SUPER SAVER

COURSE 11TH FOR

NEET

(BOTANY)

Contents
TOPIC EXERCISE

* Cell the unit of the Life

* Cell cycle and cell division

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EXERCISE - 1
1. Find incorrect statement with regard to centrosome and centrioles:-
(a) Centrosomes are surrounded by amorphous pericentriolar material
(b) In centrosome, both centrioles lie parallel to each other in which each centrioles lie parallel to each other in which
each has an organisation like the cartwheel
(c) Centrioles are made up of nine unevenly spaced peripheral fibrils of tubulin
(d) Hub is the central proteinaceous part of centriole
(e) Proteinaceous radial spokes connect hub to peripheral triplets
(A) a,b,e (B) only b (C) b,c (D) All are correct
2. a. Minute vesicles b. Membrane bound
c. Contained enzymes d. Present in plant and animals
Above statements are correct for :-
(A) Plastids (B) Microbodies (C) Nucleoli (D) Satellite bodies
3. Which of the following are correct for the cell whicfh has naked ds circular DNA?
a. Both 70S and 80 S ribosomes
b. Histone absent
c. Compartmentalisation of cytoplasm absent
d. Always diploid
(A) a and d (B) b and c (C) a and c (D) b and d
4. Which of the following is/are functions (s) of lipochondria
I. Chemical modification of lipids and proteins
II. Detoxification
III. Formation of acrosome
IV. Glycogen synthesis & breakdown
Choose the correct option
(A) I and II are incorrect
(B) I and III are correct
(C) II is incorrect and remaining are correct (D) II and III are incorrect
5. Cilia are differ from flagella:-
a. In having small size b. In having non coordinated movement
c. In taking part in attachment, feeding and sensation d. In number of microtubules
e. In working like oars
Choose the correct option
(A) a,c and e (B) a,c,d and e
(C) a,b,c,d and e (D) b and d
6. A researcher made an observation about a protein made by ribosome and eventually used to build a cells’ plasma
membrane. The protein in the membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made by ribosome, the protein
was probably pass through
(A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum (B) Golgi apparatus
(C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (D) Ribosomes
7. If living cells similar to those found on earth, were found on another planet, where there was no oxygen, which cell
organelle would most probably be absent?
(A) Ribosomes (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Mitochondria (D) Endoplasmic Reticulum

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8. Plant and prokaryotic cells are similar with each other but differ from animal cells :-
(A) In possessing 70 S ribosomes (B) In possessing cell wall
(C) In possessing Glycocalyx (D) In possessing inclusion bodies
9. Ratio of protein and lipid in the membrane of erythrocytes of human being is :-
(A) 1.8 (B) 1.3 (C) 0.80 (D) 0.60
10. A student coming out cell fractionation of a tissue and forgot to label his tubes. The contents of one tube when
studied showed organelles bounded by membrane with activity of catalase enzyme. These organelles could be:-
(A) SER (B) Chloroplast (C) Lysosome (D) Peroxisome
11. How many of the following is observed in the interphase nuclus?
Chromatid, Nucleosome, Centriole, Nucleolus, Centromere, Kinetochore
(A) Three (B) One (C) Four (D) Two
12. The longest portion of a bacterial flagellum is
(A) Hook (B) Basal Body (C) Filament (D) Pili
13. Read the following statements:
(i) Bacillus is gram + ve bacteria whereas E. coli is gram- ve bacteria
(ii) Washing away of gram’s stain in Gram–ve bacteria is due to high lipid content of the cell wall, which gets dissolved
in organic solvents like acetone
(iii) Genetic material of bacteria is non- enveloped usually with histone proteins
(iv) With the help of fimbrae, bacteria attach to rocks in streams and also to host surfaces
(v) The pili of bacteria are elongated solid structures made of pline protein
How many of the statements are correct ?
(A) Three (B) Four (C) Five (D) Two
14. The bacterial cell envelope consisting of a tightly bound three layered structure from out side to inside is
(A) Cell wall  Glycocalx  Plasma membrane (B) Plasma membrane  Glycocalyx  Cell wall
(C) Glycocalyx  Cell wall  Plasma membrane (D) Glycocalyx  Plasma membrane  Cell wall
15. In prokaryotes, the ribosomes :
(A) Are associated with the plasma membrane of the cell (B) Are 15 nm by 20 nm is size
(C) Contain two subunits –50S and 30S (D) All are correct
16. Which of the following is not bound by the membrane in prokaryotes?
(A) Cyanophycean granules (B) Glycogen granules
(C) Gas vacuoles found in blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria
(D) All of the above
17. Polyribosomes or polysomes represent:
(A) Microbodies like glyoxysomes (B) ribosomes and snRNA
(C) Aggregation of rRNA (D) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA forming a chain
18. Correctly arrange the sequence of Gram staining in bacteria
1. Treated with alcohol 2. Excess stain washed with water
3. Stain with crystal violet dye 4. 0.5% iodine added
5. Observe under microscopic field for violet/ colourless bacteria
(A) 2 3 41 5 (B) 3 1 25 4 (C) 1 2 34 5 (D) 3 2 41 5
19. Which of the following is true for proteins which remain partially or totally buried in the plasma membrane?
(A) An example of this type of protein is spectrin of RBC (B) These cannot be easily extracted
(C) These can be easily extracted
(D) These represent only 30% of the total membrane protein
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20. Select the correct statement w.r.t plasma membrane:
(A) Lipids are arranged with polar head towards inner side and non-polar tail towards outer side
(B) The lipid component of the membrane mainly consist of phosphoglycerides
(C) RBC of human beings approximately has 40% protein and 52% lipid
(D) The ratio of protein and lipid in the plasma membrane is almost same in different cell types
21. The quasifluid nature of .................. enables .................. movement of proteins within the overall bilayer of a plasma
membrane:
(A) Protein , lateral (B) Lipid, lateral (C) Lipid, flip-flop (D) Requirement of carrier protein
22. Which of the following is common to facilitated diffusion and active transport?
(A) Energy requirement exists (B) Occurs along the concentration gradient
(C) Occurs against the concentration gradient (D) Requirement of carrier protein
23. Choose the correct statements:
(A) Charged ions can pass through lipid bilayer through special carriers of pumps
(B) Water, urea and glycerol can pass through lipid bilayer without any carrier protein
(C) Both A and B
(D) Active transport is a type of downhill transport
24. The cell recognition and adhesion are facilitated by components of plasma membrane which are
(A) Glycolipids and glycoproteins (B) Lipid and protein
(C) Steroids (D) Both B and C
25. Which one is not incorrect for plasma membrane?
(A) It is selectively permeable to some molecules present on either side of it
(B) It allows neutral solutes to pass through only by carrier proteins
(C) Na+ /K+ pump performs secondary active transport
(D) All of these
26. Cell wall :
(A) May be a living structure in some plants
(B) Provides a free passage for undersirable macromolecules
(C) Of algal cell is made of cellulose, galactans mannans and calcium carbonate
(D) Has middle lamella, mainly made of magnesium pectate
27. Which of the following is true for cell wall of higher plants?
(A) It may possess protein
(B) Primary wall is formed inner to the secondary wall
(C) Galactans, mannans and CaCO3 are present in abundance
(D) It is rarely traversed by plasmodesmata
28. Which of the following is true for ER?
(A) It is involved in synthesis of lipid (B) It is not included in endomembrane system
(C) It is found in some prokaryotes (D) It is a double membrane bound structure
29. Select the odd one out w.r.t endo - membrane system
(A) Vacuole (B) Golgi and ER (C) Mitochondria and Chloroplast (D) Lysosome
30. Read the following statements
(i) ER divides the intracellular space into two distinct compartments , i.e., luminal (inside ER) and extraluminal
(cytoplasm) compartments
(ii) RER is extensive and continuous with the outer membrane of the nucleus
(iii) Fixed number of cisternae are present in Golgi complex
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(iv) The cis and trans faces of golgi are entirely different but interconnected in animal cells
(v) The golgi complex rarely remains in association with ER
 How  many  of  the  above  statements  are  incorrect?
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five
31. Which one is correct for G0 stage ?
I. It is a quiescent stage.
II. In this phase cell cycle is stopped
III. G0 cells do not grow or proliferate but metabolically active
IV. G0 cells can divide in response to some stimulus
(A) All are correct (B) I,II,III are correct (C) I,II are correct (D) Only I and IV are correct
32. Which of the following is not correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its function ?
(A) First gap phase – Period of cytoplasmic growth
(B) Second gap phase – Most of the organelle duplication
(C) Interphase – Phase of preparation for cell division
(D) DNA synthesis phase – Doubling of number of chromosome in cell
33. In a diploid cell after S phase quantity of DNA is 20 pg (pico gram), after anaphase–II situation will be, in each daughter
nucleus :-
(A) Diploid, 10 pg DNA (B) Haploid, 10 pg DNA (C) Haploid, 5 pg DNA (D) Diploid, 5 pg DNA
34. Mark incorrect statements :-
(A) Meiosis involves only a single cycle of DNA replication
(B) Four haploid cells are formed at the end of meiosis–I
(C) Mitosis usually restricted to diploid cells only
(D) In yeast, cell cycle takes about 90 minutes.
(A) A and B (B) A and C (C) Only B (D) All are correct
35. Interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication is called :-
(A) G2 – Phase (B) G1 – phase (C) Karyokinesis (D) s–phase
36. Recombinase enzyme is involved in which phase of meiosis :-
(A) Pachytene (B) Diplotene (C) Diakinesis (D) Zygotene
37. Diploid cell in human, where cell division does not occur
(a) Heart cell (b) Muscle cell (c) Nerve cell
(A) Only c (B) b and c (C) a and c (D) a, b and c
38. In yeast, duration of cell cycle is about :-
(A) 80 minutes (B) 99 minutes (C) 1.30 hrs. (D) 60 minutes
39. In which phase of the cell cycle centriole move towards opposite poles of the cell.
(A) Anaphase (B) Metaphase (C) Telophase (D) Prophase
40. The M-phase starts with the :-
(A) G1 (B) Karyokinesis (C) Cytokinesis (D) Telophase
41. The events shown below occur during different phases
A. Centromere splits, chromatids separate and move to opposite poles, chromatids are now called chromosome
B. Chromosomes cluster at opposite poles, decondensation of chromosome, reappearance of NM, GB and ER.
C. Chromosomal replication
D. Kinetochores attach to spindle fibres and chromosome are arranged at equatorial plate
E. Condensation of chromosomal materials
Which of the following correctly identifies each of the phases described-

Interphase P rophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

(A) C E D A B
(B) C D E A B
(C) C E D B A
(D) C A D E B

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 CELL THE UNIT OF THE LIFE 6

B
42.
2N +
A
C
Mother cell
Identify A to C

A B C
(A) Meiosis N N
(B) Meiosis 2N 2N
(C) Mitosis N N
(D) Mitosis 2N 2N

43. Synaptonemal complex is a nucleoprotein structure. It is visible or found from-

(A) zygotene through pachytene (B) laptotene through diplotene
(C) zygotene through metaphase (D) pachytene through diplotene
44. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(A) Leptotene - formation of bivalents (B) Diplotene - chiasmata formation
(C) Pachytene - chiasmata terminalisation (D) Zygotene - formation of bouquet
45. Arrange the following events of meiosis in the correct sequence -
A. Terminalisation of chiasmata B. Crossing over
C. Synapsis D. Disjunction of chromosomes
E. Dissolution of synaptonemal complex
The correct sequence is-
(A) A  B  C  D  E (B) E  D  C  B  A
(C) C  B  D  E  A (D) C  B  E  A  D
46. Significance of meiosis lies in-
(A) production of genetic variability (B) maintaining the number of chromosomes through generations
(C) forming the basis of evolution (D) All of the above
47. Identify the following diagram-

(A) Transition to Metaphase (mitosis) (B) Transition to Anaphase-II (meiosis)

(C) Transition to Metaphase-I (meiosis) (D) Transition to Anaphase (mitosis)
48. The drawing below shows a cell whose diplod chromosome number is four. This cell is in:-

(A) Metaphase (B) Anaphase of mitosis

(C) First anaphase of meiosis (D) Second anaphase of meiosis
49. Label the structure indicated by (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)-

(ii)
(i)

(iv)

(iii)

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(A) (i)-Chromatid, (ii)-Centriole, (iii)-Centromere, (iv)-Chromosome
(B) (i)-Chromosome, (ii)-Centriole, (iii)-Centromere, (iv)-Chromatid
(C) (i)-Chromatid, (ii)-Centromere, (iii)-Centriole, (iv)-Chromosome
(D) (i)-Chromosome, (ii)-Centromere, (iii) Centriole, (iv)-Chromatid
50. Which of the following is correct for G1-phase ?
(A) Corresponds to the interval between mitosis and initiation of DNA replication of DNA replication
(B) Histone protein is synthesised
(C) Centriolar duplication occurs
(D) All of these
51. G0 or quiescent stage is :
(A) Permanent exit of cell from cell cycle (B) Temporary exit of cell from cell cycle
(C) A metabolically inactive stage (D) Either temporary or permanent exit of cell from cell cycle
52. During which phase (s) of the cell cycle the amount of DNA remains at 2C only in a cell?
(A) G0 and G1 (B) G2 and M (C) G2 only (D) G1 and S
53. Which of the following is true for S-phase of cell cycle?
(A) If the initial amount of DNA is 2C then it increases to 4C
(B) Centriole duplicates in animal cells and cells of higher plants
(C) Both A and B
(D) Histone protein synthesis is absent
54. Select the correct statement
(A) During early M-phase cells may have more than 2C content of DNA
(B) During early S-phase cell have 4C content of DNA
(C) Replication continues in G2-phase
(D) In plant cells G0-phase is absent
55. Which one of the following is correct?
(A) A syncytium is a multinucleate cell that results from the multiple cell fusions of unicellular cells
(B) A coenocyte is a multinucleate cell that results from multiple nuclear divisions without accompanying cytokinesis
(C) Both A and B
(D) Cell growth stops in G2-phase
56. Which of the following is not incorrect?
(A) Plants can show mitotic divisions in both haploid and diploid cells
(B) The major reorganisation of virtually all components of the cell occur during M-phase
(C) Both A and B
(D) The most dramatic phase of cell cycle is interphase
57. Which stage is best to count the number and study chromosome morphology?
(A) Metaphase (B) Prophase (C) Anaphase (D) Telophase
58. Which one is wrong about colchicine treatment to a cell?
(A) It causes metaphasis arrest
(B) It is obtained from a plant of the family Liliaceae
(C) It prevents assembly of microtubules
(D) It usually inhibits DNA replication
59. Breakage of centromere can be observed in:
(A) Anaphase (B) G1,S and G2-Phases (C) Metaphase (D) Late prophase
60. Mitosis is seen in
(A) Haploid cells (B) Diploid
(C) Both of the above (D) None of these

ANSWER KEY
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. A
14. C 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C
27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. D
40. B 41. A 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. A
53. A 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. C 56. C 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. C

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EXERCISE - 2
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
(NEET/AIPMT)
1. A cell organelle containing hydrolytic enzyme is [NEET -2016, Phase-II]
(A) lysosome (B) mivrosome (C) ribosome (D) mesosome
2. Microtubules are the constituents of [NEET-2016, Phasse - I]
(A) spindle fibres, centrioles and cilia (B) centrioles, spindle fibres and chromatin
(C) centrosome, nucleosome and centrioles (D) cilia, flagella and peroxisomes
3. Mitochondria and chloroplast are
I. semi-autonomous organelles.
II. formed by division of pre-existing organelles and they contain DNA but lack protein synthesising machinery.
Which one of the following options is correct ? [NEET-2016, Phase-I]
(A) II is true, but I is false (B) I is true but II is false (C) Both I and II are false (D) Both I and II are true
4. Which one of the following cell organelles is enclosed by a single membrane ? [NEET--2016, Phase-I]
(A) Chloroplasts (B) Lysosomes (C) Nuclei (D) Mitochondria
5. Water soluble pigments found in plant cell vacuoles are [NEET-2016, Phase-I]
(A) chlorophylls (B) carotenoids (C) anthocyanins (D) xanthophylls
6. Which of the following cell organelles is responsible for extracting energy from carbohydrates to form ATP
[NEET-2017]
(A) Lysosome (B) Ribosome (C) Chloroplast (D) Mitochondrion
7. Ehich of the following components provides sticky character to the bacterial cell? [NEET-2017]
(A) Cell wall (B) Nuclear membrane (C) Plasma membrane (D) Glycocalyx
8. During cell growth, DNA synthesis takes place in [NEET 2016, Phase II]
(A) M phase (B) S Phase (C) G1 phase (D) G2 phase
9. Match the stages of meiosis in Column-I to their characteristic features in Column-II and select the correct
option using the codes given below : [NEET 2016, Phase II]

Column-I Column-II
A. Pachytene 1. Pairing of homologous chromosomes
B. Metaphase I 2. Terminalization of chiasmata -
C. Diakinesis 3. Grossing-over takes place
D. Zygotene 4. Chromosomes align at equatorial plate
Codes:
A B C D
(A) 3 4 2 1
(B) 1 4 3 1
(C) 2 4 3 1
(D) 4 3 2 1
10. When cell has stalled DNA replication fork, which checkpoint should be predominantly activated?
(A) G1/S (B) G2/M [NEET 2016, Phase II]
(C) M (D) Both G2/M and M
11. Spindle fibres attach on to:
(A) Kinetochore of the chromosome (B) Centromere of the chromosome
(C) Kinetosome of the chromosome (D) Telomere of the chromosome

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12. Which of the following is not a characteristic feature during mitosis in somatic cells? [NEET 2016, Phase I]
(A) Disappearance of nucleolus (B) Chromosome movement
(C) Synapsis (D) Spindle fibres
13. In meiosis crossing over is initiated at [NEET 2016, Phase I]
(A) Leptotene (B) Zygotene (C) Diplotene (D) Pachytene
14. Which of the following options gives the correct sequence of events during mitosis? [NEET 2017]
(A) codensation  nuclear membrane disassembly  crossing over  segregation ? telophase
(B) condensation  nuclear membrane disassembly  arrangement at equator  centromere division 
segregation  telophase
(C) condensation  crossing over  nuclear membrane disassembly  segregation  telophase
(D) condensation  arrangement at equator  centromere division  segregation  telophase
15. Anaphase promoting complex (APC) is a protein degradation machinery necessary for proper mitosis of animal
cells. If APC is defective in a human cell, which of the following is expected to occur? [NEET 2017]
(A) Chromosomes will not condense
(B) Chromosomes will be fragmented
(C) Chromosomes will not segregate
(D) Recombination of chromosome arms will occur

ANSWER KEY

1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A
10. A 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C

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