Module 6 Research

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Indonesia

* Wayang Kulit
- Wayang Kulit is a traditional form of a puppet-shadow play originally found in the cultures of
Bali, Lombok and Java in Indonesia.
- Wayang Kulit performance consists of shadows cast on an oil lamp and a cotton screen. The
fundamental components of performance include:
 the puppeteer, dhalang
 a hammer used by the dalang
 shadow puppets
 metal plates that the dalang hits with his foot
 a light sorce, blencong
 a screen frame and screen, gawang and kelir
 female singers and a male chorus
 banana logs
 a puppet box, kothak
- Traditionally, the puppets are made out of cowhide. There are usually seven types of puppets:
putri (women), gagah (warrior-type characters), danawa (monsters), dhagelan (clowns), wanara
(monkeys), halus (refined characters), and gusen (characters with rough and violent attitudes).
Often, a Wayang Kulit will also feature lanjapans (refined characters with a capacity for
violence) and lijepans (refined characters with modest manners).
- Other elements include a puppet box or kothak, and banana logs for holding the puppets.

Performance
- The Wayang Kulit performances are big occasions accompanied by a live gamelan ensemble.
There are many different factors that influence performances. They might herald a significant
occasion like a birth or marriage, begin a political campaign, or just to entertain.
- Wayang Kulit performances are often viewable from two sides of the screen—the "shadow
side" and the "dhalang (puppeteer) side." Previously, people usually observed from the dark side.
Audiences today sat on the dhalang's side of the display. Typically, people circle around to the
shadow side to watch the dancing. shadows devoid of the dhalang, puppets, and gamelan's
diversion orchestra. However, even if the shadow side is inaccessible, it still has a crucial role to
perform.
- Wayang Kulit performances are elaborate affairs. The ability to sponsor an event usually
reflects a high social status but village performances are characteristically open to the public.
Today, when staged at more elite venues, they are still providing access to a great number of
people through broadcasting on radio or television. Wayang Kulit remains very much an art of
and for the people, regardless of sponsorship and venue.

Props and Costumes


- A white screen is used as a stage and a light is shone behind the screen. Puppets costumes are
clothes, jewelries and headdresses.

Thailand
* Nang Shadow Puppets Show
- Nang shadow puppet show was one form of public entertainment in the south of Thailand.
- Themes commonly seen in Nang performances include family conflict, fantastic adventures of
a wandering hero, hermits teaching magics to their apprentices, star-crossed lovers and romantic
tales and abandoned children seeking lost loved ones. Characters are gods and goddesses, kings
and queens, magical figures and comedian.

Performance
- The puppet shows have a religious theme or have an episode from the Ramayana epic which
contains dozens of individual stories. They may also be specifically written to include up-to-the-
minute reflections, songs and poems about local events and matters of current interest in distinct
or country.
- There are hundreds of different characters, each with a distinctive shadow, but the show will
almost always include a clown, scatter-brained old woman, funny old man, or rather stupid
yokel, who are all great favorites with the fun-loving audiences.

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