • In case of oblique astigmatism, the light ray reflex from the retina is tilted at an angle
    (i.e. not vertical or horizontal).
    Working Distance
    It is the distance between the patient's eye and the device The power of the working
    distance lens can be known through the working distance and the application of the
    equation:

    D=1/f
    where:
    D : lens power
    f: working distance in meters
    Most optometrists rely on a working distance of approximately 67 cm. - This is an
    appropriate distance (approximately the length of the examiner' S arm), So the working
    distance lens is (-1.50 D
    Some optometrists rely on a working distance of 50 cm, i.e. a working distance lens (-
    2.00 D).
    Correction Lens

    It is the lens that is used to detect and correct the refractive error by neutral light reflex from
    the retina with the light of the device in the hand of the examiner.
    Plus (+) power lens is placed on the reflex eye "with motion
    Minus(-) power lens is placed on the reflex eye "against motion "

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