NW Physical Science Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P2 and Memo

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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY P2
SEPTEMBER 2022
MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 hours
This question paper consists of 17 pages, 4 data sheets and a graph paper.
Copyright Reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 2 com NW/September 2022
NSC
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. Write your name in the appropriate space on your ANSWER BOOK.
2. This question paper consists of TEN questions. Answer ALL the questions in the
ANSWER BOOK.
3. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.
4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
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5. Leave ONE line between the two subquestions, e.g. between QUESTION 2.1
and QUESTION 2.2.
co
s.
6. You may use a non-programmable calculator.
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si
7. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments.
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8. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.
ep
or
9. Round off your FINAL numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places.
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10. Give brief motivations, discussions, etc. where required.

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11. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS.

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12. Write neatly and legibly.

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d
de
l oa
wn
do

NSC
QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question numbers (1.1 to 1.10) in the
ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.11 D.
1.1 The structural formula of an organic compound given below represents …
m
co
s.
A an alcohol
c
si
B an aldehyde
hy
C a ketone
ep
D an ester (2)
or
m
an
1.2 Consider the following organic compounds below;

st
propanal propane propanol

om
Arrange the above compounds in order, starting with the one with the lowest
fr
boiling point:
d
A propanol, propane, propanal

de
oa
B propanol, propanal, propane

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wn
C propane, propanal, propanol

do
D propane, propanol, propanal (2)
1.3 Which ONE of the following alkanes is likely to produce 1 mole carbon dioxide
and 2 moles of water when 1 mole of the alkane is burned in excess oxygen?
A Methane
B Ethane
C Propane
D Butane (2)

NSC
1.4 Which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT about an exothermic

reaction?
A The products have higher enthalpy than the reactants.
B The reactants release heat and therefore have higher enthalpy.
C The heat of reaction is positive as the products have higher energy.
D The reactants absorb heat and therefore the reaction container would feel
cold. (2)
1.5 A lump of magnesium is placed into a beaker containing 50 cm3 of 0,4 mol·dm-
3sulphuricacid at a temperature of 25 °C.
Which ONE of the following factors will DECREASE the initial rate of reaction?
A Using 100 cm3 of 0,4 mol·dm-3 sulphuric acid
B Decreasing temperature of the mixture
C Addition of a positive catalyst
D Using 50 cm3 of 0,6 mol·dm-3of sulphuric acid (2)
1.6 When powdered lime is added into an acidic solution, the pH of the solution
changes from 4 to 6.
What is the corresponding change in the hydrogen ion concentration?
A Increases by a factor of 2
B Decreases by a factor of 2
C Increases by a factor of 100
D Decreases by a factor of 100 (2)

NSC
1.7 Which ONE of the following statements is TRUE for a reversible chemical
reaction which has attained a dynamic equilibrium?
A The rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction.
B The rate of forward reaction and the rate of reverse reaction remain constant.
C The concentration of the products is equal to the concentration of the

reactants.
D Le Chatelier’s principle may no longer be applied when the dynamic (2)

equilibrium has been attained.
1.8 Consider the following acid-base reaction below.
H2O(ℓ) + SO32-(aq) ⇌ HSO3-(aq) + OH -(aq)
Which ONE is a pair of bases according to the Lowry-Brønsted theory of acids

and bases?
A OH- and HSO3-
B H2O and HSO3-
C SO32- and OH-
D SO32- and HSO3- (2)
1.9 The standard zinc half-cell is given below.
Zn2+(aq) + 2e- ⇌ Zn(s)
Which ONE of the following is TRUE about this half-cell?
A Zn is always a cathode.
B Zn will not be oxidised spontaneously.
C Zn is the anode when the half-cell is connected to the hydrogen half-cell.
D Zn does not lose electrons as easily as hydrogen does. (2)

NSC
1.10. The simplified diagram below represents an electrolytic cell used to electroplate a
nickel (Ni) coin with copper (Cu).
Nickel electrode Copper electrode
Electrolyte
Which ONE of the following reactions takes place at the anode?
A Ni 2+ + 2e-  Ni
B Ni  Ni2+ + 2e-
C Cu 2+ + 2e-  Cu
D Cu  Cu2+ + 2e- (2)

[20]

NSC
QUESTION 2: (Start on a new page.)
The letters A to G in the table below represent seven organic compounds.
A B
Propan -2-ol
C D
2-Methylpropan-1-ol
E F
2-Methylbutanal
G CH2 = CH2
2.1 Write down the IUPAC name of compound E. (3)
2.2 Compounds A and F are isomers:
2.2.1 Define the term isomer. (2)
2.2.2 What type of isomers is compound A and F? (1)
2.2.3 Write down the homologous series to which compound F belongs? (1)
2.3 Compound B is an alcohol.
2.3.1 Is compound B a primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol? (1)
2.3.2 Explain the answer in QUESTION 2.3.1. (2)
2.4. Write down the STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound C. (2)

NSC
2.5 For compound D, write down:
2.5.1 The NAME of the functional group. (1)
2.5.2 The IUPAC name. (2)
2.6. Compound G undergoes hydrogenation reaction.
Write down the:
2.6.1 General formula of the homologous series of which

compound G belongs. (1)
2.6.2 CONDENSED STRUCTURAL FORMULA of the product formed in this

reaction. (1)
[17]

NSC
During a practical investigation the boiling points of the first six straight chain ALKANES
were determined, and the following graph was obtained from the tabulated results.
Boiling point of alkanes

400
F
350
E
300 D room temperature
Boiling point (K)
250 C
B
200
150
A
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of carbon atoms
3.1 Are alkanes SATURATED or UNSATURATED compounds? Explain the answer. (2)
3.2 Define the term boiling point. (2)
3.3 Write down the:
3.3.1 Controlled variable for the investigation. (1)
3.3.2 IUPAC name of the alkane that is liquid at room temperature. (1)
3.3.3 Type of intermolecular force that exists in the compound mentioned

in QUESTION 3.3.2. (2)
3.3.4 Structural formula of the CHAIN ISOMER of the alkane with 4

carbon atoms. (1)
3.4 What is the trend of boiling point from compound A to F?

Fully explain the trend. (4)
3.5 Will the vapour pressure of the chain isomers of compound D be

HIGHER THAN, LOWER THAN or EQUAL TO that of compound D. (2)
[15]

NSC
4.1 Alkenes undergo addition reactions. Reaction I and II given below represent the
equations of incomplete addition reactions. Compound P and Q are organic
products.
Reaction I
Compound P
+ H2O 
(Major product)
Reaction II
Compound Q
2-methylpent-1-ene + HCℓ  (Major product)
4.1.1 Write down the TYPE of addition reaction represented in:
(a) Reaction I (1)
(b) Reaction II (1)
4.1.2 Structural formula of compound P. (2)
4.1.3 IUPAC name of compound Q. (2)
4.2 Halo-alkanes can either undergo ELIMINATION or SUBSTITUTION in the

presence of a strong base. Study the flow diagram below which represents two
different reactions
Dilute strong base

2-bromo-2-methylbutane Compound Y
Concentrated strong base
Compound X (Major product)
Write down the
4.2.1 TYPE of reaction will take place when 2-bromo-2-methylbutane is heated

in the presence of diluted strong base?
Choose either ELIMINATION or SUBSTITUTION (1)

NSC
4.2.2 NAME or FORMULA of the strong base. (1)
4.2.3 Balanced chemical equation for the reaction using STRUCTURAL

FORMULAE that takes place when 2-bromo-2-methyl butane reacts with
concentrated strong base. (4)
4.2.4 IUPAC name of the compound Y (2)
4.3 An ester is formed when ethanoic acid and methanol is heated in the presence of
a catalyst.
Write down the:
4.3.1 NAME or FORMULA of the catalyst used. (1)
4.3.2 Balanced chemical equation for the reaction using STRUCTURAL

FORMULAE. (5)
[20]

NSC
A group of students investigate the rate of reaction using a reaction between

magnesium and hydrochloric acid at constant temperature.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Mg(s) + 2HCℓ(aq)  MgCℓ2(aq) + H2(g)
In one of the experiments they added 0,24 g of pure magnesium ribbon to an EXCESS
of dilute hydrochloric acid and the following results were recorded.
Time Volume of H2 gas

(seconds) evolved (cm3)
0 0
20 90
40 140
60 172
80 195
100 210
120 224
140 224
5.1 Define the term rate of reaction. (2)
5.2 Use the GRAPH PAPER provided to draw a graph of volume of H2 gas
produced versus time. (4)
5.3 Use the graph to calculate the average rate of reaction in (cm3. s-1) during the
time interval 50 s to 90 s. (3)
5.4 Give a reason why the gradient of the graph decreases as the reaction proceeds. (1)
5.5 The experiment was repeated using 0,24 g of pure magnesium powder instead of
magnesium ribbon.
5.5.1 Calculate the mass of hydrogen gas produced at the end of the reaction. (4)
5.5.2 How will the rate of reaction be affected? Choose from INCREASES,
DECREASES or REMAINS THE SAME? (1)
[15]

NSC
6.1 The energy diagram below shows changes in the potential energy for the
reaction between sulphur dioxide and oxygen.
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2SO3 (s) ΔH < 0
480
Potential energy (kJ.mol-1)
Reactants
270
Products
120
Reaction co-ordinate
6.1.1 Define the term activation energy. (2)
6.1.2 Calculate the activation energy for the reverse reaction. (1)
6.1.3 After a while, a catalyst is introduced in the container.
Copy the above diagram in your ANSWER BOOK and use a dotted
line to indicate how a positive catalyst affects the activation energy
for the forward reaction. (2)
6.2 The two energy distribution curves below, T and S represent a gas at different
temperatures.
T
Number of
particles
Kinetic energy
6.2.1 Which ONE of the curves (T or S) represents the gas at a higher

temperature? (1)
6.2.2 Use the COLLISION THEORY and the information on the graph to
explain how temperature affects the rate of a reaction. (3)
[9]
NSC
When heated hydrogen sulphide gas decomposes according to the following reversible
reaction.
2H2S(g) ⇌ 2H2(g) + S2(g)
7.1 A 3,4 g sample of H2S (g) is introduced into an empty rigid container of volume
1,25 dm3. The sealed container is heated to 483 K, and 0,037 mol of S2 (g) is
present at equilibrium.
7.1.1 Define Le Chatelier’s principle. (2)
7.1.2 Calculate the equilibrium constant Kc, for the decomposition reaction at
483 K. (8)
7.2 The equilibrium constant, Kc for this reaction is increased by increasing

the temperature.
7.2.1 Is the forward reaction EXOTHERMIC or ENDOTHERMIC? (1)
7.2.2 Use Le Chatelier’s principle to fully explain the answer in

QUESTION 7.2.1. (2)
The sketch graph below was obtained for the equilibrium mixture for the first
5 minutes.
Forward reaction
Reaction rate (mol.s-1)
Reverse reaction
5
Time (minutes)
7.2.3 Redraw the graph above in your ANSWER BOOK. On the same set of
axes complete the graph showing the effect of the temperature on the
reaction rate at the 5th minute. (2)
[15]

NSC
Carbonic acid (H2CO3) ionises according to the following equation:
H2CO3(aq) + H2O(ℓ)  H3O+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)
8.1 Is carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq), a strong acid or a weak acid?
Give a reason for the answer (2)
Two beakers A and B contain the acid and a strong base respectively.
Beaker A: 0,5 dm3 of carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq) of concentration 0,10 mol.dm -3
Beaker B: 0,75 dm3 of sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq) of concentration 0,25 mol.dm-3
When a 0,10 mol·dm-3 solution of H2CO3 is prepared, it is found that the concentration
of HCO3-(aq) ions is 0,012 mol.dm-3 at 25 °C.
8.2 Calculate the number of moles of H3O+(aq) ions present in H2CO3 solution in
beaker A. (3)
The contents of beakers A and B are added together in beaker C. The solution in
beaker C has an unknown pH.
A B
0,10 mol.dm-3 0,5dm3 Unknown pH 0,75dm3 0,25 mol.dm-3

H2CO3(aq) NaOH(aq)
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
H2CO3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaHCO3(aq) + H2O(ℓ)
8.3 Calculate the:
8.3.1 Number of moles of hydroxide (OH-) ions in beaker B. (3)
8.3.2 pH of the solution at the completion of the reaction in beaker C. (7)

[15]

NSC
A standard electrochemical cell is set up using a standard lead half-cell and XΙX2+
half -cell as shown in the diagram below. A voltmeter connected across the cell,
initially registers 0,47 V.
9.1 Define the term oxidising agent in terms of ELECTRON TRANSFER. (2)
Voltmeter
Switch
Salt Bridge
Pb Electrode X
K+ NO3-
Pb2+(aq) X2+(aq)
)
When the cell is in operation, electrons flow through the Pb electrode towards the
X electrode in the external circuit.
9.2 Write down the equation for the half reaction that occurs at the cathode. (2)
9.3 Use the STANDARD ELECTRODE POTENTIAL TABLE to identify metal X. (5)
9.4 Write down the cell notation of the above cell. (3)
During an experiment, a student set up the electrochemical cell as shown above. After
the experiment is over, a student left the switch closed. On the next day, the student
opens the switch and takes the voltmeter reading.
9.5 What will be the possible voltmeter reading? Choose from LESS THAN 0,47 V,
EQUAL TO 0,47 V or MORE THAN 0,47 V.
Explain your answer by referring to the concentrations of the electrolytes (3)

[15]

NSC
QUESTION 10(Start on a new page.)
Copper metal can be purified by electrolysis, using the electrochemical shown below.
DC Source
Anode Cathode
Electrolyte
10.1 Define the term electrolysis. (2)
10.2 Write down the CHEMICAL NAME or FORMULA of the electrolyte. (1)
10.3 On which electrode will copper be formed? Write down only ANODE or
CATHODE. Support your answer by writing down the relevant half reaction. (3)
10.4 The solid impurities which form during the electrolysis contain silver.
Refer to the relative strength of reducing agents to explain why silver metal does
not react with the electrolyte mentioned in QUESTION 10.2. (3)
[9]
TOTAL: 150
Copyright Reserved
NSC
DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12

PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY)
GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12

VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE)
TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES
NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL VALUE/WAARDE

Standard pressure
p 1,013 x 105 Pa
Standaarddruk
Molar gas volume at STP
Vm 22,4 dm3∙mol-1
Molêre gasvolume by STD
Standard temperature
Standaardtemperatuur T 273 K
Charge on electron
e -1,6 x 10-19 C
Lading op elektron
Avogadro's constant
NA 6,02 x 1023 mol-1
Avogadro-konstante
TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES
m N
n n
M NA
n m V
c or/of c n
V MV Vm
cav a n
 a pH = -log[H3O+]
cbvb nb
Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1 x 10-14 at/by 298 K
Eθcell  Eθcathode  Eθanode / E θsel  E katode

θ
 E θanode
or/of
E θcell  E reduction
θ
 E θoxidation / E θsel  E reduksie
θ
 E θoksidasie
or/of
θ θ θ
E θcell  E θoxidising agent  E reducing
θ
agent / E sel  E oksideermi ddel  E reduseermi ddel

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Physical Sciences/P2 2 NW/September 2022
NSC
TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
TABEL 3: DIE PERIODIEKE TABEL VAN ELEMENTE1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
(I)
(II) (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (VII) (VIII)
Atomic number
1 KEY/SLEUTEL 2
Atoomgetal
2,1
H He
1 29 4
3 4 Electronegativity Symbol 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cu
1,9
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
Li Be Elektronegatiwiteit 63,5
Simbool B C N O F Ne
7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Approximate relative atomic mass
Aℓ Cℓ
0,9
1,2
1,5
1,8
2,1
2,5
3,0
Na Mg Benaderde relatiewe atoommassa Si P S Ar
23 24 27 28 31 32 35,5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
0,8
1,0
1,3
1,5
1,6
1,6
1,5
1,8
1,8
1,8
1,9
1,6
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,4
2,8
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63,5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,8
1,9
2,2
2,2
2,2
1,9
1,7
1,7
1,8
1,9
2,1
2,5
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
86 88 89 91 92 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Tℓ
0,7
0,9
1,6
1,8
1,8
1,9
2,0
2,5
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Pb Bi Po At Rn
133 137 139 179 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209
87 88 89
0,7
0,9
Fr Ra Ac 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
226
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232 238

NSC
TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
TABEL 4A: STANDAARD-REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE
Half-reactions/Halfreaksies E θ (V)
F2(g) + 2e ⇌ 2F + 2,87
Co3+ + e ⇌ Co2+ + 1,81
H2O2 + 2H+ +2e ⇌ 2H2O +1,77

MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e ⇌ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 1,51
Cℓ2(g) + 2e ⇌ 2Cℓ + 1,36
2
Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e ⇌ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 1,33
O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e ⇌ 2H2O + 1,23
MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e ⇌ Mn2+ + 2H2O + 1,23
Pt2+ + 2e ⇌ Pt + 1,20
Br2(ℓ) + 2e ⇌ 2Br + 1,07

NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e ⇌ NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96
Hg2+ + 2e ⇌ Hg(ℓ) + 0,85
Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë

Ag+ + e ⇌ Ag + 0,80

+ 2H+ + e ⇌
Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë
NO 3 NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80

Fe3+ + e ⇌ Fe2+ + 0,77
O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68
I2 + 2e ⇌ 2I + 0,54
Cu+ + e ⇌ Cu + 0,52
SO2 + 4H+ + 4e ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45
2H2O + O2 + 4e ⇌ 4OH + 0,40
Cu2+ + 2e ⇌ Cu + 0,34
2
SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e ⇌ SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17
Cu2+ + e ⇌ Cu+ + 0,16
Sn4+ + 2e ⇌ Sn2+ + 0,15
S + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14
2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2(g) 0,00
Fe3+ + 3e ⇌ Fe  0,06
Pb2+ + 2e ⇌ Pb  0,13
Sn2+ + 2e ⇌ Sn  0,14
Ni2+ + 2e ⇌ Ni  0,27
Co2+ + 2e ⇌ Co  0,28
Cd2+ + 2e ⇌ Cd  0,40
Cr3+ + e ⇌ Cr2+  0,41
Fe2+ + 2e ⇌ Fe  0,44
Cr3+ + 3e ⇌ Cr  0,74
Zn2+ + 2e ⇌ Zn  0,76
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH  0,83
Cr2+ + 2e ⇌ Cr  0,91
Mn2+ + 2e ⇌ Mn  1,18
Aℓ3+ + 3e ⇌ Aℓ  1,66
Mg2+ + 2e ⇌ Mg  2,36
Na+ + e ⇌ Na  2,71
Ca2+ + 2e ⇌ Ca  2,87
Sr2+ + 2e ⇌ Sr  2,89
Ba2+ + 2e ⇌ Ba  2,90
Cs+ + e- ⇌ Cs - 2,92
K+ + e ⇌ K  2,93
Li+ + e ⇌ Li  3,05

NSC
TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
TABEL 4B: STANDAARD-REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE
Half-reactions/Halfreaksies E θ (V)
Li+ + e ⇌ Li  3,05
K+ + e ⇌ K  2,93
Cs+ + e ⇌ Cs  2,92
Ba2+ + 2e ⇌ Ba  2,90
Sr2+ + 2e ⇌ Sr  2,89
Ca2+ + 2e ⇌ Ca  2,87
Na+ + e ⇌ Na  2,71
Mg2+ + 2e ⇌ Mg  2,36
Aℓ3+ + 3e ⇌ Aℓ  1,66

Mn 2+
+ 2e ⇌ Mn  1,18
Cr2+ + 2e ⇌ Cr  0,91
2H2O + 2e ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH  0,83
Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë
Zn2+ + 2e ⇌ Zn  0,76

Cr3+ 3e ⇌ Cr  0,74
Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë

+
Fe2+ + 2e ⇌ Fe  0,44
Cr3+ + e ⇌ Cr2+  0,41
Cd2+ + 2e ⇌ Cd  0,40
Co2+ + 2e ⇌ Co  0,28
Ni2+ + 2e ⇌ Ni  0,27
Sn2+ + 2e ⇌ Sn  0,14
Pb2+ + 2e ⇌ Pb  0,13
Fe3+ + 3e ⇌ Fe  0,06
2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2(g) 0,00
S + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14
Sn4+ + 2e ⇌ Sn2+ + 0,15
Cu2+ + e ⇌ Cu+ + 0,16
2
SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e ⇌ SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17
Cu2+ + 2e ⇌ Cu + 0,34
2H2O + O2 + 4e ⇌ 4OH + 0,40
SO2 + 4H+ + 4e ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45
Cu+ + e ⇌ Cu + 0,52
I2 + 2e ⇌ 2I + 0,54
O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68
Fe3+ + e ⇌ Fe2+ + 0,77

NO 3 + 2H+ + e ⇌ NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80
Ag+ + e ⇌ Ag + 0,80
Hg2+ + 2e ⇌ Hg(ℓ) + 0,85

NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e ⇌ NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96
Br2(ℓ) + 2e ⇌ 2Br + 1,07
Pt2+ + 2 e ⇌ Pt + 1,20
MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e ⇌ Mn2+ + 2H2O + 1,23
O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e ⇌ 2H2O + 1,23
2
Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e ⇌ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 1,33
Cℓ2(g) + 2e 
⇌ 2Cℓ  + 1,36

MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e ⇌ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 1,51
H2O2 + 2H+ +2 e ⇌ 2H2O +1,77
Co3+ + e ⇌ Co2+ + 1,81
F2(g) + 2e ⇌ 2F + 2,87

Physical Sciences/P2 NW/September 2022
NSC
NAME OF THE LEARNER:
ANSWER SHEET (N.B. Staple the graph paper inside the answer book)
QUESTION 5.2
Volume of H2 produced per unit time

240
200
Volume of H2 gas (cm3)
160
120
80
40
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Time (s)
Copyright Reserved
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
NASIONALE
SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT
GRADE 12/GRAAD 12
PHYSICAL SCIENCE: CHEMISTRY (P2)

FISIESE WETENSKAP: CHEMIE (V2)
SEPTEMBER 2022
MARKING GUIDELINES/NASIENRIGLYNE
MARKS/PUNTE: 150
These marking guidelines consist of 17 pages including the cognitive grid.

Hierdie nasienriglyne bestaan uit 17 bladsye insluitend die kognitiewe tabel.
Copyright Reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief

Physical Sciences/P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe/V2 2 NW/September 2022
NSC/NSS–Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne
QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1
1.1. C  (2)
1.2 C  (2)
1.3 A  (2)
1.4 B  (2)
1.5 B  (2)
1.6 D  (2)
1.7 A  (2)
1.8 C  (2)
1.9 C  (2)
1.10 D  (2)
[20]

QUESTION 2/VRAAG 2
2.1 3–methylheptane /3-metielheptaan 
Marking criteria
 Correct stem i.e. heptane.
 Substituent (methyl)correctly identified.
 IUPAC name correct including numering and hyphen. 
Nasienriglyne
 Korrekte stam bv heptaan.
 Sytak (metiel) korrek geïdentifiseer.
 IUPAC naam heeltemal korrek insluitende volgorde en koppelteken.  (3)
2.2
2.2.1 Organic compounds having same molecular formula but different structural
formula/Organiese verbindings met dieselfde molekulêre formule maar
verskillende struktuurformules . (2)
2.2.2 Functional isomer /Funksionele isomere  (1)
2.2.3 Aldehyde/Aldehied  (1)
2.3
2.3.1 Secondary/Sekondêre  (1)
2.3.2 The carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group/-OH is bonded to two other carbon
atoms/Die koolstof gebind aan die hidroksielgroep/OH- is gebind aan twee
ander koolstofatome  (2)
2.4 Marking criteria

  -OH on the first carbon 
 Whole structure correct 
Nasienriglyne

 -OH op die eerste koolstof 
 Hele struktuur korrek  (2)
2.5.
2.5.1 Carboxyl group/Karboksielgroep  (1)
2.5.2 Propanoic acid/Propanoësuur  (2)
2.6
2.6.1 CnH2n  (1)
2.6.2 CH3CH3  (1)

[17]

QUESTION 3/VRAAG 3:
3.1 Saturated/Versadig
No multiple bond/ single bonds only between carbon atoms in their
hydrocarbon chain
Geen meervoudige bindings/slegs enkel bindings  tussen die koolstofatome
in die koolwaterstofketting. (2)
Marking criteria
If one of the underlined key phrases in the correct context is omitted
deduct 1 mark
Nasienkriteria
Indien enige van die onderstreepte frases in die korrekte konteks uitgelaat
is, trek 1 punt af.
3.2
Temperature at which vapour pressure is equal to the atmospheric
pressure
Temperatuur waarby die dampdruk gelyk is aan die atmosferiese druk  (2)
3.3
3.3.1 Homologous series/Homoloë reeks (1)
3.3.2 Pentane/Hexane/Pentaan/Heksaan (1)
3.3.3 London force/induced dipole force/Londonkragte/geïnduseerde
dipoolkragte (1)
3.3.4

(2)
3.4 Increases/Verhoog (1)

 Structure:
The chain length/molecular mass increases from compound A to F
 Intermolecular forces:
The strength of the London force increase 
 Energy:
More energy needed to break the intermolecular forces from A to F
 Struktuur:
Die kettinglengte/molekulêre massa neem toe van verbinding A tot F
 Intermolekulêre kragte:
Die sterkte van die Londonkragte neem toe 
 Energie:
Meer energie word benodig om die intermolekulêrekragte van A na F te
onderbreek.  (4)
3.5 Higher than/Hoër as (2)

[15]
QUESTION 4/VRAAG 4:
4.1
4.1.1 a) Hydration/Hidrasie  (1)
b) Hydrohalogenation/Hidrohalogenering  (1)
4.1.2
 (2)
Marking criteria:
 Four carbon atoms in longest chain
 Hydroxyl group on C2
Nasienkriteria:
 Vier koolstowwe in die langste ketting
 Hydroksielgroep op C2
4.1.3 2–chloro–2–methylpentane/2–chloro–2–metielpentaan (2)
4.2
4.2.1 Substitution/Substitusie (1)
4.2.2 NaOH/KOH/LiOH (1)
4.2.3
Note:
 For QUESTIONS 4.2.3 & 4.3.2, penalise only once for the use of condensed
formulae or molecular formulae
Aantekeninge:
 Vir VRAE 4.2.3 & 4.3.2, penaliseer slegs een keer vir die gebruik van
gekondenseerde of molekulêre formules
Marking criteria:
 Correct structural formula for 2-bromo-2-methylbutane
 Correct structural formula for 2-methylbut-2-ene
 Correct functional group(double bond between carbon atoms) for 2-
methylbut-2-ene
 Correct formula for NaBr & H2O
Nasienkriteria:
 Korrekte struktuurformule vir 2-bromo-2-metielbutaan
 Korrekte struktuurformele vir 2-metielbut-2-een
 Korrekte funksionele groep(dubbelbinding tussen koolstofatome)vir 2-
metielbut-2-een
 Korrekte formule vir NaBr & H2O 

4.2.3
   (4)
4.2.4 2–methylbutan–2–ol/2-metielbutan-2-ol  (2)
4.3.1.(Concentrated)Sulphuric acid/H2SO4/(gekonsentreerde)Swawelsuur/ H2SO4  (1)
4.3.2 Marking criteria:

 Correct structural formula for ethanoic acid
 Correct structural formula for methanol
 Correct functional group (ester) & correct structural formula methyl
ethanoate
 Correct formula for H2O
Nasiekriteria:
 Korrekte struktuurformule vir etanoësuur
 Korrekte struktuurformule vir metanol
 Korrekte funksionele groep (ester)  & korrekte struktuurformule
metieletanoaat
 Korrekte formule vir H2O
   
4.3.2.
(5)
[20]

QUESTION 5/VRAAG 5:
5.1. ANY ONE:

 Change in concentration of products/reactants per unit time
 Change in amount/number of mole/volume/mass of products/reactants per
unit time
 Amount/number of mole/volume/mass of products formed/reactants used
per unit time
 Rate of change in concentration/amount of moles/number of
moles/volume/mass(2 or 0)
ENIGE EEN:
 Verandering in konsentrasie van produkte/reaktante per tydseenheid
 Verandering in hoeveelheidl/aantal mol/volume/massa  van die
produkte/reaktante per tydseenheid 
 Hoeveelheidl/aantal mol/volume/massa produkte gevorm/reaktante opgebruik
 per tydseenheid 
 Tempo van verandering in konsentrasie/aantal mol/hoeveelheid
mol/volume/massa (2 or 0) (2)
NOTE:
Give the mark for per unit time only if in correct context of reaction rate.
LET WEL:
Gee ‘n punt vir per tydseenheid slegs as dit in die korrekte konteks vir
reaksietempo gebruik is.
5.2. 240 120; 224 140; 224
100; 210
80; 195
Volume of H2 gas (cm3)
200
60; 172
160 40; 140
120
20; 90
80
40
0; 0
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Time/Tyd (s)
Marking criteria/Nasiekriteria: Marks/Punte

Plotting all the points correctly 
Alle punte korrek geplot
Shape 
Vorm van die grafiek
NOTE
If four points plotted correctly give one mark.
Aantekening
Indien vier punte korrek geplot is, gee een punt.
(4)

5.3 Δv 202-156
Rate of reaction = = = 1,15 cm3.s-1 
Δt 90-50 (3)
5.4. Reactants are used up/concentration of HCl decreased 

Reaktante is opgebruik/konsentrasie van HCl het afgeneem  (1)
5.5 Marking criteria:

 Substituting 24 g.mol-1 & 2 g.mol-1 in the correct formula
 Using the ratios Mg : H2 = 1 : 1
 Final answer
Nasienkriteria:
 Vervang 24 gmol-1  & 2 gmol-1 in die korrekte formule
 Gebruik die verhouding vir Mg : H2 = 1:1
 Finale antwoord
m
5.5.1 n (Mg) =
M
0,24
n (Mg) = = 0,01 mol
24
Mg : H2 = 1 : 1; n (H2) = 0,01 mol
m
n (H2) =
M
m
0,01 =  m = 0,02 g
2 (4)
(4)
5.5.2 Increase/Toeneem (1)
[15]

QUESTION 6/VRAAG 6:
6.1
6.1.1 Minimum energy needed for a reaction to take place
Minimum energie benodig vir ‘n reaksie om plaas te vind  (2)
6.1.2 Ea = 480 – 120, = 360(kJmol-1)  (1)
6.1.3
Ep 
(kJmol-1) Reactants
Products/Produkte
Reaction coordinate/Reaksiekoördinate (2)
6.2.1 S  (1)
6.2.2  An increase temperature increases average kinetic energy of the particles

 More effective collision per unit time
 Rate of reaction will increase
 ‘n Toename in temperatuur verhoog die gemiddelde kinetiese energie van die
deeltjies
 Meer effektiewe botsings per tydseenheid
 Reaksietempo sal toeneem
OR/OF
 A decrease temperature decreases the average kinetic energy of the
particles
 Lesser effective collision per unit time
 Rate of reaction will decrease
 ‘n Afname in temperatuur verlaag die gemiddelde kinetiese energie van die
deeltjies
 Minder effektiewe botsings per tydseenheid
 Reaksietempo sal afneem (3)
[9]

QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7:
7.1.1 When the equilibrium in a closed system is disturbed, the system will re-instate a
new equilibrium by favouring the reaction that will oppose the
disturbance.Wanneer die ewewig in ‘n geslote sisteem versteur word, sal die
sisteem ‘n nuwe ewewig instel, deur die reaksie wat die versteuring teenwerk te
bevoordeel.( 2 or 0) (2)
7.1.2 CALCULATIONS USING NUMBER OF MOLES

BEREKNENINGE WAT GETAL MOL GERBUIK
Marking criteria:
a) Calculating initial n(H2S) substitute 34 in the formula n=n/M
b) Change in n (S2) = equilibrium n(S2) - initial n(S2) 
c) Using ratio: H2S : H2 : S2 = 2: 2: 1
d) Equilibrium n(H2) = intial n(H2) + change n(H2)
Equilibrium n(H2S) = intial n(H2S) - change n(H2S) 
e) Divide equilibrium amounts H2S and H2 and S2 by 1,25 dm3
f) Correct Kc expression in square brackets
g) Substitution of equilibrium concentrations into Kc expressions
h) Final answer. 0,24
Nasienkriteria:
a) Bereken die aanvanklike n(H2S) vervang 34 in formule n=m/M
b) Verandering in n(S2) = ewewig n(S2) – aanvanklike n(S2) 
c) Gebruik die verhouding: H2S : H2 : S2 = 2: 2: 1
d) Ewewig n(H2) = aanvanklik n(H2) + verandering in n(H2)
Ewewig n(H2S) = aanvanklik n(H2S) – verandering in n(H2S) 
e) Deel ewewigswaardes van H2S en H2 en S2 by 1,25 dm3
f) Korrekte Kc uitdrukking in vierkantige hakkies
g) Substitusie van ewewiskonsentrasies in die Kc uitdrukking
h) Finale antwoord: 0,24
OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
mol H2S H2 S2
Initial/ 3,4
n= = 0,1 0 0
Aanvanklik 34
Change / 0.074 0,074 0,037 ratio
Verandering
Equilibrium/ 0,026
0,074 0,037
Ewewig
Concentration/ 0,037
0.026 0,074 = 0,0296
Konsentrasie = 0,0208 = 0,0592 1,25
1,25 1,25 divide by 1,25

Kc = [H2]  [S2] 
[H2S]2
= (0,0592)2 x (0,0296) 
(0,0208)2
= 0,24
CALCULATIONS USING CONCENTRATIONS

BEREKNENINGE WAT KONSENTRASIE GERBUIK
Marking criteria:
a) Calculating initial n(H2S) substitute 34 in the formula n=m/M
b) Divide initial amounts H2S by 1,25 dm3
c) Change in c (S2) = equilibrium c(S2) - initial c(S2) 
d) Using ratio: H2S : H2 : S2 = 2:2:1
e) Equilibrium c(H2) = intial c(H2) + change c(H2)
Equilibrium c(H2S) = intial c(H2S) - change c(H2S) 
f) Correct Kc expression in square brackets
g) Substitution of equilibrium concentrations into Kc expressions
h) Final answer. 0,24
Nasienkriteria:
a) Bereken die aanvanklike n(H2S) vervang 34 in die formule
n=m/M
b) Deel ewewigswaardes van H2S by 1,25 dm3
c) Verandering in n(S2) = ewewig n(S2) – aanvanklike n(S2) 
d) Gebruik die verhouding: H2S : H2 : S2 = 2:2:1
e) Ewewig c(H2) = aanvanklik c(H2) + verandering in c(H2)
Equilibrium c(H2S) = intial c(H2S) – verandering in c(H2S) 
f) Korrekte Kc uitdrukking in vierkantige hakkies
g) Substitusie van ewewiskonsentrasies in die Kc uitdrukking
h) Finale antwoord: 0,24
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
Concentration/Konsentrasie H2S H2 S2
Initial/ 3,4
n= =
34 0 0
Aanvanklik
0,1/1.25= 0,08
Change in concentrations 0,0296
0.0592
Verandering in konsentrasie 0,0592
ratio
Equilibrium concentrations 0,059
Ewewigskonsentrasies 0,0208 0,0296
Kc = [H2]2  [S2] 
[H2S]2
= (0,0592)2 x (0,0296) 
(0,0208)2
= 0,24 (8)
7.2
7.2.1 Endothermic/Endotermies  (1)
7.2.2 Increase in temperature increases Kc value, and then the forward reaction is
favoured. Increase in temperature favours endothermic reaction
‘n Verhoging in temperatuur verhoog die Kc waarde, die voorwaartse reaksie is
bevoordeel.  ‘n Verhoging in temperatuur bevoordeel die endotermiese
reaksie (2)
7.2.3
Reaction rate/Reaksie

tempo (mol.s-1)
Time (minutes)
Tyd (minute)
Marking criteria:
 Both lines are up
 Solid line is longer than dotted line
Nasienkriteria:
 Beide lyne gaan op 
 Soliede lyn is langer as stippellyn 
(2)
[15]

QUESTION 8/VRAAG 8:
8.1 Weak acid  It ionises incompletely/does not ionise completely in water (to
form a low concentration of H3O+)/
Swak suur Dit ioniseer onvolledig/ioniseer nie volledig in water nie(om ‘n
lae konsentrasie H3O+ ione te vorm) (2)
Marking Criteria:
8.2 [H3O+] = [HCO3-] = 0,012 mol.dm-3
 Ratio [H3O+] = [HCO3-]
n = cV
 Substitution on c = n/V
= 0,012 x 0,5 
 Answer
n = 0.006 mol  Nasienriglyne:
 Verhouding [H3O+] = [HCO3-]
 Substitusie in c = n/V
 Antwoord (3)
8.3
8.3.1. Marking criteria:
 Formula c = n/V
 Substitution
 Using ratio 1(OH-) : 1(NaOH) correctly 
Nasienriglyne:
 Formule c = n/V
 Substitusie
 Gebruik verhouding 1(OH-) : 1(NaOH) korrek 
n (NaOH) = cV
n (NaOH) = 0,25 x 0,75
= 0,1875 mol
Therefore n(OH-) = 0,1875 mol  (3)
8.3.2 Positive marking from 8.2 & 8.3.1/ Positiewe merk vanaf 8.2 & 8.3.1
Marking criteria:
 Using ratio 1 (OH-) : 1 (HCO3-) correctly(0,006 mol of acid neutralises
0,006 mol of base)
 n(OH-) in excess 0,1875 - 0,006 = 0,1815mol
 Substitution on c = n/v
 [H3O+] = 10-14/0,102 
 pH = -log [H3O+] 
 Substitution on formula
 Final answer
Nasienriglyne:
 Gebruik verhouding 1(OH-) : 1(HCO3-) korrek (0,006 mol suur
neutraliseer 0,006 mol basis)
 n(OH-) in oormaat 0,1875- 0,006 = 0,1815mol
 Substitusie on c = n/v
 [H3O+]= 10-14/0,102 
 pH = -log [H3O+] 
 Substitusie in formule
 Finale antwoord
Copyright Reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turnover/Blaai om assbeblief

OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
0,006 mol of acid neutralises 0,006 mol of base /0,006 mol suur
neutraliseer 0,006 mol basis 
n(OH-) in excess/in oormaat 0,1875- 0,006= 0,1815 mol
[OH-] = n/V = 0,1815/(0,5+0,75) 
= 0,1452 mol.dm-3
Kw = [ H3O+][OH-] = 1x10-14,
therefore/dus [H3O+] = 10-14/0,1452 
= 6,89x10-14
pH = -log [H3O ] 
+
pH = -log(6,89x10-14)
pH = 13,16
OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
0,006 mol of acid neutralises 0,006 mol of base /0,006 mol suur
neutraliseer 0,006 mol basis 
n(OH-) in excess/oormaat 0,1875 - 0,006 = 0,1815 mol
[OH-] = n/V = 0,1815/(0,5 + 0,75) 
= 0,1452 mol.dm-3
pOH = -log[OH-]
= -log(0,1452) 
= 0.84
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 0,84
pH = 13,16 (7)
[15]
Copyright Reserved
QUESTION 9/VRAAG 9:
9.1 Substance which accepts electron/ electron acceptors/ Stof wat elektrone
opneem/ontvang (2)
9.2 X2+ + 2e-  X (2)
9.3 EΘcell = EΘ reduction – EΘ oxidation

0,47 = EΘ cathode – (-0.13) 
EΘ cathode = 0,34 v
Metal/Metaal X = Cu/Copper/ Koper (5)
NOTE:
 Accept any other correct formula from the data sheet.
 Any other formula using unconventional abbreviations, e.g.
EΘcell = EΘ OA – EΘ RA followed by correct substitutions: ¾
LET WEL:
 Aanvaar enige ander korrekte formule vanaf gegewensblad.
 Any other formula using unconventional abbreviations, e.g.
EΘcell = EΘ OA – EΘ RA followed by correct substitutions: ¾
9.4 Pb(s)ΙPb2+(aq) ΙΙ Cu2+(aq)ΙCu (s) (3)
Marking criteria/Nasienriglyne:
 Oxidation/Oksidasie  Double line/Dubbellyn(ΙΙ)
Reduction/Reduksie
 Ignore the phases/Ignoreer fases
9.5 Less than 0.47 V/Minder as 0.47 V

As the reaction proceeds/Soos die reaksie voortgaan
 [Pb2+] increases and [Cu2+] decreases/[Pb2+] verhoog en [Cu2+]
verlaag
 reverse reaction is favoured/terugwaartse reaksie is bevoordeel (3)
[15]

QUESTION 10/VRAAG 10:
ANY ONE: (2 or 0)
10.1
 Process in which electrical energy is converted to chemical energy
 Process in which electric current flows through an electrolyte
ENIGE EEN: (2 or 0)
 Proses waar elektriese stroom deur ‘n elektroliet vloei
 Proses waar elektriese energie omgeskakel word in chemiese
energie (2)
10.2 Copper Sulphate/CuSO4 Accept : Copper ions/Cu2+

Kopersulfaat/ CuSO4Aanvaar: Koperione/Cu2+ (1)
10.3 Cathode/Katode
Cu2+ + 2e-  Cu (3)
10.4 Ag(s) is a weaker reducing agent than Cu(s) and will therefore not be able
to reduce cu2+(aq) to Cu(s) /Ag(s) is ‘n swakker reduseermiddel as
Cu(s)  en sal dus nie Cu2+ na Cu reduseer nie.
OR/OF
Cu(s) is a stronger reducing agent than Ag(s) and will therefore not be
able to reduce cu2+(aq) to Cu(s) / Cu(s) is ‘n sterker reduseermiddel 
as Ag(s)  en sal dus nie Cu2+ na Cu reduseer nie. (3)
[9]
TOTAL/TOTAAL: 150

NW Physical Science Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P2 and Memo

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PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY P2

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Write your name in the appropriate space on your ANSWER BOOK.

3. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.

10. Give brief motivations, discussions, etc. where required.

11. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS.

12. Write neatly and legibly.

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QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.1 The structural formula of an organic compound given below represents …

1.2 Consider the following organic compounds below;

propanal propane propanol

A propanol, propane, propanal

B propanol, propanal, propane

C propane, propanal, propanol

D propane, propanol, propanal (2)

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1.4 Which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT about an exothermic

A The products have higher enthalpy than the reactants.

B The reactants release heat and therefore have higher enthalpy.

C The heat of reaction is positive as the products have higher energy.

A Using 100 cm3 of 0,4 mol·dm-3 sulphuric acid

B Decreasing temperature of the mixture

C Addition of a positive catalyst

D Using 50 cm3 of 0,6 mol·dm-3of sulphuric acid (2)

What is the corresponding change in the hydrogen ion concentration?

C Increases by a factor of 100

D Decreases by a factor of 100 (2)

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A The rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reverse reaction.

C The concentration of the products is equal to the concentration of the

D Le Chatelier’s principle may no longer be applied when the dynamic (2)

1.8 Consider the following acid-base reaction below.

H2O(ℓ) + SO32-(aq) ⇌ HSO3-(aq) + OH -(aq)

Which ONE is a pair of bases according to the Lowry-Brønsted theory of acids

A OH- and HSO3-

B H2O and HSO3-

C SO32- and OH-

D SO32- and HSO3- (2)

1.9 The standard zinc half-cell is given below.

Zn2+(aq) + 2e- ⇌ Zn(s)

Which ONE of the following is TRUE about this half-cell?

B Zn will not be oxidised spontaneously.

C Zn is the anode when the half-cell is connected to the hydrogen half-cell.

D Zn does not lose electrons as easily as hydrogen does. (2)

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Nickel electrode Copper electrode

Which ONE of the following reactions takes place at the anode?

D Cu  Cu2+ + 2e- (2)

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QUESTION 2: (Start on a new page.)

The letters A to G in the table below represent seven organic compounds.

2.1 Write down the IUPAC name of compound E. (3)

2.2 Compounds A and F are isomers:

2.2.1 Define the term isomer. (2)

2.2.2 What type of isomers is compound A and F? (1)

2.3 Compound B is an alcohol.