Language Assessment: Meeting Vi

MEETING VI
LANGUAGE
ASSESSMENT
Assessment, Test, Measurement,
Evaluation
EVALUATION
TEST
MEASUREMENT
assessment
Assessment: a general term that includes the full range
of procedures used to gain information about student
learning and the formation of value judgments
concerning learning progress.
Test: the data tool designed in a particular case.
Measurement: a set of regulation for giving number to

the result of measuring activities.
Evaluation: a process of giving a consideration related

with a value and meaning about cases considered.
Purposes of assessment
• Without doubt, our first concern with assessment is knowing
what students know. We need this information for many
purposes: grading students; choosing the next learning
objectives; providing evidence of effectiveness of teaching and
learning.
• Knowing more about assessment also gives us insight into how
we shape our students’ thinking by our evaluations. We have
much to do with how they study, what they learn and how they
learn it by the types of assessments we use. If we want
students to think in a variety of ways and learn different kinds of
content in different ways, we need to have a repertoire of
assessments.
Types of Test
1. Multiple-choice Test
2. True-false test
3. Matching test
4. Essay test or assignment
5. Short-answer test
6. Problem Test
7. Oral exam
8. Performance test
9. Completing Test
Multiple-choice tests. Multiple-choice items can be used to
measure both simple knowledge and complex concepts. Since
multiple-choice questions can be answered quickly, you can
assess students' mastery of many topics on an hour exam. In
addition, the items can be easily and reliably scored.
True-false tests. Because random guessing will produce the

correct answer half the time, true-false tests are less reliable
than other types of exams. However, these items are
appropriate for occasional use. Some faculty who use true-false
questions add an "explain" column in which students write one
or two sentences justifying their response.
Matching tests. The matching format is an effective way to test
students' recognition of the relationships between words and
definitions, events and dates, categories and examples, and so
on.
Essay tests or assignments. Essay tests or assignments enable
you to judge students' abilities to organize, integrate, interpret
material, and express themselves in their own words. Research
indicates that students study more efficiently for essay-type
examinations than for selection (multiple-choice) tests: students
preparing for essay tests focus on broad issues, general
concepts, and interrelationships rather than on specific details,
and this studying results in somewhat better student
performance regardless of the type of exam they are given
(McKeachie, 1986). Essays also give you an opportunity to
comment on students' progress, the quality of their thinking,
the depth of their understanding, and the difficulties they may
be having. However, because essay tests pose only a few
questions, their content validity may be low. In addition, the
reliability of essay tests is compromised by subjectivity or
inconsistencies in grading.
Short-answer tests. Depending on your objectives, short-answer
questions can call for one or two sentences or a long paragraph.
Short-answer tests are easier to write, though they take longer
to score, than multiple-choice tests.
They also give you some opportunity to see how well students
can express their thoughts, though they are not as useful as
longer essay responses for this purpose.
Problem test. In courses in mathematics and the sciences, your

tests can include problem tests. As a rule of thumb, allow
students ten minutes to solve a problem you can do in two
minutes.
Oral exams. Oral exams are sometimes used for
undergraduates in foreign language classes. In other classes
they are usually seen as too time-consuming, too anxiety
provoking for students, and too difficult to score unless the
instructor tape-records the answers. However, a math professor
has experimented with individual thirty-minute oral tests in a
small seminar class. Students receive the questions in advance
and are allowed to drop one of their choosing. During the oral
exam, the professor probes students' level of understanding of
the theory and principles behind the theorems. He reports that
about eight students per day can be tested. For more
information, visit:
Performance tests. Performance tests ask students to
demonstrate proficiency in conducting an experiment, executing
a series of steps in a reasonable amount of time, following
instructions, creating drawings, manipulating materials or
equipment, or reacting to real or simulated situations.
Performance tests can be administered individually or in groups.
Performance tests can be useful in classes that require students
to demonstrate their skills (for example, health fields, the
sciences, education).
Completing Test. consists of simple text-shaped questions.

Those should be completed. There are some missing words on
the text either in the beginning, middle or in the end of the
text. The ability of completing those questions indicate
students master the overall of the text.
Tasks
1. Every student makes questions in accordance with a level
of education and grade (elementary school, secondary,
senior high school).
2. The questioned made are 20 questions.
3. Every student can choose types of test in making questions

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MEETING VI

Test: the data tool designed in a particular case.

Measurement: a set of regulation for giving number to

Evaluation: a process of giving a consideration related

True-false tests. Because random guessing will produce the

Problem test. In courses in mathematics and the sciences, your

Completing Test. consists of simple text-shaped questions.

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