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    Lab 7 Mitosis Lab

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    Garden Orchid
    The document describes the four stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details on what occurs during each stage, including chromosome condensation and separation. The objective is to determine the approximate time spent in each stage by counting cells in different stages under a microscope and calculating percentages. A procedure is outlined that involves setting up a microscope, locating the meristematic zone of an onion root tip slide, identifying stages of mitosis, counting cells in each stage and graphing the results. [/SUMMARY]

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    Lab 7 Mitosis Lab

    Uploaded by

    Garden Orchid
    96 views5 pages
    The document describes the four stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details on what occurs during each stage, including chromosome condensation and separation. The objective is to determine the approximate time spent in each stage by counting cells in different stages under a microscope and calculating percentages. A procedure is outlined that involves setting up a microscope, locating the meristematic zone of an onion root tip slide, identifying stages of mitosis, counting cells in each stage and graphing the results. [/SUMMARY]

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    The document describes the four stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details on what occurs during each stage, including chromosome condensation and separation. The objective is to determine the approximate time spent in each stage by counting cells in different stages under a microscope and calculating percentages. A procedure is outlined that involves setting up a microscope, locating the meristematic zone of an onion root tip slide, identifying stages of mitosis, counting cells in each stage and graphing the results. [/SUMMARY]

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    96 views5 pages

    Lab 7 Mitosis Lab

    Uploaded by

    Garden Orchid
    The document describes the four stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details on what occurs during each stage, including chromosome condensation and separation. The objective is to determine the approximate time spent in each stage by counting cells in different stages under a microscope and calculating percentages. A procedure is outlined that involves setting up a microscope, locating the meristematic zone of an onion root tip slide, identifying stages of mitosis, counting cells in each stage and graphing the results. [/SUMMARY]

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Stages of Mitosis

    Introduction

    Mitosis, also called karyokinesis, is division of the nucleus and its chromosomes.  It is
    followed by division of the cytoplasm known as cytokinesis.  Both mitosis and cytokinesis
    are parts of the life of a cell called the Cell Cycle.  Most of the life of a cell is spent in a
    non-dividing phase called Interphase.  Interphase includes G1 stage in which the newly
    divided cells grow in size, S stage in which the numbers of chromosomes is doubled and
    appear as chromatin, and G2 stage where the cell makes the enzymes & other cellular
    materials needed for mitosis.

    Mitosis has 4 major stages --- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. When a
    living organism needs new cells to repair damage, grow, or just maintain its condition,
    cells undergo mitosis.

    During Prophase, the DNA and proteins start to condense. The two centrioles move
    toward the opposite end of the cell in animals or microtubules are assembled in plants to
    form a spindle. The nuclear envelope and nucleolus also start to break up.

    Prophase

    During Metaphase, the spindle apparatus attaches to sister chromatids of each


    chromosome. All the chromosomes are line up at the equator of the spindle. They are
    now in their most tightly condensed form.

    Metaphase

    During Anaphase, the spindle fibers attached to the two sister chromatids of each
    chromosome contract and separate chromosomes which move to opposite poles of the
    cell.
    Anaphase

    In Telophase, as the 2 new cells pinch in half (animal cells) or a cell plate forms (plant
    cells), the chromosomes become less condensed again and reappear as chromatin. New
    membrane forms nuclear envelopes and the nucleolus is reformed.

    Telophase

    Objective: 

    In this lab, you will determine the approximate time it takes for a cell to pass through
    each of the four stages of mitosis. You may use your textbook and class notes to help you
    identify the stages of mitosis as seen under the microscope. 

    Materials:

    Microscope, prepared slide onion root tip or whitefish blastula, textbook, lab worksheet,
    pencil

    Procedure: 

    1. Set up a compound light microscope and turn on the light.


    2. Place a slide containing a stained preparation of the Allium (onion root tip) or
    Whitefish blastula.
    3. Locate the meristematic or growth zone, which is just above the root cap at the
    very end of the tip or
    4. Focus in on low power, and then switch to medium or high power. Below find
    micrographs of the four stages of mitosis. Use them to help you identify the stages
    on the microscope slide.
     
    Prophase (onion)

    Metaphase (onion)

     
    Anaphase (onion)

    Telophase (whitefish)

    5. Now count the number of cells found in each stage of mitosis and place the data in
    the chart below. 
    6. Determine the percentage of time each cell will spend in each stage of mitosis.
    Divide the number of each cell by the total number of cells and multiply by 100 to
    determine the percentage. Place these values in the chart below.
    Percent of time in each stage =
    Stage of Mitosis Number of Cells
    # of cells in stage     X  100%
    Total # of Cell
    Prophase %
    Metaphase %
    Anaphase %
    Telophase %
    Interphase 
    %
    (Not a Mitotic Stage)
    Total # cells 100%

    7. Line graph the data you have just collected.  Be sure to label the X and Y axis &
    include the units of measurement.

    Title: __________________________________________________

    Graph Legend:
     Questions:

    1. Of the four stages of mitosis, which one takes the most time to complete? 

    2. Which is the shortest stage in duration?

    3. What would happen if the process of mitosis skipped metaphase?  telophase?

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