CBSE Class 11 Straight Lines Worksheet

Class 11th
Q.1) Line through the points (-2, 6) and (4, 8) is perpendicular to the line through the points
(8, 12) and (𝑥, 24). Find the value of 𝑥.
Sol.1) Let 𝑚1 → slope of the line passes through the point (-2, 6) and (4, 8)
8−6 2 𝑦2 −𝑦1
Then 𝑚1 = = ……… using 𝑚 =
4−(−2) 6 𝑥2 −𝑥1

1
⇒ 𝑚1 =
3

Let 𝑚2 → slope of the line passes through the point (8, 12) and (x, 24)
24−12 12
Then 𝑚2 = =
𝑥−8 𝑥−8

m
Given that the two lines are perpendicular

co
∴ 𝑚1 𝑚2 = −1

⇒ ×
1 12
= −1 y.
da
3 𝑥−8

12
⇒ = −1
to

3𝑥−24
es

⇒ 12 = −3𝑥 + 24
di

⇒ 3𝑥 = 12
tu

⇒𝑥 =4 ans.
Q.2) Find the value of 𝑥 for which the points (𝑥, −1), (2, 1) and (4, 5) are collinear.
.s
w

Sol.2) Let points are 𝐴(𝑥, −1), 𝐵(2, 1) and 𝐶(4, 5)

w

Since points are collinear

w

∴ slope of 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝐶

1−(−1) 5−1 𝑦2 −𝑦1

⇒ = ……… using 𝑚 =
2−𝑥 4−2 𝑥2 −𝑥1

2 4
⇒ =
2−𝑥 2

⇒ 4 = 8 − 4𝑥

⇒ 4𝑥 = 4

⇒𝑥 =1 ans.

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Q.3) Without using Pythagoras theorem, show that 𝐴(4, 4), 𝐵(3, 5) and 𝐶(−1, −1) are the
vertices of a right angled triangle.

Sol.3) We have 𝐴(4, 4), 𝐵(3, 5) and 𝐶(−1, −1)

5−4 1
Slope of side 𝐴𝐵(𝑚1 ) = = = −1
3−4 −1

−1−5 −6 3
Slope of side 𝐵𝐶(𝑚2 ) = = =
−1−3 −4 2

−1−4 −5
Slope of side 𝐴𝐶 = = =1
−1−4 −5

Clearly, 𝑚1 × 𝑚2 = (−1)(1) = −1

⇒ 𝐴𝐵 ⊥ AC

m
∴ 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 is a right angle triangle at 𝐴 = 90° Ans.

co
Q.4) The slope of a line is double of the slope of another line. If tangent of the angle between
1
them is .Find the slopes of the lines.
3
y.
da
Sol.4) 1
Given, tan 𝜃 =
3
to

Let the slope of 1st line = 𝑚

es

Then slope of 2nd line = 2𝑚 (given)

di

𝑚1 −𝑚2
Now, angle between two lines is tan 𝜃 = | |
tu

1+𝑚1 𝑚2

1
.s

Here 𝑚1 = 𝑚 and 𝑚2 = 2𝑚 and tan 𝜃 =

3
w

1 𝑚−2𝑚
⇒ =| |
w

3 1+2𝑚2
w

1 −𝑚 𝑚
⇒ =| |=| |
3 1+2𝑚2 1+2𝑚2

1 𝑚
⇒± = ………. {𝑖𝑓 |𝑥| = 𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = ±𝑦}
3 1+2𝑚2

⇒ 1 + 2𝑚2 = 3𝑚 −1 − 2𝑚2 = 3𝑚

⇒ 2𝑚2 − 3𝑚 + 1 = 0 2𝑚2 + 3𝑚 + 1 = 0

⇒ 2𝑚2 − 2𝑚 − 𝑚 + 1 = 0 2𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 𝑚 + 1 = 0

⇒ 2𝑚(𝑚 − 1) − 1(𝑚 − 1) = 0 2𝑚(𝑚 + 1) + 1(𝑚 + 1) = 0

⇒ (𝑚 − 1)(2𝑚 − 1) = 0 (2𝑚 + 1)(𝑚 + 1) = 0

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 1 1
⇒ 𝑚 = 1 and 𝑚 = 𝑚 = − And 𝑚 = −1
2 2

1 1
∴ slope of 1st line are 1, , − And −1
2 2
∴ slope of 2nd line are 2, 1, −1 and −2 ans.
Q.5) A ray of light passing through the point (1, 2) reflects on the 𝑋 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 at point 𝐴 and the
reflected ray passes through the point (5, 3). Find the coordinates of 𝐴.

Sol.5) Let the coordinates of point 𝐴 is (𝑥, 0)

3−0 3 𝑦2 −𝑦1
Slope of 𝐴𝐶 = = ……… using 𝑚 =
5−𝑥 5−𝑥 𝑥2 −𝑥1

Also slope of 𝐴𝐶 = Tan 𝜃 ……… 𝑚 = tan 𝜃

3
⇒ tan 𝜃 = ………(i)
5−𝑥

m
2−0 2
Now the slope of 𝐴𝐵 = =

co
1−𝑥 1−𝑥
Also slope of 𝐴𝐵 = tan(180 − 𝜃) = − Tan 𝜃
2
⇒ − tan 𝜃 =
1−𝑥
y.
da
−2
⇒ tan 𝜃 = ………..(ii)
1−𝑥
to

From equation (i) & (ii)

3 −2
es

⇒ =
5−𝑥 1−𝑥
di

⇒ 3 − 3𝑥 = −10 + 2𝑥
tu

⇒ 13 = 5𝑥
.s

13
⇒𝑥 =
5
w

13
w

∴ the required point is 𝐴 ( , 0) Ans.

5
w

Q.6) Find the equation of a line passing through the point (2, 2) and cutting of intercepts on
the axis whose sum is 9.
𝑥 𝑦
Sol.6) Let the equation of line is + = 1
𝑎 𝑏

We have 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 9 ⇒ 𝑏 = 9 − 𝑎
𝑥 𝑦
⇒ + =1
𝑎 9−𝑎

This line passes through the point

∴ (2,2) will satisfy the equation of line

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 2 2
⇒ + =1
𝑎 9−𝑎

18−2𝑎+2𝑎
⇒ =1
𝑎(9−𝑎)

⇒ 18 = 9𝑎 − 𝑎2

⇒ 𝑎2 − 9𝑎 + 18 =

⇒ (𝑎 − 6)(𝑎 − 3) = 0

⇒ 𝑎 = 6 and 𝑎 = 3

When 𝑎 = 6 then 𝑏 = 3
And 𝑎 = 3 then 𝑏 = 6
∴ equations of line are
𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
+ =1 + =1

m
6 3 3 6
⇒ 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6 ans. ⇒ 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 ans.

co
Q.7) Find the equation of the line passing through the point of intersection of the lines 4𝑥 +
7𝑦 = 3 and 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 1 that has equal intercepts with axes.

y.
da
Sol.7) Given equations of line:-

4𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 3 ………(i)
to

2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −1 ………(ii)
es

Solving (i) & (ii), we get

di
tu

1 5
𝑥= And 𝑦 =
13 13
.s

1 5
∴ the intersection point is ( , )
w

13 13
w

𝑥 𝑦
Let the equation of required line is + = 1
𝑎 𝑎
w

1 5
Now this line passes through the point ( , )
13 13

1 5
13 13
⇒ + =1
𝑎 𝑎

1 5
⇒ + =1
11𝑎 13𝑎

⇒ 6 = 13𝑎
6
⇒𝑎 =
13

∴ equation of line becomes

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 𝑥 𝑦
6 6
+ =1
13 13

13𝑥 13𝑦
⇒ + =1
6 6

⇒ 13𝑥 + 13𝑦 = 6 ans.

Q.8) A line perpendicular to the line segment joining the points (1,0) and (2,3) divide it in the
ratio 1: 𝑛. Find the equation of the line

Sol.8) 3−0 𝑦2 −𝑦1

Slope of 𝐴𝐵 = =3 ……… 𝑚 =
2−1 𝑥2 −𝑥1

Since 𝐶𝐷 ⊥ AB
1
∴ Slope of 𝐶𝐷 = − ……… −𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
3

m
Now, point 𝐷 divide 𝐴𝐵 in the ratio 1: 𝑛

co
By section formula,

Coordinate of 𝐷 is = (
2+𝑛
,
3
) y.
da
1+𝑛 1+𝑛

Equation of required line 𝐶𝐷 (using point slope form)

to
es

3 1 2+𝑛
𝑦− = − (𝑥 − )
1+𝑛 3 1+𝑛
di

(1+𝑛)𝑦−3 1 𝑥(1+𝑛)−2−𝑛
=− [ ]
1+𝑛 3 1+𝑛
tu

⇒ 3(1 + 𝑛)𝑦 − 9 = −(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 + 2 + 𝑛

.s
w

⇒ 𝑥(1 + 𝑛) + 𝑦(3𝑛 + 3) = 11 + 𝑛 ans.

w

Q.9) Find the coordinates of the foot of perpendicular from the point (-1, 3) to the line 3𝑥 −
w

4𝑦 − 16 = 0.

Sol.9) Given equation of 𝐴𝐵: 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 16 ………….(i)

−3 3 − 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
Slope of 𝐴𝐵 = = …………{𝑚 = }
−4 4 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑦

Since 𝐶𝐷 ⊥ AB
4
∴ Slope of 𝐶𝐷 = − ……… −𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
3

4
Equation of line 𝐶𝐷 (use point slope form), (point (-1, 3) & 𝑚 = − )
3

4
𝑦 − 3 = − (𝑥 + 1)
3

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 ⇒ 3𝑦 − 9 = −4𝑥 − 4

⇒ 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 5 ……….. (ii)
Solving (i) & (ii)
68 49
We get 𝑥 = And 𝑦 = −
25 25
68 49
∴ foot of perpendicular id 𝐷 ( ,− ) ……… {𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐵 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 𝐷}
25 25
Q.10) The vertices of a triangle are 𝐴(10, 4), 𝐵(−4, 9) and 𝐶(−2, −1). Find the equations of its
altitudes. Also find its ORTHOCENTRE.

Sol.10) Orthocenter is the point of intersects of altitudes of a triangle.

Altitude 𝐴𝐷:
−1−9
Slope of 𝐵𝐶 = = −5
−2+4

m
Since 𝐴𝐷 ⊥ CB

co
1
∴ Slope of 𝐴𝐷 = ……… −𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
5

y.
Now equation of AD (using point slope from point A(10, 4), slope = )
1
da
5

1
𝑦 − 4 = (𝑥 − 10)
to

5
es

⇒ 5𝑦 − 20 = 𝑥 − 10
di

⇒ 𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −10 ……….. (i)

Altitude 𝐵𝐸:
tu

−1−4 5
Slope of 𝐴𝐶 = =
−2−10 12
.s

Since 𝐵𝐹 ⊥ AC
12
∴ Slope of 𝐵𝐸 = − ……… −𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦
w

5
−12
Now equation of 𝐵𝐸 (using point slope from point B(-4,9), slope =
w

)
5
12
𝑦−9=− (𝑥 + 4)
w

⇒ 5𝑦 − 45 = −12𝑥 − 48

⇒ 12𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −3 …………..(ii)

Similarly equation of 𝐶𝐹 is 14𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −23 ……(iii)

∴ equation of altitudes are

𝐴𝐷 = 𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −10

𝐵𝐹 = 12𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −3

𝐶𝐹 = 14𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −23

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 To find ORTHOCENTRE, solve any two equations of altitudes.

By solving (i) & (ii) we get

9
𝑥 = −1 and 𝑦 =
5

9
∴ orthocenter is (−1, ) ans.
5

m
co
y.
da
to
es
di
tu
.s
w
w
w

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