JWPN Psiko 2015

SPPP 1012 CONFIDENTIAL
UTM
SPPP 1012
Educational
Psychology
UNIVERSITi TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF EDUCATION
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I SESSION 2015/2016
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
One Hour and Thirty Minutes
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

Instructions:
1. This question paper consists of 60 multiple choice questions.
2. Answer all questions on OMR form by blackening the provided space using 2B
pencil.
3. You are allowed to refer to both question booklets in either Bahasa Malaysia or
English.
4. You are not allowed to leave the examination hall during the last 15 minutes o f the
examination time.
5. Write the name of your lecturer’s name correctly on the upper right side corner on the
OMR form.
6. Hand in this question paper at the end o f the examination together with the OMR
form.
WARNING: Disciplinary action will be taken against students who are found cheating
during the examination.
This paper contains 16 printed pages including front page
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2
[40 marks]
Instruction: Answer all questions
1 Which o f the following statement is best to describe one of the roles o f educational
psychologists?
A To study the relations o f environment and genetic disposition on individual

traits.
B To provide the best way to teach students with diverse physical and cognitive
abilities.
C To investigate how individuals change physically, cognitively and socially
over the entire life span.
D To study various aspects o f educational processes from techniques of
instruction to learning disabilities.
Ms. Anna, a new teacher is struggling to focus her attention on preparing lesson plans,
managing classroom, motivating students, evaluating students’ performance, dealing
with parents and getting along with senior teachers. This example relates best to
which o f the following elements o f teaching complexity?
never routine
A Teaching is routine.
B Teaching has multiple goals.
C Teaching involves students with diverse abilities.
D Teaching requires integration of several knowledge types.
Which of the following processes are accurate to describe action research conducted
by a teacher, Ms, Doria?
I Ms. Doria aims to improve her teaching by exploring an essay writing strategy
in her class.
II Ms. Doria decides to amend an essay writing strategy that she uses based on
her own intuition.
III Ms. Doria carefully observes her students while implementing an essay
writing strategy for two weeks.
IV Ms. Doria writes daily reflection after class to evaluate the classroom activities
which relating to the strategy for two weeks.
V Ms. Doria gathers data from various data collection methods and analyse it
accordingly to assess the effectiveness o f the essay writing strategy.
A I, II, III and IV.

B I, II, IV and V.
C I, III, IV and V.
D All o f the above.
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4 Knowledge about learners means that as a teacher, Mr. Muthu needs to be able to
A plan and implement an effective way to teach students multiplication and

division.
B implement the application o f classical conditioning to make his students like
mathematics.
C recognise why a particular student tends to blurt out answers without waiting
for her turn in class.
D keep up current research on the effectiveness of the use o f scaffolding for
primary school students.
5 Which o f the following is one of the characteristics of human development?
A Individuals develop at similar rate from one another.

B Human development is unpredictable and unstructured.
C Most developmental changes occur over relatively short periods o f time.
D Human development occurs in stages with gradual and predictable growth
spurt.
6 Brain specialisation refers to the
A different functions o f the brain based on different lobes.

B efficiency o f one side of brain to perform specific functions.
C different areas of the brain works independently for language proficiency.
D different hemispheres o f the brain which control the body movement in
opposite m anner.'
7 An assumption to teach students based on brain lateralization is inaccurate because
A brain needs to be equally active at all times.

B students use both hemispheres o f the brain to process information during
learning process.
C educational approaches are more structured if teachers focus on certain
teaching strategies only.
D even though students might have different cognitive abilities, yet they are all
having the same brain functions.
8 Alex has previously learned about single digit multiplication in school. In his tuition
class, he was given a double digit multiplication problem and he uses single digit
multiplication approach to solve it. In this case, Alex is most likely engaging in
A equilibrium.
B assimilation.
C egocentrism.
D accommodation.
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9 Mrs. Tan is explaining to her secondary two science class on proper procedure o f a
laboratory experiment. Knowing that this would be a challenging task, she gives a
hand-out with detailed explanation about the laboratory experiment procedure prior to
demonstrate an experiment which every group would have to participate later on.
While the students are conducting experiment, she closely monitors each group and
assists the students when needed. According to Vygotsky, Mrs. Tan is
A fostering equilibrium.
B providing scaffolding.
C fostering internalization.
D engaging in guided participation.
10 According to Bronfrenbenner, the social settings that affect students even though
students are not direct members o f the system is known as
A exosystem.
B mesosystem.
C microsystem.
D chronosystem.
creates a thriving classroom environment, helps students develop self worth and improves student mental health
(Buffet, 2019). these positive relationship decrease behavioral problems and promote academic success.
11 Researchers who study the' importance o f attachment would argue that teachers should
establish positive relationship with their students because strong bond with teachers
will
A establish the teachers’ status as authority figures.

B improve the students’ confidence and peer relationship.
C reduce behavioural problem's in the classroom and school.
D help the students to be more resilient against peer pressure.
12 Which o f the following statement is inaccurate to describe the differences between

parenting styles?
A Permissive parents are unresponsive to their children and set few rules which
inconsistent to their children.
B Authoritarian parents are controlling, punitive, rigid and usually demand
unquestioning obedience from their children.
C Uninvolved parents are undemanding and unresponsive to their children
because they are often indifferent towards their children.
D Authoritative parents are firm, setting clear and consistent limits but try to
reason with their children for why they have to behave in a particular manner.
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13 Which o f the following statement is accurate to describe Kolhberg’s conventional

moral reasoning level?
A If I cheat, my parents will be disappointed in me.

B It is okay to cheat because others are doing it as well. (Pre conventional)
C I should not cheat because I will be punished if I am caught (Pre conventional)
cheating.
D It is not okay to cheat on a test even if no one sees me cheating and I will not
be caught cheating. (Post conventional)
14 In which o f M arcia’s identity status is most important for teachers to assist unsure
students to explore more alternatives before deciding on certain choices about their
future?
A Moratorium.
B Identity confusion.
C Identity foreclosure.
D Identity achievement.
15 Which o f the following statements are true to describe the principles o f behavioural
view of learning?
I Trial and error play an important role in learning.

II All behaviours are shaped by environmental conditions.
III Learning is due to the association o f stimulus and response.
IV Learning involves conditioned behaviour and cognitive processes.
V Human beings are only equipped with basic reflexes and emotions at birth.
A I, II and III. "

B I, III and V.
C I, V and IV.
D II, III and V.
16 Which o f the following statement is the correct example o f classical conditioning?
A Latifah was instructed to sit on a corner of the class for continuously talking
and being rude to her class teacher.
B Ramli was scolded for disturbing his friends in math class but it has not
stopped him from disturbing his friends in another classes.
C Lokman’s teacher praised him for writing a good essay and this prompt
Lokman to work even harder on his project paper.
D Sarah failed her English communication test and it upset her so much that she
feels nervous every time she needs to communicate in English.
Sebab ada stimulus dan response
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17 Ahmad used to like science until he was scolded by a teacher during science lesson.
Now, he dislikes science and anything relating to science. His dislike o f science is an
example of a(n)
A conditioned stimulus.
B conditioned response.
C unconditioned stimulus.
D unconditioned response.
18 A student is anxious when Mrs. Noresah is teaching a math lesson. However, the
student does not feeling anxious during a math lesson if Mrs. Ooi is teaching. Which
of the following best describes the conditioning process?
A Extinction. dissappear
B Acquisition.
C Generalisation.
D Discrimination.
19 Mr. Tan tells his students that they are allowed to have an early recess if they are able
to solve ten questions correctly. In this example, Mr. Tan is using
A fixed ratio schedule.

B variable ratio schedule.
C fixed interval schedule.
D variable interval schedule.
20 Which of the following statements are examples of negative reinforcement?

positive punishment
I A principal canes a student who was caught stealing on the weekly assembly.
II Australian officials blasted Barry Manilow’s songs between 9pm until 12
midnight every weekend to deter youths from congregating in a residential are
late at night. negative reinforcement
III Mr. Logan gives his students’ a token when they arrive at school for camping
trip on time. positive reinforcement
IV Alisha’s morning alarm goes off at 5:00am. She hates this noise and reaches
over and hits the STOP button which stops the alarm noise. negative reinforcement
V Johan is 15 years old and he hates wearing the new trousers his mother bought
him. His mother does not allow him to wear trousers that are tore or worn out.
So he deliberately tears the knees on the new trousers.
A I, II and III.
B I, III and IV.
C II, III and V.
D II, V and IV.
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21 Why do teachers are discouraged from using extra homework as a sign of

punishment?
A It is ineffective to stop misbehaviour.

B It is not a harsh enough form of punishment.
C It is considered as a form of psychological punishment.
D It may classically condition students to dislike class activities.
22 Mrs. Zara can remember the different characteristics o f Pavlov’s conditioning and
Skinner’s conditioning which she has learned during her first year even after
graduating. In this case, Mrs. Zara has stored information about the differences
between Pavlov’s conditioning and Skinner’s conditioning in her
A sensory memory.
B long term memory.
C declarative memory.
D short-term or working memory.
23 Which memory store takes in all incoming stimuli from the environment and retains it
for less than a second?
A Sensory memory.
B Long term memory.
C Declarative memory.
D Short-term or working memory.
24 Zahir stores his favourite toy inside a cupboard. He does not change the location o f
his favourite toy. One day, his mother asked him about his favourite toy. He told her
mother where he stores it. The information that he stored about the location of the toy
is known as
A episodic knowledge. memori of places, events, person’s life

B semantic knowledge. general knowledge about world (facts)
C procedural knowledge. prosedur
D conditional knowledge.
25 Ali tries to remember multiplication table by repeating it several times until he

remembers it without understanding multiplication process. In this case, Ali is
learning the multiplication table using
A organization.
B rote learning. memorization technique based on repetition.
C metacognition. awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them.
D meaningful learning.
learned information is completely understood and be used to make connections
with other previously known knowledge aiding in further understanding.
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26 Why do we forget about information that we have stored in our long term memory?
attention perlu ada diantara sensory & working
I We failed to pay attention when we arestoring information in our memory.
II We could not identify the relevant cue to find the information in our memory.
III The information that we have stored faded away from our memory because we
have not used the information for a long time.
IV Our memory is overloaded with too many information stored and therefore,
we have to delete some information from our memory.
V When we want to retrieve old information from our memory, we find
ourselves remembering new information too that we store in our memory.
A I, II and III.
B I, III and IV.
C II, III and V.
D II, IV and V.
27 Which teacher is using the least effective strategy to assist his/her students to retain
information into their long-term memory?
A Mr. Chan provides a hand-out before hebegins his lesson.

B Mrs. Anita instructs her students to draw a picture o f a cell and its parts after
Biology lesson. ’
C Mr. Moralis brings his students to the nearby botanic garden to show the
different features o f flowers.
D Ms. Lee demonstrates how to perform multiple digits multiplication and poses
several multiplication problems to her students to solve in groups.
'28 Why attention is important to the memory process?
A It determines what the five main senses can detect.

B It allows information to remain in the long-term memory.
C It increases the capacity o f short-term or working memory.
D It determines what information enters short-term or working memory.
29 Ramesh perceives that worms are not animal. In this case, his misconception about
worms as not animal is an example o f
A naive theories. allows people to consider what other people want, intend, and think, even though they cannot see, hear, or touch these mental states.
B overgeneralization. Include irrelevant objects or events • E.g.: Drinking: we assume that all animals drink the same way
C incorrect analogies. assuming that because two things are alike in one or more respects, they are necessarily alike in some other respect.
D undergeneralization. process failing to adequately categorize items
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30 Which of the following questions requires students to use their complex or high-level
cognitive process?
I “Can you give the synonym and antonym of ‘conduct’?”

II “Can you differentiate the classification o f clouds we learned yesterday?”
III “Can you tell me what adaptations a plant might have if it grows in the dry hot
desert?”
IV “Can you propose possible solutions to overcome haze in Malaysia and its
neighbouring countries?”
V “Can you repeat these vocabulary words in Arabic after listening to my
pronunciation?”
A I, II and III.
B I, II and IV.
C II, III and IV.
D III, IV and V.
31 According to the prototype theory o f concept formation, concepts are formed when
A individuals constructs examples from learning activities or experience that

they might have. (Exemplar Theory)
B individuals able to identify the rules that would be later used to relate to the
concept attributes. (Rules theory)
C individuals compare an example from various existing examples which have
been stored in memory. (Exemplar Theory) Dia ada experience/compare
D individuals form mental representations o f abstract ideas in concrete and
understandable manner. (Prototype theory)
32 Which of the following statement is the best example o f cognitive overload?
A Raju listens carefully to Mrs. Lim’s explanation while observing her

conducting an experiment.
B Marissa has a swimming lesson prior coming to school and she feels
physically tired during science class.
C Adam feels overwhelmed and difficult to stay focus when his teacher draws a
cell while giving explanation at the same time.
D Rina writes down mathematical equation that Mrs. Zaharah has written on the
board while simultaneously listens to Mrs. Zaharah’s explanation.
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Something that was learned in the past hinders new learning
Positive transfer - general transfer & speci c transfer
33 When does negative transfer occur?
A When we incorrectly apply something that we learn in the past.

B When something that we learned in the past hinders new learning.
C When we correctly use a mathematical equation to solve physic problem.
D When something that we learned in the past facilitate new learning or solving
new problem.
34 Which o f the following statements is inaccurate to describe expert problem solving?
A Experts have better metacognitive skills.

B Experts have more problem solving strategies.
C Experts can quickly identify problems and plan solutions.
D Experts automatically and efficiently implement their strategies.
learned by observing and imitating the behavior of others
35 Which o f the following statement is inaccurate to describe the emphasis o f social

learning theory?
A Students learn from observing the behaviour o f others.

B Students learn only through direct interaction with the environment.
C Students learn from observing the outcomes o f the behaviour of others.
D Students learn even though there is no direct interaction with the environment.
36 Nadia was scolded by her mother because.she did not clean up a water spill on top of
a table. After that, :every time she spills water on a surface, she will clean it up. Her
behaviour is as a result of
A enactive learning. experiencing the consequences of their own actions

B vicarious learning. observing the consequences
C associative learning.
D observational learning.
37 What makes a modelling successful?
I Models appear to have power or prestige in a modelled domain.

II Models show behaviours effortlessly and with great self-efficacy.
III Learners pay attention to models that appear to be different from them.
IV Learners engage in attention, retention, production and motivation processes.
V Learners are able to replicate and reproduce behaviour as shown by models.
A I, II, III and IV.

B I, II, III and V.
C I, II, IV and V.
D II, III, IV and V.
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Which of the following statement is inaccurate about self-regulated learners and their
performance level?
A Self-regulated learners are more able to cope with academic difficulty.

B Students with hyperactivity are less likely to be self-regulated learners.
C Students with high achievements are more likely to be self-regulated learners.
D Self-regulated learners are more able to monitor and evaluate the progress o f
their performance.
Which of the following statements are true to describe self-regulation process?
I Having good planning skills is sufficient to ensure that an individual will put
those skills to work.
II Learners focus on tasks, applies the set o f strategies laid out in the planning
phase.
III Learners use self-instruction to remind themselves about appropriate actions
or strategies.
IV Learners evaluate current performance level in comparison to other learners’
performance.
V Learners need to establish long-term and short-term goals and devise a
strategic plan to accomplish such goals.
A I, II and III.
B I, V and IV.
C II, III and IV.
D II, III and V.
According to social constructivist views o f learning, what would be the teacher’s role
in the classroom?
A Provide opportunities for exploration and discovery.

B Facilitate social interactions through discussion, questioning and debates.
C Offer variety of instructional activities and homework based on students’
interest.
D Ask intriguing questions and require students to perform research to test
hypothesis.
41 Mrs. Khoo provides each student with a box which contains several items (a feather,
aluminium foil, a hair brush, a balloon and a plastic wrap). Her only instruction to her
students is, “You are given several items in a box. In ten minutes, explore each item
in terms o f its static electricity”. This would be best fit which of the following?
A Pure discovery. students are provided with relevant materials which they are asked to discover the rules
B Guided discovery. teachers provide hints and directions about how to solve a problem
C Inquiry-based learning.
D Problem-solving approach.
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42 Ms. Nabihah asks her students to write a short one-paragraph of reflection at the end
of each group project meeting to evaluate how well the group is working together and
their progress. Ms. Nabihah is prompting her students to engage in
A leadership skills.
B group processing.
C positive interdependence.
D individual accountability.
dia ada kena mengena dengan group
43 All of the following teachers implement essential elements of cooperative learning
except
A Mr. Lee provides hints and directions how to solve a problem or answer a
question.
B Ms. Yasmin has her students to discuss about rules and regulations that each
group members has to agree and follow.
C Mrs. Latifah gives a peer evaluation form to each student so that they can
evaluate the performance o f their team members.
D Mr. Lokman shows his groups o f students a list o f member’s roles and
responsibilities to ensure that everyone has an important part in a group.
44 Which o f the following statements are examples o f informal learning experiences?
I Reading aloud for five minutes.

II Borrowing books from the library.
III Visiting zoos and botanic gardens.
IV Field trips to art, science and history museums.
V Taking turn o f playing roles as tutor and tutee of others.
A I, II and III.
B I, III and V.
C II, III and IV.
D II, IV and V.
45 Based on its definition, students who are strictly intrinsically motivated would study
because
A they want to get a Dean’s list award. Extrinsic motivated
B they want to make their parents proud.

C they regard studying as an interesting process.
D they aim to receive praises from their teachers.
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46 According to behaviourist theories o f motivation, why would a teacher need to know

their students’ interests and values?
A To determine which incentives would work best.

B To help students identify their social goals and strategies. Cognitive theories - goal teory
C To help students achieve their mastery and performance goals. Cognitive theories - goal teory
D To determine if students’ basic needs are met in order to attempt to meet the
growth needs. Humanistic theory - Maslow
individuals are motivated to perform if they know that
their extra performance is recognized and rewarded
47 According to expectancy theory, individuals engage in complex, effortful or even

undesirable tasks such as working long hours on their jobs because
A they need to earn money in order to live comfortably.

B they aim to be the best workers that they could ever be.
C they want to fit be into a network o f social relationships.
D they believe that doing so will yield outcomes they wish to attain.
48 Which o f the following is inaccurate innate need that students have according to self-
determination theory?
A The need for praises.

B The need for control. self-
determination theory
CThe need for relatedness.
D The need for competence.
believe that it is a changeable, increasable and
fi
controllable quantity.
49 Students with incremental view of ability perceive that entity theory - believe their ability represents a
xed, unchangeable trait.
A ability is stable and controllable.

B ability is unstable and controllable.
C ability is unstable and uncontrollable.
D ability is unchangeable and uncontrollable.
50 Students with internal locus of control, stability and uncontrollability dimensions will
justify failures due to
A bad luck.
B bias lecturer.
C low aptitude. the natural ability to learn or perform in a speci c area.
D strict school requirement.
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focus on learning goals because they value
achievement and see ability as improvable
51 Which o f the following statement is true to describe mastery-oriented students?
A They tend to equate bad performance with low ability.

B They tend to focus on performance goals and avoid failures.
C They tend to perceive ability as stable and take minimal risks.
D They tend to value achievement and see ability as progressing.
52 Which o f the following statements about group differences is true?
A Teachers use group differences to understand specific student behaviors.

B All students from a particular group display similar and typical patterns in
behavior.
C Group differences explain the ways that one group of people are similar to
another group.
D Group differences include differences in culture, ethnicity, gender, and
socioeconomic status.
53 Which o f the following statement is not one o f the basic principles o f culturally
relevant pedagogy?
A Students must sustain their cultural competence.

B Students must all be treated equally, regardless o f group differences.
C Students with different cultural backgrounds must be academically successful.
D Students must develop social consciousness in order to think critically about
social inequities.
54 ' Sharifah plans on being a civil engineer. She can create perfect mental images of
bridges and roads and even manipulate these images in her head to create new
designs. According to Gardner, Sharifah’s ability would best fit which area of
multiple intelligence?
A Spatial.
B Linguistic.
C Bodily-kinesthetic.
D Logical-mathematical.
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55 The general education teacher can support students with exceptionalities in the
classroom by all o f the following except
A making leadership roles available to students with exceptionalities.

B changing students' individualized education plans to accommodate the
teacher's style o f teaching.
C creating learning conditions which build confidence and a sense o f belonging
in students with exceptionalities.
D instilling a sense of understanding of exceptionalities among all students in the
classroom.
56 Why is it important to arrange classroom in conducive manner?
I To enable students to conduct presentations.

II To minimise distraction during classroom activities.
III To help teachers to monitor students while administering tests.
IV To create opportunity for students to engagein whole-class discussion.
V To enhance interactions among students and also between teacher and
students.
A I, II, III and V.

B I, III, IV and V.
C II, III, IV and V.
D All o f the above.
57 Which o f the following is example o f classroom management strategies to address

behaviour problems according to cognitivist perspective?
A Mr. Teo gives a token to students who submitted their homework on time.
B Ms. Amalina and her students agree on due dates for assignments and reward
o f early completion o f the assignments.
C Mr. Abu helps remedial students to review their goals that they want to
achieve in terms o f their academic performance.
D Mrs. Rahmah sends her students to send an “I” message to let her students
know how she feels when they misbehave and what she wishes that her
students do to change their behaviour.
58 Mrs. Ramu sets class rules for her students to follow when entering class, going to
recess or toilet, or sharpening pencils. Such rules are important
help seeking, group work routines, socializing
A to enhance student-teacher interactions.
putting supplies away, storing personal items,
B to manage housekeeping o f her classroom.
cleaning up desks
C to monitor students’ movement in classroom.
D to manage her administrative tasks in her classroom. taking role, responding to lateness
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59 Why is it better to have few general rules covering various specific behaviours for
classroom rules?
A It helps teachers to show assertiveness.

B It allows students to evaluate their rights when needed.
C It gives students opportunity to be open-minded to acceptthe rules.
D It helps teacher and students to establish problem ownership quicker.
60 What can a teacher do to create meaningful learning environment?
I Maintain safety and order.

II Manage a classroom well.
III Have long list o f dos and don’ts.
IV Arrange classroom conditions before the occurrence o f disruption.
V Use fixed class activities to maximise students’ learning opportunities.
A I, II, and III.

B I, II and IV.
C I, III and IV.
D II, III and V.
END OF QUESTION

SPPP 1012 SULIT
UTM
SPPP 1012
Psikologi
Pendidikan

FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN
PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR
SE M E ST E R I SESI 2015/2016
PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN
Satu Jam Tiga Puluh Minit
DILARANG MEMBUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Arahan:
1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 60 soalan aneka pilihan.
2. Jawab semua soalan pada borang OMR dengan menggunakan pensil .2B.
3. Anda dibenarkan merujuk kepada kertas soalan bahasa Inggeris dan juga bahasa
Melayu.
4._____Anda tidak dibenarkmrKeluar dari dewan peperiksaan 15 minit sebelum peperiksaan
__-tmiiat.
5. Tulis nama pensyarah dengan betul anda pada sudut atas kanan borang OMR.
6. Serahkan kertas soalan bersama borang OMR kepada pengawas peperiksan apabila
tamat peperiksaan.
AMARAN: Pelajar-pelajar yang didapati meniru semasa peperiksaan akan dikenakan

tindakan tatatertib.
r"
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 17 muka surat bercetak 4^ h^ o)V^L
[Lihat sebelah
SPPP 1012
SULIT
2
SPPP 1012 SULIT
[40 markah]
Arahan: Jawab sem ua soalan.
1 Antara berikut yang manakah adalah penyataan yang terbaik untuk menerangkan
tentang peranan ahli psikologi pendidikan?
A Untuk mengkaji hubungan alam sekitar dan kecenderungan genetik pada sifat-
sifat individu.
B Untuk menyediakan cara terbaik mengajar pelajar yang mempunyai kebolehan
fizikal dan kognitif yang pelbagai.
C Untuk menyiasat bagaimana individu menjalani perubahan secara fizikal,
kognitif dan social sepanjang jangka hayatnya.
D Untuk mengkaji pelbagai aspek dalam proses pendidikan daripada teknik
pengajaran kepada masalah-masalah dalam pembelajaran.
2 Cik Anna, seorang guru yang sedang berusaha untuk menumpukan perhatiannya
dalam menyediakan rancangan pengajaran, mengurus bilik darjah, memotivasi
pelajar, menilai prestasi pelajar, berurusan dengan ibu bapa dan mendekatkan diri
guru-guru yang senior. Contoh ini sangat berkait dengan pernyataan yang manakah
tentang elemen-elemen pengajaran yang kompleks?
A Pengajaran adalah rutin.

B Pengajaran mempunyai pelbagai matlamat.
C Pengajaran melibatkan pelajar yang mempunyai kebolehan pelbagai.
D Pengajaran memerlukan integrasi beberapa jenis pengetahuan..
3 Yang mana antara penyataan berikut adalah tepat untuk menerangkan proses-proses
yang terlibat dalam kajian tindakan yang dilakukan oleh seorang guru, Cik Doria?
I Cik Doria bercita-cita untuk memperbaiki pengajarannya dengan meneroka

strategi menulis esei dalam kelasnya.
II Cik Doria bercadang untuk mengubah strategi yang digunakan dalam menulis
esei berdasarkan kepada gerak hatinya.
III Cik Doria memerhatikan pelajamya dengan teliti ketika melaksanakan strategi
menulis esei selama dua minggu.
IV Cik Doria menulis refleksi setiap hari selepas kelas untuk menilai aktiviti-
aktiviti yang dijalankan di dalam bilik darjah yang berkaitan dengan strategi
selama dua minggu.
V Cik Doria mengumpul data dari kaedah pengumpulan data yang pelbagai dan
menganalisis data sewajamya untuk menilai keberkesanan strategi menulis
esei yang digunakan.
A I, II, III dan IV.

B I, II, IV dan V.
C I, III, IV dan V.
D Kesemua di atas.
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4 Pengetahuan tentang pelajar bermakna sebagai seorang guru, Encik Muthu perlu
berupaya
A merancang dan menggunakan cara yang efektif untuk mengajar pelajar tentang
pendaraban dan pembahagian.
B melaksanakan aplikasi pelaziman klasikal untuk membuatkan pelajarnya suka
kepada matematik.
C mengetahui mengapa pelajar khususnya cenderung untuk menjawab soalan
secara tiba-tiba tanpa menunggu giliran di dalam kelas.
D menjalankan kajian terkini tentang keberkesanan penggunaan scaffolding
untuk murid sekolah rendah.
5 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan satu daripada ciri-ciri perkembangan manusia?
A Individu berkembang pada kadar yang sama antara satu sama lain.
B Perkembangan manusia tidak boleh diramal dan tidak berstruktur.
C Kebanyakan perubahan perkembangan berlaku pada tempoh masa yang agak
singkat.
D Perkembangan manusia berlaku mengikut peringkat secara beransur-ansur dan
pertumbuhan rancak yang boleh dijangka.
6 Pengkhususan otak merujuk kepada
A fungsi otak yang berbeza berdasarkan kepada lobes yang berbeza

B kecekapan satu bahagian otak untuk menjalankan fungsinya yang spesifik.
C bahagian otak yang berbeza bekerja secara bebas untuk kecekapan bahasa.
D hemisfera otak yang berbeza yang mengawal pergerakan tubuh badan dalam
kelakuan bertentangan.
7 Anggapan untuk mengajar pelajar berdasarkan hemisfera otak adalah kurang tepat
kerana
A otak perlu aktif secara sama rata pada setiap masa.

B pelajar menggunakan kedua-dua hemisfera otak untuk memproses maklumat
semasa proses pembelajaran.
C pendekatan pendidikan adalah lebih berstruktur jika guru menumpukan
perhatian kepada strategi pengajaran tertentu sahaja.
D meskipun pelajar mungkin mempunyai kebolehan kognitif yang berbeza,
tetapi mereka mempunyai fungsi otak yang sama.
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8 Alex telah belajar tentang pendaraban satu digit di sekolah sebelum ini. Dalam kelas
tuisyen, dia telah diberikan masalah pendaraban dua digit dan dia menggunakan
pendekatan pendaraban satu digit untuk selesaikannya. Dalam kes ini, Alex terlibat
dalam proses
A keseimbangan.
B asimilasi.
C egosentrik.
D akomodasi.
9 Puan Tan menerangkan kepada pelajar tingkatan dua di kelas sains tentang prosedur
eksperimen makmal yang betul. Mengetahui bahawa eksperimen melibatkan prosedur
yang mencabar, Puan Tan memberikan nota penerangan yang lengkap tentang
prosedur eksperimen makmal sebelum menunjukkan eksperimen yang perlu
dilaksanakan oleh setiap kumpulan kemudiannya. Sewaktu pelajar menjalankan
eksperimen, Puan Tan mengawasi secara dekat setiap kumpulan dan membantu
pelajar apabiladiperlukan. Menurut Vygotsky, Puan Tan terlibat dalam
— A menggalakkan keseimbangan.
B menyediakan scaffolding.
C menggalakkan penghayatan.
D penyertaan terbimbing.
10 Menurut Bronfrenbenner, persekitaran sosial memberi kesan kepada pelajar walaupun

pelajar bukan anggota langsung dalam sistem diketahui sebagai
A 'eksosistem.
B mesosistem.
C mikrosistem.
D kronosistem.
11 Penyelidik yang mengkaji tentang kepentingan kerapatan {attachment)

mempersoalkan bahawa guru sepatutnya mengukuhkan hubungan yang positif dengan
pelajarnya kerana hubungan yang positif dengan guru akan
A mengukuhkan status guru sebagai pemegang autoriti.

B memperbaiki keyakinan pelajar dan hubungan rakan sebaya.
C mengurangkan masalah tingkah laku di dalam bilik darjah dan sekolah.
D membantu pelajar supaya mempunyai lebih ketahanan terhadap tekanan rakan
sebaya.
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12 Yang mana antara berikut kurang tepat untuk menerangkan perbezaan antara gaya
keibubapaan?
A Ibu bapa yang permisif tidak bertindak balas kepada anaknya dan menetapkan
beberapa peraturan yang tidak konsisten kepada anaknya.
B Ibu bapa autoritarian merupakan ibu bapa yang mengawal, menghukum, tegar
dan selalu mengharap ketaatan daripada anak-anak mereka.
C Ibu bapa yang tidak melibatkan diri adalah ibu bapa yang tidak mendesak dan
kurang bertindak balas kepada anak-anak kerana mereka kerap tidak peduli
dengan anak-anak mereka.
D Ibu bapa autoritatif adalah ibu bapa yang tegas, menetapkan dengan jelas dan
had yang konsisten tetapi cuba untuk berunding dengan anak-anak untuk tahu
mengapa mereka perlu berkelakuan sopan dalam tingkah laku tertentu.
13 Yang mana antara berikut adalah tepat dalam menjelaskan tahap penaakulan moral
konvensional oleh Kohlberg?
A Jika say a menipu, ibu bapa say a akan kecewa dengan say a.
B Saya berasa ok sahaja untuk menipu kerana orang lain melakukannya juga.
C Saya tidak boleh menipu kerana saya akan dihukum jika saya didapati menipu.
D Saya berasa tidak baik menipu dalam ujian walaupun tiada siapa yang dapat
melihat dan saya tidak ditangkap kerana menipu.
14 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan status identiti Marcia yang paling penting bagi
guru-guru dalam membantu pelajar yang tidak pasti untuk meneroka lebih banyak
alternatif sebelum membuat keputusan mengenai pilihan tertentu tentang masa
hadapannya? ' ■
A Moratorium.
B Kekeliruan identiti.
C Foreclosure identiti.
D Pencapaian identiti.
15 Yang mana antara penyataan berikut adalah benar untuk menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip
dalam teori pembelajaran tingkah laku?
I Percubaan dan kesilapan memainkan peranan penting dalam pembelajaran.

II Semua tingkah laku dibentuk oleh keadaan di persekitaran.
III Pembelajaran berlaku disebabkan oleh kesatuan rangsangan dan tindak balas.
IV Pembelajaran melibatkan tingkahlaku terlazim dan proses kognitif.
V Manusia hanya dilengkapi dengan refleks asas dan emosi ketika lahir.
A I, II dan III.
B I, III dan V.
C I, V dan IV.
D II, III dan V.
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16 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan contoh bagi pelaziman klasikal?
A Latifah diarahkan untuk duduk di satu sudut kelas kerana melawan cakap dan
bersikap kasar dengan guru kelasnya.
B Ramli dimarahi kerana mengacau kawannya ketika kelas matematik tetapi itu
tidak menyebabkannya berhenti mengacau kawannya di kelas yang lain.
C Cikgu Lokman memuji Lokman kerana menulis esei yang baik dan ini
menyebabkan Lokman berusaha dengan lebih tekun bagi kertas kerjanya.
D Sarah gagal dalam ujian komunikasi bahasa Inggeris danini menyedihkannya
sehingga dia berasa cemas setiap kali perlu berkomunikasi dalam bahasa
Inggeris.
17 Ahmad gemar dengan sains sehinggalah ketika dia dimarahi oleh seorang guru ketika
di kelas sains. Kini, dia tidak suka dengan sains dan apa jua yang berkaitan dengan
sains. Ketidaksukaannya kepada sains merupakan contoh
A rangsangan lazim.
B tindak balas lazim.
C rangsangan tidak lazim.
D tindak balas tidak lazim.
18 Seorang pelajar berasa cemas apabila Puan Noresah mengajar matematik. Akan tetapi
pelajar ini tidak berasa cemas apabila Puan Ooi mengajar matematik. Yang mana
antara berikut menjelaskan proses pelaziman yang berlaku?
A Kepupusan.
B : Pengambilalihan. .
C Generalisasi.
D Discriminasi.
19 Encik Tan memberitahu pelajarnya bahawa mereka dibenarkan untuk rehat awal
setiap kali mereka dapat menjawab sepuluh soalan dengan betul. Encik Tan
menggunakan
A jadual nisbah tetap.

B jadual nisbah berubah-ubah.
C jadual selang tetap.
D jadual selang berubah-ubah
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20 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan contoh peneguhan negatif?
I Seorang pengetua merotan seorang pelajar yang ditangkap mencuri ketika

perhimpunan mingguan.
II Penguatkuasa Australia memainkan lagu- lagu Barry Manilow antara pukul 9
malam hingga 12 tengah malam setiap hari minggu bagi mengelakkan
kumpulan remaja melepak di kawasan kejiranan hingga lewat malam.
III Encik Logan memberi pelajarnya token apabila mereka tiba ke sekolah bagi
mengikuti perkhemahan tepat pada masanya.
IV Jam loceng Alisha berbunyi pada pukul 5 pagi. Tetapi dia tidak suka dengan
bunyi bising jam locengnya itu lalu menekan butang BERHENTI bagi
memberhentikan bunyi bising jam locengnya itu.
V Johan berusia 15 tahun dan dia tidak suka memakai seluar baru yang diberikan
oleh ibunya. Ibunya tidak membenarkannya memakai seluar yang telah koyak
atau lusuh. Oleh itu, dia dengan sengaja mengoyakkan bahagian lutut seluar
barunya itu.
A I, II dan III.
B I, III dan IV.
C II, III dan V.
D II, V dan IV.
21 Mengapakah guru-guru tidak digalakkan menggunakan kerja rumah sebagai

hukuman?
A Ianya tidak efektif bagi menghentikan salah tingkah laku.

B Ianya bukannya hukuman yang keterlaluan.
C Ianya dianggap sebagai hukuman psikologi.'
D Ianya mungkin akan melazimkan pelajar untuk tidak suka kepada aktiviti
kelas.
22 Puan Zara dapat mengingat perbezaan ciri-ciri pelaziman oleh Pavlov dan Skinner
yang diperlajarinya ketika di tahun satu walaupun telah tamat pengajaran. Puan Zara
menyimpan informasi mengenai perbezaan pelaziman oleh Pavlov dan Skinner di
A ingatan deria.
B ingatan jangka masa panjang.
C ingatan deklaratif.
D ingatan j angka masa pendek atau ingatan bekerj a.
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23 Yang mana ingatan yang menyimpan semua rangsangan dari persekitaran dan
menyimpannya kurang dari sesaat?
A Ingatan deria.
B Ingatan jangka masa panjang.
C Ingatan deklaratif.
D Ingatan jangka masa pendek atau ingatan bekeija.
24 Zahir menyimpan mainan kegemarannya di dalam almari. Dia tidak mengubah lokasi
mainannya itu. Suatu hari, ibunya bertanya dia mengenai mainan kegemarannya itu.
Dia memberitahu ibunya di mana dia menyimpan mainannya. Informasi yang
disimpan mengenai lokasi mainannya itu dikenali sebagai
A pengetahuan episod.
B pengetahuan semantik.
C pengetahuan prosedur.
D pengetahuan bersyarat.
25 Ali mencuba menghafal sifir yang diulang beberapa kali sehingga dia dapat
mengingatinya tanpa memahami proses pendaraban. Ali belajar sifir menggunakan
A organisasi.
B pembelajaran hafalan.
C metakognitif.
D pembelajaran bermakna.
26 Mengapakah kita lupa mengenai informasi yang telah disimpan di ingatan jangka
panjang?
I Kita gagal memberi perhatian ketika proses penyimpanan informasi di ingatan.

II Kita tidak boleh mengenalpasti petunjuk yang relevan bagi mencari informasi
di dalam ingatan kita.
III Informasi yang kita simpan hilang dari ingatan kerana kita tidak
menggunakannya bagi sekian lamanya.
IV Ingatan dibebani dengan banyak informasi yang disimpan dan oleh itu, kita
memadam sesetengah informasi dari ingatan.
V Apabila kita ingin mendapatkan kembali informasi lama dari ingatan, kita juga
akan teringat akan informasi barn yang disimpan di dalam ingatan.
A I, II dan III.
B I, III dan IV.
C II, III dan V.
D II, IV dan V.
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27 Guru manakah yang menggunakan strategi yang kurang berkesan bagi membantu
pelajarnya menyimpan informasi di ingatan jangka panjang?
A Encik Chan memberikan nota sebelum dia memulakan kelasnya.

B Puan Anita mengarahkan pelajarnya melukis gambar sel dan bahagiannya
selepas kelas biologi.
C Encik Moralis membawa pelajarnya ke taman botani yang berdekatan bagi
menunjukkan perbezaan ciri bunga-bunga.
D Encik Lee memberikan demonstrasi bagaimana melaksanakan pengiraan darab
dua digit dan memberikan beberapa soalan untuk diselesaikan dalam
kumpulan.
28 Mengapakah perhatian penting bagi proses ingatan?
A Ianya memastikan apa yang lima deria dapat kesan.

B Ianya membolehkan informasi kekal dalam ingatan jangka panjang.
C Ianya mengingkatkan kapasiti ingatan jangka pendek atau ingatan bekerja.
D Ianya memastikan informasi apa yang akan disimpan dalam ingatan jangka
pendek atau ingatan bekerja.
29 Ramesh menganggap bahawa cacing bukan haiwan. Salah faham nya' mengenai
cacing bukan haiwan adalah contoh
A teori na'if.
B terlebih generalisasi.
C analogi yang tidak betul.
D kurang generalisasi. '
30 Yang mana antara soalan berikut memerlukan pelajar menggunakan proses pemikiran
kognitif kompleks atau pemikiran kognitif aras tinggi?
I “Bolehkah kamu berikan sinonim danantonim perkataan ‘melaksanakan’?”

II “Bolehkah antara membandingkan klasifikasi awan yang telah kita pelajari
semalam?”
III “Bolehkah anda menjelaskan adaptasi tumbuhan sekiranya ia hidup di gurun
yang kering dan panas?”
IV “Bolehkah anda mencadangkan cara menangani jerebu di Malaysia dan negera
jirannya?”
V “Bolehkah anda mengulang semula perbendaharaan kata bahasa Arab selepas
mendengar sebutan saya?”
A I, II dan III.
B I, II dan IV.
C II, III dan IV.
D III, IV dan V.
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31 Menurut teori prototaip, pembentukan konsep berlaku apabila
A individu memberikan contoh daripada aktiviti pembelajaran atau pengalaman

sedia ada.
B individu boleh mengenai pasti peraturan yang boleh digunakan untuk
mengaitkan dengan ciri konsep tertentu.
C individu membandingkan satu contoh dengan contoh-contoh lain yang telah
disimpan di dalam ingatan.
D individu membentuk representasi minda mengenai idea abstrak dalam bentuk
konkrit dan difahami.
32 Yang mana antara yang berikut merupakan contoh terbaik beban kognitif?
A Raju mendengar dengan teliti penjelasan Puan Lim sambil memerhatikannya

menjalankan eksperimen.
B Marissa menghadiri kelas berenang sebelum ke sekolah dan dia berasa letih
ketika menghadiri kelas sains.
C Adam berasa letih dan sukar memberi perhatian kepada gurunya ketika
gurunya melukis sel sambil memberi penjelasan pada masa yang sama.
D Rina menyalin persamaan matermatik yang Puan Zaharah telah tulis di papan
putih sambil mendengar penjelasan Puan Zaharah.
33 Bilakah berlakunya pemindahan negatif?
A Apabila kita secara mengaplikasikan sesuatu yang telah dipelajari dahulu

dengan salah. .
B Apabila sesuatu yang telah kita pelajari dahulu menghalang pembelajaran
yang baru.
C Apabila kita menggunakan persamaan matematik untuk menyelesaikan
masalah berkaitan fizik.
D Apabila sesuatu yang telah dipelajari dahulu membantu kita mempelajari
sesuatu yang baru atau menyelesaikan masalah baru.
34 Yang mana antara berikut adalah kurang tepat bagi menjelaskan penyelesaian masalah
pakar?
A Pakar mempunyai kemahiran metakognitif yang lebih baik.

B Pakar mempunyai banyak strategi penyelesaian masalah.
C Pakar lebih cepat mengenai pasti masalah dan merancang penyelesaian.
D Pakar dapat melaksanakan strategi-strategi secara automatik dan berkesan.
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35 Yang mana antara berikut adalah kurang tetap bagi menjelaskan penekanan teori
pembelajaran sosial?
A Pelajar belajar dari memerhatikan tingkah laku orang lain.

B------ retajar-W lajar hanya melalui interaksi secara langsung dengan persekitaran.
C Pelajar belajar dari memerhatikan kesan tingkah laku orang lain.
D Pelajar belajar walaupun tiada interaksi secara langsung dengan persekitaran.
36 Nadia telah dimaram-u\c,k.ihunya kerana dia tidak membersihkan tumpahan air di atas
meja. Selepas itu, setiap kali dia'inemimpahkan air di mana-mana permukaan, dia
akan membersihkannya. Tingkah laku Nadia adalah hasil daripada
pembelajaran enaktif.
pembelajaran vikarius.
pembelajaran asosiatif.
pembelajaran pemerhatian.
37 Apakah yang menyebabkan pemodelan berjaya?
I Model menonjolkan kuasa atau prestij bagi bidang tertentu.

II - Model menunjukkan tingkah laku dengan mudah dan berkesan. ■
ITI Pelajar memberi perhatian kepada model yang nampak berbeza dari mereka.
IV Pelajar terlibat dalam proses pemerhatian, pengekalan, pelakuan dan motivasi.
V Pelajar dapat mereplikasi dan meniru tingkah laku yang ditunjukkan oleh
model.
A I, II, III dan IV. -

B. I, II, III dan V. -
C I, II, IV dan V.
D II, III, IV dan V.
Yang mana antara. berikut a d a l a h , k u r a n g tepat bagi menjelaskan pelajar yang

mempunyai regulasi kendiri dan tahap pencapaian mereka?
A Pelajar berregulasi kendiri adalah lebih berkebolehan menangani kesukaran

akademik.
B Pelajar yang mempunyai hiperaktiviti mempunyai kebarangkalian yang rendah
bagi menjadi pelajar berregulasi kendiri.
C Pelajar yang mempunyai pencapaian yang tinggi adalah selalunya menjadi
pelajar berregulasi kendiri.
D Pelajar berregulasi kendiri adalah lebih berkebolehan mengawal dan menilai
perkembangan pencapaian mereka.
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39 Yang mana antara berikut benar bagi menjelaskan proses regulasi kendiri?
I Mempunyai kemahiran mengurus adalah mencukupi bagi memastikan seorang

individu menggunakan kemahiran itu
II Pelajar fokus terhadap tugasan, mengaplikasi beberapa strategi yang telah
dirancang pada fasa perancangan.
III Pelajar menggunakan arahan kendiri bagi mengingatkan diri mengenai
tindakan atau strategi yang sesuai. .
IV Pelajar menilai pencapaian terkini dengan membuat perbandingan dengan
pencapaian pelajar lain.
V Pelajar perlu menentukan matlamat jangka masa pendek dan panjang dan
merangka perancangan yang strategic bagi mencapai matlamat tersebut.
A I, II dan III.
B I, V dan IV.
C II, III dan IV.
D II, III dan V.
40 Menurut pendapat ahli konstruktif sosial mengenai pembelajaran, apakah peranan

guru di dalam bilik darjah?
• A Memberi peluang bagi eksplorasi dan penemuan.

B Memudah cara interaksi sosial melalui perbincangan, soal-jawab dan debat.
C Memberi pelbagai aktiviti instruksional dan kerja rumah berdasarkan minat
pelajar.
D Menyoal soalan yang menarik dan memerlukan pelajar menjalankan
penyelidikan bagi menguji hipotesis.
41 Puan Khoo memberi setiap pelajar sebuah kotak yang mempunyai beberapa barang
(bulu burung, kertas aluminium, berus rambut, belon dan pembalut plastik). Arahan
beliau kepada pelajarnya ialah, ‘Kamu diberikan beberapa barang di dalam sebuah
kotak. Dalam masa sepuluh minit, perhatikan kesan elektrik statik setiap barang’.
Yang mana antara berikut merupakan contoh terbaik bagi penjelasan tersebut?
A Penemuan tulen.
B Penemuan berpandu.
C Pengajaran berdasarkan inkuiri.
D Pendekatan penyelesaian masalah.
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42 Cik Nabihah mengarahkan pelajarnya menulis satu perenggan refleksi di akhir

perjumpaan kumpulan bagi membolehkan mereka menilai kerjasama kumpulan dan
pencapaian mereka. Cik Nabihah membuat pelajarnya terlibat dalam
A kemahiran kepimpinan.
B pemprosesan kumpulan.
C saling kebergantungan positif.
D kebertangung jawapan individu.
43 Kesemua yang berikut menjelaskan guru yang mengamalkan elemen penting

pengajaran koperatif kecuali
A Encik Lee memberi maklumat dan arahan bagaimana menyelesaikan masalah

atau soalan.
B Cik Yasmin melibatkan pelajarnya dalam perbincangan mengenai peraturan
yang setiap ahli kumpulan perlu setuju dan patuhi.
C Puan Latifah memberi borang penilaian rakan kepada setiap pelajar bagi
membolehkan mereka menilai prestasi ahli kumpulan mereka.
D Encik Lokman menunjukkan kepada beberapa kumpulan pelajar senarai
peranan dan tangungjawab ahli kumpulan supaya memastikan masing-masing
mempunyai bahagian di dalam kumpulan.
44 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan contoh pengalaman pembelajaran informal?
I Membaca dengan kuat selama lima minit.

II Meminjam buku dari perpustakaan.
III Melawat zoo dan taman botani. :
IV Mengikut lawatan sambil belajar ke muzium kesenian, sains dan sejarah.
V Mengambil peluang bertukar peranan sebagai tutor dan tutee kepada yang lain.
A I, II dan III.
B I, III dan V.
C II, III dan IV.
D II, IV dan V.
45 Berdasarkan takrifan motivasi intrinsik, pelajar yang bermotivasi intrinsik belajar

kerana
A mereka ingin termasuk dalam senarai Anugerah Dekan.

B mereka ingin menggembirakan ibu bapa mereka.
C mereka menganggap belajar sebagai satu proses yang menyeronokkan.
D mereka ingin mendapatkan pujian dari guru mereka.
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46 Menurut teori motivasi ahli tingkah laku, mengapakah guru perlu mengetahui minat
dan apa yang bernilai bagi pelajarnya?
A Bagi memastikan insentif yang paling berkesan.

B Bagi membantu pelajarnya mengenai pasti matlamat dan strategi sosial.
C Bagi membantu pelajar mencapai matlamat penguasaan dan pencapaian
mereka.
D Bagi memastikan sekiranya keperluan asas pelajar telah dicapai bagi
memastikan keperluan pembangunan mereka dapat dipenuhi.
Menurut teori jangkaan, individu terlibat dalam tugasan yang kompleks, memerlukan
usaha yang lebih atau kurang menyenangkan seperti bekerja dalam jangka masa lama
kerana
A mereka perlu mencari wang untuk hidup dengan selesa.

B mereka ingin menjadi pekeija yang terbaik seperti yang diimpikan.
C mereka ingin diterima dalam jalinan hubungan social.
D mereka percaya dengan melakukan yang sedemikian mereka boleh mencapai
matlamat yang diingini.
Yang mana antara berikut adalah kurang tepat bagi keperluan dalaman seorang pelajar
menguru teori determinasi kendiri?
A Keperluan terhadap pujian.

B Keperluan terhadap pengawalan.
C Keperluan terhadap kebersamaan.
D - Keperluan terhadap penguasaan.
Pelajar yang mempunyai pandangan inkremental menganggap
A kebolehan sebagai stabil dan boleh dikawal.

B kebolehan sebagai tidak stabil dan boleh dikawal
C kebolehan sebagai tidak stabil dan tidak boleh dikawal
D kebolehan tidak boleh berubah dan tidak boleh dikawal.
50 Pelajar yang mempunyai dimensi lokus kawalan dalaman, kestabilan dan tidak
berupaya mengawal akan menilai kegagalan disebabkan oleh
A nasib tidak baik.

B pensyarah yang bias.
C aptitud yang rendah.
D syarat sekolah yang ketat.
[Lihat sebelah
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51 Yang mana antara berikut adalah benar bagi menjelaskan pelajar yang berorientasikan
kemahiran?
A Mereka cenderung menyamakan pencapaian yang tidak memuaskan dengan

kebolehan yang rendah.
B Mereka cenderung untuk fokus kepada matlamat pencapaian dan mengelakkan
kegagalan.
C Mereka cenderung untuk menganggap kebolehan sebagai sesuatu yang stabil
dan kurang mengambil risiko.
D Mereka cenderung untuk menilai pencapaian dan kebolehan sebagai suatu
progres.
Yang mana antara berikut adalah benar mengenai perbezaan kumpulan?
A Guru menggunakan perbezaan kumpulan bagi memahami tingkah laku khusus

pelajar.
B Semua pelajar dari kumpulan tertentu memaparkan kesamaan dan pola tingkah
laku yang tipikal.
C Perbezaan kumpulan menjelaskan cara bagaimana satu kelompok individu
mempunyai kesamaan dengan kelompok lain.
D Perbezaan kumpulan termasuk perbezaan budaya, etnik, jantina dan status
sosio-ekonomi.
53 Yang mana antara yang berikut bukan salah satu prinsip asas pedagogi yang relevan
dengan budaya?
A Pelajar mestilah mengekalkan kompetensi budaya. :

. B Pelajar mestilah dilayan dengan adil tidak mengira perbezaan kumpulan.
C Pelajar dengan latar belakang budaya yang berbeza mestilah bejaya secara
akademik.
D Pelajar mestilah membentuk kesedaran sosial bagi berfikir secara kritis
mengenai ketidak adilan sosial.
54 Sharifah merancang menjadi jurutera awam. Dia mempunyai kebolehan membina

imej minda jambatan dan jalan dan memanipulasi imej tersebut di dalam mindanya
bagi mengeluarkan reka bentuk baru. Menurut Gardner, yang mana satukah
kebolehan Sharifah dalam konteks kecerdasan pelbagai?
A Ruangan.
B Bahasa.
C Gerak badan-kinestetik.
D Logikal-matematik.
[Lihat sebelah
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55 Guru pendidikan biasa boleh memberi sokongan kepada pelajar yang mempunyai
keistimewaan di dalam kelas dengan yang berikut kecuali
A memberi peranan sebagai ketua kepada pelajar yang mempunyai

keistimewaan.
B menukar rancangan pendidikan individu pelajar bagi disesuaikan dengan stail
pengajaran guru.
C membina keadaan pengajaran yang membantu menaikkan keyakinan dan rasa
kekitaan dalam kalangan pelajar yang mempunyai keistimewaan.
D menanam sifat memahami mengenai keistimewaan dalam kalangan pelajar di
dalam kelas.
1 Mengapakah penting bagi menyusun bilik darjah dalam keadaan yang kondusif?
I Bagi membolehkan pelajar melakukan pembentangan.

II Bagi meminimakan gangguan ketika aktiviti kelas.
III Bagi membantu guru mengawal pelajar ketika pelaksanaan ujian.
IV Bagi memberi peluang kepada pelajar untuk terlibat dalam perbincangan
kelas.
V Bagi meningkatkan interaksi sesame pelajar dan juga antara guru dan pelajar.
A I, II, III dan V.

B I, III, IV dan V.
C II, III, IV dan V.
D Kesemua yang di atas.
56 Yang mana antara berikut merupakan contoh strategi pengurusan bilik darjah bagi
menangani masalah tingkah laku mengikut perspektif ahli kognitif?
A Encik Teo memberi token kepada pelajar yang menghantar kerja rumah tepat
pada waktunya.
B Cik Amalina dan pelajarnya bersetuju dengan tarikh menghantar tugasan dan
ganjaran bagi tugasan yang dihantar awal.
C Encik Abu membantu pelajar di kelas pemulihan b a g i' menilai kembali
matlamat yang ingin dicapai bagi pencapaian akademik.
D Puan Rahmah memberi pelajarnya “nota Saya” bagi memastikan pelajarnya
tahu perasaannya apabila mereka melakukan salah laku dan perubahan apa
yang diharapkan dari mereka.
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57 Puan Ramu menetapkan peraturan bilik darjah yang dipatuhi oleh pelajarnya apabila
hendak memasuki kelas, ketika waktu rehat atau ke tandas atau mengasah pensil.
Peraturan tersebut penting bagi
A meningkatkan interaksi antara pelajar dan guru.

B mengurus kekemasan bilik darjah.
C mengawal pergerakan pelajar di dalam kelas.
D merigurus hal pentadbiran di dalam kelas.
58 Mengapakah ianya lebih baik mempunyai peraturan yang sedikit tapi merangkumi
pelbagai tingkah laku bagi peraturan bilik darjah?
A Ianya membantu guru menunjukkan ketegasan.

B Ianya membolehkan pelajar menilai hak mereka apabila diperlukan.
C Ianya memberi pelajar peluang untuk bersikap terbuka menerima peraturan.
D Ianya membantu guru dan pelajar untuk mengenalpasti punca masalah dengan
cepat.
60 Apakah yang boleh dilakukan oleh seorang guru bagi menyediakan persekitaran
pembelajaran yang bermakna?
I Memastikan keselamatan dan aturan.

II Menguruskan bilik darjah dengan baik.
III Mempunyai senarai yang panjang perkara larangan dan yang dibenarkan.
IV Menyusun atur keadaan bilik darjah sebelum berlakunya kekacauan.
V Melaksanakan aktiviti kelas yang sama bagi memaksimakan peluang
pembelajaran pelajar. :
A I, IL dan III.
B I, II dan IV.
C I, III dan IV.
D II, III dan V.
SOALAN TAMAT
SPPP 1012 SULIT

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SPPP 1012 CONFIDENTIAL

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This paper contains 16 printed pages including front page

[See next page

A To study the relations o f environment and genetic disposition on individual

A I, II, III and IV.

[See next page

A plan and implement an effective way to teach students multiplication and

5 Which o f the following is one of the characteristics of human development?

A Individuals develop at similar rate from one another.

6 Brain specialisation refers to the

A different functions o f the brain based on different lobes.

7 An assumption to teach students based on brain lateralization is inaccurate because

A brain needs to be equally active at all times.

A establish the teachers’ status as authority figures.

12 Which o f the following statement is inaccurate to describe the differences between

[See next page

13 Which o f the following statement is accurate to describe Kolhberg’s conventional

A If I cheat, my parents will be disappointed in me.

I Trial and error play an important role in learning.

A I, II and III. "

16 Which o f the following statement is the correct example o f classical conditioning?

[See next page

A fixed ratio schedule.

20 Which of the following statements are examples of negative reinforcement?

[See next page

21 Why do teachers are discouraged from using extra homework as a sign of

A It is ineffective to stop misbehaviour.

A episodic knowledge. memori of places, events, person’s life

25 Ali tries to remember multiplication table by repeating it several times until he

A Mr. Chan provides a hand-out before hebegins his lesson.

'28 Why attention is important to the memory process?

A It determines what the five main senses can detect.

[See next page

I “Can you give the synonym and antonym of ‘conduct’?”

A individuals constructs examples from learning activities or experience that

32 Which of the following statement is the best example o f cognitive overload?

A Raju listens carefully to Mrs. Lim’s explanation while observing her

[See next page

A When we incorrectly apply something that we learn in the past.

34 Which o f the following statements is inaccurate to describe expert problem solving?

A Experts have better metacognitive skills.

learned by observing and imitating the behavior of others

35 Which o f the following statement is inaccurate to describe the emphasis o f social

A Students learn from observing the behaviour o f others.

A enactive learning. experiencing the consequences of their own actions

37 What makes a modelling successful?

I Models appear to have power or prestige in a modelled domain.

A I, II, III and IV.

A Self-regulated learners are more able to cope with academic difficulty.

Which of the following statements are true to describe self-regulation process?

A Provide opportunities for exploration and discovery.

44 Which o f the following statements are examples o f informal learning experiences?

I Reading aloud for five minutes.

A they want to get a Dean’s list award. Extrinsic motivated

B they want to make their parents proud.

[See next page

46 According to behaviourist theories o f motivation, why would a teacher need to know