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E-Governance: An Introduction
• The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to government services,
exchange of information, transactions, integration of pre existing services and information portals is
called e-governance.
• According to Blake Harris - e-governance is not limited to delivery of services through government
web sites and e-mails, internet, but also ensures closeness between citizens and government and meets
the needs of citizens and the responsibilities of the government. clarifies.

The Council of Europe has mentioned e-governance as-

➢ Use of electronic technologies in three areas of public action
The term E-Governance has different connotations:
❖ E-Administration:
• The use of ICTs to modernize the state; the creation of data repositories for MIS, computerization of
records.
❖ E-services:
• The emphasis here is to bring the state closer to the citizens, Examples include provision of online
services.
• E-administration and e-services together constitute what is generally termed e-government.
❖ E-Democracy:
• The use of IT to facilitate the ability of all sections of society to participate in the governance of the
state.
• The remit is much broader here with a stated emphasis on transparency, accountability and
participation. Examples could include online disclosure policies, online grievance redress forums and
e-referendums. Conceptually, more potent.

➢ Evolution of E-Governance
• 1969 :- US department of defense computers connected via local area network.
• E-governance in India originated during the 1970s with elections, census, tax administrative etc.
• 1970 :- Establishment of Electronics Department
• 1976 :- (NIC) Establishment of National Information Center (NIC)
• 1987 :- National satellite based compute network.
• 1987 :- Launched the District Information System program
• 1988 :- National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM)
• 1990- it was expanded from the state capital to all the district headquarters, which was called the
DISNIC (District Information Center of National Information Center Network) program.
• National Conference on e-Governance has been started by the Department of Administrative
Reforms and Public Grievances since 1997.
• 1998- A National Task Force on Information Technology and Software Development was set up.
• 1999- Establishment of Ministry of Information Technology
• 9 June 2000 :- Information Technology Act, 2000

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• RTI Act 2005

• 2000- a 12-point agenda for e-governance was listed for implementation in all central ministries and
departments.
• The first National Conference of State IT Ministers for the advent of a Common Action Plan for
Promotion of IT in India was held in the year 2000.
• Government and NASSCOM set up NISG (National Institute for Smart Government) in 2002.
• The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) was launched on 18 May 2006. It consists of 31 mission
mode projects (MMP) and 8 support components.
• The headquarter of NeGP is in New Delhi.
• 16 July 2009 :- Common Service Centers
• The National Policy on Information Technology (NPIT) was adopted in 2012.
• 1 July 2015 :- Digital India
• 2016 :- Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
(Meity) (carved out of the Ministry of Communication)
• The Department of Electronics and Information Technology was created in 2012.
• In 2016, it was separated from the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and
made a full-fledged Ministry of Education under the name of the Ministry of Education.
• Theme of the 23rd National e-Governance Conference - India 2020 – Digital Transformation

STAGES OF E-GOVERNANCE
• (Computerization) :- Availability of computers in all government offices along with availability of
personal computers.
• (Networking) :- Connected through a hub for information exchange and data flow.
• (On-line presence) :- Maintenance of websites
• (On-line interactivity) :- Opening of communication channels between government institutions and
citizens.

PILLARS OF E-GOVERNANCE
• People
• Process
• Technology
• Resources
TYPES OF E-GOVERNANCE
It provides quality services in several ways. Those ways are also called as types of e-governance. These are
mentioned below-
1. G2C (Government to Citizen)
2. G2G (Government to Government)
3. G2B (Government to Business)
4. G2E (Government to Employee)

1. G2C (Government to Citizen)

The types of services provided by this model include -

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1. Pay bills online like electricity, water, telephone bills etc.

2. Online registration of applications.
3. Copies of land records.
4. Online filing of complaints.
5. Availability of any kind of online information.

1- Direct Cash Transfer

• To facilitate the distribution of Government entitlements like NREGA, Social Security Pension,
Disabled Old Age Pension etc. to any Central or State Government bodies using Aadhaar and
authentication supported by UIDAI.
2. Computerization of Land Records
• computerized copies of ownership, crop and tenancy and Records of Rights ¼RoR½ on demand.
Ensuring to landowners in collaboration with NIC .
3- Land Project
• Online distribution of land records.
• E-governance project for computerized distribution of 20 million rural land records to 6.7 million
farmers through 177 government owned kiosks in the state of Karnataka
4- Gyandoot
• It is an intranet-based government to citizen (G2C) service delivery initiative.
• It was initiated in January 2000 in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, with the objective of providing
relevant information to the rural population and to act as an interface between the district
administration and the people.
5. Headstart
• Launched in 2003
• To arrange computer and printer in every school of Madhya Pradesh
5- Lokvani Project
• Lokvani is a public-private partnership project in Sitapur district of Uttar Pradesh, which was started
in November 2004.
• It aims to provide a single window, self-sustainable e-governance solution with respect to grievance
redressal, land record maintenance and providing a mix of essential services.
6- Project Friends (Kerala)
• FREINDS (Fast Reliable Instant Efficient Network for Disbursement of Services)
• A single window facility that provides a means for citizens to pay taxes and other financial liabilities
to the state government.
7- E-Mitra Project
• E-Mitra is an integrated project since 2005 to facilitate urban and rural public with maximum
possible services related to various State Government Departments through Lokmitra-Janmitra
Kendras/Kiosks.
8. COSMOS (Chhattisgarh)
• It is online school monitoring system which monitors the attendance of teachers and students online
and tracks through biometric device
9- E-Service
• This project is designed to provide 'government to citizen' and Business e-business to citizen'
services in Andhra Pradesh in 1999.
• The main attraction of the e-Seva project is that all the services are delivered online by connecting
the consumers/ citizens with the respective government departments and providing online
information at the point of service delivery.
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10- CARD (Computer-aided Administration of Registration Department)

• Andhra Pradesh
11- E-cops
• Andhra Pradesh
• 2002
12. Voice
• Andhra Pradesh
13. SWAGAT(State Wide Attention on Public Grievance by Application of
Technology)
• Gujarat
• 2003
14. Registration
• Assam
15. Lokmitra
• Himachal Pradesh
16. Common Entrance Test (CET)
• Moved again to ICT to make the process of admission transparent and objective. One of the
pioneering efforts was by Karnataka.
• The state government decided to conduct a common entrance test, on the basis of which admission to
various colleges and subjects took place.

2. G2G (Government to Government)

1- Khazane Project
• It is a comprehensive online treasury computerization project of the Government of Karnataka.

2- SmartGov
• SmartGov has been developed to streamline operations, enhance efficiency through workflow
automation and knowledge management for implementation in Andhra Pradesh Secretariat.

3. PRAGATI(Pro-Active Governance And Timely Implementation)

• Launched by the Government of India to get departmental information along with the
implementation of government business

4. National e-Governance Plan

• The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) has been prepared in 2006 by the Department of
Electronics and Information Technology (DEITY) and the Department of Administrative Reforms
and Public Grievances (DARPG).
• This includes 31 (initially 27) Mission Mode Projects (MMP).
central MMPs
state MMPs
integrated MMPs

Central State government integrated services

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government
Income tax Land record e-commerce
Passport road transport e-vij
pension property registration India Portal
banking Agriculture Easy Gateway
MCA21 Treasury e-courts
Insurance municipalities e-procurement
National Citizen gram panchayats integrated services
Database and UID
central excise commercial tax e-commerce
central government police e-vij
Income tax Employment office India Portal
Passport District Easy Gateway

3. G2B (Government to Business)

The general information shared through this model are -
• Collection of taxes
• Patent Rejection and Approval
• Pay bills and fines
• Sharing all kind of information, rules and data etc.

Saras Collection
• On May 4, 2020, the Union Ministry of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj launched “The Saras
Collection” on GeM (Government e-Marketplace) platform aimed at promoting daily utilities created
by Self Help Groups.
MCA 21(2006) by Ministry of Corporate Affairs
• The objective of this project is to provide easy and secure online access to all the registry related
services provided by the Union Ministry of Corporate Affairs and other stakeholders to the
Corporates and other stakeholders at any time

E-Procurement Project in Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat4.

G2E (Government to Employee)

• e-learning methods;
• Consolidating the employee and
• Share of knowledge among the employees.
It has also facilitated the employee to access information regarding pay and benefit policies and manage
their profits through online.

Major e-governance initiative in India

Digital India Programme
• Launched on 1st July 2015
Vision
• Transforming India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge based economy

field of vision
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• There are 3 vision areas of this scheme

1. Digital Infrastructure as a Utility for Every Citizen
2. Governance and Services on Demand
3. Digital Empowerment of Citizens

Pillars of digital india

• The following are the 9 pillars of Digital India.
1. Broadband Highway
2. Universal Mobile Connectivity
3. Internet Public Outreach Program
4. E-governance: Reforms in government with the help of technology
5. E-Kranti: Electronic Delivery of Services
6. Information for all
7. Electronic Manufacture: Zero Import
8. Employment generation in the field of information technology
9. Information Technology for Quick Yield Programs

1. Broadband Highway
• It has the following three sub-components
a. Broadband for all - Rural
• Broadband connectivity will be provided through optical fiber to all 2.5 lakh gram panchayats
through Bharat Net.
b. Broadband for All -Urban
• Broadband connectivity will be provided in all the cities by the virtual network operator.

c. National Information Infrastructure

• Availability of high speed internet will be ensured by integrating all network and cloud infrastructure
through National Information Infrastructure
• Under this, National Knowledge Network, National Optical Fiber Network, Government Network
and Meghraj will be integrated.

2. Universal mobile connectivity

• Under this mobile connectivity will be made available in 42300 villages.

3. Public Access Program on Internet.

• Under this, access to the Internet will be made available to the general public through 2.5 lakh
common service centers and one and a half lakh post offices.
4. e-Governance – Reforming Government through Technology

5. E-Kranti: Electronic delivery of services

• Started in 2015 with "Transforming e-governance for the vision".
• 44 mission mode projects are running under it.

6. Information for all

• Online access to government information and documents
• Two way communication between citizens and government on online platforms and social media

7. Electronic Manufacture: Zero Import

• Promotion of electronics manufacturing in India and target of zero imports by 2020
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8. Employment Generation in the field of Information Technology

• Training of one crore youth in 5 years to tap the employment opportunities available in the information
technology sector.

9. Information Technology for Quick Yield Programs

(IT for Early Harvest Programmes)
• Implementation of project in short time like e-message
,e-greeting,biometric attendance,wifi in all universities

Major Projects of Digital India

Projects Description
Digital Locker • Providing citizens a private space to store their public and private
documents securely in the public cloud
• There is a space of up to 1 Gb in this locker, in which the size of a file
can be up to 10 Mb
My Gov.in • It ensures the participation of citizens in governance
Swachh Bharat Mission • This app will be used by common people and government organizations
Mobile App to achieve the goals of Swachh Bharat Mission
E-Signature • Citizens will be allowed to sign any document in digital form online
using Aadhaar authentication
E-Hospital Application • This application provides important services such as online registration,
fee payment, appointment time, online clinic report, online inquiry of
blood availability etc.
National Scholarship Portal • This portal provides a single window solution to provide all the
scholarships provided by the Government of India till the beneficiary
Digitize India Platform • Launched Digitize India platform for large scale digitization of records
in the country
Bharat Net • This scheme is a high speed digital highway connecting 2.5 lakh gram
panchayats of the country.
• It was started in 2011 as National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN)
Direct Benefit Transfer • Transfers the subsidy given by the government directly to the bank
accounts of the beneficiaries
• 440 programs have been included in this, in which Rs 1,41,677 crore
has been saved.
Umang (Unified mobile app providing government service through back end synergy with
Mobile Application for New- multiple government applications and databases
age Governance) • 362 services available from 73 departments and 18 states
Swayam
(Study Webs of Active– • Massive open online course (MOOC)
Learning for Young • Provides degree to the students on completion of the course
Aspiring Minds)
PMG Disha • Prime Minister Rural Digital Literacy Campaign
• Launched to make at least one person from each family digitally literate
• Target to train 6 crore people in rural areas
e-visa • Application for services of e-Visa is completely online
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e-Adalat Mobile App and • it has become easy to monitor the status of cases going on in various
Portal courts across the country.
Government e-Market Place • a transparent online marketplace for government procurement
(GeM)
App “Cvigil • Platform to complain on violation of election code of conduct
App “CHUNAV • Election app was used by Madhya Pradesh state election commission to
bring transparency in elections
National Knowledge • Established in 2010
Network • Institutions of Bangladesh also included
Diksha • Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing
• platform offers teachers, students and parents engaging learning
material relevant to the prescribed school curriculum.
eNAM It was launched on 14th April 2016 as a pan-India electronic trade portal
National agriculture market linking Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) across the
States.
• Coordination of 585 Krishi Mandis in 16 States and 2 Union Territories
eSanjeevani It is a telemedicine service platform of the Ministry of Health & Family
Welfare.
DigiBunai DigiBunai aids the weavers to create digital artwork
PM SVANidhi scheme The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has
launched Pradhan Mantri Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM
SVANidhi), for providing affordable loans to street vendors
Aarogya Setu Digital solutions during Covid-19: Contact tracing app
DIGI BOOK Recently on October, 2021 NITI Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)
launched a new digi-book-called “Innovations for You
SATYABHAMA PORTAL Science and Technology Yojana for Atmanirbhar Bharat in Mining
Advancement

e-governance in M.P.
• In 1990, the government was announced established its first I.T. The policy
• Current I.T. Policy is implemented in 2016 M.P.
Mission Mode Projects in M.P.
e-district project
• Under Public Service Guarantee Act
• Helpful in creating an electronic workflow system for district administration
• Helpful in providing services by various departments through Common Service Centre, Lokseva Kendra,
MP ONLINE Kiosks and Internet.

State Portal and State Service Delivery Gateway

• To provide easy and convenient services to citizens through Common Service Center.
• 41 services are being provided by 6 departments through the state portal.

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e-treasury
• Integrated Treasuries Computerization Project (ITCP)

Land Record
• 100% conversion of written data of land records into electronic form.

e-tender
• To bring transparency in the tender process.

e-commerce tax
• To provide transparent, speedy and efficient services to the taxpayers.

Departmental project
MPTAAS- MP Tribal affairs automation system
• Implemented by Madhya Pradesh Tribal Department.
• Beneficiaries of tribal community can apply online for various schemes.

MGNREGA-Soft
• Implemented by Panchayat and Rural Development Department.
• Online payment to workers and beneficiaries.

e-procurement project
• Implemented by Food Supply and Consumer Protection Department.
• To enable procurement operations (under MSP) in the State.

IRCTC SMS For MP Tourism

• Implemented by Madhya Pradesh State Tourism Department.
• Under this, use of SMS technology to give proper information to the tourists about the destination and
Madhya Pradesh tourist hotels.

SMS based monitoring system

• Started from Betul to keep inspection on MNREGA
Introducing Mobile Technology for monitoring law and order
• Starting from collector office Khandwa

Paperless News Release System

• Public relations department started from Khandwa

Vatsalya
• Implemented by District Administration Hoshangabad.
• Improving child health and setting appropriate standards.

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Geo Search (Geomatics-based Application enabling search in M.P.)

• Implemented by Panchayat and Rural Development Department.
• Spatial geo-database created in rural areas covering roads, railway lines, forests and major water bodies.
• Through this, any village can be searched on the map along with its profile.
• Madhya Pradesh is the first state to provide such facility.

Geoforest
• Implemented by Madhya Pradesh Forest Department.
• Preparation of local database of forest land.
• Madhya Pradesh is the first state in the country to develop such a system.

SWAN
• Established in 2008 in M.P.
• Voice and Video Communication Facility System
• Through this, all the block headquarters have been connected with the capital and district headquarters.

MP online
• Establishment- 2006
• This is a joint venture of Madhya Pradesh Government and Tata Consultancy Services.
• Providing services by various government departments to common citizens through online medium.

E-Daksh
• Implemented by the Department of Science and Technology.
• Operated in all districts of Madhya Pradesh
• It aims to provide IT training to about 8 lakh government employees in a time period of 5 years.

Madhya Pradesh Agency for Promotion of Information Technology

• Establishment on May 3, 1999
• Nodal agency for implementing IT policy of Madhya Pradesh

Project e-Mission Team

• Team of highly skilled IT experts who have been called from the private sector and appointed in various
departments of the state
• At present there are 75 such teams in 35 departments of Madhya Pradesh.

Center Of Excellence
• Implemented since 2015 under the Madhya Pradesh Agency for Promotion of Information Technology
which provides advanced IT services to various departments of the Government of Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh State Spatial Data Infrastructure (MPSSDI)

• Team of technical experts working in the field of Geographical Information System

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• Madhya Pradesh is the first state in the country to issue Spatial Data Infrastructure Policy
• Madhya Pradesh is the first state in the country to have Measles map of 52000 villages through
Geographical Information System Map.

Useful Portals and Websites

Central Board of Direct Taxes www.incometaxtindia .gov.in
Central Board of Excise and Customs www.cbec.gov.in
Central Excise & Service Tax www.aces.gov.in
income tax e filing www.incometaxindiaefiling .gov.in
corporate affairs department www.mca.gov.in
National Securities Depository www.nsdl.co.in
Limited
Central Depository Services India www.csdlindia.com
Limited
Free Online File Converter www.onlineocr.net
National Portal of India www.india.gov.in
business portal of india www.business.gov.in
home Ministry www.mha.nic.in
Finance Ministry www.finmin.nic.in
Ministry of Information Technology www.deity.gov.in
right to Information www.rti.gov.in
India Post www.indiapost.gov.in
Indian Railways www.indiarail.gov.in
India Tenders www.tenders.gov.in
Indian Visa www.indianvisaonline.gov.in
passport department www.passport.gov.in
Employee's State Insurance www.esic.nic.in
Corporation
base service www.uidai.gov.in
Supreme Court of India www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in
Show Cause Lists of Indian Courts www.indiancourts.nic.in
e-court www.ecourts.gov.in
District Courts of India www.lobis.nic.in
Securities and Exchange Board of www.sebi.gov.in
India SEBI
National Stock Exchange www.nseindia.com
Mumbai Stock Exchange www.bseindia.com
reserve Bank of India www.rbi.org.in
Board of Monetary and Financial www.bifr.nic.in
Restructuring
Industrial Development Bank of India www.idbi.com
Industrial Finance Corporation of www.ifciltd.com
India
Life Insurance Corporation of India www.licindia.in
Unit Trust of India www.utimf.com

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Export Import Bank of India www.eximbankindia.in

nabard www.nabard.org
Housing and Urban Development www.hudco.org
Corporation
Small Industries Development Bank www.sidbi.in
of India

SMART GOV-
• SIMPLE
• MORAL
• ACCOUNTABLE
• RESPONSIVE
• TRANSPARENT
National Informatics Center (NIC)
• At present NIC has 4 data centers
a. Delhi
b. Pune, Maharashtra
c. B. Bhubaneswar, Orissa
d. Hyderabad, Telangana
• NIC’s The Center of Excellence for Artificial Intelligence is located in Delhi.
• NIC’s Center of Excellence for Blockchain Technology is in Bangalore.
• NIC’s Cyber Security Center - ‘Computer emergency response team( CERT) is located in Delhi.
• NIC’s Software Development Unit is located in Pune

25th National Conference on e-governance

Venue – Katra ,Jammu and Kashmir
Theme - e-Governance – Bringing Citizens, Industry and Government Closer
Awards

Category Project Name Dept./Orgn./State/

District
Excellence in Government Process e-Panchayat Ministry of
Re-engineering for Digital Panchayati Raj, Govt
Transformation of India
State/ UT level initiatives MINE MITRA DirectorateofGeology
& Mining, (UP)
Excellence in Providing Citizen Judgement & Orders search eCommittee,Supreme
Centric Delivery Portal (High Courts of India) Court of India,
Ministry of Law and
Justice, Govt of India
State/ UT level initiatives eRegistration for document Department of
registration Registration &
Stamps,(MH)
Excellence in District level Parvarish (A step Towards District Cachar,
initiative in e-Governance Kuposhan Mukta Bharat) (Assam)
Other States Gang Canal Regulation District Sri
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Computerization Project Ganganagar (RJ)

UTs (including Delhi) GAASH District Srinagar (J &
K)
Outstanding research on Citizen Video Analytics for Safety Indian Institute of
Centric Services by and Compliance Applications Technology,
Academic/Research Institutions Bombay
Excellence in Adopting Emerging Trinetra: Integrated Police Department,
Technologies Command Government of
and Control Center (i3C) Gujarat

United Nations e-Governance Development Index 2022

• India ranked 105th in the United Nations e-Governance Development Index 2022 with a score of 0.5883
• First rank - Denmark , Finland and Republic of Korea

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